@rangojs/router 0.0.0-experimental.0f44aca1

package/src/vite/router-discovery.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,785 @@
+/**
+ * Router Discovery Plugin
+ *
+ * Vite plugin that discovers router instances at dev/build time via the RSC
+ * environment. Delegates to extracted modules for discovery, route types
+ * generation, virtual module codegen, and bundle post-processing.
+ */
+
+import type { Plugin } from "vite";
+import { createServer as createViteServer } from "vite";
+import { resolve } from "node:path";
+import { readFileSync } from "node:fs";
+import {
+  formatNestedRouterConflictError,
+  findNestedRouterConflict,
+  findRouterFiles,
+  createScanFilter,
+} from "../build/generate-route-types.js";
+import { createVersionPlugin } from "./plugins/version-plugin.js";
+import { createVirtualStubPlugin } from "./plugins/virtual-stub-plugin.js";
+import {
+  exposeInternalIds,
+  exposeRouterId,
+} from "./plugins/expose-internal-ids.js";
+import { hashClientRefs } from "./plugins/client-ref-hashing.js";
+import { extractHandlerExportsFromChunk } from "./utils/bundle-analysis.js";
+import {
+  createDiscoveryState,
+  VIRTUAL_ROUTES_MANIFEST_ID,
+  type DiscoveryState,
+  type PluginOptions,
+} from "./discovery/state.js";
+import { consumeSelfGenWrite } from "./discovery/self-gen-tracking.js";
+import { discoverRouters } from "./discovery/discover-routers.js";
+import {
+  writeCombinedRouteTypesWithTracking,
+  writeRouteTypesFiles,
+  supplementGenFilesWithRuntimeRoutes,
+} from "./discovery/route-types-writer.js";
+import {
+  generateRoutesManifestModule,
+  generatePerRouterModule,
+} from "./discovery/virtual-module-codegen.js";
+import { postprocessBundle } from "./discovery/bundle-postprocess.js";
+import { resetStagedBuildAssets } from "./utils/prerender-utils.js";
+
+export { VIRTUAL_ROUTES_MANIFEST_ID };
+
+// ============================================================================
+// Temp Server Factory
+// ============================================================================
+
+/**
+ * Create a minimal Vite server for router discovery.
+ *
+ * Both dev-mode prerender and build-mode discovery need a temp RSC server
+ * to import user router files via module runner. This factory centralizes
+ * the shared config and the mode-specific differences:
+ * - Dev: path-based IDs (no forceBuild), separate cacheDir
+ * - Build: hashed IDs (forceBuild), hashClientRefs for production bundles
+ *
+ * Returns the ViteDevServer instance. Callers access .environments.rsc as needed.
+ */
+async function createTempRscServer(
+  state: DiscoveryState,
+  options: { forceBuild?: boolean; cacheDir?: string } = {},
+) {
+  const { default: rsc } = await import("@vitejs/plugin-rsc");
+  return createViteServer({
+    root: state.projectRoot,
+    configFile: false,
+    server: { middlewareMode: true },
+    appType: "custom",
+    logLevel: "silent",
+    resolve: { alias: state.userResolveAlias },
+    esbuild: { jsx: "automatic", jsxImportSource: "react" },
+    ...(options.cacheDir && { cacheDir: options.cacheDir }),
+    plugins: [
+      rsc({
+        entries: {
+          client: "virtual:entry-client",
+          ssr: "virtual:entry-ssr",
+          rsc: state.resolvedEntryPath!,
+        },
+      }),
+      // hashClientRefs only in build mode — production bundles need hashed refs
+      ...(options.forceBuild ? [hashClientRefs(state.projectRoot)] : []),
+      createVersionPlugin(),
+      createVirtualStubPlugin(),
+      // Dev prerender must use dev-mode IDs (path-based) to match the workerd
+      // runtime. forceBuild produces hashed IDs for production bundle consistency.
+      exposeInternalIds(options.forceBuild ? { forceBuild: true } : undefined),
+      exposeRouterId(),
+    ],
+  });
+}
+
+/**
+ * Plugin that discovers router instances at dev/build time via the RSC environment.
+ *
+ * Uses `server.environments.rsc.runner.import()` to load the user's router file
+ * with full TS/TSX compilation. This triggers `createRouter()` which populates
+ * the `RouterRegistry`. The plugin then generates manifests for each router.
+ *
+ * In dev mode, this runs in `configureServer` (post-middleware setup).
+ * In build mode, this will run in `buildStart` (future).
+ *
+ * @internal
+ */
+export function createRouterDiscoveryPlugin(
+  entryPath: string | undefined,
+  opts?: PluginOptions,
+): Plugin {
+  const s = createDiscoveryState(entryPath, opts);
+
+  return {
+    name: "@rangojs/router:discovery",
+
+    config() {
+      const config: any = {
+        define: {
+          __RANGO_DEBUG__: JSON.stringify(!!process.env.INTERNAL_RANGO_DEBUG),
+        },
+      };
+      if (opts?.enableBuildPrerender) {
+        config.environments = {
+          rsc: {
+            build: {
+              rollupOptions: {
+                output: {
+                  manualChunks(id: string) {
+                    if (s.resolvedPrerenderModules?.has(id)) {
+                      return "__prerender-handlers";
+                    }
+                    if (s.resolvedStaticModules?.has(id)) {
+                      return "__static-handlers";
+                    }
+                  },
+                },
+              },
+            },
+          },
+        };
+      }
+      return config;
+    },
+
+    configResolved(config) {
+      s.projectRoot = config.root;
+      s.isBuildMode = config.command === "build";
+      // Capture user's resolve aliases for the temp server
+      s.userResolveAlias = config.resolve.alias;
+      // Node preset: pick up auto-discovered router path from the config() hook.
+      // The auto-discover plugin runs in config() using Vite's resolved root,
+      // populating the mutable ref before configResolved fires.
+      if (!s.resolvedEntryPath && opts?.routerPathRef?.path) {
+        s.resolvedEntryPath = opts.routerPathRef.path;
+      }
+      // Cloudflare preset: read entry from resolved environment config.
+      // The @cloudflare/vite-plugin reads wrangler config (toml/json/jsonc)
+      // and sets optimizeDeps.entries on the RSC environment.
+      if (!s.resolvedEntryPath) {
+        const rscEnvConfig = (config.environments as any)?.["rsc"];
+        const entries = rscEnvConfig?.optimizeDeps?.entries;
+        if (typeof entries === "string") {
+          s.resolvedEntryPath = entries;
+        } else if (Array.isArray(entries) && entries.length > 0) {
+          s.resolvedEntryPath = entries[0];
+        }
+      }
+      // Compile include/exclude patterns into a scan filter
+      if (opts?.include || opts?.exclude) {
+        s.scanFilter = createScanFilter(s.projectRoot, {
+          include: opts.include,
+          exclude: opts.exclude,
+        });
+      }
+      // Generate combined named-routes.gen.ts from static source parsing.
+      // Runs before the dev server starts so the gen file exists immediately for IDE.
+      // In build mode, the runtime discovery in buildStart produces the definitive
+      // named-routes.gen.ts (including dynamically generated routes).
+      // preserveIfLarger prevents overwriting a previously generated complete
+      // file with a partial one.
+      if (opts?.staticRouteTypesGeneration !== false) {
+        s.cachedRouterFiles = findRouterFiles(s.projectRoot, s.scanFilter);
+        writeCombinedRouteTypesWithTracking(s, { preserveIfLarger: true });
+      }
+      // Resolve prerenderHandlerModules and staticHandlerModules from the consolidated IDs plugin's API.
+      if (opts?.enableBuildPrerender) {
+        const idsPlugin = config.plugins.find(
+          (p: any) => p.name === "@rangojs/router:expose-internal-ids",
+        );
+        s.resolvedPrerenderModules = (
+          idsPlugin?.api as any
+        )?.prerenderHandlerModules;
+        s.resolvedStaticModules = (idsPlugin?.api as any)?.staticHandlerModules;
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Dev mode: discover routers and populate manifest in memory.
+    // Skipped in build mode (buildStart handles it).
+    configureServer(server) {
+      if (s.isBuildMode) return;
+      // Skip if this is a temp server created by buildStart
+      if ((globalThis as any).__rscRouterDiscoveryActive) return;
+      s.devServer = server;
+
+      // Discovery promise that the handler can await if requests arrive
+      // before discovery completes
+      let resolveDiscovery: () => void;
+      const discoveryPromise = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        resolveDiscovery = resolve;
+      });
+
+      // Compute dev server origin from resolved URLs (preferred) or config port (fallback).
+      // Called after discovery (or in the load hook) when the server may be listening.
+      const getDevServerOrigin = () =>
+        server.resolvedUrls?.local?.[0]?.replace(/\/$/, "") ||
+        `http://localhost:${server.config.server.port || 5173}`;
+
+      // Shared temp server for Cloudflare dev (no module runner in workerd).
+      // Used by both discover() (route type generation) and the prerender
+      // middleware (on-demand prerender evaluation). Created lazily, closed on
+      // server shutdown.
+      let prerenderTempServer: any = null;
+      let prerenderNodeRegistry: Map<string, any> | null = null;
+
+      // Clean up the temporary server when the dev server shuts down
+      server.httpServer?.on("close", () => {
+        if (prerenderTempServer) {
+          prerenderTempServer.close().catch(() => {});
+          prerenderTempServer = null;
+        }
+      });
+
+      async function getOrCreateTempServer(): Promise<any | null> {
+        if (prerenderNodeRegistry) {
+          return (prerenderTempServer.environments as any)?.rsc ?? null;
+        }
+        try {
+          prerenderTempServer = await createTempRscServer(s, {
+            cacheDir: "node_modules/.vite_prerender",
+          });
+
+          const tempRscEnv = (prerenderTempServer.environments as any)?.rsc;
+          if (tempRscEnv?.runner) {
+            await tempRscEnv.runner.import(s.resolvedEntryPath!);
+            const serverMod = await tempRscEnv.runner.import(
+              "@rangojs/router/server",
+            );
+            prerenderNodeRegistry = serverMod.RouterRegistry;
+            return tempRscEnv;
+          }
+        } catch (err: any) {
+          console.warn(
+            `[rsc-router] Failed to create temp runner: ${err.message}`,
+          );
+        }
+        return null;
+      }
+
+      const discover = async () => {
+        const rscEnv = (server.environments as any)?.rsc;
+        if (!rscEnv?.runner) {
+          // Cloudflare dev: no module runner available (workerd-based RSC env).
+          // Set devServerOrigin so the virtual module can inject __PRERENDER_DEV_URL
+          // for on-demand prerender via the /__rsc_prerender endpoint.
+          s.devServerOrigin = getDevServerOrigin();
+
+          // Create a temp Node.js server to run runtime discovery and generate
+          // named route types (static parser can't resolve factory calls).
+          try {
+            const tempRscEnv = await getOrCreateTempServer();
+            if (tempRscEnv) {
+              await discoverRouters(s, tempRscEnv);
+              writeRouteTypesFiles(s);
+            }
+          } catch (err: any) {
+            console.warn(
+              `[rsc-router] Cloudflare dev discovery failed: ${err.message}\n${err.stack}`,
+            );
+          }
+
+          resolveDiscovery!();
+          return;
+        }
+
+        try {
+          // Set the readiness gate BEFORE discovery so early requests
+          // block until manifest is populated
+          const serverMod = await rscEnv.runner.import(
+            "@rangojs/router/server",
+          );
+          if (serverMod?.setManifestReadyPromise) {
+            serverMod.setManifestReadyPromise(discoveryPromise);
+          }
+
+          await discoverRouters(s, rscEnv);
+
+          // Store server origin for dev prerender endpoint (virtual module injection)
+          s.devServerOrigin = getDevServerOrigin();
+
+          // Update named-routes.gen.ts from runtime discovery.
+          // The runtime manifest is the source of truth: it evaluates dynamic
+          // routes (e.g. Array.from loops) that the static parser cannot see.
+          // writeRouteTypesFiles() only writes when content changes, so this
+          // won't cause unnecessary HMR triggers.
+          writeRouteTypesFiles(s);
+
+          // Populate the route map and per-router data in the RSC env
+          await propagateDiscoveryState(rscEnv);
+        } catch (err: any) {
+          console.warn(
+            `[rsc-router] Router discovery failed: ${err.message}\n${err.stack}`,
+          );
+        } finally {
+          resolveDiscovery!();
+        }
+      };
+
+      // Schedule after all plugins have finished configureServer.
+      // Store the promise so the virtual module's load hook can await it.
+      s.discoveryDone = new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+        setTimeout(() => discover().then(resolve, resolve), 0);
+      });
+
+      // Dev-mode on-demand prerender endpoint.
+      // When workerd hits a prerender route, it fetches this endpoint instead of
+      // trying to run node:fs-dependent handlers in the Cloudflare environment.
+      //
+      // Node.js preset: uses the main server's RSC environment directly (router
+      // instances are already discovered and have matchForPrerender).
+      // Cloudflare preset: lazily creates a Node.js temp server because the main
+      // RSC environment uses workerd where node:fs can't access the host filesystem.
+
+      // Registry from the main server's RSC environment (populated by discoverRouters)
+      let mainRegistry: Map<string, any> | null = null;
+
+      // Push discovery state (manifest, trie, precomputed entries) to the
+      // server module so runtime request handling uses the current routes.
+      // Shared by initial discovery and HMR-triggered re-discovery.
+      const propagateDiscoveryState = async (rscEnv: any) => {
+        const serverMod = await rscEnv.runner.import("@rangojs/router/server");
+        if (!serverMod) return;
+        // Clear stale per-router and global route data before repopulating.
+        // Without this, removed routers/routes survive in the per-router maps
+        // and shrunk precomputed entries or tries are never purged.
+        if (serverMod.clearAllRouterData) {
+          serverMod.clearAllRouterData();
+        }
+        mainRegistry = serverMod.RouterRegistry ?? null;
+        if (s.mergedRouteManifest && serverMod.setCachedManifest) {
+          serverMod.setCachedManifest(s.mergedRouteManifest);
+        }
+        if (
+          s.mergedPrecomputedEntries &&
+          s.mergedPrecomputedEntries.length > 0 &&
+          serverMod.setPrecomputedEntries
+        ) {
+          serverMod.setPrecomputedEntries(s.mergedPrecomputedEntries);
+        }
+        if (s.mergedRouteTrie && serverMod.setRouteTrie) {
+          serverMod.setRouteTrie(s.mergedRouteTrie);
+        }
+        if (serverMod.setRouterManifest) {
+          for (const [routerId, manifest] of s.perRouterManifestDataMap) {
+            serverMod.setRouterManifest(routerId, manifest);
+          }
+        }
+        if (serverMod.setRouterTrie) {
+          for (const [routerId, trie] of s.perRouterTrieMap) {
+            serverMod.setRouterTrie(routerId, trie);
+          }
+        }
+        if (serverMod.setRouterPrecomputedEntries) {
+          for (const [routerId, entries] of s.perRouterPrecomputedMap) {
+            serverMod.setRouterPrecomputedEntries(routerId, entries);
+          }
+        }
+      };
+
+      server.middlewares.use("/__rsc_prerender", async (req: any, res: any) => {
+        if (s.discoveryDone) await s.discoveryDone;
+
+        const url = new URL(req.url || "/", "http://localhost");
+        const pathname = url.searchParams.get("pathname");
+        if (!pathname) {
+          res.statusCode = 400;
+          res.end("Missing pathname");
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // Prefer the main server's registry (Node.js preset: module runner available).
+        // Fall back to a temp server for Cloudflare where the main RSC env uses workerd.
+        let registry = mainRegistry;
+
+        if (!registry) {
+          // No main registry: the RSC env has no module runner (Cloudflare dev).
+          // Lazily create a Node.js temp server for prerender evaluation.
+          if (!prerenderNodeRegistry) {
+            await getOrCreateTempServer();
+          }
+          registry = prerenderNodeRegistry;
+        }
+
+        if (!registry || registry.size === 0) {
+          res.statusCode = 503;
+          res.end("Prerender runner not available");
+          return;
+        }
+
+        const wantIntercept = url.searchParams.get("intercept") === "1";
+        const wantRouteName = url.searchParams.get("routeName");
+        const wantPassthrough = url.searchParams.get("passthrough") === "1";
+
+        for (const [, routerInstance] of registry) {
+          if (!routerInstance.matchForPrerender) continue;
+          try {
+            const result = await routerInstance.matchForPrerender(
+              pathname,
+              {},
+              undefined,
+              wantPassthrough,
+            );
+            if (!result) continue;
+            if (result.passthrough) continue;
+            // When routeName is specified, only accept a match for that route.
+            // This prevents returning the wrong entry when multiple routers
+            // have prerenderable routes sharing the same pathname.
+            if (wantRouteName && result.routeName !== wantRouteName) continue;
+            res.setHeader("content-type", "application/json");
+            let payload: Record<string, unknown>;
+            if (wantIntercept && result.interceptSegments?.length) {
+              payload = {
+                segments: [...result.segments, ...result.interceptSegments],
+                handles: {
+                  ...result.handles,
+                  ...(result.interceptHandles || {}),
+                },
+              };
+            } else {
+              payload = { segments: result.segments, handles: result.handles };
+            }
+            res.end(JSON.stringify(payload));
+            return;
+          } catch (err: any) {
+            console.warn(
+              `[rsc-router] Dev prerender failed for ${pathname}: ${err.message}`,
+            );
+          }
+        }
+
+        res.statusCode = 404;
+        res.end("No prerender match");
+      });
+
+      // Watch url module and router files for changes and regenerate named-routes.gen.ts.
+      // Process files containing urls( or createRouter( to update the combined route map.
+      if (opts?.staticRouteTypesGeneration !== false) {
+        const isGeneratedRouteFile = (filePath: string): boolean =>
+          filePath.endsWith(".gen.ts") &&
+          (filePath.includes("named-routes.gen.ts") ||
+            filePath.includes("urls.gen.ts"));
+
+        const regenerateGeneratedRouteFiles = () => {
+          if (s.perRouterManifests.length > 0) {
+            writeRouteTypesFiles(s);
+          } else {
+            writeCombinedRouteTypesWithTracking(s);
+          }
+        };
+
+        const maybeHandleGeneratedRouteFileMutation = (
+          filePath: string,
+        ): boolean => {
+          if (!isGeneratedRouteFile(filePath)) return false;
+          if (consumeSelfGenWrite(s, filePath)) return true;
+          // In Cloudflare dev (no module runner), perRouterManifests is never
+          // refreshed after HMR so regenerateGeneratedRouteFiles() would use
+          // stale data and revert user edits. Source files own route state;
+          // gen files are derived output. Skip regeneration and let the next
+          // source-file change rebuild them from the static parser.
+          const hasRunner = !!(server.environments as any)?.rsc?.runner;
+          if (!hasRunner) return true;
+          regenerateGeneratedRouteFiles();
+          return true;
+        };
+
+        // Debounce timer for batching rapid route-file changes (e.g. afterEach
+        // restoring two files in quick succession). The cheap checks (extension,
+        // scanFilter, content sniff) run synchronously to gate non-route files;
+        // only the expensive regeneration is debounced.
+        let routeChangeTimer: ReturnType<typeof setTimeout> | undefined;
+
+        // Re-run runtime discovery so factory-generated routes that the
+        // static parser cannot see are refreshed after source changes.
+        let runtimeRediscoveryInProgress = false;
+        const refreshRuntimeDiscovery = async () => {
+          const rscEnv = (server.environments as any)?.rsc;
+          if (!rscEnv?.runner || runtimeRediscoveryInProgress) return;
+          runtimeRediscoveryInProgress = true;
+          try {
+            await discoverRouters(s, rscEnv);
+            writeRouteTypesFiles(s);
+            await propagateDiscoveryState(rscEnv);
+          } catch (err: any) {
+            console.warn(
+              `[rsc-router] Runtime re-discovery failed: ${err.message}`,
+            );
+          } finally {
+            runtimeRediscoveryInProgress = false;
+          }
+        };
+
+        const scheduleRouteRegeneration = () => {
+          clearTimeout(routeChangeTimer);
+          routeChangeTimer = setTimeout(() => {
+            routeChangeTimer = undefined;
+            try {
+              writeCombinedRouteTypesWithTracking(s);
+              if (s.perRouterManifests.length > 0) {
+                supplementGenFilesWithRuntimeRoutes(s);
+              }
+            } catch (err: any) {
+              console.error(
+                `[rsc-router] Route regeneration error: ${err.message}`,
+              );
+            }
+            // Async: re-run runtime discovery to refresh factory-generated
+            // routes that the static parser cannot resolve.
+            if (s.perRouterManifests.length > 0) {
+              refreshRuntimeDiscovery().catch((err: any) => {
+                console.warn(
+                  `[rsc-router] Runtime re-discovery error: ${err.message}`,
+                );
+              });
+            }
+          }, 100);
+        };
+
+        const handleRouteFileChange = (filePath: string) => {
+          if (maybeHandleGeneratedRouteFileMutation(filePath)) return;
+          if (
+            !filePath.endsWith(".ts") &&
+            !filePath.endsWith(".tsx") &&
+            !filePath.endsWith(".js") &&
+            !filePath.endsWith(".jsx")
+          )
+            return;
+          // Apply scan filter as early-exit before reading file
+          if (s.scanFilter && !s.scanFilter(filePath)) return;
+          try {
+            const source = readFileSync(filePath, "utf-8");
+            const trimmed = source.trimStart();
+            if (
+              trimmed.startsWith('"use client"') ||
+              trimmed.startsWith("'use client'")
+            )
+              return;
+            const hasUrls = source.includes("urls(");
+            const hasCreateRouter = /\bcreateRouter\s*[<(]/.test(source);
+            if (!hasUrls && !hasCreateRouter) return;
+            // Invalidate cache when a router file changes (new router added/removed)
+            if (hasCreateRouter) {
+              const nestedRouterConflict = findNestedRouterConflict([
+                ...(s.cachedRouterFiles ?? []),
+                resolve(filePath),
+              ]);
+              if (nestedRouterConflict) {
+                server.config.logger.error(
+                  formatNestedRouterConflictError(nestedRouterConflict),
+                );
+                return;
+              }
+              s.cachedRouterFiles = undefined;
+            }
+            scheduleRouteRegeneration();
+          } catch {
+            // Ignore read errors for deleted/moved files
+          }
+        };
+
+        // Handle both "add" and "change" events: editors with atomic saves
+        // (unlink + rename) emit "add" instead of "change", and chokidar's
+        // polling mode on CI Linux can also emit "add" for overwrites.
+        server.watcher.on("add", handleRouteFileChange);
+        server.watcher.on("change", handleRouteFileChange);
+
+        // Regenerate gen files when they are deleted (e.g. manual cleanup).
+        // Same no-runner guard as change/add: stale perRouterManifests would
+        // reintroduce reverted content.
+        server.watcher.on("unlink", (filePath) => {
+          if (!isGeneratedRouteFile(filePath)) return;
+          const hasRunner = !!(server.environments as any)?.rsc?.runner;
+          if (!hasRunner) return;
+          regenerateGeneratedRouteFiles();
+        });
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Build mode: create a temporary Vite dev server to access the RSC
+    // environment's module runner, then discover routers and generate manifests.
+    // The manifest data is stored for the virtual module's load hook.
+    async buildStart() {
+      if (!s.isBuildMode) return;
+      // Only run once across environment builds
+      if (s.mergedRouteManifest !== null) return;
+      resetStagedBuildAssets(s.projectRoot);
+      s.prerenderManifestEntries = null;
+      s.staticManifestEntries = null;
+
+      let tempServer: any = null;
+      // Signal to user-space code (e.g. reverse.ts) that build-time discovery
+      // is active. Uses globalThis because the temp server's module runner
+      // creates a separate module context — there is no shared import path
+      // between the vite plugin and user code loaded via runner.import().
+      (globalThis as any).__rscRouterDiscoveryActive = true;
+      try {
+        tempServer = await createTempRscServer(s, { forceBuild: true });
+
+        const rscEnv = (tempServer.environments as any)?.rsc;
+        if (!rscEnv?.runner) {
+          console.warn(
+            "[rsc-router] RSC environment runner not available during build, skipping manifest generation",
+          );
+          return;
+        }
+
+        // Point resolvedStaticModules at the temp server's expose-internal-ids
+        // plugin so that discoverRouters() can access the static handler module
+        // map after the temp server's transforms populate it.
+        const tempIdsPlugin = (tempServer as any).config?.plugins?.find(
+          (p: any) => p.name === "@rangojs/router:expose-internal-ids",
+        );
+        if (tempIdsPlugin?.api?.staticHandlerModules) {
+          s.resolvedStaticModules = tempIdsPlugin.api.staticHandlerModules;
+        }
+
+        await discoverRouters(s, rscEnv);
+        // Update named-routes.gen.ts from runtime discovery.
+        // The runtime manifest includes dynamically generated routes
+        // that the static parser cannot extract from source code.
+        writeRouteTypesFiles(s);
+      } catch (err: any) {
+        // Extract the user source file from the stack trace (skip internal frames)
+        const sourceFile = err.stack
+          ?.split("\n")
+          .find(
+            (line: string) =>
+              line.includes(s.projectRoot) && !line.includes("node_modules"),
+          )
+          ?.match(/\(([^)]+)\)/)?.[1];
+        // Extract the route name from "Unknown route: <name>" errors
+        const routeName = err.message?.match(/Unknown route: (.+)/)?.[1];
+        const details = [
+          routeName ? `  Route name: ${routeName}` : null,
+          sourceFile ? `  File: ${sourceFile}` : null,
+          err.stack ? `  Stack:\n${err.stack}` : null,
+        ]
+          .filter(Boolean)
+          .join("\n");
+        throw new Error(
+          `[rsc-router] Build-time router discovery failed:\n${details}`,
+        );
+      } finally {
+        delete (globalThis as any).__rscRouterDiscoveryActive;
+        if (tempServer) {
+          await tempServer.close();
+        }
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Virtual module: provides the pre-generated route manifest as a JS module
+    // that calls setCachedManifest() at import time.
+    resolveId(id) {
+      if (id === VIRTUAL_ROUTES_MANIFEST_ID) {
+        return "\0" + VIRTUAL_ROUTES_MANIFEST_ID;
+      }
+      // Per-router virtual modules: virtual:rsc-router/routes-manifest/<routerId>
+      if (id.startsWith(VIRTUAL_ROUTES_MANIFEST_ID + "/")) {
+        return "\0" + id;
+      }
+      // virtual:rsc-router/prerender-paths removed: prerender data is served through the worker
+      return null;
+    },
+
+    async load(id) {
+      if (id === "\0" + VIRTUAL_ROUTES_MANIFEST_ID) {
+        // In dev mode, wait for discovery to complete before emitting module content.
+        // This is critical for Cloudflare dev where the worker runs in a separate
+        // Miniflare process and can only receive manifest data via the virtual module.
+        if (s.discoveryDone) {
+          await s.discoveryDone;
+        }
+        return generateRoutesManifestModule(s);
+      }
+      // Per-router virtual modules: pure data exports (no side effects).
+      // ensureRouterManifest() imports the module and stores the data.
+      const perRouterPrefix = "\0" + VIRTUAL_ROUTES_MANIFEST_ID + "/";
+      if (id.startsWith(perRouterPrefix)) {
+        if (s.discoveryDone) {
+          await s.discoveryDone;
+        }
+        const routerId = id.slice(perRouterPrefix.length);
+        return generatePerRouterModule(s, routerId);
+      }
+      // virtual:rsc-router/prerender-paths load handler removed
+      return null;
+    },
+
+    // Record handler chunk metadata and RSC entry filename during RSC build.
+    // Used by closeBundle for handler code eviction and prerender data injection.
+    generateBundle(_options: any, bundle: any) {
+      if (this.environment?.name !== "rsc") return;
+
+      // Record RSC entry chunk filename for closeBundle injection
+      for (const [fileName, chunk] of Object.entries(bundle) as [
+        string,
+        any,
+      ][]) {
+        if (chunk.type === "chunk" && chunk.isEntry) {
+          s.rscEntryFileName = fileName;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (!s.resolvedPrerenderModules?.size && !s.resolvedStaticModules?.size)
+        return;
+
+      for (const [fileName, chunk] of Object.entries(bundle) as [
+        string,
+        any,
+      ][]) {
+        if (chunk.type !== "chunk") continue;
+
+        // Prerender handlers chunk
+        if (
+          fileName.includes("__prerender-handlers") &&
+          s.resolvedPrerenderModules?.size
+        ) {
+          const handlers = extractHandlerExportsFromChunk(
+            chunk.code,
+            s.resolvedPrerenderModules,
+            "Prerender",
+            true,
+          );
+          if (handlers.length > 0) {
+            s.handlerChunkInfo = { fileName, exports: handlers };
+          }
+        }
+
+        // Static handlers chunk
+        if (
+          fileName.includes("__static-handlers") &&
+          s.resolvedStaticModules?.size
+        ) {
+          const handlers = extractHandlerExportsFromChunk(
+            chunk.code,
+            s.resolvedStaticModules,
+            "Static",
+            false,
+          );
+          if (handlers.length > 0) {
+            s.staticHandlerChunkInfo = { fileName, exports: handlers };
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    },
+
+    // Build-time pre-rendering: evict handler code and inject collected prerender data.
+    // Collection now happens in-process during discoverRouters() via RSC runner.
+    // closeBundle only needs to evict handlers and inject the in-memory data.
+    closeBundle: {
+      order: "post" as const,
+      sequential: true,
+      async handler(this: any) {
+        if (!s.isBuildMode) return;
+        // Only run for the RSC environment — other environments (client, ssr) have
+        // no prerender/static data to process and would just do redundant file I/O.
+        if (this.environment && this.environment.name !== "rsc") return;
+        postprocessBundle(s);
+      },
+    },
+  };
+}