@moqtap/codec 0.2.2 → 0.3.0

package/src/drafts/draft14/data-streams.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-import { BufferReader } from "../../core/buffer-reader.js";
-import { BufferWriter } from "../../core/buffer-writer.js";
-import type { DecodeResult } from "../../core/types.js";
-import { DecodeError } from "../../core/types.js";
+import { BufferReader } from '../../core/buffer-reader.js'
+import { BufferWriter } from '../../core/buffer-writer.js'
+import type { DecodeResult } from '../../core/types.js'
+import { DecodeError } from '../../core/types.js'
 import type {
   DatagramObject,
   DataStreamEvent,
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ import type {
   ObjectPayload,
   SubgroupStream,
   SubgroupStreamHeader,
-} from "./types.js";
+} from './types.js'
 
 // ─── Data Stream Constants ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-const FETCH_STREAM_TYPE = 0x05n;
+const FETCH_STREAM_TYPE = 0x05n
 
 // Valid subgroup stream types: 0x10-0x1D (12 types)
 // Bit 0: extensions present
@@ -25,70 +25,53 @@ const FETCH_STREAM_TYPE = 0x05n;
 // Bit 3: end-of-group
 function isValidSubgroupType(t: number): boolean {
   // 12 defined types: 0x10-0x15, 0x18-0x1D
-  return (t >= 0x10 && t <= 0x15) || (t >= 0x18 && t <= 0x1d);
+  return (t >= 0x10 && t <= 0x15) || (t >= 0x18 && t <= 0x1d)
 }
 
 // ─── Data Stream Encoding/Decoding ─────────────────────────────────────────────
 
-/**
- * Compute the subgroup stream type byte from header properties.
- */
-function computeSubgroupType(opts: {
-  hasSubgroupField: boolean;
-  subgroupIsFirstObjId: boolean;
-  extensionsPresent: boolean;
-  endOfGroup: boolean;
-}): number {
-  let t = 0x10;
-  if (opts.extensionsPresent) t |= 0x01;
-  if (opts.subgroupIsFirstObjId) t |= 0x02;
-  if (opts.hasSubgroupField) t |= 0x04;
-  if (opts.endOfGroup) t |= 0x08;
-  return t;
-}
-
 /**
  * Encode a subgroup stream header + objects.
  * Uses delta-encoded Object IDs per draft-14 §10.4.2.
  */
 export function encodeSubgroupStream(stream: SubgroupStream): Uint8Array {
-  const w = new BufferWriter();
-  w.writeVarInt(BigInt(stream.headerType));
-  w.writeVarInt(stream.trackAlias);
-  w.writeVarInt(stream.groupId);
+  const w = new BufferWriter()
+  w.writeVarInt(BigInt(stream.headerType))
+  w.writeVarInt(stream.trackAlias)
+  w.writeVarInt(stream.groupId)
 
-  const hasSubgroupField = (stream.headerType & 0x04) !== 0;
-  const extensionsPresent = (stream.headerType & 0x01) !== 0;
+  const hasSubgroupField = (stream.headerType & 0x04) !== 0
+  const extensionsPresent = (stream.headerType & 0x01) !== 0
   if (hasSubgroupField) {
-    w.writeVarInt(stream.subgroupId);
+    w.writeVarInt(stream.subgroupId)
   }
-  w.writeUint8(stream.publisherPriority);
+  w.writeUint8(stream.publisherPriority)
 
-  let prevObjectId = -1n;
-  let first = true;
+  let prevObjectId = -1n
+  let first = true
   for (const obj of stream.objects) {
     // Delta encoding: first object delta IS the object ID,
     // subsequent deltas: objectId - prevObjectId - 1
-    const delta = first ? obj.objectId : obj.objectId - prevObjectId - 1n;
-    w.writeVarInt(delta);
-    first = false;
-    prevObjectId = obj.objectId;
+    const delta = first ? obj.objectId : obj.objectId - prevObjectId - 1n
+    w.writeVarInt(delta)
+    first = false
+    prevObjectId = obj.objectId
 
     // Extension headers
     if (extensionsPresent) {
-      w.writeVarInt(BigInt(obj.extensionData.length));
-      if (obj.extensionData.length > 0) w.writeBytes(obj.extensionData);
+      w.writeVarInt(BigInt(obj.extensionData.length))
+      if (obj.extensionData.length > 0) w.writeBytes(obj.extensionData)
     }
 
     if (obj.payloadLength === 0) {
-      w.writeVarInt(0);
-      w.writeVarInt(obj.status ?? 0n);
+      w.writeVarInt(0)
+      w.writeVarInt(obj.status ?? 0n)
     } else {
-      w.writeVarInt(obj.payloadLength);
-      w.writeBytes(obj.payload);
+      w.writeVarInt(obj.payloadLength)
+      w.writeBytes(obj.payload)
     }
   }
-  return w.finish();
+  return w.finish()
 }
 
 /**
@@ -96,30 +79,32 @@ export function encodeSubgroupStream(stream: SubgroupStream): Uint8Array {
  * Draft-14 datagram types: 0x00-0x07, 0x20-0x21.
  */
 export function encodeDatagram(dg: DatagramObject): Uint8Array {
-  const w = new BufferWriter();
-  w.writeVarInt(BigInt(dg.datagramType));
-  w.writeVarInt(dg.trackAlias);
-  w.writeVarInt(dg.groupId);
+  const w = new BufferWriter()
+  w.writeVarInt(BigInt(dg.datagramType))
+  w.writeVarInt(dg.trackAlias)
+  w.writeVarInt(dg.groupId)
 
-  const objectIdPresent = (dg.datagramType & 0x04) === 0;
-  const isStatus = dg.datagramType >= 0x20;
-  const extensionsPresent = (dg.datagramType & 0x01) !== 0;
+  const objectIdPresent = (dg.datagramType & 0x04) === 0
+  const isStatus = dg.datagramType >= 0x20
+  const extensionsPresent = (dg.datagramType & 0x01) !== 0
 
   if (objectIdPresent) {
-    w.writeVarInt(dg.objectId);
+    w.writeVarInt(dg.objectId)
   }
-  w.writeUint8(dg.publisherPriority);
+  w.writeUint8(dg.publisherPriority)
 
   if (extensionsPresent) {
-    w.writeVarInt(0); // extension headers length = 0
+    const extData = dg.extensionData ?? new Uint8Array(0)
+    w.writeVarInt(extData.byteLength)
+    if (extData.byteLength > 0) w.writeBytes(extData)
   }
 
   if (isStatus) {
-    w.writeVarInt(dg.objectStatus ?? 0n);
+    w.writeVarInt(dg.objectStatus ?? 0n)
   } else {
-    w.writeBytes(dg.payload);
+    w.writeBytes(dg.payload)
   }
-  return w.finish();
+  return w.finish()
 }
 
 /**
@@ -129,25 +114,25 @@ export function encodeDatagram(dg: DatagramObject): Uint8Array {
  * [ObjectStatus], Payload.
  */
 export function encodeFetchStream(stream: FetchStream): Uint8Array {
-  const w = new BufferWriter();
-  w.writeVarInt(FETCH_STREAM_TYPE);
-  w.writeVarInt(stream.requestId);
+  const w = new BufferWriter()
+  w.writeVarInt(FETCH_STREAM_TYPE)
+  w.writeVarInt(stream.requestId)
   for (const obj of stream.objects) {
-    w.writeVarInt(obj.groupId);
-    w.writeVarInt(obj.subgroupId);
-    w.writeVarInt(obj.objectId);
-    w.writeUint8(obj.publisherPriority);
-    w.writeVarInt(BigInt(obj.extensionData.length));
-    if (obj.extensionData.length > 0) w.writeBytes(obj.extensionData);
+    w.writeVarInt(obj.groupId)
+    w.writeVarInt(obj.subgroupId)
+    w.writeVarInt(obj.objectId)
+    w.writeUint8(obj.publisherPriority)
+    w.writeVarInt(BigInt(obj.extensionData.length))
+    if (obj.extensionData.length > 0) w.writeBytes(obj.extensionData)
     if (obj.payloadLength === 0) {
-      w.writeVarInt(0);
-      w.writeVarInt(obj.status ?? 0n);
+      w.writeVarInt(0)
+      w.writeVarInt(obj.status ?? 0n)
     } else {
-      w.writeVarInt(obj.payloadLength);
-      w.writeBytes(obj.payload);
+      w.writeVarInt(obj.payloadLength)
+      w.writeBytes(obj.payload)
     }
   }
-  return w.finish();
+  return w.finish()
 }
 
 /**
@@ -156,81 +141,89 @@ export function encodeFetchStream(stream: FetchStream): Uint8Array {
  */
 export function decodeSubgroupStream(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<SubgroupStream> {
   try {
-    const r = new BufferReader(bytes);
-    const streamType = Number(r.readVarInt());
+    const r = new BufferReader(bytes)
+    const streamType = Number(r.readVarInt())
 
     if (!isValidSubgroupType(streamType)) {
       return {
         ok: false,
         error: new DecodeError(
-          "CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION",
+          'CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION',
           `Expected subgroup stream type 0x10-0x1D, got 0x${streamType.toString(16)}`,
           0,
         ),
-      };
+      }
     }
 
     // Decode type flags
-    const extensionsPresent = (streamType & 0x01) !== 0;
-    const hasSubgroupField = (streamType & 0x04) !== 0;
-    const subgroupIsFirstObjId = (streamType & 0x02) !== 0 && !hasSubgroupField;
+    const extensionsPresent = (streamType & 0x01) !== 0
+    const hasSubgroupField = (streamType & 0x04) !== 0
+    const subgroupIsFirstObjId = (streamType & 0x02) !== 0 && !hasSubgroupField
 
-    const trackAlias = r.readVarInt();
-    const groupId = r.readVarInt();
+    const trackAlias = r.readVarInt()
+    const groupId = r.readVarInt()
 
-    let subgroupId = 0n;
+    let subgroupId = 0n
     if (hasSubgroupField) {
-      subgroupId = r.readVarInt();
+      subgroupId = r.readVarInt()
     }
-    const publisherPriority = r.readUint8();
+    const publisherPriority = r.readUint8()
 
-    const objects: ObjectPayload[] = [];
-    let prevObjectId = -1n;
-    let firstObject = true;
+    const objects: ObjectPayload[] = []
+    let prevObjectId = -1n
+    let firstObject = true
 
     while (r.remaining > 0) {
-      const byteOffset = r.offset;
-      const delta = r.readVarInt();
-      let objectId: bigint;
+      const byteOffset = r.offset
+      const delta = r.readVarInt()
+      let objectId: bigint
       if (firstObject) {
-        objectId = delta;
+        objectId = delta
         if (subgroupIsFirstObjId) {
-          subgroupId = objectId;
+          subgroupId = objectId
         }
-        firstObject = false;
+        firstObject = false
       } else {
-        objectId = prevObjectId + 1n + delta;
+        objectId = prevObjectId + 1n + delta
       }
 
       // Read extension headers if type indicates they're present
-      let extensionData = new Uint8Array(0);
+      let extensionData = new Uint8Array(0)
       if (extensionsPresent) {
-        const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt());
-        extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytes(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0);
+        const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt())
+        extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytesView(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0)
       }
 
-      const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt());
-      let payload: Uint8Array;
-      let status: bigint | undefined;
-      let payloadByteOffset: number;
+      const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt())
+      let payload: Uint8Array
+      let status: bigint | undefined
+      let payloadByteOffset: number
       if (payloadLength === 0) {
-        status = r.readVarInt();
-        payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-        payload = new Uint8Array(0);
+        status = r.readVarInt()
+        payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+        payload = new Uint8Array(0)
       } else {
-        payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-        payload = r.readBytes(payloadLength);
+        payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+        payload = r.readBytesView(payloadLength)
+      }
+      const obj: ObjectPayload = {
+        type: 'object',
+        byteOffset,
+        payloadByteOffset,
+        objectId,
+        payloadLength,
+        payload,
+        extensionData,
       }
-      const obj: ObjectPayload = { type: "object", byteOffset, payloadByteOffset, objectId, payloadLength, payload, extensionData };
-      if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status;
-      objects.push(obj);
-      prevObjectId = objectId;
+      if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status
+      objects.push(obj)
+      prevObjectId = objectId
     }
 
     return {
       ok: true,
       value: {
-        type: "subgroup",
+        type: 'subgroup',
         headerType: streamType,
         trackAlias,
         groupId,
@@ -239,10 +232,10 @@ export function decodeSubgroupStream(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<SubgroupSt
         objects,
       },
       bytesRead: r.offset,
-    };
+    }
   } catch (e) {
-    if (e instanceof DecodeError) return { ok: false, error: e };
-    throw e;
+    if (e instanceof DecodeError) return { ok: false, error: e }
+    throw e
   }
 }
 
@@ -252,54 +245,53 @@ export function decodeSubgroupStream(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<SubgroupSt
  */
 export function decodeDatagram(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<DatagramObject> {
   try {
-    const r = new BufferReader(bytes);
-    const dgType = Number(r.readVarInt());
+    const r = new BufferReader(bytes)
+    const dgType = Number(r.readVarInt())
 
     // Validate datagram type
-    const validDatagram = (dgType >= 0x00 && dgType <= 0x07) || dgType === 0x20 || dgType === 0x21;
+    const validDatagram = (dgType >= 0x00 && dgType <= 0x07) || dgType === 0x20 || dgType === 0x21
     if (!validDatagram) {
       return {
         ok: false,
         error: new DecodeError(
-          "CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION",
+          'CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION',
           `Expected datagram type 0x00-0x07 or 0x20-0x21, got 0x${dgType.toString(16)}`,
           0,
         ),
-      };
+      }
     }
 
-    const objectIdPresent = (dgType & 0x04) === 0;
-    const endOfGroup = (dgType & 0x02) !== 0;
-    const extensionsPresent = (dgType & 0x01) !== 0;
-    const isStatus = dgType >= 0x20;
+    const objectIdPresent = (dgType & 0x04) === 0
+    const endOfGroup = (dgType & 0x02) !== 0
+    const extensionsPresent = (dgType & 0x01) !== 0
+    const isStatus = dgType >= 0x20
 
-    const trackAlias = r.readVarInt();
-    const groupId = r.readVarInt();
-    let objectId = 0n;
+    const trackAlias = r.readVarInt()
+    const groupId = r.readVarInt()
+    let objectId = 0n
     if (objectIdPresent) {
-      objectId = r.readVarInt();
+      objectId = r.readVarInt()
     }
-    const publisherPriority = r.readUint8();
+    const publisherPriority = r.readUint8()
 
+    let extensionData: Uint8Array | undefined
     if (extensionsPresent) {
-      const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt());
-      if (extLen > 0) {
-        r.readBytes(extLen); // skip extension data
-      }
+      const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt())
+      extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytesView(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0)
     }
 
-    let objectStatus: bigint | undefined;
-    let payload: Uint8Array;
+    let objectStatus: bigint | undefined
+    let payload: Uint8Array
     if (isStatus) {
-      objectStatus = r.readVarInt();
-      payload = new Uint8Array(0);
+      objectStatus = r.readVarInt()
+      payload = new Uint8Array(0)
     } else {
-      payload = r.readBytes(r.remaining);
+      payload = r.readBytesView(r.remaining)
     }
-    const payloadLength = payload.byteLength;
+    const payloadLength = payload.byteLength
 
     const result: DatagramObject = {
-      type: "datagram",
+      type: 'datagram',
       datagramType: dgType,
       trackAlias,
       groupId,
@@ -307,16 +299,18 @@ export function decodeDatagram(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<DatagramObject>
       publisherPriority,
       payloadLength,
       payload,
-    };
+    }
 
-    if (endOfGroup) (result as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).endOfGroup = true;
+    if (endOfGroup) (result as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).endOfGroup = true
     if (objectStatus !== undefined)
-      (result as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).objectStatus = objectStatus;
+      (result as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).objectStatus = objectStatus
+    if (extensionData !== undefined)
+      (result as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).extensionData = extensionData
 
-    return { ok: true, value: result, bytesRead: r.offset };
+    return { ok: true, value: result, bytesRead: r.offset }
   } catch (e) {
-    if (e instanceof DecodeError) return { ok: false, error: e };
-    throw e;
+    if (e instanceof DecodeError) return { ok: false, error: e }
+    throw e
   }
 }
 
@@ -326,43 +320,42 @@ export function decodeDatagram(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<DatagramObject>
  */
 export function decodeFetchStream(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<FetchStream> {
   try {
-    const r = new BufferReader(bytes);
-    const streamType = r.readVarInt();
+    const r = new BufferReader(bytes)
+    const streamType = r.readVarInt()
     if (streamType !== FETCH_STREAM_TYPE) {
       return {
         ok: false,
         error: new DecodeError(
-          "CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION",
+          'CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION',
           `Expected fetch stream type 0x05, got 0x${streamType.toString(16)}`,
           0,
         ),
-      };
+      }
     }
-    const requestId = r.readVarInt();
-    const objects: FetchObjectPayload[] = [];
+    const requestId = r.readVarInt()
+    const objects: FetchObjectPayload[] = []
     while (r.remaining > 0) {
-      const byteOffset = r.offset;
-      const groupId = r.readVarInt();
-      const subgroupId = r.readVarInt();
-      const objectId = r.readVarInt();
-      const publisherPriority = r.readUint8();
-      // Extension headers
-      const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt());
-      const extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytes(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0);
-      const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt());
-      let payload: Uint8Array;
-      let status: bigint | undefined;
-      let payloadByteOffset: number;
+      const byteOffset = r.offset
+      const groupId = r.readVarInt()
+      const subgroupId = r.readVarInt()
+      const objectId = r.readVarInt()
+      const publisherPriority = r.readUint8()
+      const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt())
+      const extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytesView(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0)
+      const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt())
+      let payload: Uint8Array
+      let status: bigint | undefined
+      let payloadByteOffset: number
       if (payloadLength === 0) {
-        status = r.readVarInt();
-        payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-        payload = new Uint8Array(0);
+        status = r.readVarInt()
+        payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+        payload = new Uint8Array(0)
       } else {
-        payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-        payload = r.readBytes(payloadLength);
+        payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+        payload = r.readBytesView(payloadLength)
       }
       const obj: FetchObjectPayload = {
-        type: "object",
+        type: 'object',
         byteOffset,
         payloadByteOffset,
         groupId,
@@ -372,18 +365,18 @@ export function decodeFetchStream(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<FetchStream>
         payloadLength,
         payload,
         extensionData,
-      };
-      if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status;
-      objects.push(obj);
+      }
+      if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status
+      objects.push(obj)
     }
     return {
       ok: true,
-      value: { type: "fetch", requestId, objects },
+      value: { type: 'fetch', requestId, objects },
       bytesRead: r.offset,
-    };
+    }
   } catch (e) {
-    if (e instanceof DecodeError) return { ok: false, error: e };
-    throw e;
+    if (e instanceof DecodeError) return { ok: false, error: e }
+    throw e
   }
 }
 
@@ -391,19 +384,19 @@ export function decodeFetchStream(bytes: Uint8Array): DecodeResult<FetchStream>
  * Decode a data stream, dispatching by stream type.
  */
 export function decodeDataStream(
-  streamType: "subgroup" | "datagram" | "fetch",
+  streamType: 'subgroup' | 'datagram' | 'fetch',
   bytes: Uint8Array,
 ): DecodeResult<Draft14DataStream> {
   switch (streamType) {
-    case "subgroup":
-      return decodeSubgroupStream(bytes);
-    case "datagram":
-      return decodeDatagram(bytes);
-    case "fetch":
-      return decodeFetchStream(bytes);
+    case 'subgroup':
+      return decodeSubgroupStream(bytes)
+    case 'datagram':
+      return decodeDatagram(bytes)
+    case 'fetch':
+      return decodeFetchStream(bytes)
     default: {
-      const _exhaustive: never = streamType;
-      throw new Error(`Unknown stream type: ${_exhaustive}`);
+      const _exhaustive: never = streamType
+      throw new Error(`Unknown stream type: ${_exhaustive}`)
     }
   }
 }
@@ -419,109 +412,122 @@ export function createSubgroupStreamDecoder(): TransformStream<
   Uint8Array,
   SubgroupStreamHeader | ObjectPayload
 > {
-  let buffer = new Uint8Array(0);
-  let headerEmitted = false;
-  let extensionsPresent = false;
-  let prevObjectId = -1n;
-  let firstObject = true;
+  let buffer = new Uint8Array(0)
+  let offset = 0
+  let headerEmitted = false
+  let extensionsPresent = false
+  let prevObjectId = -1n
+  let firstObject = true
 
   return new TransformStream<Uint8Array, SubgroupStreamHeader | ObjectPayload>({
     transform(chunk, controller) {
-      const newBuffer = new Uint8Array(buffer.length + chunk.length);
-      newBuffer.set(buffer, 0);
-      newBuffer.set(chunk, buffer.length);
-      buffer = newBuffer;
+      if (offset > 0) {
+        buffer = buffer.subarray(offset)
+        offset = 0
+      }
+      const newBuffer = new Uint8Array(buffer.length + chunk.length)
+      newBuffer.set(buffer, 0)
+      newBuffer.set(chunk, buffer.length)
+      buffer = newBuffer
 
       if (!headerEmitted) {
         try {
-          const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-          const streamType = Number(r.readVarInt());
+          const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+          const streamType = Number(r.readVarInt())
           if (!isValidSubgroupType(streamType)) {
             controller.error(
               new DecodeError(
-                "CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION",
+                'CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION',
                 `Expected subgroup stream type 0x10-0x1D, got 0x${streamType.toString(16)}`,
                 0,
               ),
-            );
-            return;
+            )
+            return
           }
-          extensionsPresent = (streamType & 0x01) !== 0;
-          const hasSubgroupField = (streamType & 0x04) !== 0;
-          const trackAlias = r.readVarInt();
-          const groupId = r.readVarInt();
-          let subgroupId = 0n;
+          extensionsPresent = (streamType & 0x01) !== 0
+          const hasSubgroupField = (streamType & 0x04) !== 0
+          const trackAlias = r.readVarInt()
+          const groupId = r.readVarInt()
+          let subgroupId = 0n
           if (hasSubgroupField) {
-            subgroupId = r.readVarInt();
+            subgroupId = r.readVarInt()
           }
-          const publisherPriority = r.readUint8();
+          const publisherPriority = r.readUint8()
 
           controller.enqueue({
-            type: "subgroup_header",
+            type: 'subgroup_header',
             headerType: streamType,
             trackAlias,
             groupId,
             subgroupId,
             publisherPriority,
-          });
-          headerEmitted = true;
-          buffer = buffer.slice(r.offset);
+          })
+          headerEmitted = true
+          offset += r.offset
         } catch (e) {
-          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") {
-            return;
+          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') {
+            return
           }
-          controller.error(e);
-          return;
+          controller.error(e)
+          return
         }
       }
 
-      while (buffer.length > 0) {
+      while (offset < buffer.length) {
         try {
-          const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-          const byteOffset = r.offset;
-          const delta = r.readVarInt();
-          const objectId = firstObject ? delta : prevObjectId + 1n + delta;
-          firstObject = false;
+          const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+          const byteOffset = r.offset
+          const delta = r.readVarInt()
+          const objectId = firstObject ? delta : prevObjectId + 1n + delta
+          firstObject = false
 
-          let extensionData = new Uint8Array(0);
+          let extensionData = new Uint8Array(0)
           if (extensionsPresent) {
-            const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt());
-            extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytes(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0);
+            const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt())
+            extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytesView(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0)
           }
 
-          const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt());
-          let payload: Uint8Array;
-          let status: bigint | undefined;
-          let payloadByteOffset: number;
+          const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt())
+          let payload: Uint8Array
+          let status: bigint | undefined
+          let payloadByteOffset: number
           if (payloadLength === 0) {
-            status = r.readVarInt();
-            payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-            payload = new Uint8Array(0);
+            status = r.readVarInt()
+            payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+            payload = new Uint8Array(0)
           } else {
-            payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-            payload = r.readBytes(payloadLength);
+            payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+            payload = r.readBytesView(payloadLength)
+          }
+          const obj: ObjectPayload = {
+            type: 'object',
+            byteOffset,
+            payloadByteOffset,
+            objectId,
+            payloadLength,
+            payload,
+            extensionData,
           }
-          const obj: ObjectPayload = { type: "object", byteOffset, payloadByteOffset, objectId, payloadLength, payload, extensionData };
-          if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status;
-          controller.enqueue(obj);
-          prevObjectId = objectId;
-          buffer = buffer.slice(r.offset);
+          if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status
+          controller.enqueue(obj)
+          prevObjectId = objectId
+          offset += r.offset
         } catch (e) {
-          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") {
-            break;
+          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') {
+            break
           }
-          controller.error(e);
-          return;
+          controller.error(e)
+          return
         }
       }
     },
 
     flush(controller) {
-      if (buffer.length > 0) {
-        controller.error(new DecodeError("UNEXPECTED_END", "Stream ended with incomplete data", 0));
+      if (offset < buffer.length) {
+        controller.error(new DecodeError('UNEXPECTED_END', 'Stream ended with incomplete data', 0))
       }
     },
-  });
+  })
 }
 
 /**
@@ -533,68 +539,73 @@ export function createFetchStreamDecoder(): TransformStream<
   Uint8Array,
   FetchStreamHeader | ObjectPayload
 > {
-  let buffer = new Uint8Array(0);
-  let headerEmitted = false;
+  let buffer = new Uint8Array(0)
+  let offset = 0
+  let headerEmitted = false
 
   return new TransformStream<Uint8Array, FetchStreamHeader | ObjectPayload>({
     transform(chunk, controller) {
-      const newBuffer = new Uint8Array(buffer.length + chunk.length);
-      newBuffer.set(buffer, 0);
-      newBuffer.set(chunk, buffer.length);
-      buffer = newBuffer;
+      if (offset > 0) {
+        buffer = buffer.subarray(offset)
+        offset = 0
+      }
+      const newBuffer = new Uint8Array(buffer.length + chunk.length)
+      newBuffer.set(buffer, 0)
+      newBuffer.set(chunk, buffer.length)
+      buffer = newBuffer
 
       if (!headerEmitted) {
         try {
-          const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-          const streamType = r.readVarInt();
+          const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+          const streamType = r.readVarInt()
           if (streamType !== FETCH_STREAM_TYPE) {
             controller.error(
               new DecodeError(
-                "CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION",
+                'CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION',
                 `Expected fetch stream type 0x05, got 0x${streamType.toString(16)}`,
                 0,
               ),
-            );
-            return;
+            )
+            return
           }
-          const requestId = r.readVarInt();
+          const requestId = r.readVarInt()
 
-          controller.enqueue({ type: "fetch_header", requestId });
-          headerEmitted = true;
-          buffer = buffer.slice(r.offset);
+          controller.enqueue({ type: 'fetch_header', requestId })
+          headerEmitted = true
+          offset += r.offset
         } catch (e) {
-          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") {
-            return;
+          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') {
+            return
           }
-          controller.error(e);
-          return;
+          controller.error(e)
+          return
         }
       }
 
-      while (buffer.length > 0) {
+      while (offset < buffer.length) {
         try {
-          const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-          const byteOffset = r.offset;
-          const groupId = r.readVarInt();
-          const subgroupId = r.readVarInt();
-          const objectId = r.readVarInt();
-          const publisherPriority = r.readUint8();
-          const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt());
-          const extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytes(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0);
-          const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt());
-          let payload: Uint8Array;
-          let status: bigint | undefined;
-          let payloadByteOffset: number;
+          const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+          const byteOffset = r.offset
+          const groupId = r.readVarInt()
+          const subgroupId = r.readVarInt()
+          const objectId = r.readVarInt()
+          const publisherPriority = r.readUint8()
+          const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt())
+          const extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytesView(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0)
+          const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt())
+          let payload: Uint8Array
+          let status: bigint | undefined
+          let payloadByteOffset: number
           if (payloadLength === 0) {
-            status = r.readVarInt();
-            payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-            payload = new Uint8Array(0);
+            status = r.readVarInt()
+            payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+            payload = new Uint8Array(0)
           } else {
-            payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-            payload = r.readBytes(payloadLength);
+            payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+            payload = r.readBytesView(payloadLength)
           }
           const obj: FetchObjectPayload = {
-            type: "object",
+            type: 'object',
             byteOffset,
             payloadByteOffset,
             groupId,
@@ -604,26 +615,26 @@ export function createFetchStreamDecoder(): TransformStream<
             payloadLength,
             payload,
             extensionData,
-          };
-          if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status;
-          controller.enqueue(obj);
-          buffer = buffer.slice(r.offset);
+          }
+          if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status
+          controller.enqueue(obj)
+          offset += r.offset
         } catch (e) {
-          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") {
-            break;
+          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') {
+            break
           }
-          controller.error(e);
-          return;
+          controller.error(e)
+          return
         }
       }
     },
 
     flush(controller) {
-      if (buffer.length > 0) {
-        controller.error(new DecodeError("UNEXPECTED_END", "Stream ended with incomplete data", 0));
+      if (offset < buffer.length) {
+        controller.error(new DecodeError('UNEXPECTED_END', 'Stream ended with incomplete data', 0))
       }
     },
-  });
+  })
 }
 
 /**
@@ -631,168 +642,190 @@ export function createFetchStreamDecoder(): TransformStream<
  * Reads the stream type varint: 0x10-0x1D = subgroup, 0x05 = fetch.
  */
 export function createDataStreamDecoder(): TransformStream<Uint8Array, DataStreamEvent> {
-  let buffer = new Uint8Array(0);
-  let detectedType: "subgroup" | "fetch" | null = null;
-  let headerEmitted = false;
-  let extensionsPresent = false;
-  let prevObjectId = -1n;
-  let firstObject = true;
+  let buffer = new Uint8Array(0)
+  let offset = 0
+  let detectedType: 'subgroup' | 'fetch' | null = null
+  let headerEmitted = false
+  let extensionsPresent = false
+  let prevObjectId = -1n
+  let firstObject = true
 
   return new TransformStream<Uint8Array, DataStreamEvent>({
     transform(chunk, controller) {
-      const newBuffer = new Uint8Array(buffer.length + chunk.length);
-      newBuffer.set(buffer, 0);
-      newBuffer.set(chunk, buffer.length);
-      buffer = newBuffer;
+      if (offset > 0) {
+        buffer = buffer.subarray(offset)
+        offset = 0
+      }
+      const newBuffer = new Uint8Array(buffer.length + chunk.length)
+      newBuffer.set(buffer, 0)
+      newBuffer.set(chunk, buffer.length)
+      buffer = newBuffer
 
       if (detectedType === null) {
         try {
-          const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-          const streamType = Number(r.readVarInt());
+          const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+          const streamType = Number(r.readVarInt())
           if (isValidSubgroupType(streamType)) {
-            detectedType = "subgroup";
+            detectedType = 'subgroup'
           } else if (streamType === 0x05) {
-            detectedType = "fetch";
+            detectedType = 'fetch'
           } else {
             controller.error(
               new DecodeError(
-                "CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION",
+                'CONSTRAINT_VIOLATION',
                 `Unknown data stream type: 0x${streamType.toString(16)}`,
                 0,
               ),
-            );
-            return;
+            )
+            return
           }
         } catch (e) {
-          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") {
-            return;
+          if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') {
+            return
           }
-          controller.error(e);
-          return;
+          controller.error(e)
+          return
         }
       }
 
-      if (detectedType === "subgroup") {
+      if (detectedType === 'subgroup') {
         if (!headerEmitted) {
           try {
-            const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-            const streamType = Number(r.readVarInt());
-            extensionsPresent = (streamType & 0x01) !== 0;
-            const hasSubgroupField = (streamType & 0x04) !== 0;
-            const trackAlias = r.readVarInt();
-            const groupId = r.readVarInt();
-            let subgroupId = 0n;
-            if (hasSubgroupField) subgroupId = r.readVarInt();
-            const publisherPriority = r.readUint8();
+            const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+            const streamType = Number(r.readVarInt())
+            extensionsPresent = (streamType & 0x01) !== 0
+            const hasSubgroupField = (streamType & 0x04) !== 0
+            const trackAlias = r.readVarInt()
+            const groupId = r.readVarInt()
+            let subgroupId = 0n
+            if (hasSubgroupField) subgroupId = r.readVarInt()
+            const publisherPriority = r.readUint8()
             controller.enqueue({
-              type: "subgroup_header",
+              type: 'subgroup_header',
               headerType: streamType,
               trackAlias,
               groupId,
               subgroupId,
               publisherPriority,
-            });
-            headerEmitted = true;
-            buffer = buffer.slice(r.offset);
+            })
+            headerEmitted = true
+            offset += r.offset
           } catch (e) {
-            if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") return;
-            controller.error(e);
-            return;
+            if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') return
+            controller.error(e)
+            return
           }
         }
 
-        while (buffer.length > 0) {
+        while (offset < buffer.length) {
           try {
-            const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-            const byteOffset = r.offset;
-            const delta = r.readVarInt();
-            const objectId = firstObject ? delta : prevObjectId + 1n + delta;
-            firstObject = false;
-            let extensionData = new Uint8Array(0);
+            const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+            const byteOffset = r.offset
+            const delta = r.readVarInt()
+            const objectId = firstObject ? delta : prevObjectId + 1n + delta
+            firstObject = false
+            let extensionData = new Uint8Array(0)
             if (extensionsPresent) {
-              const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt());
-              extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytes(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0);
+              const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt())
+              extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytesView(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0)
             }
-            const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt());
-            let payload: Uint8Array;
-            let status: bigint | undefined;
-            let payloadByteOffset: number;
+            const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt())
+            let payload: Uint8Array
+            let status: bigint | undefined
+            let payloadByteOffset: number
             if (payloadLength === 0) {
-              status = r.readVarInt();
-              payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-              payload = new Uint8Array(0);
+              status = r.readVarInt()
+              payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+              payload = new Uint8Array(0)
             } else {
-              payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-              payload = r.readBytes(payloadLength);
+              payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+              payload = r.readBytesView(payloadLength)
+            }
+            const obj: ObjectPayload = {
+              type: 'object',
+              byteOffset,
+              payloadByteOffset,
+              objectId,
+              payloadLength,
+              payload,
+              extensionData,
             }
-            const obj: ObjectPayload = { type: "object", byteOffset, payloadByteOffset, objectId, payloadLength, payload, extensionData };
-            if (status !== undefined)
-              (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status;
-            controller.enqueue(obj);
-            prevObjectId = objectId;
-            buffer = buffer.slice(r.offset);
+            if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status
+            controller.enqueue(obj)
+            prevObjectId = objectId
+            offset += r.offset
           } catch (e) {
-            if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") break;
-            controller.error(e);
-            return;
+            if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') break
+            controller.error(e)
+            return
           }
         }
       } else {
         if (!headerEmitted) {
           try {
-            const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-            r.readVarInt(); // stream type (0x05)
-            const requestId = r.readVarInt();
-            controller.enqueue({ type: "fetch_header", requestId });
-            headerEmitted = true;
-            buffer = buffer.slice(r.offset);
+            const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+            r.readVarInt() // stream type (0x05)
+            const requestId = r.readVarInt()
+            controller.enqueue({ type: 'fetch_header', requestId })
+            headerEmitted = true
+            offset += r.offset
           } catch (e) {
-            if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") return;
-            controller.error(e);
-            return;
+            if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') return
+            controller.error(e)
+            return
           }
         }
 
-        while (buffer.length > 0) {
+        while (offset < buffer.length) {
           try {
-            const r = new BufferReader(buffer);
-            const byteOffset = r.offset;
-            const groupId = r.readVarInt();
-            const subgroupId = r.readVarInt();
-            const objectId = r.readVarInt();
-            const publisherPriority = r.readUint8();
-            const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt());
-            const extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytes(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0);
-            const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt());
-            let payload: Uint8Array;
-            let status: bigint | undefined;
-            let payloadByteOffset: number;
+            const r = new BufferReader(buffer.subarray(offset))
+            const byteOffset = r.offset
+            const groupId = r.readVarInt()
+            const subgroupId = r.readVarInt()
+            const objectId = r.readVarInt()
+            const publisherPriority = r.readUint8()
+            const extLen = Number(r.readVarInt())
+            const extensionData = extLen > 0 ? r.readBytesView(extLen) : new Uint8Array(0)
+            const payloadLength = Number(r.readVarInt())
+            let payload: Uint8Array
+            let status: bigint | undefined
+            let payloadByteOffset: number
             if (payloadLength === 0) {
-              status = r.readVarInt();
-              payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-              payload = new Uint8Array(0);
+              status = r.readVarInt()
+              payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+              payload = new Uint8Array(0)
             } else {
-              payloadByteOffset = r.offset;
-              payload = r.readBytes(payloadLength);
+              payloadByteOffset = r.offset
+              payload = r.readBytesView(payloadLength)
+            }
+            const obj: FetchObjectPayload = {
+              type: 'object',
+              byteOffset,
+              payloadByteOffset,
+              groupId,
+              subgroupId,
+              objectId,
+              publisherPriority,
+              payloadLength,
+              payload,
+              extensionData,
             }
-            const obj: ObjectPayload = { type: "object", byteOffset, payloadByteOffset, objectId, payloadLength, payload, extensionData };
-            if (status !== undefined)
-              (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status;
-            controller.enqueue(obj);
-            buffer = buffer.slice(r.offset);
+            if (status !== undefined) (obj as unknown as Record<string, unknown>).status = status
+            controller.enqueue(obj)
+            offset += r.offset
           } catch (e) {
-            if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === "UNEXPECTED_END") break;
-            controller.error(e);
-            return;
+            if (e instanceof DecodeError && e.code === 'UNEXPECTED_END') break
+            controller.error(e)
+            return
           }
         }
       }
     },
 
     flush(controller) {
-      if (buffer.length > 0) {
-        controller.error(new DecodeError("UNEXPECTED_END", "Stream ended with incomplete data", 0));
+      if (offset < buffer.length) {
+        controller.error(new DecodeError('UNEXPECTED_END', 'Stream ended with incomplete data', 0))
       }
     },
-  });
+  })
 }