@zh-xx/antu 0.9.0

package/examples/justification/fang-yuan-defense-excess.en.json

@@ -0,0 +1,636 @@
+{
+  "specVersion": 1,
+  "type": "justification",
+  "title": "The Fang Yuan case (fictional) · the reasoning on excessive defence",
+  "speaker": "Example Higher People's Court (appeal, fictional)",
+  "groups": [
+    {
+      "id": "g-1",
+      "label": "Issue 1: was the stabbing defensive?"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "g-2",
+      "label": "Issue 2: was it special defence?"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "g-3",
+      "label": "Issue 3: did it clearly exceed the necessary limit?"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "g-4",
+      "label": "Issue 4: which offence?"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "g-5",
+      "label": "Issue 5: sentence"
+    }
+  ],
+  "nodes": [
+    {
+      "id": "c-1",
+      "kind": "conclusion",
+      "label": "Excessive defence; guilty of intentional injury; four years' imprisonment",
+      "holds": "yes"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "c-2",
+      "kind": "conclusion",
+      "label": "Fang Yuan's stabbing was defensive",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "combine": "all",
+      "groupId": "g-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "n-1",
+      "kind": "norm",
+      "label": "Model Provision A(1): lawful defence needs five conditions together (the limit is issue 3)",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-3"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "e-1",
+      "kind": "element",
+      "label": "Cause: an unlawful attack exists",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "e-2",
+      "kind": "element",
+      "label": "Time: the attack is under way",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "e-3",
+      "kind": "element",
+      "label": "Target: the attacker himself",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "e-4",
+      "kind": "element",
+      "label": "Purpose: to stop the attack",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-1",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Jiang and others entered the reception room to press for payment and took Liang's and Fang's phones",
+      "date": "2032-04-14T21:53",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-2",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Jiang abused Liang, Fang and their family, flicked a cigarette end onto Liang's chest, pulled his trousers down and exposed himself, and took off Fang's shoe for Liang to smell",
+      "date": "2032-04-14",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-3",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Jiang slapped Fang's face; the others pulled Fang's hair and pressed his shoulders to keep him seated",
+      "date": "2032-04-14",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-4",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Zhong abused Liang and pushed her to the ground and stood on her arm",
+      "date": "2032-04-13",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-5",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Earlier, Zhong and Zheng had people camp in the Yuanhua Company shed and cook outside its office to press for payment",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-6",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "The police officer warned both sides not to fight, then left the room with his aides to look for the caller",
+      "date": "2032-04-14T22:22",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-7",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Fang and Liang tried to leave with the police; Jiang and others blocked them and forced Fang to sit",
+      "date": "2032-04-14",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-8",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Jiang and others gripped Fang's neck and pushed and pulled him to the south-east corner of the room",
+      "date": "2032-04-14",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-9",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Fang held a 12 cm fruit knife and warned Jiang and others to keep back; Jiang taunted him and came closer",
+      "date": "2032-04-14",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-10",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Fang stabbed Jiang in the abdomen, then Cheng in the chest, Yan in the abdomen and Meng in the back, one stab each",
+      "date": "2032-04-14",
+      "groupId": "g-1",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "c-3",
+      "kind": "conclusion",
+      "label": "It was special defence: no criminal liability",
+      "holds": "no",
+      "groupId": "g-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "n-2",
+      "kind": "norm",
+      "label": "Model Provision A(3): defence against violent crime gravely endangering the person (assault, murder, robbery, rape, kidnapping) is never excessive",
+      "groupId": "g-2",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-3"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "e-5",
+      "kind": "element",
+      "label": "A violent crime gravely endangering the person is under way",
+      "holds": "no",
+      "groupId": "g-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "j-1",
+      "kind": "judgement",
+      "label": "The acts were unlawful detention, insult and minor beating, not a violent crime gravely endangering the person",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-2",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "n-3",
+      "kind": "norm",
+      "label": "Model Provision A(2): defence that clearly exceeds the necessary limit and causes great harm carries liability",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-3"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "e-6",
+      "kind": "element",
+      "label": "Clearly exceeded the necessary limit, causing great harm",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-3"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "j-2",
+      "kind": "judgement",
+      "label": "The attack Fang faced was neither urgent nor serious",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "i-1",
+      "kind": "inference",
+      "label": "Jiang's side meant to pressure for payment and carried and used no weapon",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "i-2",
+      "kind": "inference",
+      "label": "When the police came in there was no fierce standoff or physical fight, and after the warning the other side did not fight",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "i-3",
+      "kind": "inference",
+      "label": "The police car's flashing lights were plainly visible, so Fang should have known the police had not left",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "i-4",
+      "kind": "inference",
+      "label": "Jiang and others taunted and crowded him but launched no violent attack",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-11",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "The police car in the yard had its lights flashing, visible through the glass of the reception room",
+      "date": "2032-04-14",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "j-3",
+      "kind": "judgement",
+      "label": "The means of defence and its consequences were too severe",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-12",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "The stabbing left one dead, two seriously and one slightly injured, one stabbed from behind; the aides returned at 22:26",
+      "date": "2032-04-14",
+      "groupId": "g-3",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-1"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "c-4",
+      "kind": "conclusion",
+      "label": "Intentional injury under excessive defence, not murder",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-4"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "n-4",
+      "kind": "norm",
+      "label": "Model Provision B: intentional injury causing death carries the heavier band of penalty",
+      "groupId": "g-4",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-4"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "i-5",
+      "kind": "inference",
+      "label": "The evidence does not show Fang sought or allowed death: one stab each, no repeat stabs, only those crowding him, aiming to leave",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-4",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "j-4",
+      "kind": "judgement",
+      "label": "Fang was indifferent to the excessive result of injury and death",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-4",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "c-5",
+      "kind": "conclusion",
+      "label": "Fang's sentence is reduced to four years",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-5"
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "n-5",
+      "kind": "norm",
+      "label": "Model Provision A(2): excessive defence shall receive a reduced or waived sentence",
+      "groupId": "g-5",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-3"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "f-13",
+      "kind": "fact",
+      "label": "Fang truthfully confessed the main crimes after arrest",
+      "groupId": "g-5",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "j-5",
+      "kind": "judgement",
+      "label": "The victims were gravely at fault in bringing about the incident",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-5",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "j-6",
+      "kind": "judgement",
+      "label": "The harm far outweighed the interest protected, and the other three took no part in insulting Liang",
+      "holds": "yes",
+      "groupId": "g-5",
+      "sourceIds": [
+        "s-2"
+      ]
+    }
+  ],
+  "links": [
+    {
+      "from": "n-1",
+      "to": "e-1",
+      "stance": "basis"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "e-1",
+      "to": "c-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "n-1",
+      "to": "e-2",
+      "stance": "basis"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "e-2",
+      "to": "c-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "n-1",
+      "to": "e-3",
+      "stance": "basis"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "e-3",
+      "to": "c-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "n-1",
+      "to": "e-4",
+      "stance": "basis"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "e-4",
+      "to": "c-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-1",
+      "to": "e-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-2",
+      "to": "e-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-3",
+      "to": "e-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-4",
+      "to": "e-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-5",
+      "to": "e-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-6",
+      "to": "e-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-7",
+      "to": "e-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-8",
+      "to": "e-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-10",
+      "to": "e-3"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-9",
+      "to": "e-4"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "c-2",
+      "to": "c-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "n-2",
+      "to": "e-5",
+      "stance": "basis"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "j-1",
+      "to": "e-5",
+      "stance": "against"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "e-5",
+      "to": "c-3"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "c-3",
+      "to": "c-1",
+      "stance": "against"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "n-3",
+      "to": "e-6",
+      "stance": "basis"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-6",
+      "to": "i-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-11",
+      "to": "i-3"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-9",
+      "to": "i-4"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "i-1",
+      "to": "j-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "i-2",
+      "to": "j-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "i-3",
+      "to": "j-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "i-4",
+      "to": "j-2"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "j-2",
+      "to": "e-6"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-9",
+      "to": "j-3"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-12",
+      "to": "j-3"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "j-3",
+      "to": "e-6"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "e-6",
+      "to": "c-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "n-4",
+      "to": "c-4",
+      "stance": "basis"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-10",
+      "to": "i-5"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "i-5",
+      "to": "c-4"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "j-4",
+      "to": "c-4"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "c-4",
+      "to": "c-1"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "n-5",
+      "to": "c-5",
+      "stance": "basis"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-13",
+      "to": "c-5"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-2",
+      "to": "j-5"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "f-5",
+      "to": "j-5"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "j-5",
+      "to": "c-5"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "j-6",
+      "to": "c-5",
+      "stance": "against",
+      "label": "limits how far the sentence is reduced"
+    },
+    {
+      "from": "c-5",
+      "to": "c-1"
+    }
+  ],
+  "sources": [
+    {
+      "id": "s-1",
+      "type": "case",
+      "name": "Fictional Case A · facts of the case",
+      "loc": {
+        "caseNo": "(2032) Shi Xing Zhong No. 1",
+        "court": "Example Higher People's Court"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "s-2",
+      "type": "case",
+      "name": "Fictional Case A · reasons for the judgment",
+      "loc": {
+        "caseNo": "(2032) Shi Xing Zhong No. 1",
+        "court": "Example Higher People's Court"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "s-3",
+      "type": "statute",
+      "name": "Model Provision A",
+      "loc": {
+        "lawName": "Model Act (fictional)",
+        "article": 1,
+        "version": "model edition"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "id": "s-4",
+      "type": "statute",
+      "name": "Model Provision B",
+      "loc": {
+        "lawName": "Model Act (fictional)",
+        "article": 2,
+        "version": "model edition"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}