@rangojs/router 0.0.0-experimental.13 → 0.0.0-experimental.131

package/skills/host-router/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,278 @@
+---
+name: host-router
+description: Multi-app host routing with domain/subdomain patterns
+argument-hint:
+---
+
+# Host Router
+
+Route requests to different apps based on domain, subdomain, or path prefix patterns. Supports middleware, lazy loading, cookie-based host override for dev, and a fallback handler.
+
+## Import
+
+```typescript
+import { createHostRouter, defineHosts } from "@rangojs/router/host";
+```
+
+## Basic Setup
+
+```typescript
+// host-router.ts
+import { createHostRouter } from "@rangojs/router/host";
+
+const router = createHostRouter();
+
+router.host(["."]).lazy(() => import("./apps/main"));
+router.host(["admin.*"]).lazy(() => import("./apps/admin"));
+router.host(["api.*"]).lazy(() => import("./apps/api"));
+
+export default {
+  fetch(request: Request, env: Env, ctx: ExecutionContext) {
+    return router.match(request, { env, ctx });
+  },
+};
+```
+
+## Inline handlers (`.map`) vs lazy mounts (`.lazy`)
+
+A host pattern maps to one of two things, and you pick the method by intent:
+
+| Method  | Argument                       | Use for                                                      |
+| ------- | ------------------------------ | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
+| `.map`  | `(request, input) => Response` | An inline request handler that produces a response directly. |
+| `.lazy` | `() => import("./sub-app")`    | A lazily-imported handler or nested host router (a sub-app). |
+
+```typescript
+// Lazy mount: the module's default export is a handler or a HostRouter.
+router.host(["admin.*"]).lazy(() => import("./apps/admin"));
+
+// Inline handler: returns a Response itself (sync or async).
+router.host(["health.*"]).map(() => new Response("ok"));
+router
+  .host(["echo.*"])
+  .map((request) => new Response(new URL(request.url).pathname));
+```
+
+Why two methods instead of one overloaded `.map()`:
+
+- **Build-time discovery** invokes only `.lazy()` mounts (to trigger each sub-app's `createRouter()` registration). Inline `.map()` handlers are never invoked during discovery, so they can't crash it or pollute its errors.
+- `.map(() => import("./sub-app"))` is a **type error** — a lazy import resolves to a module, not a `Response`. Use `.lazy()` for imports. (If the types are bypassed, e.g. from JS, a `.map()` handler that resolves to a module throws a clear `HostRouterError` at request time instead of returning the module.)
+- A lazy loader may declare an ignored parameter (`.lazy((_request?) => import("./x"))`); `.lazy()` accepts it because intent is explicit, not inferred from the signature.
+
+## Pattern Syntax
+
+| Pattern           | Matches                                        |
+| ----------------- | ---------------------------------------------- |
+| `.` or `*`        | Any apex domain (`example.com`)                |
+| `**`              | Any domain (apex + all subdomains)             |
+| `*.`              | Any single-level subdomain (`www.example.com`) |
+| `**. `            | Any multi-level subdomain (`a.b.example.com`)  |
+| `example.com`     | Exact domain                                   |
+| `*.com`           | Any apex `.com` domain                         |
+| `*.example.com`   | Single subdomain of `example.com`              |
+| `**.example.com`  | Any depth subdomain of `example.com`           |
+| `admin.*`         | `admin` subdomain of any apex domain           |
+| `admin.**`        | `admin` subdomain of any domain                |
+| `admin.`          | `admin` subdomain of any apex (no wildcard)    |
+| `example.com/api` | Domain + path prefix (prefix match)            |
+
+Patterns are tested in registration order. First match wins.
+
+## `defineHosts` for Type Safety
+
+```typescript
+import { defineHosts } from "@rangojs/router/host";
+
+const hosts = defineHosts({
+  admin: "admin.*",
+  api: "api.*",
+  app: [".", "www.*"],
+});
+
+router.host(hosts.admin).lazy(() => import("./apps/admin"));
+router.host(hosts.app).lazy(() => import("./apps/main"));
+```
+
+Returns a frozen object — keys are autocompleted by TypeScript.
+
+## Middleware
+
+Global middleware runs for every matched route. Per-route middleware runs only for that host pattern.
+
+```typescript
+const router = createHostRouter();
+
+// Global — runs for all routes
+router.use(async (request, input, next) => {
+  console.log(`[${new Date().toISOString()}] ${request.url}`);
+  return next();
+});
+
+// Per-route
+router
+  .host(["admin.*"])
+  .use(requireAuth)
+  .lazy(() => import("./apps/admin"));
+```
+
+Middleware signature: `(request: Request, input: RouterRequestInput, next: () => Promise<Response>) => Promise<Response>`
+
+Calling `next()` more than once throws.
+
+## Fallback Handler
+
+Handles cookie-override errors when `hostOverride` is configured (e.g., override from a disallowed host, invalid cookie hostname). The fallback does **not** catch unmatched hosts — those throw `NoRouteMatchError`. Catch that at the worker level if you need a 404.
+
+```typescript
+const router = createHostRouter({
+  hostOverride: { cookieName: "x-dev-host", allowedHosts: ["localhost"] },
+});
+
+// Called when cookie override fails (not for general unmatched hosts)
+router.fallback().map((request) => {
+  return new Response("Invalid host override", { status: 400 });
+});
+```
+
+For unmatched hosts without `hostOverride`, catch `NoRouteMatchError` in your worker fetch:
+
+```typescript
+import { NoRouteMatchError } from "@rangojs/router/host";
+
+export default {
+  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env, ctx: ExecutionContext) {
+    try {
+      return await router.match(request, { env, ctx });
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (err instanceof NoRouteMatchError) {
+        return new Response("Not Found", { status: 404 });
+      }
+      throw err;
+    }
+  },
+};
+```
+
+## Cookie-Based Host Override
+
+For development: route requests to a different app based on a cookie value, allowing developers to test different host routes from a single domain.
+
+```typescript
+const router = createHostRouter({
+  hostOverride: {
+    cookieName: "x-dev-host",
+    allowedHosts: ["localhost", "**.dev.example.com"],
+    validate: (request, cookieValue, input) => {
+      // Optional custom validation — return the effective hostname
+      return cookieValue;
+    },
+  },
+});
+```
+
+When a request arrives:
+
+1. If no cookie → use actual hostname
+2. If cookie present and host is in `allowedHosts` → use cookie value as hostname
+3. If cookie present but host not allowed → throw `HostOverrideNotAllowedError`
+
+Without a custom `validate`, the cookie value is validated as a hostname via `new URL()`.
+
+## Debug Mode
+
+```typescript
+const router = createHostRouter({ debug: true });
+```
+
+Logs pattern matching, route registration, and cookie override decisions to console.
+
+## Testing
+
+```typescript
+import {
+  createTestRequest,
+  testPattern,
+  matchesHost,
+} from "@rangojs/router/host/testing";
+
+// Test pattern matching (host-only)
+testPattern("admin.*", "admin.example.com"); // true
+testPattern([".", "www.*"], "example.com"); // true
+
+// Path-based patterns need the third pathname arg (defaults to "/", so a
+// host-only pattern still works with two args):
+testPattern("**.workers.dev/admin", "foo.workers.dev", "/admin"); // true
+
+// Or match a pattern against a real Request (hostname + pathname from the URL):
+matchesHost(
+  "**.workers.dev/admin",
+  new Request("https://foo.workers.dev/admin"),
+); // true
+
+// Create requests for integration tests
+const request = createTestRequest({
+  host: "admin.example.com",
+  path: "/dashboard",
+  cookies: { "x-dev-host": "api.example.com" },
+});
+
+// Test which route would match (without executing)
+router.test("admin.example.com"); // { pattern, handler, kind } | null
+```
+
+## Error Types
+
+All errors extend `HostRouterError`:
+
+| Error                         | When                                                                                              |
+| ----------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `InvalidPatternError`         | Pattern is empty, non-string, or has spaces                                                       |
+| `HostOverrideNotAllowedError` | Cookie override from disallowed host                                                              |
+| `InvalidHostnameError`        | Cookie value isn't a valid hostname                                                               |
+| `HostValidationError`         | Custom `validate` function threw                                                                  |
+| `NoRouteMatchError`           | No host pattern matched the request                                                               |
+| `InvalidHandlerError`         | Handler is not a function, or a lazy mount resolved to a module without a usable `default` export |
+| `HostRouterError`             | A `.map()` inline handler resolved to a module namespace (a misused lazy import — use `.lazy()`)  |
+
+See the fallback section above for a `NoRouteMatchError` catch example.
+
+## Nesting Host Routers
+
+A lazy mount can resolve to another `HostRouter`:
+
+```typescript
+// apps/regional.ts
+import { createHostRouter } from "@rangojs/router/host";
+
+const regional = createHostRouter();
+regional.host(["us.*"]).lazy(() => import("./regions/us"));
+regional.host(["eu.*"]).lazy(() => import("./regions/eu"));
+
+export default regional;
+```
+
+```typescript
+// host-router.ts
+router.host(["**.regional.example.com"]).lazy(() => import("./apps/regional"));
+```
+
+## Cross-app navigation is a full document load
+
+A client-side navigation that crosses an app boundary (e.g. a `<Link>` or
+intercepted `<a>` from the app at `/` into an app mounted at `/shop`) is a **hard
+document navigation**, not a soft in-tree swap. When the server sees a partial
+(SPA) request whose router id doesn't match the matched app, it returns
+`X-RSC-Reload` and the client does a real document navigation to the target.
+
+Why a reload rather than a soft swap: a soft swap can't faithfully re-establish
+the target app's **document-level** state. Stylesheets shared across apps are
+dropped by React 19's by-`href` resource dedup; and theme, warmup, and
+prefetch-TTL are document-lifetime (captured once at load — see
+`browser/app-shell.ts`), so the target app's config would never take effect. A
+full document load re-establishes the target app's entire document — CSS, theme,
+meta, everything — by construction. So you do **not** need to coordinate
+stylesheet `href`s, `precedence`, theme config, etc. across independently-authored
+apps; each app owns its own document.
+
+**Within-app** navigation is unchanged — a normal soft SPA update (the document
+stays mounted). Only crossing an app boundary triggers the reload.

package/skills/i18n/SKILL.md

@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+---
+name: i18n
+description: Locale-aware routing with `include("/:locale?", ...)`, locale resolution chains, and react-intl integration
+argument-hint: "[topic]"
+---
+
+# Internationalization (i18n) and Locale Routing
+
+Rango doesn't ship an i18n module. The router gives you the URL primitives
+(optional include prefixes, constraints, typed reverse) and you compose
+them with whatever message library you use — `react-intl`, `lingui`,
+`@formatjs/intl`, or hand-rolled.
+
+This skill covers:
+
+- Mounting routes under an optional locale prefix (`/`, `/en`, `/gb`)
+- Constraining the prefix to a known locale set
+- Resolving the active locale (URL → cookie → `Accept-Language` → default)
+- Generating localized URLs via `reverse()` round-trip
+- Wiring `react-intl` into an RSC route tree
+
+## URL Shape: Optional Locale Prefix
+
+Mount your localized routes under an optional include prefix so the
+default locale lives at the bare URL and other locales get a prefix:
+
+```typescript
+// urls.tsx
+import { urls } from "@rangojs/router";
+import { menuRoutes } from "./menu";
+
+export const urlpatterns = urls(({ include }) => [
+  include("/:locale?", menuRoutes, { name: "menu" }),
+]);
+```
+
+URLs that match:
+
+| URL            | Matched route   | `ctx.params.locale` |
+| -------------- | --------------- | ------------------- |
+| `/`            | `menu.index`    | `undefined`         |
+| `/en`          | `menu.index`    | `"en"`              |
+| `/c/breads`    | `menu.category` | `undefined`         |
+| `/en/c/breads` | `menu.category` | `"en"`              |
+
+> **Constrain to known locales** when you want unknown locales to fall
+> through to other routes (or 404) instead of being treated as a slug:
+>
+> ```typescript
+> include("/:locale(en|gb|fr)?", menuRoutes, { name: "menu" });
+> ```
+>
+> `/de` now 404s (constraint rejects `de`), and `/c/breads` continues to
+> match `menu.category` with `locale: undefined`. Without the constraint,
+> `/de` would match `menu.index` with `locale: "de"`.
+
+## Reading the Locale in Handlers
+
+Absent optionals are `undefined` (not `""`), so `??` coalesces correctly:
+
+```typescript
+import { Handler } from "@rangojs/router";
+
+export const MenuIndex: Handler<"menu.index"> = (ctx) => {
+  // ctx.params.locale is `string | undefined`
+  const locale = resolveLocale(ctx);
+  return <Welcome locale={locale} />;
+};
+```
+
+The `resolveLocale` helper below implements a typical fallback chain.
+
+## Locale Resolution
+
+URL is the strongest signal but you usually want a fallback chain:
+
+1. **URL prefix** — if the user navigates to `/gb/...`, honor it
+2. **Cookie** — sticky preference set by a previous language switcher
+3. **`Accept-Language`** — browser hint
+4. **Default** — your app default
+
+Put it in a small helper that every locale-aware handler calls:
+
+```typescript
+// lib/locale.ts
+import { cookies, headers } from "@rangojs/router";
+
+export const SUPPORTED_LOCALES = ["en", "gb", "fr"] as const;
+export type Locale = (typeof SUPPORTED_LOCALES)[number];
+const DEFAULT_LOCALE: Locale = "en";
+
+const isSupported = (v: string): v is Locale =>
+  (SUPPORTED_LOCALES as readonly string[]).includes(v);
+
+export function resolveLocale(ctx: {
+  params: Record<string, string | undefined>;
+}): Locale {
+  const fromUrl = ctx.params.locale;
+  if (fromUrl && isSupported(fromUrl)) return fromUrl;
+
+  const fromCookie = cookies().get("locale")?.value;
+  if (fromCookie && isSupported(fromCookie)) return fromCookie;
+
+  const accept = headers().get("accept-language") ?? "";
+  for (const tag of accept.split(",")) {
+    const code = tag.split(";")[0].trim().split("-")[0];
+    if (isSupported(code)) return code as Locale;
+  }
+  return DEFAULT_LOCALE;
+}
+```
+
+If you want to redirect to the canonical URL when the resolved locale
+doesn't match the URL (e.g., user has `gb` cookie but visits `/`), do
+that in a global middleware so it covers actions too:
+
+```typescript
+import { redirect } from "@rangojs/router";
+
+router.use("/*", async (ctx, next) => {
+  const fromUrl = ctx.params.locale;
+  const resolved = resolveLocale(ctx);
+  if (resolved !== DEFAULT_LOCALE && !fromUrl) {
+    return redirect(`/${resolved}${ctx.url.pathname}`);
+  }
+  await next();
+});
+```
+
+## Generating Localized URLs
+
+`reverse()` treats `undefined` and `""` for an optional param as "absent"
+and collapses the segment cleanly. The round-trip is symmetric with the
+matcher:
+
+```typescript
+ctx.reverse("menu.index", { locale: "" }); // → "/"
+ctx.reverse("menu.index", { locale: undefined }); // → "/"
+ctx.reverse("menu.index", { locale: "en" }); // → "/en"
+ctx.reverse("menu.category", { locale: "en", slug: "breads" }); // → "/en/c/breads"
+ctx.reverse("menu.category", { slug: "breads" }); // → "/c/breads"
+```
+
+If the active locale is the app default and your URL strategy hides it
+(`"en"` → `/`, others → `/<locale>`), normalize before calling reverse:
+
+```typescript
+const normalized = locale === DEFAULT_LOCALE ? undefined : locale;
+const href = ctx.reverse("menu.category", { locale: normalized, slug });
+```
+
+## react-intl Integration
+
+`react-intl` needs a `<IntlProvider>` wrapping the tree, with `locale`
+and `messages` props. The cleanest split: load messages on the server
+(handler or layout), pass them through to a client provider component.
+
+### Messages loader
+
+Load message bundles per locale. Keep them server-side so they stream
+through the RSC payload and don't bloat the client bundle:
+
+```typescript
+// lib/messages.ts
+import type { Locale } from "./locale";
+
+const loaders: Record<Locale, () => Promise<Record<string, string>>> = {
+  en: () => import("../messages/en.json").then((m) => m.default),
+  gb: () => import("../messages/gb.json").then((m) => m.default),
+  fr: () => import("../messages/fr.json").then((m) => m.default),
+};
+
+export async function loadMessages(locale: Locale) {
+  return loaders[locale]();
+}
+```
+
+### Server layout: hand off to the client provider
+
+```tsx
+// layouts/intl-layout.tsx (server component)
+import type { ReactNode } from "react";
+import { resolveLocale } from "../lib/locale";
+import { loadMessages } from "../lib/messages";
+import { IntlClientProvider } from "../components/intl-client-provider";
+
+export async function IntlLayout({
+  ctx,
+  children,
+}: {
+  ctx: any;
+  children: ReactNode;
+}) {
+  const locale = resolveLocale(ctx);
+  const messages = await loadMessages(locale);
+  return (
+    <IntlClientProvider locale={locale} messages={messages}>
+      {children}
+    </IntlClientProvider>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+### Client provider
+
+```tsx
+// components/intl-client-provider.tsx
+"use client";
+
+import { IntlProvider } from "react-intl";
+import type { ReactNode } from "react";
+
+export function IntlClientProvider({
+  locale,
+  messages,
+  children,
+}: {
+  locale: string;
+  messages: Record<string, string>;
+  children: ReactNode;
+}) {
+  return (
+    <IntlProvider
+      locale={locale}
+      defaultLocale="en"
+      messages={messages}
+      onError={(err) => {
+        if (err.code === "MISSING_TRANSLATION") return; // common, log only
+        console.error(err);
+      }}
+    >
+      {children}
+    </IntlProvider>
+  );
+}
+```
+
+### Mounting
+
+Wrap your localized routes with the layout:
+
+```typescript
+import { urls } from "@rangojs/router";
+import { IntlLayout } from "./layouts/intl-layout";
+import { menuRoutes } from "./menu";
+
+export const urlpatterns = urls(({ layout, include }) => [
+  layout(IntlLayout, () => [
+    include("/:locale?", menuRoutes, { name: "menu" }),
+  ]),
+]);
+```
+
+`<FormattedMessage>`, `useIntl()`, etc. work in any client component
+under the layout. Server components can use `formatjs`'s `createIntl()`
+directly with the same `messages` map for static text.
+
+## Common Pitfalls
+
+| Pitfall                                                       | Fix                                                                                    |
+| ------------------------------------------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+| `ctx.params.locale === ""` returns `false`                    | Absent optionals are `undefined`, not `""`. Use `=== undefined` or `??`.               |
+| `ctx.params.locale ?? "en"` returns `""`                      | Pre-fix behavior. After the include-prefix fix this works correctly.                   |
+| Bare `/` 404s when mounted via `include("/:locale?", routes)` | Requires the all-optional pattern fix in `compilePattern` (shipped).                   |
+| Unknown locale (e.g. `/de`) matches as `locale: "de"`         | Add a constraint: `:locale(en\|gb\|fr)?`. Unknown values now 404.                      |
+| Reverse produces `//c/breads` for absent locale               | `reverse()` collapses `undefined`/`""` segments — should not happen. File a bug.       |
+| Locale switcher loses search params                           | Read `ctx.url.search` and pass to `reverse(..., undefined, parsedSearch)`.             |
+| Action middleware can't read `ctx.params.locale`              | Route middleware doesn't wrap action execution. Use global `router.use()` for actions. |
+
+## Cross-references
+
+- `/route` — optional URL param syntax and runtime contract
+- `/typesafety` — `RouteParams<"name">` typing for optionals
+- `/middleware` — global vs route middleware scope (matters for actions)
+- `/server-actions` — actions and the global-vs-route middleware boundary
+- `/links` — `ctx.reverse()` and locale-aware URL generation