formulab 0.1.11 → 0.5.1

package/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -5,6 +5,103 @@ All notable changes to this project will be documented in this file.
 The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.0.0/),
 and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html).
 
+## [0.5.0] - 2026-02-07
+
+### Added
+
+- **Machining** (new domain, 12 functions):
+  - `truePosition()` — GD&T True Position with MMC bonus tolerance (ASME Y14.5)
+  - `boltCircle()` — Bolt hole pattern coordinate calculation
+  - `sineBarHeight()` — Sine bar gauge block height with rounding error analysis
+  - `radialChipThinning()` — Radial chip thinning compensation for light cuts
+  - `toolDeflection()` — End mill cantilever deflection (carbide/HSS)
+  - `cuspHeight()` — Ball end mill scallop height and surface roughness
+  - `effectiveDiameter()` — Ball end mill effective cutting diameter at depth
+  - `boringBarDeflection()` — Boring bar deflection with L/D ratio guidance
+  - `threadOverWires()` — 3-wire thread measurement (60°/55°/29°/30° angles)
+  - `gaugeBlockStack()` — Gauge block combination using successive subtraction (47/88/81-pc sets)
+  - `triangleSolver()` — Triangle solver (SSS/SAS/ASA/AAS/SSA with law of cosines/sines)
+  - `cycleTimeEstimator()` — CNC cycle time estimation with operation breakdown
+
+## [0.4.0] - 2026-02-07
+
+### Added
+
+- **Battery** (new domain, 10 functions):
+  - `energyDensity()` — Wh/kg and Wh/L energy density calculation
+  - `cRate()` — C-rate ↔ current/time bidirectional conversion
+  - `stateOfHealth()` — SOH % with degradation status thresholds (IEEE 1188)
+  - `batteryPackConfig()` — Series/parallel cell configuration calculator
+  - `cycleLife()` — Cycle life estimation with chemistry (7 types), DOD, and temperature factors
+  - `internalResistance()` — DCIR calculation from OCV and load voltage (IEC 61960)
+  - `selfDischarge()` — Self-discharge rate (daily and monthly %)
+  - `thermalRunaway()` — Thermal safety margin analysis (SAE J2464)
+  - `bmsBalancing()` — BMS passive cell balancing time estimation
+  - `chargingProfile()` — CC-CV charging profile timing with phase breakdown
+
+- **Environmental** (new domain, 10 functions):
+  - `scope1Emissions()` — Direct combustion emissions with 6 fuel types (EPA/IPCC 2006 factors)
+  - `scope2Emissions()` — Purchased electricity emissions for 12 grid regions (IEA 2023 factors)
+  - `scope3Emissions()` — Supply chain spend-based emissions for 8 Scope 3 categories (EPA EEIO)
+  - `vocEmissions()` — VOC emissions with capture/destruction efficiency
+  - `productCarbonFootprint()` — Product lifecycle carbon footprint with stage breakdown (ISO 14067)
+  - `gwpCalculator()` — GWP conversion for 8 GHG gases × 3 time horizons (IPCC AR6)
+  - `energyIntensity()` — Energy intensity per unit/revenue (ISO 50001)
+  - `waterFootprint()` — Water footprint blue/green/grey breakdown (ISO 14046)
+  - `emissionsIntensity()` — Emissions intensity per unit/revenue/employee
+  - `esgSummary()` — ESG reduction tracking with projections (TCFD/CDP/SBTi)
+
+- **Metal** (3 new functions, 22 → 25):
+  - `materialGradeConverter()` — ASTM/EN/JIS/GB/KS grade cross-reference (20 grades × 5 standards)
+  - `pipeSpec()` — ANSI/ASME B36.10 pipe dimensions lookup (15 sizes × 6 schedules)
+  - `flangeSpec()` — ASME B16.5 WN flange dimensions lookup (8 sizes × 3 pressure classes)
+
+### Changed
+
+- Total domains: 11 → 13
+- Total function count: 111 → 134 (+23)
+- Total test count: 1705 → 1887 (+182)
+
+## [0.3.0] - 2026-02-06
+
+### Added
+
+- **Quality**: `controlChart()` — SPC X-bar/R and X-bar/S control charts with AIAG/ASTM E2587 constants (n=2..25)
+- **Chemical**: `pipeFlow()` — Darcy-Weisbach pipe flow calculator with Swamee-Jain friction factor (laminar/transitional/turbulent)
+- **Chemical**: `heatTransfer()` — Three modes: conduction (Fourier), convection (Newton), radiation (Stefan-Boltzmann)
+- **Construction**: `momentOfInertia()` — Section properties (A, Ix, Iy, Sx, Sy, rx, ry) for 7 cross-section shapes (rectangle, circle, hollow rectangle, hollow circle, I-beam, T-section, C-channel)
+- **Electronics**: `ohmsLaw()` — V/I/R/P calculator with discriminated union input
+- **Energy**: `solarOutput()` — Solar panel output estimation based on PVWatts methodology
+- **Safety**: `ventilationRate()` — Required ventilation rate (ACH/CFM/L/s) per ASHRAE 62.1 / OSHA guidelines
+- **Automotive**: `brakingDistance()` — Stopping distance calculator per AASHTO method with grade adjustment
+
+### Changed
+
+- Total function count: 103 → 111
+- Total test count: 1630 → 1705
+
+## [0.2.0] - 2026-02-06
+
+### Breaking Changes
+- **`MetalWeightInput`**: Now a discriminated union by `shape`. Each shape variant requires its specific fields (e.g., `shape: 'plate'` requires `width` and `thickness`). The `materialName` field is now a `MaterialName` literal union type instead of `string`.
+- **`DilutionInput`**: Now a discriminated union by `solveFor`. Each variant provides exactly the three known values, eliminating optional fields and `!` assertions.
+- **`ReactorInput`**: Now a discriminated union by `shape`. `shape: 'cylindrical'` requires `height`; `shape: 'spherical'` does not accept `height`.
+- **`BoltInput`**: Now a discriminated union by `mode`. `mode: 'torqueToPreload'` requires `torque`; `mode: 'preloadToTorque'` requires `preload`.
+- **QR code types removed**: `QrcodeInput`, `QrcodeResult`, `ErrorCorrectionLevel` types and `qrcode.ts` module removed from `formulab/utility` (was empty shell with no implementation).
+
+### Enhanced
+- **`roundTo()`**: Fixed negative number rounding (`-2.555` now correctly rounds to `-2.56` instead of `-2.55`). Uses sign-aware epsilon correction.
+- **`oee()`**: Results now consistently rounded via `roundTo()` (factors to 4 decimals, percentages to 1 decimal).
+
+### Fixed
+- **Duplicate code removal**: Consolidated `normalCDF()`, `normalInvCDF()`, and `clamp()` from 6 files into shared `math.ts` module.
+- **`Math.round` inconsistency**: Replaced manual `Math.round(x * N) / N` patterns with `roundTo()` in 8 files (`metalWeight`, `fallClearance`, `welding`, `carbonFootprint`, `powerCost`, `bendAllowance`, `weldHeat`, `roughness`).
+- **Duplicate test file**: Removed `src/metal/pressTonnage.test.ts` (14 duplicate tests); canonical version at `src/metal/__tests__/pressTonnage.test.ts` (19 tests) retained.
+
+### Changed
+- **Coverage thresholds**: Raised from baseline (5% lines) to realistic levels (90% lines, 95% functions, 85% branches, 90% statements).
+- Total test count: 1630 tests across 102 test files.
+
 ## [0.1.11] - 2026-02-06
 
 ### Enhanced
@@ -54,7 +151,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - All domains now have 95%+ line coverage
 - **Milestone**: 100% function coverage achieved, 98%+ line coverage, library fully tested
 
-## [0.1.9] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.9] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 - **Test suites (Cycle 13)**: 25개 함수 대규모 테스트 추가 (488 test cases)
@@ -72,7 +169,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - construction 도메인: 83.30% lines
 - **Milestone**: Line coverage 60% 돌파, 6개 도메인 90%+ 커버리지 달성
 
-## [0.1.8] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.8] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 - **Test suites (Cycle 11)**: `yieldCalc`, `rpn`, `ppm` (quality), `safetyStock`, `kanban` (logistics)
@@ -91,7 +188,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - energy 도메인: 26.45% → 100% lines
 - **Milestone**: Line coverage 35% 돌파, 4개 도메인 100% 커버리지 달성
 
-## [0.1.7] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.7] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 - **Test suites**: `cutting`, `bearing`, `hardness` (metal domain, 45 test cases)
@@ -102,7 +199,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - metal 도메인: 4.78% → 11.54% lines
 - **Milestone**: Line coverage 20% 돌파
 
-## [0.1.6] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.6] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 - **Test suites**: `calculateUnit`, `getUnitCategories`, `getUnitsForCategory` (unit conversion, 29 test cases)
@@ -114,7 +211,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - utility 도메인: 0% → 78.83% lines
 - Branches coverage: 76.89% → 80.96%
 
-## [0.1.5] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.5] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 - **Test suites**: `ledResistor`, `awgProperties` (electronics domain, 33 test cases)
@@ -126,7 +223,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - electronics 도메인: 0% → 18.77% lines
 - food 도메인: 0% → 45.45% lines
 
-## [0.1.4] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.4] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 - **Test suites**: `slope`, `earthwork` (construction domain, 27 test cases)
@@ -138,7 +235,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - construction 도메인: 0% → 7.73% lines
 - energy 도메인: 0% → 26.45% lines
 
-## [0.1.3] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.3] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 - **Test suites**: `dilution`, `batch` (chemical domain, 25 test cases)
@@ -152,7 +249,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 ### Changed
 - Coverage improved: 8.8% → 10.38% lines
 
-## [0.1.2] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.2] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 - **Test suites**: `eoq`, `dimWeight`, `gearRatio` (40 additional test cases)
@@ -166,7 +263,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - **Coverage thresholds**: Adjusted to realistic baseline (lines: 5%, functions: 50%, branches: 50%)
 - Current coverage metrics: 8.8% lines, 62.38% functions, 72.25% branches
 
-## [0.1.1] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.1] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Fixed
 - **Main entry point**: Added missing exports for 5 domains (metal, chemical, electronics, construction, energy)
@@ -189,7 +286,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 - Vitest coverage configuration with thresholds
 - `test:coverage` npm script
 
-## [0.1.0] - 2025-02-05
+## [0.1.0] - 2026-02-05
 
 ### Added
 

package/README.md

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 > Industrial & manufacturing calculation library for engineers
 
 [![npm version](https://img.shields.io/npm/v/formulab.svg)](https://www.npmjs.com/package/formulab)
+[![CI](https://github.com/iyulab/formulab/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/iyulab/formulab/actions/workflows/ci.yml)
 [![License: MIT](https://img.shields.io/badge/License-MIT-yellow.svg)](https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT)
 [![TypeScript](https://img.shields.io/badge/TypeScript-Ready-blue.svg)](https://www.typescriptlang.org/)
 
@@ -10,13 +11,101 @@ A comprehensive collection of engineering formulas and calculations for manufact
 
 ## Features
 
-- **100+ industrial calculations** — OEE, Cpk, metal weight, CBM, NIOSH lifting, and more
-- **11 specialized domains** — Quality, Metal, Chemical, Electronics, Construction, Automotive, Logistics, Energy, Safety, Food, Utility
+- **146 industrial calculations** — OEE, Cpk, SPC control charts, metal weight, CNC machining, GD&T, pipe flow, CBM, NIOSH lifting, battery SOH, GHG emissions, and more
+- **14 specialized domains** — Quality, Metal, Chemical, Electronics, Construction, Automotive, Logistics, Energy, Safety, Food, Utility, Battery, Environmental, Machining
 - **Zero dependencies** — Lightweight and fast
 - **TypeScript first** — Full type definitions included
 - **Tree-shakeable** — Import only what you need
-- **Well tested** — Comprehensive test coverage
-- **Research-based** — Built on industry standards (ISO, OSHA, NIOSH, IPC)
+- **1,956 tests** — Coverage thresholds: 90% lines, 95% functions, 85% branches ([CI pipeline](https://github.com/iyulab/formulab/actions/workflows/ci.yml))
+- **Research-based** — Golden reference tests verified against NIOSH 94-110, AIAG/ASTM E2587, JIPM, ASME B16.5, ISO 22514-2, and more
+
+## Verification Status
+
+| Domain | Functions | Golden Tests | Key References |
+|--------|-----------|-------------|----------------|
+| Quality | 14 | oee, cpk, controlChart | ISO 22400-2, AIAG/ASTM E2587, JIPM |
+| Metal | 25 | metalWeight | Machinery's Handbook, ASME B36.10/B16.5 |
+| Logistics | 14 | cbm | Physical formula |
+| Safety | 7 | nioshLifting | NIOSH 94-110 |
+| Chemical | 9 | — | Darcy-Weisbach, Fourier |
+| Electronics | 11 | — | IPC-2221 |
+| Construction | 12 | — | AISC, Timoshenko |
+| Automotive | 8 | — | AASHTO |
+| Energy | 7 | — | NREL PVWatts |
+| Food | 4 | — | HACCP |
+| Utility | 3 | — | — |
+| Battery | 10 | — | IEEE 1188, IEC 62620, Battery University |
+| Environmental | 10 | — | GHG Protocol, IPCC AR6, IEA 2023 |
+| Machining | 12 | — | Machinery's Handbook, ASME Y14.5, Sandvik Coromant |
+
+> Functions with golden reference tests have been verified against authoritative engineering sources.
+> See each function's JSDoc for specific references.
+
+## Numerical Accuracy & Testing
+
+### Floating-Point Handling
+
+All calculations use a sign-aware `roundTo()` utility with epsilon correction to avoid IEEE 754 rounding artifacts:
+
+```typescript
+roundTo(0.615, 2)   // → 0.62  (not 0.61)
+roundTo(-2.555, 2)  // → -2.56 (sign-aware)
+```
+
+Non-finite values (`NaN`, `Infinity`) pass through unchanged. Each function's JSDoc specifies output precision (typically 2-4 decimal places).
+
+### Golden Reference Tests
+
+The following functions include tests verified against published reference values:
+
+| Function | Standard / Source | What is verified |
+|----------|-------------------|------------------|
+| `nioshLifting()` | NIOSH Publication 94-110 | LC=23kg ideal, FM/CM table values, RWL calculation |
+| `oee()` | JIPM TPM Handbook | World-class OEE (A≥90%, P≥95%, Q≥99.9%), perfect 100% |
+| `cpk()` | ISO 22514-2 | Six Sigma Cpk=2.0, minimum capable Cpk≈1.33, off-center penalty |
+| `controlChart()` | AIAG/ASTM E2587-16 | A2, D3, D4, d2 constants for n=2, 3, 5 |
+| `cbm()` | Physical formula | 20ft container 33.2m³, 1m³ cube reference |
+| `metalWeight()` | Machinery's Handbook | Steel plate density 7.85 g/cm³ |
+| `flangeSpec()` | ASME B16.5 | Class 150/300/600 flange dimensions |
+| `pipeSpec()` | ASME B36.10 | SCH40/80/160 wall thickness |
+| `awgProperties()` | ANSI/AWG | AWG 0-40 diameter, resistance |
+
+### Edge Case Handling
+
+Functions validate or handle these boundary conditions:
+
+- **Division by zero**: `cpk()` with zero standard deviation, `oee()` with zero planned time
+- **Out-of-range inputs**: `tolerance()` rejects invalid IT grades, `aql()` validates lot sizes
+- **Physical impossibility**: `pressFit()` rejects negative interference, `nioshLifting()` clamps multipliers to [0, 1]
+- **Extreme values**: `aql()` handles 1M-unit lots, `awgProperties()` covers AWG 0-40
+
+### Optimization Functions — Algorithms & Limitations
+
+Three functions solve NP-hard combinatorial problems using **heuristic** algorithms. They provide good practical results but **do not guarantee optimal solutions**:
+
+| Function | Algorithm | Complexity | Optimality |
+|----------|-----------|-----------|-----------|
+| `tsp()` | Nearest Neighbor + 2-Opt local search; brute force for n ≤ 10 | O(n²) per NN start, O(n!) exact for n ≤ 10 | **Heuristic** — no approximation ratio guarantee; exact only for n ≤ 10 |
+| `pallet3d()` | Bottom-Left-Fill + First Fit Decreasing with AABB collision & stability checks | O(m² × n) where m = placed boxes | **Heuristic** — greedy placement; enforces physical constraints (80% support, weight limit) |
+| `cuttingStock()` | First Fit Decreasing (FFD) or Best Fit Decreasing (BFD), user-selectable | O(q²) worst case | **FFD: ≤ 11/9 × OPT + 1** (proven bound); not optimal |
+
+> For mission-critical optimization requiring proven-optimal solutions, use dedicated solvers (e.g., OR-Tools, Gurobi). These functions are designed for quick shop-floor estimates.
+
+### CI Pipeline
+
+GitHub Actions runs on every push to `main` and every pull request:
+
+- **Matrix**: Node.js 18, 20
+- **Steps**: `pnpm install` → `tsc` (type check) → `vitest run --coverage`
+- **Coverage enforcement**: Fails if below thresholds (lines 90%, functions 95%, branches 85%, statements 90%)
+
+```bash
+# Run tests locally
+pnpm test
+
+# Run with coverage report
+pnpm test:coverage
+```
 
 ## Installation
 
@@ -68,16 +157,17 @@ console.log(volume.totalCbm); // 0.96 m³
 
 ## Domains
 
-### Quality & Production (13 functions)
+### Quality & Production (14 functions)
 
 ```typescript
-import { oee, cpk, taktTime, dpmo } from 'formulab/quality';
+import { oee, cpk, taktTime, dpmo, controlChart } from 'formulab/quality';
 ```
 
 | Function | Description |
 |----------|-------------|
 | `oee()` | Overall Equipment Effectiveness |
 | `cpk()` | Process Capability Index |
+| `controlChart()` | SPC X-bar/R and X-bar/S charts |
 | `cycleTime()` | Cycle Time analysis |
 | `taktTime()` | Takt Time calculation |
 | `aql()` | AQL sampling inspection |
@@ -90,7 +180,7 @@ import { oee, cpk, taktTime, dpmo } from 'formulab/quality';
 | `rpn()` | Risk Priority Number (FMEA) |
 | `yieldCalc()` | First Pass Yield / RTY |
 
-### Metal & Machining (22 functions)
+### Metal & Machining (25 functions)
 
 ```typescript
 import { metalWeight, bendAllowance, cutting, bearing } from 'formulab/metal';
@@ -106,7 +196,7 @@ import { metalWeight, bendAllowance, cutting, bearing } from 'formulab/metal';
 | `bearing()` | L10 bearing life calculation |
 | `bolt()` | Bolt torque and preload |
 | `cutting()` | Cutting speed, feed rate, RPM |
-| `cuttingStock()` | 1D cutting optimization |
+| `cuttingStock()` | 1D cutting stock heuristic (FFD/BFD) |
 | `gear()` | Gear module calculation |
 | `hardness()` | Hardness conversion (HRC, HB, HV) |
 | `material()` | Material properties lookup |
@@ -120,11 +210,14 @@ import { metalWeight, bendAllowance, cutting, bearing } from 'formulab/metal';
 | `vibration()` | Natural frequency analysis |
 | `weldHeat()` | Weld heat input calculation |
 | `welding()` | Welding parameters |
+| `materialGradeConverter()` | ASTM/EN/JIS/GB/KS grade cross-reference |
+| `pipeSpec()` | ANSI/ASME pipe dimensions lookup |
+| `flangeSpec()` | ASME B16.5 flange dimensions lookup |
 
-### Chemical & Process (7 functions)
+### Chemical & Process (9 functions)
 
 ```typescript
-import { dilution, concentration, ph, reactor } from 'formulab/chemical';
+import { dilution, concentration, ph, reactor, pipeFlow, heatTransfer } from 'formulab/chemical';
 ```
 
 | Function | Description |
@@ -132,19 +225,22 @@ import { dilution, concentration, ph, reactor } from 'formulab/chemical';
 | `batch()` | Batch scaling calculation |
 | `concentration()` | Concentration conversion |
 | `dilution()` | Dilution (C1V1 = C2V2) |
+| `heatTransfer()` | Conduction/convection/radiation heat transfer |
 | `ph()` | pH and buffer calculations |
+| `pipeFlow()` | Darcy-Weisbach pipe flow pressure drop |
 | `reactor()` | Reactor sizing |
 | `shelfLife()` | Shelf life prediction (Arrhenius) |
 | `injectionCycle()` | Injection molding cycle time |
 
-### Electronics & SMT (10 functions)
+### Electronics & SMT (11 functions)
 
 ```typescript
-import { traceWidth, solderPaste, resistorDecode } from 'formulab/electronics';
+import { traceWidth, solderPaste, resistorDecode, ohmsLaw } from 'formulab/electronics';
 ```
 
 | Function | Description |
 |----------|-------------|
+| `ohmsLaw()` | Ohm's Law V/I/R/P calculator |
 | `reflowProfile()` | Reflow temperature profile |
 | `resistorDecode()` | Resistor color code decoder |
 | `smtTakt()` | SMT line takt time |
@@ -156,14 +252,15 @@ import { traceWidth, solderPaste, resistorDecode } from 'formulab/electronics';
 | `stencilAperture()` | Stencil aperture design |
 | `viaCurrent()` | Via current capacity |
 
-### Construction (11 functions)
+### Construction (12 functions)
 
 ```typescript
-import { concreteMix, rebarWeight, slope, stair } from 'formulab/construction';
+import { concreteMix, rebarWeight, slope, stair, momentOfInertia } from 'formulab/construction';
 ```
 
 | Function | Description |
 |----------|-------------|
+| `momentOfInertia()` | Section properties (Ix, Sx, rx) for 7 shapes |
 | `beamLoad()` | Beam load calculation |
 | `concreteMix()` | Concrete mix ratio |
 | `earthwork()` | Earthwork volume |
@@ -176,14 +273,15 @@ import { concreteMix, rebarWeight, slope, stair } from 'formulab/construction';
 | `roof()` | Roof calculation |
 | `stair()` | Stair dimension calculation |
 
-### Automotive (7 functions)
+### Automotive (8 functions)
 
 ```typescript
-import { batteryRuntime, evCharging, torque } from 'formulab/automotive';
+import { batteryRuntime, evCharging, torque, brakingDistance } from 'formulab/automotive';
 ```
 
 | Function | Description |
 |----------|-------------|
+| `brakingDistance()` | Stopping distance (AASHTO method) |
 | `batteryRuntime()` | Battery capacity/runtime |
 | `evCharging()` | EV charging time estimation |
 | `fuelEconomy()` | Fuel economy conversion |
@@ -207,22 +305,23 @@ import { cbm, eoq, safetyStock, kanban } from 'formulab/logistics';
 | `fillRate()` | Fill rate calculation |
 | `freightClass()` | NMFC freight class |
 | `kanban()` | Kanban quantity |
-| `pallet3d()` | 3D pallet optimization |
+| `pallet3d()` | 3D pallet loading heuristic (BLF + FFD) |
 | `palletStack()` | Pallet stacking calculation |
 | `pickTime()` | Picking time estimation |
 | `safetyStock()` | Safety stock calculation |
 | `serviceLevel()` | Service level calculation |
 | `shipping()` | Shipping cost estimation |
-| `tsp()` | Traveling salesman problem |
+| `tsp()` | TSP heuristic (NN + 2-Opt; exact for n ≤ 10) |
 
-### Energy & Utilities (6 functions)
+### Energy & Utilities (7 functions)
 
 ```typescript
-import { powerCost, motorEfficiency, carbonFootprint } from 'formulab/energy';
+import { powerCost, motorEfficiency, carbonFootprint, solarOutput } from 'formulab/energy';
 ```
 
 | Function | Description |
 |----------|-------------|
+| `solarOutput()` | Solar panel output estimation (PVWatts-based) |
 | `carbonFootprint()` | Scope 2 emissions |
 | `compressedAirCost()` | Compressed air cost |
 | `motorEfficiency()` | Motor upgrade ROI |
@@ -230,14 +329,15 @@ import { powerCost, motorEfficiency, carbonFootprint } from 'formulab/energy';
 | `powerCost()` | Electricity cost with demand |
 | `vfdSavings()` | VFD energy savings |
 
-### Safety & Ergonomics (6 functions)
+### Safety & Ergonomics (7 functions)
 
 ```typescript
-import { nioshLifting, noiseExposure, wbgtCalculate } from 'formulab/safety';
+import { nioshLifting, noiseExposure, wbgtCalculate, ventilationRate } from 'formulab/safety';
 ```
 
 | Function | Description |
 |----------|-------------|
+| `ventilationRate()` | Required ventilation ACH/CFM (ASHRAE/OSHA) |
 | `fallClearance()` | Fall protection clearance |
 | `nioshLifting()` | NIOSH lifting equation |
 | `noiseExposure()` | TWA/Dose calculation |
@@ -270,6 +370,65 @@ import { solveAssignment, calculateUnit } from 'formulab/utility';
 | `calculateUnit()` | Unit conversion |
 | `getUnitCategories()` | Get unit categories |
 
+### Battery (10 functions)
+
+```typescript
+import { energyDensity, cRate, stateOfHealth, cycleLife } from 'formulab/battery';
+```
+
+| Function | Description |
+|----------|-------------|
+| `energyDensity()` | Wh/kg and Wh/L energy density |
+| `cRate()` | C-rate ↔ current/time conversion |
+| `stateOfHealth()` | SOH % with degradation status |
+| `batteryPackConfig()` | Series/parallel cell configuration |
+| `cycleLife()` | Cycle life estimation (chemistry/DOD/temp) |
+| `internalResistance()` | DCIR from OCV and load voltage |
+| `selfDischarge()` | Self-discharge rate calculation |
+| `thermalRunaway()` | Thermal safety margin analysis |
+| `bmsBalancing()` | BMS cell balancing time estimation |
+| `chargingProfile()` | CC-CV charging profile timing |
+
+### Environmental (10 functions)
+
+```typescript
+import { scope1Emissions, scope2Emissions, gwpCalculator, esgSummary } from 'formulab/environmental';
+```
+
+| Function | Description |
+|----------|-------------|
+| `scope1Emissions()` | Fuel combustion direct emissions (6 fuels) |
+| `scope2Emissions()` | Purchased electricity emissions (12 regions) |
+| `scope3Emissions()` | Supply chain spend-based emissions (8 categories) |
+| `vocEmissions()` | VOC emissions with capture/destruction |
+| `productCarbonFootprint()` | Product lifecycle carbon footprint |
+| `gwpCalculator()` | GWP conversion (8 gases × 3 time horizons) |
+| `energyIntensity()` | Energy intensity (MJ/unit, kWh/unit) |
+| `waterFootprint()` | Water footprint (blue/green/grey) |
+| `emissionsIntensity()` | Emissions intensity per unit/revenue/employee |
+| `esgSummary()` | ESG reduction tracking and projections |
+
+### Machining & CNC (12 functions)
+
+```typescript
+import { truePosition, boltCircle, toolDeflection, threadOverWires } from 'formulab/machining';
+```
+
+| Function | Description |
+|----------|-------------|
+| `truePosition()` | GD&T True Position (diametral, MMC bonus) |
+| `boltCircle()` | Bolt hole pattern coordinates |
+| `sineBarHeight()` | Sine bar gauge block height |
+| `radialChipThinning()` | Chip load compensation for light radial cuts |
+| `toolDeflection()` | End mill cantilever deflection |
+| `cuspHeight()` | Ball mill scallop height |
+| `effectiveDiameter()` | Ball mill effective cutting diameter |
+| `boringBarDeflection()` | Boring bar deflection with L/D guidance |
+| `threadOverWires()` | 3-wire thread measurement |
+| `gaugeBlockStack()` | Gauge block combination (47/88/81-pc sets) |
+| `triangleSolver()` | Triangle solver (SSS/SAS/ASA/SSA) |
+| `cycleTimeEstimator()` | CNC cycle time estimation |
+
 ## API Examples
 
 ### OEE Calculation

package/dist/automotive/brakingDistance.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+import type { BrakingDistanceInput, BrakingDistanceResult } from './types.js';
+/**
+ * Braking Distance Calculator (AASHTO method)
+ *
+ * Calculates stopping distance based on:
+ * - Reaction distance: d_r = v × t_reaction
+ * - Braking distance: d_b = v² / (2 × g × (f ± G))
+ *   where G = grade/100 (positive uphill, negative downhill)
+ *
+ * Reference: AASHTO "A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets"
+ *
+ * @param input - speed, friction, reaction time, grade
+ * @returns stopping distance components
+ */
+export declare function brakingDistance(input: BrakingDistanceInput): BrakingDistanceResult;
+//# sourceMappingURL=brakingDistance.d.ts.map

package/dist/automotive/brakingDistance.d.ts.map

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
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package/dist/automotive/brakingDistance.js

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+import { roundTo } from '../utils.js';
+/**
+ * Braking Distance Calculator (AASHTO method)
+ *
+ * Calculates stopping distance based on:
+ * - Reaction distance: d_r = v × t_reaction
+ * - Braking distance: d_b = v² / (2 × g × (f ± G))
+ *   where G = grade/100 (positive uphill, negative downhill)
+ *
+ * Reference: AASHTO "A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets"
+ *
+ * @param input - speed, friction, reaction time, grade
+ * @returns stopping distance components
+ */
+export function brakingDistance(input) {
+    const { speed, friction, reactionTime, grade } = input;
+    if (speed <= 0)
+        throw new Error('Speed must be positive');
+    if (friction <= 0)
+        throw new Error('Friction coefficient must be positive');
+    if (reactionTime < 0)
+        throw new Error('Reaction time must be non-negative');
+    const g = 9.81; // m/s²
+    const speedMps = speed / 3.6; // km/h → m/s
+    const gradeDecimal = grade / 100; // % → decimal
+    // Reaction distance: d = v × t
+    const reactionDist = speedMps * reactionTime;
+    // Effective friction considering grade
+    // Uphill (positive grade) helps braking, downhill (negative) hinders
+    const effectiveFriction = friction + gradeDecimal;
+    if (effectiveFriction <= 0) {
+        throw new Error('Effective friction (friction + grade) must be positive — vehicle cannot stop on this grade');
+    }
+    // Deceleration: a = g × (f ± G)
+    const deceleration = g * effectiveFriction;
+    // Braking distance: d = v² / (2 × a)
+    const brakingDist = (speedMps * speedMps) / (2 * deceleration);
+    const totalStoppingDistance = reactionDist + brakingDist;
+    return {
+        reactionDistance: roundTo(reactionDist, 2),
+        brakingDistance: roundTo(brakingDist, 2),
+        totalStoppingDistance: roundTo(totalStoppingDistance, 2),
+        speedMps: roundTo(speedMps, 2),
+        deceleration: roundTo(deceleration, 2),
+    };
+}
+//# sourceMappingURL=brakingDistance.js.map

package/dist/automotive/brakingDistance.js.map

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package/dist/automotive/index.d.ts

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+export { brakingDistance } from './brakingDistance.js';
 export { batteryRuntime } from './batteryRuntime.js';
 export { evCharging } from './evCharging.js';
 export { fuelEconomy } from './fuelEconomy.js';
@@ -5,5 +6,5 @@ export { gearRatio } from './gearRatio.js';
 export { tireCompare } from './tireCompare.js';
 export { torque } from './torque.js';
 export { power } from './power.js';
-export type { BatteryInput, BatteryResult, ChargingInput, ChargingResult, FuelUnit, FuelInput, FuelResult, GearRatioInput, GearRatioResult, TireSpec, TireInput, TireData, TireResult, TorqueUnit, TorqueInput, TorqueResult, PowerUnit, PowerInput, PowerResult, } from './types.js';
+export type { BrakingDistanceInput, BrakingDistanceResult, BatteryInput, BatteryResult, ChargingInput, ChargingResult, FuelUnit, FuelInput, FuelResult, GearRatioInput, GearRatioResult, TireSpec, TireInput, TireData, TireResult, TorqueUnit, TorqueInput, TorqueResult, PowerUnit, PowerInput, PowerResult, } from './types.js';
 //# sourceMappingURL=index.d.ts.map

package/dist/automotive/index.d.ts.map

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package/dist/automotive/index.js

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 // Automotive domain formulas
+export { brakingDistance } from './brakingDistance.js';
 export { batteryRuntime } from './batteryRuntime.js';
 export { evCharging } from './evCharging.js';
 export { fuelEconomy } from './fuelEconomy.js';

package/dist/automotive/index.js.map

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package/dist/automotive/types.d.ts

@@ -98,6 +98,22 @@ export interface TorqueResult {
     kgfm: number;
     ftlbf: number;
 }
+/**
+ * Braking Distance Calculator Types (AASHTO)
+ */
+export interface BrakingDistanceInput {
+    speed: number;
+    friction: number;
+    reactionTime: number;
+    grade: number;
+}
+export interface BrakingDistanceResult {
+    reactionDistance: number;
+    brakingDistance: number;
+    totalStoppingDistance: number;
+    speedMps: number;
+    deceleration: number;
+}
 /**
  * Power Converter Types
  */