ac6502 1.3.0 → 1.4.1

package/dist/components/Machine.d.ts

@@ -2,57 +2,54 @@ import { CPU } from './CPU';
 import { RAM } from './RAM';
 import { ROM } from './ROM';
 import { Cart } from './Cart';
-import { SerialCard } from './IO/SerialCard';
-import { GPIOKeyboardMatrixAttachment } from './IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOKeyboardMatrixAttachment';
-import { GPIOKeyboardEncoderAttachment } from './IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOKeyboardEncoderAttachment';
-import { GPIOJoystickAttachment } from './IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOJoystickAttachment';
-import { GPIOLCDAttachment } from './IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOLCDAttachment';
-import { GPIOKeypadAttachment } from './IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOKeypadAttachment';
+import { KeyboardMatrixAttachment } from './IO/Attachments/KeyboardMatrixAttachment';
+import { KeyboardEncoderAttachment } from './IO/Attachments/KeyboardEncoderAttachment';
+import { JoystickAttachment } from './IO/Attachments/JoystickAttachment';
+import { LCDAttachment } from './IO/Attachments/LCDAttachment';
+import { KeypadAttachment } from './IO/Attachments/KeypadAttachment';
 import { IO } from './IO';
 export declare class Machine {
     static MAX_FPS: number;
     static FRAME_INTERVAL_MS: number;
     private ioCycleAccumulator;
     private ioTickInterval;
+    private loopHandle?;
     cpu: CPU;
     ram: RAM;
     rom: ROM;
+    cart?: Cart;
     io1: IO;
     io2: IO;
     io3: IO;
     io4: IO;
-    io5: SerialCard;
+    io5: IO;
     io6: IO;
     io7: IO;
     io8: IO;
-    cart?: Cart;
+    keyboardMatrixAttachment?: KeyboardMatrixAttachment;
+    keyboardEncoderAttachment?: KeyboardEncoderAttachment;
+    joystickAttachmentA?: JoystickAttachment;
+    joystickAttachmentB?: JoystickAttachment;
+    lcdAttachment?: LCDAttachment;
+    keypadAttachment?: KeypadAttachment;
     target: string;
-    keyboardMatrixAttachment: GPIOKeyboardMatrixAttachment;
-    keyboardEncoderAttachment: GPIOKeyboardEncoderAttachment;
-    joystickAttachmentA: GPIOJoystickAttachment;
-    joystickAttachmentB: GPIOJoystickAttachment;
-    lcdAttachment?: GPIOLCDAttachment;
-    keypadAttachment?: GPIOKeypadAttachment;
-    isAlive: boolean;
     isRunning: boolean;
     frequency: number;
     scale: number;
     frames: number;
-    frameDelay: number;
-    frameDelayCount: number;
     startTime: number;
     previousTime: number;
     transmit?: (data: number) => void;
     render?: () => void;
-    pushAudioSamples?: (samples: Float32Array) => void;
-    constructor(target?: string);
-    loadROM: (path: string) => Promise<void>;
-    loadCart: (path: string) => Promise<void>;
-    start(): void;
-    end(): void;
+    play?: (samples: Float32Array) => void;
+    constructor(target: string);
+    configureTarget(target: string): void;
+    loadROM: (data: Uint8Array | number[] | ArrayBuffer) => void;
+    loadCart: (data: Uint8Array | number[] | ArrayBuffer) => void;
     run(): void;
     stop(): void;
     step(): void;
+    reset(coldStart: boolean): void;
     tick(): void;
     onReceive(data: number): void;
     onKeyDown(scancode: number): void;
@@ -60,7 +57,6 @@ export declare class Machine {
     onJoystickA(buttons: number): void;
     onJoystickB(buttons: number): void;
     private loop;
-    reset(coldStart: boolean): void;
     read(address: number): number;
     write(address: number, data: number): void;
 }

package/dist/components/Machine.js

@@ -1,197 +1,273 @@
 "use strict";
-var __awaiter = (this && this.__awaiter) || function (thisArg, _arguments, P, generator) {
-    function adopt(value) { return value instanceof P ? value : new P(function (resolve) { resolve(value); }); }
-    return new (P || (P = Promise))(function (resolve, reject) {
-        function fulfilled(value) { try { step(generator.next(value)); } catch (e) { reject(e); } }
-        function rejected(value) { try { step(generator["throw"](value)); } catch (e) { reject(e); } }
-        function step(result) { result.done ? resolve(result.value) : adopt(result.value).then(fulfilled, rejected); }
-        step((generator = generator.apply(thisArg, _arguments || [])).next());
-    });
-};
 Object.defineProperty(exports, "__esModule", { value: true });
 exports.Machine = void 0;
 const CPU_1 = require("./CPU");
 const RAM_1 = require("./RAM");
 const ROM_1 = require("./ROM");
 const Cart_1 = require("./Cart");
-const GPIOCard_1 = require("./IO/GPIOCard");
-const RAMCard_1 = require("./IO/RAMCard");
-const RTCCard_1 = require("./IO/RTCCard");
-const SerialCard_1 = require("./IO/SerialCard");
-const SoundCard_1 = require("./IO/SoundCard");
-const StorageCard_1 = require("./IO/StorageCard");
-const VideoCard_1 = require("./IO/VideoCard");
-const GPIOKeyboardMatrixAttachment_1 = require("./IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOKeyboardMatrixAttachment");
-const GPIOKeyboardEncoderAttachment_1 = require("./IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOKeyboardEncoderAttachment");
-const GPIOJoystickAttachment_1 = require("./IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOJoystickAttachment");
-const GPIOLCDAttachment_1 = require("./IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOLCDAttachment");
-const GPIOKeypadAttachment_1 = require("./IO/GPIOAttachments/GPIOKeypadAttachment");
-const EmptyCard_1 = require("./IO/EmptyCard");
-const DevOutputBoard_1 = require("./IO/DevOutputBoard");
-const promises_1 = require("fs/promises");
+const VIA_1 = require("./IO/VIA");
+const RAMBank_1 = require("./IO/RAMBank");
+const RTC_1 = require("./IO/RTC");
+const ACIA_1 = require("./IO/ACIA");
+const Sound_1 = require("./IO/Sound");
+const Storage_1 = require("./IO/Storage");
+const Video_1 = require("./IO/Video");
+const KeyboardMatrixAttachment_1 = require("./IO/Attachments/KeyboardMatrixAttachment");
+const KeyboardEncoderAttachment_1 = require("./IO/Attachments/KeyboardEncoderAttachment");
+const JoystickAttachment_1 = require("./IO/Attachments/JoystickAttachment");
+const LCDAttachment_1 = require("./IO/Attachments/LCDAttachment");
+const KeypadAttachment_1 = require("./IO/Attachments/KeypadAttachment");
+const Empty_1 = require("./IO/Empty");
+const Terminal_1 = require("./IO/Terminal");
 class Machine {
     //
     // Initialization
     //
-    constructor(target = 'cob') {
+    constructor(target) {
         this.ioCycleAccumulator = 0;
         this.ioTickInterval = 128; // adjust (64/128/256)
-        this.isAlive = false;
         this.isRunning = false;
         this.frequency = 2000000; // 2 MHz
         this.scale = 2;
         this.frames = 0;
-        this.frameDelay = 0;
-        this.frameDelayCount = 0;
         this.startTime = Date.now();
         this.previousTime = performance.now();
         //
         // Methods
         //
-        this.loadROM = (path) => __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-            try {
-                this.rom.load(Array.from(new Uint8Array(yield (0, promises_1.readFile)(path))));
+        this.loadROM = (data) => {
+            if (data instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+                this.rom.load(Array.from(new Uint8Array(data)));
             }
-            catch (error) {
-                console.error('Error reading file:', error);
+            else if (data instanceof Uint8Array) {
+                this.rom.load(Array.from(data));
             }
-        });
-        this.loadCart = (path) => __awaiter(this, void 0, void 0, function* () {
-            try {
-                const data = Array.from(new Uint8Array(yield (0, promises_1.readFile)(path)));
-                const cart = new Cart_1.Cart();
-                cart.load(data);
-                this.cart = cart;
+            else {
+                this.rom.load(data);
             }
-            catch (error) {
-                console.error('Error reading file:', error);
+        };
+        this.loadCart = (data) => {
+            let dataArray;
+            if (data instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+                dataArray = Array.from(new Uint8Array(data));
+            }
+            else if (data instanceof Uint8Array) {
+                dataArray = Array.from(data);
+            }
+            else {
+                dataArray = data;
             }
-        });
+            const cart = new Cart_1.Cart();
+            cart.load(dataArray);
+            this.cart = cart;
+        };
         this.target = target;
         this.cpu = new CPU_1.CPU(this.read.bind(this), this.write.bind(this));
         this.ram = new RAM_1.RAM();
         this.rom = new ROM_1.ROM();
-        this.io5 = new SerialCard_1.SerialCard();
-        // Connect SerialCard IRQ/NMI to CPU
-        this.io5.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
-        this.io5.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
-        // Connect SerialCard transmit callback
-        this.io5.transmit = (data) => {
-            if (this.transmit) {
-                this.transmit(data);
-            }
-        };
-        // Always create standard GPIO attachments (for type stability)
-        this.keyboardMatrixAttachment = new GPIOKeyboardMatrixAttachment_1.GPIOKeyboardMatrixAttachment(10);
-        this.keyboardEncoderAttachment = new GPIOKeyboardEncoderAttachment_1.GPIOKeyboardEncoderAttachment(20);
-        this.joystickAttachmentA = new GPIOJoystickAttachment_1.GPIOJoystickAttachment(false, 100);
-        this.joystickAttachmentB = new GPIOJoystickAttachment_1.GPIOJoystickAttachment(false, 100);
+        this.io1 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+        this.io2 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+        this.io3 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+        this.io4 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+        this.io5 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+        this.io6 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+        this.io7 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+        this.io8 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+        this.configureTarget(target);
+        this.startTime = Date.now();
+        this.cpu.reset();
+    }
+    configureTarget(target) {
         if (target === 'kim') {
-            this.io1 = new EmptyCard_1.EmptyCard();
-            this.io2 = new EmptyCard_1.EmptyCard();
-            this.io3 = new EmptyCard_1.EmptyCard();
-            this.io4 = new EmptyCard_1.EmptyCard();
-            this.io6 = new EmptyCard_1.EmptyCard();
-            this.io7 = new EmptyCard_1.EmptyCard();
-            const gpioCard = new GPIOCard_1.GPIOCard();
-            this.io8 = gpioCard;
-            // Connect GPIOCard IRQ/NMI to CPU
-            gpioCard.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
-            gpioCard.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            const acia = new ACIA_1.ACIA();
+            this.io5 = acia;
+            // Connect ACIA IRQ/NMI to CPU
+            acia.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
+            acia.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            // Connect ACIA transmit callback
+            acia.transmit = (data) => {
+                if (this.transmit) {
+                    this.transmit(data);
+                }
+            };
+            this.io1 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io2 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io3 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io4 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io6 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io7 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            const via = new VIA_1.VIA();
+            this.io8 = via;
+            // Connect VIA IRQ/NMI to CPU
+            via.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
+            via.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
             // Create KIM GPIO Attachments
-            this.lcdAttachment = new GPIOLCDAttachment_1.GPIOLCDAttachment(16, 2, 10);
-            this.keypadAttachment = new GPIOKeypadAttachment_1.GPIOKeypadAttachment(true, 20);
+            this.lcdAttachment = new LCDAttachment_1.LCDAttachment(16, 2, 10);
+            this.keypadAttachment = new KeypadAttachment_1.KeypadAttachment(true, 20);
             // Attach LCD to Port A (control: RS/RW/E on bits 5-7) and Port B (data bus)
-            gpioCard.attachToPortA(this.lcdAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortB(this.lcdAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortA(this.lcdAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortB(this.lcdAttachment);
             // Attach keypad to Port A (bits 0-4)
-            gpioCard.attachToPortA(this.keypadAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortA(this.keypadAttachment);
         }
         else if (target === 'dev') {
-            const rtcCard = new RTCCard_1.RTCCard();
-            const storageCard = new StorageCard_1.StorageCard();
-            const gpioCard = new GPIOCard_1.GPIOCard();
-            this.io1 = new RAMCard_1.RAMCard();
-            this.io2 = new RAMCard_1.RAMCard();
-            this.io3 = rtcCard;
-            this.io4 = storageCard;
-            this.io6 = gpioCard;
-            this.io7 = new EmptyCard_1.EmptyCard();
-            this.io8 = new DevOutputBoard_1.DevOutputBoard();
-            // Connect RTCCard IRQ/NMI to CPU
-            rtcCard.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
-            rtcCard.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            const acia = new ACIA_1.ACIA();
+            this.io5 = acia;
+            // Connect ACIA IRQ/NMI to CPU
+            acia.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
+            acia.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            // Connect ACIA transmit callback
+            acia.transmit = (data) => {
+                if (this.transmit) {
+                    this.transmit(data);
+                }
+            };
+            const rtc = new RTC_1.RTC();
+            const storage = new Storage_1.Storage();
+            const via = new VIA_1.VIA();
+            this.io1 = new RAMBank_1.RAMBank();
+            this.io2 = new RAMBank_1.RAMBank();
+            this.io3 = rtc;
+            this.io4 = storage;
+            this.io6 = via;
+            this.io7 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io8 = new Terminal_1.Terminal();
+            // Connect RTC IRQ/NMI to CPU
+            rtc.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
+            rtc.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            // Create standard GPIO attachments
+            this.keyboardMatrixAttachment = new KeyboardMatrixAttachment_1.KeyboardMatrixAttachment(10);
+            this.keyboardEncoderAttachment = new KeyboardEncoderAttachment_1.KeyboardEncoderAttachment(20);
+            this.joystickAttachmentA = new JoystickAttachment_1.JoystickAttachment(false, 100);
+            this.joystickAttachmentB = new JoystickAttachment_1.JoystickAttachment(false, 100);
             // Attach peripherals to GPIO Card
-            gpioCard.attachToPortA(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortB(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortA(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortB(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortA(this.joystickAttachmentA);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortB(this.joystickAttachmentB);
+            via.attachToPortA(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortB(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortA(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortB(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortA(this.joystickAttachmentA);
+            via.attachToPortB(this.joystickAttachmentB);
         }
-        else {
-            // COB / VCS
-            const rtcCard = new RTCCard_1.RTCCard();
-            const storageCard = new StorageCard_1.StorageCard();
-            const gpioCard = new GPIOCard_1.GPIOCard();
-            const soundCard = new SoundCard_1.SoundCard();
-            const videoCard = new VideoCard_1.VideoCard();
-            this.io1 = new RAMCard_1.RAMCard();
-            this.io2 = new RAMCard_1.RAMCard();
-            this.io3 = rtcCard;
-            this.io4 = storageCard;
-            this.io6 = gpioCard;
-            this.io7 = soundCard;
-            this.io8 = videoCard;
-            // Connect RTCCard IRQ/NMI to CPU
-            rtcCard.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
-            rtcCard.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
-            // Connect VideoCard IRQ/NMI to CPU
-            videoCard.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
-            videoCard.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
-            // Connect SoundCard pushSamples callback
-            soundCard.pushSamples = (samples) => {
-                if (this.pushAudioSamples) {
-                    this.pushAudioSamples(samples);
+        else if (target === 'vcs') {
+            this.io5 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            const via = new VIA_1.VIA();
+            const sound = new Sound_1.Sound();
+            const video = new Video_1.Video();
+            this.io1 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io2 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io3 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io4 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io6 = via;
+            this.io7 = sound;
+            this.io8 = video;
+            // Connect Video IRQ/NMI to CPU
+            video.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
+            video.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            // Connect Sound pushSamples callback
+            sound.pushSamples = (samples) => {
+                if (this.play) {
+                    this.play(samples);
                 }
             };
+            // Create standard GPIO attachments
+            this.keyboardMatrixAttachment = new KeyboardMatrixAttachment_1.KeyboardMatrixAttachment(10);
+            this.keyboardEncoderAttachment = new KeyboardEncoderAttachment_1.KeyboardEncoderAttachment(20);
+            this.joystickAttachmentA = new JoystickAttachment_1.JoystickAttachment(false, 100);
+            this.joystickAttachmentB = new JoystickAttachment_1.JoystickAttachment(false, 100);
             // Attach peripherals to GPIO Card
-            gpioCard.attachToPortA(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortB(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortA(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortB(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortA(this.joystickAttachmentA);
-            gpioCard.attachToPortB(this.joystickAttachmentB);
+            via.attachToPortA(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortB(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortA(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortB(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
+            via.attachToPortA(this.joystickAttachmentA);
+            via.attachToPortB(this.joystickAttachmentB);
+        }
+        else if (target === 'cob') {
+            const acia = new ACIA_1.ACIA();
+            this.io5 = acia;
+            // Connect ACIA IRQ/NMI to CPU
+            acia.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
+            acia.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            // Connect ACIA transmit callback
+            acia.transmit = (data) => {
+                if (this.transmit) {
+                    this.transmit(data);
+                }
+            };
+            const rtc = new RTC_1.RTC();
+            const storage = new Storage_1.Storage();
+            const gpio = new VIA_1.VIA();
+            const sound = new Sound_1.Sound();
+            const video = new Video_1.Video();
+            this.io1 = new RAMBank_1.RAMBank();
+            this.io2 = new RAMBank_1.RAMBank();
+            this.io3 = rtc;
+            this.io4 = storage;
+            this.io6 = gpio;
+            this.io7 = sound;
+            this.io8 = video;
+            // Connect RTC IRQ/NMI to CPU
+            rtc.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
+            rtc.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            // Connect Video IRQ/NMI to CPU
+            video.raiseIRQ = () => this.cpu.irq();
+            video.raiseNMI = () => this.cpu.nmi();
+            // Connect Sound pushSamples callback
+            sound.pushSamples = (samples) => {
+                if (this.play) {
+                    this.play(samples);
+                }
+            };
+            // Create standard GPIO attachments
+            this.keyboardMatrixAttachment = new KeyboardMatrixAttachment_1.KeyboardMatrixAttachment(10);
+            this.keyboardEncoderAttachment = new KeyboardEncoderAttachment_1.KeyboardEncoderAttachment(20);
+            this.joystickAttachmentA = new JoystickAttachment_1.JoystickAttachment(false, 100);
+            this.joystickAttachmentB = new JoystickAttachment_1.JoystickAttachment(false, 100);
+            // Attach peripherals to GPIO Card
+            gpio.attachToPortA(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
+            gpio.attachToPortB(this.keyboardMatrixAttachment);
+            gpio.attachToPortA(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
+            gpio.attachToPortB(this.keyboardEncoderAttachment);
+            gpio.attachToPortA(this.joystickAttachmentA);
+            gpio.attachToPortB(this.joystickAttachmentB);
+        }
+        else {
+            this.io1 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io2 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io3 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io4 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io5 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io6 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io7 = new Empty_1.Empty();
+            this.io8 = new Empty_1.Empty();
         }
-        this.cpu.reset();
-    }
-    start() {
-        this.cpu.reset();
-        this.startTime = Date.now();
-        this.isRunning = true;
-        this.isAlive = true;
-        this.loop();
-    }
-    end() {
-        this.isRunning = false;
-        this.isAlive = false;
     }
     run() {
         this.isRunning = true;
+        this.loop();
     }
     stop() {
         this.isRunning = false;
+        if (this.loopHandle) {
+            if (typeof clearImmediate !== 'undefined') {
+                clearImmediate(this.loopHandle);
+            }
+            else {
+                clearTimeout(this.loopHandle);
+            }
+            this.loopHandle = undefined;
+        }
     }
     step() {
         // Step through one complete instruction
         const cyclesExecuted = this.cpu.step();
         // Tick IO cards for each cycle of the instruction
         for (let i = 0; i < cyclesExecuted; i++) {
-            // SerialCard must be cycle-accurate
+            // ACIA must be cycle-accurate
             this.io5.tick(this.frequency);
             this.ioCycleAccumulator++;
             if (this.ioCycleAccumulator >= this.ioTickInterval) {
-                // Skip ticking RAMCard IO1 and IO2 since they have no timing behavior
+                // Skip ticking RAMBank IO1 and IO2 since they have no timing behavior
                 this.io3.tick(this.frequency);
                 this.io4.tick(this.frequency);
                 this.io6.tick(this.frequency);
@@ -201,15 +277,27 @@ class Machine {
             }
         }
     }
+    reset(coldStart) {
+        this.cpu.reset();
+        this.ram.reset(coldStart);
+        this.io1.reset(coldStart);
+        this.io2.reset(coldStart);
+        this.io3.reset(coldStart);
+        this.io4.reset(coldStart);
+        this.io5.reset(coldStart);
+        this.io6.reset(coldStart);
+        this.io7.reset(coldStart);
+        this.io8.reset(coldStart);
+    }
     tick() {
         // Execute one CPU clock cycle
         this.cpu.tick();
-        // SerialCard must be cycle-accurate
+        // ACIA must be cycle-accurate
         this.io5.tick(this.frequency);
         // Tick other IO cards at intervals
         this.ioCycleAccumulator++;
         if (this.ioCycleAccumulator >= this.ioTickInterval) {
-            // Skip ticking RAMCard IO1 and IO2 since they have no timing behavior
+            // Skip ticking RAMBank IO1 and IO2 since they have no timing behavior
             this.io3.tick(this.frequency);
             this.io4.tick(this.frequency);
             this.io6.tick(this.frequency);
@@ -219,22 +307,25 @@ class Machine {
         }
     }
     onReceive(data) {
-        this.io5.onData(data); // Pass data to Serial card
+        if (this.target !== 'vcs') {
+            this.io5.onData(data); // Pass data to Serial card
+        }
     }
     onKeyDown(scancode) {
-        var _a;
+        var _a, _b, _c;
         if (this.target === 'kim') {
             (_a = this.keypadAttachment) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.updateKey(scancode, true);
         }
         else {
-            this.keyboardMatrixAttachment.updateKey(scancode, true);
-            this.keyboardEncoderAttachment.updateKey(scancode, true);
+            (_b = this.keyboardMatrixAttachment) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.updateKey(scancode, true);
+            (_c = this.keyboardEncoderAttachment) === null || _c === void 0 ? void 0 : _c.updateKey(scancode, true);
         }
     }
     onKeyUp(scancode) {
+        var _a, _b;
         if (this.target !== 'kim') {
-            this.keyboardMatrixAttachment.updateKey(scancode, false);
-            this.keyboardEncoderAttachment.updateKey(scancode, false);
+            (_a = this.keyboardMatrixAttachment) === null || _a === void 0 ? void 0 : _a.updateKey(scancode, false);
+            (_b = this.keyboardEncoderAttachment) === null || _b === void 0 ? void 0 : _b.updateKey(scancode, false);
         }
     }
     onJoystickA(buttons) {
@@ -250,9 +341,6 @@ class Machine {
     //
     loop() {
         var _a;
-        if (!this.isAlive) {
-            return;
-        }
         const now = performance.now();
         const elapsedMs = now - this.previousTime;
         this.previousTime = now;
@@ -267,11 +355,11 @@ class Machine {
             if (ticksToRun > 0) {
                 for (let i = 0; i < ticksToRun; i++) {
                     this.cpu.tick();
-                    // SerialCard must be cycle-accurate
+                    // ACIA must be cycle-accurate
                     this.io5.tick(this.frequency);
                     this.ioCycleAccumulator++;
                     if (this.ioCycleAccumulator >= this.ioTickInterval) {
-                        // Skip ticking RAMCard IO1 and IO2 since they have no timing behavior
+                        // Skip ticking RAMBank IO1 and IO2 since they have no timing behavior
                         this.io3.tick(this.frequency);
                         this.io4.tick(this.frequency);
                         this.io6.tick(this.frequency);
@@ -289,30 +377,25 @@ class Machine {
             this.frames += 1;
         }
         else if (this.render && (this.target === 'cob' || this.target === 'vcs')) {
-            const videoCard = this.io8;
-            if (videoCard.frameReady) {
-                videoCard.frameReady = false;
+            const Video = this.io8;
+            if (Video.frameReady) {
+                Video.frameReady = false;
                 this.render();
                 this.frames += 1;
             }
         }
-        setImmediate(() => this.loop());
+        if (this.isRunning) {
+            if (typeof setImmediate !== 'undefined') {
+                this.loopHandle = setImmediate(() => this.loop());
+            }
+            else {
+                this.loopHandle = setTimeout(() => this.loop(), 0);
+            }
+        }
     }
     //
     // Bus Operations
     //
-    reset(coldStart) {
-        this.cpu.reset();
-        this.ram.reset(coldStart);
-        this.io1.reset(coldStart);
-        this.io2.reset(coldStart);
-        this.io3.reset(coldStart);
-        this.io4.reset(coldStart);
-        this.io5.reset(coldStart);
-        this.io6.reset(coldStart);
-        this.io7.reset(coldStart);
-        this.io8.reset(coldStart);
-    }
     read(address) {
         switch (true) {
             case (this.cart && address >= Cart_1.Cart.CODE && address <= Cart_1.Cart.END):