@thomasfosterau/effect-rdf 0.0.0 → 0.1.0

package/src/rdfxml/Xml.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+/**
+ * A small, namespace-aware, non-validating XML 1.0 parser producing an
+ * immutable document tree, plus Exclusive XML Canonicalization (with
+ * comments) of element content.
+ *
+ * Supported: the XML declaration, a document type declaration whose internal
+ * subset may declare general entities and attribute defaults, elements,
+ * attributes (with attribute-value normalisation), Namespaces in XML 1.0,
+ * CDATA sections, comments, processing instructions, and character and
+ * entity references. External entities and parameter entities are not
+ * loaded (they are reported as errors when referenced).
+ *
+ * The parser is a compiled `@thomasfosterau/effect-parse` grammar; it is
+ * pure and synchronous internally, and the public `parse` API returns an
+ * `Effect` failing with `XmlParseError`. It is safe on hostile input:
+ * entity replacement text may add at most 1,000,000 characters to a
+ * document, entity references nest at most 64 deep and elements at most
+ * 1,024 deep, and the time it takes grows with the text it expands.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ */
+import * as Arr from 'effect/Array';
+import * as Effect from 'effect/Effect';
+import * as HashMap from 'effect/HashMap';
+import * as Match from 'effect/Match';
+import * as Option from 'effect/Option';
+import * as Order from 'effect/Order';
+import type * as Ordering from 'effect/Ordering';
+import * as Result from 'effect/Result';
+import * as Schema from 'effect/Schema';
+import * as Chars from './internal/chars.ts';
+import * as Internal from './internal/parser.ts';
+
+/**
+ * The XML namespace, bound to the `xml` prefix.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category constants
+ */
+export const XML_NAMESPACE = 'http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace';
+
+/**
+ * The namespace of namespace declarations (`xmlns`).
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category constants
+ */
+export const XMLNS_NAMESPACE = 'http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/';
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Model
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * A position in the (line-end normalised) input. Lines and columns are
+ * 1-based; the column counts UTF-16 code units.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface Position {
+  readonly offset: number;
+  readonly line: number;
+  readonly column: number;
+}
+
+/**
+ * An attribute with its namespace-resolved name and normalised value.
+ * Namespace declarations are not attributes; see
+ * `Element.namespaceDeclarations`.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface Attribute {
+  readonly _tag: 'Attribute';
+  /** The qualified name as written. */
+  readonly name: string;
+  /** The prefix, or `""` for unprefixed attributes. */
+  readonly prefix: string;
+  readonly localName: string;
+  /** The namespace name; unprefixed attributes have no namespace. */
+  readonly namespace: string | undefined;
+  readonly value: string;
+  /** Whether the attribute was supplied by an `<!ATTLIST>` default. */
+  readonly defaulted: boolean;
+  readonly position: Position;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A namespace declaration (`xmlns="…"` or `xmlns:p="…"`).
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface NamespaceDeclaration {
+  /** The declared prefix, or `""` for the default namespace. */
+  readonly prefix: string;
+  /** The namespace name (`""` undeclares the default namespace). */
+  readonly namespace: string;
+}
+
+/**
+ * An element.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface Element {
+  readonly _tag: 'Element';
+  /** The qualified name as written. */
+  readonly name: string;
+  /** The prefix, or `""` for unprefixed elements. */
+  readonly prefix: string;
+  readonly localName: string;
+  /** The namespace name, or `undefined` when the element is in no namespace. */
+  readonly namespace: string | undefined;
+  readonly attributes: ReadonlyArray<Attribute>;
+  readonly namespaceDeclarations: ReadonlyArray<NamespaceDeclaration>;
+  /**
+   * All namespace bindings in scope (prefix → namespace, `""` for the
+   * default namespace). The implicit `xml` binding is not included and
+   * undeclared default namespaces are absent.
+   */
+  readonly inScopeNamespaces: ReadonlyMap<string, string>;
+  readonly children: ReadonlyArray<Node>;
+  readonly position: Position;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Character data. Adjacent character data, references and CDATA sections
+ * are merged into a single text node.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface Text {
+  readonly _tag: 'Text';
+  readonly value: string;
+  readonly position: Position;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface Comment {
+  readonly _tag: 'Comment';
+  readonly value: string;
+  readonly position: Position;
+}
+
+/**
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface ProcessingInstruction {
+  readonly _tag: 'ProcessingInstruction';
+  readonly target: string;
+  readonly data: string;
+  readonly position: Position;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A child of an element.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export type Node = Element | Text | Comment | ProcessingInstruction;
+
+/**
+ * The document type declaration, if present.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface DocumentType {
+  readonly name: string;
+  readonly publicId: string | undefined;
+  readonly systemId: string | undefined;
+  /** Internal general entities (name → replacement text). */
+  readonly entities: ReadonlyMap<string, string>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A parsed XML document.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category models
+ */
+export interface Document {
+  readonly _tag: 'Document';
+  readonly version: string | undefined;
+  readonly encoding: string | undefined;
+  readonly standalone: boolean | undefined;
+  readonly doctype: DocumentType | undefined;
+  /** Comments and processing instructions before the root element. */
+  readonly prolog: ReadonlyArray<Comment | ProcessingInstruction>;
+  readonly root: Element;
+  /** Comments and processing instructions after the root element. */
+  readonly epilog: ReadonlyArray<Comment | ProcessingInstruction>;
+}
+
+/**
+ * A well-formedness or namespace error.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category errors
+ */
+export class XmlParseError extends Schema.TaggedError<XmlParseError>()('XmlParseError', {
+  message: Schema.String,
+  offset: Schema.Number,
+  line: Schema.Number,
+  column: Schema.Number,
+}) {}
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Character classes
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * The XML `NameStartChar` production as a regular expression character
+ * class body (without brackets), excluding `:`. Requires the `u` flag.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category constants
+ */
+export const NAME_START: string = Chars.NAME_START;
+/**
+ * The XML `NameChar` production as a regular expression character class
+ * body (without brackets), excluding `:`. Requires the `u` flag.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category constants
+ */
+export const NAME_CHAR: string = Chars.NAME_CHAR;
+
+/**
+ * Whether a string is an XML `NCName` (a name without colons), as required
+ * for namespace prefixes, local names, `rdf:ID` and `rdf:nodeID`.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category predicates
+ */
+export const isNCName: (value: string) => boolean = Chars.isNCName;
+
+/**
+ * Whether a string is an XML `Name`.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category predicates
+ */
+export const isName: (value: string) => boolean = Chars.isName;
+
+/**
+ * Whether a string consists only of characters allowed in XML 1.0 documents.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category predicates
+ */
+export const isValidText: (value: string) => boolean = Chars.isValidText;
+
+// Hoisted: a regex literal makes a new `RegExp` each time it is evaluated.
+const WHITESPACE = /^[ \t\r\n]*$/;
+
+/**
+ * Whether a string consists only of XML white space (`S`).
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category predicates
+ */
+export const isWhitespace = (value: string): boolean => WHITESPACE.test(value);
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Parser
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * Normalises line ends (`\r\n` and `\r` become `\n`) and strips a leading
+ * byte order mark, as an XML processor does before parsing.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category parsing
+ */
+export const normalizeInput: (input: string) => string = Internal.normalizeInput;
+
+/**
+ * Parses an XML document, returning a `Result`.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category parsing
+ */
+export const parseResult = (input: string): Result.Result<Document, XmlParseError> =>
+  Result.try({
+    try: () => Internal.parseText(input),
+    catch: (e) => {
+      if (e instanceof Internal.Failure) {
+        return new XmlParseError({
+          message: e.message,
+          offset: e.position.offset,
+          line: e.position.line,
+          column: e.position.column,
+        });
+      }
+      throw e;
+    },
+  });
+
+/**
+ * Parses an XML document.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category parsing
+ */
+export const parse = (input: string): Effect.Effect<Document, XmlParseError> =>
+  Effect.suspend(() => Effect.fromResult(parseResult(input)));
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Exclusive XML Canonicalization
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/**
+ * Escapes character data as in Canonical XML.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category canonicalization
+ */
+export const escapeText = (value: string): string =>
+  value.replace(/[&<>\r]/g, (c) =>
+    c === '&' ? '&amp;' : c === '<' ? '&lt;' : c === '>' ? '&gt;' : '&#xD;',
+  );
+
+/**
+ * Escapes an attribute value as in Canonical XML.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category canonicalization
+ */
+export const escapeAttribute = (value: string): string =>
+  value.replace(/[&<"\t\n\r]/g, (c) =>
+    c === '&'
+      ? '&amp;'
+      : c === '<'
+        ? '&lt;'
+        : c === '"'
+          ? '&quot;'
+          : c === '\t'
+            ? '&#x9;'
+            : c === '\n'
+              ? '&#xA;'
+              : '&#xD;',
+  );
+
+const compareStrings = (a: string, b: string): Ordering.Ordering => (a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0);
+
+/**
+ * Serialises a sequence of nodes (with all their descendants, but none of
+ * their ancestors) using Exclusive XML Canonicalization 1.0 with comments
+ * and an empty InclusiveNamespaces PrefixList. This is how RDF/XML computes
+ * the lexical form of `rdf:parseType="Literal"` content.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ * @category canonicalization
+ */
+export const canonicalize = (nodes: ReadonlyArray<Node>): string =>
+  nodes.map((n) => canonicalNode(n, HashMap.empty())).join('');
+
+const byPrefix = Order.make<readonly [string, string]>((a, b) => compareStrings(a[0], b[0]));
+
+const byExpandedName = Order.make<Attribute>(
+  (a, b) =>
+    compareStrings(a.namespace ?? '', b.namespace ?? '') ||
+    compareStrings(a.localName, b.localName),
+);
+
+/** The prefixes an element visibly utilises: its own, and those of its prefixed attributes. */
+const utilizedPrefixes = (node: Element): ReadonlyArray<string> =>
+  Arr.dedupe(
+    Arr.filter(
+      [node.prefix, ...node.attributes.map((a) => a.prefix).filter((p) => p !== '')],
+      (p) => p !== 'xml',
+    ),
+  );
+
+// Built once: `canonicalize` runs it for every node of an XML literal.
+const canonicalNode: (node: Node, rendered: HashMap.HashMap<string, string>) => string = Match.fn(
+  (node: Node, _rendered: HashMap.HashMap<string, string>) => node,
+).pipe(
+  Match.withReturnType<string>(),
+  Match.tag('Text', (node) => escapeText(node.value)),
+  Match.tag('Comment', (node) => `<!--${node.value}-->`),
+  Match.tag('ProcessingInstruction', (node) =>
+    node.data === '' ? `<?${node.target}?>` : `<?${node.target} ${node.data}?>`,
+  ),
+  Match.tag('Element', (node, _node, rendered) => {
+    const decls = Arr.sort(
+      Arr.filterMap(utilizedPrefixes(node), (p) => {
+        const uri = node.inScopeNamespaces.get(p) ?? '';
+        return Option.getOrElse(HashMap.get(rendered, p), () => '') === uri
+          ? Result.failVoid
+          : Result.succeed([p, uri] as const);
+      }),
+      byPrefix,
+    );
+    const next = decls.reduce((m, [p, uri]) => HashMap.set(m, p, uri), rendered);
+    const namespaces = decls
+      .map(([p, uri]) =>
+        p === '' ? ` xmlns="${escapeAttribute(uri)}"` : ` xmlns:${p}="${escapeAttribute(uri)}"`,
+      )
+      .join('');
+    const attributes = Arr.sort(node.attributes, byExpandedName)
+      .map((a) => ` ${a.name}="${escapeAttribute(a.value)}"`)
+      .join('');
+    const children = node.children.map((c) => canonicalNode(c, next)).join('');
+    return `<${node.name}${namespaces}${attributes}>${children}</${node.name}>`;
+  }),
+  Match.exhaustive,
+);

package/src/rdfxml/index.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+/**
+ * RDF 1.2 XML Syntax (RDF/XML) for effect-rdf, together with the small
+ * namespace-aware XML parser it is built on.
+ *
+ * @since 0.1.0
+ */
+
+/** @since 0.1.0 */
+export * as RdfXml from './RdfXml.ts';
+/** @since 0.1.0 */
+export * as Xml from './Xml.ts';

package/src/rdfxml/internal/chars.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+/**
+ * XML 1.0 character classes, as regular expressions (for the predicates) and
+ * as `@thomasfosterau/effect-parse` token sets (for the grammar).
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+import * as Token from '@thomasfosterau/effect-parse/Token';
+
+/** @internal */
+export const NAME_START =
+  'A-Z_a-z\\u00C0-\\u00D6\\u00D8-\\u00F6\\u00F8-\\u02FF\\u0370-\\u037D\\u037F-\\u1FFF\\u200C-\\u200D\\u2070-\\u218F\\u2C00-\\u2FEF\\u3001-\\uD7FF\\uF900-\\uFDCF\\uFDF0-\\uFFFD\\u{10000}-\\u{EFFFF}';
+
+/** @internal */
+export const NAME_CHAR = `${NAME_START}\\-.0-9\\u00B7\\u0300-\\u036F\\u203F-\\u2040`;
+
+const NAME_RE = new RegExp(`^[:${NAME_START}][:${NAME_CHAR}]*$`, 'u');
+const NCNAME_RE = new RegExp(`^[${NAME_START}][${NAME_CHAR}]*$`, 'u');
+
+/** @internal */
+export const NMTOKEN_RE = new RegExp(`^[:${NAME_CHAR}]+$`, 'u');
+
+/** @internal */
+export const INVALID_CHAR_RE = new RegExp(
+  '[^\\t\\n\\r\\u0020-\\uD7FF\\uE000-\\uFFFD\\u{10000}-\\u{10FFFF}]',
+  'u',
+);
+
+/** @internal */
+export const PUBID_RE = /^[ \r\na-zA-Z0-9\-'()+,./:=?;!*#@$_%]*$/;
+
+/** @internal */
+export const isNCName = (value: string): boolean => NCNAME_RE.test(value);
+
+/** @internal */
+export const isName = (value: string): boolean => NAME_RE.test(value);
+
+/** @internal */
+export const isValidText = (value: string): boolean => !INVALID_CHAR_RE.test(value);
+
+/** `NameStartChar`, without `:`. */
+const nameStartSet: Token.StringTokenSet = [
+  Token.range('A', 'Z'),
+  '_',
+  Token.range('a', 'z'),
+  Token.range('À', 'Ö'),
+  Token.range('Ø', 'ö'),
+  Token.range('ø', '˿'),
+  Token.range('Ͱ', 'ͽ'),
+  Token.range('Ϳ', '῿'),
+  Token.range('‌', '‍'),
+  Token.range('⁰', '↏'),
+  Token.range('Ⰰ', '⿯'),
+  Token.range('、', '퟿'),
+  Token.range('豈', '﷏'),
+  Token.range('ﷰ', '�'),
+  Token.range('\u{10000}', '\u{EFFFF}'),
+];
+
+/** `NameStartChar` (with `:`). */
+export const nameStart: Token.StringTokenSet = [nameStartSet, ':'];
+
+/** `NameChar` (with `:`). */
+export const nameChar: Token.StringTokenSet = [
+  nameStart,
+  '-.',
+  Token.range('0', '9'),
+  '·',
+  Token.range('̀', 'ͯ'),
+  Token.range('‿', '⁀'),
+];
+
+/** `S` */
+export const space = ' \t\n\r';

package/src/rdfxml/internal/loop.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+/**
+ * A loop as a function, for the scans that step a cursor until a condition
+ * holds (the line starts of a document, the canonical form of a long run of
+ * nodes).
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+import * as Iterable from 'effect/Iterable';
+
+const BLOCK = 1024;
+
+/** `0 … BLOCK - 1`: the steps of one block run as an array scan, which engines optimise well. */
+const offsets: ReadonlyArray<number> = Array.from({ length: BLOCK }, (_, i) => i);
+
+/** The first step of each block after the first: `BLOCK, 2 * BLOCK, …`. */
+const blocks: Iterable<number> = Iterable.makeBy((b) => (b + 1) * BLOCK);
+
+/** Calls `step` with 0, 1, 2, … until it returns `false`. */
+export const loop = (step: (i: number) => boolean): void => {
+  // Most loops end within the first block, which needs no iterator
+  if (offsets.every((i) => step(i))) {
+    Iterable.some(blocks, (base) => offsets.some((i) => !step(base + i)));
+  }
+};