@bitpoolos/edge-bacnet 1.1.7 → 1.2.1

package/resources/node-bacnet/lib/client.js

@@ -1,1695 +0,0 @@
-'use strict';
-
-// Util Modules
-const EventEmitter      = require('events').EventEmitter;
-const debug             = require('debug')('bacnet:client:debug');
-const trace             = require('debug')('bacnet:client:trace');
-const usc               = require('underscore');
-
-// Local Modules
-const baTransport       = require('./transport');
-const baServices        = require('./services');
-const baAsn1            = require('./asn1');
-const baApdu            = require('./apdu');
-const baNpdu            = require('./npdu');
-const baBvlc            = require('./bvlc');
-const baEnum            = require('./enum');
-
-const ALL_INTERFACES = '0.0.0.0';
-const LOCALHOST_INTERFACES_IPV4 = '127.0.0.1';
-const BROADCAST_ADDRESS = '255.255.255.255';
-const DEFAULT_HOP_COUNT = 0xFF;
-const BVLC_HEADER_LENGTH = 4;
-const BVLC_FWD_HEADER_LENGTH = 10; // FORWARDED_NPDU
-
-const beU = baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice;
-const unconfirmedServiceMap = {
-  [beU.I_AM]:                           'iAm',
-  [beU.WHO_IS]:                         'whoIs',
-  [beU.WHO_HAS]:                        'whoHas',
-  [beU.UNCONFIRMED_COV_NOTIFICATION]:   'covNotifyUnconfirmed',
-  [beU.TIME_SYNCHRONIZATION]:           'timeSync',
-  [beU.UTC_TIME_SYNCHRONIZATION]:       'timeSyncUTC',
-  [beU.UNCONFIRMED_EVENT_NOTIFICATION]: 'eventNotify',
-  [beU.I_HAVE]:                         'iHave',
-  [beU.UNCONFIRMED_PRIVATE_TRANSFER]:   'privateTransfer',
-};
-const beC = baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice;
-const confirmedServiceMap = {
-  [beC.READ_PROPERTY]:                'readProperty',
-  [beC.WRITE_PROPERTY]:               'writeProperty',
-  [beC.READ_PROPERTY_MULTIPLE]:       'readPropertyMultiple',
-  [beC.WRITE_PROPERTY_MULTIPLE]:      'writePropertyMultiple',
-  [beC.CONFIRMED_COV_NOTIFICATION]:   'covNotify',
-  [beC.ATOMIC_WRITE_FILE]:            'atomicWriteFile',
-  [beC.ATOMIC_READ_FILE]:             'atomicReadFile',
-  [beC.SUBSCRIBE_COV]:                'subscribeCov',
-  [beC.SUBSCRIBE_COV_PROPERTY]:       'subscribeProperty',
-  [beC.DEVICE_COMMUNICATION_CONTROL]: 'deviceCommunicationControl',
-  [beC.REINITIALIZE_DEVICE]:          'reinitializeDevice',
-  [beC.CONFIRMED_EVENT_NOTIFICATION]: 'eventNotify',
-  [beC.READ_RANGE]:                   'readRange',
-  [beC.CREATE_OBJECT]:                'createObject',
-  [beC.DELETE_OBJECT]:                'deleteObject',
-  [beC.ACKNOWLEDGE_ALARM]:            'alarmAcknowledge',
-  [beC.GET_ALARM_SUMMARY]:            'getAlarmSummary',
-  [beC.GET_ENROLLMENT_SUMMARY]:       'getEnrollmentSummary',
-  [beC.GET_EVENT_INFORMATION]:        'getEventInformation',
-  [beC.LIFE_SAFETY_OPERATION]:        'lifeSafetyOperation',
-  [beC.ADD_LIST_ELEMENT]:             'addListElement',
-  [beC.REMOVE_LIST_ELEMENT]:          'removeListElement',
-  [beC.CONFIRMED_PRIVATE_TRANSFER]:   'privateTransfer',
-};
-
-/**
- * To be able to communicate to BACNET devices, you have to initialize a new bacnet instance.
- * @class bacnet
- * @param {object=} this._settings - The options object used for parameterizing the bacnet.
- * @param {number=} [options.port=47808] - BACNET communication port for listening and sending.
- * @param {string=} options.interface - Specific BACNET communication interface if different from primary one.
- * @param {string=} [options.broadcastAddress=255.255.255.255] - The address used for broadcast messages.
- * @param {number=} [options.apduTimeout=3000] - The timeout in milliseconds until a transaction should be interpreted as error.
- * @example
- * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
- *
- * const client = new bacnet({
- *   port: 47809,                          // Use BAC1 as communication port
- *   interface: '192.168.251.10',          // Listen on a specific interface
- *   broadcastAddress: '192.168.251.255',  // Use the subnet broadcast address
- *   apduTimeout: 6000                     // Wait twice as long for response
- * });
- */
-class Client extends EventEmitter {
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param options
-   */
-  constructor(options) {
-    super();
-
-    options = options || {};
-
-    this._invokeCounter = 1;
-    this._invokeStore = {};
-
-    this._lastSequenceNumber = 0;
-    this._segmentStore = [];
-
-    this._settings = {
-      port: options.port || 47808,
-      interface: options.interface || ALL_INTERFACES,
-      transport: options.transport,
-      broadcastAddress: options.broadcastAddress || BROADCAST_ADDRESS,
-      apduTimeout: options.apduTimeout || 3000
-    };
-
-    options.reuseAddr = options.reuseAddr === undefined ? true : !!options.reuseAddr;
-
-    this._transport = this._settings.transport || new baTransport({
-      port: this._settings.port,
-      interface: this._settings.interface,
-      broadcastAddress: this._settings.broadcastAddress,
-      reuseAddr: options.reuseAddr
-    });
-
-    // Setup code
-    this._transport.on('message', this._receiveData.bind(this));
-    this._transport.on('error', this._receiveError.bind(this));
-    this._transport.on('listening', () => this.emit('listening'));
-    this._transport.open();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @returns {number}
-   * @private
-   */
-  _getInvokeId() {
-    const id = this._invokeCounter++;
-    if (id >= 256) this._invokeCounter = 1;
-    return id - 1;
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param id
-   * @param err
-   * @param result
-   * @returns {*}
-   * @private
-   */
-  _invokeCallback(id, err, result) {
-    const callback = this._invokeStore[id];
-    if (callback) {
-      return void callback(err, result);
-    }
-    debug('InvokeId', id, 'not found -> drop package');
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param id
-   * @param callback
-   * @private
-   */
-  _addCallback(id, callback) {
-    const timeout = setTimeout(() => {
-      delete this._invokeStore[id];
-      callback(new Error('ERR_TIMEOUT'));
-    }, this._settings.apduTimeout);
-    this._invokeStore[id] = (err, data) => {
-      clearTimeout(timeout);
-      delete this._invokeStore[id];
-      callback(err, data);
-    };
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param isForwarded
-   * @returns {{offset: (number), buffer: *}}
-   * @private
-   */
-  _getBuffer(isForwarded) {
-    return Object.assign({}, {
-      buffer: Buffer.alloc(this._transport.getMaxPayload()),
-      offset: isForwarded ? BVLC_FWD_HEADER_LENGTH : BVLC_HEADER_LENGTH
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param invokeId
-   * @param buffer
-   * @param offset
-   * @param length
-   * @returns {*}
-   * @private
-   */
-  _processError(invokeId, buffer, offset, length) {
-    const result = baServices.error.decode(buffer, offset, length);
-    trace('Received error:', result);
-    if (!result) {
-      return debug('Couldn`t decode Error');
-    }
-    const err = new Error(baServices.error.buildMessage(result));
-    err.bacnetErrorClass = result.class;
-    err.bacnetErrorCode = result.code;
-    this._invokeCallback(invokeId, err);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param invokeId
-   * @param reason
-   * @private
-   */
-  _processAbort(invokeId, reason) {
-    const err = new Error('BacnetAbort - Reason:' + reason);
-    err.bacnetAbortReason = reason;
-    this._invokeCallback(invokeId, err);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param negative
-   * @param server
-   * @param originalInvokeId
-   * @param sequencenumber
-   * @param actualWindowSize
-   * @private
-   */
-  _segmentAckResponse(receiver, negative, server, originalInvokeId, sequencenumber, actualWindowSize) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver, null, DEFAULT_HOP_COUNT, baEnum.NetworkLayerMessageType.WHO_IS_ROUTER_TO_NETWORK, 0);
-    baApdu.encodeSegmentAck(buffer, baEnum.PduType.SEGMENT_ACK | (negative ? baEnum.PduSegAckBit.NEGATIVE_ACK : 0) | (server ? baEnum.PduSegAckBit.SERVER : 0), originalInvokeId, sequencenumber, actualWindowSize);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param msg
-   * @param first
-   * @param moreFollows
-   * @param buffer
-   * @param offset
-   * @param length
-   * @private
-   */
-  _performDefaultSegmentHandling(msg, first, moreFollows, buffer, offset, length) {
-    if (first) {
-      this._segmentStore = [];
-      msg.type &= ~baEnum.PduConReqBit.SEGMENTED_MESSAGE;
-      let apduHeaderLen = 3;
-      if ((msg.type & baEnum.PDU_TYPE_MASK) === baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST) {
-        apduHeaderLen = 4;
-      }
-      const apdubuffer = this._getBuffer();
-      apdubuffer.offset = 0;
-      buffer.copy(apdubuffer.buffer, apduHeaderLen, offset, offset + length);
-      if ((msg.type & baEnum.PDU_TYPE_MASK) === baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST) {
-        baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(
-          apdubuffer,
-          msg.type,
-          msg.service,
-          msg.maxSegments,
-          msg.maxApdu,
-          msg.invokeId,
-          0,
-          0
-        );
-      } else {
-        baApdu.encodeComplexAck(apdubuffer, msg.type, msg.service, msg.invokeId, 0, 0);
-      }
-      this._segmentStore.push(apdubuffer.buffer.slice(0, length + apduHeaderLen));
-    } else {
-      this._segmentStore.push(buffer.slice(offset, offset + length));
-    }
-    if (!moreFollows) {
-      const apduBuffer = Buffer.concat(this._segmentStore);
-      this._segmentStore = [];
-      msg.type &= ~baEnum.PduConReqBit.SEGMENTED_MESSAGE;
-      this._handlePdu(apduBuffer, 0, apduBuffer.length, msg.header);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param msg
-   * @param server
-   * @param buffer
-   * @param offset
-   * @param length
-   * @private
-   */
-  _processSegment(msg, server, buffer, offset, length) {
-    let first = false;
-    if (msg.sequencenumber === 0 && this._lastSequenceNumber === 0) {
-      first = true;
-    } else {
-      if (msg.sequencenumber !== this._lastSequenceNumber + 1) {
-        return this._segmentAckResponse(msg.header.address, true, server, msg.invokeId, this._lastSequenceNumber, msg.proposedWindowNumber);
-      }
-    }
-    this._lastSequenceNumber = msg.sequencenumber;
-    const moreFollows = msg.type & baEnum.PduConReqBit.MORE_FOLLOWS;
-    if (!moreFollows) {
-      this._lastSequenceNumber = 0;
-    }
-    if ((msg.sequencenumber % msg.proposedWindowNumber) === 0 || !moreFollows) {
-      this._segmentAckResponse(msg.header.address, false, server, msg.invokeId, msg.sequencenumber, msg.proposedWindowNumber);
-    }
-    this._performDefaultSegmentHandling(msg, first, moreFollows, buffer, offset, length);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param serviceMap
-   * @param content
-   * @param buffer
-   * @param offset
-   * @param length
-   * @returns {*}
-   * @private
-   */
-  _processServiceRequest(serviceMap, content, buffer, offset, length) {
-    let result;
-
-    const sender = content.header.sender;
-    if (sender.address === LOCALHOST_INTERFACES_IPV4) {
-      debug('Received and skipped localhost service request:', content.service);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const name = serviceMap[content.service];
-    if (!name) {
-      debug('Received unsupported service request:', content.service);
-      return;
-    }
-
-    const id = content.invokeId ? '@' + content.invokeId : '';
-    trace(`Received service request${id}:`, name);
-
-    // Find a function to decode the packet.
-    const serviceHandler = baServices[name];
-    if (serviceHandler) {
-      try {
-        content.payload = serviceHandler.decode(buffer, offset, length);
-        trace(`Handled service request${id}:`, name, JSON.stringify(content));
-      } catch (e) {
-        // Sometimes incomplete or corrupted messages will cause exceptions
-        // during decoding, but we don't want these to terminate the program, so
-        // we'll just log them and ignore them.
-        debug('Exception thrown when processing message:', e);
-        debug('Original message was', name + ':', content);
-        return;
-      }
-      if (!content.payload) {
-        return debug('Received invalid', name, 'message');
-      }
-    } else {
-      debug('No serviceHandler defined for:', name);
-      // Call the callback anyway, just with no payload.
-    }
-    //trace('Passing payload over to callback:', content);
-
-    // Call the user code, if they've defined a callback.
-    if (this.listenerCount(name)) {
-      trace('listener count by name emits ' + name + ' with content');
-      this.emit(name, content);
-    } else {
-      if (this.listenerCount('unhandledEvent')) {
-        trace('unhandled event emiting with content');
-        this.emit('unhandledEvent', content);
-      } else {
-        // No 'unhandled event' handler, so respond with an error ourselves.
-        // This is better than doing nothing, which can often make the other
-        // device think we have gone offline.
-        trace('no unhandled event handler with header: ' + JSON.stringify(content.header));
-        if (content.header.expectingReply) {
-          debug('Replying with error for unhandled service:', name);
-          // Make sure we don't reply pretending to be the caller, if we got a
-          // forwarded message!  Really this should be overridden to be your
-          // own IP, but only if it's not null/undefined to begin with.
-          content.header.sender.forwardedFrom = null;
-          this.errorResponse(
-            content.header.sender,
-            content.service,
-            content.invokeId,
-            baEnum.ErrorClass.SERVICES,
-            baEnum.ErrorCode.REJECT_UNRECOGNIZED_SERVICE
-          );
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param buffer
-   * @param offset
-   * @param length
-   * @param header
-   * @private
-   */
-  _handlePdu(buffer, offset, length, header) {
-    let msg;
-    trace('handlePdu Header: ', header);
-    // Handle different PDU types
-    switch (header.apduType & baEnum.PDU_TYPE_MASK) {
-      case baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST:
-        msg = baApdu.decodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, offset);
-        msg.header = header;
-        msg.header.confirmedService = false;
-        this._processServiceRequest(unconfirmedServiceMap, msg, buffer, offset + msg.len, length - msg.len);
-        break;
-      case baEnum.PduType.SIMPLE_ACK:
-        msg = baApdu.decodeSimpleAck(buffer, offset);
-        offset += msg.len;
-        length -= msg.len;
-        this._invokeCallback(msg.invokeId, null, {msg: msg, buffer: buffer, offset: offset + msg.len, length: length - msg.len});
-        break;
-      case baEnum.PduType.COMPLEX_ACK:
-        msg = baApdu.decodeComplexAck(buffer, offset);
-        msg.header = header;
-        if ((header.apduType & baEnum.PduConReqBit.SEGMENTED_MESSAGE) === 0) {
-          this._invokeCallback(msg.invokeId, null, {msg: msg, buffer: buffer, offset: offset + msg.len, length: length - msg.len});
-        } else {
-          this._processSegment(msg, true, buffer, offset + msg.len, length - msg.len);
-        }
-        break;
-      case baEnum.PduType.SEGMENT_ACK:
-        msg = baApdu.decodeSegmentAck(buffer, offset);
-        msg.header = header;
-        this._processSegment(msg, true, buffer, offset + msg.len, length - msg.len);
-        break;
-      case baEnum.PduType.ERROR:
-        msg = baApdu.decodeError(buffer, offset);
-        this._processError(msg.invokeId, buffer, offset + msg.len, length - msg.len);
-        break;
-      case baEnum.PduType.REJECT:
-      case baEnum.PduType.ABORT:
-        msg = baApdu.decodeAbort(buffer, offset);
-        this._processAbort(msg.invokeId, msg.reason);
-        break;
-      case baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST:
-        msg = baApdu.decodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, offset);
-        msg.header = header;
-        msg.header.confirmedService = true;
-        if ((header.apduType & baEnum.PduConReqBit.SEGMENTED_MESSAGE) === 0) {
-          this._processServiceRequest(confirmedServiceMap, msg, buffer, offset + msg.len, length - msg.len);
-        } else {
-          this._processSegment(msg, true, buffer, offset + msg.len, length - msg.len);
-        }
-        break;
-      default:
-        debug(`Received unknown PDU type ${header.apduType} -> Drop packet`);
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param buffer
-   * @param offset
-   * @param msgLength
-   * @param header
-   * @returns {*}
-   * @private
-   */
-  _handleNpdu(buffer, offset, msgLength, header) {
-    // Check data length
-    if (msgLength <= 0) {
-      return trace('No NPDU data -> Drop package');
-    }
-    // Parse baNpdu header
-    const result = baNpdu.decode(buffer, offset);
-    if (!result) {
-      return trace('Received invalid NPDU header -> Drop package');
-    }
-    if (result.funct & baEnum.NpduControlBit.NETWORK_LAYER_MESSAGE) {
-      return trace('Received network layer message -> Drop package');
-    }
-    if(result.source && result.source.net && result.source.adr) {
-      header.source = result.source;
-    }
-    offset += result.len;
-    msgLength -= result.len;
-    if (msgLength <= 0) {
-      return trace('No APDU data -> Drop package');
-    }
-    header.apduType = baApdu.getDecodedType(buffer, offset);
-    header.expectingReply = !!(result.funct & baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY);
-    this._handlePdu(buffer, offset, msgLength, header);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param buffer
-   * @param remoteAddress
-   * @returns {*}
-   * @private
-   */
-  _receiveData(buffer, remoteAddress) {
-    // Check data length
-    if (buffer.length < baEnum.BVLC_HEADER_LENGTH) {
-      return trace('Received invalid data -> Drop package');
-    }
-    // Parse BVLC header
-    const result = baBvlc.decode(buffer, 0);
-    if (!result) {
-      return trace('Received invalid BVLC header -> Drop package');
-    }
-    let header = {
-      // Which function the packet came in on, so later code can distinguish
-      // between ORIGINAL_BROADCAST_NPDU and DISTRIBUTE_BROADCAST_TO_NETWORK.
-      func: result.func,
-      sender: {
-        // Address of the host we are directly connected to. String, IP:port.
-        address: remoteAddress,
-        // If the host is a BBMD passing messages along to another node, this
-        // is the address of the distant BACnet node.  String, IP:port.
-        // Typically we won't have network connectivity to this address, but
-        // we have to include it in replies so the host we are connect to knows
-        // where to forward the messages.
-        forwardedFrom: null,
-      },
-    };
-    // Check BVLC function
-    switch (result.func) {
-      case baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.ORIGINAL_UNICAST_NPDU:
-      case baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.ORIGINAL_BROADCAST_NPDU:
-        this._handleNpdu(buffer, result.len, buffer.length - result.len, header);
-        break;
-      case baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.FORWARDED_NPDU:
-        // Preserve the IP of the node behind the BBMD so we know where to send
-        // replies back to.
-        header.sender.forwardedFrom = result.originatingIP;
-        this._handleNpdu(buffer, result.len, buffer.length - result.len, header);
-        break;
-      case baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.REGISTER_FOREIGN_DEVICE:
-        let decodeResult = baServices.registerForeignDevice.decode(buffer, result.len, buffer.length - result.len);
-        if (!decodeResult) {
-          return trace('Received invalid registerForeignDevice message');
-        }
-        this.emit('registerForeignDevice', {
-          header: header,
-          payload: decodeResult,
-        });
-        break;
-      case baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.DISTRIBUTE_BROADCAST_TO_NETWORK:
-        this._handleNpdu(buffer, result.len, buffer.length - result.len, header);
-        break;
-      default:
-        debug('Received unknown BVLC function ' + result.func + ' -> Drop package');
-        break;
-    }
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * @event bacnet.error
-   * @param {error} err - The error object thrown by the underlying transport layer.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.on('error', (err) => {
-   *   console.log('Error occurred: ', err);
-   *   client.close();
-   * });
-   */
-  _receiveError(err) {
-    this.emit('error', err);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The whoIs command discovers all BACNET devices in a network.
-   * @function bacnet.whoIs
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {object=} options
-   * @param {number=} options.lowLimit - Minimal device instance number to search for.
-   * @param {number=} options.highLimit - Maximal device instance number to search for.
-   * @fires bacnet.iAm
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.whoIs();
-   */
-  whoIs(receiver, options) {
-    if (!options) {
-      if (
-        receiver &&
-        typeof receiver === 'object' &&
-        receiver.address === undefined &&
-        receiver.forwardedFrom === undefined &&
-        (receiver.lowLimit !== undefined || receiver.highLimit !== undefined)
-      ) {
-        // receiver seems to be an options object
-        options = receiver;
-        receiver = undefined;
-      }
-    }
-    options = options || {};
-
-    const settings = {
-      lowLimit: options.lowLimit,
-      highLimit: options.highLimit,
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver, null, DEFAULT_HOP_COUNT, baEnum.NetworkLayerMessageType.WHO_IS_ROUTER_TO_NETWORK, 0);
-    baApdu.encodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice.WHO_IS);
-    baServices.whoIs.encode(buffer, settings.lowLimit, settings.highLimit);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The timeSync command sets the time of a target device.
-   * @function bacnet.timeSync
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {date} dateTime - The date and time to set on the target device.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.timeSync('192.168.1.43', new Date());
-   */
-  timeSync(receiver, dateTime) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice.TIME_SYNCHRONIZATION);
-    baServices.timeSync.encode(buffer, dateTime);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The timeSyncUTC command sets the UTC time of a target device.
-   * @function bacnet.timeSyncUTC
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {date} dateTime - The date and time to set on the target device.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.timeSyncUTC('192.168.1.43', new Date());
-   */
-  timeSyncUTC(receiver, dateTime) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice.UTC_TIME_SYNCHRONIZATION);
-    baServices.timeSync.encode(buffer, dateTime);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The readProperty command reads a single property of an object from a device.
-   * @function bacnet.readProperty
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {object} objectId - The BACNET object ID to read.
-   * @param {number} objectId.type - The BACNET object type to read.
-   * @param {number} objectId.instance - The BACNET object instance to read.
-   * @param {number} propertyId - The BACNET property id in the specified object to read.
-   * @param {object=} options
-   * @param {MaxSegmentsAccepted=} options.maxSegments - The maximimal allowed number of segments.
-   * @param {MaxApduLengthAccepted=} options.maxApdu - The maximal allowed APDU size.
-   * @param {number=} options.invokeId - The invoke ID of the confirmed service telegram.
-   * @param {number=} options.arrayIndex - The array index of the property to be read.
-   * @param {function} next - The callback containing an error, in case of a failure and value object in case of success.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.readProperty('192.168.1.43', {type: 8, instance: 44301}, 28, (err, value) => {
-   *   console.log('value: ', value);
-   * });
-   */
-  readProperty(receiver, objectId, propertyId, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId(),
-      arrayIndex: (options.arrayIndex || options.arrayIndex === 0) ? options.arrayIndex : baEnum.ASN1_ARRAY_ALL
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver, null, DEFAULT_HOP_COUNT, baEnum.NetworkLayerMessageType.WHO_IS_ROUTER_TO_NETWORK, 0);
-    const type = baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST | (settings.maxSegments !== baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_0 ? baEnum.PduConReqBit.SEGMENTED_RESPONSE_ACCEPTED : 0);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, type, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.READ_PROPERTY, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.readProperty.encode(buffer, objectId.type, objectId.instance, propertyId, settings.arrayIndex);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      const result = baServices.readProperty.decodeAcknowledge(data.buffer, data.offset, data.length);
-      if (!result) {
-        return void next(new Error('INVALID_DECODING'));
-      }
-      next(null, result);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The writeProperty command writes a single property of an object to a device.
-   * @function bacnet.writeProperty
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {object} objectId - The BACNET object ID to write.
-   * @param {number} objectId.type - The BACNET object type to write.
-   * @param {number} objectId.instance - The BACNET object instance to write.
-   * @param {number} propertyId - The BACNET property id in the specified object to write.
-   * @param {object[]} values - A list of values to be written to the specified property.
-   * @param {ApplicationTag} values.type - The data-type of the value to be written.
-   * @param {number} values.value - The actual value to be written.
-   * @param {object=} options
-   * @param {MaxSegmentsAccepted=} options.maxSegments - The maximimal allowed number of segments.
-   * @param {MaxApduLengthAccepted=} options.maxApdu - The maximal allowed APDU size.
-   * @param {number=} options.invokeId - The invoke ID of the confirmed service telegram.
-   * @param {number=} options.arrayIndex - The array index of the property to be read.
-   * @param {number=} options.priority - The priority of the value to be written.
-   * @param {function} next - The callback containing an error, in case of a failure and value object in case of success.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.writeProperty('192.168.1.43', {type: 8, instance: 44301}, 28, [
-   *   {type: bacnet.enum.ApplicationTag.REAL, value: 100}
-   * ], (err, value) => {
-   *   console.log('value: ', value);
-   * });
-   */
-  writeProperty(receiver, objectId, propertyId, values, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId(),
-      arrayIndex: options.arrayIndex || baEnum.ASN1_ARRAY_ALL,
-      priority: options.priority || baEnum.ASN1_NO_PRIORITY
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver, null, DEFAULT_HOP_COUNT, baEnum.NetworkLayerMessageType.WHO_IS_ROUTER_TO_NETWORK, 0);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.WRITE_PROPERTY, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.writeProperty.encode(buffer, objectId.type, objectId.instance, propertyId, settings.arrayIndex, settings.priority, values);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      next(err);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The readPropertyMultiple command reads multiple properties in multiple objects from a device.
-   * @function bacnet.readPropertyMultiple
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {object[]} propertiesArray - List of object and property specifications to be read.
-   * @param {object} propertiesArray.objectId - Specifies which object to read.
-   * @param {number} propertiesArray.objectId.type - The BACNET object type to read.
-   * @param {number} propertiesArray.objectId.instance - The BACNET object instance to read.
-   * @param {object[]} propertiesArray.properties - List of properties to be read.
-   * @param {number} propertiesArray.properties.id - The BACNET property id in the specified object to read. Also supports 8 for all properties.
-   * @param {object=} options
-   * @param {MaxSegmentsAccepted=} options.maxSegments - The maximimal allowed number of segments.
-   * @param {MaxApduLengthAccepted=} options.maxApdu - The maximal allowed APDU size.
-   * @param {number=} options.invokeId - The invoke ID of the confirmed service telegram.
-   * @param {function} next - The callback containing an error, in case of a failure and value object in case of success.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * const requestArray = [
-   *   {objectId: {type: 8, instance: 4194303}, properties: [{id: 8}]}
-   * ];
-   * client.readPropertyMultiple('192.168.1.43', requestArray, (err, value) => {
-   *   console.log('value: ', value);
-   * });
-   */
-  readPropertyMultiple(receiver, propertiesArray, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver, null, DEFAULT_HOP_COUNT, baEnum.NetworkLayerMessageType.WHO_IS_ROUTER_TO_NETWORK, 0);
-    const type = baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST | (settings.maxSegments !== baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_0 ? baEnum.PduConReqBit.SEGMENTED_RESPONSE_ACCEPTED : 0);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, type, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.READ_PROPERTY_MULTIPLE, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.readPropertyMultiple.encode(buffer, propertiesArray);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      const result = baServices.readPropertyMultiple.decodeAcknowledge(data.buffer, data.offset, data.length);
-      if (!result) {
-        return void next(new Error('INVALID_DECODING'));
-      }
-      next(null, result);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The writePropertyMultiple command writes multiple properties in multiple objects to a device.
-   * @function bacnet.writePropertyMultiple
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {object[]} values - List of object and property specifications to be written.
-   * @param {object} values.objectId - Specifies which object to read.
-   * @param {number} values.objectId.type - The BACNET object type to read.
-   * @param {number} values.objectId.instance - The BACNET object instance to read.
-   * @param {object[]} values.values - List of properties to be written.
-   * @param {object} values.values.property - Property specifications to be written.
-   * @param {number} values.values.property.id - The BACNET property id in the specified object to write.
-   * @param {number} values.values.property.index - The array index of the property to be written.
-   * @param {object[]} values.values.value - A list of values to be written to the specified property.
-   * @param {ApplicationTag} values.values.value.type - The data-type of the value to be written.
-   * @param {object} values.values.value.value - The actual value to be written.
-   * @param {number} values.values.priority - The priority to be used for writing to the property.
-   * @param {object=} options
-   * @param {MaxSegmentsAccepted=} options.maxSegments - The maximimal allowed number of segments.
-   * @param {MaxApduLengthAccepted=} options.maxApdu - The maximal allowed APDU size.
-   * @param {number=} options.invokeId - The invoke ID of the confirmed service telegram.
-   * @param {function} next - The callback containing an error, in case of a failure and value object in case of success.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * const values = [
-   *   {objectId: {type: 8, instance: 44301}, values: [
-   *     {property: {id: 28, index: 12}, value: [{type: bacnet.enum.ApplicationTag.BOOLEAN, value: true}], priority: 8}
-   *   ]}
-   * ];
-   * client.writePropertyMultiple('192.168.1.43', values, (err, value) => {
-   *   console.log('value: ', value);
-   * });
-   */
-  writePropertyMultiple(receiver, values, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.WRITE_PROPERTY_MULTIPLE, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId);
-    baServices.writePropertyMultiple.encodeObject(buffer, values);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      next(err);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The confirmedCOVNotification command is used to push notifications to other
-   * systems that have registered with us via a subscribeCOV message.
-   * @function bacnet.confirmedCOVNotification
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {object} monitoredObject - The object being monitored, from subscribeCOV.
-   * @param {number} monitoredObject.type - Object type.
-   * @param {number} monitoredObject.instance - Object instance.
-   * @param {number} subscribeId - Subscriber ID from subscribeCOV,
-   * @param {number} initiatingDeviceId - Our BACnet device ID.
-   * @param {number} lifetime - Number of seconds left until the subscription expires.
-   * @param {array} values - values for the monitored object.  See example.
-   * @param {object=} options
-   * @param {MaxSegmentsAccepted=} options.maxSegments - The maximimal allowed number of segments.
-   * @param {MaxApduLengthAccepted=} options.maxApdu - The maximal allowed APDU size.
-   * @param {number=} options.invokeId - The invoke ID of the confirmed service telegram.
-   * @param {function} next - The callback containing an error, in case of a failure and value object in case of success.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * const settings = {deviceId: 123}; // our BACnet device
-   *
-   * // Items saved from subscribeCOV message
-   * const monitoredObject = {type: 1, instance: 1};
-   * const subscriberProcessId = 123;
-   *
-   * client.confirmedCOVNotification(
-   *   '192.168.1.43',
-   *   monitoredObject,
-   *   subscriberProcessId,
-   *   settings.deviceId,
-   *   30, // should be lifetime of subscription really
-   *   [
-   *     {
-   *       property: { id: bacnet.enum.PropertyIdentifier.PRESENT_VALUE },
-   *       value: [
-   *         {value: 123, type: bacnet.enum.ApplicationTag.REAL},
-   *       ],
-   *     },
-   *   ],
-   *   (err) => {
-   *     console.log('error: ', err);
-   *   }
-   * );
-   */
-  confirmedCOVNotification(receiver, monitoredObject, subscribeId, initiatingDeviceId, lifetime, values, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer();
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.CONFIRMED_COV_NOTIFICATION, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.covNotify.encode(buffer, subscribeId, initiatingDeviceId, monitoredObject, lifetime, values);
-    baBvlc.encode(buffer.buffer, baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.ORIGINAL_UNICAST_NPDU, buffer.offset);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The deviceCommunicationControl command enables or disables network communication of the target device.
-   * @function bacnet.deviceCommunicationControl
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {number} timeDuration - The time to hold the network communication state in seconds. 0 for infinite.
-   * @param {EnableDisable} enableDisable - The network communication state to set.
-   * @param {object=} options
-   * @param {MaxSegmentsAccepted=} options.maxSegments - The maximimal allowed number of segments.
-   * @param {MaxApduLengthAccepted=} options.maxApdu - The maximal allowed APDU size.
-   * @param {number=} options.invokeId - The invoke ID of the confirmed service telegram.
-   * @param {string=} options.password - The optional password used to set the network communication state.
-   * @param {function} next - The callback containing an error, in case of a failure and value object in case of success.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.deviceCommunicationControl('192.168.1.43', 0, bacnet.enum.EnableDisable.DISABLE, (err) => {
-   *   console.log('error: ', err);
-   * });
-   */
-  deviceCommunicationControl(receiver, timeDuration, enableDisable, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId(),
-      password: options.password
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.DEVICE_COMMUNICATION_CONTROL, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.deviceCommunicationControl.encode(buffer, timeDuration, enableDisable, settings.password);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      next(err);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The reinitializeDevice command initiates a restart of the target device.
-   * @function bacnet.reinitializeDevice
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {ReinitializedState} state - The type of restart to be initiated.
-   * @param {object=} options
-   * @param {MaxSegmentsAccepted=} options.maxSegments - The maximimal allowed number of segments.
-   * @param {MaxApduLengthAccepted=} options.maxApdu - The maximal allowed APDU size.
-   * @param {number=} options.invokeId - The invoke ID of the confirmed service telegram.
-   * @param {string=} options.password - The optional password used to restart the device.
-   * @param {function} next - The callback containing an error, in case of a failure and value object in case of success.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.reinitializeDevice('192.168.1.43', bacnet.enum.ReinitializedState.COLDSTART, (err, value) => {
-   *   console.log('value: ', value);
-   * });
-   */
-  reinitializeDevice(receiver, state, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId(),
-      password: options.password
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.REINITIALIZE_DEVICE, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.reinitializeDevice.encode(buffer, state, settings.password);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      next(err);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param position
-   * @param fileBuffer
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  writeFile(receiver, objectId, position, fileBuffer, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.ATOMIC_WRITE_FILE, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.atomicWriteFile.encode(buffer, false, objectId, position, fileBuffer);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      const result = baServices.atomicWriteFile.decodeAcknowledge(data.buffer, data.offset, data.length);
-      if (!result) {
-        return void next(new Error('INVALID_DECODING'));
-      }
-      next(null, result);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param position
-   * @param count
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  readFile(receiver, objectId, position, count, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.ATOMIC_READ_FILE, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.atomicReadFile.encode(buffer, true, objectId, position, count);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      const result = baServices.atomicReadFile.decodeAcknowledge(data.buffer, data.offset, data.length);
-      if (!result) {
-        return void next(new Error('INVALID_DECODING'));
-      }
-      next(null, result);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param idxBegin
-   * @param quantity
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  readRange(receiver, objectId, idxBegin, quantity, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.READ_RANGE, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.readRange.encode(buffer, objectId, baEnum.PropertyIdentifier.LOG_BUFFER, baEnum.ASN1_ARRAY_ALL, baEnum.ReadRangeType.BY_POSITION, idxBegin, new Date(), quantity);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      const result = baServices.readRange.decodeAcknowledge(data.buffer, data.offset, data.length);
-      if (!result) {
-        return void next(new Error('INVALID_DECODING'));
-      }
-      next(null, result);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param subscribeId
-   * @param cancel
-   * @param issueConfirmedNotifications
-   * @param lifetime
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  subscribeCov(receiver, objectId, subscribeId, cancel, issueConfirmedNotifications, lifetime, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.SUBSCRIBE_COV, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.subscribeCov.encode(buffer, subscribeId, objectId, cancel, issueConfirmedNotifications, lifetime);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param monitoredProperty
-   * @param subscribeId
-   * @param cancel
-   * @param issueConfirmedNotifications
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  subscribeProperty(receiver, objectId, monitoredProperty, subscribeId, cancel, issueConfirmedNotifications, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.SUBSCRIBE_COV_PROPERTY, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.subscribeProperty.encode(buffer, subscribeId, objectId, cancel, issueConfirmedNotifications, 0, monitoredProperty, false, 0x0f);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The unconfirmedCOVNotification command sends an unconfirmed COV notification to a device
-   * @function bacnet.unconfirmedCOVNotification
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {number} subscriberProcessId - The process id which was used by a target device in the subscription.
-   * @param {number} initiatingDeviceId - The id of this device.
-   * @param {object} monitoredObjectId - Specifies about which object the notification is.
-   * @param {number} monitoredObjectId.type - The BACNET object type of the notification.
-   * @param {number} monitoredObjectId.instance - The BACNET object instance of the notification.
-   * @param {number} timeRemaining - How long the subscription is still active in seconds.
-   * @param {object[]} values - List of properties with updated values.
-   * @param {object} values.property - Property specifications.
-   * @param {number} values.property.id - The updated BACNET property id.
-   * @param {number} values.property.index - The array index of the updated property.
-   * @param {object[]} values.value - A list of updated values.
-   * @param {ApplicationTag} values.value.type - The data-type of the updated value.
-   * @param {object} values.value.value - The actual updated value.
-   * @param {number} values.priority - The priority of the updated property.
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.unconfirmedCOVNotification(
-   *            '127.0.0.1',
-   *            3,
-   *            433,
-   *            {type: 2, instance: 122},
-   *            120,
-   *            [
-   *              {
-   *                property: {id: 85},
-   *                value: [{type: baEnum.ApplicationTag.REAL, value: 12.3}]
-   *              },
-   *              {
-   *                property: {id: 111},
-   *                value: [{type: baEnum.ApplicationTag.BIT_STRING, value: 0xFFFF}]
-   *              }
-   *            ]);
-   */
-  unconfirmedCOVNotification(receiver, subscriberProcessId, initiatingDeviceId, monitoredObjectId, timeRemaining, values) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer();
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice.UNCONFIRMED_COV_NOTIFICATION);
-    baServices.covNotify.encode(buffer, subscriberProcessId, initiatingDeviceId, monitoredObjectId, timeRemaining, values);
-    baBvlc.encode(buffer.buffer, baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.ORIGINAL_UNICAST_NPDU, buffer.offset);
-    this._transport.send(buffer.buffer, buffer.offset, receiver);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param values
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  createObject(receiver, objectId, values, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.CREATE_OBJECT, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.createObject.encode(buffer, objectId, values);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  deleteObject(receiver, objectId, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.DELETE_OBJECT, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.deleteObject.encode(buffer, objectId);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param reference
-   * @param values
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  removeListElement(receiver, objectId, reference, values, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.REMOVE_LIST_ELEMENT, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.addListElement.encode(buffer, objectId, reference.id, reference.index, values);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param reference
-   * @param values
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  addListElement(receiver, objectId, reference, values, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.ADD_LIST_ELEMENT, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.addListElement.encode(buffer, objectId, reference.id, reference.index, values);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  getAlarmSummary(receiver, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.GET_ALARM_SUMMARY, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      const result = baServices.alarmSummary.decode(data.buffer, data.offset, data.length);
-      if (!result) {
-        return void next(new Error('INVALID_DECODING'));
-      }
-      next(null, result);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  getEventInformation(receiver, objectId, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.GET_EVENT_INFORMATION, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baAsn1.encodeContextObjectId(buffer, 0, objectId.type, objectId.instance);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      const result = baServices.eventInformation.decode(data.buffer, data.offset, data.length);
-      if (!result) {
-        return void next(new Error('INVALID_DECODING'));
-      }
-      next(null, result);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param eventState
-   * @param ackText
-   * @param evTimeStamp
-   * @param ackTimeStamp
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  acknowledgeAlarm(receiver, objectId, eventState, ackText, evTimeStamp, ackTimeStamp, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.ACKNOWLEDGE_ALARM, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.alarmAcknowledge.encode(buffer, 57, objectId, eventState, ackText, evTimeStamp, ackTimeStamp);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param vendorId
-   * @param serviceNumber
-   * @param data
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  confirmedPrivateTransfer(receiver, vendorId, serviceNumber, data, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.CONFIRMED_PRIVATE_TRANSFER, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.privateTransfer.encode(buffer, vendorId, serviceNumber, data);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param vendorId
-   * @param serviceNumber
-   * @param data
-   */
-  unconfirmedPrivateTransfer(receiver, vendorId, serviceNumber, data) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice.UNCONFIRMED_PRIVATE_TRANSFER);
-    baServices.privateTransfer.encode(buffer, vendorId, serviceNumber, data);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param acknowledgmentFilter
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  getEnrollmentSummary(receiver, acknowledgmentFilter, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.GET_ENROLLMENT_SUMMARY, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.getEnrollmentSummary.encode(buffer, acknowledgmentFilter, options.enrollmentFilter, options.eventStateFilter, options.eventTypeFilter, options.priorityFilter, options.notificationClassFilter);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      const result = baServices.getEnrollmentSummary.decodeAcknowledge(data.buffer, data.offset, data.length);
-      if (!result) {
-        return void next(new Error('INVALID_DECODING'));
-      }
-      next(null, result);
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param eventNotification
-   */
-  unconfirmedEventNotification(receiver, eventNotification) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice.UNCONFIRMED_EVENT_NOTIFICATION);
-    baServices.eventNotifyData.encode(buffer, eventNotification);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param eventNotification
-   * @param options
-   * @param next
-   */
-  confirmedEventNotification(receiver, eventNotification, options, next) {
-    next = next || options;
-    const settings = {
-      maxSegments: options.maxSegments || baEnum.MaxSegmentsAccepted.SEGMENTS_65,
-      maxApdu: options.maxApdu || baEnum.MaxApduLengthAccepted.OCTETS_1476,
-      invokeId: options.invokeId || this._getInvokeId()
-    };
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE | baEnum.NpduControlBit.EXPECTING_REPLY, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeConfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.CONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.CONFIRMED_EVENT_NOTIFICATION, settings.maxSegments, settings.maxApdu, settings.invokeId, 0, 0);
-    baServices.eventNotifyData.encode(buffer, eventNotification);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-    this._addCallback(settings.invokeId, (err, data) => {
-      if (err) {
-        return void next(err);
-      }
-      next();
-    });
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The readPropertyResponse call sends a response with information about one of our properties.
-   * @function bacnet.readPropertyResponse
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {number} invokeId - ID of the original readProperty request.
-   * @param {object} objectId - objectId from the original request,
-   * @param {object} property - property being read, taken from the original request.
-   * @param {object=} options varying behaviour for special circumstances
-   * @param {string=} options.forwardedFrom - If functioning as a BBMD, the IP address this message originally came from.
-   */
-  readPropertyResponse(receiver, invokeId, objectId, property, value, options = {}) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeComplexAck(buffer, baEnum.PduType.COMPLEX_ACK, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.READ_PROPERTY, invokeId);
-    baServices.readProperty.encodeAcknowledge(buffer, objectId, property.id, property.index, value);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  readPropertyMultipleResponse(receiver, invokeId, values) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeComplexAck(buffer, baEnum.PduType.COMPLEX_ACK, baEnum.ConfirmedServiceChoice.READ_PROPERTY_MULTIPLE, invokeId);
-    baServices.readPropertyMultiple.encodeAcknowledge(buffer, values);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The iAmResponse command is sent as a reply to a whoIs request.
-   * @function bacnet.iAmResponse
-   * @param {object} receiver - address to send packet to, null for local broadcast.
-   * @param {number} deviceId - Our device ID.
-   * @param {number} segmentation - an enum.Segmentation value.
-   * @param {number} vendorId - The numeric ID assigned to the organisation providing this application.
-   */
-  iAmResponse(receiver, deviceId, segmentation, vendorId) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice.I_AM);
-    baServices.iAm.encode(buffer, deviceId, this._transport.getMaxPayload(), segmentation, vendorId);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param deviceId
-   * @param objectId
-   * @param objectName
-   */
-  iHaveResponse(receiver, deviceId, objectId, objectName) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.EecodeUnconfirmedServiceRequest(buffer, baEnum.PduType.UNCONFIRMED_REQUEST, baEnum.UnconfirmedServiceChoice.I_HAVE);
-    baServices.iHave(buffer, deviceId, objectId, objectName);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param service
-   * @param invokeId
-   */
-  simpleAckResponse(receiver, service, invokeId) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeSimpleAck(buffer, baEnum.PduType.SIMPLE_ACK, service, invokeId);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param service
-   * @param invokeId
-   * @param errorClass
-   * @param errorCode
-   */
-  errorResponse(receiver, service, invokeId, errorClass, errorCode) {
-    trace(`error response on ${JSON.stringify(receiver)} service: ${JSON.stringify(service)} invokeId: ${invokeId} errorClass: ${errorClass} errorCode: ${errorCode}`);
-    trace(`error message ${baServices.error.buildMessage({ 'class': errorClass, 'code': errorCode })}`);
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer(receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    baNpdu.encode(buffer, baEnum.NpduControlPriority.NORMAL_MESSAGE, receiver);
-    baApdu.encodeError(buffer, baEnum.PduType.ERROR, service, invokeId);
-    baServices.error.encode(buffer, errorClass, errorCode);
-    this.sendBvlc(receiver, buffer);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   *
-   * @param receiver
-   * @param buffer
-   */
-  sendBvlc(receiver, buffer) {
-    if (typeof receiver === 'string') {
-      receiver = {
-        address: receiver
-      };
-    }
-    if (receiver && receiver.forwardedFrom) {
-      // Remote node address given, forward to BBMD
-      baBvlc.encode(buffer.buffer, baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.FORWARDED_NPDU, buffer.offset, receiver.forwardedFrom);
-    } else if (receiver && receiver.address) {
-      // Specific address, unicast
-      baBvlc.encode(buffer.buffer, baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.ORIGINAL_UNICAST_NPDU, buffer.offset);
-    } else {
-      // No address, broadcast
-      baBvlc.encode(buffer.buffer, baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.ORIGINAL_BROADCAST_NPDU, buffer.offset);
-    }
-    this._transport.send(
-      buffer.buffer,
-      buffer.offset,
-      (receiver && receiver.address) || null
-    );
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * The resultResponse is a BVLC-Result message used to respond to certain events, such as BBMD registration.
-   * This message cannot be wrapped for passing through a BBMD, as it is used as a BBMD control message.
-   * @function bacnet.resultResponse
-   * @param {string} receiver - IP address of the target device.
-   * @param {number} resultCode - Single value from BvlcResultFormat enum.
-   */
-  resultResponse(receiver, resultCode) {
-    const buffer = this._getBuffer();
-    baApdu.encodeResult(buffer, resultCode);
-    baBvlc.encode(buffer.buffer, baEnum.BvlcResultPurpose.BVLC_RESULT, buffer.offset);
-    this._transport.send(buffer.buffer, buffer.offset, receiver.address);
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Unloads the current bacnet instance and closes the underlying UDP socket.
-   * @function bacnet.close
-   * @example
-   * const bacnet = require('node-bacnet');
-   * const client = new bacnet();
-   *
-   * client.close();
-   */
-  close() {
-    this._transport.close();
-  }
-
-  /**
-   * Helper function to take an array of enums and produce a bitstring suitable
-   * for inclusion as a property.
-   *
-   * @example
-   * [bacnet.enum.PropertyIdentifier.PROTOCOL_OBJECT_TYPES_SUPPORTED]: [
-   *   {value: bacnet.createBitstring([
-   *     bacnet.enum.ObjectTypesSupported.ANALOG_INPUT,
-   *     bacnet.enum.ObjectTypesSupported.ANALOG_OUTPUT,
-   *   ]),
-   *   type: bacnet.enum.ApplicationTag.BIT_STRING},
-   * ],
-   */
-  static createBitstring(items) {
-    let offset = 0;
-    let bytes = [];
-    let bitsUsed = 0;
-    while (items.length) {
-      // Find any values between offset and offset+8, for the next byte
-      let value = 0;
-      items = items.filter(i => {
-        if (i >= offset + 8) {
-          return true;
-        } // leave for future iteration
-        value |= 1 << (i - offset);
-        bitsUsed = Math.max(bitsUsed, i);
-        return false; // remove from list
-      });
-      bytes.push(value);
-      offset += 8;
-    }
-    bitsUsed++;
-
-    return {
-      value: bytes,
-      bitsUsed,
-    };
-  }
-
-}
-module.exports = Client;