@nxtedition/rocksdb 5.2.21 → 5.2.26

package/deps/rocksdb/rocksdb/file/writable_file_writer.cc

@@ -16,19 +16,39 @@
 #include "monitoring/histogram.h"
 #include "monitoring/iostats_context_imp.h"
 #include "port/port.h"
+#include "rocksdb/system_clock.h"
 #include "test_util/sync_point.h"
+#include "util/crc32c.h"
 #include "util/random.h"
 #include "util/rate_limiter.h"
 
 namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE {
-IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Append(const Slice& data) {
+IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Create(const std::shared_ptr<FileSystem>& fs,
+                                    const std::string& fname,
+                                    const FileOptions& file_opts,
+                                    std::unique_ptr<WritableFileWriter>* writer,
+                                    IODebugContext* dbg) {
+  if (file_opts.use_direct_writes &&
+      0 == file_opts.writable_file_max_buffer_size) {
+    return IOStatus::InvalidArgument(
+        "Direct write requires writable_file_max_buffer_size > 0");
+  }
+  std::unique_ptr<FSWritableFile> file;
+  IOStatus io_s = fs->NewWritableFile(fname, file_opts, &file, dbg);
+  if (io_s.ok()) {
+    writer->reset(new WritableFileWriter(std::move(file), fname, file_opts));
+  }
+  return io_s;
+}
+
+IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Append(const Slice& data, uint32_t crc32c_checksum,
+                                    Env::IOPriority op_rate_limiter_priority) {
   const char* src = data.data();
   size_t left = data.size();
   IOStatus s;
   pending_sync_ = true;
 
-  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Append:0",
-                   rocksdb_kill_odds * REDUCE_ODDS2);
+  TEST_KILL_RANDOM_WITH_WEIGHT("WritableFileWriter::Append:0", REDUCE_ODDS2);
 
   // Calculate the checksum of appended data
   UpdateFileChecksum(data);
@@ -59,7 +79,7 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Append(const Slice& data) {
   // Flush only when buffered I/O
   if (!use_direct_io() && (buf_.Capacity() - buf_.CurrentSize()) < left) {
     if (buf_.CurrentSize() > 0) {
-      s = Flush();
+      s = Flush(op_rate_limiter_priority);
       if (!s.ok()) {
         return s;
       }
@@ -67,39 +87,89 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Append(const Slice& data) {
     assert(buf_.CurrentSize() == 0);
   }
 
-  // We never write directly to disk with direct I/O on.
-  // or we simply use it for its original purpose to accumulate many small
-  // chunks
-  if (use_direct_io() || (buf_.Capacity() >= left)) {
-    while (left > 0) {
-      size_t appended = buf_.Append(src, left);
-      left -= appended;
-      src += appended;
-
-      if (left > 0) {
-        s = Flush();
-        if (!s.ok()) {
-          break;
+  if (perform_data_verification_ && buffered_data_with_checksum_ &&
+      crc32c_checksum != 0) {
+    // Since we want to use the checksum of the input data, we cannot break it
+    // into several pieces. We will only write them in the buffer when buffer
+    // size is enough. Otherwise, we will directly write it down.
+    if (use_direct_io() || (buf_.Capacity() - buf_.CurrentSize()) >= left) {
+      if ((buf_.Capacity() - buf_.CurrentSize()) >= left) {
+        size_t appended = buf_.Append(src, left);
+        if (appended != left) {
+          s = IOStatus::Corruption("Write buffer append failure");
+        }
+        buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ = crc32c::Crc32cCombine(
+            buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_, crc32c_checksum, appended);
+      } else {
+        while (left > 0) {
+          size_t appended = buf_.Append(src, left);
+          buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ =
+              crc32c::Extend(buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_, src, appended);
+          left -= appended;
+          src += appended;
+
+          if (left > 0) {
+            s = Flush(op_rate_limiter_priority);
+            if (!s.ok()) {
+              break;
+            }
+          }
         }
       }
+    } else {
+      assert(buf_.CurrentSize() == 0);
+      buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ = crc32c_checksum;
+      s = WriteBufferedWithChecksum(src, left, op_rate_limiter_priority);
     }
   } else {
-    // Writing directly to file bypassing the buffer
-    assert(buf_.CurrentSize() == 0);
-    s = WriteBuffered(src, left);
+    // In this case, either we do not need to do the data verification or
+    // caller does not provide the checksum of the data (crc32c_checksum = 0).
+    //
+    // We never write directly to disk with direct I/O on.
+    // or we simply use it for its original purpose to accumulate many small
+    // chunks
+    if (use_direct_io() || (buf_.Capacity() >= left)) {
+      while (left > 0) {
+        size_t appended = buf_.Append(src, left);
+        if (perform_data_verification_ && buffered_data_with_checksum_) {
+          buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ =
+              crc32c::Extend(buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_, src, appended);
+        }
+        left -= appended;
+        src += appended;
+
+        if (left > 0) {
+          s = Flush(op_rate_limiter_priority);
+          if (!s.ok()) {
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+    } else {
+      // Writing directly to file bypassing the buffer
+      assert(buf_.CurrentSize() == 0);
+      if (perform_data_verification_ && buffered_data_with_checksum_) {
+        buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ = crc32c::Value(src, left);
+        s = WriteBufferedWithChecksum(src, left, op_rate_limiter_priority);
+      } else {
+        s = WriteBuffered(src, left, op_rate_limiter_priority);
+      }
+    }
   }
 
-  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Append:1", rocksdb_kill_odds);
+  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Append:1");
   if (s.ok()) {
     filesize_ += data.size();
   }
   return s;
 }
 
-IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Pad(const size_t pad_bytes) {
+IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Pad(const size_t pad_bytes,
+                                 Env::IOPriority op_rate_limiter_priority) {
   assert(pad_bytes < kDefaultPageSize);
   size_t left = pad_bytes;
   size_t cap = buf_.Capacity() - buf_.CurrentSize();
+  size_t pad_start = buf_.CurrentSize();
 
   // Assume pad_bytes is small compared to buf_ capacity. So we always
   // use buf_ rather than write directly to file in certain cases like
@@ -109,7 +179,7 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Pad(const size_t pad_bytes) {
     buf_.PadWith(append_bytes, 0);
     left -= append_bytes;
     if (left > 0) {
-      IOStatus s = Flush();
+      IOStatus s = Flush(op_rate_limiter_priority);
       if (!s.ok()) {
         return s;
       }
@@ -118,6 +188,11 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Pad(const size_t pad_bytes) {
   }
   pending_sync_ = true;
   filesize_ += pad_bytes;
+  if (perform_data_verification_) {
+    buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ =
+        crc32c::Extend(buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_,
+                       buf_.BufferStart() + pad_start, pad_bytes);
+  }
   return IOStatus::OK();
 }
 
@@ -151,6 +226,10 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Close() {
       if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
         auto finish_ts = FileOperationInfo::FinishNow();
         NotifyOnFileTruncateFinish(start_ts, finish_ts, s);
+        if (!interim.ok()) {
+          NotifyOnIOError(interim, FileOperationType::kTruncate, file_name(),
+                          filesize_);
+        }
       }
 #endif
     }
@@ -168,6 +247,9 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Close() {
           auto finish_ts = FileOperationInfo::FinishNow();
           NotifyOnFileSyncFinish(start_ts, finish_ts, s,
                                  FileOperationType::kFsync);
+          if (!interim.ok()) {
+            NotifyOnIOError(interim, FileOperationType::kFsync, file_name());
+          }
         }
 #endif
       }
@@ -177,7 +259,7 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Close() {
     }
   }
 
-  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Close:0", rocksdb_kill_odds);
+  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Close:0");
   {
 #ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
     FileOperationInfo::StartTimePoint start_ts;
@@ -190,6 +272,9 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Close() {
     if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
       auto finish_ts = FileOperationInfo::FinishNow();
       NotifyOnFileCloseFinish(start_ts, finish_ts, s);
+      if (!interim.ok()) {
+        NotifyOnIOError(interim, FileOperationType::kClose, file_name());
+      }
     }
 #endif
   }
@@ -198,7 +283,7 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Close() {
   }
 
   writable_file_.reset();
-  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Close:1", rocksdb_kill_odds);
+  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Close:1");
 
   if (s.ok() && checksum_generator_ != nullptr && !checksum_finalized_) {
     checksum_generator_->Finalize();
@@ -210,20 +295,29 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Close() {
 
 // write out the cached data to the OS cache or storage if direct I/O
 // enabled
-IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Flush() {
+IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Flush(Env::IOPriority op_rate_limiter_priority) {
   IOStatus s;
-  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Flush:0",
-                   rocksdb_kill_odds * REDUCE_ODDS2);
+  TEST_KILL_RANDOM_WITH_WEIGHT("WritableFileWriter::Flush:0", REDUCE_ODDS2);
 
   if (buf_.CurrentSize() > 0) {
     if (use_direct_io()) {
 #ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
       if (pending_sync_) {
-        s = WriteDirect();
+        if (perform_data_verification_ && buffered_data_with_checksum_) {
+          s = WriteDirectWithChecksum(op_rate_limiter_priority);
+        } else {
+          s = WriteDirect(op_rate_limiter_priority);
+        }
       }
 #endif  // !ROCKSDB_LITE
     } else {
-      s = WriteBuffered(buf_.BufferStart(), buf_.CurrentSize());
+      if (perform_data_verification_ && buffered_data_with_checksum_) {
+        s = WriteBufferedWithChecksum(buf_.BufferStart(), buf_.CurrentSize(),
+                                      op_rate_limiter_priority);
+      } else {
+        s = WriteBuffered(buf_.BufferStart(), buf_.CurrentSize(),
+                          op_rate_limiter_priority);
+      }
     }
     if (!s.ok()) {
       return s;
@@ -242,6 +336,9 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Flush() {
     if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
       auto finish_ts = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
       NotifyOnFileFlushFinish(start_ts, finish_ts, s);
+      if (!s.ok()) {
+        NotifyOnIOError(s, FileOperationType::kFlush, file_name());
+      }
     }
 #endif
   }
@@ -302,14 +399,14 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::Sync(bool use_fsync) {
   if (!s.ok()) {
     return s;
   }
-  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Sync:0", rocksdb_kill_odds);
+  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Sync:0");
   if (!use_direct_io() && pending_sync_) {
     s = SyncInternal(use_fsync);
     if (!s.ok()) {
       return s;
     }
   }
-  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Sync:1", rocksdb_kill_odds);
+  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::Sync:1");
   pending_sync_ = false;
   return IOStatus::OK();
 }
@@ -331,7 +428,7 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::SyncInternal(bool use_fsync) {
   IOSTATS_TIMER_GUARD(fsync_nanos);
   TEST_SYNC_POINT("WritableFileWriter::SyncInternal:0");
   auto prev_perf_level = GetPerfLevel();
-  IOSTATS_CPU_TIMER_GUARD(cpu_write_nanos, env_);
+  IOSTATS_CPU_TIMER_GUARD(cpu_write_nanos, clock_);
 #ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
   FileOperationInfo::StartTimePoint start_ts;
   if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
@@ -349,6 +446,11 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::SyncInternal(bool use_fsync) {
     NotifyOnFileSyncFinish(
         start_ts, finish_ts, s,
         use_fsync ? FileOperationType::kFsync : FileOperationType::kSync);
+    if (!s.ok()) {
+      NotifyOnIOError(
+          s, (use_fsync ? FileOperationType::kFsync : FileOperationType::kSync),
+          file_name());
+    }
   }
 #endif
   SetPerfLevel(prev_perf_level);
@@ -369,6 +471,10 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::RangeSync(uint64_t offset, uint64_t nbytes) {
   if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
     auto finish_ts = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
     NotifyOnFileRangeSyncFinish(offset, nbytes, start_ts, finish_ts, s);
+    if (!s.ok()) {
+      NotifyOnIOError(s, FileOperationType::kRangeSync, file_name(), nbytes,
+                      offset);
+    }
   }
 #endif
   return s;
@@ -376,18 +482,25 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::RangeSync(uint64_t offset, uint64_t nbytes) {
 
 // This method writes to disk the specified data and makes use of the rate
 // limiter if available
-IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteBuffered(const char* data, size_t size) {
+IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteBuffered(
+    const char* data, size_t size, Env::IOPriority op_rate_limiter_priority) {
   IOStatus s;
   assert(!use_direct_io());
   const char* src = data;
   size_t left = size;
+  DataVerificationInfo v_info;
+  char checksum_buf[sizeof(uint32_t)];
 
   while (left > 0) {
     size_t allowed;
-    if (rate_limiter_ != nullptr) {
-      allowed = rate_limiter_->RequestToken(
-          left, 0 /* alignment */, writable_file_->GetIOPriority(), stats_,
-          RateLimiter::OpType::kWrite);
+    Env::IOPriority rate_limiter_priority_used =
+        WritableFileWriter::DecideRateLimiterPriority(
+            writable_file_->GetIOPriority(), op_rate_limiter_priority);
+    if (rate_limiter_ != nullptr &&
+        rate_limiter_priority_used != Env::IO_TOTAL) {
+      allowed = rate_limiter_->RequestToken(left, 0 /* alignment */,
+                                            rate_limiter_priority_used, stats_,
+                                            RateLimiter::OpType::kWrite);
     } else {
       allowed = left;
     }
@@ -406,14 +519,39 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteBuffered(const char* data, size_t size) {
 #endif
       {
         auto prev_perf_level = GetPerfLevel();
-        IOSTATS_CPU_TIMER_GUARD(cpu_write_nanos, env_);
-        s = writable_file_->Append(Slice(src, allowed), IOOptions(), nullptr);
+
+        IOSTATS_CPU_TIMER_GUARD(cpu_write_nanos, clock_);
+        if (perform_data_verification_) {
+          Crc32cHandoffChecksumCalculation(src, allowed, checksum_buf);
+          v_info.checksum = Slice(checksum_buf, sizeof(uint32_t));
+          s = writable_file_->Append(Slice(src, allowed), IOOptions(), v_info,
+                                     nullptr);
+        } else {
+          s = writable_file_->Append(Slice(src, allowed), IOOptions(), nullptr);
+        }
+        if (!s.ok()) {
+          // If writable_file_->Append() failed, then the data may or may not
+          // exist in the underlying memory buffer, OS page cache, remote file
+          // system's buffer, etc. If WritableFileWriter keeps the data in
+          // buf_, then a future Close() or write retry may send the data to
+          // the underlying file again. If the data does exist in the
+          // underlying buffer and gets written to the file eventually despite
+          // returning error, the file may end up with two duplicate pieces of
+          // data. Therefore, clear the buf_ at the WritableFileWriter layer
+          // and let caller determine error handling.
+          buf_.Size(0);
+          buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ = 0;
+        }
         SetPerfLevel(prev_perf_level);
       }
 #ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
       if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
         auto finish_ts = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
         NotifyOnFileWriteFinish(old_size, allowed, start_ts, finish_ts, s);
+        if (!s.ok()) {
+          NotifyOnIOError(s, FileOperationType::kAppend, file_name(), allowed,
+                          old_size);
+        }
       }
 #endif
       if (!s.ok()) {
@@ -422,12 +560,100 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteBuffered(const char* data, size_t size) {
     }
 
     IOSTATS_ADD(bytes_written, allowed);
-    TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::WriteBuffered:0", rocksdb_kill_odds);
+    TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::WriteBuffered:0");
 
     left -= allowed;
     src += allowed;
   }
   buf_.Size(0);
+  buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ = 0;
+  return s;
+}
+
+IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteBufferedWithChecksum(
+    const char* data, size_t size, Env::IOPriority op_rate_limiter_priority) {
+  IOStatus s;
+  assert(!use_direct_io());
+  assert(perform_data_verification_ && buffered_data_with_checksum_);
+  const char* src = data;
+  size_t left = size;
+  DataVerificationInfo v_info;
+  char checksum_buf[sizeof(uint32_t)];
+
+  // Check how much is allowed. Here, we loop until the rate limiter allows to
+  // write the entire buffer.
+  // TODO: need to be improved since it sort of defeats the purpose of the rate
+  // limiter
+  size_t data_size = left;
+  Env::IOPriority rate_limiter_priority_used =
+      WritableFileWriter::DecideRateLimiterPriority(
+          writable_file_->GetIOPriority(), op_rate_limiter_priority);
+  if (rate_limiter_ != nullptr && rate_limiter_priority_used != Env::IO_TOTAL) {
+    while (data_size > 0) {
+      size_t tmp_size;
+      tmp_size = rate_limiter_->RequestToken(data_size, buf_.Alignment(),
+                                             rate_limiter_priority_used, stats_,
+                                             RateLimiter::OpType::kWrite);
+      data_size -= tmp_size;
+    }
+  }
+
+  {
+    IOSTATS_TIMER_GUARD(write_nanos);
+    TEST_SYNC_POINT("WritableFileWriter::Flush:BeforeAppend");
+
+#ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
+    FileOperationInfo::StartTimePoint start_ts;
+    uint64_t old_size = writable_file_->GetFileSize(IOOptions(), nullptr);
+    if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
+      start_ts = FileOperationInfo::StartNow();
+      old_size = next_write_offset_;
+    }
+#endif
+    {
+      auto prev_perf_level = GetPerfLevel();
+
+      IOSTATS_CPU_TIMER_GUARD(cpu_write_nanos, clock_);
+
+      EncodeFixed32(checksum_buf, buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_);
+      v_info.checksum = Slice(checksum_buf, sizeof(uint32_t));
+      s = writable_file_->Append(Slice(src, left), IOOptions(), v_info,
+                                 nullptr);
+      SetPerfLevel(prev_perf_level);
+    }
+#ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
+    if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
+      auto finish_ts = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+      NotifyOnFileWriteFinish(old_size, left, start_ts, finish_ts, s);
+      if (!s.ok()) {
+        NotifyOnIOError(s, FileOperationType::kAppend, file_name(), left,
+                        old_size);
+      }
+    }
+#endif
+    if (!s.ok()) {
+      // If writable_file_->Append() failed, then the data may or may not
+      // exist in the underlying memory buffer, OS page cache, remote file
+      // system's buffer, etc. If WritableFileWriter keeps the data in
+      // buf_, then a future Close() or write retry may send the data to
+      // the underlying file again. If the data does exist in the
+      // underlying buffer and gets written to the file eventually despite
+      // returning error, the file may end up with two duplicate pieces of
+      // data. Therefore, clear the buf_ at the WritableFileWriter layer
+      // and let caller determine error handling.
+      buf_.Size(0);
+      buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ = 0;
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  IOSTATS_ADD(bytes_written, left);
+  TEST_KILL_RANDOM("WritableFileWriter::WriteBuffered:0");
+
+  // Buffer write is successful, reset the buffer current size to 0 and reset
+  // the corresponding checksum value
+  buf_.Size(0);
+  buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ = 0;
   return s;
 }
 
@@ -437,6 +663,19 @@ void WritableFileWriter::UpdateFileChecksum(const Slice& data) {
   }
 }
 
+// Currently, crc32c checksum is used to calculate the checksum value of the
+// content in the input buffer for handoff. In the future, the checksum might be
+// calculated from the existing crc32c checksums of the in WAl and Manifest
+// records, or even SST file blocks.
+// TODO: effectively use the existing checksum of the data being writing to
+// generate the crc32c checksum instead of a raw calculation.
+void WritableFileWriter::Crc32cHandoffChecksumCalculation(const char* data,
+                                                          size_t size,
+                                                          char* buf) {
+  uint32_t v_crc32c = crc32c::Extend(0, data, size);
+  EncodeFixed32(buf, v_crc32c);
+}
+
 // This flushes the accumulated data in the buffer. We pad data with zeros if
 // necessary to the whole page.
 // However, during automatic flushes padding would not be necessary.
@@ -446,20 +685,21 @@ void WritableFileWriter::UpdateFileChecksum(const Slice& data) {
 // only write on aligned
 // offsets.
 #ifndef ROCKSDB_LITE
-IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteDirect() {
+IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteDirect(
+    Env::IOPriority op_rate_limiter_priority) {
   assert(use_direct_io());
   IOStatus s;
   const size_t alignment = buf_.Alignment();
   assert((next_write_offset_ % alignment) == 0);
 
   // Calculate whole page final file advance if all writes succeed
-  size_t file_advance = TruncateToPageBoundary(alignment, buf_.CurrentSize());
+  const size_t file_advance =
+      TruncateToPageBoundary(alignment, buf_.CurrentSize());
 
   // Calculate the leftover tail, we write it here padded with zeros BUT we
-  // will write
-  // it again in the future either on Close() OR when the current whole page
-  // fills out
-  size_t leftover_tail = buf_.CurrentSize() - file_advance;
+  // will write it again in the future either on Close() OR when the current
+  // whole page fills out.
+  const size_t leftover_tail = buf_.CurrentSize() - file_advance;
 
   // Round up and pad
   buf_.PadToAlignmentWith(0);
@@ -467,11 +707,17 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteDirect() {
   const char* src = buf_.BufferStart();
   uint64_t write_offset = next_write_offset_;
   size_t left = buf_.CurrentSize();
+  DataVerificationInfo v_info;
+  char checksum_buf[sizeof(uint32_t)];
 
   while (left > 0) {
     // Check how much is allowed
     size_t size;
-    if (rate_limiter_ != nullptr) {
+    Env::IOPriority rate_limiter_priority_used =
+        WritableFileWriter::DecideRateLimiterPriority(
+            writable_file_->GetIOPriority(), op_rate_limiter_priority);
+    if (rate_limiter_ != nullptr &&
+        rate_limiter_priority_used != Env::IO_TOTAL) {
       size = rate_limiter_->RequestToken(left, buf_.Alignment(),
                                          writable_file_->GetIOPriority(),
                                          stats_, RateLimiter::OpType::kWrite);
@@ -487,11 +733,23 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteDirect() {
         start_ts = FileOperationInfo::StartNow();
       }
       // direct writes must be positional
-      s = writable_file_->PositionedAppend(Slice(src, size), write_offset,
-                                           IOOptions(), nullptr);
+      if (perform_data_verification_) {
+        Crc32cHandoffChecksumCalculation(src, size, checksum_buf);
+        v_info.checksum = Slice(checksum_buf, sizeof(uint32_t));
+        s = writable_file_->PositionedAppend(Slice(src, size), write_offset,
+                                             IOOptions(), v_info, nullptr);
+      } else {
+        s = writable_file_->PositionedAppend(Slice(src, size), write_offset,
+                                             IOOptions(), nullptr);
+      }
+
       if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
         auto finish_ts = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
         NotifyOnFileWriteFinish(write_offset, size, start_ts, finish_ts, s);
+        if (!s.ok()) {
+          NotifyOnIOError(s, FileOperationType::kPositionedAppend, file_name(),
+                          size, write_offset);
+        }
       }
       if (!s.ok()) {
         buf_.Size(file_advance + leftover_tail);
@@ -519,5 +777,121 @@ IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteDirect() {
   }
   return s;
 }
+
+IOStatus WritableFileWriter::WriteDirectWithChecksum(
+    Env::IOPriority op_rate_limiter_priority) {
+  assert(use_direct_io());
+  assert(perform_data_verification_ && buffered_data_with_checksum_);
+  IOStatus s;
+  const size_t alignment = buf_.Alignment();
+  assert((next_write_offset_ % alignment) == 0);
+
+  // Calculate whole page final file advance if all writes succeed
+  const size_t file_advance =
+      TruncateToPageBoundary(alignment, buf_.CurrentSize());
+
+  // Calculate the leftover tail, we write it here padded with zeros BUT we
+  // will write it again in the future either on Close() OR when the current
+  // whole page fills out.
+  const size_t leftover_tail = buf_.CurrentSize() - file_advance;
+
+  // Round up, pad, and combine the checksum.
+  size_t last_cur_size = buf_.CurrentSize();
+  buf_.PadToAlignmentWith(0);
+  size_t padded_size = buf_.CurrentSize() - last_cur_size;
+  const char* padded_start = buf_.BufferStart() + last_cur_size;
+  uint32_t padded_checksum = crc32c::Value(padded_start, padded_size);
+  buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ = crc32c::Crc32cCombine(
+      buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_, padded_checksum, padded_size);
+
+  const char* src = buf_.BufferStart();
+  uint64_t write_offset = next_write_offset_;
+  size_t left = buf_.CurrentSize();
+  DataVerificationInfo v_info;
+  char checksum_buf[sizeof(uint32_t)];
+
+  // Check how much is allowed. Here, we loop until the rate limiter allows to
+  // write the entire buffer.
+  // TODO: need to be improved since it sort of defeats the purpose of the rate
+  // limiter
+  size_t data_size = left;
+  Env::IOPriority rate_limiter_priority_used =
+      WritableFileWriter::DecideRateLimiterPriority(
+          writable_file_->GetIOPriority(), op_rate_limiter_priority);
+  if (rate_limiter_ != nullptr && rate_limiter_priority_used != Env::IO_TOTAL) {
+    while (data_size > 0) {
+      size_t size;
+      size = rate_limiter_->RequestToken(data_size, buf_.Alignment(),
+                                         writable_file_->GetIOPriority(),
+                                         stats_, RateLimiter::OpType::kWrite);
+      data_size -= size;
+    }
+  }
+
+  {
+    IOSTATS_TIMER_GUARD(write_nanos);
+    TEST_SYNC_POINT("WritableFileWriter::Flush:BeforeAppend");
+    FileOperationInfo::StartTimePoint start_ts;
+    if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
+      start_ts = FileOperationInfo::StartNow();
+    }
+    // direct writes must be positional
+    EncodeFixed32(checksum_buf, buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_);
+    v_info.checksum = Slice(checksum_buf, sizeof(uint32_t));
+    s = writable_file_->PositionedAppend(Slice(src, left), write_offset,
+                                         IOOptions(), v_info, nullptr);
+
+    if (ShouldNotifyListeners()) {
+      auto finish_ts = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
+      NotifyOnFileWriteFinish(write_offset, left, start_ts, finish_ts, s);
+      if (!s.ok()) {
+        NotifyOnIOError(s, FileOperationType::kPositionedAppend, file_name(),
+                        left, write_offset);
+      }
+    }
+    if (!s.ok()) {
+      // In this case, we do not change buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ because
+      // it still aligns with the data in the buffer.
+      buf_.Size(file_advance + leftover_tail);
+      buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ =
+          crc32c::Value(buf_.BufferStart(), buf_.CurrentSize());
+      return s;
+    }
+  }
+
+  IOSTATS_ADD(bytes_written, left);
+  assert((next_write_offset_ % alignment) == 0);
+
+  if (s.ok()) {
+    // Move the tail to the beginning of the buffer
+    // This never happens during normal Append but rather during
+    // explicit call to Flush()/Sync() or Close(). Also the buffer checksum will
+    // recalculated accordingly.
+    buf_.RefitTail(file_advance, leftover_tail);
+    // Adjust the checksum value to align with the data in the buffer
+    buffered_data_crc32c_checksum_ =
+        crc32c::Value(buf_.BufferStart(), buf_.CurrentSize());
+    // This is where we start writing next time which may or not be
+    // the actual file size on disk. They match if the buffer size
+    // is a multiple of whole pages otherwise filesize_ is leftover_tail
+    // behind
+    next_write_offset_ += file_advance;
+  }
+  return s;
+}
 #endif  // !ROCKSDB_LITE
+Env::IOPriority WritableFileWriter::DecideRateLimiterPriority(
+    Env::IOPriority writable_file_io_priority,
+    Env::IOPriority op_rate_limiter_priority) {
+  if (writable_file_io_priority == Env::IO_TOTAL &&
+      op_rate_limiter_priority == Env::IO_TOTAL) {
+    return Env::IO_TOTAL;
+  } else if (writable_file_io_priority == Env::IO_TOTAL) {
+    return op_rate_limiter_priority;
+  } else if (op_rate_limiter_priority == Env::IO_TOTAL) {
+    return writable_file_io_priority;
+  } else {
+    return op_rate_limiter_priority;
+  }
+}
 }  // namespace ROCKSDB_NAMESPACE