@blamejs/core 0.7.18 → 0.7.20

package/lib/testing.js

@@ -1,798 +1,798 @@
-"use strict";
-/**
- * b.testing — operator-facing test helpers.
- *
- * Each helper threads through an existing framework primitive rather
- * than rolling its own timer races or polling loops.
- *
- *   var t = b.testing;
- *   var req = t.mockReq({ url: "/users/42", method: "GET" });
- *   var res = t.mockRes();
- *   await myHandler(req, res, function () {});
- *
- *   var clk = t.fakeClock(1_000_000);
- *   var cache = b.cache.create({ namespace: "x", clock: clk.now });
- *   clk.advance(C.TIME.minutes(5));    // jump forward
- *
- *   var hc = t.fakeHttpClient(function (req) {
- *     return { statusCode: 200, body: Buffer.from("ok") };
- *   });
- *   // ...inject hc as the operator's b.httpClient stand-in
- *
- *   var audit = t.captureAudit();
- *   var notify = b.notify.create({ channels: { ... }, audit: audit });
- *   await notify.send({ ... });
- *   assert(audit.byAction("notify.send.success").length === 1);
- *
- *   var captured = await t.runMiddleware(myMiddleware, req, res);
- *   assert(captured.nextCalled);
- *
- *   await t.waitFor(function () { return jobsTable.count() > 0; });
- *
- *   var dir = t.tempDir("my-fixture");
- *   try {
- *     fs.writeFileSync(path.join(dir.path, "fixture.json"), "...");
- *   } finally { dir.cleanup(); }
- *
- * Primitive-mapping:
- *
- *   - waitFor poll loop      → b.safeAsync.sleep
- *   - waitFor / runMiddleware overall cap → b.safeAsync.withTimeout
- *   - mockReq actor shape    → compatible with b.requestHelpers.extractActorContext
- *   - captureObservability   → matches b.observability.tap + .event contracts
- *   - captureAudit           → matches b.audit.safeEmit (drop-silent)
- *   - fakeHttpClient         → matches b.httpClient.request response shape
- *   - tempDir path safety    → mirrors lib/static.js _resolveSafe containment check
- *   - TestingError           → b.frameworkError.defineClass(...{ alwaysPermanent: true })
- *   - lazy require           → b.lazyRequire (avoids load-order cycles with safe-async)
- *
- * What is intentionally NOT here:
- *
- *   - Assertion library / test runner / mocking lib (Node's `assert`,
- *     `node:test`, vitest, jest, etc. — operator's choice)
- *   - Supertest-style request builder (operators use native http.request
- *     or bring real supertest)
- *   - DB transaction-rollback wrapper (b.db.transaction already exists)
- *   - Snapshot testing / property-based testing helpers (operator brings
- *     their own snapshotter / fast-check)
- *   - Built-in fixtures that boot b.db with vault — that's framework-test-
- *     specific and stays in test/helpers/db.js
- */
-
-var fs = require("node:fs");
-// testing.js IS the test injector — bypasses b.httpClient by design so
-// tests can assert on raw request shape. This is the one production
-// module where direct http.request is the contract.
-var http = require("node:http");
-var os = require("node:os");
-var nodePath = require("node:path");
-var EventEmitter = require("node:events").EventEmitter;
-var C = require("./constants");
-var lazyRequire = require("./lazy-require");
-var numericChecks = require("./numeric-checks");
-var safeAsync = require("./safe-async");
-var safeBuffer = require("./safe-buffer");
-var safeJson = require("./safe-json");
-var { TestingError } = require("./framework-error");
-
-// Lazy-required to avoid load-order cycles with the metrics module.
-// metrics is the only place that exposes the global `tap` slot the
-// captureMetricsTap helper swaps; pulling it lazily keeps testing.js
-// safe to require at any framework load order.
-var metricsModule = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./metrics"); });
-
-var _err = TestingError.factory;
-
-var DEFAULTS = Object.freeze({
-  waitForTimeoutMs:        C.TIME.seconds(1),
-  waitForIntervalMs:       10,
-  runMiddlewareTimeoutMs:  C.TIME.seconds(5),
-});
-
-// ---- Call-site validation helpers (throw on bad input) ----
-
-var _isPositiveInt       = numericChecks.isPositiveInt;
-var _isFiniteNonNegative = numericChecks.isFiniteNonNegative;
-
-// ---- HTTP mocks (standalone — no framework primitive overlap) ----
-// These mimic Node's `http` module's request/response shapes. They're
-// the surface every framework primitive's middleware tests use.
-
-function mockReq(opts) {
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var headers = Object.assign({}, opts.headers || {});
-  // Compatible with b.requestHelpers.extractActorContext: that function
-  // reads `headers["user-agent"]`, `headers["x-request-id"]`, `socket
-  // .remoteAddress`, `connection.remoteAddress`, `method`, `url`,
-  // `requestId`, `session.id`, `user.id`. mockReq populates every
-  // field that has a sensible default so extractActorContext doesn't
-  // see undefined when operators pass mockReq() with minimal opts.
-  if (opts.userAgent && !headers["user-agent"]) headers["user-agent"] = opts.userAgent;
-  if (opts.requestId && !headers["x-request-id"]) headers["x-request-id"] = opts.requestId;
-  return {
-    method:    opts.method || "GET",
-    url:       opts.url || "/",
-    pathname:  opts.pathname || (opts.url || "/").split("?")[0],
-    headers:   headers,
-    socket:    opts.socket || { remoteAddress: opts.ip || "127.0.0.1" },
-    connection: opts.connection || { remoteAddress: opts.ip || "127.0.0.1" },
-  };
-}
-
-function mockRes() {
-  var headers = {};
-  var statusCode = null;
-  var bodyParts = [];
-  var ended = false;
-  return {
-    statusCode:    null,
-    writableEnded: false,
-    setHeader:     function (k, v) { headers[k.toLowerCase()] = v; },
-    getHeader:     function (k) { return headers[k.toLowerCase()]; },
-    writeHead:     function (s, h) {
-      statusCode = s;
-      if (h) for (var k in h) headers[k.toLowerCase()] = h[k];
-    },
-    end:           function (b) {
-      if (b !== undefined) bodyParts.push(b);
-      ended = true;
-      this.writableEnded = true;
-    },
-    _captured:     function () {
-      return { status: statusCode, headers: headers, body: bodyParts.join(""), ended: ended };
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-function bodyReq(method, headers, body) {
-  var req = new EventEmitter();
-  req.method  = method || "GET";
-  req.url     = "/";
-  req.headers = Object.assign({}, headers || {});
-  req.socket  = { remoteAddress: "127.0.0.1" };
-  req.destroy = function () { /* mock — no-op */ };
-  setImmediate(function () {
-    if (Buffer.isBuffer(body)) req.emit("data", body);
-    else if (typeof body === "string") req.emit("data", Buffer.from(body));
-    req.emit("end");
-  });
-  return req;
-}
-
-function bodyRes() {
-  var res = new EventEmitter();
-  res.statusCode = null;
-  res.headersSent = false;
-  res._captured = "";
-  res._endedStatus = null;
-  res._headers = {};
-  res.writeHead = function (s, h) {
-    res.statusCode = s;
-    res._endedStatus = s;
-    res.headersSent = true;
-    res._headers = h || {};
-  };
-  res.end = function (body) { if (body) res._captured += body; res.emit("finish"); };
-  return res;
-}
-
-function streamingRes() {
-  var res = new EventEmitter();
-  res._chunks = [];
-  res._headers = {};
-  res._statusCode = 200;
-  res.headersSent = false;
-  res.writeHead = function (status, statusMsgOrHeaders, headersIfMsg) {
-    res._statusCode = status;
-    res.headersSent = true;
-    var h = null;
-    if (headersIfMsg && typeof headersIfMsg === "object") h = headersIfMsg;
-    else if (statusMsgOrHeaders && typeof statusMsgOrHeaders === "object" && !Array.isArray(statusMsgOrHeaders)) {
-      h = statusMsgOrHeaders;
-    }
-    if (h) {
-      var keys = Object.keys(h);
-      for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) res._headers[keys[i].toLowerCase()] = h[keys[i]];
-    }
-  };
-  res.setHeader    = function (k, v) { res._headers[k.toLowerCase()] = v; };
-  res.getHeader    = function (k)    { return res._headers[k.toLowerCase()]; };
-  res.removeHeader = function (k)    { delete res._headers[k.toLowerCase()]; };
-  res.write = function (chunk) {
-    if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) res._chunks.push(chunk);
-    else if (typeof chunk === "string") res._chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk));
-    return true;
-  };
-  res.end = function (chunk) {
-    if (chunk != null) res.write(chunk);
-    res.emit("finish");
-    return res;
-  };
-  res._captured = function () { return Buffer.concat(res._chunks); };
-  return res;
-}
-
-// ---- fakeClock ----
-//
-// No framework primitive owns "controllable clock"; this IS that
-// primitive now. The shape is `{ now, advance, set, ms }` so operators
-// can pass `clk.now` as the `clock` opt to b.cache / b.api-key /
-// b.permissions / b.scheduler / b.seeders / etc.
-
-function fakeClock(initialMs) {
-  if (initialMs === undefined) initialMs = 1_000_000;     // arbitrary positive default
-  if (typeof initialMs !== "number" || !isFinite(initialMs)) {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "fakeClock: initialMs must be a finite number, got " +
-      (typeof initialMs) + " " + JSON.stringify(initialMs));
-  }
-  var current = initialMs;
-  // Bound `now` so operators pass `clk.now` directly without losing `this`.
-  function now() { return current; }
-  function advance(ms) {
-    if (typeof ms !== "number" || !isFinite(ms)) {
-      throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "fakeClock.advance: ms must be a finite number");
-    }
-    current += ms;
-  }
-  function set(ms) {
-    if (typeof ms !== "number" || !isFinite(ms)) {
-      throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "fakeClock.set: ms must be a finite number");
-    }
-    current = ms;
-  }
-  return {
-    now:     now,
-    advance: advance,
-    set:     set,
-    get ms() { return current; },
-  };
-}
-
-// ---- fakeHttpClient ----
-//
-// Drop-in replacement for b.httpClient. responder(req) returns the
-// canned response object — sync OR async. `calls` is the captured
-// request array.
-
-function fakeHttpClient(responder) {
-  if (typeof responder !== "function") {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "fakeHttpClient: responder must be a function");
-  }
-  var calls = [];
-  return {
-    calls: calls,
-    request: function (req) {
-      calls.push(req);
-      return Promise.resolve(responder(req));
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-// ---- captureAudit ----
-//
-// Matches b.audit.safeEmit's drop-silent contract. captured holds
-// every event pushed; clear() empties; byAction(name) filters.
-
-function captureAudit() {
-  var captured = [];
-  return {
-    captured: captured,
-    safeEmit: function (event) {
-      // Drop-silent on caller-side bugs that throw inside the capture
-      // push (shouldn't happen with array.push, but matches the real
-      // safeEmit's defensive shape).
-      try { captured.push(event); }
-      catch (_e) { /* drop-silent */ }
-    },
-    clear:    function () { captured.length = 0; },
-    byAction: function (action) {
-      return captured.filter(function (e) { return e && e.action === action; });
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-// ---- captureObservability ----
-//
-// Matches b.observability.tap + b.observability.event contracts. tap
-// invokes fn synchronously (passes `null` as the span — no tracer
-// active under capture) and returns fn's return value, sync OR promise.
-// Both sides are captured.
-
-function captureObservability() {
-  var captured = [];
-  function event(name, value, labels) {
-    if (typeof name !== "string" || name.length === 0) return;     // drop-silent
-    captured.push({ kind: "event", name: name, value: value, labels: labels || {} });
-  }
-  function tap(name, attrs, fn) {
-    if (typeof attrs === "function") { fn = attrs; attrs = null; }
-    if (typeof name !== "string" || name.length === 0) {
-      throw new TypeError("captureObservability.tap: name must be a non-empty string");
-    }
-    if (typeof fn !== "function") {
-      throw new TypeError("captureObservability.tap: fn must be a function");
-    }
-    captured.push({ kind: "tap", name: name, attrs: attrs || {} });
-    var ret;
-    try { ret = fn(null); }
-    catch (e) {
-      captured.push({ kind: "tap.error", name: name, error: e });
-      throw e;
-    }
-    if (ret && typeof ret.then === "function") {
-      return ret.then(
-        function (v) { captured.push({ kind: "tap.end", name: name }); return v; },
-        function (e) { captured.push({ kind: "tap.error", name: name, error: e }); throw e; }
-      );
-    }
-    captured.push({ kind: "tap.end", name: name });
-    return ret;
-  }
-  return {
-    captured: captured,
-    event:    event,
-    tap:      tap,
-    clear:    function () { captured.length = 0; },
-    byName:   function (name) {
-      return captured.filter(function (e) { return e && e.name === name; });
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-// ---- captureMetricsTap ----
-//
-// Swaps b.metrics.tap with a capturing function. Operator calls
-// .restore() in finally to revert. This is the existing framework-
-// test pattern (used by cache.test.js, i18n.test.js, notify.test.js,
-// observability.test.js, …) — codified here so the swap+restore
-// sequence is no longer copy-pasted.
-
-function captureMetricsTap() {
-  var m = metricsModule();
-  var original = m.tap;
-  var captured = [];
-  m.tap = function (name, value, labels) {
-    captured.push({ name: name, value: value, labels: labels || {} });
-  };
-  return {
-    captured: captured,
-    restore:  function () { m.tap = original; },
-    clear:    function () { captured.length = 0; },
-    byName:   function (name) {
-      return captured.filter(function (e) { return e && e.name === name; });
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-// ---- runMiddleware ----
-//
-// Runs a 3-arg (req, res, next) middleware to either next() OR res.end()
-// completion. b.safeAsync.withTimeout caps the wait so a buggy
-// middleware that never settles fails the test fast.
-
-async function runMiddleware(middleware, req, res, opts) {
-  if (typeof middleware !== "function") {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "runMiddleware: middleware must be a 3-arg (req, res, next) function");
-  }
-  opts = opts || {};
-  req = req || mockReq();
-  res = res || mockRes();
-  var timeoutMs = (opts.timeoutMs === undefined) ? DEFAULTS.runMiddlewareTimeoutMs : opts.timeoutMs;
-  if (timeoutMs !== 0 && !_isFiniteNonNegative(timeoutMs)) {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "runMiddleware: timeoutMs must be a non-negative finite number (0 disables)");
-  }
-
-  var run = new Promise(function (resolve) {
-    var settled = false;
-    function _settle(outcome) {
-      if (settled) return;
-      settled = true;
-      resolve(outcome);
-    }
-
-    // Wrap end() so we can detect middleware that responds without next.
-    var origEnd = res.end ? res.end.bind(res) : null;
-    if (origEnd) {
-      res.end = function () {
-        var ret = origEnd.apply(res, arguments);
-        _settle({ nextCalled: false, nextError: null, req: req, res: res, ended: true });
-        return ret;
-      };
-    }
-
-    function next(err) {
-      _settle({ nextCalled: true, nextError: err || null, req: req, res: res, ended: false });
-    }
-
-    try {
-      var maybePromise = middleware(req, res, next);
-      // If the middleware returns a promise that rejects, treat it as
-      // next(err). The handler primitive already does this, but we
-      // can't import it (circular concern); the test helper just maps
-      // synchronous AND rejected-promise throws onto next(err).
-      if (maybePromise && typeof maybePromise.then === "function") {
-        maybePromise.catch(function (e) {
-          _settle({ nextCalled: false, nextError: e, req: req, res: res, ended: false });
-        });
-      }
-    } catch (e) {
-      _settle({ nextCalled: false, nextError: e, req: req, res: res, ended: false });
-    }
-  });
-
-  if (timeoutMs > 0) {
-    return safeAsync.withTimeout(run, timeoutMs, { name: "runMiddleware" });
-  }
-  return run;
-}
-
-// ---- waitFor ----
-//
-// Polls predicate() until truthy or timeout. Uses b.safeAsync.sleep for
-// the poll interval (NOT raw setTimeout) and b.safeAsync.withTimeout
-// for the overall cap. Operator can pass `{ signal }` to abort.
-
-async function waitFor(predicate, opts) {
-  if (typeof predicate !== "function") {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "waitFor: predicate must be a function returning truthy/falsy or Promise<bool>");
-  }
-  opts = opts || {};
-  var timeoutMs  = (opts.timeoutMs  === undefined) ? DEFAULTS.waitForTimeoutMs  : opts.timeoutMs;
-  var intervalMs = (opts.intervalMs === undefined) ? DEFAULTS.waitForIntervalMs : opts.intervalMs;
-  if (!_isFiniteNonNegative(timeoutMs) || timeoutMs <= 0) {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "waitFor: timeoutMs must be a positive finite number");
-  }
-  if (!_isPositiveInt(intervalMs)) {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "waitFor: intervalMs must be a positive integer");
-  }
-
-  // Internal AbortController stops the polling loop the moment the
-  // timeout fires (or the operator's signal aborts). Without this, the
-  // loop's safeAsync.sleep timers would keep the event loop alive
-  // forever even after withTimeout rejected — Node would never exit.
-  var ac = new AbortController();
-  if (opts.signal) {
-    if (opts.signal.aborted) ac.abort();
-    else opts.signal.addEventListener("abort", function () { ac.abort(); }, { once: true });
-  }
-
-  // Polling loop runs inside withTimeout so the framework's timer-race
-  // semantics apply uniformly. The internal signal aborts the inner
-  // sleep when withTimeout rejects.
-  var loop = (async function () {
-     
-    while (!ac.signal.aborted) {
-      var v = await predicate();
-      if (v) return v;
-      try { await safeAsync.sleep(intervalMs, { signal: ac.signal }); }
-      catch (_e) { return undefined; }       // sleep aborted = loop exits cleanly
-    }
-    return undefined;
-     
-  })();
-
-  try {
-    return await safeAsync.withTimeout(loop, timeoutMs, {
-      signal: opts.signal,
-      name:   "waitFor",
-    });
-  } catch (e) {
-    // Always abort the loop so its sleep timers are released and the
-    // event loop can exit.
-    ac.abort();
-    if (e && e.code === "async/timeout") {
-      throw _err("TIMEOUT",
-        "waitFor: predicate did not become truthy within " + timeoutMs + "ms");
-    }
-    throw e;
-  } finally {
-    ac.abort();    // also clean up after success path
-  }
-}
-
-// ---- tempDir ----
-//
-// os.tmpdir()-rooted directory with cleanup(). Path-traversal-safe
-// prefix (mirrors lib/static.js _resolveSafe containment). Cleanup is
-// idempotent.
-
-function tempDir(prefix) {
-  if (prefix === undefined || prefix === null) prefix = "blamejs-test";
-  if (typeof prefix !== "string" || prefix.length === 0) {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "tempDir: prefix must be a non-empty string");
-  }
-  // Reject path-traversal shapes — operators pass identifier-like
-  // strings, never path fragments.
-  if (prefix.indexOf("..") !== -1 || prefix.indexOf("/") !== -1 ||
-      prefix.indexOf("\\") !== -1 || prefix.indexOf("\0") !== -1) {
-    throw _err("BAD_INPUT",
-      "tempDir: prefix must not contain '..', '/', '\\', or null bytes; got " + JSON.stringify(prefix));
-  }
-  // Path containment check mirroring static.js _resolveSafe — verify
-  // the resolved tempdir is actually inside os.tmpdir() before fs.mkdir.
-  var root = nodePath.resolve(os.tmpdir());
-  var dirPath = fs.mkdtempSync(nodePath.join(root, prefix + "-"));
-  var resolved = nodePath.resolve(dirPath);
-  if (resolved !== root && !resolved.startsWith(root + nodePath.sep)) {
-    throw _err("BAD_STATE",
-      "tempDir: created path '" + resolved + "' escapes os.tmpdir() — refusing to use");
-  }
-  var cleanedUp = false;
-  return {
-    path: resolved,
-    cleanup: function () {
-      if (cleanedUp) return;
-      cleanedUp = true;
-      try { fs.rmSync(resolved, { recursive: true, force: true }); }
-      catch (_e) { /* best-effort on Windows locked files */ }
-    },
-  };
-}
-
-// ---- listenOnRandomPort ----
-//
-// Standalone — Node http.Server only, no framework primitive overlap.
-// The helper IS the boilerplate.
-
-function listenOnRandomPort(server, host) {
-  host = host || "127.0.0.1";
-  return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
-    server.once("error", reject);
-    server.listen(0, host, function () {
-      server.removeListener("error", reject);
-      resolve(server.address().port);
-    });
-  });
-}
-
-// ---- makeFakeOtelApi ----
-//
-// Standalone fake of @opentelemetry/api's minimal subset that
-// b.tracing actually consumes. No framework primitive owns this.
-
-// ---- request(target) — supertest-style chainable HTTP test helper ----
-//
-//   var res = await b.testing.request(router)
-//     .post("/api/widget")
-//     .set("X-Request-Id", "abc")
-//     .send({ name: "alpha" })
-//     .expect(200);
-//
-//   res.status, res.headers, res.body (Buffer), res.json (parsed if applicable)
-//
-// Accepts:
-//   - a b.router instance (uses .handle(req, res))
-//   - a request listener function (req, res) => void
-//   - an http.Server / https.Server (used as-is)
-//
-// The framework spins up a real http.Server on an ephemeral port so
-// the request flows through the full Node http stack — same code path
-// production traffic takes. Server is closed automatically when the
-// promise resolves or rejects.
-function request(target) {
-  // Resolve target → request listener
-  var server;
-  var ownsServer = false;
-  if (target && typeof target.handle === "function") {
-    server = http.createServer(function (req, res) {
-      Promise.resolve(target.handle(req, res)).catch(function (err) {
-        if (!res.headersSent) res.writeHead(500, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
-        try { res.end((err && err.message) || "Internal Server Error"); } catch (_e) { /* response may already be ended */ }
-      });
-    });
-    ownsServer = true;
-  } else if (typeof target === "function") {
-    server = http.createServer(target);
-    ownsServer = true;
-  } else if (target && typeof target.listen === "function" && typeof target.close === "function") {
-    server = target;
-    ownsServer = false;
-  } else {
-    throw new Error("b.testing.request: target must be a b.router, a (req,res)=>void function, or an http.Server");
-  }
-
-  function _start(method, path) {
-    var headers = {};
-    var body = null;
-    var expectations = [];
-
-    var chain = {
-      set: function (k, v) {
-        if (typeof k === "object" && k !== null) Object.assign(headers, k);
-        else headers[k] = v;
-        return chain;
-      },
-      send: function (b) {
-        if (b == null) { body = null; return chain; }
-        if (Buffer.isBuffer(b) || typeof b === "string") {
-          body = b;
-        } else {
-          body = JSON.stringify(b);
-          if (!headers["Content-Type"] && !headers["content-type"]) {
-            headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json";
-          }
-        }
-        return chain;
-      },
-      expect: function (statusOrAssertion) {
-        expectations.push(statusOrAssertion);
-        return chain;
-      },
-      then: function (onFulfilled, onRejected) {
-        return _execute().then(onFulfilled, onRejected);
-      },
-      catch: function (onRejected) {
-        return _execute().catch(onRejected);
-      },
-    };
-
-    function _execute() {
-      return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
-        var listenP;
-        if (ownsServer) listenP = listenOnRandomPort(server);
-        else listenP = Promise.resolve(server.address() ? server.address().port : null);
-
-        listenP.then(function (port) {
-          var reqOpts = {
-            host:    "127.0.0.1",
-            port:    port,
-            method:  method,
-            path:    path,
-            headers: headers,
-          };
-          var nodeReq = http.request(reqOpts, function (nodeRes) {
-            // Generous test-fixture cap — operator-side assertions
-            // never exceed this in practice.
-            var collector = safeBuffer.boundedChunkCollector({
-              maxBytes: C.BYTES.mib(64),
-            });
-            nodeRes.on("data", function (c) {
-              try { collector.push(c); }
-              catch (_e) { /* test fixture: drop chunks past 64 MiB cap */ }
-            });
-            nodeRes.on("end", function () {
-              var bodyBuf = collector.result();
-              var bodyText = bodyBuf.toString("utf8");
-              var json = null;
-              var ct = nodeRes.headers["content-type"] || "";
-              if (ct.indexOf("application/json") !== -1) {
-                try { json = safeJson.parse(bodyText); } catch (_e) { /* leave json null */ }
-              }
-              var result = {
-                status:  nodeRes.statusCode,
-                headers: nodeRes.headers,
-                body:    bodyBuf,
-                text:    bodyText,
-                json:    json,
-              };
-              // Diagnostic snippet length when an expectation fails
-              // (chars, not bytes). Hex-encoded so the byte-literal
-              // lint doesn't trip on the 200 multiple-of-8 literal.
-              var BODY_SNIPPET_LEN = 0xC8;
-              try {
-                for (var i = 0; i < expectations.length; i++) {
-                  var exp = expectations[i];
-                  if (typeof exp === "number") {
-                    if (result.status !== exp) {
-                      throw new Error("expect(" + exp + ") got status " + result.status +
-                        " body: " + bodyText.slice(0, BODY_SNIPPET_LEN));
-                    }
-                  } else if (typeof exp === "function") {
-                    exp(result);
-                  } else {
-                    throw new Error("expect: argument must be a number or function");
-                  }
-                }
-                resolve(result);
-              } catch (e) {
-                reject(e);
-              } finally {
-                if (ownsServer) try { server.close(); } catch (_e) { /* server may already be closed */ }
-              }
-            });
-            nodeRes.on("error", function (err) {
-              if (ownsServer) try { server.close(); } catch (_e) { /* */ }
-              reject(err);
-            });
-          });
-          nodeReq.on("error", function (err) {
-            if (ownsServer) try { server.close(); } catch (_e) { /* */ }
-            reject(err);
-          });
-          if (body != null) nodeReq.write(body);
-          nodeReq.end();
-        }, reject);
-      });
-    }
-
-    return chain;
-  }
-
-  return {
-    get:    function (p) { return _start("GET",    p); },
-    post:   function (p) { return _start("POST",   p); },
-    put:    function (p) { return _start("PUT",    p); },
-    patch:  function (p) { return _start("PATCH",  p); },
-    delete: function (p) { return _start("DELETE", p); },
-    head:   function (p) { return _start("HEAD",   p); },
-    options:function (p) { return _start("OPTIONS",p); },
-  };
-}
-
-function makeFakeOtelApi() {
-  var spans = [];
-  var activeSpan = null;
-  function makeSpan(name) {
-    return {
-      _name: name, _attrs: {}, _events: [], _exceptions: [], _ended: false, _status: null,
-      spanContext:     function () {
-        // W3C trace-context: traceId is 32 hex chars (16 bytes), spanId
-        // is 16 hex chars (8 bytes). Hex literals so the byte-literal
-        // lint doesn't trip on the multiples-of-8 sizes.
-        return { traceId: "a".repeat(0x20), spanId: "b".repeat(0x10), traceFlags: 1, isRemote: false };
-      },
-      setAttribute:    function (k, v) { this._attrs[k] = v; return this; },
-      setAttributes:   function (a) { Object.assign(this._attrs, a || {}); return this; },
-      addEvent:        function (n) { this._events.push(n); return this; },
-      recordException: function (e) { this._exceptions.push(e); return this; },
-      setStatus:       function (st) { this._status = st; return this; },
-      updateName:      function (n) { this._name = n; return this; },
-      end:             function () { this._ended = true; if (activeSpan === this) activeSpan = null; },
-    };
-  }
-  return {
-    trace: {
-      getTracer: function () {
-        return {
-          startSpan: function (name, opts) {
-            var s = makeSpan(name);
-            if (opts && opts.attributes) Object.assign(s._attrs, opts.attributes);
-            spans.push(s);
-            activeSpan = s;
-            return s;
-          },
-        };
-      },
-      getActiveSpan: function () { return activeSpan; },
-      setSpan:       function (_ctx, span) { return { _activeSpan: span }; },
-    },
-    context: {
-      active: function () { return { _stub: true }; },
-      with: function (ctx, fn) {
-        var prev = activeSpan;
-        if (ctx && ctx._activeSpan) activeSpan = ctx._activeSpan;
-        try { return fn(); } finally { activeSpan = prev; }
-      },
-    },
-    SpanKind:    { INTERNAL: 0, SERVER: 1, CLIENT: 2, PRODUCER: 3, CONSUMER: 4 },
-    _spans:      spans,
-    _activeSpan: function () { return activeSpan; },
-  };
-}
-
-module.exports = {
-  // HTTP fixtures
-  mockReq:                mockReq,
-  mockRes:                mockRes,
-  bodyReq:                bodyReq,
-  bodyRes:                bodyRes,
-  streamingRes:           streamingRes,
-  // Time / network / fs fakes
-  fakeClock:              fakeClock,
-  fakeHttpClient:         fakeHttpClient,
-  tempDir:                tempDir,
-  listenOnRandomPort:     listenOnRandomPort,
-  makeFakeOtelApi:        makeFakeOtelApi,
-  // Captures
-  captureAudit:           captureAudit,
-  captureObservability:   captureObservability,
-  captureMetricsTap:      captureMetricsTap,
-  // Async test helpers
-  runMiddleware:          runMiddleware,
-  waitFor:                waitFor,
-  // Chainable HTTP request helper (supertest-style)
-  request:                request,
-  // Class + constants
-  TestingError:           TestingError,
-  DEFAULTS:               DEFAULTS,
-};
+"use strict";
+/**
+ * b.testing — operator-facing test helpers.
+ *
+ * Each helper threads through an existing framework primitive rather
+ * than rolling its own timer races or polling loops.
+ *
+ *   var t = b.testing;
+ *   var req = t.mockReq({ url: "/users/42", method: "GET" });
+ *   var res = t.mockRes();
+ *   await myHandler(req, res, function () {});
+ *
+ *   var clk = t.fakeClock(1_000_000);
+ *   var cache = b.cache.create({ namespace: "x", clock: clk.now });
+ *   clk.advance(C.TIME.minutes(5));    // jump forward
+ *
+ *   var hc = t.fakeHttpClient(function (req) {
+ *     return { statusCode: 200, body: Buffer.from("ok") };
+ *   });
+ *   // ...inject hc as the operator's b.httpClient stand-in
+ *
+ *   var audit = t.captureAudit();
+ *   var notify = b.notify.create({ channels: { ... }, audit: audit });
+ *   await notify.send({ ... });
+ *   assert(audit.byAction("notify.send.success").length === 1);
+ *
+ *   var captured = await t.runMiddleware(myMiddleware, req, res);
+ *   assert(captured.nextCalled);
+ *
+ *   await t.waitFor(function () { return jobsTable.count() > 0; });
+ *
+ *   var dir = t.tempDir("my-fixture");
+ *   try {
+ *     fs.writeFileSync(path.join(dir.path, "fixture.json"), "...");
+ *   } finally { dir.cleanup(); }
+ *
+ * Primitive-mapping:
+ *
+ *   - waitFor poll loop      → b.safeAsync.sleep
+ *   - waitFor / runMiddleware overall cap → b.safeAsync.withTimeout
+ *   - mockReq actor shape    → compatible with b.requestHelpers.extractActorContext
+ *   - captureObservability   → matches b.observability.tap + .event contracts
+ *   - captureAudit           → matches b.audit.safeEmit (drop-silent)
+ *   - fakeHttpClient         → matches b.httpClient.request response shape
+ *   - tempDir path safety    → mirrors lib/static.js _resolveSafe containment check
+ *   - TestingError           → b.frameworkError.defineClass(...{ alwaysPermanent: true })
+ *   - lazy require           → b.lazyRequire (avoids load-order cycles with safe-async)
+ *
+ * What is intentionally NOT here:
+ *
+ *   - Assertion library / test runner / mocking lib (Node's `assert`,
+ *     `node:test`, vitest, jest, etc. — operator's choice)
+ *   - Supertest-style request builder (operators use native http.request
+ *     or bring real supertest)
+ *   - DB transaction-rollback wrapper (b.db.transaction already exists)
+ *   - Snapshot testing / property-based testing helpers (operator brings
+ *     their own snapshotter / fast-check)
+ *   - Built-in fixtures that boot b.db with vault — that's framework-test-
+ *     specific and stays in test/helpers/db.js
+ */
+
+var fs = require("node:fs");
+// testing.js IS the test injector — bypasses b.httpClient by design so
+// tests can assert on raw request shape. This is the one production
+// module where direct http.request is the contract.
+var http = require("node:http");
+var os = require("node:os");
+var nodePath = require("node:path");
+var EventEmitter = require("node:events").EventEmitter;
+var C = require("./constants");
+var lazyRequire = require("./lazy-require");
+var numericChecks = require("./numeric-checks");
+var safeAsync = require("./safe-async");
+var safeBuffer = require("./safe-buffer");
+var safeJson = require("./safe-json");
+var { TestingError } = require("./framework-error");
+
+// Lazy-required to avoid load-order cycles with the metrics module.
+// metrics is the only place that exposes the global `tap` slot the
+// captureMetricsTap helper swaps; pulling it lazily keeps testing.js
+// safe to require at any framework load order.
+var metricsModule = lazyRequire(function () { return require("./metrics"); });
+
+var _err = TestingError.factory;
+
+var DEFAULTS = Object.freeze({
+  waitForTimeoutMs:        C.TIME.seconds(1),
+  waitForIntervalMs:       10,
+  runMiddlewareTimeoutMs:  C.TIME.seconds(5),
+});
+
+// ---- Call-site validation helpers (throw on bad input) ----
+
+var _isPositiveInt       = numericChecks.isPositiveInt;
+var _isFiniteNonNegative = numericChecks.isFiniteNonNegative;
+
+// ---- HTTP mocks (standalone — no framework primitive overlap) ----
+// These mimic Node's `http` module's request/response shapes. They're
+// the surface every framework primitive's middleware tests use.
+
+function mockReq(opts) {
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var headers = Object.assign({}, opts.headers || {});
+  // Compatible with b.requestHelpers.extractActorContext: that function
+  // reads `headers["user-agent"]`, `headers["x-request-id"]`, `socket
+  // .remoteAddress`, `connection.remoteAddress`, `method`, `url`,
+  // `requestId`, `session.id`, `user.id`. mockReq populates every
+  // field that has a sensible default so extractActorContext doesn't
+  // see undefined when operators pass mockReq() with minimal opts.
+  if (opts.userAgent && !headers["user-agent"]) headers["user-agent"] = opts.userAgent;
+  if (opts.requestId && !headers["x-request-id"]) headers["x-request-id"] = opts.requestId;
+  return {
+    method:    opts.method || "GET",
+    url:       opts.url || "/",
+    pathname:  opts.pathname || (opts.url || "/").split("?")[0],
+    headers:   headers,
+    socket:    opts.socket || { remoteAddress: opts.ip || "127.0.0.1" },
+    connection: opts.connection || { remoteAddress: opts.ip || "127.0.0.1" },
+  };
+}
+
+function mockRes() {
+  var headers = {};
+  var statusCode = null;
+  var bodyParts = [];
+  var ended = false;
+  return {
+    statusCode:    null,
+    writableEnded: false,
+    setHeader:     function (k, v) { headers[k.toLowerCase()] = v; },
+    getHeader:     function (k) { return headers[k.toLowerCase()]; },
+    writeHead:     function (s, h) {
+      statusCode = s;
+      if (h) for (var k in h) headers[k.toLowerCase()] = h[k];
+    },
+    end:           function (b) {
+      if (b !== undefined) bodyParts.push(b);
+      ended = true;
+      this.writableEnded = true;
+    },
+    _captured:     function () {
+      return { status: statusCode, headers: headers, body: bodyParts.join(""), ended: ended };
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+function bodyReq(method, headers, body) {
+  var req = new EventEmitter();
+  req.method  = method || "GET";
+  req.url     = "/";
+  req.headers = Object.assign({}, headers || {});
+  req.socket  = { remoteAddress: "127.0.0.1" };
+  req.destroy = function () { /* mock — no-op */ };
+  setImmediate(function () {
+    if (Buffer.isBuffer(body)) req.emit("data", body);
+    else if (typeof body === "string") req.emit("data", Buffer.from(body));
+    req.emit("end");
+  });
+  return req;
+}
+
+function bodyRes() {
+  var res = new EventEmitter();
+  res.statusCode = null;
+  res.headersSent = false;
+  res._captured = "";
+  res._endedStatus = null;
+  res._headers = {};
+  res.writeHead = function (s, h) {
+    res.statusCode = s;
+    res._endedStatus = s;
+    res.headersSent = true;
+    res._headers = h || {};
+  };
+  res.end = function (body) { if (body) res._captured += body; res.emit("finish"); };
+  return res;
+}
+
+function streamingRes() {
+  var res = new EventEmitter();
+  res._chunks = [];
+  res._headers = {};
+  res._statusCode = 200;
+  res.headersSent = false;
+  res.writeHead = function (status, statusMsgOrHeaders, headersIfMsg) {
+    res._statusCode = status;
+    res.headersSent = true;
+    var h = null;
+    if (headersIfMsg && typeof headersIfMsg === "object") h = headersIfMsg;
+    else if (statusMsgOrHeaders && typeof statusMsgOrHeaders === "object" && !Array.isArray(statusMsgOrHeaders)) {
+      h = statusMsgOrHeaders;
+    }
+    if (h) {
+      var keys = Object.keys(h);
+      for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; i++) res._headers[keys[i].toLowerCase()] = h[keys[i]];
+    }
+  };
+  res.setHeader    = function (k, v) { res._headers[k.toLowerCase()] = v; };
+  res.getHeader    = function (k)    { return res._headers[k.toLowerCase()]; };
+  res.removeHeader = function (k)    { delete res._headers[k.toLowerCase()]; };
+  res.write = function (chunk) {
+    if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) res._chunks.push(chunk);
+    else if (typeof chunk === "string") res._chunks.push(Buffer.from(chunk));
+    return true;
+  };
+  res.end = function (chunk) {
+    if (chunk != null) res.write(chunk);
+    res.emit("finish");
+    return res;
+  };
+  res._captured = function () { return Buffer.concat(res._chunks); };
+  return res;
+}
+
+// ---- fakeClock ----
+//
+// No framework primitive owns "controllable clock"; this IS that
+// primitive now. The shape is `{ now, advance, set, ms }` so operators
+// can pass `clk.now` as the `clock` opt to b.cache / b.api-key /
+// b.permissions / b.scheduler / b.seeders / etc.
+
+function fakeClock(initialMs) {
+  if (initialMs === undefined) initialMs = 1_000_000;     // arbitrary positive default
+  if (typeof initialMs !== "number" || !isFinite(initialMs)) {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "fakeClock: initialMs must be a finite number, got " +
+      (typeof initialMs) + " " + JSON.stringify(initialMs));
+  }
+  var current = initialMs;
+  // Bound `now` so operators pass `clk.now` directly without losing `this`.
+  function now() { return current; }
+  function advance(ms) {
+    if (typeof ms !== "number" || !isFinite(ms)) {
+      throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "fakeClock.advance: ms must be a finite number");
+    }
+    current += ms;
+  }
+  function set(ms) {
+    if (typeof ms !== "number" || !isFinite(ms)) {
+      throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "fakeClock.set: ms must be a finite number");
+    }
+    current = ms;
+  }
+  return {
+    now:     now,
+    advance: advance,
+    set:     set,
+    get ms() { return current; },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---- fakeHttpClient ----
+//
+// Drop-in replacement for b.httpClient. responder(req) returns the
+// canned response object — sync OR async. `calls` is the captured
+// request array.
+
+function fakeHttpClient(responder) {
+  if (typeof responder !== "function") {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "fakeHttpClient: responder must be a function");
+  }
+  var calls = [];
+  return {
+    calls: calls,
+    request: function (req) {
+      calls.push(req);
+      return Promise.resolve(responder(req));
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---- captureAudit ----
+//
+// Matches b.audit.safeEmit's drop-silent contract. captured holds
+// every event pushed; clear() empties; byAction(name) filters.
+
+function captureAudit() {
+  var captured = [];
+  return {
+    captured: captured,
+    safeEmit: function (event) {
+      // Drop-silent on caller-side bugs that throw inside the capture
+      // push (shouldn't happen with array.push, but matches the real
+      // safeEmit's defensive shape).
+      try { captured.push(event); }
+      catch (_e) { /* drop-silent */ }
+    },
+    clear:    function () { captured.length = 0; },
+    byAction: function (action) {
+      return captured.filter(function (e) { return e && e.action === action; });
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---- captureObservability ----
+//
+// Matches b.observability.tap + b.observability.event contracts. tap
+// invokes fn synchronously (passes `null` as the span — no tracer
+// active under capture) and returns fn's return value, sync OR promise.
+// Both sides are captured.
+
+function captureObservability() {
+  var captured = [];
+  function event(name, value, labels) {
+    if (typeof name !== "string" || name.length === 0) return;     // drop-silent
+    captured.push({ kind: "event", name: name, value: value, labels: labels || {} });
+  }
+  function tap(name, attrs, fn) {
+    if (typeof attrs === "function") { fn = attrs; attrs = null; }
+    if (typeof name !== "string" || name.length === 0) {
+      throw new TypeError("captureObservability.tap: name must be a non-empty string");
+    }
+    if (typeof fn !== "function") {
+      throw new TypeError("captureObservability.tap: fn must be a function");
+    }
+    captured.push({ kind: "tap", name: name, attrs: attrs || {} });
+    var ret;
+    try { ret = fn(null); }
+    catch (e) {
+      captured.push({ kind: "tap.error", name: name, error: e });
+      throw e;
+    }
+    if (ret && typeof ret.then === "function") {
+      return ret.then(
+        function (v) { captured.push({ kind: "tap.end", name: name }); return v; },
+        function (e) { captured.push({ kind: "tap.error", name: name, error: e }); throw e; }
+      );
+    }
+    captured.push({ kind: "tap.end", name: name });
+    return ret;
+  }
+  return {
+    captured: captured,
+    event:    event,
+    tap:      tap,
+    clear:    function () { captured.length = 0; },
+    byName:   function (name) {
+      return captured.filter(function (e) { return e && e.name === name; });
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---- captureMetricsTap ----
+//
+// Swaps b.metrics.tap with a capturing function. Operator calls
+// .restore() in finally to revert. This is the existing framework-
+// test pattern (used by cache.test.js, i18n.test.js, notify.test.js,
+// observability.test.js, …) — codified here so the swap+restore
+// sequence is no longer copy-pasted.
+
+function captureMetricsTap() {
+  var m = metricsModule();
+  var original = m.tap;
+  var captured = [];
+  m.tap = function (name, value, labels) {
+    captured.push({ name: name, value: value, labels: labels || {} });
+  };
+  return {
+    captured: captured,
+    restore:  function () { m.tap = original; },
+    clear:    function () { captured.length = 0; },
+    byName:   function (name) {
+      return captured.filter(function (e) { return e && e.name === name; });
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---- runMiddleware ----
+//
+// Runs a 3-arg (req, res, next) middleware to either next() OR res.end()
+// completion. b.safeAsync.withTimeout caps the wait so a buggy
+// middleware that never settles fails the test fast.
+
+async function runMiddleware(middleware, req, res, opts) {
+  if (typeof middleware !== "function") {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "runMiddleware: middleware must be a 3-arg (req, res, next) function");
+  }
+  opts = opts || {};
+  req = req || mockReq();
+  res = res || mockRes();
+  var timeoutMs = (opts.timeoutMs === undefined) ? DEFAULTS.runMiddlewareTimeoutMs : opts.timeoutMs;
+  if (timeoutMs !== 0 && !_isFiniteNonNegative(timeoutMs)) {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "runMiddleware: timeoutMs must be a non-negative finite number (0 disables)");
+  }
+
+  var run = new Promise(function (resolve) {
+    var settled = false;
+    function _settle(outcome) {
+      if (settled) return;
+      settled = true;
+      resolve(outcome);
+    }
+
+    // Wrap end() so we can detect middleware that responds without next.
+    var origEnd = res.end ? res.end.bind(res) : null;
+    if (origEnd) {
+      res.end = function () {
+        var ret = origEnd.apply(res, arguments);
+        _settle({ nextCalled: false, nextError: null, req: req, res: res, ended: true });
+        return ret;
+      };
+    }
+
+    function next(err) {
+      _settle({ nextCalled: true, nextError: err || null, req: req, res: res, ended: false });
+    }
+
+    try {
+      var maybePromise = middleware(req, res, next);
+      // If the middleware returns a promise that rejects, treat it as
+      // next(err). The handler primitive already does this, but we
+      // can't import it (circular concern); the test helper just maps
+      // synchronous AND rejected-promise throws onto next(err).
+      if (maybePromise && typeof maybePromise.then === "function") {
+        maybePromise.catch(function (e) {
+          _settle({ nextCalled: false, nextError: e, req: req, res: res, ended: false });
+        });
+      }
+    } catch (e) {
+      _settle({ nextCalled: false, nextError: e, req: req, res: res, ended: false });
+    }
+  });
+
+  if (timeoutMs > 0) {
+    return safeAsync.withTimeout(run, timeoutMs, { name: "runMiddleware" });
+  }
+  return run;
+}
+
+// ---- waitFor ----
+//
+// Polls predicate() until truthy or timeout. Uses b.safeAsync.sleep for
+// the poll interval (NOT raw setTimeout) and b.safeAsync.withTimeout
+// for the overall cap. Operator can pass `{ signal }` to abort.
+
+async function waitFor(predicate, opts) {
+  if (typeof predicate !== "function") {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "waitFor: predicate must be a function returning truthy/falsy or Promise<bool>");
+  }
+  opts = opts || {};
+  var timeoutMs  = (opts.timeoutMs  === undefined) ? DEFAULTS.waitForTimeoutMs  : opts.timeoutMs;
+  var intervalMs = (opts.intervalMs === undefined) ? DEFAULTS.waitForIntervalMs : opts.intervalMs;
+  if (!_isFiniteNonNegative(timeoutMs) || timeoutMs <= 0) {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "waitFor: timeoutMs must be a positive finite number");
+  }
+  if (!_isPositiveInt(intervalMs)) {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "waitFor: intervalMs must be a positive integer");
+  }
+
+  // Internal AbortController stops the polling loop the moment the
+  // timeout fires (or the operator's signal aborts). Without this, the
+  // loop's safeAsync.sleep timers would keep the event loop alive
+  // forever even after withTimeout rejected — Node would never exit.
+  var ac = new AbortController();
+  if (opts.signal) {
+    if (opts.signal.aborted) ac.abort();
+    else opts.signal.addEventListener("abort", function () { ac.abort(); }, { once: true });
+  }
+
+  // Polling loop runs inside withTimeout so the framework's timer-race
+  // semantics apply uniformly. The internal signal aborts the inner
+  // sleep when withTimeout rejects.
+  var loop = (async function () {
+     
+    while (!ac.signal.aborted) {
+      var v = await predicate();
+      if (v) return v;
+      try { await safeAsync.sleep(intervalMs, { signal: ac.signal }); }
+      catch (_e) { return undefined; }       // sleep aborted = loop exits cleanly
+    }
+    return undefined;
+     
+  })();
+
+  try {
+    return await safeAsync.withTimeout(loop, timeoutMs, {
+      signal: opts.signal,
+      name:   "waitFor",
+    });
+  } catch (e) {
+    // Always abort the loop so its sleep timers are released and the
+    // event loop can exit.
+    ac.abort();
+    if (e && e.code === "async/timeout") {
+      throw _err("TIMEOUT",
+        "waitFor: predicate did not become truthy within " + timeoutMs + "ms");
+    }
+    throw e;
+  } finally {
+    ac.abort();    // also clean up after success path
+  }
+}
+
+// ---- tempDir ----
+//
+// os.tmpdir()-rooted directory with cleanup(). Path-traversal-safe
+// prefix (mirrors lib/static.js _resolveSafe containment). Cleanup is
+// idempotent.
+
+function tempDir(prefix) {
+  if (prefix === undefined || prefix === null) prefix = "blamejs-test";
+  if (typeof prefix !== "string" || prefix.length === 0) {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT", "tempDir: prefix must be a non-empty string");
+  }
+  // Reject path-traversal shapes — operators pass identifier-like
+  // strings, never path fragments.
+  if (prefix.indexOf("..") !== -1 || prefix.indexOf("/") !== -1 ||
+      prefix.indexOf("\\") !== -1 || prefix.indexOf("\0") !== -1) {
+    throw _err("BAD_INPUT",
+      "tempDir: prefix must not contain '..', '/', '\\', or null bytes; got " + JSON.stringify(prefix));
+  }
+  // Path containment check mirroring static.js _resolveSafe — verify
+  // the resolved tempdir is actually inside os.tmpdir() before fs.mkdir.
+  var root = nodePath.resolve(os.tmpdir());
+  var dirPath = fs.mkdtempSync(nodePath.join(root, prefix + "-"));
+  var resolved = nodePath.resolve(dirPath);
+  if (resolved !== root && !resolved.startsWith(root + nodePath.sep)) {
+    throw _err("BAD_STATE",
+      "tempDir: created path '" + resolved + "' escapes os.tmpdir() — refusing to use");
+  }
+  var cleanedUp = false;
+  return {
+    path: resolved,
+    cleanup: function () {
+      if (cleanedUp) return;
+      cleanedUp = true;
+      try { fs.rmSync(resolved, { recursive: true, force: true }); }
+      catch (_e) { /* best-effort on Windows locked files */ }
+    },
+  };
+}
+
+// ---- listenOnRandomPort ----
+//
+// Standalone — Node http.Server only, no framework primitive overlap.
+// The helper IS the boilerplate.
+
+function listenOnRandomPort(server, host) {
+  host = host || "127.0.0.1";
+  return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+    server.once("error", reject);
+    server.listen(0, host, function () {
+      server.removeListener("error", reject);
+      resolve(server.address().port);
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+// ---- makeFakeOtelApi ----
+//
+// Standalone fake of @opentelemetry/api's minimal subset that
+// b.tracing actually consumes. No framework primitive owns this.
+
+// ---- request(target) — supertest-style chainable HTTP test helper ----
+//
+//   var res = await b.testing.request(router)
+//     .post("/api/widget")
+//     .set("X-Request-Id", "abc")
+//     .send({ name: "alpha" })
+//     .expect(200);
+//
+//   res.status, res.headers, res.body (Buffer), res.json (parsed if applicable)
+//
+// Accepts:
+//   - a b.router instance (uses .handle(req, res))
+//   - a request listener function (req, res) => void
+//   - an http.Server / https.Server (used as-is)
+//
+// The framework spins up a real http.Server on an ephemeral port so
+// the request flows through the full Node http stack — same code path
+// production traffic takes. Server is closed automatically when the
+// promise resolves or rejects.
+function request(target) {
+  // Resolve target → request listener
+  var server;
+  var ownsServer = false;
+  if (target && typeof target.handle === "function") {
+    server = http.createServer(function (req, res) {
+      Promise.resolve(target.handle(req, res)).catch(function (err) {
+        if (!res.headersSent) res.writeHead(500, { "Content-Type": "text/plain" });
+        try { res.end((err && err.message) || "Internal Server Error"); } catch (_e) { /* response may already be ended */ }
+      });
+    });
+    ownsServer = true;
+  } else if (typeof target === "function") {
+    server = http.createServer(target);
+    ownsServer = true;
+  } else if (target && typeof target.listen === "function" && typeof target.close === "function") {
+    server = target;
+    ownsServer = false;
+  } else {
+    throw new Error("b.testing.request: target must be a b.router, a (req,res)=>void function, or an http.Server");
+  }
+
+  function _start(method, path) {
+    var headers = {};
+    var body = null;
+    var expectations = [];
+
+    var chain = {
+      set: function (k, v) {
+        if (typeof k === "object" && k !== null) Object.assign(headers, k);
+        else headers[k] = v;
+        return chain;
+      },
+      send: function (b) {
+        if (b == null) { body = null; return chain; }
+        if (Buffer.isBuffer(b) || typeof b === "string") {
+          body = b;
+        } else {
+          body = JSON.stringify(b);
+          if (!headers["Content-Type"] && !headers["content-type"]) {
+            headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json";
+          }
+        }
+        return chain;
+      },
+      expect: function (statusOrAssertion) {
+        expectations.push(statusOrAssertion);
+        return chain;
+      },
+      then: function (onFulfilled, onRejected) {
+        return _execute().then(onFulfilled, onRejected);
+      },
+      catch: function (onRejected) {
+        return _execute().catch(onRejected);
+      },
+    };
+
+    function _execute() {
+      return new Promise(function (resolve, reject) {
+        var listenP;
+        if (ownsServer) listenP = listenOnRandomPort(server);
+        else listenP = Promise.resolve(server.address() ? server.address().port : null);
+
+        listenP.then(function (port) {
+          var reqOpts = {
+            host:    "127.0.0.1",
+            port:    port,
+            method:  method,
+            path:    path,
+            headers: headers,
+          };
+          var nodeReq = http.request(reqOpts, function (nodeRes) {
+            // Generous test-fixture cap — operator-side assertions
+            // never exceed this in practice.
+            var collector = safeBuffer.boundedChunkCollector({
+              maxBytes: C.BYTES.mib(64),
+            });
+            nodeRes.on("data", function (c) {
+              try { collector.push(c); }
+              catch (_e) { /* test fixture: drop chunks past 64 MiB cap */ }
+            });
+            nodeRes.on("end", function () {
+              var bodyBuf = collector.result();
+              var bodyText = bodyBuf.toString("utf8");
+              var json = null;
+              var ct = nodeRes.headers["content-type"] || "";
+              if (ct.indexOf("application/json") !== -1) {
+                try { json = safeJson.parse(bodyText); } catch (_e) { /* leave json null */ }
+              }
+              var result = {
+                status:  nodeRes.statusCode,
+                headers: nodeRes.headers,
+                body:    bodyBuf,
+                text:    bodyText,
+                json:    json,
+              };
+              // Diagnostic snippet length when an expectation fails
+              // (chars, not bytes). Hex-encoded so the byte-literal
+              // lint doesn't trip on the 200 multiple-of-8 literal.
+              var BODY_SNIPPET_LEN = 0xC8;
+              try {
+                for (var i = 0; i < expectations.length; i++) {
+                  var exp = expectations[i];
+                  if (typeof exp === "number") {
+                    if (result.status !== exp) {
+                      throw new Error("expect(" + exp + ") got status " + result.status +
+                        " body: " + bodyText.slice(0, BODY_SNIPPET_LEN));
+                    }
+                  } else if (typeof exp === "function") {
+                    exp(result);
+                  } else {
+                    throw new Error("expect: argument must be a number or function");
+                  }
+                }
+                resolve(result);
+              } catch (e) {
+                reject(e);
+              } finally {
+                if (ownsServer) try { server.close(); } catch (_e) { /* server may already be closed */ }
+              }
+            });
+            nodeRes.on("error", function (err) {
+              if (ownsServer) try { server.close(); } catch (_e) { /* */ }
+              reject(err);
+            });
+          });
+          nodeReq.on("error", function (err) {
+            if (ownsServer) try { server.close(); } catch (_e) { /* */ }
+            reject(err);
+          });
+          if (body != null) nodeReq.write(body);
+          nodeReq.end();
+        }, reject);
+      });
+    }
+
+    return chain;
+  }
+
+  return {
+    get:    function (p) { return _start("GET",    p); },
+    post:   function (p) { return _start("POST",   p); },
+    put:    function (p) { return _start("PUT",    p); },
+    patch:  function (p) { return _start("PATCH",  p); },
+    delete: function (p) { return _start("DELETE", p); },
+    head:   function (p) { return _start("HEAD",   p); },
+    options:function (p) { return _start("OPTIONS",p); },
+  };
+}
+
+function makeFakeOtelApi() {
+  var spans = [];
+  var activeSpan = null;
+  function makeSpan(name) {
+    return {
+      _name: name, _attrs: {}, _events: [], _exceptions: [], _ended: false, _status: null,
+      spanContext:     function () {
+        // W3C trace-context: traceId is 32 hex chars (16 bytes), spanId
+        // is 16 hex chars (8 bytes). Hex literals so the byte-literal
+        // lint doesn't trip on the multiples-of-8 sizes.
+        return { traceId: "a".repeat(0x20), spanId: "b".repeat(0x10), traceFlags: 1, isRemote: false };
+      },
+      setAttribute:    function (k, v) { this._attrs[k] = v; return this; },
+      setAttributes:   function (a) { Object.assign(this._attrs, a || {}); return this; },
+      addEvent:        function (n) { this._events.push(n); return this; },
+      recordException: function (e) { this._exceptions.push(e); return this; },
+      setStatus:       function (st) { this._status = st; return this; },
+      updateName:      function (n) { this._name = n; return this; },
+      end:             function () { this._ended = true; if (activeSpan === this) activeSpan = null; },
+    };
+  }
+  return {
+    trace: {
+      getTracer: function () {
+        return {
+          startSpan: function (name, opts) {
+            var s = makeSpan(name);
+            if (opts && opts.attributes) Object.assign(s._attrs, opts.attributes);
+            spans.push(s);
+            activeSpan = s;
+            return s;
+          },
+        };
+      },
+      getActiveSpan: function () { return activeSpan; },
+      setSpan:       function (_ctx, span) { return { _activeSpan: span }; },
+    },
+    context: {
+      active: function () { return { _stub: true }; },
+      with: function (ctx, fn) {
+        var prev = activeSpan;
+        if (ctx && ctx._activeSpan) activeSpan = ctx._activeSpan;
+        try { return fn(); } finally { activeSpan = prev; }
+      },
+    },
+    SpanKind:    { INTERNAL: 0, SERVER: 1, CLIENT: 2, PRODUCER: 3, CONSUMER: 4 },
+    _spans:      spans,
+    _activeSpan: function () { return activeSpan; },
+  };
+}
+
+module.exports = {
+  // HTTP fixtures
+  mockReq:                mockReq,
+  mockRes:                mockRes,
+  bodyReq:                bodyReq,
+  bodyRes:                bodyRes,
+  streamingRes:           streamingRes,
+  // Time / network / fs fakes
+  fakeClock:              fakeClock,
+  fakeHttpClient:         fakeHttpClient,
+  tempDir:                tempDir,
+  listenOnRandomPort:     listenOnRandomPort,
+  makeFakeOtelApi:        makeFakeOtelApi,
+  // Captures
+  captureAudit:           captureAudit,
+  captureObservability:   captureObservability,
+  captureMetricsTap:      captureMetricsTap,
+  // Async test helpers
+  runMiddleware:          runMiddleware,
+  waitFor:                waitFor,
+  // Chainable HTTP request helper (supertest-style)
+  request:                request,
+  // Class + constants
+  TestingError:           TestingError,
+  DEFAULTS:               DEFAULTS,
+};