@fredlackey/devutils 0.0.18 → 0.0.19

package/src/installs/wget.md

@@ -1,791 +0,0 @@
-# Installing wget
-
-## Overview
-
-GNU Wget is a free command-line utility for non-interactive downloading of files from the web. It supports HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP protocols, making it one of the most widely-used tools for automated file retrieval. Wget is essential for developers, system administrators, and DevOps engineers who need to download files, mirror websites, or retrieve data within scripts and CI/CD pipelines.
-
-Wget supports features such as:
-- Non-interactive operation (can run in the background or in scripts)
-- Recursive downloading and website mirroring
-- Resume interrupted downloads
-- Bandwidth throttling and retry on failure
-- HTTP cookies and authentication support
-- Proxy support (HTTP and FTP)
-- Robust handling of slow or unstable connections
-
-## Dependencies
-
-### macOS (Homebrew)
-- **Required:** Homebrew - Install via `/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"` or run `dev install homebrew`
-- **Optional:** None
-- **Auto-installed:** libidn2, openssl@3, gettext, libunistring (installed automatically by Homebrew as wget dependencies)
-
-### Ubuntu (APT/Snap)
-- **Required:** None (APT is built into Ubuntu/Debian)
-- **Optional:** None
-- **Auto-installed:** OpenSSL, zlib, libidn2, libpsl, libpcre2 (installed automatically by APT as wget dependencies)
-
-### Raspberry Pi OS (APT/Snap)
-- **Required:** None (APT is built into Raspberry Pi OS)
-- **Optional:** None
-- **Auto-installed:** OpenSSL, zlib, libidn2, libpsl, libpcre2 (installed automatically by APT as wget dependencies)
-
-### Amazon Linux (DNF/YUM)
-- **Required:** None (DNF/YUM is built into Amazon Linux)
-- **Optional:** None
-- **Auto-installed:** OpenSSL, zlib, libidn2, libpsl (installed automatically by DNF/YUM as wget dependencies)
-
-### Windows (Chocolatey/winget)
-- **Required:** Chocolatey - Install via PowerShell: `Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))` or run `dev install chocolatey`
-- **Optional:** None
-- **Auto-installed:** OpenSSL, zlib (bundled in the wget package)
-
-### Git Bash (Manual/Portable)
-- **Required:** Git for Windows - Download from https://git-scm.com/download/win or install via `choco install git -y`
-- **Optional:** None
-- **Auto-installed:** None (wget.exe is a standalone statically compiled binary)
-
-## Prerequisites
-
-Before installing wget on any platform, ensure:
-
-1. **Internet connectivity** - Required to download packages
-2. **Administrative privileges** - Required on most platforms for system-wide installation
-3. **Package manager installed** - Each platform requires its respective package manager (Homebrew, APT, DNF/YUM, Chocolatey, etc.)
-
-**Note**: Unlike macOS (which does not include wget by default), most Linux distributions include wget pre-installed. The installation steps below ensure you have wget available or upgrade to the latest version.
-
-## Platform-Specific Installation
-
-### macOS (Homebrew)
-
-#### Prerequisites
-
-- macOS 10.15 (Catalina) or later (macOS 14 Sonoma+ recommended)
-- Homebrew package manager installed
-- Terminal access
-
-macOS does not include wget by default (it ships with curl instead). The steps below install wget via Homebrew.
-
-If Homebrew is not installed, install it first:
-
-```bash
-/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/HEAD/install.sh)"
-```
-
-For Apple Silicon Macs, add Homebrew to your shell environment:
-
-```bash
-echo 'eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"' >> ~/.zshrc && source ~/.zshrc
-```
-
-#### Installation Steps
-
-Run the following command to install wget via Homebrew:
-
-```bash
-brew install --quiet wget
-```
-
-The `--quiet` flag suppresses non-essential output, making the command suitable for automation scripts.
-
-#### Verification
-
-Confirm the installation succeeded:
-
-```bash
-wget --version
-```
-
-Expected output (version numbers may vary):
-
-```
-GNU Wget 1.25.0 built on darwin23.0.0.
-
--cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 +iri +large-file -metalink +nls
-+ntlm +opie +psl +ssl/openssl
-
-Wgetrc:
-    /opt/homebrew/etc/wgetrc (system)
-Locale:
-    /opt/homebrew/share/locale
-Compile:
-    Apple clang version 15.0.0 (clang-1500.3.9.4)
-    -I/opt/homebrew/opt/libidn2/include -I/opt/homebrew/opt/openssl@3/include
-```
-
-Verify the installation path:
-
-```bash
-which wget
-```
-
-Expected output: `/opt/homebrew/bin/wget` (Apple Silicon) or `/usr/local/bin/wget` (Intel).
-
-#### Troubleshooting
-
-**Problem**: `brew install wget` fails with permission errors
-
-**Solution**: Fix Homebrew directory ownership:
-
-```bash
-sudo chown -R $(whoami) $(brew --prefix)/*
-```
-
-**Problem**: Homebrew itself is not found
-
-**Solution**: Ensure Homebrew is in your PATH. For Apple Silicon Macs:
-
-```bash
-eval "$(/opt/homebrew/bin/brew shellenv)"
-```
-
-**Problem**: SSL certificate errors when using wget
-
-**Solution**: Update CA certificates:
-
-```bash
-brew install --quiet ca-certificates
-```
-
----
-
-### Ubuntu/Debian (APT)
-
-#### Prerequisites
-
-- Ubuntu 18.04 LTS or later, or Debian 10 (Buster) or later
-- sudo privileges
-- Internet connectivity
-
-Most Ubuntu and Debian installations include wget pre-installed. The steps below ensure wget is installed or update it to the latest version from the repositories.
-
-#### Installation Steps
-
-Run the following commands to update package lists and install wget:
-
-```bash
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y && sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y wget
-```
-
-The `DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive` environment variable and `-y` flag ensure fully automated installation without prompts.
-
-#### Verification
-
-Confirm the installation succeeded:
-
-```bash
-wget --version
-```
-
-Expected output (version numbers may vary):
-
-```
-GNU Wget 1.21.3 built on linux-gnu.
-
--cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 +iri +large-file -metalink +nls
-+ntlm +opie +psl +ssl/openssl
-
-Wgetrc:
-    /etc/wgetrc (system)
-Locale:
-    /usr/share/locale
-Compile:
-    gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC="/etc/wgetrc"
-    -DLOCALEDIR="/usr/share/locale" -I. -I../../src -I../lib
-```
-
-Verify the installation path:
-
-```bash
-which wget
-```
-
-Expected output: `/usr/bin/wget`
-
-#### Troubleshooting
-
-**Problem**: `E: Unable to locate package wget`
-
-**Solution**: Update the package list first:
-
-```bash
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y
-```
-
-**Problem**: `Permission denied` errors
-
-**Solution**: Ensure you are using `sudo` with the installation command.
-
-**Problem**: Older wget version than expected
-
-**Solution**: Ubuntu/Debian repositories maintain stable versions. For the absolute latest, you can build from source, but the repository version is recommended for most users.
-
----
-
-### Raspberry Pi OS (APT)
-
-#### Prerequisites
-
-- Raspberry Pi OS (32-bit or 64-bit)
-- Raspberry Pi 2 or later (Raspberry Pi 3B+ or later recommended for 64-bit)
-- sudo privileges
-- Internet connectivity
-
-Raspberry Pi OS is based on Debian, so wget installation follows the same process as Ubuntu/Debian. wget is typically pre-installed on Raspberry Pi OS.
-
-#### Installation Steps
-
-Run the following commands to update package lists and install wget:
-
-```bash
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y && sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y wget
-```
-
-The `DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive` environment variable and `-y` flag ensure fully automated installation without prompts.
-
-#### Verification
-
-Confirm the installation succeeded:
-
-```bash
-wget --version
-```
-
-Expected output for ARM64 (version numbers may vary):
-
-```
-GNU Wget 1.21.3 built on linux-gnueabihf.
-
--cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 +iri +large-file -metalink +nls
-+ntlm +opie +psl +ssl/openssl
-
-Wgetrc:
-    /etc/wgetrc (system)
-Locale:
-    /usr/share/locale
-Compile:
-    arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H
-```
-
-Verify your architecture:
-
-```bash
-uname -m
-```
-
-Expected output: `aarch64` (64-bit) or `armv7l` (32-bit).
-
-#### Troubleshooting
-
-**Problem**: `E: Unable to locate package wget`
-
-**Solution**: Update the package list first:
-
-```bash
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y
-```
-
-**Problem**: Very slow download speeds
-
-**Solution**: Raspberry Pi may have limited bandwidth. Use a wired ethernet connection for faster downloads, or wait for the installation to complete.
-
-**Problem**: Installation fails with disk space errors
-
-**Solution**: Check available disk space and clean up if needed:
-
-```bash
-df -h
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get autoremove -y
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get clean
-```
-
----
-
-### Amazon Linux (DNF/YUM)
-
-#### Prerequisites
-
-- Amazon Linux 2023 (AL2023) or Amazon Linux 2 (AL2)
-- sudo privileges
-- Internet connectivity
-
-wget is typically pre-installed on Amazon Linux. Amazon Linux 2023 uses `dnf` as the package manager, while Amazon Linux 2 uses `yum`. For convenience, AWS creates a symlink so `yum` commands also work on AL2023.
-
-#### Installation Steps
-
-**For Amazon Linux 2023:**
-
-Run the following command to ensure wget is installed (or update to the latest version):
-
-```bash
-sudo dnf install -y wget
-```
-
-**For Amazon Linux 2:**
-
-Run the following command to ensure wget is installed (or update to the latest version):
-
-```bash
-sudo yum install -y wget
-```
-
-The `-y` flag automatically confirms installation prompts, enabling non-interactive execution.
-
-#### Verification
-
-Confirm the installation succeeded:
-
-```bash
-wget --version
-```
-
-Expected output (version numbers may vary):
-
-```
-GNU Wget 1.21.3 built on linux-gnu.
-
--cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 +iri +large-file -metalink +nls
-+ntlm +opie +psl +ssl/openssl
-
-Wgetrc:
-    /etc/wgetrc (system)
-Locale:
-    /usr/share/locale
-```
-
-Check which wget package is installed:
-
-```bash
-rpm -q wget
-```
-
-#### Troubleshooting
-
-**Problem**: `wget: command not found` (unlikely, but possible in minimal containers)
-
-**Solution**: Install wget:
-
-```bash
-sudo dnf install -y wget
-```
-
-**Problem**: `dnf: command not found` on Amazon Linux 2
-
-**Solution**: Use `yum` instead of `dnf` on Amazon Linux 2:
-
-```bash
-sudo yum install -y wget
-```
-
-**Problem**: Package installation fails with GPG key errors
-
-**Solution**: Update the system first:
-
-```bash
-sudo dnf update -y
-```
-
----
-
-### Windows (Chocolatey)
-
-#### Prerequisites
-
-- Windows 10 or Windows 11
-- Chocolatey package manager installed
-- Administrator PowerShell or Command Prompt
-
-**Note**: Windows does not include wget by default. PowerShell has an alias `wget` that points to `Invoke-WebRequest`, but this is not the same as GNU wget.
-
-If Chocolatey is not installed, install it first by running this command in an Administrator PowerShell:
-
-```powershell
-Set-ExecutionPolicy Bypass -Scope Process -Force; [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [System.Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor 3072; iex ((New-Object System.Net.WebClient).DownloadString('https://community.chocolatey.org/install.ps1'))
-```
-
-#### Installation Steps
-
-Run the following command in an Administrator PowerShell or Command Prompt:
-
-```powershell
-choco install wget -y
-```
-
-The `-y` flag automatically confirms all prompts, enabling fully non-interactive installation.
-
-The Chocolatey package automatically detects your system architecture and installs the appropriate 32-bit or 64-bit version.
-
-#### Verification
-
-Open a **new** Command Prompt or PowerShell window (required for PATH to update), then run:
-
-```powershell
-wget.exe --version
-```
-
-**Note**: Use `wget.exe` (with the extension) in PowerShell to avoid invoking the PowerShell alias.
-
-Expected output (version numbers may vary):
-
-```
-GNU Wget 1.21.4 built on mingw32.
-
--cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 +iri +large-file -metalink -nls
-+ntlm +opie -psl +ssl/openssl
-
-Wgetrc:
-Locale:
-Compile:
-    x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC=""
-```
-
-Verify the path points to the Chocolatey installation:
-
-```powershell
-where wget.exe
-```
-
-Expected output should include `C:\ProgramData\chocolatey\bin\wget.exe`.
-
-#### Troubleshooting
-
-**Problem**: In PowerShell, `wget` runs `Invoke-WebRequest` instead of GNU wget
-
-**Solution**: Use `wget.exe` (with the extension) to invoke the actual GNU wget executable:
-
-```powershell
-wget.exe https://example.com/file.zip
-```
-
-**Problem**: `choco` command not found
-
-**Solution**: Chocolatey may not be in PATH. Close all terminal windows, open a new Administrator PowerShell, and try again. If the issue persists, reinstall Chocolatey.
-
-**Problem**: Installation fails with access denied
-
-**Solution**: Ensure you are running PowerShell or Command Prompt as Administrator. Right-click and select "Run as administrator".
-
-**Problem**: wget.exe is not found after installation
-
-**Solution**: Close and reopen your terminal window to refresh the PATH environment variable.
-
----
-
-### WSL (Ubuntu)
-
-#### Prerequisites
-
-- Windows 10 version 2004+ or Windows 11
-- Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) with Ubuntu installed
-- WSL 2 recommended for best performance
-- sudo privileges within WSL
-
-WSL Ubuntu installations follow the same process as native Ubuntu, using APT.
-
-#### Installation Steps
-
-Open your WSL Ubuntu terminal and run:
-
-```bash
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y && sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y wget
-```
-
-The `DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive` environment variable and `-y` flag ensure fully automated installation without prompts.
-
-#### Verification
-
-Confirm the installation succeeded:
-
-```bash
-wget --version
-```
-
-Expected output (version numbers may vary):
-
-```
-GNU Wget 1.21.3 built on linux-gnu.
-
--cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 +iri +large-file -metalink +nls
-+ntlm +opie +psl +ssl/openssl
-
-Wgetrc:
-    /etc/wgetrc (system)
-Locale:
-    /usr/share/locale
-```
-
-#### Troubleshooting
-
-**Problem**: `E: Unable to locate package wget`
-
-**Solution**: Update the package list first:
-
-```bash
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y
-```
-
-**Problem**: WSL itself is not installed
-
-**Solution**: Install WSL from an Administrator PowerShell on Windows:
-
-```powershell
-wsl --install
-```
-
-Restart your computer after installation.
-
-**Problem**: Network connectivity issues in WSL
-
-**Solution**: WSL may have DNS resolution issues. Try restarting WSL:
-
-```powershell
-# From Windows PowerShell
-wsl --shutdown
-wsl
-```
-
----
-
-### Git Bash (Manual/Portable)
-
-#### Prerequisites
-
-- Windows 10 or Windows 11
-- Git for Windows installed (includes Git Bash)
-
-Git Bash does not include wget by default. The following steps install wget manually by downloading the standalone executable.
-
-#### Installation Steps
-
-**Step 1**: Download the wget executable
-
-Open Git Bash and run the following commands to download and install wget:
-
-```bash
-# Create the bin directory if it doesn't exist
-mkdir -p /c/Program\ Files/Git/mingw64/bin
-
-# Download wget.exe (64-bit version)
-curl -L -o /c/Program\ Files/Git/mingw64/bin/wget.exe https://eternallybored.org/misc/wget/1.21.4/64/wget.exe
-```
-
-**Note**: This downloads wget version 1.21.4. Check https://eternallybored.org/misc/wget/ for the latest version.
-
-**Alternative for 32-bit systems**: Replace the URL with `https://eternallybored.org/misc/wget/1.21.4/32/wget.exe`
-
-**Step 2**: Restart Git Bash
-
-Close and reopen Git Bash to ensure the new executable is in your PATH.
-
-#### Verification
-
-Confirm the installation succeeded:
-
-```bash
-wget --version
-```
-
-Expected output (version numbers may vary):
-
-```
-GNU Wget 1.21.4 built on mingw32.
-
--cares +digest -gpgme +https +ipv6 +iri +large-file -metalink -nls
-+ntlm +opie -psl +ssl/openssl
-
-Wgetrc:
-Locale:
-Compile:
-    x86_64-w64-mingw32-gcc -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DSYSTEM_WGETRC=""
-```
-
-Verify wget is accessible:
-
-```bash
-which wget
-```
-
-Expected output: `/c/Program Files/Git/mingw64/bin/wget` or similar.
-
-#### Troubleshooting
-
-**Problem**: `wget: command not found` after installation
-
-**Solution**: Ensure wget.exe was placed in the correct directory. Verify the file exists:
-
-```bash
-ls -la "/c/Program Files/Git/mingw64/bin/wget.exe"
-```
-
-If the file does not exist, repeat the download step.
-
-**Problem**: Permission denied when downloading
-
-**Solution**: Run Git Bash as Administrator, or download to a user-writable directory first and then move the file:
-
-```bash
-curl -L -o ~/wget.exe https://eternallybored.org/misc/wget/1.21.4/64/wget.exe
-mv ~/wget.exe "/c/Program Files/Git/mingw64/bin/wget.exe"
-```
-
-**Problem**: SSL certificate errors with wget
-
-**Solution**: The wget binaries from eternallybored.org are statically compiled with OpenSSL. If you encounter SSL issues, update the CA certificates or use the `--no-check-certificate` flag (not recommended for production):
-
-```bash
-wget --no-check-certificate https://example.com/file.zip
-```
-
-**Problem**: Antivirus flags wget.exe as suspicious
-
-**Solution**: This is a false positive. The wget binaries from eternallybored.org are legitimate. Add an exception in your antivirus software for the wget.exe file.
-
----
-
-## Post-Installation Configuration
-
-wget works out of the box for most use cases. The following optional configurations may be useful:
-
-### Create a Configuration File
-
-wget reads default options from `~/.wgetrc` (Linux/macOS) or `%HOME%\_wgetrc` (Windows). Create this file to set persistent options:
-
-```bash
-# ~/.wgetrc
-
-# Follow redirects automatically
-follow_ftp = on
-
-# Retry failed downloads
-tries = 3
-
-# Wait between retries
-retry_connrefused = on
-waitretry = 10
-
-# Show a progress bar
-progress = bar
-
-# Set a default user agent
-user_agent = Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Wget)
-
-# Timeout settings
-timeout = 60
-read_timeout = 60
-dns_timeout = 30
-```
-
-### Configure Proxy Settings
-
-For environments behind a corporate proxy:
-
-```bash
-# Set proxy via environment variables
-export http_proxy="http://proxy.example.com:8080"
-export https_proxy="http://proxy.example.com:8080"
-export ftp_proxy="http://proxy.example.com:8080"
-
-# Or in ~/.wgetrc
-http_proxy = http://proxy.example.com:8080
-https_proxy = http://proxy.example.com:8080
-ftp_proxy = http://proxy.example.com:8080
-use_proxy = on
-```
-
-### Test Your Installation
-
-Verify wget can download files:
-
-```bash
-wget -q --spider https://www.google.com && echo "wget is working correctly"
-```
-
-Expected output: `wget is working correctly`
-
----
-
-## Common Issues
-
-### Issue: SSL Certificate Verification Fails
-
-**Symptoms**: `ERROR: cannot verify example.com's certificate` or `Unable to locally verify the issuer's authority`
-
-**Solution**: Update CA certificates on your system:
-
-```bash
-# Ubuntu/Debian/Raspberry Pi OS/WSL
-sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get update -y && sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y ca-certificates
-
-# Amazon Linux 2023
-sudo dnf install -y ca-certificates
-
-# Amazon Linux 2
-sudo yum install -y ca-certificates
-
-# macOS
-brew install --quiet ca-certificates
-```
-
-### Issue: Download Interrupted or Connection Lost
-
-**Symptoms**: Download stops partway through or fails with connection errors.
-
-**Solution**: Use the `-c` flag to resume interrupted downloads:
-
-```bash
-wget -c https://example.com/large-file.zip
-```
-
-### Issue: wget vs Invoke-WebRequest on Windows
-
-**Symptoms**: PowerShell runs `Invoke-WebRequest` instead of GNU wget.
-
-**Solution**: Always use `wget.exe` in PowerShell to invoke the actual GNU wget:
-
-```powershell
-wget.exe https://example.com/file.zip
-```
-
-### Issue: Slow Downloads
-
-**Symptoms**: Downloads are slower than expected.
-
-**Solution**: Check if bandwidth throttling is enabled in your config. Also try disabling progress output for faster downloads:
-
-```bash
-wget -q https://example.com/file.zip
-```
-
-### Issue: Too Many Redirects
-
-**Symptoms**: `20 redirections exceeded` error.
-
-**Solution**: Increase the redirect limit:
-
-```bash
-wget --max-redirect=50 https://example.com/page
-```
-
-### Issue: Website Blocks wget
-
-**Symptoms**: Websites return 403 Forbidden or similar errors.
-
-**Solution**: Set a browser-like user agent:
-
-```bash
-wget --user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36" https://example.com/file.zip
-```
-
----
-
-## References
-
-- [GNU Wget Official Website](https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/)
-- [GNU Wget Manual](https://www.gnu.org/software/wget/manual/wget.html)
-- [Wget Homebrew Formula](https://formulae.brew.sh/formula/wget)
-- [Wget Chocolatey Package](https://community.chocolatey.org/packages/Wget)
-- [Wget Windows Binaries (eternallybored.org)](https://eternallybored.org/misc/wget/)
-- [Adding wget to Git Bash](https://gist.github.com/evanwill/0207876c3243bbb6863e65ec5dc3f058)
-- [Amazon Linux 2023 Package Management](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/linux/al2023/ug/package-management.html)
-- [Raspberry Pi OS Documentation](https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/os.html)