zstd-native-ruby 1.0.0

data/vendor/zstd/programs/util.c

@@ -0,0 +1,1731 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) Meta Platforms, Inc. and affiliates.
+ * All rights reserved.
+ *
+ * This source code is licensed under both the BSD-style license (found in the
+ * LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree) and the GPLv2 (found
+ * in the COPYING file in the root directory of this source tree).
+ * You may select, at your option, one of the above-listed licenses.
+ */
+
+/*-****************************************
+*  Dependencies
+******************************************/
+#include "util.h"       /* note : ensure that platform.h is included first ! */
+#include <stdlib.h>     /* malloc, realloc, free */
+#include <stdio.h>      /* fprintf */
+#include <time.h>       /* clock_t, clock, CLOCKS_PER_SEC, nanosleep */
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+
+#if defined(__FreeBSD__)
+#include <sys/param.h> /* __FreeBSD_version */
+#endif /* #ifdef __FreeBSD__ */
+
+#if defined(_WIN32)
+#  include <sys/utime.h>  /* utime */
+#  include <io.h>         /* _chmod */
+#  define ZSTD_USE_UTIMENSAT 0
+#else
+#  include <unistd.h>     /* chown, stat */
+#  include <sys/stat.h>   /* utimensat, st_mtime */
+#  if (PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 200809L && defined(st_mtime)) \
+      || (defined(__FreeBSD__) && __FreeBSD_version >= 1100056)
+#    define ZSTD_USE_UTIMENSAT 1
+#  else
+#    define ZSTD_USE_UTIMENSAT 0
+#  endif
+#  if ZSTD_USE_UTIMENSAT
+#    include <fcntl.h>    /* AT_FDCWD */
+#  else
+#    include <utime.h>    /* utime */
+#  endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__) || defined (__MSVCRT__)
+#include <direct.h>     /* needed for _mkdir in windows */
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__linux__) || (PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 200112L)  /* opendir, readdir require POSIX.1-2001 */
+#  include <dirent.h>       /* opendir, readdir */
+#  include <string.h>       /* strerror, memcpy */
+#endif /* #ifdef _WIN32 */
+
+/*-****************************************
+*  Internal Macros
+******************************************/
+
+/* CONTROL is almost like an assert(), but is never disabled.
+ * It's designed for failures that may happen rarely,
+ * but we don't want to maintain a specific error code path for them,
+ * such as a malloc() returning NULL for example.
+ * Since it's always active, this macro can trigger side effects.
+ */
+#define CONTROL(c)  {         \
+    if (!(c)) {               \
+        UTIL_DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "Error : %s, %i : %s",  \
+                          __FILE__, __LINE__, #c);   \
+        exit(1);              \
+}   }
+
+/* console log */
+#define UTIL_DISPLAY(...)         fprintf(stderr, __VA_ARGS__)
+#define UTIL_DISPLAYLEVEL(l, ...) { if (g_utilDisplayLevel>=l) { UTIL_DISPLAY(__VA_ARGS__); } }
+
+static int g_traceDepth = 0;
+int g_traceFileStat = 0;
+
+#define UTIL_TRACE_CALL(...)                                         \
+    {                                                                \
+        if (g_traceFileStat) {                                       \
+            UTIL_DISPLAY("Trace:FileStat: %*s> ", g_traceDepth, ""); \
+            UTIL_DISPLAY(__VA_ARGS__);                               \
+            UTIL_DISPLAY("\n");                                      \
+            ++g_traceDepth;                                          \
+        }                                                            \
+    }
+
+#define UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret)                                                     \
+    {                                                                           \
+        if (g_traceFileStat) {                                                  \
+            --g_traceDepth;                                                     \
+            UTIL_DISPLAY("Trace:FileStat: %*s< %d\n", g_traceDepth, "", (ret)); \
+        }                                                                      \
+    }
+
+/* A modified version of realloc().
+ * If UTIL_realloc() fails the original block is freed.
+ */
+UTIL_STATIC void* UTIL_realloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
+{
+    void *newptr = realloc(ptr, size);
+    if (newptr) return newptr;
+    free(ptr);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    #define chmod _chmod
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ZSTD_HAVE_FCHMOD
+#if PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 199309L
+#define ZSTD_HAVE_FCHMOD
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ZSTD_HAVE_FCHOWN
+#if PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 200809L
+#define ZSTD_HAVE_FCHOWN
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/*-****************************************
+*  Console log
+******************************************/
+int g_utilDisplayLevel;
+
+int UTIL_requireUserConfirmation(const char* prompt, const char* abortMsg,
+                                 const char* acceptableLetters, int hasStdinInput) {
+    int ch, result;
+
+    if (hasStdinInput) {
+        UTIL_DISPLAY("stdin is an input - not proceeding.\n");
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    UTIL_DISPLAY("%s", prompt);
+    ch = getchar();
+    result = 0;
+    if (strchr(acceptableLetters, ch) == NULL) {
+        UTIL_DISPLAY("%s \n", abortMsg);
+        result = 1;
+    }
+    /* flush the rest */
+    while ((ch!=EOF) && (ch!='\n'))
+        ch = getchar();
+    return result;
+}
+
+
+/*-*************************************
+*  Constants
+***************************************/
+#define KB * (1 << 10)
+#define LIST_SIZE_INCREASE   (8 KB)
+#define MAX_FILE_OF_FILE_NAMES_SIZE (1<<20)*50
+
+
+/*-*************************************
+*  Functions
+***************************************/
+
+void UTIL_traceFileStat(void)
+{
+    g_traceFileStat = 1;
+}
+
+int UTIL_fstat(const int fd, const char* filename, stat_t* statbuf)
+{
+    int ret;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_stat(%d, %s)", fd, filename);
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    if (fd >= 0) {
+        ret = !_fstat64(fd, statbuf);
+    } else {
+        ret = !_stat64(filename, statbuf);
+    }
+#elif defined(__MINGW32__) && defined (__MSVCRT__)
+    if (fd >= 0) {
+        ret = !_fstati64(fd, statbuf);
+    } else {
+        ret = !_stati64(filename, statbuf);
+    }
+#else
+    if (fd >= 0) {
+        ret = !fstat(fd, statbuf);
+    } else {
+        ret = !stat(filename, statbuf);
+    }
+#endif
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int UTIL_stat(const char* filename, stat_t* statbuf)
+{
+    return UTIL_fstat(-1, filename, statbuf);
+}
+
+int UTIL_isFdRegularFile(int fd)
+{
+    stat_t statbuf;
+    int ret;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isFdRegularFile(%d)", fd);
+    ret = fd >= 0 && UTIL_fstat(fd, "", &statbuf) && UTIL_isRegularFileStat(&statbuf);
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int UTIL_isRegularFile(const char* infilename)
+{
+    stat_t statbuf;
+    int ret;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isRegularFile(%s)", infilename);
+    ret = UTIL_stat(infilename, &statbuf) && UTIL_isRegularFileStat(&statbuf);
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int UTIL_isRegularFileStat(const stat_t* statbuf)
+{
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    return (statbuf->st_mode & S_IFREG) != 0;
+#else
+    return S_ISREG(statbuf->st_mode) != 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+/* like chmod, but avoid changing permission of /dev/null */
+int UTIL_chmod(char const* filename, const stat_t* statbuf, mode_t permissions)
+{
+    return UTIL_fchmod(-1, filename, statbuf, permissions);
+}
+
+int UTIL_fchmod(const int fd, char const* filename, const stat_t* statbuf, mode_t permissions)
+{
+    stat_t localStatBuf;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_chmod(%s, %#4o)", filename, (unsigned)permissions);
+    if (statbuf == NULL) {
+        if (!UTIL_fstat(fd, filename, &localStatBuf)) {
+            UTIL_TRACE_RET(0);
+            return 0;
+        }
+        statbuf = &localStatBuf;
+    }
+    if (!UTIL_isRegularFileStat(statbuf)) {
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(0);
+        return 0; /* pretend success, but don't change anything */
+    }
+#ifdef ZSTD_HAVE_FCHMOD
+    if (fd >= 0) {
+        int ret;
+        UTIL_TRACE_CALL("fchmod");
+        ret = fchmod(fd, permissions);
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+        return ret;
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+        int ret;
+        UTIL_TRACE_CALL("chmod");
+        ret = chmod(filename, permissions);
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+        return ret;
+    }
+}
+
+/* set access and modification times */
+int UTIL_utime(const char* filename, const stat_t *statbuf)
+{
+    int ret;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_utime(%s)", filename);
+    /* We check that st_mtime is a macro here in order to give us confidence
+     * that struct stat has a struct timespec st_mtim member. We need this
+     * check because there are some platforms that claim to be POSIX 2008
+     * compliant but which do not have st_mtim... */
+    /* FreeBSD has implemented POSIX 2008 for a long time but still only
+     * advertises support for POSIX 2001. They have a version macro that
+     * lets us safely gate them in.
+     * See https://docs.freebsd.org/en/books/porters-handbook/versions/.
+     */
+#if ZSTD_USE_UTIMENSAT
+    {
+        /* (atime, mtime) */
+        struct timespec timebuf[2] = { {0, UTIME_NOW} };
+        timebuf[1] = statbuf->st_mtim;
+        ret = utimensat(AT_FDCWD, filename, timebuf, 0);
+    }
+#else
+    {
+        struct utimbuf timebuf;
+        timebuf.actime = time(NULL);
+        timebuf.modtime = statbuf->st_mtime;
+        ret = utime(filename, &timebuf);
+    }
+#endif
+    errno = 0;
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int UTIL_setFileStat(const char *filename, const stat_t *statbuf)
+{
+    return UTIL_setFDStat(-1, filename, statbuf);
+}
+
+int UTIL_setFDStat(const int fd, const char *filename, const stat_t *statbuf)
+{
+    int res = 0;
+    stat_t curStatBuf;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_setFileStat(%d, %s)", fd, filename);
+
+    if (!UTIL_fstat(fd, filename, &curStatBuf) || !UTIL_isRegularFileStat(&curStatBuf)) {
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(-1);
+        return -1;
+    }
+
+    /* Mimic gzip's behavior:
+     *
+     * "Change the group first, then the permissions, then the owner.
+     * That way, the permissions will be correct on systems that allow
+     * users to give away files, without introducing a security hole.
+     * Security depends on permissions not containing the setuid or
+     * setgid bits." */
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+#ifdef ZSTD_HAVE_FCHOWN
+    if (fd >= 0) {
+        res += fchown(fd, -1, statbuf->st_gid);  /* Apply group ownership */
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+        res += chown(filename, -1, statbuf->st_gid);  /* Apply group ownership */
+    }
+#endif
+
+    res += UTIL_fchmod(fd, filename, &curStatBuf, statbuf->st_mode & 0777);  /* Copy file permissions */
+
+#if !defined(_WIN32)
+#ifdef ZSTD_HAVE_FCHOWN
+    if (fd >= 0) {
+        res += fchown(fd, statbuf->st_uid, -1);  /* Apply user ownership */
+    } else
+#endif
+    {
+        res += chown(filename, statbuf->st_uid, -1);  /* Apply user ownership */
+    }
+#endif
+
+    errno = 0;
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(-res);
+    return -res; /* number of errors is returned */
+}
+
+int UTIL_isDirectory(const char* infilename)
+{
+    stat_t statbuf;
+    int ret;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isDirectory(%s)", infilename);
+    ret = UTIL_stat(infilename, &statbuf) && UTIL_isDirectoryStat(&statbuf);
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int UTIL_isDirectoryStat(const stat_t* statbuf)
+{
+    int ret;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isDirectoryStat()");
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    ret = (statbuf->st_mode & _S_IFDIR) != 0;
+#else
+    ret = S_ISDIR(statbuf->st_mode) != 0;
+#endif
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int UTIL_compareStr(const void *p1, const void *p2) {
+    return strcmp(* (char * const *) p1, * (char * const *) p2);
+}
+
+int UTIL_isSameFile(const char* fName1, const char* fName2)
+{
+    int ret;
+    assert(fName1 != NULL); assert(fName2 != NULL);
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isSameFile(%s, %s)", fName1, fName2);
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_WIN32)
+    /* note : Visual does not support file identification by inode.
+     *        inode does not work on Windows, even with a posix layer, like msys2.
+     *        The following work-around is limited to detecting exact name repetition only,
+     *        aka `filename` is considered different from `subdir/../filename` */
+    ret = !strcmp(fName1, fName2);
+#else
+    {   stat_t file1Stat;
+        stat_t file2Stat;
+        ret =  UTIL_stat(fName1, &file1Stat)
+            && UTIL_stat(fName2, &file2Stat)
+            && UTIL_isSameFileStat(fName1, fName2, &file1Stat, &file2Stat);
+    }
+#endif
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+int UTIL_isSameFileStat(
+        const char* fName1, const char* fName2,
+        const stat_t* file1Stat, const stat_t* file2Stat)
+{
+    int ret;
+    assert(fName1 != NULL); assert(fName2 != NULL);
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isSameFileStat(%s, %s)", fName1, fName2);
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_WIN32)
+    /* note : Visual does not support file identification by inode.
+     *        inode does not work on Windows, even with a posix layer, like msys2.
+     *        The following work-around is limited to detecting exact name repetition only,
+     *        aka `filename` is considered different from `subdir/../filename` */
+    (void)file1Stat;
+    (void)file2Stat;
+    ret = !strcmp(fName1, fName2);
+#else
+    {
+        ret =  (file1Stat->st_dev == file2Stat->st_dev)
+            && (file1Stat->st_ino == file2Stat->st_ino);
+    }
+#endif
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* UTIL_isFIFO : distinguish named pipes */
+int UTIL_isFIFO(const char* infilename)
+{
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isFIFO(%s)", infilename);
+/* macro guards, as defined in : https://linux.die.net/man/2/lstat */
+#if PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 200112L
+    {
+        stat_t statbuf;
+        if (UTIL_stat(infilename, &statbuf) && UTIL_isFIFOStat(&statbuf)) {
+            UTIL_TRACE_RET(1);
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+    (void)infilename;
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(0);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* UTIL_isFIFO : distinguish named pipes */
+int UTIL_isFIFOStat(const stat_t* statbuf)
+{
+/* macro guards, as defined in : https://linux.die.net/man/2/lstat */
+#if PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 200112L
+    if (S_ISFIFO(statbuf->st_mode)) return 1;
+#endif
+    (void)statbuf;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* process substitution */
+int UTIL_isFileDescriptorPipe(const char* filename)
+{
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isFileDescriptorPipe(%s)", filename);
+    /* Check if the filename is a /dev/fd/ path which indicates a file descriptor */
+    if (filename[0] == '/' && strncmp(filename, "/dev/fd/", 8) == 0) {
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(1);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    /* Check for alternative process substitution formats on different systems */
+    if (filename[0] == '/' && strncmp(filename, "/proc/self/fd/", 14) == 0) {
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(1);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(0);
+    return 0; /* Not recognized as a file descriptor pipe */
+}
+
+/* UTIL_isBlockDevStat : distinguish named pipes */
+int UTIL_isBlockDevStat(const stat_t* statbuf)
+{
+/* macro guards, as defined in : https://linux.die.net/man/2/lstat */
+#if PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 200112L
+    if (S_ISBLK(statbuf->st_mode)) return 1;
+#endif
+    (void)statbuf;
+    return 0;
+}
+
+int UTIL_isLink(const char* infilename)
+{
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isLink(%s)", infilename);
+/* macro guards, as defined in : https://linux.die.net/man/2/lstat */
+#if PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 200112L
+    {
+        stat_t statbuf;
+        int const r = lstat(infilename, &statbuf);
+        if (!r && S_ISLNK(statbuf.st_mode)) {
+            UTIL_TRACE_RET(1);
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+#endif
+    (void)infilename;
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(0);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int g_fakeStdinIsConsole = 0;
+static int g_fakeStderrIsConsole = 0;
+static int g_fakeStdoutIsConsole = 0;
+
+int UTIL_isConsole(FILE* file)
+{
+    int ret;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_isConsole(%d)", fileno(file));
+    if (file == stdin && g_fakeStdinIsConsole)
+        ret = 1;
+    else if (file == stderr && g_fakeStderrIsConsole)
+        ret = 1;
+    else if (file == stdout && g_fakeStdoutIsConsole)
+        ret = 1;
+    else
+        ret = IS_CONSOLE(file);
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET(ret);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+void UTIL_fakeStdinIsConsole(void)
+{
+    g_fakeStdinIsConsole = 1;
+}
+void UTIL_fakeStdoutIsConsole(void)
+{
+    g_fakeStdoutIsConsole = 1;
+}
+void UTIL_fakeStderrIsConsole(void)
+{
+    g_fakeStderrIsConsole = 1;
+}
+
+U64 UTIL_getFileSize(const char* infilename)
+{
+    stat_t statbuf;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_getFileSize(%s)", infilename);
+    if (!UTIL_stat(infilename, &statbuf)) {
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET(-1);
+        return UTIL_FILESIZE_UNKNOWN;
+    }
+    {
+        U64 const size = UTIL_getFileSizeStat(&statbuf);
+        UTIL_TRACE_RET((int)size);
+        return size;
+    }
+}
+
+U64 UTIL_getFileSizeStat(const stat_t* statbuf)
+{
+    if (!UTIL_isRegularFileStat(statbuf)) return UTIL_FILESIZE_UNKNOWN;
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+    if (!(statbuf->st_mode & S_IFREG)) return UTIL_FILESIZE_UNKNOWN;
+#elif defined(__MINGW32__) && defined (__MSVCRT__)
+    if (!(statbuf->st_mode & S_IFREG)) return UTIL_FILESIZE_UNKNOWN;
+#else
+    if (!S_ISREG(statbuf->st_mode)) return UTIL_FILESIZE_UNKNOWN;
+#endif
+    return (U64)statbuf->st_size;
+}
+
+UTIL_HumanReadableSize_t UTIL_makeHumanReadableSize(U64 size)
+{
+    UTIL_HumanReadableSize_t hrs;
+
+    if (g_utilDisplayLevel > 3) {
+        /* In verbose mode, do not scale sizes down, except in the case of
+         * values that exceed the integral precision of a double. */
+        if (size >= (1ull << 53)) {
+            hrs.value = (double)size / (1ull << 20);
+            hrs.suffix = " MiB";
+            /* At worst, a double representation of a maximal size will be
+             * accurate to better than tens of kilobytes. */
+            hrs.precision = 2;
+        } else {
+            hrs.value = (double)size;
+            hrs.suffix = " B";
+            hrs.precision = 0;
+        }
+    } else {
+        /* In regular mode, scale sizes down and use suffixes. */
+        if (size >= (1ull << 60)) {
+            hrs.value = (double)size / (1ull << 60);
+            hrs.suffix = " EiB";
+        } else if (size >= (1ull << 50)) {
+            hrs.value = (double)size / (1ull << 50);
+            hrs.suffix = " PiB";
+        } else if (size >= (1ull << 40)) {
+            hrs.value = (double)size / (1ull << 40);
+            hrs.suffix = " TiB";
+        } else if (size >= (1ull << 30)) {
+            hrs.value = (double)size / (1ull << 30);
+            hrs.suffix = " GiB";
+        } else if (size >= (1ull << 20)) {
+            hrs.value = (double)size / (1ull << 20);
+            hrs.suffix = " MiB";
+        } else if (size >= (1ull << 10)) {
+            hrs.value = (double)size / (1ull << 10);
+            hrs.suffix = " KiB";
+        } else {
+            hrs.value = (double)size;
+            hrs.suffix = " B";
+        }
+
+        if (hrs.value >= 100 || (U64)hrs.value == size) {
+            hrs.precision = 0;
+        } else if (hrs.value >= 10) {
+            hrs.precision = 1;
+        } else if (hrs.value > 1) {
+            hrs.precision = 2;
+        } else {
+            hrs.precision = 3;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return hrs;
+}
+
+U64 UTIL_getTotalFileSize(const char* const * fileNamesTable, unsigned nbFiles)
+{
+    U64 total = 0;
+    unsigned n;
+    UTIL_TRACE_CALL("UTIL_getTotalFileSize(%u)", nbFiles);
+    for (n=0; n<nbFiles; n++) {
+        U64 const size = UTIL_getFileSize(fileNamesTable[n]);
+        if (size == UTIL_FILESIZE_UNKNOWN) {
+            UTIL_TRACE_RET(-1);
+            return UTIL_FILESIZE_UNKNOWN;
+        }
+        total += size;
+    }
+    UTIL_TRACE_RET((int)total);
+    return total;
+}
+
+
+/* Read the entire content of a file into a buffer with progressive resizing */
+static char* UTIL_readFileContent(FILE* inFile, size_t* totalReadPtr)
+{
+    size_t bufSize = 64 KB;  /* Start with a reasonable buffer size */
+    size_t totalRead = 0;
+    size_t bytesRead = 0;
+    char* buf = (char*)malloc(bufSize);
+    if (buf == NULL) return NULL;
+
+
+    /* Read the file incrementally */
+    while ((bytesRead = fread(buf + totalRead, 1, bufSize - totalRead - 1, inFile)) > 0) {
+        totalRead += bytesRead;
+
+        /* If buffer is nearly full, expand it */
+        if (bufSize - totalRead < 1 KB) {
+            if (bufSize >= MAX_FILE_OF_FILE_NAMES_SIZE) {
+                /* Too large, abort */
+                free(buf);
+                return NULL;
+            }
+
+            {   size_t newBufSize = bufSize * 2;
+                if (newBufSize > MAX_FILE_OF_FILE_NAMES_SIZE)
+                    newBufSize = MAX_FILE_OF_FILE_NAMES_SIZE;
+
+                {   char* newBuf = (char*)realloc(buf, newBufSize);
+                    if (newBuf == NULL) {
+                        free(buf);
+                        return NULL;
+                    }
+
+                    buf = newBuf;
+                    bufSize = newBufSize;
+        }   }   }
+    }
+
+    /* Add null terminator to the end */
+    buf[totalRead] = '\0';
+    *totalReadPtr = totalRead;
+
+    return buf;
+}
+
+/* Process a buffer containing multiple lines and count the number of lines */
+static size_t UTIL_processLines(char* buffer, size_t bufferSize)
+{
+    size_t lineCount = 0;
+    size_t i = 0;
+
+    /* Convert newlines to null terminators and count lines */
+    while (i < bufferSize) {
+        if (buffer[i] == '\n') {
+            buffer[i] = '\0';  /* Replace newlines with null terminators */
+            lineCount++;
+        }
+        i++;
+    }
+
+    /* Count the last line if it doesn't end with a newline */
+    if (bufferSize > 0 && (i == 0 || buffer[i-1] != '\0')) {
+        lineCount++;
+    }
+
+    return lineCount;
+}
+
+/* Create an array of pointers to the lines in a buffer */
+static const char** UTIL_createLinePointers(char* buffer, size_t numLines, size_t bufferSize)
+{
+    size_t lineIndex = 0;
+    size_t pos = 0;
+    void* const bufferPtrs = malloc(numLines * sizeof(const char**));
+    const char** const linePointers = (const char**)bufferPtrs;
+    if (bufferPtrs == NULL) return NULL;
+
+    while (lineIndex < numLines && pos < bufferSize) {
+        size_t len = 0;
+        linePointers[lineIndex++] = buffer+pos;
+
+        /* Find the next null terminator, being careful not to go past the buffer */
+        while ((pos + len < bufferSize) && buffer[pos + len] != '\0') {
+            len++;
+        }
+
+        /* Move past this string and its null terminator */
+        pos += len;
+        if (pos < bufferSize) pos++;  /* Skip the null terminator if we're not at buffer end */
+    }
+
+    /* Verify we processed the expected number of lines */
+    if (lineIndex != numLines) {
+        /* Something went wrong - we didn't find as many lines as expected */
+        free(bufferPtrs);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    return linePointers;
+}
+
+FileNamesTable*
+UTIL_createFileNamesTable_fromFileList(const char* fileList)
+{
+    stat_t statbuf;
+    char* buffer = NULL;
+    size_t numLines = 0;
+    size_t bufferSize = 0;
+
+    /* Check if the input is a valid file */
+    if (!UTIL_stat(fileList, &statbuf)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* Check if the input is a supported type */
+    if (!UTIL_isRegularFileStat(&statbuf) &&
+        !UTIL_isFIFOStat(&statbuf) &&
+        !UTIL_isFileDescriptorPipe(fileList)) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* Open the input file */
+    {   FILE* const inFile = fopen(fileList, "rb");
+        if (inFile == NULL) return NULL;
+
+        /* Read the file content */
+        buffer = UTIL_readFileContent(inFile, &bufferSize);
+        fclose(inFile);
+    }
+
+    if (buffer == NULL) return NULL;
+
+    /* Process lines */
+    numLines = UTIL_processLines(buffer, bufferSize);
+    if (numLines == 0) {
+        free(buffer);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* Create line pointers */
+    {   const char** linePointers = UTIL_createLinePointers(buffer, numLines, bufferSize);
+        if (linePointers == NULL) {
+            free(buffer);
+            return NULL;
+        }
+
+        /* Create the final table */
+        return UTIL_assembleFileNamesTable(linePointers, numLines, buffer);
+    }
+}
+
+
+static FileNamesTable*
+UTIL_assembleFileNamesTable2(const char** filenames, size_t tableSize, size_t tableCapacity, char* buf)
+{
+    FileNamesTable* const table = (FileNamesTable*) malloc(sizeof(*table));
+    CONTROL(table != NULL);
+    table->fileNames = filenames;
+    table->buf = buf;
+    table->tableSize = tableSize;
+    table->tableCapacity = tableCapacity;
+    return table;
+}
+
+FileNamesTable*
+UTIL_assembleFileNamesTable(const char** filenames, size_t tableSize, char* buf)
+{
+    return UTIL_assembleFileNamesTable2(filenames, tableSize, tableSize, buf);
+}
+
+void UTIL_freeFileNamesTable(FileNamesTable* table)
+{
+    if (table==NULL) return;
+    free((void*)table->fileNames);
+    free(table->buf);
+    free(table);
+}
+
+FileNamesTable* UTIL_allocateFileNamesTable(size_t tableSize)
+{
+    const char** const fnTable = (const char**)malloc(tableSize * sizeof(*fnTable));
+    FileNamesTable* fnt;
+    if (fnTable==NULL) return NULL;
+    fnt = UTIL_assembleFileNamesTable(fnTable, tableSize, NULL);
+    fnt->tableSize = 0;   /* the table is empty */
+    return fnt;
+}
+
+int UTIL_searchFileNamesTable(FileNamesTable* table, char const* name) {
+    size_t i;
+    for(i=0 ;i < table->tableSize; i++) {
+        if(!strcmp(table->fileNames[i], name)) {
+            return (int)i;
+        }
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+void UTIL_refFilename(FileNamesTable* fnt, const char* filename)
+{
+    assert(fnt->tableSize < fnt->tableCapacity);
+    fnt->fileNames[fnt->tableSize] = filename;
+    fnt->tableSize++;
+}
+
+static size_t getTotalTableSize(FileNamesTable* table)
+{
+    size_t fnb, totalSize = 0;
+    for(fnb = 0 ; fnb < table->tableSize && table->fileNames[fnb] ; ++fnb) {
+        totalSize += strlen(table->fileNames[fnb]) + 1; /* +1 to add '\0' at the end of each fileName */
+    }
+    return totalSize;
+}
+
+FileNamesTable*
+UTIL_mergeFileNamesTable(FileNamesTable* table1, FileNamesTable* table2)
+{
+    unsigned newTableIdx = 0;
+    size_t pos = 0;
+    size_t newTotalTableSize;
+    char* buf;
+
+    FileNamesTable* const newTable = UTIL_assembleFileNamesTable(NULL, 0, NULL);
+    CONTROL( newTable != NULL );
+
+    newTotalTableSize = getTotalTableSize(table1) + getTotalTableSize(table2);
+
+    buf = (char*) calloc(newTotalTableSize, sizeof(*buf));
+    CONTROL ( buf != NULL );
+
+    newTable->buf = buf;
+    newTable->tableSize = table1->tableSize + table2->tableSize;
+    newTable->fileNames = (const char **) calloc(newTable->tableSize, sizeof(*(newTable->fileNames)));
+    CONTROL ( newTable->fileNames != NULL );
+
+    {   unsigned idx1;
+        for( idx1=0 ; (idx1 < table1->tableSize) && table1->fileNames[idx1] && (pos < newTotalTableSize); ++idx1, ++newTableIdx) {
+            size_t const curLen = strlen(table1->fileNames[idx1]);
+            memcpy(buf+pos, table1->fileNames[idx1], curLen);
+            assert(newTableIdx <= newTable->tableSize);
+            newTable->fileNames[newTableIdx] = buf+pos;
+            pos += curLen+1;
+    }   }
+
+    {   unsigned idx2;
+        for( idx2=0 ; (idx2 < table2->tableSize) && table2->fileNames[idx2] && (pos < newTotalTableSize) ; ++idx2, ++newTableIdx) {
+            size_t const curLen = strlen(table2->fileNames[idx2]);
+            memcpy(buf+pos, table2->fileNames[idx2], curLen);
+            assert(newTableIdx < newTable->tableSize);
+            newTable->fileNames[newTableIdx] = buf+pos;
+            pos += curLen+1;
+    }   }
+    assert(pos <= newTotalTableSize);
+    newTable->tableSize = newTableIdx;
+
+    UTIL_freeFileNamesTable(table1);
+    UTIL_freeFileNamesTable(table2);
+
+    return newTable;
+}
+
+#ifdef _WIN32
+static int UTIL_prepareFileList(const char* dirName,
+                                char** bufStart, size_t* pos,
+                                char** bufEnd, int followLinks)
+{
+    char* path;
+    size_t dirLength, pathLength;
+    int nbFiles = 0;
+    WIN32_FIND_DATAA cFile;
+    HANDLE hFile;
+
+    dirLength = strlen(dirName);
+    path = (char*) malloc(dirLength + 3);
+    if (!path) return 0;
+
+    memcpy(path, dirName, dirLength);
+    path[dirLength] = '\\';
+    path[dirLength+1] = '*';
+    path[dirLength+2] = 0;
+
+    hFile=FindFirstFileA(path, &cFile);
+    if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
+        UTIL_DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "Cannot open directory '%s'\n", dirName);
+        free(path);
+        return 0;
+    }
+    free(path);
+
+    do {
+        size_t const fnameLength = strlen(cFile.cFileName);
+        path = (char*) malloc(dirLength + fnameLength + 2);
+        if (!path) { FindClose(hFile); return 0; }
+        memcpy(path, dirName, dirLength);
+        path[dirLength] = '\\';
+        memcpy(path+dirLength+1, cFile.cFileName, fnameLength);
+        pathLength = dirLength+1+fnameLength;
+        path[pathLength] = 0;
+        if (cFile.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
+            if ( strcmp (cFile.cFileName, "..") == 0
+              || strcmp (cFile.cFileName, ".") == 0 )
+                continue;
+            /* Recursively call "UTIL_prepareFileList" with the new path. */
+            nbFiles += UTIL_prepareFileList(path, bufStart, pos, bufEnd, followLinks);
+            if (*bufStart == NULL) { free(path); FindClose(hFile); return 0; }
+        } else if ( (cFile.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL)
+                 || (cFile.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARCHIVE)
+                 || (cFile.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_COMPRESSED) ) {
+            if (*bufStart + *pos + pathLength >= *bufEnd) {
+                ptrdiff_t const newListSize = (*bufEnd - *bufStart) + LIST_SIZE_INCREASE;
+                *bufStart = (char*)UTIL_realloc(*bufStart, newListSize);
+                if (*bufStart == NULL) { free(path); FindClose(hFile); return 0; }
+                *bufEnd = *bufStart + newListSize;
+            }
+            if (*bufStart + *pos + pathLength < *bufEnd) {
+                memcpy(*bufStart + *pos, path, pathLength+1 /* include final \0 */);
+                *pos += pathLength + 1;
+                nbFiles++;
+        }   }
+        free(path);
+    } while (FindNextFileA(hFile, &cFile));
+
+    FindClose(hFile);
+    return nbFiles;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__linux__) || (PLATFORM_POSIX_VERSION >= 200112L)  /* opendir, readdir require POSIX.1-2001 */
+
+static int UTIL_prepareFileList(const char *dirName,
+                                char** bufStart, size_t* pos,
+                                char** bufEnd, int followLinks)
+{
+    DIR* dir;
+    struct dirent * entry;
+    size_t dirLength;
+    int nbFiles = 0;
+
+    if (!(dir = opendir(dirName))) {
+        UTIL_DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "Cannot open directory '%s': %s\n", dirName, strerror(errno));
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    dirLength = strlen(dirName);
+    errno = 0;
+    while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+        char* path;
+        size_t fnameLength, pathLength;
+        if (strcmp (entry->d_name, "..") == 0 ||
+            strcmp (entry->d_name, ".") == 0) continue;
+        fnameLength = strlen(entry->d_name);
+        path = (char*) malloc(dirLength + fnameLength + 2);
+        if (!path) { closedir(dir); return 0; }
+        memcpy(path, dirName, dirLength);
+
+        path[dirLength] = '/';
+        memcpy(path+dirLength+1, entry->d_name, fnameLength);
+        pathLength = dirLength+1+fnameLength;
+        path[pathLength] = 0;
+
+        if (!followLinks && UTIL_isLink(path)) {
+            UTIL_DISPLAYLEVEL(2, "Warning : %s is a symbolic link, ignoring\n", path);
+            free(path);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if (UTIL_isDirectory(path)) {
+            nbFiles += UTIL_prepareFileList(path, bufStart, pos, bufEnd, followLinks);  /* Recursively call "UTIL_prepareFileList" with the new path. */
+            if (*bufStart == NULL) { free(path); closedir(dir); return 0; }
+        } else {
+            if (*bufStart + *pos + pathLength >= *bufEnd) {
+                ptrdiff_t newListSize = (*bufEnd - *bufStart) + LIST_SIZE_INCREASE;
+                assert(newListSize >= 0);
+                *bufStart = (char*)UTIL_realloc(*bufStart, (size_t)newListSize);
+                if (*bufStart != NULL) {
+                    *bufEnd = *bufStart + newListSize;
+                } else {
+                    free(path); closedir(dir); return 0;
+                }
+            }
+            if (*bufStart + *pos + pathLength < *bufEnd) {
+                memcpy(*bufStart + *pos, path, pathLength + 1);  /* with final \0 */
+                *pos += pathLength + 1;
+                nbFiles++;
+        }   }
+        free(path);
+        errno = 0; /* clear errno after UTIL_isDirectory, UTIL_prepareFileList */
+    }
+
+    if (errno != 0) {
+        UTIL_DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "readdir(%s) error: %s \n", dirName, strerror(errno));
+        free(*bufStart);
+        *bufStart = NULL;
+    }
+    closedir(dir);
+    return nbFiles;
+}
+
+#else
+
+static int UTIL_prepareFileList(const char *dirName,
+                                char** bufStart, size_t* pos,
+                                char** bufEnd, int followLinks)
+{
+    (void)bufStart; (void)bufEnd; (void)pos; (void)followLinks;
+    UTIL_DISPLAYLEVEL(1, "Directory %s ignored (compiled without _WIN32 or _POSIX_C_SOURCE) \n", dirName);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* #ifdef _WIN32 */
+
+int UTIL_isCompressedFile(const char *inputName, const char *extensionList[])
+{
+  const char* ext = UTIL_getFileExtension(inputName);
+  while(*extensionList!=NULL)
+  {
+    const int isCompressedExtension = strcmp(ext,*extensionList);
+    if(isCompressedExtension==0)
+      return 1;
+    ++extensionList;
+  }
+   return 0;
+}
+
+/*Utility function to get file extension from file */
+const char* UTIL_getFileExtension(const char* infilename)
+{
+   const char* extension = strrchr(infilename, '.');
+   if(!extension || extension==infilename) return "";
+   return extension;
+}
+
+static int pathnameHas2Dots(const char *pathname)
+{
+    /* We need to figure out whether any ".." present in the path is a whole
+     * path token, which is the case if it is bordered on both sides by either
+     * the beginning/end of the path or by a directory separator.
+     */
+    const char *needle = pathname;
+    while (1) {
+        needle = strstr(needle, "..");
+
+        if (needle == NULL) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+
+        if ((needle == pathname || needle[-1] == PATH_SEP)
+         && (needle[2] == '\0' || needle[2] == PATH_SEP)) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+
+        /* increment so we search for the next match */
+        needle++;
+    };
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static int isFileNameValidForMirroredOutput(const char *filename)
+{
+    return !pathnameHas2Dots(filename);
+}
+
+
+#define DIR_DEFAULT_MODE 0755
+static mode_t getDirMode(const char *dirName)
+{
+    stat_t st;
+    if (!UTIL_stat(dirName, &st)) {
+        UTIL_DISPLAY("zstd: failed to get DIR stats %s: %s\n", dirName, strerror(errno));
+        return DIR_DEFAULT_MODE;
+    }
+    if (!UTIL_isDirectoryStat(&st)) {
+        UTIL_DISPLAY("zstd: expected directory: %s\n", dirName);
+        return DIR_DEFAULT_MODE;
+    }
+    return st.st_mode;
+}
+
+static int makeDir(const char *dir, mode_t mode)
+{
+#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__) || defined (__MSVCRT__)
+    int ret = _mkdir(dir);
+    (void) mode;
+#else
+    int ret = mkdir(dir, mode);
+#endif
+    if (ret != 0) {
+        if (errno == EEXIST)
+            return 0;
+        UTIL_DISPLAY("zstd: failed to create DIR %s: %s\n", dir, strerror(errno));
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* this function requires a mutable input string */
+static void convertPathnameToDirName(char *pathname)
+{
+    size_t len = 0;
+    char* pos = NULL;
+    /* get dir name from pathname similar to 'dirname()' */
+    assert(pathname != NULL);
+
+    /* remove trailing '/' chars */
+    len = strlen(pathname);
+    assert(len > 0);
+    while (pathname[len] == PATH_SEP) {
+        pathname[len] = '\0';
+        len--;
+    }
+    if (len == 0) return;
+
+    /* if input is a single file, return '.' instead. i.e.
+     * "xyz/abc/file.txt" => "xyz/abc"
+       "./file.txt"       => "."
+       "file.txt"         => "."
+     */
+    pos = strrchr(pathname, PATH_SEP);
+    if (pos == NULL) {
+        pathname[0] = '.';
+        pathname[1] = '\0';
+    } else {
+        *pos = '\0';
+    }
+}
+
+/* pathname must be valid */
+static const char* trimLeadingRootChar(const char *pathname)
+{
+    assert(pathname != NULL);
+    if (pathname[0] == PATH_SEP)
+        return pathname + 1;
+    return pathname;
+}
+
+/* pathname must be valid */
+static const char* trimLeadingCurrentDirConst(const char *pathname)
+{
+    assert(pathname != NULL);
+    if ((pathname[0] == '.') && (pathname[1] == PATH_SEP))
+        return pathname + 2;
+    return pathname;
+}
+
+static char*
+trimLeadingCurrentDir(char *pathname)
+{
+    /* 'union charunion' can do const-cast without compiler warning */
+    union charunion {
+        char *chr;
+        const char* cchr;
+    } ptr;
+    ptr.cchr = trimLeadingCurrentDirConst(pathname);
+    return ptr.chr;
+}
+
+/* remove leading './' or '/' chars here */
+static const char * trimPath(const char *pathname)
+{
+    return trimLeadingRootChar(
+            trimLeadingCurrentDirConst(pathname));
+}
+
+static char* mallocAndJoin2Dir(const char *dir1, const char *dir2)
+{
+    assert(dir1 != NULL && dir2 != NULL);
+    {   const size_t dir1Size = strlen(dir1);
+        const size_t dir2Size = strlen(dir2);
+        char *outDirBuffer, *buffer;
+
+        outDirBuffer = (char *) malloc(dir1Size + dir2Size + 2);
+        CONTROL(outDirBuffer != NULL);
+
+        memcpy(outDirBuffer, dir1, dir1Size);
+        outDirBuffer[dir1Size] = '\0';
+
+        buffer = outDirBuffer + dir1Size;
+        if (dir1Size > 0 && *(buffer - 1) != PATH_SEP) {
+            *buffer = PATH_SEP;
+            buffer++;
+        }
+        memcpy(buffer, dir2, dir2Size);
+        buffer[dir2Size] = '\0';
+
+        return outDirBuffer;
+    }
+}
+
+/* this function will return NULL if input srcFileName is not valid name for mirrored output path */
+char* UTIL_createMirroredDestDirName(const char* srcFileName, const char* outDirRootName)
+{
+    char* pathname = NULL;
+    if (!isFileNameValidForMirroredOutput(srcFileName))
+        return NULL;
+
+    pathname = mallocAndJoin2Dir(outDirRootName, trimPath(srcFileName));
+
+    convertPathnameToDirName(pathname);
+    return pathname;
+}
+
+static int
+mirrorSrcDir(char* srcDirName, const char* outDirName)
+{
+    mode_t srcMode;
+    int status = 0;
+    char* newDir = mallocAndJoin2Dir(outDirName, trimPath(srcDirName));
+    if (!newDir)
+        return -ENOMEM;
+
+    srcMode = getDirMode(srcDirName);
+    status = makeDir(newDir, srcMode);
+    free(newDir);
+    return status;
+}
+
+static int
+mirrorSrcDirRecursive(char* srcDirName, const char* outDirName)
+{
+    int status = 0;
+    char* pp = trimLeadingCurrentDir(srcDirName);
+    char* sp = NULL;
+
+    while ((sp = strchr(pp, PATH_SEP)) != NULL) {
+        if (sp != pp) {
+            *sp = '\0';
+            status = mirrorSrcDir(srcDirName, outDirName);
+            if (status != 0)
+                return status;
+            *sp = PATH_SEP;
+        }
+        pp = sp + 1;
+    }
+    status = mirrorSrcDir(srcDirName, outDirName);
+    return status;
+}
+
+static void
+makeMirroredDestDirsWithSameSrcDirMode(char** srcDirNames, unsigned nbFile, const char* outDirName)
+{
+    unsigned int i = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < nbFile; i++)
+        mirrorSrcDirRecursive(srcDirNames[i], outDirName);
+}
+
+static int
+firstIsParentOrSameDirOfSecond(const char* firstDir, const char* secondDir)
+{
+    size_t firstDirLen  = strlen(firstDir),
+           secondDirLen = strlen(secondDir);
+    return firstDirLen <= secondDirLen &&
+           (secondDir[firstDirLen] == PATH_SEP || secondDir[firstDirLen] == '\0') &&
+           0 == strncmp(firstDir, secondDir, firstDirLen);
+}
+
+static int compareDir(const void* pathname1, const void* pathname2) {
+    /* sort it after remove the leading '/'  or './'*/
+    const char* s1 = trimPath(*(char * const *) pathname1);
+    const char* s2 = trimPath(*(char * const *) pathname2);
+    return strcmp(s1, s2);
+}
+
+static void
+makeUniqueMirroredDestDirs(char** srcDirNames, unsigned nbFile, const char* outDirName)
+{
+    unsigned int i = 0, uniqueDirNr = 0;
+    char** uniqueDirNames = NULL;
+
+    if (nbFile == 0)
+        return;
+
+    uniqueDirNames = (char** ) malloc(nbFile * sizeof (char *));
+    CONTROL(uniqueDirNames != NULL);
+
+    /* if dirs is "a/b/c" and "a/b/c/d", we only need call:
+     * we just need "a/b/c/d" */
+    qsort((void *)srcDirNames, nbFile, sizeof(char*), compareDir);
+
+    uniqueDirNr = 1;
+    uniqueDirNames[uniqueDirNr - 1] = srcDirNames[0];
+    for (i = 1; i < nbFile; i++) {
+        char* prevDirName = srcDirNames[i - 1];
+        char* currDirName = srcDirNames[i];
+
+        /* note: we always compare trimmed path, i.e.:
+         * src dir of "./foo" and "/foo" will be both saved into:
+         * "outDirName/foo/" */
+        if (!firstIsParentOrSameDirOfSecond(trimPath(prevDirName),
+                                            trimPath(currDirName)))
+            uniqueDirNr++;
+
+        /* we need to maintain original src dir name instead of trimmed
+         * dir, so we can retrieve the original src dir's mode_t */
+        uniqueDirNames[uniqueDirNr - 1] = currDirName;
+    }
+
+    makeMirroredDestDirsWithSameSrcDirMode(uniqueDirNames, uniqueDirNr, outDirName);
+
+    free(uniqueDirNames);
+}
+
+static void
+makeMirroredDestDirs(char** srcFileNames, unsigned nbFile, const char* outDirName)
+{
+    unsigned int i = 0;
+    for (i = 0; i < nbFile; ++i)
+        convertPathnameToDirName(srcFileNames[i]);
+    makeUniqueMirroredDestDirs(srcFileNames, nbFile, outDirName);
+}
+
+void UTIL_mirrorSourceFilesDirectories(const char** inFileNames, unsigned int nbFile, const char* outDirName)
+{
+    unsigned int i = 0, validFilenamesNr = 0;
+    char** srcFileNames = (char **) malloc(nbFile * sizeof (char *));
+    CONTROL(srcFileNames != NULL);
+
+    /* check input filenames is valid */
+    for (i = 0; i < nbFile; ++i) {
+        if (isFileNameValidForMirroredOutput(inFileNames[i])) {
+            char* fname = STRDUP(inFileNames[i]);
+            CONTROL(fname != NULL);
+            srcFileNames[validFilenamesNr++] = fname;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (validFilenamesNr > 0) {
+        makeDir(outDirName, DIR_DEFAULT_MODE);
+        makeMirroredDestDirs(srcFileNames, validFilenamesNr, outDirName);
+    }
+
+    for (i = 0; i < validFilenamesNr; i++)
+        free(srcFileNames[i]);
+    free(srcFileNames);
+}
+
+FileNamesTable*
+UTIL_createExpandedFNT(const char* const* inputNames, size_t nbIfns, int followLinks)
+{
+    unsigned nbFiles;
+    char* buf = (char*)malloc(LIST_SIZE_INCREASE);
+    char* bufend = buf + LIST_SIZE_INCREASE;
+
+    if (!buf) return NULL;
+
+    {   size_t ifnNb, pos;
+        for (ifnNb=0, pos=0, nbFiles=0; ifnNb<nbIfns; ifnNb++) {
+            if (!UTIL_isDirectory(inputNames[ifnNb])) {
+                size_t const len = strlen(inputNames[ifnNb]);
+                if (buf + pos + len >= bufend) {
+                    ptrdiff_t newListSize = (bufend - buf) + LIST_SIZE_INCREASE;
+                    assert(newListSize >= 0);
+                    buf = (char*)UTIL_realloc(buf, (size_t)newListSize);
+                    if (!buf) return NULL;
+                    bufend = buf + newListSize;
+                }
+                if (buf + pos + len < bufend) {
+                    memcpy(buf+pos, inputNames[ifnNb], len+1);  /* including final \0 */
+                    pos += len + 1;
+                    nbFiles++;
+                }
+            } else {
+                nbFiles += (unsigned)UTIL_prepareFileList(inputNames[ifnNb], &buf, &pos, &bufend, followLinks);
+                if (buf == NULL) return NULL;
+    }   }   }
+
+    /* note : even if nbFiles==0, function returns a valid, though empty, FileNamesTable* object */
+
+    {   size_t ifnNb, pos;
+        size_t const fntCapacity = nbFiles + 1;  /* minimum 1, allows adding one reference, typically stdin */
+        const char** const fileNamesTable = (const char**)malloc(fntCapacity * sizeof(*fileNamesTable));
+        if (!fileNamesTable) { free(buf); return NULL; }
+
+        for (ifnNb = 0, pos = 0; ifnNb < nbFiles; ifnNb++) {
+            fileNamesTable[ifnNb] = buf + pos;
+            if (buf + pos > bufend) { free(buf); free((void*)fileNamesTable); return NULL; }
+            pos += strlen(fileNamesTable[ifnNb]) + 1;
+        }
+        return UTIL_assembleFileNamesTable2(fileNamesTable, nbFiles, fntCapacity, buf);
+    }
+}
+
+
+void UTIL_expandFNT(FileNamesTable** fnt, int followLinks)
+{
+    FileNamesTable* const newFNT = UTIL_createExpandedFNT((*fnt)->fileNames, (*fnt)->tableSize, followLinks);
+    CONTROL(newFNT != NULL);
+    UTIL_freeFileNamesTable(*fnt);
+    *fnt = newFNT;
+}
+
+FileNamesTable* UTIL_createFNT_fromROTable(const char** filenames, size_t nbFilenames)
+{
+    size_t const sizeof_FNTable = nbFilenames * sizeof(*filenames);
+    const char** const newFNTable = (const char**)malloc(sizeof_FNTable);
+    if (newFNTable==NULL) return NULL;
+    memcpy((void*)newFNTable, filenames, sizeof_FNTable);  /* void* : mitigate a Visual compiler bug or limitation */
+    return UTIL_assembleFileNamesTable(newFNTable, nbFilenames, NULL);
+}
+
+
+/*-****************************************
+*  count the number of cores
+******************************************/
+
+#if defined(_WIN32) || defined(WIN32)
+
+#include <windows.h>
+
+typedef BOOL(WINAPI* LPFN_GLPI)(PSYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION, PDWORD);
+
+DWORD CountSetBits(ULONG_PTR bitMask)
+{
+    DWORD LSHIFT = sizeof(ULONG_PTR)*8 - 1;
+    DWORD bitSetCount = 0;
+    ULONG_PTR bitTest = (ULONG_PTR)1 << LSHIFT;
+    DWORD i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i <= LSHIFT; ++i)
+    {
+        bitSetCount += ((bitMask & bitTest)?1:0);
+        bitTest/=2;
+    }
+
+    return bitSetCount;
+}
+
+int UTIL_countCores(int logical)
+{
+    static int numCores = 0;
+    if (numCores != 0) return numCores;
+
+    {   LPFN_GLPI glpi;
+        BOOL done = FALSE;
+        PSYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION buffer = NULL;
+        PSYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION ptr = NULL;
+        DWORD returnLength = 0;
+        size_t byteOffset = 0;
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+/* Visual Studio does not like the following cast */
+#   pragma warning( disable : 4054 )  /* conversion from function ptr to data ptr */
+#   pragma warning( disable : 4055 )  /* conversion from data ptr to function ptr */
+#endif
+        glpi = (LPFN_GLPI)(void*)GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle(TEXT("kernel32")),
+                                               "GetLogicalProcessorInformation");
+
+        if (glpi == NULL) {
+            goto failed;
+        }
+
+        while(!done) {
+            DWORD rc = glpi(buffer, &returnLength);
+            if (FALSE == rc) {
+                if (GetLastError() == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
+                    if (buffer)
+                        free(buffer);
+                    buffer = (PSYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION)malloc(returnLength);
+
+                    if (buffer == NULL) {
+                        perror("zstd");
+                        exit(1);
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    /* some other error */
+                    goto failed;
+                }
+            } else {
+                done = TRUE;
+        }   }
+
+        ptr = buffer;
+
+        while (byteOffset + sizeof(SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION) <= returnLength) {
+
+            if (ptr->Relationship == RelationProcessorCore) {
+                if (logical)
+                    numCores += CountSetBits(ptr->ProcessorMask);
+                else
+                    numCores++;
+            }
+
+            ptr++;
+            byteOffset += sizeof(SYSTEM_LOGICAL_PROCESSOR_INFORMATION);
+        }
+
+        free(buffer);
+
+        return numCores;
+    }
+
+failed:
+    /* try to fall back on GetSystemInfo */
+    {   SYSTEM_INFO sysinfo;
+        GetSystemInfo(&sysinfo);
+        numCores = sysinfo.dwNumberOfProcessors;
+        if (numCores == 0) numCores = 1; /* just in case */
+    }
+    return numCores;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__APPLE__)
+
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+
+/* Use apple-provided syscall
+ * see: man 3 sysctl */
+int UTIL_countCores(int logical)
+{
+    static S32 numCores = 0; /* apple specifies int32_t */
+    if (numCores != 0) return numCores;
+
+    {   size_t size = sizeof(S32);
+        int const ret = sysctlbyname(logical ? "hw.logicalcpu" : "hw.physicalcpu", &numCores, &size, NULL, 0);
+        if (ret != 0) {
+            if (errno == ENOENT) {
+                /* entry not present, fall back on 1 */
+                numCores = 1;
+            } else {
+                perror("zstd: can't get number of cpus");
+                exit(1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return numCores;
+    }
+}
+
+#elif defined(__linux__)
+
+/* parse /proc/cpuinfo
+ * siblings / cpu cores should give hyperthreading ratio
+ * otherwise fall back on sysconf */
+int UTIL_countCores(int logical)
+{
+    static int numCores = 0;
+
+    if (numCores != 0) return numCores;
+
+    numCores = (int)sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+    if (numCores == -1) {
+        /* value not queryable, fall back on 1 */
+        return numCores = 1;
+    }
+
+    /* try to determine if there's hyperthreading */
+    {   FILE* const cpuinfo = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
+#define BUF_SIZE 80
+        char buff[BUF_SIZE];
+
+        int siblings = 0;
+        int cpu_cores = 0;
+        int ratio = 1;
+
+        if (cpuinfo == NULL) {
+            /* fall back on the sysconf value */
+            return numCores;
+        }
+
+        /* assume the cpu cores/siblings values will be constant across all
+         * present processors */
+        while (!feof(cpuinfo)) {
+            if (fgets(buff, BUF_SIZE, cpuinfo) != NULL) {
+                if (strncmp(buff, "siblings", 8) == 0) {
+                    const char* const sep = strchr(buff, ':');
+                    if (sep == NULL || *sep == '\0') {
+                        /* formatting was broken? */
+                        goto failed;
+                    }
+
+                    siblings = atoi(sep + 1);
+                }
+                if (strncmp(buff, "cpu cores", 9) == 0) {
+                    const char* const sep = strchr(buff, ':');
+                    if (sep == NULL || *sep == '\0') {
+                        /* formatting was broken? */
+                        goto failed;
+                    }
+
+                    cpu_cores = atoi(sep + 1);
+                }
+            } else if (ferror(cpuinfo)) {
+                /* fall back on the sysconf value */
+                goto failed;
+        }   }
+        if (siblings && cpu_cores && siblings > cpu_cores) {
+            ratio = siblings / cpu_cores;
+        }
+
+        if (ratio && numCores > ratio && !logical) {
+            numCores = numCores / ratio;
+        }
+
+failed:
+        fclose(cpuinfo);
+        return numCores;
+    }
+}
+
+#elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
+
+#include <sys/sysctl.h>
+
+/* Use physical core sysctl when available
+ * see: man 4 smp, man 3 sysctl */
+int UTIL_countCores(int logical)
+{
+    static int numCores = 0; /* freebsd sysctl is native int sized */
+#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1300008
+    static int perCore = 1;
+#endif
+    if (numCores != 0) return numCores;
+
+#if __FreeBSD_version >= 1300008
+    {   size_t size = sizeof(numCores);
+        int ret = sysctlbyname("kern.smp.cores", &numCores, &size, NULL, 0);
+        if (ret == 0) {
+            if (logical) {
+                ret = sysctlbyname("kern.smp.threads_per_core", &perCore, &size, NULL, 0);
+                /* default to physical cores if logical cannot be read */
+                if (ret == 0)
+                    numCores *= perCore;
+            }
+
+            return numCores;
+        }
+        if (errno != ENOENT) {
+            perror("zstd: can't get number of cpus");
+            exit(1);
+        }
+        /* sysctl not present, fall through to older sysconf method */
+    }
+#else
+    /* suppress unused parameter warning */
+    (void) logical;
+#endif
+
+    numCores = (int)sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+    if (numCores == -1) {
+        /* value not queryable, fall back on 1 */
+        numCores = 1;
+    }
+    return numCores;
+}
+
+#elif defined(__NetBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
+
+/* Use POSIX sysconf
+ * see: man 3 sysconf */
+int UTIL_countCores(int logical)
+{
+    static int numCores = 0;
+
+    /* suppress unused parameter warning */
+    (void)logical;
+
+    if (numCores != 0) return numCores;
+
+    numCores = (int)sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+    if (numCores == -1) {
+        /* value not queryable, fall back on 1 */
+        return numCores = 1;
+    }
+    return numCores;
+}
+
+#else
+
+int UTIL_countCores(int logical)
+{
+    /* suppress unused parameter warning */
+    (void)logical;
+
+    /* assume 1 */
+    return 1;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+int UTIL_countPhysicalCores(void)
+{
+    return UTIL_countCores(0);
+}
+
+int UTIL_countLogicalCores(void)
+{
+    return UTIL_countCores(1);
+}