aigroup-workflow 2.1.1 → 2.2.0

package/skills/java/spring-boot-engineer/references/cloud.md

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+# Cloud Native - Spring Cloud
+
+## Spring Cloud Config Server
+
+```java
+// Config Server
+@SpringBootApplication
+@EnableConfigServer
+public class ConfigServerApplication {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(ConfigServerApplication.class, args);
+    }
+}
+
+// application.yml
+server:
+  port: 8888
+
+spring:
+  cloud:
+    config:
+      server:
+        git:
+          uri: https://github.com/example/config-repo
+          default-label: main
+          search-paths: '{application}'
+          username: ${GIT_USERNAME}
+          password: ${GIT_PASSWORD}
+        native:
+          search-locations: classpath:/config
+  security:
+    user:
+      name: config-user
+      password: ${CONFIG_PASSWORD}
+
+// Config Client
+@SpringBootApplication
+public class ClientApplication {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(ClientApplication.class, args);
+    }
+}
+
+// application.yml (Config Client)
+spring:
+  application:
+    name: user-service
+  config:
+    import: "configserver:http://localhost:8888"
+  cloud:
+    config:
+      username: config-user
+      password: ${CONFIG_PASSWORD}
+      fail-fast: true
+      retry:
+        max-attempts: 6
+        initial-interval: 1000
+```
+
+## Dynamic Configuration Refresh
+
+```java
+@RestController
+@RefreshScope
+public class ConfigController {
+    @Value("${app.feature.enabled:false}")
+    private boolean featureEnabled;
+
+    @Value("${app.max-connections:100}")
+    private int maxConnections;
+
+    @GetMapping("/config")
+    public Map<String, Object> getConfig() {
+        return Map.of(
+            "featureEnabled", featureEnabled,
+            "maxConnections", maxConnections
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+// Refresh configuration via Actuator endpoint:
+// POST /actuator/refresh
+```
+
+## Service Discovery - Eureka
+
+```java
+// Eureka Server
+@SpringBootApplication
+@EnableEurekaServer
+public class EurekaServerApplication {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerApplication.class, args);
+    }
+}
+
+// application.yml (Eureka Server)
+server:
+  port: 8761
+
+eureka:
+  instance:
+    hostname: localhost
+  client:
+    register-with-eureka: false
+    fetch-registry: false
+    service-url:
+      defaultZone: http://${eureka.instance.hostname}:${server.port}/eureka/
+
+// Eureka Client
+@SpringBootApplication
+@EnableDiscoveryClient
+public class UserServiceApplication {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(UserServiceApplication.class, args);
+    }
+}
+
+// application.yml (Eureka Client)
+spring:
+  application:
+    name: user-service
+
+eureka:
+  client:
+    service-url:
+      defaultZone: http://localhost:8761/eureka/
+    registry-fetch-interval-seconds: 5
+  instance:
+    prefer-ip-address: true
+    lease-renewal-interval-in-seconds: 10
+    lease-expiration-duration-in-seconds: 30
+```
+
+## Spring Cloud Gateway
+
+```java
+@SpringBootApplication
+public class GatewayApplication {
+    public static void main(String[] args) {
+        SpringApplication.run(GatewayApplication.class, args);
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public RouteLocator customRouteLocator(RouteLocatorBuilder builder) {
+        return builder.routes()
+            .route("user-service", r -> r
+                .path("/api/users/**")
+                .filters(f -> f
+                    .rewritePath("/api/users/(?<segment>.*)", "/users/${segment}")
+                    .addRequestHeader("X-Gateway", "Spring-Cloud-Gateway")
+                    .circuitBreaker(config -> config
+                        .setName("userServiceCircuitBreaker")
+                        .setFallbackUri("forward:/fallback/users")
+                    )
+                    .retry(config -> config
+                        .setRetries(3)
+                        .setStatuses(HttpStatus.SERVICE_UNAVAILABLE)
+                    )
+                )
+                .uri("lb://user-service")
+            )
+            .route("order-service", r -> r
+                .path("/api/orders/**")
+                .filters(f -> f
+                    .rewritePath("/api/orders/(?<segment>.*)", "/orders/${segment}")
+                    .requestRateLimiter(config -> config
+                        .setRateLimiter(redisRateLimiter())
+                        .setKeyResolver(userKeyResolver())
+                    )
+                )
+                .uri("lb://order-service")
+            )
+            .build();
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public RedisRateLimiter redisRateLimiter() {
+        return new RedisRateLimiter(10, 20); // replenishRate, burstCapacity
+    }
+
+    @Bean
+    public KeyResolver userKeyResolver() {
+        return exchange -> Mono.just(
+            exchange.getRequest().getHeaders().getFirst("X-User-Id")
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+// application.yml (Gateway)
+spring:
+  cloud:
+    gateway:
+      discovery:
+        locator:
+          enabled: true
+          lower-case-service-id: true
+      default-filters:
+        - DedupeResponseHeader=Access-Control-Allow-Origin
+      globalcors:
+        cors-configurations:
+          '[/**]':
+            allowed-origins: "*"
+            allowed-methods:
+              - GET
+              - POST
+              - PUT
+              - DELETE
+            allowed-headers: "*"
+```
+
+## Circuit Breaker - Resilience4j
+
+```java
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class ExternalApiService {
+    private final WebClient webClient;
+
+    @CircuitBreaker(name = "externalApi", fallbackMethod = "getFallbackData")
+    @Retry(name = "externalApi")
+    @RateLimiter(name = "externalApi")
+    public Mono<ExternalData> getData(String id) {
+        return webClient
+            .get()
+            .uri("/data/{id}", id)
+            .retrieve()
+            .bodyToMono(ExternalData.class)
+            .timeout(Duration.ofSeconds(3));
+    }
+
+    private Mono<ExternalData> getFallbackData(String id, Exception e) {
+        log.warn("Fallback triggered for id: {}, error: {}", id, e.getMessage());
+        return Mono.just(new ExternalData(id, "Fallback data", LocalDateTime.now()));
+    }
+}
+
+// application.yml
+resilience4j:
+  circuitbreaker:
+    instances:
+      externalApi:
+        register-health-indicator: true
+        sliding-window-size: 10
+        minimum-number-of-calls: 5
+        permitted-number-of-calls-in-half-open-state: 3
+        automatic-transition-from-open-to-half-open-enabled: true
+        wait-duration-in-open-state: 5s
+        failure-rate-threshold: 50
+        event-consumer-buffer-size: 10
+
+  retry:
+    instances:
+      externalApi:
+        max-attempts: 3
+        wait-duration: 1s
+        enable-exponential-backoff: true
+        exponential-backoff-multiplier: 2
+
+  ratelimiter:
+    instances:
+      externalApi:
+        limit-for-period: 10
+        limit-refresh-period: 1s
+        timeout-duration: 0s
+```
+
+## Distributed Tracing - Micrometer Tracing
+
+```java
+// application.yml
+management:
+  tracing:
+    sampling:
+      probability: 1.0
+  zipkin:
+    tracing:
+      endpoint: http://localhost:9411/api/v2/spans
+
+logging:
+  pattern:
+    level: "%5p [${spring.application.name:},%X{traceId:-},%X{spanId:-}]"
+
+// Custom spans
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class OrderService {
+    private final Tracer tracer;
+    private final OrderRepository orderRepository;
+
+    public Order processOrder(OrderRequest request) {
+        Span span = tracer.nextSpan().name("processOrder").start();
+        try (Tracer.SpanInScope ws = tracer.withSpan(span)) {
+            span.tag("order.type", request.type());
+            span.tag("order.items", String.valueOf(request.items().size()));
+
+            // Business logic
+            Order order = createOrder(request);
+
+            span.event("order.created");
+            return order;
+        } finally {
+            span.end();
+        }
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## Load Balancing with Spring Cloud LoadBalancer
+
+```java
+@Configuration
+@LoadBalancerClient(name = "user-service", configuration = UserServiceLoadBalancerConfig.class)
+public class LoadBalancerConfiguration {
+}
+
+@Configuration
+public class UserServiceLoadBalancerConfig {
+
+    @Bean
+    public ReactorLoadBalancer<ServiceInstance> randomLoadBalancer(
+            LoadBalancerClientFactory clientFactory,
+            ObjectProvider<LoadBalancerProperties> properties) {
+        return new RandomLoadBalancer(
+            clientFactory.getLazyProvider("user-service", ServiceInstanceListSupplier.class),
+            "user-service"
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+@Service
+@RequiredArgsConstructor
+public class UserClientService {
+    private final WebClient.Builder webClientBuilder;
+
+    public Mono<User> getUser(Long id) {
+        return webClientBuilder
+            .baseUrl("http://user-service")
+            .build()
+            .get()
+            .uri("/users/{id}", id)
+            .retrieve()
+            .bodyToMono(User.class);
+    }
+}
+```
+
+## Health Checks & Actuator
+
+```java
+@Component
+public class CustomHealthIndicator implements HealthIndicator {
+
+    @Override
+    public Health health() {
+        boolean serviceUp = checkExternalService();
+
+        if (serviceUp) {
+            return Health.up()
+                .withDetail("externalService", "Available")
+                .withDetail("timestamp", LocalDateTime.now())
+                .build();
+        } else {
+            return Health.down()
+                .withDetail("externalService", "Unavailable")
+                .withDetail("error", "Connection timeout")
+                .build();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private boolean checkExternalService() {
+        // Check external dependency
+        return true;
+    }
+}
+
+// application.yml
+management:
+  endpoints:
+    web:
+      exposure:
+        include: health,info,metrics,prometheus
+  endpoint:
+    health:
+      show-details: always
+      probes:
+        enabled: true
+  health:
+    livenessState:
+      enabled: true
+    readinessState:
+      enabled: true
+  metrics:
+    export:
+      prometheus:
+        enabled: true
+    tags:
+      application: ${spring.application.name}
+```
+
+## Kubernetes Deployment
+
+```yaml
+# deployment.yaml
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: user-service
+spec:
+  replicas: 3
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: user-service
+  template:
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: user-service
+    spec:
+      containers:
+      - name: user-service
+        image: user-service:1.0.0
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 8080
+        env:
+        - name: SPRING_PROFILES_ACTIVE
+          value: "kubernetes"
+        - name: JAVA_OPTS
+          value: "-Xmx512m -Xms256m"
+        livenessProbe:
+          httpGet:
+            path: /actuator/health/liveness
+            port: 8080
+          initialDelaySeconds: 60
+          periodSeconds: 10
+        readinessProbe:
+          httpGet:
+            path: /actuator/health/readiness
+            port: 8080
+          initialDelaySeconds: 30
+          periodSeconds: 5
+        resources:
+          requests:
+            memory: "512Mi"
+            cpu: "500m"
+          limits:
+            memory: "1Gi"
+            cpu: "1000m"
+---
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: user-service
+spec:
+  selector:
+    app: user-service
+  ports:
+  - port: 80
+    targetPort: 8080
+  type: ClusterIP
+```
+
+## Docker Configuration
+
+```dockerfile
+# Dockerfile (Multi-stage)
+FROM eclipse-temurin:17-jdk-alpine AS build
+WORKDIR /workspace/app
+
+COPY mvnw .
+COPY .mvn .mvn
+COPY pom.xml .
+COPY src src
+
+RUN ./mvnw install -DskipTests
+RUN mkdir -p target/dependency && (cd target/dependency; jar -xf ../*.jar)
+
+FROM eclipse-temurin:17-jre-alpine
+VOLUME /tmp
+ARG DEPENDENCY=/workspace/app/target/dependency
+COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/BOOT-INF/lib /app/lib
+COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/META-INF /app/META-INF
+COPY --from=build ${DEPENDENCY}/BOOT-INF/classes /app
+
+ENTRYPOINT ["java","-cp","app:app/lib/*","com.example.Application"]
+```
+
+## Quick Reference
+
+| Component | Purpose |
+|-----------|---------|
+| **Config Server** | Centralized configuration management |
+| **Eureka** | Service discovery and registration |
+| **Gateway** | API gateway with routing, filtering, load balancing |
+| **Circuit Breaker** | Fault tolerance and fallback patterns |
+| **Load Balancer** | Client-side load balancing |
+| **Tracing** | Distributed tracing across services |
+| **Actuator** | Production-ready monitoring and management |
+| **Kubernetes** | Container orchestration and deployment |