@typeberry/lib 0.5.1-aff8b4f → 0.5.1-eb84786

package/packages/jam/transition/externalities/accumulate-externalities.test.js

@@ -0,0 +1,1612 @@
+import assert from "node:assert/strict";
+import { before, describe, it } from "node:test";
+import { tryAsCoreIndex, tryAsServiceGas, tryAsServiceId, tryAsTimeSlot, } from "#@typeberry/block";
+import { Bytes, BytesBlob } from "#@typeberry/bytes";
+import { asKnownSize, FixedSizeArray, HashDictionary } from "#@typeberry/collections";
+import { tinyChainSpec } from "#@typeberry/config";
+import { BANDERSNATCH_KEY_BYTES, BLS_KEY_BYTES, ED25519_KEY_BYTES } from "#@typeberry/crypto";
+import { Blake2b, HASH_SIZE } from "#@typeberry/hash";
+import { EjectError, ForgetPreimageError, NewServiceError, PartiallyUpdatedState, PendingTransfer, PreimageStatusKind, ProvidePreimageError, RequestPreimageError, TRANSFER_MEMO_BYTES, TransferError, UnprivilegedError, UpdatePrivilegesError, writeServiceIdAsLeBytes, } from "#@typeberry/jam-host-calls";
+import { tryAsU32, tryAsU64 } from "#@typeberry/numbers";
+import { AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE, InMemoryService, InMemoryState, LookupHistoryItem, PreimageItem, PrivilegedServices, ServiceAccountInfo, StorageItem, tryAsLookupHistorySlots, tryAsPerCore, UpdatePreimage, UpdateService, VALIDATOR_META_BYTES, ValidatorData, } from "#@typeberry/state";
+import { testState } from "#@typeberry/state/test.utils.js";
+import { asOpaqueType, Compatibility, deepEqual, GpVersion, OK, Result } from "#@typeberry/utils";
+import { AccumulateExternalities } from "./accumulate-externalities.js";
+let blake2b;
+before(async () => {
+    blake2b = await Blake2b.createHasher();
+});
+function partiallyUpdatedState() {
+    return new PartiallyUpdatedState(testState());
+}
+const INVALID_SERVICE_ID_ERROR = Compatibility.isGreaterOrEqual(GpVersion.V0_7_1)
+    ? "Either manager or delegator or registrar is not a valid service id."
+    : "Either manager or delegator is not a valid service id.";
+describe("PartialState.checkPreimageStatus", () => {
+    it("should check preimage status from state", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const preimageHash = Bytes.parseBytes("0xc16326432b5b3213dfd1609495e13c6b276cb474d679645337e5c2c09f19b53c", HASH_SIZE).asOpaque();
+        const status = partialState.checkPreimageStatus(preimageHash, tryAsU64(35));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(status, {
+            status: PreimageStatusKind.Available,
+            data: [0],
+        });
+    });
+    it("should return preimage status when its in updated state", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const preimageHash = Bytes.parseBytes("0xc16326432b5b3213dfd1609495e13c6b276cb474d679645337e5c2c09f19b53c", HASH_SIZE).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(35);
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+            lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(preimageHash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([])),
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        const status = partialState.checkPreimageStatus(preimageHash, length);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(status, {
+            status: PreimageStatusKind.Requested,
+        });
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.requestPreimage", () => {
+    it("should request a preimage and update service info", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(serviceId);
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const preimageHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xa).asOpaque();
+        const status = partialState.requestPreimage(preimageHash, tryAsU64(5));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(status, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+                        lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(preimageHash, tryAsU32(5), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([])),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map([
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                UpdateService.update({
+                    serviceInfo: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                        ...service.getInfo(),
+                        storageUtilisationBytes: tryAsU64(service.getInfo().storageUtilisationBytes + 5n + 81n),
+                        storageUtilisationCount: tryAsU32(service.getInfo().storageUtilisationCount + 2),
+                    }),
+                }),
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should request a preimage and update service info", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(serviceId);
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const preimageHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xa).asOpaque();
+        const status = partialState.requestPreimage(preimageHash, tryAsU64(5));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(status, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+                        lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(preimageHash, tryAsU32(5), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([])),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map([
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                UpdateService.update({
+                    serviceInfo: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                        ...service.getInfo(),
+                        storageUtilisationBytes: tryAsU64(service.getInfo().storageUtilisationBytes + 5n + 81n),
+                        storageUtilisationCount: tryAsU32(service.getInfo().storageUtilisationCount + 2),
+                    }),
+                }),
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should fail if preimage is already requested", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const preimageHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xa).asOpaque();
+        const status = partialState.requestPreimage(preimageHash, tryAsU64(5));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(status, Result.ok(OK));
+        const status2 = partialState.requestPreimage(preimageHash, tryAsU64(5));
+        deepEqual(status2, Result.error(RequestPreimageError.AlreadyRequested, () => "Preimage already requested: hash=0x0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a0a"));
+    });
+    it("should fail if preimage is already available", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const preimageHash = Bytes.parseBytes("0xc16326432b5b3213dfd1609495e13c6b276cb474d679645337e5c2c09f19b53c", HASH_SIZE).asOpaque();
+        const status = partialState.requestPreimage(preimageHash, tryAsU64(35));
+        deepEqual(status, Result.error(RequestPreimageError.AlreadyAvailable, () => "Preimage already available: hash=0xc16326432b5b3213dfd1609495e13c6b276cb474d679645337e5c2c09f19b53c"));
+    });
+    it("should fail if balance is insufficient", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const preimageHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xa).asOpaque();
+        const status = partialState.requestPreimage(preimageHash, tryAsU64(2n ** 34n - 1n));
+        deepEqual(status, Result.error(RequestPreimageError.InsufficientFunds, () => "Service balance (10000000000) below threshold (17179869696)"));
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.forgetPreimage", () => {
+    it("should error if preimage does not exist", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x01).asOpaque();
+        const result = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, tryAsU64(42));
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(ForgetPreimageError.NotFound, () => "Preimage not found: hash=0x0101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101010101, length=42"));
+    });
+    it("should error if preimage is already forgotten", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const hash = Bytes.parseBytes("0xc16326432b5b3213dfd1609495e13c6b276cb474d679645337e5c2c09f19b53c", HASH_SIZE).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(35);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(50));
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+            lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([tryAsTimeSlot(0), tryAsTimeSlot(1)])),
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        const result1 = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result1, Result.ok(OK));
+        state.state.applyUpdate(state.stateUpdate.services);
+        const result2 = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        deepEqual(result2, Result.error(ForgetPreimageError.NotFound, () => "Preimage not found: hash=0xc16326432b5b3213dfd1609495e13c6b276cb474d679645337e5c2c09f19b53c, length=35"));
+    });
+    it("should forget a requested preimage", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x03).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(42);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        partialState.requestPreimage(hash, length);
+        const result = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+                        lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([])),
+                    }),
+                    UpdatePreimage.remove({
+                        hash,
+                        length: tryAsU32(Number(length)),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should forget an unavailable preimage if it is old enough", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.applyUpdate({
+            timeslot: tryAsTimeSlot(100000),
+        });
+        const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x04).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(42);
+        const oldSlot = tryAsTimeSlot(0); // very old
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(50));
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+            lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([oldSlot, oldSlot])),
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        const result = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+                        lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([oldSlot, oldSlot])),
+                    }),
+                    UpdatePreimage.remove({
+                        hash,
+                        length: tryAsU32(Number(length)),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should not forget an unavailable preimage if it is recent", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.applyUpdate({
+            timeslot: tryAsTimeSlot(100),
+        });
+        const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x05).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(42);
+        const recentSlot = tryAsTimeSlot(90); // within expunge period
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+            lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([recentSlot])),
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        const result = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+    });
+    it("should update lookup history for available preimage", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.applyUpdate({
+            timeslot: tryAsTimeSlot(100),
+        });
+        const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x06).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(42);
+        const availableSlot = tryAsTimeSlot(80);
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(100));
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+            lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([availableSlot])),
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        const result = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+                        lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([availableSlot])),
+                    }),
+                    UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+                        lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([availableSlot, state.state.timeslot])),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should update history for reavailable preimage if old", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.applyUpdate({
+            timeslot: tryAsTimeSlot(100000),
+        });
+        const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x07).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(42);
+        const y = tryAsTimeSlot(0);
+        const z = tryAsTimeSlot(70);
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(100000));
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+            lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([tryAsTimeSlot(0), y, z])),
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        const result = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+                        lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([tryAsTimeSlot(0), y, z])),
+                    }),
+                    UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+                        lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([z, state.state.timeslot])),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should not forget reavailable preimage if too recent", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.applyUpdate({
+            timeslot: tryAsTimeSlot(100),
+        });
+        const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x08).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(42);
+        const y = tryAsTimeSlot(95); // too recent
+        const z = tryAsTimeSlot(70);
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(100));
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+            lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([tryAsTimeSlot(0), y, z])),
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        const result = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(ForgetPreimageError.NotExpired, () => "Preimage not expired: y=95, timeslot=100, period=32"));
+    });
+    it("should not forget unavailable preimage if too recent", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x08).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU64(42);
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(2));
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.updateOrAdd({
+            lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(hash, tryAsU32(Number(length)), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([tryAsTimeSlot(0), tryAsTimeSlot(1)])),
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        const result = partialState.forgetPreimage(hash, length);
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(ForgetPreimageError.NotExpired, () => "Preimage not expired: y=1, timeslot=2, period=32"));
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.newService", () => {
+    const itPost071 = Compatibility.isGreaterOrEqual(GpVersion.V0_7_1) ? it : it.skip;
+    it("should create a new service and update balance + next service ID", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const codeHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x11).asOpaque();
+        const codeLength = tryAsU32(100);
+        const codeLengthU64 = tryAsU64(codeLength);
+        const accumulateMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(10n);
+        const onTransferMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(20n);
+        const gratisStorage = tryAsU64(50);
+        const items = tryAsU32(2); // 2 * 1 + 0
+        const bytes = tryAsU64(81 + codeLength);
+        const thresholdForNew = ServiceAccountInfo.calculateThresholdBalance(items, bytes, gratisStorage);
+        const expectedBalance = tryAsU64(service.data.info.balance - thresholdForNew);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.newService(codeHash, codeLengthU64, accumulateMinGas, onTransferMinGas, gratisStorage, tryAsU64(2 ** 17));
+        // then
+        const expectedServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(expectedServiceId));
+        // Verify service updates
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(0),
+                UpdateService.update({
+                    serviceInfo: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                        ...service.data.info,
+                        balance: expectedBalance,
+                    }),
+                }),
+            ],
+            [
+                expectedServiceId,
+                UpdateService.create({
+                    serviceInfo: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                        codeHash,
+                        balance: thresholdForNew,
+                        accumulateMinGas,
+                        onTransferMinGas,
+                        storageUtilisationBytes: bytes,
+                        gratisStorage: gratisStorage,
+                        storageUtilisationCount: items,
+                        created: tryAsTimeSlot(16),
+                        lastAccumulation: tryAsTimeSlot(0),
+                        parentService: service.serviceId,
+                    }),
+                    lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(codeHash, codeLength, tryAsLookupHistorySlots([])),
+                }),
+            ],
+        ]));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.created, [expectedServiceId]);
+        // Verify next service ID bumped
+        if (Compatibility.isGreaterOrEqual(GpVersion.V0_7_1)) {
+            assert.deepStrictEqual(partialState.getNextNewServiceId(), tryAsServiceId(4294901556));
+        }
+        else {
+            assert.deepStrictEqual(partialState.getNextNewServiceId(), tryAsServiceId(4294966836));
+        }
+    });
+    itPost071("should create a new service with givent id and update balance + not changed next service ID", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const serviceId = 0;
+        // setting registrar privileges for our service
+        state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices = {
+            ...state.state.privilegedServices,
+            registrar: tryAsServiceId(serviceId),
+        };
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(serviceId));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(serviceId), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const codeHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x11).asOpaque();
+        const codeLength = tryAsU32(100);
+        const codeLengthU64 = tryAsU64(codeLength);
+        const accumulateMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(10n);
+        const onTransferMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(20n);
+        const gratisStorage = tryAsU64(50);
+        // selecting service id
+        const wantedServiceId = tryAsU64(42);
+        const items = tryAsU32(2); // 2 * 1 + 0
+        const bytes = tryAsU64(81 + codeLength);
+        const thresholdForNew = ServiceAccountInfo.calculateThresholdBalance(items, bytes, gratisStorage);
+        const expectedBalance = tryAsU64(service.data.info.balance - thresholdForNew);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.newService(codeHash, codeLengthU64, accumulateMinGas, onTransferMinGas, gratisStorage, wantedServiceId);
+        // then
+        const expectedServiceId = tryAsServiceId(42);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(expectedServiceId));
+        // Verify service updates
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(0),
+                UpdateService.update({
+                    serviceInfo: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                        ...service.data.info,
+                        balance: expectedBalance,
+                    }),
+                }),
+            ],
+            [
+                expectedServiceId,
+                UpdateService.create({
+                    serviceInfo: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                        codeHash,
+                        balance: thresholdForNew,
+                        accumulateMinGas,
+                        onTransferMinGas,
+                        storageUtilisationBytes: bytes,
+                        gratisStorage: gratisStorage,
+                        storageUtilisationCount: items,
+                        created: tryAsTimeSlot(16),
+                        lastAccumulation: tryAsTimeSlot(0),
+                        parentService: service.serviceId,
+                    }),
+                    lookupHistory: new LookupHistoryItem(codeHash, codeLength, tryAsLookupHistorySlots([])),
+                }),
+            ],
+        ]));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.created, [expectedServiceId]);
+        // Verify next service ID is not bumped
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(partialState.getNextNewServiceId(), tryAsServiceId(10));
+    });
+    it("should return an error if there are insufficient funds", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        const updatedService = new InMemoryService(service.serviceId, {
+            ...service.data,
+            info: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                ...service.data.info,
+                // lower the balance a bit
+                balance: tryAsU64(2 ** 24),
+            }),
+        });
+        state.state.services.set(tryAsServiceId(0), updatedService);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const codeHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x12).asOpaque();
+        // artificially large to exceed balance
+        const codeLength = tryAsU64(2 ** 32 + 1);
+        const accumulateMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(10n);
+        const onTransferMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(20n);
+        const gratisStorage = tryAsU64(1024);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.newService(codeHash, codeLength, accumulateMinGas, onTransferMinGas, gratisStorage, tryAsU64(0n));
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(NewServiceError.InsufficientFunds, () => "Insufficient funds: balance=16777216, required=4294966474, overflow=false"));
+        // Verify no side effects
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map());
+    });
+    it("should return an error if service is unprivileged to set gratis storage", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        // setting different service than our privileged manager
+        state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices = {
+            ...state.state.privilegedServices,
+            manager: tryAsServiceId(1),
+        };
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        const updatedService = new InMemoryService(service.serviceId, {
+            ...service.data,
+            info: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                ...service.data.info,
+                balance: tryAsU64(2 ** 32),
+            }),
+        });
+        state.state.services.set(tryAsServiceId(0), updatedService);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const codeHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x12).asOpaque();
+        const codeLength = tryAsU64(1024);
+        const accumulateMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(10n);
+        const onTransferMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(20n);
+        // setting gratisStorage
+        const gratisStorage = tryAsU64(1024);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.newService(codeHash, codeLength, accumulateMinGas, onTransferMinGas, gratisStorage, tryAsU64(0n));
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(NewServiceError.UnprivilegedService, () => "Service 0 not privileged to set gratis storage"));
+        // Verify no side effects
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map());
+    });
+    itPost071("should return an error if attempting to create new service with selected id that already exists", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const serviceId = 0;
+        // setting registrar privileges for our service
+        state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices = {
+            ...state.state.privilegedServices,
+            registrar: tryAsServiceId(serviceId),
+        };
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(serviceId));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const codeHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x11).asOpaque();
+        const codeLength = tryAsU32(100);
+        const codeLengthU64 = tryAsU64(codeLength);
+        const accumulateMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(10n);
+        const onTransferMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(20n);
+        const gratisStorage = tryAsU64(50);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.newService(codeHash, codeLengthU64, accumulateMinGas, onTransferMinGas, gratisStorage, tryAsU64(serviceId));
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(NewServiceError.RegistrarServiceIdAlreadyTaken, () => "Service ID 0 already taken"));
+        // Verify no side effects
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map());
+        // Verify next service ID is not bumped
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(partialState.getNextNewServiceId(), tryAsServiceId(10));
+    });
+    itPost071("should create a new service with random id if service is unprivileged to select new service id + next service id", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        // setting different service than our privileged registrar
+        state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices = {
+            ...state.state.privilegedServices,
+            registrar: tryAsServiceId(1),
+        };
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const codeHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x12).asOpaque();
+        const codeLength = tryAsU64(1024);
+        const accumulateMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(10n);
+        const onTransferMinGas = tryAsServiceGas(20n);
+        const gratisStorage = tryAsU64(1024);
+        // selecting service id
+        const serviceId = tryAsU64(42);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.newService(codeHash, codeLength, accumulateMinGas, onTransferMinGas, gratisStorage, serviceId);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(10));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(partialState.getNextNewServiceId(), tryAsServiceId(4294901556));
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.updateValidatorsData", () => {
+    it("should update validators data", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updateValidatorsData(asKnownSize([
+            ValidatorData.create({
+                bandersnatch: Bytes.fill(BANDERSNATCH_KEY_BYTES, 0x1).asOpaque(),
+                ed25519: Bytes.fill(ED25519_KEY_BYTES, 0x2).asOpaque(),
+                bls: Bytes.fill(BLS_KEY_BYTES, 0x3).asOpaque(),
+                metadata: Bytes.fill(VALIDATOR_META_BYTES, 0x4).asOpaque(),
+            }),
+        ]));
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.validatorsData?.length, 1);
+    });
+    it("should return error and not update validator set when service is unprivileged", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.privilegedServices = PrivilegedServices.create({
+            ...state.state.privilegedServices,
+            delegator: tryAsServiceId(1),
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updateValidatorsData(asKnownSize([
+            ValidatorData.create({
+                bandersnatch: Bytes.fill(BANDERSNATCH_KEY_BYTES, 0x1).asOpaque(),
+                ed25519: Bytes.fill(ED25519_KEY_BYTES, 0x2).asOpaque(),
+                bls: Bytes.fill(BLS_KEY_BYTES, 0x3).asOpaque(),
+                metadata: Bytes.fill(VALIDATOR_META_BYTES, 0x4).asOpaque(),
+            }),
+        ]));
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UnprivilegedError, () => "Service 0 is not delegator (expected: 1)"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.validatorsData, null);
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.checkpoint", () => {
+    it("should checkpoint the updates", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const preimageHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xa).asOpaque();
+        // put something into updated state
+        const status = partialState.requestPreimage(preimageHash, tryAsU64(5));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(status, Result.ok(OK));
+        // when
+        partialState.checkpoint();
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(partialState.getStateUpdates()[1], state.stateUpdate);
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.upgradeService", () => {
+    it("should update the service with new code hash and gas limits", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const codeHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xcd).asOpaque();
+        const gas = tryAsU64(1000n);
+        const allowance = tryAsU64(2000n);
+        // when
+        partialState.upgradeService(codeHash, gas, allowance);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(0),
+                UpdateService.update({
+                    serviceInfo: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                        ...service.getInfo(),
+                        codeHash,
+                        accumulateMinGas: tryAsServiceGas(gas),
+                        onTransferMinGas: tryAsServiceGas(allowance),
+                    }),
+                }),
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.updateAuthorizationQueue", () => {
+    const itPost071 = Compatibility.isGreaterOrEqual(GpVersion.V0_7_1) ? it : it.skip;
+    it("should update the authorization queue for a given core index", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const coreIndex = tryAsCoreIndex(0);
+        const assigners = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const queue = FixedSizeArray.new(Array.from({ length: AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE }, () => Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xee).asOpaque()), AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE);
+        // when
+        partialState.updateAuthorizationQueue(coreIndex, queue, assigners);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.authorizationQueues.get(coreIndex), queue);
+    });
+    itPost071("should return InvalidServiceId when given auth manager is invalid", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const coreIndex = tryAsCoreIndex(0);
+        const assigners = null;
+        const queue = FixedSizeArray.new(Array.from({ length: AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE }, () => Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xee).asOpaque()), AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updateAuthorizationQueue(coreIndex, queue, assigners);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.InvalidServiceId, () => "New auth manager is null for core 0"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.authorizationQueues.get(coreIndex), undefined);
+    });
+    it("should return UnprivilegedService when current service is not privileged", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.privilegedServices = PrivilegedServices.create({
+            ...state.state.privilegedServices,
+            assigners: asOpaqueType(FixedSizeArray.new([tryAsServiceId(1), tryAsServiceId(2)], tinyChainSpec.coresCount)),
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const coreIndex = tryAsCoreIndex(0);
+        const assigners = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const queue = FixedSizeArray.new(Array.from({ length: AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE }, () => Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xee).asOpaque()), AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updateAuthorizationQueue(coreIndex, queue, assigners);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.UnprivilegedService, () => "Service 0 not assigner for core 0 (expected: 1)"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.authorizationQueues.get(coreIndex), undefined);
+    });
+    it("should return UnprivilegedService before InvalidServiceId if given auth manager is incorrect, but current servis is also unprivileged", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.privilegedServices = PrivilegedServices.create({
+            ...state.state.privilegedServices,
+            assigners: asOpaqueType(FixedSizeArray.new([tryAsServiceId(1), tryAsServiceId(2)], tinyChainSpec.coresCount)),
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const coreIndex = tryAsCoreIndex(0);
+        const assigners = null;
+        const queue = FixedSizeArray.new(Array.from({ length: AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE }, () => Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xee).asOpaque()), AUTHORIZATION_QUEUE_SIZE);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updateAuthorizationQueue(coreIndex, queue, assigners);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.UnprivilegedService, () => "Service 0 not assigner for core 0 (expected: 1)"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.authorizationQueues.get(coreIndex), undefined);
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.updatePrivilegedServices", () => {
+    const [itPre071, itPost071] = Compatibility.isGreaterOrEqual(GpVersion.V0_7_1) ? [it.skip, it] : [it, it.skip];
+    it("should update privileged services", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const manager = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const assigners = tryAsPerCore(new Array(tinyChainSpec.coresCount).fill(tryAsServiceId(2)), tinyChainSpec);
+        const delegator = tryAsServiceId(3);
+        const registrar = tryAsServiceId(4);
+        const autoAccumulateServices = new Map([
+            [tryAsServiceId(4), tryAsServiceGas(10n)],
+            [tryAsServiceId(5), tryAsServiceGas(20n)],
+        ]);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updatePrivilegedServices(manager, assigners, delegator, registrar, autoAccumulateServices);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices, PrivilegedServices.create({
+            manager,
+            assigners,
+            delegator,
+            registrar,
+            autoAccumulateServices,
+        }));
+    });
+    itPre071("should return UnprivilegedError when current service is unprivileged", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.privilegedServices = { ...state.state.privilegedServices, manager: tryAsServiceId(1) };
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const manager = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const assigners = tryAsPerCore(new Array(tinyChainSpec.coresCount).fill(tryAsServiceId(2)), tinyChainSpec);
+        const delegator = tryAsServiceId(3);
+        const registrar = tryAsServiceId(4);
+        const autoAccumulate = new Map([
+            [tryAsServiceId(4), tryAsServiceGas(10n)],
+            [tryAsServiceId(5), tryAsServiceGas(20n)],
+        ]);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updatePrivilegedServices(manager, assigners, delegator, registrar, autoAccumulate);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.UnprivilegedService, () => "Service 0 is not manager"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices, null);
+    });
+    itPre071("should return UnprivilegedError when current service is unprivileged and manager is invalid service id", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.privilegedServices = { ...state.state.privilegedServices, manager: tryAsServiceId(1) };
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const manager = null;
+        const assigners = tryAsPerCore(new Array(tinyChainSpec.coresCount).fill(tryAsServiceId(2)), tinyChainSpec);
+        const delegator = tryAsServiceId(3);
+        const registrar = tryAsServiceId(4);
+        const autoAccumulate = new Map([
+            [tryAsServiceId(4), tryAsServiceGas(10n)],
+            [tryAsServiceId(5), tryAsServiceGas(20n)],
+        ]);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updatePrivilegedServices(manager, assigners, delegator, registrar, autoAccumulate);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.UnprivilegedService, () => "Service 0 is not manager"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices, null);
+    });
+    itPre071("should return UnprivilegedError when current service is unprivileged and validator is invalid service id", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.privilegedServices = { ...state.state.privilegedServices, manager: tryAsServiceId(1) };
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const manager = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const assigners = tryAsPerCore(new Array(tinyChainSpec.coresCount).fill(tryAsServiceId(2)), tinyChainSpec);
+        const delegator = null;
+        const registrar = tryAsServiceId(4);
+        const autoAccumulate = new Map([
+            [tryAsServiceId(4), tryAsServiceGas(10n)],
+            [tryAsServiceId(5), tryAsServiceGas(20n)],
+        ]);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updatePrivilegedServices(manager, assigners, delegator, registrar, autoAccumulate);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.UnprivilegedService, () => "Service 0 is not manager"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices, null);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidService when given manager is invalid service id", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const manager = null;
+        const assigners = tryAsPerCore(new Array(tinyChainSpec.coresCount).fill(tryAsServiceId(2)), tinyChainSpec);
+        const delegator = tryAsServiceId(3);
+        const registrar = tryAsServiceId(4);
+        const autoAccumulate = new Map([
+            [tryAsServiceId(4), tryAsServiceGas(10n)],
+            [tryAsServiceId(5), tryAsServiceGas(20n)],
+        ]);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updatePrivilegedServices(manager, assigners, delegator, registrar, autoAccumulate);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.InvalidServiceId, () => INVALID_SERVICE_ID_ERROR));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices, null);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidService when given validator is invalid service id", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const manager = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const assigners = tryAsPerCore(new Array(tinyChainSpec.coresCount).fill(tryAsServiceId(2)), tinyChainSpec);
+        const delegator = null;
+        const registrar = tryAsServiceId(4);
+        const autoAccumulate = new Map([
+            [tryAsServiceId(4), tryAsServiceGas(10n)],
+            [tryAsServiceId(5), tryAsServiceGas(20n)],
+        ]);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updatePrivilegedServices(manager, assigners, delegator, registrar, autoAccumulate);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.InvalidServiceId, () => INVALID_SERVICE_ID_ERROR));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices, null);
+    });
+    itPost071("should return InvalidService when given registrar is invalid service id", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const manager = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const assigners = tryAsPerCore(new Array(tinyChainSpec.coresCount).fill(tryAsServiceId(2)), tinyChainSpec);
+        const delegator = tryAsServiceId(3);
+        const registrar = null;
+        const autoAccumulate = new Map([
+            [tryAsServiceId(4), tryAsServiceGas(10n)],
+            [tryAsServiceId(5), tryAsServiceGas(20n)],
+        ]);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.updatePrivilegedServices(manager, assigners, delegator, registrar, autoAccumulate);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(UpdatePrivilegesError.InvalidServiceId, () => INVALID_SERVICE_ID_ERROR));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.privilegedServices, null);
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.transfer", () => {
+    const partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService = () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        state.state.services.set(tryAsServiceId(1), new InMemoryService(tryAsServiceId(1), {
+            info: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                ...service.data.info,
+                onTransferMinGas: tryAsServiceGas(1000),
+            }),
+            preimages: HashDictionary.new(),
+            lookupHistory: HashDictionary.new(),
+            storage: new Map(),
+        }));
+        return {
+            state,
+            service,
+        };
+    };
+    it("should perform a successful transfer", () => {
+        const { state, service } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const destinationId = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const amount = tryAsU64(500n);
+        const gas = tryAsServiceGas(1000n);
+        const memo = Bytes.fill(TRANSFER_MEMO_BYTES, 0xaa);
+        const newBalance = service.data.info.balance - amount;
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.transfer(destinationId, amount, gas, memo);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.transfers, [
+            PendingTransfer.create({
+                source: tryAsServiceId(0),
+                destination: destinationId,
+                amount,
+                memo,
+                gas,
+            }),
+        ]);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.updated, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(0),
+                UpdateService.update({
+                    serviceInfo: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                        ...service.data.info,
+                        balance: tryAsU64(newBalance),
+                    }),
+                }),
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should return DestinationNotFound error if destination doesnt exist", () => {
+        const { state } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const amount = tryAsU64(100n);
+        const gas = tryAsServiceGas(1000n);
+        const memo = Bytes.fill(TRANSFER_MEMO_BYTES, 0xbb);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.transfer(tryAsServiceId(4), amount, gas, memo);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(TransferError.DestinationNotFound, () => "Destination service not found: 4"));
+    });
+    it("should return GasTooLow error if gas is below destination's minimum", () => {
+        const { state } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const destinationId = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const amount = tryAsU64(100n);
+        const gas = tryAsServiceGas(999n); // too low
+        const memo = Bytes.fill(TRANSFER_MEMO_BYTES, 0xcc);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.transfer(destinationId, amount, gas, memo);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(TransferError.GasTooLow, () => "Gas 999 below minimum 1000"));
+    });
+    it("should return BalanceBelowThreshold error if balance would fall too low", () => {
+        const { state } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const destinationId = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const amount = tryAsU64(9999999999n); // dangerously high
+        const gas = tryAsServiceGas(1000n);
+        const memo = Bytes.fill(TRANSFER_MEMO_BYTES, 0xdd);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.transfer(destinationId, amount, gas, memo);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(TransferError.BalanceBelowThreshold, () => "Balance 1 below threshold 412"));
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.yield", () => {
+    it("should yield root", () => {
+        const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const expectedYieldedRoot = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xef);
+        // when
+        partialState.yield(Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xef));
+        // then
+        deepEqual(state.stateUpdate.yieldedRoot, expectedYieldedRoot);
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.providePreimage", () => {
+    const partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService = ({ requested = false, available = false, self = false, } = {}) => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const maybeService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (maybeService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Invalid service!");
+        }
+        const service = maybeService;
+        const preimageBlob = BytesBlob.blobFromNumbers([0xaa, 0xbb, 0xcc, 0xdd]);
+        const preimage = PreimageItem.create({
+            hash: blake2b.hashBytes(preimageBlob).asOpaque(),
+            blob: preimageBlob,
+        });
+        const preimages = HashDictionary.fromEntries(available ? [[preimage.hash, preimage]] : []);
+        const lookupHistory = HashDictionary.fromEntries(requested
+            ? [
+                [
+                    preimage.hash,
+                    [new LookupHistoryItem(preimage.hash, tryAsU32(preimage.blob.length), tryAsLookupHistorySlots([]))],
+                ],
+            ]
+            : []);
+        if (self) {
+            // we need to replace the existing service
+            state.state.services.set(service.serviceId, new InMemoryService(service.serviceId, {
+                ...service.data,
+                preimages,
+                lookupHistory,
+            }));
+        }
+        const secondService = new InMemoryService(tryAsServiceId(1), {
+            info: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                ...service.data.info,
+                onTransferMinGas: tryAsServiceGas(1000),
+            }),
+            preimages: self ? HashDictionary.new() : preimages,
+            lookupHistory: self ? HashDictionary.new() : lookupHistory,
+            storage: new Map(),
+        });
+        state.state.services.set(secondService.serviceId, secondService);
+        return {
+            state,
+            preimage,
+        };
+    };
+    it("should provide a preimage for other service", () => {
+        const { state, preimage } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService({
+            self: false,
+            requested: true,
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.size, 0);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(0),
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.provide({
+                        preimage: PreimageItem.create({
+                            hash: preimage.hash,
+                            blob: preimage.blob,
+                        }),
+                        slot: state.state.timeslot,
+                        providedFor: serviceId,
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(1),
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.provide({
+                        preimage: PreimageItem.create({
+                            hash: preimage.hash,
+                            blob: preimage.blob,
+                        }),
+                        slot: state.state.timeslot,
+                        providedFor: serviceId,
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should provide a preimage for itself", () => {
+        const { state, preimage } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService({ self: true, requested: true });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.size, 0);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(0),
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.provide({
+                        preimage: PreimageItem.create({
+                            hash: preimage.hash,
+                            blob: preimage.blob,
+                        }),
+                        slot: state.state.timeslot,
+                        providedFor: tryAsServiceId(0),
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should return error if preimage was not requested", () => {
+        const { state, preimage } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService({
+            self: false,
+            requested: false,
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.size, 0);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(ProvidePreimageError.WasNotRequested, () => "Preimage was not requested: hash=0xe58b8e8cb80789549d264af831d0433975a8415b794e3622f2415127caa2aa25, service=1"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.size, 0);
+    });
+    it("should return error if preimage is requested and already available for other service", () => {
+        const { state, preimage } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService({
+            self: false,
+            requested: true,
+            available: true,
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const updates = state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.get(serviceId) ?? [];
+        updates.push(UpdatePreimage.provide({
+            preimage: PreimageItem.create({
+                hash: preimage.hash,
+                blob: preimage.blob,
+            }),
+            slot: state.state.timeslot,
+            providedFor: serviceId,
+        }));
+        state.stateUpdate.services.preimages.set(serviceId, updates);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(ProvidePreimageError.WasNotRequested, () => "Preimage was not requested: hash=0xe58b8e8cb80789549d264af831d0433975a8415b794e3622f2415127caa2aa25, service=1"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(1),
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.provide({
+                        preimage: PreimageItem.create({
+                            hash: preimage.hash,
+                            blob: preimage.blob,
+                        }),
+                        slot: state.state.timeslot,
+                        providedFor: serviceId,
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should return error if preimage is requested and already provided for self", () => {
+        const { state, preimage } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService({
+            self: true,
+            requested: true,
+            available: true,
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(ProvidePreimageError.AlreadyProvided, () => "Preimage already provided: hash=0xe58b8e8cb80789549d264af831d0433975a8415b794e3622f2415127caa2aa25, service=0"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map());
+    });
+    it("should return ok and then error if preimage is provided twice for self", () => {
+        const { state, preimage } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService({
+            self: true,
+            requested: true,
+            available: false,
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map());
+        // when
+        const resultok = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        const resulterr = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(resultok, Result.ok(OK));
+        deepEqual(resulterr, Result.error(ProvidePreimageError.WasNotRequested, () => "Preimage was not requested: hash=0xe58b8e8cb80789549d264af831d0433975a8415b794e3622f2415127caa2aa25, service=0"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(0),
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.provide({
+                        preimage: PreimageItem.create({
+                            hash: preimage.hash,
+                            blob: preimage.blob,
+                        }),
+                        slot: state.state.timeslot,
+                        providedFor: serviceId,
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+    it("should return ok and then error if preimage is provided twice for other", () => {
+        const { state, preimage } = partiallyUpdatedStateWithSecondService({
+            self: false,
+            requested: true,
+            available: false,
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map());
+        // when
+        const resultok = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        const resulterr = partialState.providePreimage(serviceId, preimage.blob);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(resultok, Result.ok(OK));
+        deepEqual(resulterr, Result.error(ProvidePreimageError.WasNotRequested, () => "Preimage was not requested: hash=0xe58b8e8cb80789549d264af831d0433975a8415b794e3622f2415127caa2aa25, service=1"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([
+            [
+                tryAsServiceId(0),
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.provide({
+                        preimage: PreimageItem.create({
+                            hash: preimage.hash,
+                            blob: preimage.blob,
+                        }),
+                        slot: state.state.timeslot,
+                        providedFor: serviceId,
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+            [
+                serviceId,
+                [
+                    UpdatePreimage.provide({
+                        preimage: PreimageItem.create({
+                            hash: preimage.hash,
+                            blob: preimage.blob,
+                        }),
+                        slot: state.state.timeslot,
+                        providedFor: serviceId,
+                    }),
+                ],
+            ],
+        ]));
+    });
+});
+describe("PartialState.eject", () => {
+    function setupEjectableService(stateUpdate, overrides = {}) {
+        const destinationId = tryAsServiceId(1);
+        const baseService = stateUpdate.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (baseService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("Missing required service!");
+        }
+        const codeHash = overrides.codeHash ??
+            (() => {
+                const expected = Bytes.zero(HASH_SIZE).asOpaque();
+                writeServiceIdAsLeBytes(tryAsServiceId(0), expected.raw);
+                return expected;
+            })();
+        const storageUtilisationCount = overrides.storageUtilisationCount ?? tryAsU32(2);
+        const storageUtilisationBytes = overrides.storageUtilisationBytes ?? tryAsU64(81 + (overrides.tombstone?.length ?? 0));
+        let preimages = HashDictionary.new();
+        let lookupHistory = HashDictionary.new();
+        if (overrides.tombstone !== undefined) {
+            const { hash, length, slots } = overrides.tombstone;
+            const item = new LookupHistoryItem(hash, length, slots);
+            lookupHistory = HashDictionary.fromEntries([[hash, [item]]]);
+            if (item.slots.length === 1 || item.slots.length === 2) {
+                preimages = HashDictionary.fromEntries([
+                    [
+                        hash,
+                        PreimageItem.create({
+                            hash,
+                            blob: BytesBlob.blobFrom(new Uint8Array(length)),
+                        }),
+                    ],
+                ]);
+            }
+        }
+        const destinationService = new InMemoryService(destinationId, {
+            info: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                ...baseService.data.info,
+                codeHash,
+                storageUtilisationCount,
+                storageUtilisationBytes,
+            }),
+            preimages,
+            lookupHistory,
+            storage: new Map(),
+        });
+        stateUpdate.services.set(destinationId, destinationService);
+        return destinationId;
+    }
+    it("should return InvalidService if destination is null", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xef).asOpaque();
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(null, tombstone);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidService, () => "Service missing"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, []);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidService if destination service does not exist", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        const nonExistentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(99); // not present in stateUpdate
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xee).asOpaque();
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(nonExistentServiceId, tombstone);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidService, () => "Service missing"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, []);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidService if destination service is already ejected", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.applyUpdate({
+            timeslot: tryAsTimeSlot(1_000_000),
+        });
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xe8).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU32(100);
+        const destinationId = setupEjectableService(state.state, {
+            tombstone: {
+                hash: tombstone,
+                length,
+                slots: tryAsLookupHistorySlots([0, 1].map((x) => tryAsTimeSlot(x))),
+            },
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(50));
+        // when
+        const correctEjectResult = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone); // correct eject
+        assert.strictEqual(correctEjectResult.isOk, true);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, [destinationId]);
+        const incorrectResult = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone); // incorrect eject
+        // then
+        deepEqual(incorrectResult, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidService, () => "Service missing"));
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidService if destination service codeHash does not match expected pattern", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const destinationId = setupEjectableService(state.state, {
+            codeHash: Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0x99).asOpaque(), // wrong codeHash
+        });
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xec).asOpaque();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidService, () => "Invalid code hash"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, []);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidPreimage if storageUtilisationCount is not equal to required value", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const destinationId = setupEjectableService(state.state, {
+            storageUtilisationCount: tryAsU32(2 + 1), // off by 1
+        });
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xeb).asOpaque();
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidPreimage, () => "Too many storage items"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, []);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidPreimage if the tombstone preimage is missing", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xea).asOpaque();
+        // destination service has valid codeHash and config, but no preimage or lookup history
+        const destinationId = setupEjectableService(state.state);
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidPreimage, () => "Previous code available: wrong status: null"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, []);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidPreimage if tombstone preimage exists but has wrong status", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xe9).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU32(100);
+        const destinationId = setupEjectableService(state.state, {
+            tombstone: {
+                hash: tombstone,
+                length,
+                // available
+                slots: tryAsLookupHistorySlots([1].map((x) => tryAsTimeSlot(x))),
+            },
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidPreimage, () => "Previous code available: wrong status: Available"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, []);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidPreimage if tombstone preimage exists but is not expired", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xe9).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU32(13);
+        const destinationId = setupEjectableService(state.state, {
+            tombstone: {
+                hash: tombstone,
+                length,
+                // unavailable
+                slots: tryAsLookupHistorySlots([1, 11].map((x) => tryAsTimeSlot(x))),
+            },
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(17));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidPreimage, () => "Previous code available: not expired"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, []);
+    });
+    it("should return InvalidService if summing balances would overflow", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.applyUpdate({
+            timeslot: tryAsTimeSlot(1_000_000),
+        });
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xe8).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU32(100);
+        const destinationId = setupEjectableService(state.state, {
+            tombstone: {
+                hash: tombstone,
+                length,
+                slots: tryAsLookupHistorySlots([0, 1].map((x) => tryAsTimeSlot(x))),
+            },
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(50));
+        // set the balance to overflow
+        const currentService = state.state.services.get(tryAsServiceId(0));
+        if (currentService === undefined) {
+            throw new Error("missing required service!");
+        }
+        state.updateServiceInfo(tryAsServiceId(0), ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+            ...currentService.data.info,
+            balance: tryAsU64(2n ** 64n - 1n),
+        }));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone);
+        // then
+        deepEqual(result, Result.error(EjectError.InvalidService, () => "Balance overflow"));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, []);
+    });
+    it("should return OK", () => {
+        const state = partiallyUpdatedState();
+        state.state.applyUpdate({
+            timeslot: tryAsTimeSlot(1_000_000),
+        });
+        const tombstone = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 0xe8).asOpaque();
+        const length = tryAsU32(100);
+        const destinationId = setupEjectableService(state.state, {
+            tombstone: {
+                hash: tombstone,
+                length,
+                slots: tryAsLookupHistorySlots([0, 1].map((x) => tryAsTimeSlot(x))),
+            },
+        });
+        const partialState = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, tryAsServiceId(0), tryAsServiceId(10), tryAsTimeSlot(50));
+        // when
+        const result = partialState.eject(destinationId, tombstone);
+        // then
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(result, Result.ok(OK));
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.removed, [destinationId]);
+        assert.deepStrictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.preimages, new Map([[destinationId, [UpdatePreimage.remove({ hash: tombstone, length: length })]]]));
+    });
+});
+describe("AccumulateServiceExternalities", () => {
+    const prepareState = (serviceArray = []) => {
+        const services = new Map();
+        for (const service of serviceArray) {
+            services.set(service.serviceId, service);
+        }
+        const state = InMemoryState.empty(tinyChainSpec);
+        state.services = services;
+        return new PartiallyUpdatedState(state);
+    };
+    const prepareService = (serviceId, { storage, preimages, info, } = {}) => {
+        const initialStorage = storage ?? new Map();
+        const storageUtilisationBytes = Array.from(initialStorage.values()).reduce((sum, item) => sum + (item?.value.length ?? 0), 0);
+        return new InMemoryService(serviceId, {
+            info: ServiceAccountInfo.create({
+                balance: tryAsU64(2 ** 32),
+                accumulateMinGas: tryAsServiceGas(1000),
+                storageUtilisationBytes: tryAsU64(storageUtilisationBytes),
+                storageUtilisationCount: tryAsU32(initialStorage.size),
+                codeHash: Bytes.zero(HASH_SIZE).asOpaque(),
+                onTransferMinGas: tryAsServiceGas(1000),
+                gratisStorage: tryAsU64(1024),
+                created: tryAsTimeSlot(10),
+                lastAccumulation: tryAsTimeSlot(15),
+                parentService: tryAsServiceId(1),
+                ...info,
+            }),
+            storage: initialStorage,
+            preimages: preimages ?? HashDictionary.new(),
+            lookupHistory: HashDictionary.new(),
+        });
+    };
+    const preparePreimages = (preimageArray) => {
+        const preimages = HashDictionary.new();
+        for (const [hash, blob] of preimageArray) {
+            const item = PreimageItem.create({ hash, blob });
+            preimages.set(hash, item);
+        }
+        return preimages;
+    };
+    describe("getInfo", () => {
+        it("should return null when serviceId is null", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const serviceId = null;
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId)]);
+            const expectedServiceInfo = null;
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const serviceInfo = accumulateServiceExternalities.getServiceInfo(serviceId);
+            assert.strictEqual(serviceInfo, expectedServiceInfo);
+        });
+        it("should return null when serviceId is incorrect", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(5);
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId)]);
+            const expectedServiceInfo = null;
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const serviceInfo = accumulateServiceExternalities.getServiceInfo(serviceId);
+            assert.strictEqual(serviceInfo, expectedServiceInfo);
+        });
+        it("should return correct service info", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(5);
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId), prepareService(serviceId)]);
+            const expectedServiceInfo = prepareService(serviceId).getInfo();
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const serviceInfo = accumulateServiceExternalities.getServiceInfo(serviceId);
+            assert.deepStrictEqual(serviceInfo, expectedServiceInfo);
+        });
+    });
+    describe("lookup", () => {
+        it("should return null when serviceId is null", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const serviceId = null;
+            const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 1).asOpaque();
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId)]);
+            const expectedResult = null;
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const result = accumulateServiceExternalities.lookup(serviceId, hash);
+            assert.strictEqual(result, expectedResult);
+        });
+        it("should return null when service does not exist", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+            const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 1).asOpaque();
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId)]);
+            const expectedResult = null;
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const result = accumulateServiceExternalities.lookup(serviceId, hash);
+            assert.strictEqual(result, expectedResult);
+        });
+        it("should return null when preimage does not exists", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const requestedHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 1).asOpaque();
+            const otherHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 2).asOpaque();
+            const preimages = preparePreimages([[otherHash, BytesBlob.empty()]]);
+            const service = prepareService(currentServiceId, { preimages });
+            const state = prepareState([service]);
+            const expectedResult = null;
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const result = accumulateServiceExternalities.lookup(currentServiceId, requestedHash);
+            assert.strictEqual(result, expectedResult);
+        });
+        it("should return return a correct preimage", () => {
+            const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(0);
+            const expectedResult = BytesBlob.empty();
+            const requestedHash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 1).asOpaque();
+            const preimages = preparePreimages([[requestedHash, expectedResult]]);
+            const service = prepareService(serviceId, { preimages });
+            const state = prepareState([service]);
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, serviceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const result = accumulateServiceExternalities.lookup(serviceId, requestedHash);
+            assert.deepStrictEqual(result, expectedResult);
+        });
+    });
+    describe("read / write", () => {
+        it("should return null when serviceId is null ", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const serviceId = null;
+            const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 1).asOpaque();
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId)]);
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const result = accumulateServiceExternalities.read(serviceId, hash);
+            assert.strictEqual(result, null);
+        });
+        it("should return null when service does not exist ", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(33);
+            const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 1).asOpaque();
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId)]);
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const result = accumulateServiceExternalities.read(serviceId, hash);
+            assert.strictEqual(result, null);
+        });
+        it("should correctly read from storage", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const serviceId = tryAsServiceId(33);
+            const key = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 1).asOpaque();
+            const initialStorage = new Map();
+            const value = BytesBlob.empty();
+            initialStorage.set(key.toString(), StorageItem.create({
+                key,
+                value,
+            }));
+            const service = prepareService(serviceId, { storage: initialStorage });
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId), service]);
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            const result = accumulateServiceExternalities.read(serviceId, key);
+            assert.strictEqual(result, value);
+        });
+        it("should correctly write to storage", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const hash = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 1).asOpaque();
+            const blob = BytesBlob.empty();
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId)]);
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            assert.strictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.storage.size, 0);
+            accumulateServiceExternalities.write(hash, blob);
+            assert.strictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.storage.size, 1);
+        });
+        it("should return new value if there was a write", () => {
+            const currentServiceId = tryAsServiceId(10_000);
+            const key = Bytes.fill(HASH_SIZE, 2).asOpaque();
+            const initialStorage = new Map();
+            const value = BytesBlob.empty();
+            const newBlob = BytesBlob.parseBlob("0x11111111");
+            initialStorage.set(key.toString(), StorageItem.create({ key, value }));
+            const state = prepareState([prepareService(currentServiceId, { storage: initialStorage })]);
+            const accumulateServiceExternalities = new AccumulateExternalities(tinyChainSpec, blake2b, state, currentServiceId, tryAsServiceId(42), tryAsTimeSlot(16));
+            accumulateServiceExternalities.write(key, newBlob);
+            assert.strictEqual(state.stateUpdate.services.storage.size, 1);
+            const result = accumulateServiceExternalities.read(currentServiceId, key);
+            assert.deepStrictEqual(result, newBlob);
+        });
+    });
+});