@shd101wyy/yo 0.0.2

package/vendor/mimalloc/include/mimalloc/internal.h

@@ -0,0 +1,1153 @@
+/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+Copyright (c) 2018-2023, Microsoft Research, Daan Leijen
+This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the
+terms of the MIT license. A copy of the license can be found in the file
+"LICENSE" at the root of this distribution.
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+#pragma once
+#ifndef MIMALLOC_INTERNAL_H
+#define MIMALLOC_INTERNAL_H
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// This file contains the internal API's of mimalloc and various utility
+// functions and macros.
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#include "types.h"
+#include "track.h"
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Compiler defines
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if (MI_DEBUG>0)
+#define mi_trace_message(...)  _mi_trace_message(__VA_ARGS__)
+#else
+#define mi_trace_message(...)
+#endif
+
+#define mi_decl_cache_align     mi_decl_align(64)
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+#pragma warning(disable:4127)   // suppress constant conditional warning (due to MI_SECURE paths)
+#pragma warning(disable:26812)  // unscoped enum warning
+#define mi_decl_noinline        __declspec(noinline)
+#define mi_decl_thread          __declspec(thread)
+#define mi_decl_align(a)        __declspec(align(a))
+#define mi_decl_noreturn        __declspec(noreturn)
+#define mi_decl_weak
+#define mi_decl_hidden
+#define mi_decl_cold
+#elif (defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 3)) || defined(__clang__) // includes clang and icc
+#define mi_decl_noinline        __attribute__((noinline))
+#define mi_decl_thread          __thread
+#define mi_decl_align(a)        __attribute__((aligned(a)))
+#define mi_decl_noreturn        __attribute__((noreturn))
+#define mi_decl_weak            __attribute__((weak))
+#define mi_decl_hidden          __attribute__((visibility("hidden")))
+#if (__GNUC__ >= 4) || defined(__clang__)
+#define mi_decl_cold            __attribute__((cold))
+#else
+#define mi_decl_cold
+#endif
+#elif __cplusplus >= 201103L    // c++11
+#define mi_decl_noinline
+#define mi_decl_thread          thread_local
+#define mi_decl_align(a)        alignas(a)
+#define mi_decl_noreturn        [[noreturn]]
+#define mi_decl_weak
+#define mi_decl_hidden
+#define mi_decl_cold
+#else
+#define mi_decl_noinline
+#define mi_decl_thread          __thread        // hope for the best :-)
+#define mi_decl_align(a)
+#define mi_decl_noreturn
+#define mi_decl_weak
+#define mi_decl_hidden
+#define mi_decl_cold
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#define mi_unlikely(x)     (__builtin_expect(!!(x),false))
+#define mi_likely(x)       (__builtin_expect(!!(x),true))
+#elif (defined(__cplusplus) && (__cplusplus >= 202002L)) || (defined(_MSVC_LANG) && _MSVC_LANG >= 202002L)
+#define mi_unlikely(x)     (x) [[unlikely]]
+#define mi_likely(x)       (x) [[likely]]
+#else
+#define mi_unlikely(x)     (x)
+#define mi_likely(x)       (x)
+#endif
+
+#ifndef __has_builtin
+#define __has_builtin(x)    0
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__cplusplus)
+#define mi_decl_externc     extern "C"
+#else
+#define mi_decl_externc
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__EMSCRIPTEN__) && !defined(__wasi__)
+#define __wasi__
+#endif
+
+
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Internal functions
+// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+// "libc.c"
+#include    <stdarg.h>
+int         _mi_vsnprintf(char* buf, size_t bufsize, const char* fmt, va_list args);
+int         _mi_snprintf(char* buf, size_t buflen, const char* fmt, ...);
+char        _mi_toupper(char c);
+int         _mi_strnicmp(const char* s, const char* t, size_t n);
+void        _mi_strlcpy(char* dest, const char* src, size_t dest_size);
+void        _mi_strlcat(char* dest, const char* src, size_t dest_size);
+size_t      _mi_strlen(const char* s);
+size_t      _mi_strnlen(const char* s, size_t max_len);
+bool        _mi_getenv(const char* name, char* result, size_t result_size);
+
+// "options.c"
+void        _mi_fputs(mi_output_fun* out, void* arg, const char* prefix, const char* message);
+void        _mi_fprintf(mi_output_fun* out, void* arg, const char* fmt, ...);
+void        _mi_message(const char* fmt, ...);
+void        _mi_warning_message(const char* fmt, ...);
+void        _mi_verbose_message(const char* fmt, ...);
+void        _mi_trace_message(const char* fmt, ...);
+void        _mi_options_init(void);
+long        _mi_option_get_fast(mi_option_t option);
+void        _mi_error_message(int err, const char* fmt, ...);
+
+// random.c
+void        _mi_random_init(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx);
+void        _mi_random_init_weak(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx);
+void        _mi_random_reinit_if_weak(mi_random_ctx_t * ctx);
+void        _mi_random_split(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx, mi_random_ctx_t* new_ctx);
+uintptr_t   _mi_random_next(mi_random_ctx_t* ctx);
+uintptr_t   _mi_heap_random_next(mi_heap_t* heap);
+uintptr_t   _mi_os_random_weak(uintptr_t extra_seed);
+static inline uintptr_t _mi_random_shuffle(uintptr_t x);
+
+// init.c
+extern mi_decl_hidden mi_decl_cache_align mi_stats_t       _mi_stats_main;
+extern mi_decl_hidden mi_decl_cache_align const mi_page_t  _mi_page_empty;
+void        _mi_auto_process_init(void);
+void mi_cdecl _mi_auto_process_done(void) mi_attr_noexcept;
+bool        _mi_is_redirected(void);
+bool        _mi_allocator_init(const char** message);
+void        _mi_allocator_done(void);
+bool        _mi_is_main_thread(void);
+size_t      _mi_current_thread_count(void);
+bool        _mi_preloading(void);           // true while the C runtime is not initialized yet
+void        _mi_thread_done(mi_heap_t* heap);
+void        _mi_thread_data_collect(void);
+void        _mi_tld_init(mi_tld_t* tld, mi_heap_t* bheap);
+mi_threadid_t _mi_thread_id(void) mi_attr_noexcept;
+mi_heap_t*    _mi_heap_main_get(void);     // statically allocated main backing heap
+mi_subproc_t* _mi_subproc_from_id(mi_subproc_id_t subproc_id);
+void        _mi_heap_guarded_init(mi_heap_t* heap);
+
+// os.c
+void        _mi_os_init(void);                                            // called from process init
+void*       _mi_os_alloc(size_t size, mi_memid_t* memid);
+void*       _mi_os_zalloc(size_t size, mi_memid_t* memid);
+void        _mi_os_free(void* p, size_t size, mi_memid_t memid);
+void        _mi_os_free_ex(void* p, size_t size, bool still_committed, mi_memid_t memid);
+
+size_t      _mi_os_page_size(void);
+size_t      _mi_os_good_alloc_size(size_t size);
+bool        _mi_os_has_overcommit(void);
+bool        _mi_os_has_virtual_reserve(void);
+
+bool        _mi_os_reset(void* addr, size_t size);
+bool        _mi_os_decommit(void* addr, size_t size);
+bool        _mi_os_unprotect(void* addr, size_t size);
+bool        _mi_os_purge(void* p, size_t size);
+bool        _mi_os_purge_ex(void* p, size_t size, bool allow_reset, size_t stat_size);
+void        _mi_os_reuse(void* p, size_t size);
+mi_decl_nodiscard bool _mi_os_commit(void* p, size_t size, bool* is_zero);
+mi_decl_nodiscard bool _mi_os_commit_ex(void* addr, size_t size, bool* is_zero, size_t stat_size);
+bool        _mi_os_protect(void* addr, size_t size);
+
+void*       _mi_os_alloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment, bool commit, bool allow_large, mi_memid_t* memid);
+void*       _mi_os_alloc_aligned_at_offset(size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t align_offset, bool commit, bool allow_large, mi_memid_t* memid);
+
+void*       _mi_os_get_aligned_hint(size_t try_alignment, size_t size);
+bool        _mi_os_use_large_page(size_t size, size_t alignment);
+size_t      _mi_os_large_page_size(void);
+void*       _mi_os_alloc_huge_os_pages(size_t pages, int numa_node, mi_msecs_t max_secs, size_t* pages_reserved, size_t* psize, mi_memid_t* memid);
+
+int         _mi_os_numa_node_count(void);
+int         _mi_os_numa_node(void);
+
+// arena.c
+mi_arena_id_t _mi_arena_id_none(void);
+void        _mi_arena_free(void* p, size_t size, size_t still_committed_size, mi_memid_t memid);
+void*       _mi_arena_alloc(size_t size, bool commit, bool allow_large, mi_arena_id_t req_arena_id, mi_memid_t* memid);
+void*       _mi_arena_alloc_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment, size_t align_offset, bool commit, bool allow_large, mi_arena_id_t req_arena_id, mi_memid_t* memid);
+bool        _mi_arena_memid_is_suitable(mi_memid_t memid, mi_arena_id_t request_arena_id);
+bool        _mi_arena_contains(const void* p);
+void        _mi_arenas_collect(bool force_purge);
+void        _mi_arena_unsafe_destroy_all(void);
+
+bool        _mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned(mi_segment_t* segment);
+void        _mi_arena_segment_mark_abandoned(mi_segment_t* segment);
+
+void*       _mi_arena_meta_zalloc(size_t size, mi_memid_t* memid);
+void        _mi_arena_meta_free(void* p, mi_memid_t memid, size_t size);
+
+typedef struct mi_arena_field_cursor_s { // abstract struct
+  size_t         os_list_count;           // max entries to visit in the OS abandoned list
+  size_t         start;                   // start arena idx (may need to be wrapped)
+  size_t         end;                     // end arena idx (exclusive, may need to be wrapped)
+  size_t         bitmap_idx;              // current bit idx for an arena
+  mi_subproc_t*  subproc;                 // only visit blocks in this sub-process
+  bool           visit_all;               // ensure all abandoned blocks are seen (blocking)
+  bool           hold_visit_lock;         // if the subproc->abandoned_os_visit_lock is held
+} mi_arena_field_cursor_t;
+void          _mi_arena_field_cursor_init(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_subproc_t* subproc, bool visit_all, mi_arena_field_cursor_t* current);
+mi_segment_t* _mi_arena_segment_clear_abandoned_next(mi_arena_field_cursor_t* previous);
+void          _mi_arena_field_cursor_done(mi_arena_field_cursor_t* current);
+
+// "segment-map.c"
+void        _mi_segment_map_allocated_at(const mi_segment_t* segment);
+void        _mi_segment_map_freed_at(const mi_segment_t* segment);
+void        _mi_segment_map_unsafe_destroy(void);
+
+// "segment.c"
+mi_page_t* _mi_segment_page_alloc(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t block_size, size_t page_alignment, mi_segments_tld_t* tld);
+void       _mi_segment_page_free(mi_page_t* page, bool force, mi_segments_tld_t* tld);
+void       _mi_segment_page_abandon(mi_page_t* page, mi_segments_tld_t* tld);
+bool       _mi_segment_try_reclaim_abandoned( mi_heap_t* heap, bool try_all, mi_segments_tld_t* tld);
+void       _mi_segment_collect(mi_segment_t* segment, bool force);
+
+#if MI_HUGE_PAGE_ABANDON
+void        _mi_segment_huge_page_free(mi_segment_t* segment, mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block);
+#else
+void        _mi_segment_huge_page_reset(mi_segment_t* segment, mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block);
+#endif
+
+uint8_t*   _mi_segment_page_start(const mi_segment_t* segment, const mi_page_t* page, size_t* page_size); // page start for any page
+void       _mi_abandoned_reclaim_all(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_segments_tld_t* tld);
+void       _mi_abandoned_collect(mi_heap_t* heap, bool force, mi_segments_tld_t* tld);
+bool       _mi_segment_attempt_reclaim(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_segment_t* segment);
+bool       _mi_segment_visit_blocks(mi_segment_t* segment, int heap_tag, bool visit_blocks, mi_block_visit_fun* visitor, void* arg);
+
+// "page.c"
+void*       _mi_malloc_generic(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero, size_t huge_alignment)  mi_attr_noexcept mi_attr_malloc;
+
+void        _mi_page_retire(mi_page_t* page) mi_attr_noexcept;                  // free the page if there are no other pages with many free blocks
+void        _mi_page_unfull(mi_page_t* page);
+void        _mi_page_free(mi_page_t* page, mi_page_queue_t* pq, bool force);   // free the page
+void        _mi_page_abandon(mi_page_t* page, mi_page_queue_t* pq);            // abandon the page, to be picked up by another thread...
+void        _mi_page_force_abandon(mi_page_t* page);
+
+void        _mi_heap_delayed_free_all(mi_heap_t* heap);
+bool        _mi_heap_delayed_free_partial(mi_heap_t* heap);
+void        _mi_heap_collect_retired(mi_heap_t* heap, bool force);
+
+void        _mi_page_use_delayed_free(mi_page_t* page, mi_delayed_t delay, bool override_never);
+bool        _mi_page_try_use_delayed_free(mi_page_t* page, mi_delayed_t delay, bool override_never);
+size_t      _mi_page_queue_append(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_queue_t* pq, mi_page_queue_t* append);
+void        _mi_deferred_free(mi_heap_t* heap, bool force);
+
+void        _mi_page_free_collect(mi_page_t* page,bool force);
+void        _mi_page_reclaim(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_t* page);   // callback from segments
+
+size_t      _mi_page_bin(const mi_page_t* page); // for stats
+size_t      _mi_bin_size(size_t bin);            // for stats
+size_t      _mi_bin(size_t size);                // for stats
+
+// "heap.c"
+void        _mi_heap_init(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_tld_t* tld, mi_arena_id_t arena_id, bool noreclaim, uint8_t tag);
+void        _mi_heap_destroy_pages(mi_heap_t* heap);
+void        _mi_heap_collect_abandon(mi_heap_t* heap);
+void        _mi_heap_set_default_direct(mi_heap_t* heap);
+bool        _mi_heap_memid_is_suitable(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_memid_t memid);
+void        _mi_heap_unsafe_destroy_all(mi_heap_t* heap);
+mi_heap_t*  _mi_heap_by_tag(mi_heap_t* heap, uint8_t tag);
+void        _mi_heap_area_init(mi_heap_area_t* area, mi_page_t* page);
+bool        _mi_heap_area_visit_blocks(const mi_heap_area_t* area, mi_page_t* page, mi_block_visit_fun* visitor, void* arg);
+
+// "stats.c"
+void        _mi_stats_done(mi_stats_t* stats);
+void        _mi_stats_merge_thread(mi_tld_t* tld);
+mi_msecs_t  _mi_clock_now(void);
+mi_msecs_t  _mi_clock_end(mi_msecs_t start);
+mi_msecs_t  _mi_clock_start(void);
+
+// "alloc.c"
+void*       _mi_page_malloc_zero(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_t* page, size_t size, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept;  // called from `_mi_malloc_generic`
+void*       _mi_page_malloc(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_t* page, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept;                  // called from `_mi_heap_malloc_aligned`
+void*       _mi_page_malloc_zeroed(mi_heap_t* heap, mi_page_t* page, size_t size) mi_attr_noexcept;           // called from `_mi_heap_malloc_aligned`
+void*       _mi_heap_malloc_zero(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept;
+void*       _mi_heap_malloc_zero_ex(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero, size_t huge_alignment) mi_attr_noexcept;     // called from `_mi_heap_malloc_aligned`
+void*       _mi_heap_realloc_zero(mi_heap_t* heap, void* p, size_t newsize, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept;
+mi_block_t* _mi_page_ptr_unalign(const mi_page_t* page, const void* p);
+bool        _mi_free_delayed_block(mi_block_t* block);
+void        _mi_free_generic(mi_segment_t* segment, mi_page_t* page, bool is_local, void* p) mi_attr_noexcept;  // for runtime integration
+void        _mi_padding_shrink(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block, const size_t min_size);
+
+#if MI_DEBUG>1
+bool        _mi_page_is_valid(mi_page_t* page);
+#endif
+
+
+/* -----------------------------------------------------------
+  Error codes passed to `_mi_fatal_error`
+  All are recoverable but EFAULT is a serious error and aborts by default in secure mode.
+  For portability define undefined error codes using common Unix codes:
+  <https://www-numi.fnal.gov/offline_software/srt_public_context/WebDocs/Errors/unix_system_errors.html>
+----------------------------------------------------------- */
+#include <errno.h>
+#ifndef EAGAIN         // double free
+#define EAGAIN (11)
+#endif
+#ifndef ENOMEM         // out of memory
+#define ENOMEM (12)
+#endif
+#ifndef EFAULT         // corrupted free-list or meta-data
+#define EFAULT (14)
+#endif
+#ifndef EINVAL         // trying to free an invalid pointer
+#define EINVAL (22)
+#endif
+#ifndef EOVERFLOW      // count*size overflow
+#define EOVERFLOW (75)
+#endif
+
+
+// ------------------------------------------------------
+// Assertions
+// ------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if (MI_DEBUG)
+// use our own assertion to print without memory allocation
+mi_decl_noreturn mi_decl_cold void _mi_assert_fail(const char* assertion, const char* fname, unsigned int line, const char* func) mi_attr_noexcept;
+#define mi_assert(expr)     ((expr) ? (void)0 : _mi_assert_fail(#expr,__FILE__,__LINE__,__func__))
+#else
+#define mi_assert(x)
+#endif
+
+#if (MI_DEBUG>1)
+#define mi_assert_internal    mi_assert
+#else
+#define mi_assert_internal(x)
+#endif
+
+#if (MI_DEBUG>2)
+#define mi_assert_expensive   mi_assert
+#else
+#define mi_assert_expensive(x)
+#endif
+
+
+
+/* -----------------------------------------------------------
+  Inlined definitions
+----------------------------------------------------------- */
+#define MI_UNUSED(x)     (void)(x)
+#if (MI_DEBUG>0)
+#define MI_UNUSED_RELEASE(x)
+#else
+#define MI_UNUSED_RELEASE(x)  MI_UNUSED(x)
+#endif
+
+#define MI_INIT4(x)   x(),x(),x(),x()
+#define MI_INIT8(x)   MI_INIT4(x),MI_INIT4(x)
+#define MI_INIT16(x)  MI_INIT8(x),MI_INIT8(x)
+#define MI_INIT32(x)  MI_INIT16(x),MI_INIT16(x)
+#define MI_INIT64(x)  MI_INIT32(x),MI_INIT32(x)
+#define MI_INIT128(x) MI_INIT64(x),MI_INIT64(x)
+#define MI_INIT256(x) MI_INIT128(x),MI_INIT128(x)
+#define MI_INIT74(x)  MI_INIT64(x),MI_INIT8(x),x(),x()
+
+#include <string.h>
+// initialize a local variable to zero; use memset as compilers optimize constant sized memset's
+#define _mi_memzero_var(x)  memset(&x,0,sizeof(x))
+
+// Is `x` a power of two? (0 is considered a power of two)
+static inline bool _mi_is_power_of_two(uintptr_t x) {
+  return ((x & (x - 1)) == 0);
+}
+
+// Is a pointer aligned?
+static inline bool _mi_is_aligned(void* p, size_t alignment) {
+  mi_assert_internal(alignment != 0);
+  return (((uintptr_t)p % alignment) == 0);
+}
+
+// Align upwards
+static inline uintptr_t _mi_align_up(uintptr_t sz, size_t alignment) {
+  mi_assert_internal(alignment != 0);
+  uintptr_t mask = alignment - 1;
+  if ((alignment & mask) == 0) {  // power of two?
+    return ((sz + mask) & ~mask);
+  }
+  else {
+    return (((sz + mask)/alignment)*alignment);
+  }
+}
+
+// Align downwards
+static inline uintptr_t _mi_align_down(uintptr_t sz, size_t alignment) {
+  mi_assert_internal(alignment != 0);
+  uintptr_t mask = alignment - 1;
+  if ((alignment & mask) == 0) { // power of two?
+    return (sz & ~mask);
+  }
+  else {
+    return ((sz / alignment) * alignment);
+  }
+}
+
+// Align a pointer upwards
+static inline void* mi_align_up_ptr(void* p, size_t alignment) {
+  return (void*)_mi_align_up((uintptr_t)p, alignment);
+}
+
+// Align a pointer downwards
+static inline void* mi_align_down_ptr(void* p, size_t alignment) {
+  return (void*)_mi_align_down((uintptr_t)p, alignment);
+}
+
+
+// Divide upwards: `s <= _mi_divide_up(s,d)*d < s+d`.
+static inline uintptr_t _mi_divide_up(uintptr_t size, size_t divider) {
+  mi_assert_internal(divider != 0);
+  return (divider == 0 ? size : ((size + divider - 1) / divider));
+}
+
+
+// clamp an integer
+static inline size_t _mi_clamp(size_t sz, size_t min, size_t max) {
+  if (sz < min) return min;
+  else if (sz > max) return max;
+  else return sz;
+}
+
+// Is memory zero initialized?
+static inline bool mi_mem_is_zero(const void* p, size_t size) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+    if (((uint8_t*)p)[i] != 0) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+
+// Align a byte size to a size in _machine words_,
+// i.e. byte size == `wsize*sizeof(void*)`.
+static inline size_t _mi_wsize_from_size(size_t size) {
+  mi_assert_internal(size <= SIZE_MAX - sizeof(uintptr_t));
+  return (size + sizeof(uintptr_t) - 1) / sizeof(uintptr_t);
+}
+
+// Overflow detecting multiply
+#if __has_builtin(__builtin_umul_overflow) || (defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 5))
+#include <limits.h>      // UINT_MAX, ULONG_MAX
+#if defined(_CLOCK_T)    // for Illumos
+#undef _CLOCK_T
+#endif
+static inline bool mi_mul_overflow(size_t count, size_t size, size_t* total) {
+  #if (SIZE_MAX == ULONG_MAX)
+    return __builtin_umull_overflow(count, size, (unsigned long *)total);
+  #elif (SIZE_MAX == UINT_MAX)
+    return __builtin_umul_overflow(count, size, (unsigned int *)total);
+  #else
+    return __builtin_umulll_overflow(count, size, (unsigned long long *)total);
+  #endif
+}
+#else /* __builtin_umul_overflow is unavailable */
+static inline bool mi_mul_overflow(size_t count, size_t size, size_t* total) {
+  #define MI_MUL_COULD_OVERFLOW ((size_t)1 << (4*sizeof(size_t)))  // sqrt(SIZE_MAX)
+  *total = count * size;
+  // note: gcc/clang optimize this to directly check the overflow flag
+  return ((size >= MI_MUL_COULD_OVERFLOW || count >= MI_MUL_COULD_OVERFLOW) && size > 0 && (SIZE_MAX / size) < count);
+}
+#endif
+
+// Safe multiply `count*size` into `total`; return `true` on overflow.
+static inline bool mi_count_size_overflow(size_t count, size_t size, size_t* total) {
+  if (count==1) {  // quick check for the case where count is one (common for C++ allocators)
+    *total = size;
+    return false;
+  }
+  else if mi_unlikely(mi_mul_overflow(count, size, total)) {
+    #if MI_DEBUG > 0
+    _mi_error_message(EOVERFLOW, "allocation request is too large (%zu * %zu bytes)\n", count, size);
+    #endif
+    *total = SIZE_MAX;
+    return true;
+  }
+  else return false;
+}
+
+
+/*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+  Heap functions
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+extern mi_decl_hidden const mi_heap_t _mi_heap_empty;  // read-only empty heap, initial value of the thread local default heap
+
+static inline bool mi_heap_is_backing(const mi_heap_t* heap) {
+  return (heap->tld->heap_backing == heap);
+}
+
+static inline bool mi_heap_is_initialized(mi_heap_t* heap) {
+  mi_assert_internal(heap != NULL);
+  return (heap != NULL && heap != &_mi_heap_empty);
+}
+
+static inline uintptr_t _mi_ptr_cookie(const void* p) {
+  extern mi_decl_hidden mi_heap_t _mi_heap_main;
+  mi_assert_internal(_mi_heap_main.cookie != 0);
+  return ((uintptr_t)p ^ _mi_heap_main.cookie);
+}
+
+/* -----------------------------------------------------------
+  Pages
+----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static inline mi_page_t* _mi_heap_get_free_small_page(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size) {
+  mi_assert_internal(size <= (MI_SMALL_SIZE_MAX + MI_PADDING_SIZE));
+  const size_t idx = _mi_wsize_from_size(size);
+  mi_assert_internal(idx < MI_PAGES_DIRECT);
+  return heap->pages_free_direct[idx];
+}
+
+// Segment that contains the pointer
+// Large aligned blocks may be aligned at N*MI_SEGMENT_SIZE (inside a huge segment > MI_SEGMENT_SIZE),
+// and we need align "down" to the segment info which is `MI_SEGMENT_SIZE` bytes before it;
+// therefore we align one byte before `p`.
+// We check for NULL afterwards on 64-bit systems to improve codegen for `mi_free`.
+static inline mi_segment_t* _mi_ptr_segment(const void* p) {
+  mi_segment_t* const segment = (mi_segment_t*)(((uintptr_t)p - 1) & ~MI_SEGMENT_MASK);
+  #if MI_INTPTR_SIZE <= 4
+  return (p==NULL ? NULL : segment);
+  #else
+  return ((intptr_t)segment <= 0 ? NULL : segment);
+  #endif
+}
+
+static inline mi_page_t* mi_slice_to_page(mi_slice_t* s) {
+  mi_assert_internal(s->slice_offset== 0 && s->slice_count > 0);
+  return (mi_page_t*)(s);
+}
+
+static inline mi_slice_t* mi_page_to_slice(mi_page_t* p) {
+  mi_assert_internal(p->slice_offset== 0 && p->slice_count > 0);
+  return (mi_slice_t*)(p);
+}
+
+// Segment belonging to a page
+static inline mi_segment_t* _mi_page_segment(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  mi_assert_internal(page!=NULL);
+  mi_segment_t* segment = _mi_ptr_segment(page);
+  mi_assert_internal(segment == NULL || ((mi_slice_t*)page >= segment->slices && (mi_slice_t*)page < segment->slices + segment->slice_entries));
+  return segment;
+}
+
+static inline mi_slice_t* mi_slice_first(const mi_slice_t* slice) {
+  mi_slice_t* start = (mi_slice_t*)((uint8_t*)slice - slice->slice_offset);
+  mi_assert_internal(start >= _mi_ptr_segment(slice)->slices);
+  mi_assert_internal(start->slice_offset == 0);
+  mi_assert_internal(start + start->slice_count > slice);
+  return start;
+}
+
+// Get the page containing the pointer (performance critical as it is called in mi_free)
+static inline mi_page_t* _mi_segment_page_of(const mi_segment_t* segment, const void* p) {
+  mi_assert_internal(p > (void*)segment);
+  ptrdiff_t diff = (uint8_t*)p - (uint8_t*)segment;
+  mi_assert_internal(diff > 0 && diff <= (ptrdiff_t)MI_SEGMENT_SIZE);
+  size_t idx = (size_t)diff >> MI_SEGMENT_SLICE_SHIFT;
+  mi_assert_internal(idx <= segment->slice_entries);
+  mi_slice_t* slice0 = (mi_slice_t*)&segment->slices[idx];
+  mi_slice_t* slice = mi_slice_first(slice0);  // adjust to the block that holds the page data
+  mi_assert_internal(slice->slice_offset == 0);
+  mi_assert_internal(slice >= segment->slices && slice < segment->slices + segment->slice_entries);
+  return mi_slice_to_page(slice);
+}
+
+// Quick page start for initialized pages
+static inline uint8_t* mi_page_start(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  mi_assert_internal(page->page_start != NULL);
+  mi_assert_expensive(_mi_segment_page_start(_mi_page_segment(page),page,NULL) == page->page_start);
+  return page->page_start;
+}
+
+// Get the page containing the pointer
+static inline mi_page_t* _mi_ptr_page(void* p) {
+  mi_assert_internal(p!=NULL);
+  return _mi_segment_page_of(_mi_ptr_segment(p), p);
+}
+
+// Get the block size of a page (special case for huge objects)
+static inline size_t mi_page_block_size(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  mi_assert_internal(page->block_size > 0);
+  return page->block_size;
+}
+
+static inline bool mi_page_is_huge(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  mi_assert_internal((page->is_huge && _mi_page_segment(page)->kind == MI_SEGMENT_HUGE) ||
+                     (!page->is_huge && _mi_page_segment(page)->kind != MI_SEGMENT_HUGE));
+  return page->is_huge;
+}
+
+// Get the usable block size of a page without fixed padding.
+// This may still include internal padding due to alignment and rounding up size classes.
+static inline size_t mi_page_usable_block_size(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  return mi_page_block_size(page) - MI_PADDING_SIZE;
+}
+
+// size of a segment
+static inline size_t mi_segment_size(mi_segment_t* segment) {
+  return segment->segment_slices * MI_SEGMENT_SLICE_SIZE;
+}
+
+static inline uint8_t* mi_segment_end(mi_segment_t* segment) {
+  return (uint8_t*)segment + mi_segment_size(segment);
+}
+
+// Thread free access
+static inline mi_block_t* mi_page_thread_free(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  return (mi_block_t*)(mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&((mi_page_t*)page)->xthread_free) & ~3);
+}
+
+static inline mi_delayed_t mi_page_thread_free_flag(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  return (mi_delayed_t)(mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&((mi_page_t*)page)->xthread_free) & 3);
+}
+
+// Heap access
+static inline mi_heap_t* mi_page_heap(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  return (mi_heap_t*)(mi_atomic_load_relaxed(&((mi_page_t*)page)->xheap));
+}
+
+static inline void mi_page_set_heap(mi_page_t* page, mi_heap_t* heap) {
+  mi_assert_internal(mi_page_thread_free_flag(page) != MI_DELAYED_FREEING);
+  mi_atomic_store_release(&page->xheap,(uintptr_t)heap);
+  if (heap != NULL) { page->heap_tag = heap->tag; }
+}
+
+// Thread free flag helpers
+static inline mi_block_t* mi_tf_block(mi_thread_free_t tf) {
+  return (mi_block_t*)(tf & ~0x03);
+}
+static inline mi_delayed_t mi_tf_delayed(mi_thread_free_t tf) {
+  return (mi_delayed_t)(tf & 0x03);
+}
+static inline mi_thread_free_t mi_tf_make(mi_block_t* block, mi_delayed_t delayed) {
+  return (mi_thread_free_t)((uintptr_t)block | (uintptr_t)delayed);
+}
+static inline mi_thread_free_t mi_tf_set_delayed(mi_thread_free_t tf, mi_delayed_t delayed) {
+  return mi_tf_make(mi_tf_block(tf),delayed);
+}
+static inline mi_thread_free_t mi_tf_set_block(mi_thread_free_t tf, mi_block_t* block) {
+  return mi_tf_make(block, mi_tf_delayed(tf));
+}
+
+// are all blocks in a page freed?
+// note: needs up-to-date used count, (as the `xthread_free` list may not be empty). see `_mi_page_collect_free`.
+static inline bool mi_page_all_free(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  mi_assert_internal(page != NULL);
+  return (page->used == 0);
+}
+
+// are there any available blocks?
+static inline bool mi_page_has_any_available(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  mi_assert_internal(page != NULL && page->reserved > 0);
+  return (page->used < page->reserved || (mi_page_thread_free(page) != NULL));
+}
+
+// are there immediately available blocks, i.e. blocks available on the free list.
+static inline bool mi_page_immediate_available(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  mi_assert_internal(page != NULL);
+  return (page->free != NULL);
+}
+
+// is more than 7/8th of a page in use?
+static inline bool mi_page_is_mostly_used(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  if (page==NULL) return true;
+  uint16_t frac = page->reserved / 8U;
+  return (page->reserved - page->used <= frac);
+}
+
+static inline mi_page_queue_t* mi_page_queue(const mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size) {
+  return &((mi_heap_t*)heap)->pages[_mi_bin(size)];
+}
+
+
+
+//-----------------------------------------------------------
+// Page flags
+//-----------------------------------------------------------
+static inline bool mi_page_is_in_full(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  return page->flags.x.in_full;
+}
+
+static inline void mi_page_set_in_full(mi_page_t* page, bool in_full) {
+  page->flags.x.in_full = in_full;
+}
+
+static inline bool mi_page_has_aligned(const mi_page_t* page) {
+  return page->flags.x.has_aligned;
+}
+
+static inline void mi_page_set_has_aligned(mi_page_t* page, bool has_aligned) {
+  page->flags.x.has_aligned = has_aligned;
+}
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------
+  Guarded objects
+------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+#if MI_GUARDED
+static inline bool mi_block_ptr_is_guarded(const mi_block_t* block, const void* p) {
+  const ptrdiff_t offset = (uint8_t*)p - (uint8_t*)block;
+  return (offset >= (ptrdiff_t)(sizeof(mi_block_t)) && block->next == MI_BLOCK_TAG_GUARDED);
+}
+
+static inline bool mi_heap_malloc_use_guarded(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size) {
+  // this code is written to result in fast assembly as it is on the hot path for allocation
+  const size_t count = heap->guarded_sample_count - 1;  // if the rate was 0, this will underflow and count for a long time..
+  if mi_likely(count != 0) {
+    // no sample
+    heap->guarded_sample_count = count;
+    return false;
+  }
+  else if (size >= heap->guarded_size_min && size <= heap->guarded_size_max) {
+    // use guarded allocation
+    heap->guarded_sample_count = heap->guarded_sample_rate;  // reset
+    return (heap->guarded_sample_rate != 0);
+  }
+  else {
+    // failed size criteria, rewind count (but don't write to an empty heap)
+    if (heap->guarded_sample_rate != 0) { heap->guarded_sample_count = 1; }
+    return false;
+  }
+}
+
+mi_decl_restrict void* _mi_heap_malloc_guarded(mi_heap_t* heap, size_t size, bool zero) mi_attr_noexcept;
+
+#endif
+
+
+/* -------------------------------------------------------------------
+Encoding/Decoding the free list next pointers
+
+This is to protect against buffer overflow exploits where the
+free list is mutated. Many hardened allocators xor the next pointer `p`
+with a secret key `k1`, as `p^k1`. This prevents overwriting with known
+values but might be still too weak: if the attacker can guess
+the pointer `p` this  can reveal `k1` (since `p^k1^p == k1`).
+Moreover, if multiple blocks can be read as well, the attacker can
+xor both as `(p1^k1) ^ (p2^k1) == p1^p2` which may reveal a lot
+about the pointers (and subsequently `k1`).
+
+Instead mimalloc uses an extra key `k2` and encodes as `((p^k2)<<<k1)+k1`.
+Since these operations are not associative, the above approaches do not
+work so well any more even if the `p` can be guesstimated. For example,
+for the read case we can subtract two entries to discard the `+k1` term,
+but that leads to `((p1^k2)<<<k1) - ((p2^k2)<<<k1)` at best.
+We include the left-rotation since xor and addition are otherwise linear
+in the lowest bit. Finally, both keys are unique per page which reduces
+the re-use of keys by a large factor.
+
+We also pass a separate `null` value to be used as `NULL` or otherwise
+`(k2<<<k1)+k1` would appear (too) often as a sentinel value.
+------------------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static inline bool mi_is_in_same_segment(const void* p, const void* q) {
+  return (_mi_ptr_segment(p) == _mi_ptr_segment(q));
+}
+
+static inline bool mi_is_in_same_page(const void* p, const void* q) {
+  mi_segment_t* segment = _mi_ptr_segment(p);
+  if (_mi_ptr_segment(q) != segment) return false;
+  // assume q may be invalid // return (_mi_segment_page_of(segment, p) == _mi_segment_page_of(segment, q));
+  mi_page_t* page = _mi_segment_page_of(segment, p);
+  size_t psize;
+  uint8_t* start = _mi_segment_page_start(segment, page, &psize);
+  return (start <= (uint8_t*)q && (uint8_t*)q < start + psize);
+}
+
+static inline uintptr_t mi_rotl(uintptr_t x, uintptr_t shift) {
+  shift %= MI_INTPTR_BITS;
+  return (shift==0 ? x : ((x << shift) | (x >> (MI_INTPTR_BITS - shift))));
+}
+static inline uintptr_t mi_rotr(uintptr_t x, uintptr_t shift) {
+  shift %= MI_INTPTR_BITS;
+  return (shift==0 ? x : ((x >> shift) | (x << (MI_INTPTR_BITS - shift))));
+}
+
+static inline void* mi_ptr_decode(const void* null, const mi_encoded_t x, const uintptr_t* keys) {
+  void* p = (void*)(mi_rotr(x - keys[0], keys[0]) ^ keys[1]);
+  return (p==null ? NULL : p);
+}
+
+static inline mi_encoded_t mi_ptr_encode(const void* null, const void* p, const uintptr_t* keys) {
+  uintptr_t x = (uintptr_t)(p==NULL ? null : p);
+  return mi_rotl(x ^ keys[1], keys[0]) + keys[0];
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t mi_ptr_encode_canary(const void* null, const void* p, const uintptr_t* keys) {
+  const uint32_t x = (uint32_t)(mi_ptr_encode(null,p,keys));
+  // make the lowest byte 0 to prevent spurious read overflows which could be a security issue (issue #951)
+  #ifdef MI_BIG_ENDIAN
+  return (x & 0x00FFFFFF);
+  #else
+  return (x & 0xFFFFFF00);
+  #endif
+}
+
+static inline mi_block_t* mi_block_nextx( const void* null, const mi_block_t* block, const uintptr_t* keys ) {
+  mi_track_mem_defined(block,sizeof(mi_block_t));
+  mi_block_t* next;
+  #ifdef MI_ENCODE_FREELIST
+  next = (mi_block_t*)mi_ptr_decode(null, block->next, keys);
+  #else
+  MI_UNUSED(keys); MI_UNUSED(null);
+  next = (mi_block_t*)block->next;
+  #endif
+  mi_track_mem_noaccess(block,sizeof(mi_block_t));
+  return next;
+}
+
+static inline void mi_block_set_nextx(const void* null, mi_block_t* block, const mi_block_t* next, const uintptr_t* keys) {
+  mi_track_mem_undefined(block,sizeof(mi_block_t));
+  #ifdef MI_ENCODE_FREELIST
+  block->next = mi_ptr_encode(null, next, keys);
+  #else
+  MI_UNUSED(keys); MI_UNUSED(null);
+  block->next = (mi_encoded_t)next;
+  #endif
+  mi_track_mem_noaccess(block,sizeof(mi_block_t));
+}
+
+static inline mi_block_t* mi_block_next(const mi_page_t* page, const mi_block_t* block) {
+  #ifdef MI_ENCODE_FREELIST
+  mi_block_t* next = mi_block_nextx(page,block,page->keys);
+  // check for free list corruption: is `next` at least in the same page?
+  // TODO: check if `next` is `page->block_size` aligned?
+  if mi_unlikely(next!=NULL && !mi_is_in_same_page(block, next)) {
+    _mi_error_message(EFAULT, "corrupted free list entry of size %zub at %p: value 0x%zx\n", mi_page_block_size(page), block, (uintptr_t)next);
+    next = NULL;
+  }
+  return next;
+  #else
+  MI_UNUSED(page);
+  return mi_block_nextx(page,block,NULL);
+  #endif
+}
+
+static inline void mi_block_set_next(const mi_page_t* page, mi_block_t* block, const mi_block_t* next) {
+  #ifdef MI_ENCODE_FREELIST
+  mi_block_set_nextx(page,block,next, page->keys);
+  #else
+  MI_UNUSED(page);
+  mi_block_set_nextx(page,block,next,NULL);
+  #endif
+}
+
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+// commit mask
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+static inline void mi_commit_mask_create_empty(mi_commit_mask_t* cm) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < MI_COMMIT_MASK_FIELD_COUNT; i++) {
+    cm->mask[i] = 0;
+  }
+}
+
+static inline void mi_commit_mask_create_full(mi_commit_mask_t* cm) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < MI_COMMIT_MASK_FIELD_COUNT; i++) {
+    cm->mask[i] = ~((size_t)0);
+  }
+}
+
+static inline bool mi_commit_mask_is_empty(const mi_commit_mask_t* cm) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < MI_COMMIT_MASK_FIELD_COUNT; i++) {
+    if (cm->mask[i] != 0) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static inline bool mi_commit_mask_is_full(const mi_commit_mask_t* cm) {
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < MI_COMMIT_MASK_FIELD_COUNT; i++) {
+    if (cm->mask[i] != ~((size_t)0)) return false;
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+// defined in `segment.c`:
+size_t _mi_commit_mask_committed_size(const mi_commit_mask_t* cm, size_t total);
+size_t _mi_commit_mask_next_run(const mi_commit_mask_t* cm, size_t* idx);
+
+#define mi_commit_mask_foreach(cm,idx,count) \
+  idx = 0; \
+  while ((count = _mi_commit_mask_next_run(cm,&idx)) > 0) {
+
+#define mi_commit_mask_foreach_end() \
+    idx += count; \
+  }
+
+
+
+/* -----------------------------------------------------------
+  memory id's
+----------------------------------------------------------- */
+
+static inline mi_memid_t _mi_memid_create(mi_memkind_t memkind) {
+  mi_memid_t memid;
+  _mi_memzero_var(memid);
+  memid.memkind = memkind;
+  return memid;
+}
+
+static inline mi_memid_t _mi_memid_none(void) {
+  return _mi_memid_create(MI_MEM_NONE);
+}
+
+static inline mi_memid_t _mi_memid_create_os(void* base, size_t size, bool committed, bool is_zero, bool is_large) {
+  mi_memid_t memid = _mi_memid_create(MI_MEM_OS);
+  memid.mem.os.base = base;
+  memid.mem.os.size = size;
+  memid.initially_committed = committed;
+  memid.initially_zero = is_zero;
+  memid.is_pinned = is_large;
+  return memid;
+}
+
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Fast "random" shuffle
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+static inline uintptr_t _mi_random_shuffle(uintptr_t x) {
+  if (x==0) { x = 17; }   // ensure we don't get stuck in generating zeros
+#if (MI_INTPTR_SIZE>=8)
+  // by Sebastiano Vigna, see: <http://xoshiro.di.unimi.it/splitmix64.c>
+  x ^= x >> 30;
+  x *= 0xbf58476d1ce4e5b9UL;
+  x ^= x >> 27;
+  x *= 0x94d049bb133111ebUL;
+  x ^= x >> 31;
+#elif (MI_INTPTR_SIZE==4)
+  // by Chris Wellons, see: <https://nullprogram.com/blog/2018/07/31/>
+  x ^= x >> 16;
+  x *= 0x7feb352dUL;
+  x ^= x >> 15;
+  x *= 0x846ca68bUL;
+  x ^= x >> 16;
+#endif
+  return x;
+}
+
+
+
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Count bits: trailing or leading zeros (with MI_INTPTR_BITS on all zero)
+// -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__)
+
+#include <limits.h>       // LONG_MAX
+#define MI_HAVE_FAST_BITSCAN
+static inline size_t mi_clz(size_t x) {
+  if (x==0) return MI_SIZE_BITS;
+  #if (SIZE_MAX == ULONG_MAX)
+    return __builtin_clzl(x);
+  #else
+    return __builtin_clzll(x);
+  #endif
+}
+static inline size_t mi_ctz(size_t x) {
+  if (x==0) return MI_SIZE_BITS;
+  #if (SIZE_MAX == ULONG_MAX)
+    return __builtin_ctzl(x);
+  #else
+    return __builtin_ctzll(x);
+  #endif
+}
+
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+
+#include <limits.h>       // LONG_MAX
+#include <intrin.h>       // BitScanReverse64
+#define MI_HAVE_FAST_BITSCAN
+static inline size_t mi_clz(size_t x) {
+  if (x==0) return MI_SIZE_BITS;
+  unsigned long idx;
+  #if (SIZE_MAX == ULONG_MAX)
+    _BitScanReverse(&idx, x);
+  #else
+    _BitScanReverse64(&idx, x);
+  #endif
+  return ((MI_SIZE_BITS - 1) - (size_t)idx);
+}
+static inline size_t mi_ctz(size_t x) {
+  if (x==0) return MI_SIZE_BITS;
+  unsigned long idx;
+  #if (SIZE_MAX == ULONG_MAX)
+    _BitScanForward(&idx, x);
+  #else
+    _BitScanForward64(&idx, x);
+  #endif
+  return (size_t)idx;
+}
+
+#else
+
+static inline size_t mi_ctz_generic32(uint32_t x) {
+  // de Bruijn multiplication, see <http://supertech.csail.mit.edu/papers/debruijn.pdf>
+  static const uint8_t debruijn[32] = {
+    0, 1, 28, 2, 29, 14, 24, 3, 30, 22, 20, 15, 25, 17, 4, 8,
+    31, 27, 13, 23, 21, 19, 16, 7, 26, 12, 18, 6, 11, 5, 10, 9
+  };
+  if (x==0) return 32;
+  return debruijn[(uint32_t)((x & -(int32_t)x) * (uint32_t)(0x077CB531U)) >> 27];
+}
+
+static inline size_t mi_clz_generic32(uint32_t x) {
+  // de Bruijn multiplication, see <http://supertech.csail.mit.edu/papers/debruijn.pdf>
+  static const uint8_t debruijn[32] = {
+    31, 22, 30, 21, 18, 10, 29, 2, 20, 17, 15, 13, 9, 6, 28, 1,
+    23, 19, 11, 3, 16, 14, 7, 24, 12, 4, 8, 25, 5, 26, 27, 0
+  };
+  if (x==0) return 32;
+  x |= x >> 1;
+  x |= x >> 2;
+  x |= x >> 4;
+  x |= x >> 8;
+  x |= x >> 16;
+  return debruijn[(uint32_t)(x * (uint32_t)(0x07C4ACDDU)) >> 27];
+}
+
+static inline size_t mi_ctz(size_t x) {
+  if (x==0) return MI_SIZE_BITS;
+  #if (MI_SIZE_BITS <= 32)
+    return mi_ctz_generic32((uint32_t)x);
+  #else
+    const uint32_t lo = (uint32_t)x;
+    if (lo != 0) {
+      return mi_ctz_generic32(lo);
+    }
+    else {
+      return (32 + mi_ctz_generic32((uint32_t)(x>>32)));
+    }
+  #endif
+}
+
+static inline size_t mi_clz(size_t x) {
+  if (x==0) return MI_SIZE_BITS;
+  #if (MI_SIZE_BITS <= 32)
+    return mi_clz_generic32((uint32_t)x);
+  #else
+    const uint32_t hi = (uint32_t)(x>>32);
+    if (hi != 0) {
+      return mi_clz_generic32(hi);
+    }
+    else {
+      return 32 + mi_clz_generic32((uint32_t)x);
+    }
+  #endif
+}
+
+#endif
+
+// "bit scan reverse": Return index of the highest bit (or MI_SIZE_BITS if `x` is zero)
+static inline size_t mi_bsr(size_t x) {
+  return (x==0 ? MI_SIZE_BITS : MI_SIZE_BITS - 1 - mi_clz(x));
+}
+
+size_t _mi_popcount_generic(size_t x);
+
+static inline size_t mi_popcount(size_t x) {
+  if (x<=1) return x;
+  if (x==SIZE_MAX) return MI_SIZE_BITS;
+  #if defined(__GNUC__)
+    #if (SIZE_MAX == ULONG_MAX)
+      return __builtin_popcountl(x);
+    #else
+      return __builtin_popcountll(x);
+    #endif
+  #else
+    return _mi_popcount_generic(x);
+  #endif
+}
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// Provide our own `_mi_memcpy` for potential performance optimizations.
+//
+// For now, only on Windows with msvc/clang-cl we optimize to `rep movsb` if
+// we happen to run on x86/x64 cpu's that have "fast short rep movsb" (FSRM) support
+// (AMD Zen3+ (~2020) or Intel Ice Lake+ (~2017). See also issue #201 and pr #253.
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if !MI_TRACK_ENABLED && defined(_WIN32) && (defined(_M_IX86) || defined(_M_X64))
+#include <intrin.h>
+extern mi_decl_hidden bool _mi_cpu_has_fsrm;
+extern mi_decl_hidden bool _mi_cpu_has_erms;
+static inline void _mi_memcpy(void* dst, const void* src, size_t n) {
+  if ((_mi_cpu_has_fsrm && n <= 128) || (_mi_cpu_has_erms && n > 128)) {
+    __movsb((unsigned char*)dst, (const unsigned char*)src, n);
+  }
+  else {
+    memcpy(dst, src, n);
+  }
+}
+static inline void _mi_memzero(void* dst, size_t n) {
+  if ((_mi_cpu_has_fsrm && n <= 128) || (_mi_cpu_has_erms && n > 128)) {
+    __stosb((unsigned char*)dst, 0, n);
+  }
+  else {
+    memset(dst, 0, n);
+  }
+}
+#else
+static inline void _mi_memcpy(void* dst, const void* src, size_t n) {
+  memcpy(dst, src, n);
+}
+static inline void _mi_memzero(void* dst, size_t n) {
+  memset(dst, 0, n);
+}
+#endif
+
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// The `_mi_memcpy_aligned` can be used if the pointers are machine-word aligned
+// This is used for example in `mi_realloc`.
+// -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+#if (defined(__GNUC__) && (__GNUC__ >= 4)) || defined(__clang__)
+// On GCC/CLang we provide a hint that the pointers are word aligned.
+static inline void _mi_memcpy_aligned(void* dst, const void* src, size_t n) {
+  mi_assert_internal(((uintptr_t)dst % MI_INTPTR_SIZE == 0) && ((uintptr_t)src % MI_INTPTR_SIZE == 0));
+  void* adst = __builtin_assume_aligned(dst, MI_INTPTR_SIZE);
+  const void* asrc = __builtin_assume_aligned(src, MI_INTPTR_SIZE);
+  _mi_memcpy(adst, asrc, n);
+}
+
+static inline void _mi_memzero_aligned(void* dst, size_t n) {
+  mi_assert_internal((uintptr_t)dst % MI_INTPTR_SIZE == 0);
+  void* adst = __builtin_assume_aligned(dst, MI_INTPTR_SIZE);
+  _mi_memzero(adst, n);
+}
+#else
+// Default fallback on `_mi_memcpy`
+static inline void _mi_memcpy_aligned(void* dst, const void* src, size_t n) {
+  mi_assert_internal(((uintptr_t)dst % MI_INTPTR_SIZE == 0) && ((uintptr_t)src % MI_INTPTR_SIZE == 0));
+  _mi_memcpy(dst, src, n);
+}
+
+static inline void _mi_memzero_aligned(void* dst, size_t n) {
+  mi_assert_internal((uintptr_t)dst % MI_INTPTR_SIZE == 0);
+  _mi_memzero(dst, n);
+}
+#endif
+
+
+#endif