@syllst/ja 0.1.1

package/src/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-01.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+---
+type: lesson
+id: japanese-hiragana-lesson-01
+title: "Lesson 1 — Vowels (あいうえお)"
+description: "Learn the 5 Japanese vowels in Hiragana script"
+order: 1
+parentId: japanese-hiragana
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - vowels
+  - basic-characters
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 20
+  prerequisites: []
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-recognize-vowels
+      description: "Recognize the five hiragana vowels"
+      skill: character-recognition
+      references: [hiragana-a, hiragana-i, hiragana-u, hiragana-e, hiragana-o]
+    - id: obj-sounds-vowels
+      description: "Map each vowel to its sound"
+      skill: character-sound-mapping
+      references: [hiragana-a, hiragana-i, hiragana-u, hiragana-e, hiragana-o]
+---
+
+# Lesson 1 — Vowels (あいうえお)
+
+## Introduction
+
+Welcome to Hiragana, one of the three Japanese writing systems. Hiragana is a phonetic script where each character represents one sound (mora). It is used for native Japanese words, grammatical elements, and is the first script Japanese children learn.
+
+In this first lesson, you will learn the 5 vowels of Japanese. These vowels form the foundation of the entire Hiragana system.
+
+## The Japanese Vowel System
+
+Japanese has exactly **5 vowel sounds**, similar to Spanish or Italian. These vowels are always pronounced the same way, regardless of context. There are no diphthongs or vowel reductions in standard Japanese.
+
+The five vowels are:
+
+- **a** (あ) — like "a" in "father"
+- **i** (い) — like "ee" in "see"
+- **u** (う) — like "oo" in "zoo" (but with less lip rounding)
+- **e** (え) — like "e" in "bed"
+- **o** (お) — like "o" in "go"
+
+## Characters
+
+:::character-set{id="hiragana-vowels" title="Hiragana Vowels (あ行)"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-a" canonicalRef="hiragana-a" char="あ" name="あ (a)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="a" data:row="a"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-i" canonicalRef="hiragana-i" char="い" name="い (i)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="i" data:row="a"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-u" canonicalRef="hiragana-u" char="う" name="う (u)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="u" data:row="a"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-e" canonicalRef="hiragana-e" char="え" name="え (e)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="e" data:row="a"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-o" canonicalRef="hiragana-o" char="お" name="お (o)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="o" data:row="a"}
+
+:::
+
+## Pronunciation Guide
+
+| Character | Romaji | Sound | English Approximation |
+|-----------|--------|-------|----------------------|
+| あ | a | /a/ | "a" in "father" |
+| い | i | /i/ | "ee" in "see" |
+| う | u | /ɯ/ | "oo" in "zoo" (unrounded) |
+| え | e | /e/ | "e" in "bed" |
+| お | o | /o/ | "o" in "go" |
+
+**Note on う (u):** The Japanese "u" sound is pronounced without rounding your lips, unlike the English "oo" sound. Try saying "oo" while keeping your lips relaxed and flat.
+
+## Writing Tips
+
+- **あ**: Has three strokes. Starts with a small stroke at the top, then a curved body, then a final hook at the bottom right.
+- **い**: Has two simple vertical strokes, slightly curved.
+- **う**: Looks like a "U" with a tail. Two strokes.
+- **え**: Has two strokes forming a distinctive shape like a backward "C" with a horizontal line.
+- **お**: Has three strokes. Looks like a "tree" character (木) but more curved.
+
+## Practice Words
+
+With just the five vowels, you can already read some Japanese words:
+
+| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
+|----------|--------|---------|
+| あい | ai | love |
+| うえ | ue | above |
+| あお | ao | blue |
+| いえ | ie | house |
+
+## Key Points
+
+1. **Five vowels only**: Japanese has exactly 5 vowel sounds, always pronounced the same way.
+2. **Pure sounds**: No diphthongs or vowel changes based on position.
+3. **Foundation**: These 5 vowels combine with consonants to form all other hiragana characters.
+4. **Order matters**: The traditional order is あいうえお (a-i-u-e-o), not alphabetical like English.
+
+## Practice Recognition
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-01-recognition" type="matching" title="Match Characters to Sounds" skill="character-recognition" tests="hiragana-a,hiragana-i,hiragana-u,hiragana-e,hiragana-o" objectiveId="obj-recognize-vowels"}
+
+**Question:** Match each hiragana vowel to its romaji sound
+
+- あ
+- い
+- う
+- え
+- お
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- あ = a
+- い = i
+- う = u
+- え = e
+- お = o
+
+**Explanation:** These are the five vowels of Japanese in their traditional order (a-i-u-e-o). This order is used throughout the hiragana chart and is fundamental to Japanese.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-01-sounds" type="fill-in-blank" title="Sound Mapping" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="hiragana-a,hiragana-i,hiragana-u,hiragana-e,hiragana-o" objectiveId="obj-sounds-vowels"}
+
+**Question:** What sound does each vowel make?
+
+- あ sounds like ___
+- い sounds like ___
+- う sounds like ___
+- え sounds like ___
+- お sounds like ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- あ = /a/ as in "father"
+- い = /i/ as in "see"
+- う = /ɯ/ as in "zoo" (unrounded)
+- え = /e/ as in "bed"
+- お = /o/ as in "go"
+
+**Explanation:** Japanese vowels are pure and consistent. Unlike English, they don't change pronunciation based on context or position in a word.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-01-word-reading" type="fill-in-blank" title="Read Simple Words" skill="word-recognition" tests="hiragana-a,hiragana-i,hiragana-u,hiragana-e,hiragana-o" objectiveId="obj-recognize-vowels"}
+
+**Question:** Read the following hiragana words and give their pronunciation
+
+- あい = ___
+- うえ = ___
+- いえ = ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- あい = "ai" (love)
+- うえ = "ue" (above)
+- いえ = "ie" (house)
+
+**Explanation:** Read each character from left to right. Every hiragana character is always pronounced the same way, making Japanese highly phonetic.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 2, you will learn the か-row (ka, ki, ku, ke, ko), which combines the consonant "k" with each of the five vowels you just learned.

package/src/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-02.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+---
+type: lesson
+id: japanese-hiragana-lesson-02
+title: "Lesson 2 — Ka-row (かきくけこ)"
+description: "Learn the か-row: ka, ki, ku, ke, ko"
+order: 2
+parentId: japanese-hiragana
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - consonants
+  - basic-characters
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 20
+  prerequisites: [japanese-hiragana-lesson-01]
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-recognize-ka-row
+      description: "Recognize the ka-row hiragana characters"
+      skill: character-recognition
+      references: [hiragana-ka, hiragana-ki, hiragana-ku, hiragana-ke, hiragana-ko]
+    - id: obj-sounds-ka-row
+      description: "Map each ka-row character to its sound"
+      skill: character-sound-mapping
+      references: [hiragana-ka, hiragana-ki, hiragana-ku, hiragana-ke, hiragana-ko]
+---
+
+# Lesson 2 — Ka-row (かきくけこ)
+
+## Introduction
+
+In this lesson, you will learn the **か-row** (ka-gyō), the second row of the hiragana chart. This row combines the consonant sound "k" with each of the five vowels you learned in Lesson 1.
+
+The pattern is simple: **k + vowel = ka, ki, ku, ke, ko**
+
+## Characters
+
+:::character-set{id="hiragana-ka-row" title="Hiragana Ka-row (か行)"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-ka" canonicalRef="hiragana-ka" char="か" name="か (ka)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ka" data:row="ka"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-ki" canonicalRef="hiragana-ki" char="き" name="き (ki)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ki" data:row="ka"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-ku" canonicalRef="hiragana-ku" char="く" name="く (ku)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ku" data:row="ka"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-ke" canonicalRef="hiragana-ke" char="け" name="け (ke)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ke" data:row="ka"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-ko" canonicalRef="hiragana-ko" char="こ" name="こ (ko)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ko" data:row="ka"}
+
+:::
+
+## Pronunciation Guide
+
+| Character | Romaji | Sound | Notes |
+|-----------|--------|-------|-------|
+| か | ka | /ka/ | Like "ka" in "car" |
+| き | ki | /ki/ | Like "kee" in "keen" |
+| く | ku | /kɯ/ | Like "coo" (unrounded lips) |
+| け | ke | /ke/ | Like "ke" in "ketchup" |
+| こ | ko | /ko/ | Like "ko" in "koala" |
+
+**Note:** The "k" sound is the same as in English. The vowel sounds follow the same rules you learned in Lesson 1.
+
+## Writing Tips
+
+- **か**: Has three strokes. Starts with a vertical stroke, then two curved strokes on the right.
+- **き**: Has four strokes. Looks like three horizontal lines with a fourth diagonal stroke.
+- **く**: Has one simple curved stroke, like a backwards "<".
+- **け**: Has three strokes forming a distinctive shape.
+- **こ**: Has two horizontal strokes, like a simple "二" character.
+
+## Practice Words
+
+| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
+|----------|--------|---------|
+| かい | kai | shellfish |
+| きかい | kikai | machine |
+| ここ | koko | here |
+| いけ | ike | pond |
+| かお | kao | face |
+
+## Pattern Recognition
+
+Notice the pattern:
+- Each row takes one consonant ("k" in this case)
+- Combines it with all five vowels (a, i, u, e, o)
+- Creates 5 new characters
+
+This pattern continues throughout the entire hiragana chart.
+
+## Practice Recognition
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-02-recognition" type="matching" title="Match Ka-row Characters" skill="character-recognition" tests="hiragana-ka,hiragana-ki,hiragana-ku,hiragana-ke,hiragana-ko" objectiveId="obj-recognize-ka-row"}
+
+**Question:** Match each ka-row character to its romaji
+
+- か
+- き
+- く
+- け
+- こ
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- か = ka
+- き = ki
+- く = ku
+- け = ke
+- こ = ko
+
+**Explanation:** The ka-row follows the same vowel pattern as the vowels row (a-i-u-e-o), but adds the "k" consonant sound before each vowel.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-02-sounds" type="fill-in-blank" title="Sound Mapping" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="hiragana-ka,hiragana-ki,hiragana-ku,hiragana-ke,hiragana-ko" objectiveId="obj-sounds-ka-row"}
+
+**Question:** What sound does each character make?
+
+- か = ___
+- き = ___
+- く = ___
+- け = ___
+- こ = ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- か = /ka/
+- き = /ki/
+- く = /kɯ/
+- け = /ke/
+- こ = /ko/
+
+**Explanation:** Each character combines the "k" consonant with one of the five vowel sounds you learned in Lesson 1.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-02-word-reading" type="fill-in-blank" title="Read Words with Ka-row" skill="word-recognition" tests="hiragana-ka,hiragana-ki,hiragana-ku,hiragana-ke,hiragana-ko" objectiveId="obj-recognize-ka-row"}
+
+**Question:** Read these words
+
+- かお = ___
+- ここ = ___
+- いけ = ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- かお = "kao" (face)
+- ここ = "koko" (here)
+- いけ = "ike" (pond)
+
+**Explanation:** Combine the characters you've learned so far. Read from left to right, pronouncing each character clearly.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 3, you will learn the さ-row (sa, shi, su, se, so), continuing the pattern with the "s" consonant.

package/src/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-03.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+---
+type: lesson
+id: japanese-hiragana-lesson-03
+title: "Lesson 3 — Sa-row (さしすせそ)"
+description: "Learn the さ-row: sa, shi, su, se, so"
+order: 3
+parentId: japanese-hiragana
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - consonants
+  - basic-characters
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 20
+  prerequisites: [japanese-hiragana-lesson-02]
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-recognize-sa-row
+      description: "Recognize the sa-row hiragana characters"
+      skill: character-recognition
+      references: [hiragana-sa, hiragana-shi, hiragana-su, hiragana-se, hiragana-so]
+    - id: obj-sounds-sa-row
+      description: "Map each sa-row character to its sound"
+      skill: character-sound-mapping
+      references: [hiragana-sa, hiragana-shi, hiragana-su, hiragana-se, hiragana-so]
+---
+
+# Lesson 3 — Sa-row (さしすせそ)
+
+## Introduction
+
+In this lesson, you will learn the **さ-row** (sa-gyō), the third row of the hiragana chart. This row combines the "s" consonant with the five vowels.
+
+**Important note:** The "si" character is pronounced "shi" (し), not "si". This is one of the irregularities in the hiragana chart.
+
+## Characters
+
+:::character-set{id="hiragana-sa-row" title="Hiragana Sa-row (さ行)"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-sa" canonicalRef="hiragana-sa" char="さ" name="さ (sa)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="sa" data:row="sa"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-shi" canonicalRef="hiragana-shi" char="し" name="し (shi)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="shi" data:row="sa"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-su" canonicalRef="hiragana-su" char="す" name="す (su)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="su" data:row="sa"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-se" canonicalRef="hiragana-se" char="せ" name="せ (se)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="se" data:row="sa"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-so" canonicalRef="hiragana-so" char="そ" name="そ (so)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="so" data:row="sa"}
+
+:::
+
+## Pronunciation Guide
+
+| Character | Romaji | Sound | Notes |
+|-----------|--------|-------|-------|
+| さ | sa | /sa/ | Like "sa" in "saw" |
+| し | shi | /ɕi/ | Like "shi" in "sheep" (NOT "si") |
+| す | su | /sɯ/ | Like "soo" (unrounded lips) |
+| せ | se | /se/ | Like "se" in "set" |
+| そ | so | /so/ | Like "so" in "soap" |
+
+**Key Point:** し is pronounced "shi", not "si". This is a standard irregularity in Japanese. The sound is like English "she" but shorter.
+
+## Writing Tips
+
+- **さ**: Has three strokes. Starts with a horizontal stroke, then two curved strokes below.
+- **し**: Has one simple curved stroke, like a backwards "J".
+- **す**: Has two strokes forming a distinctive shape.
+- **せ**: Has three strokes, similar to せ in hiragana.
+- **そ**: Has one continuous stroke forming a distinctive curved shape.
+
+## Practice Words
+
+| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
+|----------|--------|---------|
+| さけ | sake | salmon; alcohol |
+| しお | shio | salt |
+| すし | sushi | sushi |
+| そこ | soko | there; bottom |
+| かさ | kasa | umbrella |
+
+## Practice Recognition
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-03-recognition" type="matching" title="Match Sa-row Characters" skill="character-recognition" tests="hiragana-sa,hiragana-shi,hiragana-su,hiragana-se,hiragana-so" objectiveId="obj-recognize-sa-row"}
+
+**Question:** Match each sa-row character to its romaji
+
+- さ
+- し
+- す
+- せ
+- そ
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- さ = sa
+- し = shi (not "si")
+- す = su
+- せ = se
+- そ = so
+
+**Explanation:** Remember that し is pronounced "shi", not "si". This is a standard pronunciation in Japanese.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-03-sounds" type="fill-in-blank" title="Sound Mapping" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="hiragana-sa,hiragana-shi,hiragana-su,hiragana-se,hiragana-so" objectiveId="obj-sounds-sa-row"}
+
+**Question:** What sound does each character make?
+
+- さ = ___
+- し = ___
+- す = ___
+- せ = ___
+- そ = ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- さ = /sa/
+- し = /ɕi/ (shi)
+- す = /sɯ/
+- せ = /se/
+- そ = /so/
+
+**Explanation:** The し character is always pronounced "shi", never "si" in modern standard Japanese.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-03-word-reading" type="fill-in-blank" title="Read Words with Sa-row" skill="word-recognition" tests="hiragana-sa,hiragana-shi,hiragana-su,hiragana-se,hiragana-so" objectiveId="obj-recognize-sa-row"}
+
+**Question:** Read these words
+
+- すし = ___
+- しお = ___
+- かさ = ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- すし = "sushi" (sushi)
+- しお = "shio" (salt)
+- かさ = "kasa" (umbrella)
+
+**Explanation:** Notice how し is always pronounced "shi". The word すし (sushi) uses this character twice.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 4, you will learn the た-row (ta, chi, tsu, te, to), which has two more irregular pronunciations to watch for.

package/src/syllabi/hiragana/lessons/lesson-04.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+---
+type: lesson
+id: japanese-hiragana-lesson-04
+title: "Lesson 4 — Ta-row (たちつてと)"
+description: "Learn the た-row: ta, chi, tsu, te, to"
+order: 4
+parentId: japanese-hiragana
+difficulty: beginner
+cefrLevel: A1
+categories:
+  - consonants
+  - basic-characters
+metadata:
+  estimatedTime: 20
+  prerequisites: [japanese-hiragana-lesson-03]
+  learningObjectives:
+    - id: obj-recognize-ta-row
+      description: "Recognize the ta-row hiragana characters"
+      skill: character-recognition
+      references: [hiragana-ta, hiragana-chi, hiragana-tsu, hiragana-te, hiragana-to]
+    - id: obj-sounds-ta-row
+      description: "Map each ta-row character to its sound"
+      skill: character-sound-mapping
+      references: [hiragana-ta, hiragana-chi, hiragana-tsu, hiragana-te, hiragana-to]
+---
+
+# Lesson 4 — Ta-row (たちつてと)
+
+## Introduction
+
+In this lesson, you will learn the **た-row** (ta-gyō), the fourth row of the hiragana chart. This row has **two irregular pronunciations** to remember:
+
+- ち is pronounced "chi", not "ti"
+- つ is pronounced "tsu", not "tu"
+
+## Characters
+
+:::character-set{id="hiragana-ta-row" title="Hiragana Ta-row (た行)"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-ta" canonicalRef="hiragana-ta" char="た" name="た (ta)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="ta" data:row="ta"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-chi" canonicalRef="hiragana-chi" char="ち" name="ち (chi)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="chi" data:row="ta"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-tsu" canonicalRef="hiragana-tsu" char="つ" name="つ (tsu)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="tsu" data:row="ta"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-te" canonicalRef="hiragana-te" char="て" name="て (te)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="te" data:row="ta"}
+
+::character{id="hiragana-to" canonicalRef="hiragana-to" char="と" name="と (to)" charType="hiragana" data:romaji="to" data:row="ta"}
+
+:::
+
+## Pronunciation Guide
+
+| Character | Romaji | Sound | Notes |
+|-----------|--------|-------|-------|
+| た | ta | /ta/ | Like "ta" in "task" |
+| ち | chi | /t͡ɕi/ | Like "chi" in "cheese" (NOT "ti") |
+| つ | tsu | /tsɯ/ | Like "tsu" in "tsunami" (NOT "tu") |
+| て | te | /te/ | Like "te" in "ten" |
+| と | to | /to/ | Like "to" in "toast" |
+
+**Key Points:**
+- **ち** is pronounced "chi" (like "cheese"), not "ti"
+- **つ** is pronounced "tsu" (like "tsunami"), not "tu"
+
+## Writing Tips
+
+- **た**: Has four strokes. Similar to き but with different proportions.
+- **ち**: Has two strokes forming a distinctive curved shape.
+- **つ**: Has one continuous curved stroke with a small loop, like a simplified ○.
+- **て**: Has one continuous stroke, looks like a backwards "7" with a curve.
+- **と**: Has two strokes, looks like a cursive "と".
+
+## Practice Words
+
+| Hiragana | Romaji | Meaning |
+|----------|--------|---------|
+| たこ | tako | octopus |
+| ちかい | chikai | near; oath |
+| つき | tsuki | moon |
+| て | te | hand |
+| とけい | tokei | clock |
+
+## Important Note: The "tsu" Sound
+
+The "tsu" sound in つ is unique and very common in Japanese. It's a single syllable combining "t" and "su" sounds. Practice saying "tsunami" - the first syllable is exactly this sound.
+
+## Practice Recognition
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-04-recognition" type="matching" title="Match Ta-row Characters" skill="character-recognition" tests="hiragana-ta,hiragana-chi,hiragana-tsu,hiragana-te,hiragana-to" objectiveId="obj-recognize-ta-row"}
+
+**Question:** Match each ta-row character to its romaji
+
+- た
+- ち
+- つ
+- て
+- と
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- た = ta
+- ち = chi (not "ti")
+- つ = tsu (not "tu")
+- て = te
+- と = to
+
+**Explanation:** The ta-row has two irregularities: ち is "chi" and つ is "tsu". These pronunciations are standard in modern Japanese.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-04-sounds" type="fill-in-blank" title="Sound Mapping" skill="character-sound-mapping" tests="hiragana-ta,hiragana-chi,hiragana-tsu,hiragana-te,hiragana-to" objectiveId="obj-sounds-ta-row"}
+
+**Question:** What sound does each character make?
+
+- た = ___
+- ち = ___
+- つ = ___
+- て = ___
+- と = ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- た = /ta/
+- ち = /t͡ɕi/ (chi)
+- つ = /tsɯ/ (tsu)
+- て = /te/
+- と = /to/
+
+**Explanation:** Remember ち (chi) and つ (tsu) are the irregular ones in this row.
+
+:::
+
+:::exercise{id="ja-hiragana-04-word-reading" type="fill-in-blank" title="Read Words with Ta-row" skill="word-recognition" tests="hiragana-ta,hiragana-chi,hiragana-tsu,hiragana-te,hiragana-to" objectiveId="obj-recognize-ta-row"}
+
+**Question:** Read these words
+
+- たこ = ___
+- つき = ___
+- ちかい = ___
+
+**Answer:**
+
+- たこ = "tako" (octopus)
+- つき = "tsuki" (moon)
+- ちかい = "chikai" (near; oath)
+
+**Explanation:** Make sure to pronounce ち as "chi" and つ as "tsu" when reading these words.
+
+:::
+
+## What's Next
+
+In Lesson 5, you will learn the な-row (na, ni, nu, ne, no), which returns to regular pronunciation patterns.