@ai-ecoverse/wasix-ruby 3.4.11-1

package/lib/ruby/3.4.11/rubygems/security.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,615 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+#--
+# Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
+# All rights reserved.
+# See LICENSE.txt for permissions.
+#++
+
+require_relative "exceptions"
+require_relative "openssl"
+
+##
+# = Signing gems
+#
+# The Gem::Security implements cryptographic signatures for gems.  The section
+# below is a step-by-step guide to using signed gems and generating your own.
+#
+# == Walkthrough
+#
+# === Building your certificate
+#
+# In order to start signing your gems, you'll need to build a private key and
+# a self-signed certificate.  Here's how:
+#
+#   # build a private key and certificate for yourself:
+#   $ gem cert --build you@example.com
+#
+# This could take anywhere from a few seconds to a minute or two, depending on
+# the speed of your computer (public key algorithms aren't exactly the
+# speediest crypto algorithms in the world).  When it's finished, you'll see
+# the files "gem-private_key.pem" and "gem-public_cert.pem" in the current
+# directory.
+#
+# First things first: Move both files to ~/.gem if you don't already have a
+# key and certificate in that directory.  Ensure the file permissions make the
+# key unreadable by others (by default the file is saved securely).
+#
+# Keep your private key hidden; if it's compromised, someone can sign packages
+# as you (note: PKI has ways of mitigating the risk of stolen keys; more on
+# that later).
+#
+# === Signing Gems
+#
+# In RubyGems 2 and newer there is no extra work to sign a gem.  RubyGems will
+# automatically find your key and certificate in your home directory and use
+# them to sign newly packaged gems.
+#
+# If your certificate is not self-signed (signed by a third party) RubyGems
+# will attempt to load the certificate chain from the trusted certificates.
+# Use <code>gem cert --add signing_cert.pem</code> to add your signers as
+# trusted certificates.  See below for further information on certificate
+# chains.
+#
+# If you build your gem it will automatically be signed.  If you peek inside
+# your gem file, you'll see a couple of new files have been added:
+#
+#   $ tar tf your-gem-1.0.gem
+#   metadata.gz
+#   metadata.gz.sig # metadata signature
+#   data.tar.gz
+#   data.tar.gz.sig # data signature
+#   checksums.yaml.gz
+#   checksums.yaml.gz.sig # checksums signature
+#
+# === Manually signing gems
+#
+# If you wish to store your key in a separate secure location you'll need to
+# set your gems up for signing by hand.  To do this, set the
+# <code>signing_key</code> and <code>cert_chain</code> in the gemspec before
+# packaging your gem:
+#
+#   s.signing_key = '/secure/path/to/gem-private_key.pem'
+#   s.cert_chain = %w[/secure/path/to/gem-public_cert.pem]
+#
+# When you package your gem with these options set RubyGems will automatically
+# load your key and certificate from the secure paths.
+#
+# === Signed gems and security policies
+#
+# Now let's verify the signature.  Go ahead and install the gem, but add the
+# following options: <code>-P HighSecurity</code>, like this:
+#
+#   # install the gem with using the security policy "HighSecurity"
+#   $ sudo gem install your.gem -P HighSecurity
+#
+# The <code>-P</code> option sets your security policy -- we'll talk about
+# that in just a minute.  Eh, what's this?
+#
+#   $ gem install -P HighSecurity your-gem-1.0.gem
+#   ERROR:  While executing gem ... (Gem::Security::Exception)
+#       root cert /CN=you/DC=example is not trusted
+#
+# The culprit here is the security policy.  RubyGems has several different
+# security policies.  Let's take a short break and go over the security
+# policies.  Here's a list of the available security policies, and a brief
+# description of each one:
+#
+# * NoSecurity - Well, no security at all.  Signed packages are treated like
+#   unsigned packages.
+# * LowSecurity - Pretty much no security.  If a package is signed then
+#   RubyGems will make sure the signature matches the signing
+#   certificate, and that the signing certificate hasn't expired, but
+#   that's it.  A malicious user could easily circumvent this kind of
+#   security.
+# * MediumSecurity - Better than LowSecurity and NoSecurity, but still
+#   fallible.  Package contents are verified against the signing
+#   certificate, and the signing certificate is checked for validity,
+#   and checked against the rest of the certificate chain (if you don't
+#   know what a certificate chain is, stay tuned, we'll get to that).
+#   The biggest improvement over LowSecurity is that MediumSecurity
+#   won't install packages that are signed by untrusted sources.
+#   Unfortunately, MediumSecurity still isn't totally secure -- a
+#   malicious user can still unpack the gem, strip the signatures, and
+#   distribute the gem unsigned.
+# * HighSecurity - Here's the bugger that got us into this mess.
+#   The HighSecurity policy is identical to the MediumSecurity policy,
+#   except that it does not allow unsigned gems.  A malicious user
+#   doesn't have a whole lot of options here; they can't modify the
+#   package contents without invalidating the signature, and they can't
+#   modify or remove signature or the signing certificate chain, or
+#   RubyGems will simply refuse to install the package.  Oh well, maybe
+#   they'll have better luck causing problems for CPAN users instead :).
+#
+# The reason RubyGems refused to install your shiny new signed gem was because
+# it was from an untrusted source.  Well, your code is infallible (naturally),
+# so you need to add yourself as a trusted source:
+#
+#   # add trusted certificate
+#   gem cert --add ~/.gem/gem-public_cert.pem
+#
+# You've now added your public certificate as a trusted source.  Now you can
+# install packages signed by your private key without any hassle.  Let's try
+# the install command above again:
+#
+#   # install the gem with using the HighSecurity policy (and this time
+#   # without any shenanigans)
+#   $ gem install -P HighSecurity your-gem-1.0.gem
+#   Successfully installed your-gem-1.0
+#   1 gem installed
+#
+# This time RubyGems will accept your signed package and begin installing.
+#
+# While you're waiting for RubyGems to work it's magic, have a look at some of
+# the other security commands by running <code>gem help cert</code>:
+#
+#   Options:
+#     -a, --add CERT                   Add a trusted certificate.
+#     -l, --list [FILTER]              List trusted certificates where the
+#                                      subject contains FILTER
+#     -r, --remove FILTER              Remove trusted certificates where the
+#                                      subject contains FILTER
+#     -b, --build EMAIL_ADDR           Build private key and self-signed
+#                                      certificate for EMAIL_ADDR
+#     -C, --certificate CERT           Signing certificate for --sign
+#     -K, --private-key KEY            Key for --sign or --build
+#     -A, --key-algorithm ALGORITHM    Select key algorithm for --build from RSA, DSA, or EC. Defaults to RSA.
+#     -s, --sign CERT                  Signs CERT with the key from -K
+#                                      and the certificate from -C
+#     -d, --days NUMBER_OF_DAYS        Days before the certificate expires
+#     -R, --re-sign                    Re-signs the certificate from -C with the key from -K
+#
+# We've already covered the <code>--build</code> option, and the
+# <code>--add</code>, <code>--list</code>, and <code>--remove</code> commands
+# seem fairly straightforward; they allow you to add, list, and remove the
+# certificates in your trusted certificate list.  But what's with this
+# <code>--sign</code> option?
+#
+# === Certificate chains
+#
+# To answer that question, let's take a look at "certificate chains", a
+# concept I mentioned earlier.  There are a couple of problems with
+# self-signed certificates: first of all, self-signed certificates don't offer
+# a whole lot of security.  Sure, the certificate says Yukihiro Matsumoto, but
+# how do I know it was actually generated and signed by matz himself unless he
+# gave me the certificate in person?
+#
+# The second problem is scalability.  Sure, if there are 50 gem authors, then
+# I have 50 trusted certificates, no problem.  What if there are 500 gem
+# authors?  1000?  Having to constantly add new trusted certificates is a
+# pain, and it actually makes the trust system less secure by encouraging
+# RubyGems users to blindly trust new certificates.
+#
+# Here's where certificate chains come in.  A certificate chain establishes an
+# arbitrarily long chain of trust between an issuing certificate and a child
+# certificate.  So instead of trusting certificates on a per-developer basis,
+# we use the PKI concept of certificate chains to build a logical hierarchy of
+# trust.  Here's a hypothetical example of a trust hierarchy based (roughly)
+# on geography:
+#
+#                         --------------------------
+#                         | rubygems@rubygems.org |
+#                         --------------------------
+#                                     |
+#                   -----------------------------------
+#                   |                                 |
+#       ----------------------------    -----------------------------
+#       |  seattlerb@seattlerb.org |    | dcrubyists@richkilmer.com |
+#       ----------------------------    -----------------------------
+#            |                |                 |             |
+#     ---------------   ----------------   -----------   --------------
+#     |   drbrain   |   |   zenspider  |   | pabs@dc |   | tomcope@dc |
+#     ---------------   ----------------   -----------   --------------
+#
+#
+# Now, rather than having 4 trusted certificates (one for drbrain, zenspider,
+# pabs@dc, and tomecope@dc), a user could actually get by with one
+# certificate, the "rubygems@rubygems.org" certificate.
+#
+# Here's how it works:
+#
+# I install "rdoc-3.12.gem", a package signed by "drbrain".  I've never heard
+# of "drbrain", but his certificate has a valid signature from the
+# "seattle.rb@seattlerb.org" certificate, which in turn has a valid signature
+# from the "rubygems@rubygems.org" certificate.  Voila!  At this point, it's
+# much more reasonable for me to trust a package signed by "drbrain", because
+# I can establish a chain to "rubygems@rubygems.org", which I do trust.
+#
+# === Signing certificates
+#
+# The <code>--sign</code> option allows all this to happen.  A developer
+# creates their build certificate with the <code>--build</code> option, then
+# has their certificate signed by taking it with them to their next regional
+# Ruby meetup (in our hypothetical example), and it's signed there by the
+# person holding the regional RubyGems signing certificate, which is signed at
+# the next RubyConf by the holder of the top-level RubyGems certificate.  At
+# each point the issuer runs the same command:
+#
+#   # sign a certificate with the specified key and certificate
+#   # (note that this modifies client_cert.pem!)
+#   $ gem cert -K /mnt/floppy/issuer-priv_key.pem -C issuer-pub_cert.pem
+#      --sign client_cert.pem
+#
+# Then the holder of issued certificate (in this case, your buddy "drbrain"),
+# can start using this signed certificate to sign RubyGems.  By the way, in
+# order to let everyone else know about his new fancy signed certificate,
+# "drbrain" would save his newly signed certificate as
+# <code>~/.gem/gem-public_cert.pem</code>
+#
+# Obviously this RubyGems trust infrastructure doesn't exist yet.  Also, in
+# the "real world", issuers actually generate the child certificate from a
+# certificate request, rather than sign an existing certificate.  And our
+# hypothetical infrastructure is missing a certificate revocation system.
+# These are that can be fixed in the future...
+#
+# At this point you should know how to do all of these new and interesting
+# things:
+#
+# * build a gem signing key and certificate
+# * adjust your security policy
+# * modify your trusted certificate list
+# * sign a certificate
+#
+# == Manually verifying signatures
+#
+# In case you don't trust RubyGems you can verify gem signatures manually:
+#
+# 1. Fetch and unpack the gem
+#
+#      gem fetch some_signed_gem
+#      tar -xf some_signed_gem-1.0.gem
+#
+# 2. Grab the public key from the gemspec
+#
+#      gem spec some_signed_gem-1.0.gem cert_chain | \
+#        ruby -rpsych -e 'puts Psych.load($stdin)' > public_key.crt
+#
+# 3. Generate a SHA1 hash of the data.tar.gz
+#
+#      openssl dgst -sha1 < data.tar.gz > my.hash
+#
+# 4. Verify the signature
+#
+#      openssl rsautl -verify -inkey public_key.crt -certin \
+#        -in data.tar.gz.sig > verified.hash
+#
+# 5. Compare your hash to the verified hash
+#
+#      diff -s verified.hash my.hash
+#
+# 6. Repeat 5 and 6 with metadata.gz
+#
+# == OpenSSL Reference
+#
+# The .pem files generated by --build and --sign are PEM files.  Here's a
+# couple of useful OpenSSL commands for manipulating them:
+#
+#   # convert a PEM format X509 certificate into DER format:
+#   # (note: Windows .cer files are X509 certificates in DER format)
+#   $ openssl x509 -in input.pem -outform der -out output.der
+#
+#   # print out the certificate in a human-readable format:
+#   $ openssl x509 -in input.pem -noout -text
+#
+# And you can do the same thing with the private key file as well:
+#
+#   # convert a PEM format RSA key into DER format:
+#   $ openssl rsa -in input_key.pem -outform der -out output_key.der
+#
+#   # print out the key in a human readable format:
+#   $ openssl rsa -in input_key.pem -noout -text
+#
+# == Bugs/TODO
+#
+# * There's no way to define a system-wide trust list.
+# * custom security policies (from a YAML file, etc)
+# * Simple method to generate a signed certificate request
+# * Support for OCSP, SCVP, CRLs, or some other form of cert status check
+#   (list is in order of preference)
+# * Support for encrypted private keys
+# * Some sort of semi-formal trust hierarchy (see long-winded explanation
+#   above)
+# * Path discovery (for gem certificate chains that don't have a self-signed
+#   root) -- by the way, since we don't have this, THE ROOT OF THE CERTIFICATE
+#   CHAIN MUST BE SELF SIGNED if Policy#verify_root is true (and it is for the
+#   MediumSecurity and HighSecurity policies)
+# * Better explanation of X509 naming (ie, we don't have to use email
+#   addresses)
+# * Honor AIA field (see note about OCSP above)
+# * Honor extension restrictions
+# * Might be better to store the certificate chain as a PKCS#7 or PKCS#12
+#   file, instead of an array embedded in the metadata.
+#
+# == Original author
+#
+# Paul Duncan <pabs@pablotron.org>
+# https://pablotron.org/
+
+module Gem::Security
+  ##
+  # Gem::Security default exception type
+
+  class Exception < Gem::Exception; end
+
+  ##
+  # Used internally to select the signing digest from all computed digests
+
+  DIGEST_NAME = "SHA256" # :nodoc:
+
+  ##
+  # Length of keys created by RSA and DSA keys
+
+  RSA_DSA_KEY_LENGTH = 3072
+
+  ##
+  # Default algorithm to use when building a key pair
+
+  DEFAULT_KEY_ALGORITHM = "RSA"
+
+  ##
+  # Named curve used for Elliptic Curve
+
+  EC_NAME = "secp384r1"
+
+  ##
+  # Cipher used to encrypt the key pair used to sign gems.
+  # Must be in the list returned by OpenSSL::Cipher.ciphers
+
+  KEY_CIPHER = OpenSSL::Cipher.new("AES-256-CBC") if defined?(OpenSSL::Cipher)
+
+  ##
+  # One day in seconds
+
+  ONE_DAY = 86_400
+
+  ##
+  # One year in seconds
+
+  ONE_YEAR = ONE_DAY * 365
+
+  ##
+  # The default set of extensions are:
+  #
+  # * The certificate is not a certificate authority
+  # * The key for the certificate may be used for key and data encipherment
+  #   and digital signatures
+  # * The certificate contains a subject key identifier
+
+  EXTENSIONS = {
+    "basicConstraints" => "CA:FALSE",
+    "keyUsage" =>
+      "keyEncipherment,dataEncipherment,digitalSignature",
+    "subjectKeyIdentifier" => "hash",
+  }.freeze
+
+  def self.alt_name_or_x509_entry(certificate, x509_entry)
+    alt_name = certificate.extensions.find do |extension|
+      extension.oid == "#{x509_entry}AltName"
+    end
+
+    return alt_name.value if alt_name
+
+    certificate.send x509_entry
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Creates an unsigned certificate for +subject+ and +key+.  The lifetime of
+  # the key is from the current time to +age+ which defaults to one year.
+  #
+  # The +extensions+ restrict the key to the indicated uses.
+
+  def self.create_cert(subject, key, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS, serial = 1)
+    cert = OpenSSL::X509::Certificate.new
+
+    cert.public_key = get_public_key(key)
+    cert.version    = 2
+    cert.serial     = serial
+
+    cert.not_before = Time.now
+    cert.not_after  = Time.now + age
+
+    cert.subject    = subject
+
+    ef = OpenSSL::X509::ExtensionFactory.new nil, cert
+
+    cert.extensions = extensions.map do |ext_name, value|
+      ef.create_extension ext_name, value
+    end
+
+    cert
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Gets the right public key from a PKey instance
+
+  def self.get_public_key(key)
+    # Ruby 3.0 (Ruby/OpenSSL 2.2) or later
+    return OpenSSL::PKey.read(key.public_to_der) if key.respond_to?(:public_to_der)
+    return key.public_key unless key.is_a?(OpenSSL::PKey::EC)
+
+    ec_key = OpenSSL::PKey::EC.new(key.group.curve_name)
+    ec_key.public_key = key.public_key
+    ec_key
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Creates a self-signed certificate with an issuer and subject from +email+,
+  # a subject alternative name of +email+ and the given +extensions+ for the
+  # +key+.
+
+  def self.create_cert_email(email, key, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS)
+    subject = email_to_name email
+
+    extensions = extensions.merge "subjectAltName" => "email:#{email}"
+
+    create_cert_self_signed subject, key, age, extensions
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Creates a self-signed certificate with an issuer and subject of +subject+
+  # and the given +extensions+ for the +key+.
+
+  def self.create_cert_self_signed(subject, key, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS, serial = 1)
+    certificate = create_cert subject, key, age, extensions
+
+    sign certificate, key, certificate, age, extensions, serial
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Creates a new digest instance using the specified +algorithm+. The default
+  # is SHA256.
+
+  def self.create_digest(algorithm = DIGEST_NAME)
+    OpenSSL::Digest.new(algorithm)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Creates a new key pair of the specified +algorithm+. RSA, DSA, and EC
+  # are supported.
+
+  def self.create_key(algorithm)
+    if defined?(OpenSSL::PKey)
+      case algorithm.downcase
+      when "dsa"
+        OpenSSL::PKey::DSA.new(RSA_DSA_KEY_LENGTH)
+      when "rsa"
+        OpenSSL::PKey::RSA.new(RSA_DSA_KEY_LENGTH)
+      when "ec"
+        OpenSSL::PKey::EC.generate(EC_NAME)
+      else
+        raise Gem::Security::Exception,
+        "#{algorithm} algorithm not found. RSA, DSA, and EC algorithms are supported."
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Turns +email_address+ into an OpenSSL::X509::Name
+
+  def self.email_to_name(email_address)
+    email_address = email_address.gsub(/[^\w@.-]+/i, "_")
+
+    cn, dcs = email_address.split "@"
+
+    dcs = dcs.split "."
+
+    OpenSSL::X509::Name.new([
+      ["CN", cn],
+      *dcs.map {|dc| ["DC", dc] },
+    ])
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Signs +expired_certificate+ with +private_key+ if the keys match and the
+  # expired certificate was self-signed.
+  #--
+  # TODO increment serial
+
+  def self.re_sign(expired_certificate, private_key, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS)
+    raise Gem::Security::Exception,
+          "incorrect signing key for re-signing " +
+          expired_certificate.subject.to_s unless
+      expired_certificate.check_private_key(private_key)
+
+    unless expired_certificate.subject.to_s ==
+           expired_certificate.issuer.to_s
+      subject = alt_name_or_x509_entry expired_certificate, :subject
+      issuer  = alt_name_or_x509_entry expired_certificate, :issuer
+
+      raise Gem::Security::Exception,
+            "#{subject} is not self-signed, contact #{issuer} " \
+            "to obtain a valid certificate"
+    end
+
+    serial = expired_certificate.serial + 1
+
+    create_cert_self_signed(expired_certificate.subject, private_key, age,
+                            extensions, serial)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Resets the trust directory for verifying gems.
+
+  def self.reset
+    @trust_dir = nil
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Sign the public key from +certificate+ with the +signing_key+ and
+  # +signing_cert+, using the Gem::Security::DIGEST_NAME.  Uses the
+  # default certificate validity range and extensions.
+  #
+  # Returns the newly signed certificate.
+
+  def self.sign(certificate, signing_key, signing_cert, age = ONE_YEAR, extensions = EXTENSIONS, serial = 1)
+    signee_subject = certificate.subject
+    signee_key     = certificate.public_key
+
+    alt_name = certificate.extensions.find do |extension|
+      extension.oid == "subjectAltName"
+    end
+
+    extensions = extensions.merge "subjectAltName" => alt_name.value if
+      alt_name
+
+    issuer_alt_name = signing_cert.extensions.find do |extension|
+      extension.oid == "subjectAltName"
+    end
+
+    extensions = extensions.merge "issuerAltName" => issuer_alt_name.value if
+      issuer_alt_name
+
+    signed = create_cert signee_subject, signee_key, age, extensions, serial
+    signed.issuer = signing_cert.subject
+
+    signed.sign signing_key, Gem::Security::DIGEST_NAME
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Returns a Gem::Security::TrustDir which wraps the directory where trusted
+  # certificates live.
+
+  def self.trust_dir
+    return @trust_dir if @trust_dir
+
+    dir = File.join Gem.user_home, ".gem", "trust"
+
+    @trust_dir ||= Gem::Security::TrustDir.new dir
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Enumerates the trusted certificates via Gem::Security::TrustDir.
+
+  def self.trusted_certificates(&block)
+    trust_dir.each_certificate(&block)
+  end
+
+  ##
+  # Writes +pemmable+, which must respond to +to_pem+ to +path+ with the given
+  # +permissions+. If passed +cipher+ and +passphrase+ those arguments will be
+  # passed to +to_pem+.
+
+  def self.write(pemmable, path, permissions = 0o600, passphrase = nil, cipher = KEY_CIPHER)
+    path = File.expand_path path
+
+    File.open path, "wb", permissions do |io|
+      if passphrase && cipher
+        io.write pemmable.to_pem cipher, passphrase
+      else
+        io.write pemmable.to_pem
+      end
+    end
+
+    path
+  end
+
+  reset
+end
+
+if Gem::HAVE_OPENSSL
+  require_relative "security/policy"
+  require_relative "security/policies"
+  require_relative "security/trust_dir"
+end
+
+require_relative "security/signer"

package/lib/ruby/3.4.11/rubygems/security_option.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
+#--
+# Copyright 2006 by Chad Fowler, Rich Kilmer, Jim Weirich and others.
+# All rights reserved.
+# See LICENSE.txt for permissions.
+#++
+
+require_relative "../rubygems"
+
+# forward-declare
+
+module Gem::Security # :nodoc:
+  class Policy # :nodoc:
+  end
+end
+
+##
+# Mixin methods for security option for Gem::Commands
+
+module Gem::SecurityOption
+  def add_security_option
+    Gem::OptionParser.accept Gem::Security::Policy do |value|
+      require_relative "security"
+
+      raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, "OpenSSL not installed" unless
+        defined?(Gem::Security::HighSecurity)
+
+      policy = Gem::Security::Policies[value]
+      unless policy
+        valid = Gem::Security::Policies.keys.sort
+        raise Gem::OptionParser::InvalidArgument, "#{value} (#{valid.join ", "} are valid)"
+      end
+      policy
+    end
+
+    add_option(:"Install/Update", "-P", "--trust-policy POLICY",
+               Gem::Security::Policy,
+               "Specify gem trust policy") do |value, options|
+      options[:security_policy] = value
+    end
+  end
+end