@hestia-earth/guide 0.0.17 → 0.0.18

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/landUseChange/emissionsToAirOrganicSoilBurning/content.json

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+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Land Use Change"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"tag":["land burning"]},"content":"# Emissions, to air, organic soil burning\n\nThis model returns the amounts of emissions from organic soil burning according to the [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf) guidelines:\n\n1. [CH<sub>4</sub>, to air, organic soil burning](/term/ch4ToAirOrganicSoilBurning);\n2. [CO<sub>2</sub>, to air, organic soil burning](/term/co2ToAirOrganicSoilBurning);\n3. [CO, to air, organic soil burning](/term/coToAirOrganicSoilBurning);\n4. [N<sub>2</sub>O, to air, organic soil burning](/term/n2OToAirOrganicSoilBurningDirect);\n5. [NH<sub>3</sub>, to air, organic soil burning](/term/nh3ToAirOrganicSoilBurning);\n6. [NO<sub>x</sub>, to air, organic soil burning](/term/noxToAirOrganicSoilBurning).\n\nCurrently, this model only calculates emissions from forests burning, as we have no reliable way of recording savannah grassland and woodland fire regimes using the HESTIA glossary.\n\nOnly emissions from organic soil burning due to land conversion are estimated by this model. Emissions from other types of fire events (wildfire, fire as a management practice, crop residues burning) should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThis model is not suitable for calculating emissions from organic soil burning in polar eco-climate zones.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by constructing an annual inventory of land conversion via the burning of organic soil. Emissions from these fire events are estimated using emission factors provided by the IPCC ([2013](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/pdf/Wetlands_separate_files/WS_Chp2_Drained_Inland_Organic_Soils.pdf), [2019](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)) and [Akagi et al. (2011)](https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-4039-2011). Calculated emissions are amortised over twenty years.\n\n### Illustration of flow vs. allocated emissions\n\n![Amortisation of burning emissions](/assets/burningEmissionAmortisation.png)\n\nThis is a visualisation of the apportioning of emissions (with N<sub>2</sub>O as an example) from organic soil burning over twenty years due to forest being converted to annual cropland. The blue bars show the individual emission events when they take place, while the orange bars show the allocation of these emissions over twenty years. _n.b._: in this example, it is assumed that 100% of the forest loss is burnt and that 100% of the site has organic soils.\n\n### Step 1. Calculating natural vegetation loss\n\nAn annual inventory of land cover is constructed by grouping the Cycle's associated Site's `landCover` Management nodes. `landCover` nodes with cover crop properties (`coverCrop`, `catchCrop`, `shortfallowCrop` and `groundCover`) are excluded.\n\nFor each year in the inventory, a land cover summary is calculated by aggregating `landCover` node values by IPCC biomass category. Each year's summary is compared with that of the year prior to calculate the loss in natural vegetation. Only losses in forest cover are calculated at this time due to data and glossary limitations related to savannah systems. Any gains in forest cover are discounted - this model cannot be used to calculate emission removals due to afforestation or reforestation.\n\n### Step 2. Calculating the amount of organic soil biomass burnt\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the amount of organic soil biomass burnt of each fuel type using Equation 1.\n\n**Equation 1. Estimation of the amount of organic soil biomass combusted during land conversation event, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n\n$$M = A * B_{region} * F_{fuel} * F_{org} $$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $M$ = mass of fuel biomass combusted during land conversion event (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n- $A$ = area lost (ha)\n- $B_{region}$ = burnt fraction, percentage of land area burnt during a land conversation event for region where natural vegetation loss occurs (decimal percentage, 0 - 1)\n- $F_{fuel}$ = fuel factor, mass of fuel biomass per hectare for fuel category (tonnes dry matter ha<sup>-1</sup>)\n- $F_{org}$ = organic soil factor, % area of the Site with organic soils (decimal percentage, 0 - 1)\n\nBurnt fractions $B_{region}$ are retrieved from a lookup of pre-computed regional factors using the ratio of [forest burnt area (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GI) to [forest loss (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GF), calculated from data provided by FAOstat. This method has some limitations, the most important of which is that forests burnt are not necessarily converted to a new land use. However, there are no publicly available datasets that provide country- or region-level data about forest conversion stratified by clearance method.\n\nSee the [fraction burnt lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Geographies/region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance-lookup.csv) for all values.\n\nFuel category ($fuel$) is determined based on a Site's eco-climate zone (see Table 1).\n\n#### Table 1. Fuel categories, adapted from [IPCC (2013) Table 2.6](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/pdf/Wetlands_separate_files/WS_Chp2_Drained_Inland_Organic_Soils.pdf)\n\n| Eco-climate zone         | Fuel category                                |\n| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- |\n| **Warm temperate moist** | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Warm temperate dry**   | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Cool temperate moist** | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Cool temperate dry**   | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Boreal moist**         | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Boreal dry**           | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Tropical montane**     | Drained tropical organic soils-wildfire      |\n| **Tropical wet**         | Drained tropical organic soils-wildfire      |\n| **Tropical moist**       | Drained tropical organic soils-wildfire      |\n| **Tropical dry**         | Drained tropical organic soils-wildfire      |\n\nFuel factors ($F_{fuel}$) are given for each fuel category (see Table 2).\n\n#### Table 2. Fuel factors, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.4](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Fuel category                                | Fuel factor (tonnes dry matter combusted ha<sup>-1</sup>) |\n| -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire | 336                                                       |\n| Drained tropical organic soils wildfire      | 353                                                       |\n\nSee the [fuel factor lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Emissions%20&%20Resource%20Use/ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned-lookup.csv) for all the values.\n\n### Step 3. Calculate emissions\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the total GHG emissions from combusting each fuel type using Equation 2.\n\n**Equation 2. Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from biomass burning, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n\n$$L_{fire} = M * G_{emission, fuel}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $L_{fire}$ = amount of greenhouse gas emissions from fire (kg)\n- $M$ = mass of fuel available for combustion (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n- $G_{emission, fuel}$ = emission factor (g kg<sup>-1</sup> dry matter burnt)\n\nFuel categories are mapped to emission categories according to Table 3.\n\n#### Table 3. Fuel categories mapped to emission categories\n\n| Fuel categories                              | Emission category           |\n| -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |\n| Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire | Extratropical organic soils |\n| Drained tropical organic soils wildfire      | Tropical organic soils      |\n\nEmission factors for greenhouse gases ($G_{emission, fuel}$) are given for each emission category (see Table 4).\n\n#### Table 4. Emission factors for GHGs, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.5](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Emission category           | CH<sub>4</sub> | CO2-C | CO  | N<sub>2</sub>O | NH<sub>3</sub> | NO<sub>x</sub> |\n| --------------------------- | -------------- | ----- | --- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- |\n| Extratropical organic soils | 9              | 362   | 207 | 0.06           | 14.34          | 1              |\n| Tropical organic soils      | 21             | 464   | 210 | 0.06           | 14.34          | 1              |\n\n### Step 4. Allocate emissions to Cycles\n\nOn a climatic level, each burning event releases emissions as it occurs. However, from an LCA perspective, we need to amortise these emissions over multiple years to ensure that crops produced on the Site are allocated a share of these land clearance emissions. The IPCC suggests a default amortisation period of twenty years.\n\nAn amortised emission value is calculated for each year in the inventory. Each year gets a 1/20th share of the emission events that occur during that year and the nineteen years prior. If fewer than nineteen years preceed the inventory year, we include all emission events up to the start of the inventory.\n\nThese annual amortised emissions are then allocated to the Cycles that take place on the Site based on which year they take place over. _n.b._: Cycles split over two calendar years are allocated an appropriate portion of the emissions in each year.\n\n## Discussion\n\nAdditional work is required for this model to account for (a) emissions due to organic soil burning in non-forest lands and (b) emissions due to organic soil burning not linked to land-use changes.\n\n\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/landUseChange/emissionsToAirOrganicSoilBurning/ipcc2019.json

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+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Land Use Change"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"tag":["land burning"],"modelId":["ch4ToAirOrganicSoilBurning","co2ToAirOrganicSoilBurning","coToAirOrganicSoilBurning","n2OToAirOrganicSoilBurningDirect","nh3ToAirOrganicSoilBurning","noxToAirOrganicSoilBurning"],"modelRequires":["ecoClimateZone","organicSoils"]},"content":"# Emissions, to air, organic soil burning\n\nThis model returns the amounts of emissions from organic soil burning according to the [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf) guidelines:\n\n1. [CH<sub>4</sub>, to air, organic soil burning](/term/ch4ToAirOrganicSoilBurning);\n2. [CO<sub>2</sub>, to air, organic soil burning](/term/co2ToAirOrganicSoilBurning);\n3. [CO, to air, organic soil burning](/term/coToAirOrganicSoilBurning);\n4. [N<sub>2</sub>O, to air, organic soil burning](/term/n2OToAirOrganicSoilBurningDirect);\n5. [NH<sub>3</sub>, to air, organic soil burning](/term/nh3ToAirOrganicSoilBurning);\n6. [NO<sub>x</sub>, to air, organic soil burning](/term/noxToAirOrganicSoilBurning).\n\nCurrently, this model only calculates emissions from forests burning, as we have no reliable way of recording savannah grassland and woodland fire regimes using the HESTIA glossary.\n\nOnly emissions from organic soil burning due to land conversion are estimated by this model. Emissions from other types of fire events (wildfire, fire as a management practice, crop residues burning) should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThis model is not suitable for calculating emissions from organic soil burning in polar eco-climate zones.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by constructing an annual inventory of land conversion via the burning of organic soil. Emissions from these fire events are estimated using emission factors provided by the IPCC ([2013](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/pdf/Wetlands_separate_files/WS_Chp2_Drained_Inland_Organic_Soils.pdf), [2019](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)) and [Akagi et al. (2011)](https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-4039-2011). Calculated emissions are amortised over twenty years.\n\n### Illustration of flow vs. allocated emissions\n\n![Amortisation of burning emissions](/assets/burningEmissionAmortisation.png)\n\nThis is a visualisation of the apportioning of emissions (with N<sub>2</sub>O as an example) from organic soil burning over twenty years due to forest being converted to annual cropland. The blue bars show the individual emission events when they take place, while the orange bars show the allocation of these emissions over twenty years. _n.b._: in this example, it is assumed that 100% of the forest loss is burnt and that 100% of the site has organic soils.\n\n### Step 1. Calculating natural vegetation loss\n\nAn annual inventory of land cover is constructed by grouping the Cycle's associated Site's `landCover` Management nodes. `landCover` nodes with cover crop properties (`coverCrop`, `catchCrop`, `shortfallowCrop` and `groundCover`) are excluded.\n\nFor each year in the inventory, a land cover summary is calculated by aggregating `landCover` node values by IPCC biomass category. Each year's summary is compared with that of the year prior to calculate the loss in natural vegetation. Only losses in forest cover are calculated at this time due to data and glossary limitations related to savannah systems. Any gains in forest cover are discounted - this model cannot be used to calculate emission removals due to afforestation or reforestation.\n\n### Step 2. Calculating the amount of organic soil biomass burnt\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the amount of organic soil biomass burnt of each fuel type using Equation 1.\n\n**Equation 1. Estimation of the amount of organic soil biomass combusted during land conversation event, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n\n$$M = A * B_{region} * F_{fuel} * F_{org} $$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $M$ = mass of fuel biomass combusted during land conversion event (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n- $A$ = area lost (ha)\n- $B_{region}$ = burnt fraction, percentage of land area burnt during a land conversation event for region where natural vegetation loss occurs (decimal percentage, 0 - 1)\n- $F_{fuel}$ = fuel factor, mass of fuel biomass per hectare for fuel category (tonnes dry matter ha<sup>-1</sup>)\n- $F_{org}$ = organic soil factor, % area of the Site with organic soils (decimal percentage, 0 - 1)\n\nBurnt fractions $B_{region}$ are retrieved from a lookup of pre-computed regional factors using the ratio of [forest burnt area (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GI) to [forest loss (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GF), calculated from data provided by FAOstat. This method has some limitations, the most important of which is that forests burnt are not necessarily converted to a new land use. However, there are no publicly available datasets that provide country- or region-level data about forest conversion stratified by clearance method.\n\nSee the [fraction burnt lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Geographies/region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance-lookup.csv) for all values.\n\nFuel category ($fuel$) is determined based on a Site's eco-climate zone (see Table 1).\n\n#### Table 1. Fuel categories, adapted from [IPCC (2013) Table 2.6](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/pdf/Wetlands_separate_files/WS_Chp2_Drained_Inland_Organic_Soils.pdf)\n\n| Eco-climate zone         | Fuel category                                |\n| ------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- |\n| **Warm temperate moist** | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Warm temperate dry**   | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Cool temperate moist** | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Cool temperate dry**   | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Boreal moist**         | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Boreal dry**           | Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire |\n| **Tropical montane**     | Drained tropical organic soils-wildfire      |\n| **Tropical wet**         | Drained tropical organic soils-wildfire      |\n| **Tropical moist**       | Drained tropical organic soils-wildfire      |\n| **Tropical dry**         | Drained tropical organic soils-wildfire      |\n\nFuel factors ($F_{fuel}$) are given for each fuel category (see Table 2).\n\n#### Table 2. Fuel factors, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.4](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Fuel category                                | Fuel factor (tonnes dry matter combusted ha<sup>-1</sup>) |\n| -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire | 336                                                       |\n| Drained tropical organic soils wildfire      | 353                                                       |\n\nSee the [fuel factor lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Emissions%20&%20Resource%20Use/ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned-lookup.csv) for all the values.\n\n### Step 3. Calculate emissions\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the total GHG emissions from combusting each fuel type using Equation 2.\n\n**Equation 2. Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from biomass burning, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n\n$$L_{fire} = M * G_{emission, fuel}$$\n\nWhere:\n\n- $L_{fire}$ = amount of greenhouse gas emissions from fire (kg)\n- $M$ = mass of fuel available for combustion (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n- $G_{emission, fuel}$ = emission factor (g kg<sup>-1</sup> dry matter burnt)\n\nFuel categories are mapped to emission categories according to Table 3.\n\n#### Table 3. Fuel categories mapped to emission categories\n\n| Fuel categories                              | Emission category           |\n| -------------------------------------------- | --------------------------- |\n| Drained extratropical organic soils wildfire | Extratropical organic soils |\n| Drained tropical organic soils wildfire      | Tropical organic soils      |\n\nEmission factors for greenhouse gases ($G_{emission, fuel}$) are given for each emission category (see Table 4).\n\n#### Table 4. Emission factors for GHGs, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.5](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Emission category           | CH<sub>4</sub> | CO2-C | CO  | N<sub>2</sub>O | NH<sub>3</sub> | NO<sub>x</sub> |\n| --------------------------- | -------------- | ----- | --- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- |\n| Extratropical organic soils | 9              | 362   | 207 | 0.06           | 14.34          | 1              |\n| Tropical organic soils      | 21             | 464   | 210 | 0.06           | 14.34          | 1              |\n\n### Step 4. Allocate emissions to Cycles\n\nOn a climatic level, each burning event releases emissions as it occurs. However, from an LCA perspective, we need to amortise these emissions over multiple years to ensure that crops produced on the Site are allocated a share of these land clearance emissions. The IPCC suggests a default amortisation period of twenty years.\n\nAn amortised emission value is calculated for each year in the inventory. Each year gets a 1/20th share of the emission events that occur during that year and the nineteen years prior. If fewer than nineteen years preceed the inventory year, we include all emission events up to the start of the inventory.\n\nThese annual amortised emissions are then allocated to the Cycles that take place on the Site based on which year they take place over. _n.b._: Cycles split over two calendar years are allocated an appropriate portion of the emissions in each year.\n\n## Discussion\n\nAdditional work is required for this model to account for (a) emissions due to organic soil burning in non-forest lands and (b) emissions due to organic soil burning not linked to land-use changes.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission\">Emissions</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ch4ToAirOrganicSoilBurning\">ch4ToAirOrganicSoilBurning</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/co2ToAirOrganicSoilBurning\">co2ToAirOrganicSoilBurning</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/coToAirOrganicSoilBurning\">coToAirOrganicSoilBurning</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/n2OToAirOrganicSoilBurningDirect\">n2OToAirOrganicSoilBurningDirect</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nh3ToAirOrganicSoilBurning\">nh3ToAirOrganicSoilBurning</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/noxToAirOrganicSoilBurning\">noxToAirOrganicSoilBurning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ipcc2019\">ipcc2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#sd\">sd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#min\">min</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#max\">max</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#statsDefinition\">statsDefinition</a> with <code>simulated</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#observations\">observations</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#dates\">dates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodClassification\">methodClassification</a> with <code>tier 1 model</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#depth\">depth</a> with <code>30</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>forest</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>other natural vegetation</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>glass or high accessible cover</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>permanent pasture</code> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#management\">managements</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Management#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Management#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=landCover\">landCover</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Management#endDate\">endDate</a> and optional:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Management#startDate\">startDate</a> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#measurements\">measurements</a> with:</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ecoClimateZone\">ecoClimateZone</a> and none of:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> = <code>5, 6</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/organicSoils\">organicSoils</a> and none of:</li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> = <code>glass or high accessible cover</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/emission.csv\">emission.csv</a> -&gt; <code>siteTypesAllowed</code>; <code>typesAllowed</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned.csv\">ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned.csv</a> -&gt; <code>value</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/landCover.csv\">landCover.csv</a> -&gt; <code>BIOMASS_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance.csv\">region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance.csv</a> -&gt; <code>percentage_area_burned_during_forest_clearance</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/landUseChange/nonCo2EmissionsToAirNaturalVegetationBurning/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Land Use Change"],"tab":["Overview"]},"content":"# Non-CO2 emissions, to air, natural vegetation burning\n\nThis model returns the amounts of non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from natural vegetation burning according to the [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf) guidelines:\n1. [CH<sub>4</sub>, to air, natural vegetation burning](https://www.hestia.earth/term/ch4ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning);\n2. [CO, to air, natural vegetation burning](https://www.hestia.earth/term/coToAirNaturalVegetationBurning);\n3. [N<sub>2</sub>O, to air, natural vegetation burning](https://www.hestia.earth/term/n2OToAirNaturalVegetationBurningDirect);\n4. [NO<sub>x</sub>, to air, natural vegetation burning](https://www.hestia.earth/term/noxToAirNaturalVegetationBurning).\n\nCO<sub>2</sub> emissions from natural vegetation burning are accounted for in the IPCC (2019) emissions from above ground and below ground biomass stock change models. These models assume that all the carbon stored in lost woody biomass is emitted as CO<sub>2</sub>, regardless of the method of land clearance used.\n\nThe first version of this model only calculates emissions from forests burning, as we have no reliable way of recording savannah grassland and woodland fire regimes using the HESTIA glossary.\n\nOnly emissions from natural vegetation burning due to land conversion are estimated by this model. Emissions from other types of fire events (wildfire, fire as a management practice, crop residues burning) should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThis model is not suitable for calculating emissions from natural vegetation burning in polar eco-climate zones.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by constructing an annual inventory of land conversion via the burning of natural vegetation. Emissions from these fire events are estimated using emission factors provided by the [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf) and amortised over twenty years.\n\n### Illustration of flow vs. allocated emissions\n\n![Amortisation of burning emissions](/assets/burningEmissionAmortisation.png)\n\nThis is a visualisation of the apportioning of non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions (with N<sub>2</sub>O as an example) from natural vegetation burning over twenty years due to forest being converted to annual cropland. The blue bars show the individual emission events when they take place, while the orange bars show the allocation of these emissions over twenty years. _n.b._: in this example, it is assumed that 100% of the forest loss is burnt.\n\n### Step 1. Calculating natural vegetation loss\n\nAn annual inventory of land cover is constructed by grouping the Cycle's associated Site's `landCover` Management nodes. `landCover` nodes with cover crop properties (`coverCrop`, `catchCrop`, `shortfallowCrop` and `coverCrop`) are excluded.\n\nFor each year in the inventory, a land cover summary is calculated by aggregating `landCover` node values by IPCC biomass category. Each year's summary is compared with that of the year prior to calculate the loss in natural vegetation. Only losses in forest cover are calculated at this time due to data and glossary limitations related to savannah systems. Any gains in forest cover are discounted - this model cannot be used to calculate emission removals due to afforestation or reforestation.\n\n### Step 2. Calculating the amount of biomass burnt\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the amount of biomass burnt of each fuel type using Equation 1.\n\n> **Equation 1. Estimation of the amount of biomass combusted during land conversation event, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n>\n> $$M = A * B_{region} * F_{fuel}$$\n>\n> Where:\n>\n> $M$ = mass of fuel biomass combusted during land conversion event (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n>\n> $A$ = area lost (ha)\n>\n> $B_{region}$ = burnt fraction, percentage of land area burnt during a land conversation event for region where natural vegetation loss occurs (decimal percentage, 0 - 1)\n>\n> $F_{fuel}$ = fuel factor, mass of fuel biomass per hectare for fuel category (tonnes dry matter ha<sup>-1</sup>)\n\nBurnt fractions $B_{region}$ are retrieved from a lookup of pre-computed regional factors using the ratio of [forest burnt area (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GI) to [forest loss (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GF), calculated from data provided by FAOstat. This method has some limitations, the most important of which is that forests burnt are not necessarily converted to a new land use. However, there are no publicly available datasets that provide country- or region-level data about forest conversion stratified by clearance method.\n\nSee the [fraction burnt lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Geographies/region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance-lookup.csv) for all values.\n\nFuel category ($fuel$) is determined based on a combination of a `landCover`'s IPCC (2019) biomass category and eco-climate zone (see Table 1).\n\n#### Table 1. Fuel categories, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.4](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n|Eco-climate zone|Forest|Natural forest|Plantation forest|\n|-|-|-|-|\n|**Warm temperate moist**|Temperate forest|Temperate forest|Temperate forest|\n|**Warm temperate dry**|Temperate forest|Temperate forest|Temperate forest|\n|**Cool temperate moist**|Temperate forest|Temperate forest|Temperate forest|\n|**Cool temperate dry**|Temperate forest|Temperate forest|Temperate forest|\n|**Boreal moist**|Boreal forest|Boreal forest|Boreal forest|\n|**Boreal dry**|Boreal forest|Boreal forest|Boreal forest|\n|**Tropical montane**|Unknown tropical forest|Natural tropical forest|Tertiary tropical forest|\n|**Tropical wet**|Unknown tropical forest|Natural tropical forest|Tertiary tropical forest|\n|**Tropical moist**|Unknown tropical forest|Natural tropical forest|Tertiary tropical forest|\n|**Tropical dry**|Unknown tropical forest|Natural tropical forest|Tertiary tropical forest|\n\nFuel factors ($F_{fuel}$) are given for each fuel category (see Table 2).\n\n#### Table 2. Fuel factors, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.4](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n|Fuel category|Fuel factor (tonnes dry matter combusted ha<sup>-1</sup>)|\n|-|-|\n|Boreal forest|41.00|\n|Natural tropical forest|80.90|\n|Temperate forest|50.40|\n|Tertiary tropical forest|54.10|\n|Unknown tropical forest|71.97|\n\nSee the [fuel factor lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Emissions%20&%20Resource%20Use/ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned-lookup.csv) for all the values.\n\nThe fuel factors for Natural tropical forest and Unknown tropical forest are recalculated from factors provided by the [IPCC (2019) report (in volume 4, table 2.4)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html):\n\n* Natural tropical forest = mean of Primary and Secondary tropical forest factors\n* Unknown tropical forest = mean of Primary Secondary and Tertiary tropical forest factors\n\n### Step 3. Calculate non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the total GHG emissions from combusting each fuel type using Equation 2.\n\n> **Equation 2. Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from biomass burning, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n>\n> $$L_{fire} = M * G_{emission, fuel}$$\n>\n> Where:\n>\n> $L_{fire}$ = amount of greenhouse gas emissions from fire (kg)\n>\n> $M$ = mass of fuel available for combustion (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n>\n> $G_{emission, fuel}$ = emission factor (g kg<sup>-1</sup> dry matter burnt)\n\nFuel categories are mapped to emission categories according to Table 3.\n\n#### Table 3. Fuel categories mapped to emission categories\n\n|Fuel categories|Emission category|\n|-|-|\n|Boreal forest & Temperate forest|Other forest|\n|Natural tropical forest, Tertiary tropical forest & Unknown tropical forest|Tropical forest|\n\nEmission factors for non-CO<sub>2</sub> greenhouse gases ($G_{emission, fuel}$) are given for each emission category (see Table 4).\n\n#### Table 4. Emission factors for non-CO<sub>2</sub> GHGs, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.5](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n|Emission category|CO|CH<sub>4</sub>|N<sub>2</sub>O|NO<sub>x</sub>|\n|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Other forest|107 ± 37|4.7 ± 1.9|0.26 ± 0.07|3.0 ± 1.4|\n|Tropical forest|104 ± 20|6.8 ± 2.0|0.20|1.6 ± 0.7|\n\nAll values given as `mean` ± `sd`.\n\nSee the [emission factor lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Emissions%20&%20Resource%20Use/emissionToAirNaturalVegetationBurning_emissionCategory_gEmittedPerKgDryMatterCombusted-lookup.csv) for all the values.\n\n### Step 4. Allocate emissions to Cycles\n\nOn a climatic level, each burning event releases emissions as it occurs. However, from an LCA perspective, we need to amortise these emissions over multiple years to ensure that crops produced on the Site are allocated a share of these land clearance emissions. The IPCC suggests a default amortisation period of twenty years.\n\nAn amortised emission value is calculated for each year in the inventory. Each year gets a 1/20th share of the emission events that occur during that year and the nineteen years prior. If fewer than nineteen years preceed the inventory year, we include all emission events up to the start of the inventory.\n\nThese annual amortised emissions are then allocated to the Cycles that take place on the Site based on which year they take place over. _n.b._: Cycles split over two calendar years are allocated an appropriate portion of the emissions in each year.\n\n## Discussion\n\nWe plan to calculate the standard deviation for the values of the fuel category factors, whose uncertainty is given as the standard error at the moment, so the uncertainty linked to the values of the fuel category factors can be reflected in the model's outputs. This would involve retrieving the number of observations from the underlying studies used by the IPCC to calculate these factors.\n\nAdditional work also needs to be done on this model to account for a) non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions due to natural vegetation burning other than forests (mostly from savannah) and b) non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions due to natural vegetation burning not linked to land-use changes.\n\n\n\n\n"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Land Use Change"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"tag":["land burning"]},"content":"# Non-CO2 emissions, to air, natural vegetation burning\n\nThis model returns the amounts of non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from natural vegetation burning according to the [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf) guidelines:\n\n1. [CH<sub>4</sub>, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/ch4ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning);\n2. [CO, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/coToAirNaturalVegetationBurning);\n3. [N<sub>2</sub>O, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/n2OToAirNaturalVegetationBurningDirect);\n4. [NH<sub>3</sub>, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/nh3ToAirNaturalVegetationBurningDirect);\n5. [NO<sub>x</sub>, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/noxToAirNaturalVegetationBurning).\n\nCO<sub>2</sub> emissions from natural vegetation burning are accounted for in the IPCC (2019) emissions from above ground and below ground biomass stock change models. These models assume that all the carbon stored in lost woody biomass is emitted as CO<sub>2</sub>, regardless of the method of land clearance used.\n\nCurrently, this model only calculates emissions from forests burning, as we have no reliable way of recording savannah grassland and woodland fire regimes using the HESTIA glossary.\n\nOnly emissions from natural vegetation burning due to land conversion are estimated by this model. Emissions from other types of fire events (wildfire, fire as a management practice, crop residues burning) should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThis model is not suitable for calculating emissions from natural vegetation burning in polar eco-climate zones.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by constructing an annual inventory of land conversion via the burning of natural vegetation. Emissions from these fire events are estimated using emission factors provided by the [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf) and amortised over twenty years.\n\n### Illustration of flow vs. allocated emissions\n\n![Amortisation of burning emissions](/assets/burningEmissionAmortisation.png)\n\nThis is a visualisation of the apportioning of non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions (with N<sub>2</sub>O as an example) from natural vegetation burning over twenty years due to forest being converted to annual cropland. The blue bars show the individual emission events when they take place, while the orange bars show the allocation of these emissions over twenty years. _n.b._: in this example, it is assumed that 100% of the forest loss is burnt.\n\n### Step 1. Calculating natural vegetation loss\n\nAn annual inventory of land cover is constructed by grouping the Cycle's associated Site's `landCover` Management nodes. `landCover` nodes with cover crop properties (`coverCrop`, `catchCrop`, `shortfallowCrop` and `groundCover`) are excluded.\n\nFor each year in the inventory, a land cover summary is calculated by aggregating `landCover` node values by IPCC biomass category. Each year's summary is compared with that of the year prior to calculate the loss in natural vegetation. Only losses in forest cover are calculated at this time due to data and glossary limitations related to savannah systems. Any gains in forest cover are discounted - this model cannot be used to calculate emission removals due to afforestation or reforestation.\n\n### Step 2. Calculating the amount of biomass burnt\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the amount of biomass burnt of each fuel type using Equation 1.\n\n> **Equation 1. Estimation of the amount of biomass combusted during land conversation event, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n>\n> $$M = A * B_{region} * F_{fuel}$$\n>\n> Where:\n>\n> $M$ = mass of fuel biomass combusted during land conversion event (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n>\n> $A$ = area lost (ha)\n>\n> $B_{region}$ = burnt fraction, percentage of land area burnt during a land conversation event for region where natural vegetation loss occurs (decimal percentage, 0 - 1)\n>\n> $F_{fuel}$ = fuel factor, mass of fuel biomass per hectare for fuel category (tonnes dry matter ha<sup>-1</sup>)\n\nBurnt fractions $B_{region}$ are retrieved from a lookup of pre-computed regional factors using the ratio of [forest burnt area (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GI) to [forest loss (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GF), calculated from data provided by FAOstat. This method has some limitations, the most important of which is that forests burnt are not necessarily converted to a new land use. However, there are no publicly available datasets that provide country- or region-level data about forest conversion stratified by clearance method.\n\nSee the [fraction burnt lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Geographies/region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance-lookup.csv) for all values.\n\nFuel category ($fuel$) is determined based on a combination of a `landCover`'s IPCC (2019) biomass category and eco-climate zone (see Table 1).\n\n#### Table 1. Fuel categories, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.4](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Eco-climate zone         | Forest                  | Natural forest          | Plantation forest        |\n| ------------------------ | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------ |\n| **Warm temperate moist** | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest         |\n| **Warm temperate dry**   | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest         |\n| **Cool temperate moist** | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest         |\n| **Cool temperate dry**   | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest         |\n| **Boreal moist**         | Boreal forest           | Boreal forest           | Boreal forest            |\n| **Boreal dry**           | Boreal forest           | Boreal forest           | Boreal forest            |\n| **Tropical montane**     | Unknown tropical forest | Natural tropical forest | Tertiary tropical forest |\n| **Tropical wet**         | Unknown tropical forest | Natural tropical forest | Tertiary tropical forest |\n| **Tropical moist**       | Unknown tropical forest | Natural tropical forest | Tertiary tropical forest |\n| **Tropical dry**         | Unknown tropical forest | Natural tropical forest | Tertiary tropical forest |\n\nFuel factors ($F_{fuel}$) are given for each fuel category (see Table 2).\n\n#### Table 2. Fuel factors, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.4](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Fuel category            | Fuel factor (tonnes dry matter combusted ha<sup>-1</sup>) |\n| ------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Boreal forest            | 41.00                                                     |\n| Natural tropical forest  | 80.90                                                     |\n| Temperate forest         | 50.40                                                     |\n| Tertiary tropical forest | 54.10                                                     |\n| Unknown tropical forest  | 71.97                                                     |\n\nSee the [fuel factor lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Emissions%20&%20Resource%20Use/ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned-lookup.csv) for all the values.\n\nThe fuel factors for Natural tropical forest and Unknown tropical forest are recalculated from factors provided by the [IPCC (2019) report (in volume 4, table 2.4)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html):\n\n- Natural tropical forest = mean of Primary and Secondary tropical forest factors\n- Unknown tropical forest = mean of Primary Secondary and Tertiary tropical forest factors\n\n### Step 3. Calculate non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the total GHG emissions from combusting each fuel type using Equation 2.\n\n> **Equation 2. Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from biomass burning, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n>\n> $$L_{fire} = M * G_{emission, fuel}$$\n>\n> Where:\n>\n> $L_{fire}$ = amount of greenhouse gas emissions from fire (kg)\n>\n> $M$ = mass of fuel available for combustion (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n>\n> $G_{emission, fuel}$ = emission factor (g kg<sup>-1</sup> dry matter burnt)\n\nFuel categories are mapped to emission categories according to Table 3.\n\n#### Table 3. Fuel categories mapped to emission categories\n\n| Fuel categories                                                             | Emission category |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- |\n| Boreal forest & Temperate forest                                            | Other forest      |\n| Natural tropical forest, Tertiary tropical forest & Unknown tropical forest | Tropical forest   |\n\nEmission factors for non-CO<sub>2</sub> greenhouse gases ($G_{emission, fuel}$) are given for each emission category (see Table 4).\n\n#### Table 4. Emission factors for non-CO<sub>2</sub> GHGs, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.5](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Emission category | CH<sub>4</sub> | CO       | N<sub>2</sub>O | NH<sub>3</sub> | NO<sub>x</sub> |\n| ----------------- | -------------- | -------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- |\n| Other forest      | 4.7 ± 1.9      | 107 ± 37 | 0.26 ± 0.07    | 1.33 ± 0.605   | 3.0 ± 1.4      |\n| Tropical forest   | 6.8 ± 2.0      | 104 ± 20 | 0.20           | 1.33 ± 0.605   | 1.6 ± 0.7      |\n\nAll values given as `mean` ± `sd`.\n\n### Step 4. Allocate emissions to Cycles\n\nOn a climatic level, each burning event releases emissions as it occurs. However, from an LCA perspective, we need to amortise these emissions over multiple years to ensure that crops produced on the Site are allocated a share of these land clearance emissions. The IPCC suggests a default amortisation period of twenty years.\n\nAn amortised emission value is calculated for each year in the inventory. Each year gets a 1/20th share of the emission events that occur during that year and the nineteen years prior. If fewer than nineteen years preceed the inventory year, we include all emission events up to the start of the inventory.\n\nThese annual amortised emissions are then allocated to the Cycles that take place on the Site based on which year they take place over. _n.b._: Cycles split over two calendar years are allocated an appropriate portion of the emissions in each year.\n\n## Discussion\n\nWe plan to calculate the standard deviation for the values of the fuel category factors, whose uncertainty is given as the standard error at the moment, so the uncertainty linked to the values of the fuel category factors can be reflected in the model's outputs. This would involve retrieving the number of observations from the underlying studies used by the IPCC to calculate these factors.\n\nAdditional work is required for this model to account for (a) non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions due to natural vegetation burning other than forests (mostly from savannah) and (b) non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions due to natural vegetation burning not linked to land-use changes.\n\n\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/landUseChange/nonCo2EmissionsToAirNaturalVegetationBurning/ipcc2019.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Land Use Change"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"tag":["land burning"],"modelId":["ch4ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning","coToAirNaturalVegetationBurning","n2OToAirNaturalVegetationBurningDirect","nh3ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning","noxToAirNaturalVegetationBurning"],"modelRequires":["ecoClimateZone"]},"content":"# Non-CO2 emissions, to air, natural vegetation burning\n\nThis model returns the amounts of non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from natural vegetation burning according to the [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf) guidelines:\n\n1. [CH<sub>4</sub>, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/ch4ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning);\n2. [CO, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/coToAirNaturalVegetationBurning);\n3. [N<sub>2</sub>O, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/n2OToAirNaturalVegetationBurningDirect);\n4. [NH<sub>3</sub>, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/nh3ToAirNaturalVegetationBurningDirect);\n5. [NO<sub>x</sub>, to air, natural vegetation burning](/term/noxToAirNaturalVegetationBurning).\n\nCO<sub>2</sub> emissions from natural vegetation burning are accounted for in the IPCC (2019) emissions from above ground and below ground biomass stock change models. These models assume that all the carbon stored in lost woody biomass is emitted as CO<sub>2</sub>, regardless of the method of land clearance used.\n\nCurrently, this model only calculates emissions from forests burning, as we have no reliable way of recording savannah grassland and woodland fire regimes using the HESTIA glossary.\n\nOnly emissions from natural vegetation burning due to land conversion are estimated by this model. Emissions from other types of fire events (wildfire, fire as a management practice, crop residues burning) should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThis model is not suitable for calculating emissions from natural vegetation burning in polar eco-climate zones.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by constructing an annual inventory of land conversion via the burning of natural vegetation. Emissions from these fire events are estimated using emission factors provided by the [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf) and amortised over twenty years.\n\n### Illustration of flow vs. allocated emissions\n\n![Amortisation of burning emissions](/assets/burningEmissionAmortisation.png)\n\nThis is a visualisation of the apportioning of non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions (with N<sub>2</sub>O as an example) from natural vegetation burning over twenty years due to forest being converted to annual cropland. The blue bars show the individual emission events when they take place, while the orange bars show the allocation of these emissions over twenty years. _n.b._: in this example, it is assumed that 100% of the forest loss is burnt.\n\n### Step 1. Calculating natural vegetation loss\n\nAn annual inventory of land cover is constructed by grouping the Cycle's associated Site's `landCover` Management nodes. `landCover` nodes with cover crop properties (`coverCrop`, `catchCrop`, `shortfallowCrop` and `groundCover`) are excluded.\n\nFor each year in the inventory, a land cover summary is calculated by aggregating `landCover` node values by IPCC biomass category. Each year's summary is compared with that of the year prior to calculate the loss in natural vegetation. Only losses in forest cover are calculated at this time due to data and glossary limitations related to savannah systems. Any gains in forest cover are discounted - this model cannot be used to calculate emission removals due to afforestation or reforestation.\n\n### Step 2. Calculating the amount of biomass burnt\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the amount of biomass burnt of each fuel type using Equation 1.\n\n> **Equation 1. Estimation of the amount of biomass combusted during land conversation event, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n>\n> $$M = A * B_{region} * F_{fuel}$$\n>\n> Where:\n>\n> $M$ = mass of fuel biomass combusted during land conversion event (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n>\n> $A$ = area lost (ha)\n>\n> $B_{region}$ = burnt fraction, percentage of land area burnt during a land conversation event for region where natural vegetation loss occurs (decimal percentage, 0 - 1)\n>\n> $F_{fuel}$ = fuel factor, mass of fuel biomass per hectare for fuel category (tonnes dry matter ha<sup>-1</sup>)\n\nBurnt fractions $B_{region}$ are retrieved from a lookup of pre-computed regional factors using the ratio of [forest burnt area (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GI) to [forest loss (ha)](https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GF), calculated from data provided by FAOstat. This method has some limitations, the most important of which is that forests burnt are not necessarily converted to a new land use. However, there are no publicly available datasets that provide country- or region-level data about forest conversion stratified by clearance method.\n\nSee the [fraction burnt lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Geographies/region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance-lookup.csv) for all values.\n\nFuel category ($fuel$) is determined based on a combination of a `landCover`'s IPCC (2019) biomass category and eco-climate zone (see Table 1).\n\n#### Table 1. Fuel categories, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.4](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Eco-climate zone         | Forest                  | Natural forest          | Plantation forest        |\n| ------------------------ | ----------------------- | ----------------------- | ------------------------ |\n| **Warm temperate moist** | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest         |\n| **Warm temperate dry**   | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest         |\n| **Cool temperate moist** | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest         |\n| **Cool temperate dry**   | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest        | Temperate forest         |\n| **Boreal moist**         | Boreal forest           | Boreal forest           | Boreal forest            |\n| **Boreal dry**           | Boreal forest           | Boreal forest           | Boreal forest            |\n| **Tropical montane**     | Unknown tropical forest | Natural tropical forest | Tertiary tropical forest |\n| **Tropical wet**         | Unknown tropical forest | Natural tropical forest | Tertiary tropical forest |\n| **Tropical moist**       | Unknown tropical forest | Natural tropical forest | Tertiary tropical forest |\n| **Tropical dry**         | Unknown tropical forest | Natural tropical forest | Tertiary tropical forest |\n\nFuel factors ($F_{fuel}$) are given for each fuel category (see Table 2).\n\n#### Table 2. Fuel factors, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.4](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Fuel category            | Fuel factor (tonnes dry matter combusted ha<sup>-1</sup>) |\n| ------------------------ | --------------------------------------------------------- |\n| Boreal forest            | 41.00                                                     |\n| Natural tropical forest  | 80.90                                                     |\n| Temperate forest         | 50.40                                                     |\n| Tertiary tropical forest | 54.10                                                     |\n| Unknown tropical forest  | 71.97                                                     |\n\nSee the [fuel factor lookup](https://gitlab.com/hestia-earth/hestia-glossary/-/blob/develop/Emissions%20&%20Resource%20Use/ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned-lookup.csv) for all the values.\n\nThe fuel factors for Natural tropical forest and Unknown tropical forest are recalculated from factors provided by the [IPCC (2019) report (in volume 4, table 2.4)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html):\n\n- Natural tropical forest = mean of Primary and Secondary tropical forest factors\n- Unknown tropical forest = mean of Primary Secondary and Tertiary tropical forest factors\n\n### Step 3. Calculate non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions\n\nFor each year in the inventory, we estimate the total GHG emissions from combusting each fuel type using Equation 2.\n\n> **Equation 2. Estimation of greenhouse gas emissions from biomass burning, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, equation 2.27](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)**\n>\n> $$L_{fire} = M * G_{emission, fuel}$$\n>\n> Where:\n>\n> $L_{fire}$ = amount of greenhouse gas emissions from fire (kg)\n>\n> $M$ = mass of fuel available for combustion (tonnes dry matter, >= 0)\n>\n> $G_{emission, fuel}$ = emission factor (g kg<sup>-1</sup> dry matter burnt)\n\nFuel categories are mapped to emission categories according to Table 3.\n\n#### Table 3. Fuel categories mapped to emission categories\n\n| Fuel categories                                                             | Emission category |\n| --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------- |\n| Boreal forest & Temperate forest                                            | Other forest      |\n| Natural tropical forest, Tertiary tropical forest & Unknown tropical forest | Tropical forest   |\n\nEmission factors for non-CO<sub>2</sub> greenhouse gases ($G_{emission, fuel}$) are given for each emission category (see Table 4).\n\n#### Table 4. Emission factors for non-CO<sub>2</sub> GHGs, adapted from [IPCC (2019), volume 4, chapter 2, table 2.5](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/4_Volume4/19R_V4_Ch02_Generic%20Methods.pdf)\n\n| Emission category | CH<sub>4</sub> | CO       | N<sub>2</sub>O | NH<sub>3</sub> | NO<sub>x</sub> |\n| ----------------- | -------------- | -------- | -------------- | -------------- | -------------- |\n| Other forest      | 4.7 ± 1.9      | 107 ± 37 | 0.26 ± 0.07    | 1.33 ± 0.605   | 3.0 ± 1.4      |\n| Tropical forest   | 6.8 ± 2.0      | 104 ± 20 | 0.20           | 1.33 ± 0.605   | 1.6 ± 0.7      |\n\nAll values given as `mean` ± `sd`.\n\n### Step 4. Allocate emissions to Cycles\n\nOn a climatic level, each burning event releases emissions as it occurs. However, from an LCA perspective, we need to amortise these emissions over multiple years to ensure that crops produced on the Site are allocated a share of these land clearance emissions. The IPCC suggests a default amortisation period of twenty years.\n\nAn amortised emission value is calculated for each year in the inventory. Each year gets a 1/20th share of the emission events that occur during that year and the nineteen years prior. If fewer than nineteen years preceed the inventory year, we include all emission events up to the start of the inventory.\n\nThese annual amortised emissions are then allocated to the Cycles that take place on the Site based on which year they take place over. _n.b._: Cycles split over two calendar years are allocated an appropriate portion of the emissions in each year.\n\n## Discussion\n\nWe plan to calculate the standard deviation for the values of the fuel category factors, whose uncertainty is given as the standard error at the moment, so the uncertainty linked to the values of the fuel category factors can be reflected in the model's outputs. This would involve retrieving the number of observations from the underlying studies used by the IPCC to calculate these factors.\n\nAdditional work is required for this model to account for (a) non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions due to natural vegetation burning other than forests (mostly from savannah) and (b) non-CO<sub>2</sub> emissions due to natural vegetation burning not linked to land-use changes.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission\">Emissions</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ch4ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning\">ch4ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/coToAirNaturalVegetationBurning\">coToAirNaturalVegetationBurning</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/n2OToAirNaturalVegetationBurningDirect\">n2OToAirNaturalVegetationBurningDirect</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nh3ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning\">nh3ToAirNaturalVegetationBurning</a> <strong>or</strong> <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/noxToAirNaturalVegetationBurning\">noxToAirNaturalVegetationBurning</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ipcc2019\">ipcc2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#sd\">sd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#min\">min</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#max\">max</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#statsDefinition\">statsDefinition</a> with <code>simulated</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#observations\">observations</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#dates\">dates</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodClassification\">methodClassification</a> with <code>tier 1 model</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>forest</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>other natural vegetation</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>glass or high accessible cover</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>permanent pasture</code> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#management\">managements</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Management#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Management#term\">term</a> of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Term#termType\">termType</a> = <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary?termType=landCover\">landCover</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Management#endDate\">endDate</a> and optional:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Management#startDate\">startDate</a> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#measurements\">measurements</a> with:</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ecoClimateZone\">ecoClimateZone</a> and none of:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> = <code>5, 6</code> and none of:</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> = <code>glass or high accessible cover</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/emission.csv\">emission.csv</a> -&gt; <code>siteTypesAllowed</code>; <code>typesAllowed</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned.csv\">ipcc2019FuelCategory_tonnesDryMatterCombustedPerHaBurned.csv</a> -&gt; <code>value</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/landCover.csv\">landCover.csv</a> -&gt; <code>BIOMASS_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance.csv\">region-percentageAreaBurnedDuringForestClearance.csv</a> -&gt; <code>percentage_area_burned_during_forest_clearance</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/organicSoil/ch4ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"]},"content":"## CH4, to air, organic soil cultivation\n\nMethane emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](https://www.hestia.earth/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is run as a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations. Model result values are the row-wise `mean` of simulation results. See our guide on [Monte Carlo simulation](/guide/applying-models-monte-carlo) for more information.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product. \n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n|siteType|Organic soil cultivation category|\n|---|---|\n|cropland|Annual cropland|\n|cropland|Perennial cropland|\n|cropland|Acacia|\n|cropland|Oil palm|\n|cropland|Sago palm|\n|cropland|Rice|\n|permanent pasture|Grassland|\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors (kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n|ecoClimateZone|Annual cropland|Perennial cropland|Oil palm|Sago palm|Rice|Grassland|Ditch|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|Warm temperate moist|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Warm temperate dry|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Cool temperate moist|0 ± 8.52|0 ± 8.52|-|-|143.5 ± 76.47|16 ± 43.75|1165 ± 790|\n|Cool temperate dry|0 ± 8.52|0 ± 8.52|-|-|143.5 ± 76.47|16 ± 43.75|1165 ± 790|\n|Polar moist|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Polar dry|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Boreal moist|0 ± 8.52|0 ± 8.52|-|-|-|1.4 ± 4.80|1165 ± 790|\n|Boreal dry|0 ± 8.52|0 ± 8.52|-|-|-|1.4 ± 4.80|1165 ± 790|\n|Tropical montane|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Tropical wet|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Tropical moist|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Tropical dry|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n\n(Values in brackets are lower and upper bounds of triangular distributions.)\n\nThe CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n|Climate domain|Nutrient status|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Nutrient-poor|\n|Temperate|Nutrient-rich|\n|Subtropical|Nutrient-rich|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n|Climate domain|Drainage depth|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Deep|\n|Temperate|Deep|\n|Subtropical|n/a|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n### Step 4: Retrieve the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor from drainage ditches and the ditch fraction\n\nCH<sub>4</sub> emissions require additional factors for emissions from drainage ditches. Using the Cycle's eco-climate zone, the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor from drainage ditches is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\nThe model also needs to know how much of the modelled land is occupied by ditches. Using the Cycle's eco-climate zone, the default ratios of area of drained land and surface area of drainage ditches provided for each land-use category is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup. These default values should be overriden for Sites in the Netherlands.\n\n**Ditch fractions**\n\n|ecoClimateZone|Cropland & Grassland|Netherlands|\n|---|---|---|\n|Warm temperate moist|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Warm temperate dry|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Cool temperate moist|0.05|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Cool temperate dry|0.05|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Polar moist|-|-|\n|Polar dry|-|-|\n|Boreal moist|0.05|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Boreal dry|0.05|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Tropical montane|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Tropical wet|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Tropical moist|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Tropical dry|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n\n(Values in brackets are lower and upper bounds of uniform distributions.)\n\n### Step 5. Calculate the CH<sub>4</sub> emission\n\nThe CH<sub>4</sub> emission is calculated based on the formula below:\n\n$$CH_{4cycle} = A_{cycle} * Frac_{org} * (EF_{CH_4ditch} * Frac_{ditch} + EF_{CH_4land} * (1 - Frac_{ditch}))$$\n\nWhere:\n\n* $CH_{4~cycle}$ = The total emissions from the Cycle, kg CH<sub>4</sub>\n* $A_{cycle}$ = The area occupied by the Cycle, ha\n* $Frac_{org}$ = The fraction of land with drained organic soils, decimal between 0 and 1\n* $EF_{CH_4~ditch}$ = The emission factor for direct CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from drainage ditches, kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>\n* $EF_{CH_4~land}$ = The emission factor for direct CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from drained organic soils for the Cycle's land use, kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>\n* $Frac_{ditch}$ = The fraction of the Site that is occupied by ditches, decimal between 0 and 1\n\n### Step 6. Assign an emission tier\n\nCH<sub>4</sub> emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n## Discussion\n\nWe plan to extend the model so it runs with the `usdaSoilType` term `histosols` and all its subclasses as well as with all the subclasses of the `soilType` term `histosol`, in addition to simply with the `soilType` term `histosol`. This will increase the instances for which the model will be able to run based on users' input data.\n\nWe will also release a new model calculating CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from organic soil burning during deforestation or other land-use changes, which will make our coverage of organic soil-related emissions more exhaustive.\n\n\n\n\n"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"]},"content":"## CH4, to air, organic soil cultivation\n\nMethane emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is run as a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations. Model result values are the row-wise `mean` of simulation results. See our guide on [Monte Carlo simulation](/guide/applying-models-monte-carlo) for more information.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product.\n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n| siteType          | Organic soil cultivation category |\n| ----------------- | --------------------------------- |\n| cropland          | Annual cropland                   |\n| cropland          | Perennial cropland                |\n| cropland          | Acacia                            |\n| cropland          | Oil palm                          |\n| cropland          | Sago palm                         |\n| cropland          | Rice                              |\n| permanent pasture | Grassland                         |\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors (kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n| ecoClimateZone       | Annual cropland | Perennial cropland | Oil palm | Sago palm    | Rice          | Grassland  | Ditch             |\n| -------------------- | --------------- | ------------------ | -------- | ------------ | ------------- | ---------- | ----------------- |\n| Warm temperate moist | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Warm temperate dry   | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Cool temperate moist | 0 ± 8.52        | 0 ± 8.52           | -        | -            | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 16 ± 43.75 | 1165 ± 790        |\n| Cool temperate dry   | 0 ± 8.52        | 0 ± 8.52           | -        | -            | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 16 ± 43.75 | 1165 ± 790        |\n| Polar moist          | -               | -                  | -        | -            | -             | -          | -                 |\n| Polar dry            | -               | -                  | -        | -            | -             | -          | -                 |\n| Boreal moist         | 0 ± 8.52        | 0 ± 8.52           | -        | -            | -             | 1.4 ± 4.80 | 1165 ± 790        |\n| Boreal dry           | 0 ± 8.52        | 0 ± 8.52           | -        | -            | -             | 1.4 ± 4.80 | 1165 ± 790        |\n| Tropical montane     | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Tropical wet         | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Tropical moist       | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Tropical dry         | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n\n(Values in brackets are lower and upper bounds of triangular distributions.)\n\nThe CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n| Climate domain | Nutrient status |\n| -------------- | --------------- |\n| Boreal         | Nutrient-poor   |\n| Temperate      | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Subtropical    | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Tropical       | n/a             |\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n| Climate domain | Drainage depth |\n| -------------- | -------------- |\n| Boreal         | Deep           |\n| Temperate      | Deep           |\n| Subtropical    | n/a            |\n| Tropical       | n/a            |\n\n### Step 4: Retrieve the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor from drainage ditches and the ditch fraction\n\nCH<sub>4</sub> emissions require additional factors for emissions from drainage ditches. Using the Cycle's eco-climate zone, the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor from drainage ditches is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\nThe model also needs to know how much of the modelled land is occupied by ditches. Using the Cycle's eco-climate zone, the default ratios of area of drained land and surface area of drainage ditches provided for each land-use category is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup. These default values should be overriden for Sites in the Netherlands.\n\n**Ditch fractions**\n\n| ecoClimateZone       | Cropland & Grassland | Netherlands  |\n| -------------------- | -------------------- | ------------ |\n| Warm temperate moist | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Warm temperate dry   | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Cool temperate moist | 0.05                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Cool temperate dry   | 0.05                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Polar moist          | -                    | -            |\n| Polar dry            | -                    | -            |\n| Boreal moist         | 0.05                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Boreal dry           | 0.05                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Tropical montane     | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Tropical wet         | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Tropical moist       | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Tropical dry         | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n\n(Values in brackets are lower and upper bounds of uniform distributions.)\n\n### Step 5. Calculate the CH<sub>4</sub> emission\n\nThe CH<sub>4</sub> emission is calculated based on the formula below:\n\n$$CH_{4cycle} = A_{cycle} * Frac_{org} * (EF_{CH_4ditch} * Frac_{ditch} + EF_{CH_4land} * (1 - Frac_{ditch}))$$\n\nWhere:\n- $CH_{4~cycle}$ = The total emissions from the Cycle, kg CH<sub>4</sub>\n- $A_{cycle}$ = The area occupied by the Cycle, ha\n- $Frac_{org}$ = The fraction of land with drained organic soils, decimal between 0 and 1\n- $EF_{CH_4~ditch}$ = The emission factor for direct CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from drainage ditches, kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>\n- $EF_{CH_4~land}$ = The emission factor for direct CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from drained organic soils for the Cycle's land use, kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>\n- $Frac_{ditch}$ = The fraction of the Site that is occupied by ditches, decimal between 0 and 1\n\n### Step 6. Assign an emission tier\n\nCH<sub>4</sub> emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/organicSoil/ch4ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation/ipcc2019.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"modelId":["ch4ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation"],"modelRequires":["longFallowRatio","nurseryDensity","nurseryDuration","plantationProductiveLifespan","plantationDensity","plantationLifespan","rotationDuration","histosol","ecoClimateZone"]},"content":"## CH4, to air, organic soil cultivation\n\nMethane emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](https://www.hestia.earth/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is run as a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations. Model result values are the row-wise `mean` of simulation results. See our guide on [Monte Carlo simulation](/guide/applying-models-monte-carlo) for more information.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product. \n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n|siteType|Organic soil cultivation category|\n|---|---|\n|cropland|Annual cropland|\n|cropland|Perennial cropland|\n|cropland|Acacia|\n|cropland|Oil palm|\n|cropland|Sago palm|\n|cropland|Rice|\n|permanent pasture|Grassland|\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors (kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n|ecoClimateZone|Annual cropland|Perennial cropland|Oil palm|Sago palm|Rice|Grassland|Ditch|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|Warm temperate moist|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Warm temperate dry|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Cool temperate moist|0 ± 8.52|0 ± 8.52|-|-|143.5 ± 76.47|16 ± 43.75|1165 ± 790|\n|Cool temperate dry|0 ± 8.52|0 ± 8.52|-|-|143.5 ± 76.47|16 ± 43.75|1165 ± 790|\n|Polar moist|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Polar dry|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Boreal moist|0 ± 8.52|0 ± 8.52|-|-|-|1.4 ± 4.80|1165 ± 790|\n|Boreal dry|0 ± 8.52|0 ± 8.52|-|-|-|1.4 ± 4.80|1165 ± 790|\n|Tropical montane|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Tropical wet|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Tropical moist|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n|Tropical dry|7 ± 5.40|2.7 ± 2.90|0|26.2 ± 18.15|143.5 ± 76.47|7 ± 5.40|2259 (599 - 3919)|\n\n(Values in brackets are lower and upper bounds of triangular distributions.)\n\nThe CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n|Climate domain|Nutrient status|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Nutrient-poor|\n|Temperate|Nutrient-rich|\n|Subtropical|Nutrient-rich|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n|Climate domain|Drainage depth|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Deep|\n|Temperate|Deep|\n|Subtropical|n/a|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n### Step 4: Retrieve the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor from drainage ditches and the ditch fraction\n\nCH<sub>4</sub> emissions require additional factors for emissions from drainage ditches. Using the Cycle's eco-climate zone, the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor from drainage ditches is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\nThe model also needs to know how much of the modelled land is occupied by ditches. Using the Cycle's eco-climate zone, the default ratios of area of drained land and surface area of drainage ditches provided for each land-use category is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup. These default values should be overriden for Sites in the Netherlands.\n\n**Ditch fractions**\n\n|ecoClimateZone|Cropland & Grassland|Netherlands|\n|---|---|---|\n|Warm temperate moist|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Warm temperate dry|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Cool temperate moist|0.05|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Cool temperate dry|0.05|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Polar moist|-|-|\n|Polar dry|-|-|\n|Boreal moist|0.05|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Boreal dry|0.05|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Tropical montane|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Tropical wet|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Tropical moist|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n|Tropical dry|0.02|(0.1 - 0.25)|\n\n(Values in brackets are lower and upper bounds of uniform distributions.)\n\n### Step 5. Calculate the CH<sub>4</sub> emission\n\nThe CH<sub>4</sub> emission is calculated based on the formula below:\n\n$$CH_{4cycle} = A_{cycle} * Frac_{org} * (EF_{CH_4ditch} * Frac_{ditch} + EF_{CH_4land} * (1 - Frac_{ditch}))$$\n\nWhere:\n\n* $CH_{4~cycle}$ = The total emissions from the Cycle, kg CH<sub>4</sub>\n* $A_{cycle}$ = The area occupied by the Cycle, ha\n* $Frac_{org}$ = The fraction of land with drained organic soils, decimal between 0 and 1\n* $EF_{CH_4~ditch}$ = The emission factor for direct CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from drainage ditches, kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>\n* $EF_{CH_4~land}$ = The emission factor for direct CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from drained organic soils for the Cycle's land use, kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>\n* $Frac_{ditch}$ = The fraction of the Site that is occupied by ditches, decimal between 0 and 1\n\n### Step 6. Assign an emission tier\n\nCH<sub>4</sub> emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n## Discussion\n\nWe plan to extend the model so it runs with the `usdaSoilType` term `histosols` and all its subclasses as well as with all the subclasses of the `soilType` term `histosol`, in addition to simply with the `soilType` term `histosol`. This will increase the instances for which the model will be able to run based on users' input data.\n\nWe will also release a new model calculating CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from organic soil burning during deforestation or other land-use changes, which will make our coverage of organic soil-related emissions more exhaustive.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission\">Emissions</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ch4ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation\">ch4ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ipcc2019\">ipcc2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#sd\">sd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#min\">min</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#max\">max</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#observations\">observations</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#statsDefinition\">statsDefinition</a> with <code>simulated</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodTier\">methodTier</a> with <code>tier 1</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>forest</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>other natural vegetation</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>glass or high accessible cover</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>permanent pasture</code> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#measurements\">measurements</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/histosol\">histosol</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ecoClimateZone\">ecoClimateZone</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>either:<ul>\n<li>the following fields:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/longFallowRatio\">longFallowRatio</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>for plantations, additional properties are required:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nurseryDensity\">nurseryDensity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nurseryDuration\">nurseryDuration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationProductiveLifespan\">plantationProductiveLifespan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationDensity\">plantationDensity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationLifespan\">plantationLifespan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/rotationDuration\">rotationDuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>optional:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop.csv\">crop.csv</a> -&gt; <code>isPlantation</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage.csv\">forage.csv</a> -&gt; <code>isPlantation</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/ecoClimateZone.csv\">ecoClimateZone.csv</a> -&gt; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_ANNUAL_CROPS</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_PERENNIAL_CROPS</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_ACACIA</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_OIL_PALM</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_SAGO_PALM</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_PADDY_RICE_CULTIVATION</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_GRASSLAND</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_DITCH</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_OTHER</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_DRAINED_ORGANIC_SOILS_DITCH_FRAC_AGRICULTURAL_LAND</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_DRAINED_ORGANIC_SOILS_DITCH_FRAC_NETHERLANDS</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/emission.csv\">emission.csv</a> -&gt; <code>siteTypesAllowed</code>; <code>typesAllowed</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"modelId":["ch4ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation"],"modelRequires":["longFallowRatio","nurseryDensity","nurseryDuration","plantationProductiveLifespan","plantationDensity","plantationLifespan","rotationDuration","organicSoils","ecoClimateZone"]},"content":"## CH4, to air, organic soil cultivation\n\nMethane emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is run as a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations. Model result values are the row-wise `mean` of simulation results. See our guide on [Monte Carlo simulation](/guide/applying-models-monte-carlo) for more information.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product.\n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n| siteType          | Organic soil cultivation category |\n| ----------------- | --------------------------------- |\n| cropland          | Annual cropland                   |\n| cropland          | Perennial cropland                |\n| cropland          | Acacia                            |\n| cropland          | Oil palm                          |\n| cropland          | Sago palm                         |\n| cropland          | Rice                              |\n| permanent pasture | Grassland                         |\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors (kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n| ecoClimateZone       | Annual cropland | Perennial cropland | Oil palm | Sago palm    | Rice          | Grassland  | Ditch             |\n| -------------------- | --------------- | ------------------ | -------- | ------------ | ------------- | ---------- | ----------------- |\n| Warm temperate moist | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Warm temperate dry   | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Cool temperate moist | 0 ± 8.52        | 0 ± 8.52           | -        | -            | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 16 ± 43.75 | 1165 ± 790        |\n| Cool temperate dry   | 0 ± 8.52        | 0 ± 8.52           | -        | -            | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 16 ± 43.75 | 1165 ± 790        |\n| Polar moist          | -               | -                  | -        | -            | -             | -          | -                 |\n| Polar dry            | -               | -                  | -        | -            | -             | -          | -                 |\n| Boreal moist         | 0 ± 8.52        | 0 ± 8.52           | -        | -            | -             | 1.4 ± 4.80 | 1165 ± 790        |\n| Boreal dry           | 0 ± 8.52        | 0 ± 8.52           | -        | -            | -             | 1.4 ± 4.80 | 1165 ± 790        |\n| Tropical montane     | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Tropical wet         | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Tropical moist       | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n| Tropical dry         | 7 ± 5.40        | 2.7 ± 2.90         | 0        | 26.2 ± 18.15 | 143.5 ± 76.47 | 7 ± 5.40   | 2259 (599 - 3919) |\n\n(Values in brackets are lower and upper bounds of triangular distributions.)\n\nThe CH<sub>4</sub> emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n| Climate domain | Nutrient status |\n| -------------- | --------------- |\n| Boreal         | Nutrient-poor   |\n| Temperate      | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Subtropical    | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Tropical       | n/a             |\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n| Climate domain | Drainage depth |\n| -------------- | -------------- |\n| Boreal         | Deep           |\n| Temperate      | Deep           |\n| Subtropical    | n/a            |\n| Tropical       | n/a            |\n\n### Step 4: Retrieve the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor from drainage ditches and the ditch fraction\n\nCH<sub>4</sub> emissions require additional factors for emissions from drainage ditches. Using the Cycle's eco-climate zone, the CH<sub>4</sub> emission factor from drainage ditches is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\nThe model also needs to know how much of the modelled land is occupied by ditches. Using the Cycle's eco-climate zone, the default ratios of area of drained land and surface area of drainage ditches provided for each land-use category is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup. These default values should be overriden for Sites in the Netherlands.\n\n**Ditch fractions**\n\n| ecoClimateZone       | Cropland & Grassland | Netherlands  |\n| -------------------- | -------------------- | ------------ |\n| Warm temperate moist | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Warm temperate dry   | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Cool temperate moist | 0.05                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Cool temperate dry   | 0.05                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Polar moist          | -                    | -            |\n| Polar dry            | -                    | -            |\n| Boreal moist         | 0.05                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Boreal dry           | 0.05                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Tropical montane     | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Tropical wet         | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Tropical moist       | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n| Tropical dry         | 0.02                 | (0.1 - 0.25) |\n\n(Values in brackets are lower and upper bounds of uniform distributions.)\n\n### Step 5. Calculate the CH<sub>4</sub> emission\n\nThe CH<sub>4</sub> emission is calculated based on the formula below:\n\n$$CH_{4cycle} = A_{cycle} * Frac_{org} * (EF_{CH_4ditch} * Frac_{ditch} + EF_{CH_4land} * (1 - Frac_{ditch}))$$\n\nWhere:\n- $CH_{4~cycle}$ = The total emissions from the Cycle, kg CH<sub>4</sub>\n- $A_{cycle}$ = The area occupied by the Cycle, ha\n- $Frac_{org}$ = The fraction of land with drained organic soils, decimal between 0 and 1\n- $EF_{CH_4~ditch}$ = The emission factor for direct CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from drainage ditches, kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>\n- $EF_{CH_4~land}$ = The emission factor for direct CH<sub>4</sub> emissions from drained organic soils for the Cycle's land use, kg CH<sub>4</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> yr<sup>-1</sup>\n- $Frac_{ditch}$ = The fraction of the Site that is occupied by ditches, decimal between 0 and 1\n\n### Step 6. Assign an emission tier\n\nCH<sub>4</sub> emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission\">Emissions</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ch4ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation\">ch4ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ipcc2019\">ipcc2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#sd\">sd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#min\">min</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#max\">max</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#observations\">observations</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#statsDefinition\">statsDefinition</a> with <code>simulated</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodTier\">methodTier</a> with <code>tier 1</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>forest</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>other natural vegetation</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>glass or high accessible cover</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>permanent pasture</code> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#measurements\">measurements</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/organicSoils\">organicSoils</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ecoClimateZone\">ecoClimateZone</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>either:<ul>\n<li>the following fields:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/longFallowRatio\">longFallowRatio</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>for plantations, additional properties are required:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nurseryDensity\">nurseryDensity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nurseryDuration\">nurseryDuration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationProductiveLifespan\">plantationProductiveLifespan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationDensity\">plantationDensity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationLifespan\">plantationLifespan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/rotationDuration\">rotationDuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>optional:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop.csv\">crop.csv</a> -&gt; <code>isPlantation</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage.csv\">forage.csv</a> -&gt; <code>isPlantation</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/ecoClimateZone.csv\">ecoClimateZone.csv</a> -&gt; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_ANNUAL_CROPS</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_PERENNIAL_CROPS</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_ACACIA</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_OIL_PALM</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_SAGO_PALM</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_PADDY_RICE_CULTIVATION</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_GRASSLAND</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_DITCH</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CH4_HECTARE_OTHER</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_DRAINED_ORGANIC_SOILS_DITCH_FRAC_AGRICULTURAL_LAND</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_DRAINED_ORGANIC_SOILS_DITCH_FRAC_NETHERLANDS</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/emission.csv\">emission.csv</a> -&gt; <code>siteTypesAllowed</code>; <code>typesAllowed</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/organicSoil/co2ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"]},"content":"# CO2, to air, organic soil cultivation\n\nCarbon dioxide emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](https://www.hestia.earth/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is run as a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations. Model result values are the row-wise `mean` of simulation results. See our guide on [Monte Carlo simulation](/guide/applying-models-monte-carlo) for more information.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product. \n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n|siteType|Organic soil cultivation category|\n|---|---|\n|cropland|Annual cropland|\n|cropland|Perennial cropland|\n|cropland|Acacia|\n|cropland|Oil palm|\n|cropland|Sago palm|\n|cropland|Rice|\n|permanent pasture|Grassland|\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors (tonnes CO<sub>2</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n|ecoClimateZone|Annual cropland|Perennial cropland|Acacia|Oil palm|Sago palm|Rice|Grassland|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|Warm temperate moist|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Warm temperate dry|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Cool temperate moist|7 ± 4.47|7 ± 4.47|-|-|-|9.4 ± 9.62|6.1 ± 3.55|\n|Cool temperate dry|7 ± 4.47|7 ± 4.47|-|-|-|9.4 ± 9.62|6.1 ± 3.55|\n|Polar moist|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Polar dry|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Boreal moist|7 ± 4.47|7 ± 4.47|-|-|-|-|5.7 ± 3.41|\n|Boreal dry|7 ± 4.47|7 ± 4.47|-|-|-|-|5.7 ± 3.41|\n|Tropical montane|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Tropical wet|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Tropical moist|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Tropical dry|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n\nThe CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. All re-sampled values must be greater than 0, as no CO<sub>2</sub> removals were observed in the underlying data. No factors were provided for subtropical climate zones (Warm temperate eco-climate zones); tropical values were used for these eco-climate zones to match N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> factor stratifications. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n|Climate domain|Nutrient status|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Nutrient-poor|\n|Temperate|Nutrient-rich|\n|Subtropical|Nutrient-rich|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n|Climate domain|Drainage depth|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Deep|\n|Temperate|Deep|\n|Subtropical|n/a|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n### Step 4. Calculate the CO<sub>2</sub> emission\n\nThe model multiplies the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor by the percentage of the Site's land under organic soil and the land occupation value.\n\n### Step 5. Assign an emission tier\n\nCO<sub>2</sub> emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n## Discussion\n\nWe plan to extend the model so it runs with the `usdaSoilType` term `histosols` and all its subclasses as well as with all the subclasses of the `soilType` term `histosol`, in addition to simply with the `soilType` term `histosol`. This will increase the instances for which the model will be able to run based on users' input data.\n\nWe will also release a new model calculating CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from organic soil burning during deforestation or other land-use changes, which will make our coverage of organic soil-related emissions more exhaustive.\n\n\n\n\n"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"]},"content":"# CO2, to air, organic soil cultivation\n\nCarbon dioxide emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is run as a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations. Model result values are the row-wise `mean` of simulation results. See our guide on [Monte Carlo simulation](/guide/applying-models-monte-carlo) for more information.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product.\n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n| siteType          | Organic soil cultivation category |\n| ----------------- | --------------------------------- |\n| cropland          | Annual cropland                   |\n| cropland          | Perennial cropland                |\n| cropland          | Acacia                            |\n| cropland          | Oil palm                          |\n| cropland          | Sago palm                         |\n| cropland          | Rice                              |\n| permanent pasture | Grassland                         |\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors (tonnes CO<sub>2</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n| ecoClimateZone       | Annual cropland | Perennial cropland | Acacia    | Oil palm  | Sago palm  | Rice       | Grassland  |\n| -------------------- | --------------- | ------------------ | --------- | --------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- |\n| Warm temperate moist | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Warm temperate dry   | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Cool temperate moist | 7.9 ± 4.47      | 7.9 ± 4.47         | -         | -         | -          | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 6.1 ± 3.55 |\n| Cool temperate dry   | 7.9 ± 4.47      | 7.9 ± 4.47         | -         | -         | -          | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 6.1 ± 3.55 |\n| Polar moist          | -               | -                  | -         | -         | -          | -          | -          |\n| Polar dry            | -               | -                  | -         | -         | -          | -          | -          |\n| Boreal moist         | 7.9 ± 4.47      | 7.9 ± 4.47         | -         | -         | -          | -          | 5.7 ± 3.41 |\n| Boreal dry           | 7.9 ± 4.47      | 7.9 ± 4.47         | -         | -         | -          | -          | 5.7 ± 3.41 |\n| Tropical montane     | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Tropical wet         | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Tropical moist       | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Tropical dry         | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n\nThe CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. All re-sampled values must be greater than 0, as no CO<sub>2</sub> removals were observed in the underlying data. No factors were provided for subtropical climate zones (Warm temperate eco-climate zones); tropical values were used for these eco-climate zones to match N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> factor stratifications. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n| Climate domain | Nutrient status |\n| -------------- | --------------- |\n| Boreal         | Nutrient-poor   |\n| Temperate      | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Subtropical    | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Tropical       | n/a             |\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n| Climate domain | Drainage depth |\n| -------------- | -------------- |\n| Boreal         | Deep           |\n| Temperate      | Deep           |\n| Subtropical    | n/a            |\n| Tropical       | n/a            |\n\n### Step 4. Calculate the CO<sub>2</sub> emission\n\nThe model multiplies the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor by the percentage of the Site's land under organic soil and the land occupation value.\n\n### Step 5. Assign an emission tier\n\nCO<sub>2</sub> emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n\n\n\n"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/organicSoil/co2ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation/ipcc2019.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"modelId":["co2ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation"],"modelRequires":["longFallowRatio","nurseryDensity","nurseryDuration","plantationProductiveLifespan","plantationDensity","plantationLifespan","rotationDuration","histosol","ecoClimateZone"]},"content":"# CO2, to air, organic soil cultivation\n\nCarbon dioxide emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](https://www.hestia.earth/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is run as a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations. Model result values are the row-wise `mean` of simulation results. See our guide on [Monte Carlo simulation](/guide/applying-models-monte-carlo) for more information.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product. \n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n|siteType|Organic soil cultivation category|\n|---|---|\n|cropland|Annual cropland|\n|cropland|Perennial cropland|\n|cropland|Acacia|\n|cropland|Oil palm|\n|cropland|Sago palm|\n|cropland|Rice|\n|permanent pasture|Grassland|\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors (tonnes CO<sub>2</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n|ecoClimateZone|Annual cropland|Perennial cropland|Acacia|Oil palm|Sago palm|Rice|Grassland|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|Warm temperate moist|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Warm temperate dry|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Cool temperate moist|7 ± 4.47|7 ± 4.47|-|-|-|9.4 ± 9.62|6.1 ± 3.55|\n|Cool temperate dry|7 ± 4.47|7 ± 4.47|-|-|-|9.4 ± 9.62|6.1 ± 3.55|\n|Polar moist|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Polar dry|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Boreal moist|7 ± 4.47|7 ± 4.47|-|-|-|-|5.7 ± 3.41|\n|Boreal dry|7 ± 4.47|7 ± 4.47|-|-|-|-|5.7 ± 3.41|\n|Tropical montane|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Tropical wet|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Tropical moist|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n|Tropical dry|14 ± 13.56|15 ± 7.21|20 ± 6.62|11 ± 7.97|1.5 ± 3.10|9.4 ± 9.62|9.6 ± 9.1|\n\nThe CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. All re-sampled values must be greater than 0, as no CO<sub>2</sub> removals were observed in the underlying data. No factors were provided for subtropical climate zones (Warm temperate eco-climate zones); tropical values were used for these eco-climate zones to match N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> factor stratifications. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n|Climate domain|Nutrient status|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Nutrient-poor|\n|Temperate|Nutrient-rich|\n|Subtropical|Nutrient-rich|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n|Climate domain|Drainage depth|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Deep|\n|Temperate|Deep|\n|Subtropical|n/a|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n### Step 4. Calculate the CO<sub>2</sub> emission\n\nThe model multiplies the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor by the percentage of the Site's land under organic soil and the land occupation value.\n\n### Step 5. Assign an emission tier\n\nCO<sub>2</sub> emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n## Discussion\n\nWe plan to extend the model so it runs with the `usdaSoilType` term `histosols` and all its subclasses as well as with all the subclasses of the `soilType` term `histosol`, in addition to simply with the `soilType` term `histosol`. This will increase the instances for which the model will be able to run based on users' input data.\n\nWe will also release a new model calculating CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from organic soil burning during deforestation or other land-use changes, which will make our coverage of organic soil-related emissions more exhaustive.\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission\">Emissions</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/co2ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation\">co2ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ipcc2019\">ipcc2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#sd\">sd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#min\">min</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#max\">max</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#observations\">observations</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#statsDefinition\">statsDefinition</a> with <code>simulated</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodTier\">methodTier</a> with <code>tier 1</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>forest</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>other natural vegetation</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>glass or high accessible cover</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>permanent pasture</code> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#measurements\">measurements</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/histosol\">histosol</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ecoClimateZone\">ecoClimateZone</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>either:<ul>\n<li>the following fields:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/longFallowRatio\">longFallowRatio</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>for plantations, additional properties are required:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nurseryDensity\">nurseryDensity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nurseryDuration\">nurseryDuration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationProductiveLifespan\">plantationProductiveLifespan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationDensity\">plantationDensity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationLifespan\">plantationLifespan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/rotationDuration\">rotationDuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>optional:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop.csv\">crop.csv</a> -&gt; <code>isPlantation</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage.csv\">forage.csv</a> -&gt; <code>isPlantation</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/ecoClimateZone.csv\">ecoClimateZone.csv</a> -&gt; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_ANNUAL_CROPS</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_PERENNIAL_CROPS</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_ACACIA</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_OIL_PALM</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_SAGO_PALM</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_PADDY_RICE_CULTIVATION</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_GRASSLAND</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_OTHER</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/emission.csv\">emission.csv</a> -&gt; <code>siteTypesAllowed</code>; <code>typesAllowed</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"],"modelId":["co2ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation"],"modelRequires":["longFallowRatio","nurseryDensity","nurseryDuration","plantationProductiveLifespan","plantationDensity","plantationLifespan","rotationDuration","organicSoils","ecoClimateZone"]},"content":"# CO2, to air, organic soil cultivation\n\nCarbon dioxide emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is run as a Monte Carlo simulation with 10,000 iterations. Model result values are the row-wise `mean` of simulation results. See our guide on [Monte Carlo simulation](/guide/applying-models-monte-carlo) for more information.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product.\n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n| siteType          | Organic soil cultivation category |\n| ----------------- | --------------------------------- |\n| cropland          | Annual cropland                   |\n| cropland          | Perennial cropland                |\n| cropland          | Acacia                            |\n| cropland          | Oil palm                          |\n| cropland          | Sago palm                         |\n| cropland          | Rice                              |\n| permanent pasture | Grassland                         |\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors (tonnes CO<sub>2</sub> ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n| ecoClimateZone       | Annual cropland | Perennial cropland | Acacia    | Oil palm  | Sago palm  | Rice       | Grassland  |\n| -------------------- | --------------- | ------------------ | --------- | --------- | ---------- | ---------- | ---------- |\n| Warm temperate moist | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Warm temperate dry   | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Cool temperate moist | 7.9 ± 4.47      | 7.9 ± 4.47         | -         | -         | -          | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 6.1 ± 3.55 |\n| Cool temperate dry   | 7.9 ± 4.47      | 7.9 ± 4.47         | -         | -         | -          | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 6.1 ± 3.55 |\n| Polar moist          | -               | -                  | -         | -         | -          | -          | -          |\n| Polar dry            | -               | -                  | -         | -         | -          | -          | -          |\n| Boreal moist         | 7.9 ± 4.47      | 7.9 ± 4.47         | -         | -         | -          | -          | 5.7 ± 3.41 |\n| Boreal dry           | 7.9 ± 4.47      | 7.9 ± 4.47         | -         | -         | -          | -          | 5.7 ± 3.41 |\n| Tropical montane     | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Tropical wet         | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Tropical moist       | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n| Tropical dry         | 14 ± 13.56      | 15 ± 7.21          | 20 ± 6.62 | 11 ± 7.97 | 1.5 ± 3.10 | 9.4 ± 9.62 | 9.6 ± 9.1  |\n\nThe CO<sub>2</sub> emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. All re-sampled values must be greater than 0, as no CO<sub>2</sub> removals were observed in the underlying data. No factors were provided for subtropical climate zones (Warm temperate eco-climate zones); tropical values were used for these eco-climate zones to match N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> factor stratifications. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n| Climate domain | Nutrient status |\n| -------------- | --------------- |\n| Boreal         | Nutrient-poor   |\n| Temperate      | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Subtropical    | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Tropical       | n/a             |\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n| Climate domain | Drainage depth |\n| -------------- | -------------- |\n| Boreal         | Deep           |\n| Temperate      | Deep           |\n| Subtropical    | n/a            |\n| Tropical       | n/a            |\n\n### Step 4. Calculate the CO<sub>2</sub> emission\n\nThe model multiplies the CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor by the percentage of the Site's land under organic soil and the land occupation value.\n\n### Step 5. Assign an emission tier\n\nCO<sub>2</sub> emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n<div class=\"collapsibles\">\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Returns</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission\">Emissions</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/co2ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation\">co2ToAirOrganicSoilCultivation</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodModel\">methodModel</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ipcc2019\">ipcc2019</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#value\">value</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#sd\">sd</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#min\">min</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#max\">max</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#observations\">observations</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#statsDefinition\">statsDefinition</a> with <code>simulated</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Emission#methodTier\">methodTier</a> with <code>tier 1</code></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Requirements</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li>A <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle\">Cycle</a> with:<ul>\n<li>a <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#site\">site</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#siteType\">siteType</a> with <code>forest</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>other natural vegetation</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>cropland</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>glass or high accessible cover</code> <strong>or</strong> <code>permanent pasture</code> and a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Site#measurements\">measurements</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/organicSoils\">organicSoils</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Measurement#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/ecoClimateZone\">ecoClimateZone</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>either:<ul>\n<li>the following fields:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/longFallowRatio\">longFallowRatio</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>for plantations, additional properties are required:<ul>\n<li>a list of <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#practices\">practices</a> with:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nurseryDensity\">nurseryDensity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/nurseryDuration\">nurseryDuration</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationProductiveLifespan\">plantationProductiveLifespan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationDensity\">plantationDensity</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/plantationLifespan\">plantationLifespan</a></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#value\">value</a> and <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Practice#term\">term</a> with <a href=\"https://hestia.earth/term/rotationDuration\">rotationDuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n<li>optional:<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/schema/Cycle#cycleDuration\">cycleDuration</a></li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  <div class=\"collapsible-group\">\n    <div class=\"collapsible-header\">\n      <span>Lookups used</span>\n    </div>\n    <div class=\"collapsible-content\"><ul>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/crop.csv\">crop.csv</a> -&gt; <code>isPlantation</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/forage.csv\">forage.csv</a> -&gt; <code>isPlantation</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/ecoClimateZone.csv\">ecoClimateZone.csv</a> -&gt; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_ANNUAL_CROPS</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_PERENNIAL_CROPS</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_ACACIA</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_OIL_PALM</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_SAGO_PALM</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_PADDY_RICE_CULTIVATION</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_GRASSLAND</code>; <code>IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOILS_TONNES_CO2-C_HECTARE_OTHER</code></li>\n<li><a href=\"https://hestia.earth/glossary/lookups/emission.csv\">emission.csv</a> -&gt; <code>siteTypesAllowed</code>; <code>typesAllowed</code></li>\n</ul>\n</div>\n  </div>\n  \n</div>"}

package/dist/content/models/cycleEmissions/organicSoil/n2OToAirOrganicSoilCultivationDirect/content.json

@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"]},"content":"## N2O, to air, organic soil cultivation, direct\n\nNitrous oxide direct emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](https://www.hestia.earth/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is **not** run as a Monte Carlo simulation; instead, the uncertainty is propagated to the model results by multiplying the `sd` by the Cycle's land occupation factor.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product. \n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n|siteType|Organic soil cultivation category|\n|---|---|\n|cropland|Annual cropland|\n|cropland|Perennial cropland|\n|cropland|Acacia|\n|cropland|Oil palm|\n|cropland|Sago palm|\n|cropland|Rice|\n|permanent pasture|Grassland|\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the N<sub>2</sub>O emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the N<sub>2</sub>O emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors (kg N<sub>2</sub>O ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n|ecoClimateZone|Annual cropland|Perennial cropland|Oil palm|Sago palm|Rice|Grassland|\n|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|\n|Warm temperate moist|5 ± 3.23|5 ± 3.23|1.2|3.3|0.4 ± 0.43|5 ± 3.23|\n|Warm temperate dry|5 ± 3.23|5 ± 3.23|1.2|3.3|0.4 ± 0.43|5 ± 3.23|\n|Cool temperate moist|13 ± 14.48|13 ± 14.48|-|-|0.4 ± 0.43|8.2 ± 10.39|\n|Cool temperate dry|13 ± 14.48|13 ± 14.48|-|-|0.4 ± 0.43|8.2 ± 10.39|\n|Polar moist|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Polar dry|-|-|-|-|-|-|\n|Boreal moist|13 ± 14.48|13 ± 14.48|-|-|-|9.5 ± 8.82|\n|Boreal dry|13 ± 14.48|13 ± 14.48|-|-|-|9.5 ± 8.82|\n|Tropical montane|5 ± 3.23|5 ± 3.23|1.2|3.3|0.4 ± 0.43|5 ± 3.23|\n|Tropical wet|5 ± 3.23|5 ± 3.23|1.2|3.3|0.4 ± 0.43|5 ± 3.23|\n|Tropical moist|5 ± 3.23|5 ± 3.23|1.2|3.3|0.4 ± 0.43|5 ± 3.23|\n|Tropical dry|5 ± 3.23|5 ± 3.23|1.2|3.3|0.4 ± 0.43|5 ± 3.23|\n\nThe N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n|Climate domain|Nutrient status|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Nutrient-poor|\n|Temperate|Nutrient-rich|\n|Subtropical|Nutrient-rich|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n|Climate domain|Drainage depth|\n|---|---|\n|Boreal|Deep|\n|Temperate|Deep|\n|Subtropical|n/a|\n|Tropical|n/a|\n\n### Step 4. Calculate the N<sub>2</sub>O emission\n\nThe model multiplies the N<sub>2</sub>O emission factor by the percentage of the Site's land under organic soil and the land occupation value.\n\n### Step 5. Assign an emission tier\n\nN<sub>2</sub>O emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n## Discussion\n\nWe plan to extend the model so it runs with the `usdaSoilType` term `histosols` and all its subclasses as well as with all the subclasses of the `soilType` term `histosol`, in addition to simply with the `soilType` term `histosol`. This will increase the instances for which the model will be able to run based on users' input data.\n\nWe will also release a new model calculating N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from organic soil burning during deforestation or other land-use changes, which will make our coverage of organic soil-related emissions more exhaustive.\n\n\n\n\n"}
+{"tags":{"author":["Florian Payen"],"group":["Cycle: Emissions"],"subgroup":["Organic Soil"],"tab":["IPCC (2019)"]},"content":"## N2O, to air, organic soil cultivation, direct\n\nNitrous oxide direct emissions to air, from organic soil (histosol) drainage and cultivation.\n\n## Overview\n\nFollowing the [IPCC (2019)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html) and [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Tier 1 guidelines, this model calculates the annual N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils and assigns them to [Cycles](/schema/Cycle) taking place during those years.\n\nOnly N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated by this model. N<sub>2</sub>O emissions from the burning of organic soils during deforestation or other land conversion events should be calculated otherwise.\n\nThe model is **not** run as a Monte Carlo simulation; instead, the uncertainty is propagated to the model results by multiplying the `sd` by the Cycle's land occupation factor.\n\n## How the model works\n\nThe model works by retrieving the percentage of the Cycle's associated Site under organic soils, the Cycle's land occupation, the Cycle's associated Site's eco-climate zone, and the Cycle's primary product category. Emissions from the drainage and cultivation of organic soils are estimated using emission factors provided in the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement report.\n\n### Step 1. Retrieve required data from the Cycle and associated Site\n\nFrom the Cycle's associated Site, we retrieve:\n- the Site's `ecoClimateZone`\n- the percentage of the Site under organic soil\n- the Site's `siteType`\n\nOnly the `soilType` term `histosol` is used to estimate the percentage of a Site under organic soil; this is because this term is being gap-filled by the platform, which means that most Sites will have a value for it. See our guide on [Histosol gap-filling](/guide/histosol#Geospatial%20Database) for more information.\n\nFrom the Cycle, we retrieve the Cycle's primary Product.\n\nThe Cycle's land occupation is then calculated to determine how much of the Site's modelled land is actually occupied by the Cycle.\n\n### Step 2. Classify the primary Product\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `cropland`, then, using the value of the primary Product term in the `IPCC_2013_ORGANIC_SOIL_CULTIVATION_CATEGORY` lookup in the `crop` and `forage` glossaries, an organic soil cultivation category is assigned to the Cycle. This information will be used to retrieve land-use specific emission factors.\n\nIf the Cycle's associated Site has a `termType` = `permanent pasture`, then the organic soil cultivation category of `Grassland` is directly assigned to the Cycle.\n\nThe different organic soil cultivation categories are:\n\n| siteType          | Organic soil cultivation category |\n| ----------------- | --------------------------------- |\n| cropland          | Annual cropland                   |\n| cropland          | Perennial cropland                |\n| cropland          | Acacia                            |\n| cropland          | Oil palm                          |\n| cropland          | Sago palm                         |\n| cropland          | Rice                              |\n| permanent pasture | Grassland                         |\n\n### Step 3. Retrieve the N<sub>2</sub>O emission factor\n\nUsing the Cycle's eco-climate zone and assigned organic soil cultivation category, the N<sub>2</sub>O emission factor is retrieved from the `ecoClimateZone` lookup.\n\n**N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors (kg N<sub>2</sub>O ha<sup>-1</sup> y<sup>-1</sup>)**\n\n| ecoClimateZone       | Annual cropland | Perennial cropland | Oil palm | Sago palm | Rice       | Grassland   |\n| -------------------- | --------------- | ------------------ | -------- | --------- | ---------- | ----------- |\n| Warm temperate moist | 5 ± 3.23        | 5 ± 3.23           | 1.2      | 3.3       | 0.4 ± 0.43 | 5 ± 3.23    |\n| Warm temperate dry   | 5 ± 3.23        | 5 ± 3.23           | 1.2      | 3.3       | 0.4 ± 0.43 | 5 ± 3.23    |\n| Cool temperate moist | 13 ± 14.48      | 13 ± 14.48         | -        | -         | 0.4 ± 0.43 | 8.2 ± 10.39 |\n| Cool temperate dry   | 13 ± 14.48      | 13 ± 14.48         | -        | -         | 0.4 ± 0.43 | 8.2 ± 10.39 |\n| Polar moist          | -               | -                  | -        | -         | -          | -           |\n| Polar dry            | -               | -                  | -        | -         | -          | -           |\n| Boreal moist         | 13 ± 14.48      | 13 ± 14.48         | -        | -         | -          | 9.5 ± 8.82  |\n| Boreal dry           | 13 ± 14.48      | 13 ± 14.48         | -        | -         | -          | 9.5 ± 8.82  |\n| Tropical montane     | 5 ± 3.23        | 5 ± 3.23           | 1.2      | 3.3       | 0.4 ± 0.43 | 5 ± 3.23    |\n| Tropical wet         | 5 ± 3.23        | 5 ± 3.23           | 1.2      | 3.3       | 0.4 ± 0.43 | 5 ± 3.23    |\n| Tropical moist       | 5 ± 3.23        | 5 ± 3.23           | 1.2      | 3.3       | 0.4 ± 0.43 | 5 ± 3.23    |\n| Tropical dry         | 5 ± 3.23        | 5 ± 3.23           | 1.2      | 3.3       | 0.4 ± 0.43 | 5 ± 3.23    |\n\nThe N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors for drained inland organic soils are provided by the [IPCC (2013)](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/wetlands/) Wetlands Supplement. Standard deviations have been recalculated using the 95% confidence interval and `n` data provided in the IPCC report.\n\nFactors are stratified by land-use category, climate domain and nutrient status. Nutrient-rich grassland is further stratified into shallow-drained and deep-drained. Where data is not available to classify Sites by nutrient status or drainage depth, default categories are suggested based on climate domains. Because there is no information on nutrient status nor drainage depth available on HESTIA, the model uses the default values presented below:\n\n**Default nutrient status**\n\n| Climate domain | Nutrient status |\n| -------------- | --------------- |\n| Boreal         | Nutrient-poor   |\n| Temperate      | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Subtropical    | Nutrient-rich   |\n| Tropical       | n/a             |\n\n**Default drainage depth**\n\n| Climate domain | Drainage depth |\n| -------------- | -------------- |\n| Boreal         | Deep           |\n| Temperate      | Deep           |\n| Subtropical    | n/a            |\n| Tropical       | n/a            |\n\n### Step 4. Calculate the N<sub>2</sub>O emission\n\nThe model multiplies the N<sub>2</sub>O emission factor by the percentage of the Site's land under organic soil and the land occupation value.\n\n### Step 5. Assign an emission tier\n\nN<sub>2</sub>O emissions from organic soil cultivation are given the `methodTier` of `tier 1`, which corresponds to the model tier according to the [IPCC (2019) report](https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/vol4.html).\n\n\n\n\n"}