@k2works/claude-code-booster 6.2.0 → 6.3.0

package/lib/assets/docs/article/functional-desgin-ppp/scala/11-command-pattern.md

@@ -1,416 +0,0 @@
----
-type: Article
-title: "第11章: Command パターン"
-description: "Command パターンは、リクエストをオブジェクトとしてカプセル化し、操作の履歴管理、Undo/Redo、バッチ処理を可能にするパターンです。"
-tags: [article, functional-desgin-ppp, scala]
-status: stable
-generated: { by: human:kakimomokuri, at: 2026-03-24T05:22:28Z }
----
-
-# 第11章: Command パターン
-
-## はじめに
-
-Command パターンは、リクエストをオブジェクトとしてカプセル化し、操作の履歴管理、Undo/Redo、バッチ処理を可能にするパターンです。
-
-本章では、テキスト編集、キャンバス操作、計算機、ファイルシステム、タスク管理などの例を通じて、Command パターンの実装を学びます。
-
-## 1. パターンの構造
-
-```plantuml
-@startuml
-title Command パターン構造
-
-interface "Command[S]" as Command {
-  +execute(state: S): S
-  +undo(state: S): S
-}
-
-class "ConcreteCommand" as Concrete {
-  +execute(state: S): S
-  +undo(state: S): S
-}
-
-class "MacroCommand" as Macro {
-  +commands: List[Command]
-  +execute(state: S): S
-  +undo(state: S): S
-}
-
-class "CommandExecutor[S]" as Executor {
-  -state: S
-  -undoStack: List[Command[S]]
-  -redoStack: List[Command[S]]
-  +execute(command): CommandExecutor[S]
-  +undo: CommandExecutor[S]
-  +redo: CommandExecutor[S]
-}
-
-Command <|.. Concrete
-Command <|.. Macro
-Executor --> Command : manages
-Macro o-- Command : contains
-@enduml
-```
-
-## 2. Command インターフェース
-
-```scala
-trait Command[S]:
-  def execute(state: S): S
-  def undo(state: S): S
-```
-
-シンプルなインターフェースで、状態 `S` を受け取り、新しい状態を返します。
-
-## 3. テキスト操作コマンド
-
-### Document（状態）
-
-```scala
-case class Document(content: String):
-  def insert(position: Int, text: String): Document =
-    val (before, after) = content.splitAt(position)
-    Document(before + text + after)
-  
-  def delete(start: Int, end: Int): Document =
-    val before = content.take(start)
-    val after = content.drop(end)
-    Document(before + after)
-  
-  def replace(start: Int, end: Int, text: String): Document =
-    delete(start, end).insert(start, text)
-```
-
-### InsertCommand
-
-```scala
-case class InsertCommand(position: Int, text: String) extends Command[Document]:
-  def execute(doc: Document): Document =
-    doc.insert(position, text)
-  
-  def undo(doc: Document): Document =
-    doc.delete(position, position + text.length)
-```
-
-### DeleteCommand
-
-```scala
-case class DeleteCommand(start: Int, end: Int, deletedText: String) extends Command[Document]:
-  def execute(doc: Document): Document =
-    doc.delete(start, end)
-  
-  def undo(doc: Document): Document =
-    doc.insert(start, deletedText)
-```
-
-### ReplaceCommand
-
-```scala
-case class ReplaceCommand(start: Int, oldText: String, newText: String) extends Command[Document]:
-  def execute(doc: Document): Document =
-    doc.replace(start, start + oldText.length, newText)
-  
-  def undo(doc: Document): Document =
-    doc.replace(start, start + newText.length, oldText)
-```
-
-### 使用例
-
-```scala
-val doc = Document("Hello")
-val cmd = InsertCommand(5, " World")
-cmd.execute(doc).content  // "Hello World"
-cmd.undo(Document("Hello World")).content  // "Hello"
-```
-
-## 4. キャンバス操作コマンド
-
-### Canvas と Shape
-
-```scala
-sealed trait Shape:
-  def id: String
-  def x: Double
-  def y: Double
-  def move(dx: Double, dy: Double): Shape
-
-case class Circle(id: String, x: Double, y: Double, radius: Double) extends Shape:
-  def move(dx: Double, dy: Double): Circle = copy(x = x + dx, y = y + dy)
-
-case class Canvas(shapes: List[Shape] = Nil):
-  def addShape(shape: Shape): Canvas = copy(shapes = shapes :+ shape)
-  def removeShape(id: String): Canvas = copy(shapes = shapes.filterNot(_.id == id))
-  def moveShape(id: String, dx: Double, dy: Double): Canvas = ...
-```
-
-### Canvas コマンド
-
-```scala
-case class AddShapeCommand(shape: Shape) extends Command[Canvas]:
-  def execute(canvas: Canvas): Canvas = canvas.addShape(shape)
-  def undo(canvas: Canvas): Canvas = canvas.removeShape(shape.id)
-
-case class MoveShapeCommand(shapeId: String, dx: Double, dy: Double) extends Command[Canvas]:
-  def execute(canvas: Canvas): Canvas = canvas.moveShape(shapeId, dx, dy)
-  def undo(canvas: Canvas): Canvas = canvas.moveShape(shapeId, -dx, -dy)
-```
-
-## 5. コマンド実行器（Invoker）
-
-```scala
-case class CommandExecutor[S](
-  state: S,
-  undoStack: List[Command[S]] = Nil,
-  redoStack: List[Command[S]] = Nil
-):
-  def execute(command: Command[S]): CommandExecutor[S] =
-    copy(
-      state = command.execute(state),
-      undoStack = command :: undoStack,
-      redoStack = Nil  // 新しいコマンド実行で Redo 履歴クリア
-    )
-  
-  def undo: CommandExecutor[S] =
-    undoStack match
-      case head :: tail =>
-        copy(
-          state = head.undo(state),
-          undoStack = tail,
-          redoStack = head :: redoStack
-        )
-      case Nil => this
-  
-  def redo: CommandExecutor[S] =
-    redoStack match
-      case head :: tail =>
-        copy(
-          state = head.execute(state),
-          undoStack = head :: undoStack,
-          redoStack = tail
-        )
-      case Nil => this
-  
-  def canUndo: Boolean = undoStack.nonEmpty
-  def canRedo: Boolean = redoStack.nonEmpty
-  
-  def executeBatch(commands: List[Command[S]]): CommandExecutor[S] =
-    commands.foldLeft(this)((exec, cmd) => exec.execute(cmd))
-  
-  def undoAll: CommandExecutor[S] =
-    if canUndo then undo.undoAll else this
-```
-
-### 使用例
-
-```scala
-val exec = CommandExecutor(Document("Hello"))
-  .execute(InsertCommand(5, " World"))
-  .execute(InsertCommand(11, "!"))
-
-exec.state.content  // "Hello World!"
-exec.undo.state.content  // "Hello World"
-exec.undo.undo.state.content  // "Hello"
-exec.undo.undo.redo.state.content  // "Hello World"
-```
-
-## 6. マクロコマンド（複合コマンド）
-
-```scala
-case class MacroCommand[S](commands: List[Command[S]]) extends Command[S]:
-  def execute(state: S): S =
-    commands.foldLeft(state)((s, cmd) => cmd.execute(s))
-  
-  def undo(state: S): S =
-    commands.reverse.foldLeft(state)((s, cmd) => cmd.undo(s))
-  
-  def add(command: Command[S]): MacroCommand[S] =
-    copy(commands = commands :+ command)
-
-object MacroCommand:
-  def apply[S](commands: Command[S]*): MacroCommand[S] = 
-    MacroCommand(commands.toList)
-```
-
-### 使用例
-
-```scala
-val macroCmd = MacroCommand(
-  InsertCommand(5, " World"),
-  InsertCommand(11, "!")
-)
-
-val exec = CommandExecutor(Document("Hello"))
-  .execute(macroCmd)
-
-exec.state.content  // "Hello World!"
-exec.undoCount  // 1（マクロ全体で1コマンド）
-exec.undo.state.content  // "Hello"（一度に全て取り消し）
-```
-
-## 7. 計算機コマンド
-
-```scala
-case class Calculator(value: Double = 0)
-
-case class AddCommand(operand: Double) extends Command[Calculator]:
-  def execute(calc: Calculator): Calculator = 
-    calc.copy(value = calc.value + operand)
-  def undo(calc: Calculator): Calculator = 
-    calc.copy(value = calc.value - operand)
-
-case class MultiplyCommand(operand: Double) extends Command[Calculator]:
-  def execute(calc: Calculator): Calculator = 
-    calc.copy(value = calc.value * operand)
-  def undo(calc: Calculator): Calculator = 
-    calc.copy(value = calc.value / operand)
-```
-
-### 使用例
-
-```scala
-val exec = CommandExecutor(Calculator())
-  .execute(AddCommand(100))
-  .execute(MultiplyCommand(2))
-  .execute(SubtractCommand(50))
-  .execute(DivideCommand(3))
-
-exec.state.value  // 50.0 ((100 * 2 - 50) / 3)
-exec.undo.state.value  // 150.0
-```
-
-## 8. ファイル操作コマンド
-
-```scala
-case class FileSystem(files: Map[String, String] = Map.empty)
-
-case class CreateFileCommand(path: String, content: String) extends Command[FileSystem]:
-  def execute(fs: FileSystem): FileSystem = 
-    fs.copy(files = fs.files + (path -> content))
-  def undo(fs: FileSystem): FileSystem = 
-    fs.copy(files = fs.files - path)
-
-case class UpdateFileCommand(path: String, oldContent: String, newContent: String) 
-    extends Command[FileSystem]:
-  def execute(fs: FileSystem): FileSystem = 
-    fs.copy(files = fs.files + (path -> newContent))
-  def undo(fs: FileSystem): FileSystem = 
-    fs.copy(files = fs.files + (path -> oldContent))
-```
-
-## 9. タスク管理コマンド
-
-```scala
-enum TaskStatus:
-  case Todo, InProgress, Done
-
-case class Task(id: String, title: String, status: TaskStatus = TaskStatus.Todo)
-
-case class TaskList(tasks: Map[String, Task] = Map.empty)
-
-case class AddTaskCommand(task: Task) extends Command[TaskList]:
-  def execute(list: TaskList): TaskList = list.addTask(task)
-  def undo(list: TaskList): TaskList = list.removeTask(task.id)
-
-case class ChangeTaskStatusCommand(
-  taskId: String,
-  oldStatus: TaskStatus,
-  newStatus: TaskStatus
-) extends Command[TaskList]:
-  def execute(list: TaskList): TaskList = 
-    list.updateTask(taskId, _.copy(status = newStatus))
-  def undo(list: TaskList): TaskList = 
-    list.updateTask(taskId, _.copy(status = oldStatus))
-```
-
-## 10. コマンドキュー（遅延実行）
-
-```scala
-case class CommandQueue[S](commands: List[Command[S]] = Nil):
-  def enqueue(command: Command[S]): CommandQueue[S] =
-    copy(commands = commands :+ command)
-  
-  def executeAll(initialState: S): S =
-    commands.foldLeft(initialState)((s, cmd) => cmd.execute(s))
-  
-  def executeNext(state: S): (S, CommandQueue[S]) =
-    commands match
-      case head :: tail => (head.execute(state), CommandQueue(tail))
-      case Nil => (state, this)
-```
-
-## 11. 関数型コマンド
-
-```scala
-case class FunctionalCommand[S](
-  executeFn: S => S,
-  undoFn: S => S,
-  description: String = ""
-) extends Command[S]:
-  def execute(state: S): S = executeFn(state)
-  def undo(state: S): S = undoFn(state)
-
-object FunctionalCommand:
-  def reversible[S](forward: S => S, backward: S => S): FunctionalCommand[S] =
-    FunctionalCommand(forward, backward)
-  
-  def symmetric[S](transform: S => S): FunctionalCommand[S] =
-    FunctionalCommand(transform, transform)
-```
-
-### 使用例
-
-```scala
-// 可逆な操作
-val cmd = FunctionalCommand.reversible[Int](_ + 10, _ - 10)
-cmd.execute(5)  // 15
-cmd.undo(15)    // 5
-
-// 対称な操作（toggleなど）
-val toggle = FunctionalCommand.symmetric[Boolean](!_)
-toggle.execute(true)  // false
-toggle.undo(false)    // true
-```
-
-## 12. パターンの利点
-
-1. **操作のオブジェクト化**: 操作をデータとして表現できる
-2. **Undo/Redo**: 操作履歴の管理が容易
-3. **バッチ処理**: 複数の操作をまとめて処理
-4. **遅延実行**: コマンドをキューに入れて後で実行
-5. **ログ記録**: 操作の履歴をログとして保存
-6. **マクロ**: 複数の操作を一つにまとめる
-
-## Clojure との比較
-
-| 概念 | Clojure | Scala |
-|------|---------|-------|
-| Command | マップ + マルチメソッド | trait + case class |
-| execute/undo | `(defmethod execute ...)` | `def execute(s: S): S` |
-| 状態変更 | 関数を返す `(fn [state] ...)` | 直接新しい状態を返す |
-| MacroCommand | ベクタ + reduce | `case class MacroCommand` |
-| 履歴管理 | アトム + ベクタ | イミュータブルリスト |
-
-## まとめ
-
-本章では、Command パターンについて学びました：
-
-1. **Command インターフェース**: execute と undo を持つシンプルな設計
-2. **具体コマンド**: テキスト、キャンバス、計算機、ファイル、タスク
-3. **CommandExecutor**: Undo/Redo スタックによる履歴管理
-4. **MacroCommand**: 複数のコマンドを一つとして扱う
-5. **CommandQueue**: 遅延実行のためのキュー
-6. **FunctionalCommand**: 関数からコマンドを生成
-
-Command パターンは、操作の履歴管理や取り消し機能が必要な場面で非常に有効です。
-
-## 参考コード
-
-本章のコード例は以下のファイルで確認できます：
-
-- ソースコード: `apps/scala/part3/src/main/scala/CommandPattern.scala`
-- テストコード: `apps/scala/part3/src/test/scala/CommandPatternSpec.scala`
-
-## 次章予告
-
-次章では、**Visitor パターン**について学びます。データ構造と操作を分離し、新しい操作を追加しやすくする方法を探ります。