zeroc-ice 3.6b1

data/ext/ice/cpp/src/Ice/ConnectionFactory.h

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+// **********************************************************************
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2003-2014 ZeroC, Inc. All rights reserved.
+//
+// This copy of Ice is licensed to you under the terms described in the
+// ICE_LICENSE file included in this distribution.
+//
+// **********************************************************************
+
+#ifndef ICE_CONNECTION_FACTORY_H
+#define ICE_CONNECTION_FACTORY_H
+
+#include <IceUtil/Mutex.h>
+#include <IceUtil/Monitor.h>
+#include <Ice/CommunicatorF.h>
+#include <Ice/ConnectionFactoryF.h>
+#include <Ice/ConnectionI.h>
+#include <Ice/InstanceF.h>
+#include <Ice/ObjectAdapterF.h>
+#include <Ice/EndpointIF.h>
+#include <Ice/Endpoint.h>
+#include <Ice/ConnectorF.h>
+#include <Ice/AcceptorF.h>
+#include <Ice/TransceiverF.h>
+#include <Ice/RouterInfoF.h>
+#include <Ice/EventHandler.h>
+#include <Ice/EndpointI.h>
+#include <Ice/InstrumentationF.h>
+#include <Ice/ACMF.h>
+
+#include <list>
+#include <set>
+
+namespace Ice
+{
+
+class LocalException;
+class ObjectAdapterI;
+typedef IceUtil::Handle<ObjectAdapterI> ObjectAdapterIPtr;
+
+}
+
+namespace IceInternal
+{
+
+class OutgoingConnectionFactory : virtual public IceUtil::Shared, public IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>
+{
+public:
+
+    class CreateConnectionCallback : virtual public IceUtil::Shared
+    {
+    public:
+
+        virtual void setConnection(const Ice::ConnectionIPtr&, bool) = 0;
+        virtual void setException(const Ice::LocalException&) = 0;
+    };
+    typedef IceUtil::Handle<CreateConnectionCallback> CreateConnectionCallbackPtr;
+
+    void destroy();
+
+    void updateConnectionObservers();
+
+    void waitUntilFinished();
+
+    void create(const std::vector<EndpointIPtr>&, bool, Ice::EndpointSelectionType,
+                const CreateConnectionCallbackPtr&);
+    void setRouterInfo(const RouterInfoPtr&);
+    void removeAdapter(const Ice::ObjectAdapterPtr&);
+    void flushAsyncBatchRequests(const CommunicatorFlushBatchPtr&);
+
+private:
+
+    OutgoingConnectionFactory(const Ice::CommunicatorPtr&, const InstancePtr&);
+    virtual ~OutgoingConnectionFactory();
+    friend class Instance;
+
+    struct ConnectorInfo
+    {
+        ConnectorInfo(const ConnectorPtr& c, const EndpointIPtr& e) : connector(c), endpoint(e)
+        {
+        }
+
+        bool operator==(const ConnectorInfo& other) const;
+
+        ConnectorPtr connector;
+        EndpointIPtr endpoint;
+    };
+
+    class ConnectCallback : public Ice::ConnectionI::StartCallback, public IceInternal::EndpointI_connectors
+    {
+    public:
+
+        ConnectCallback(const InstancePtr&, const OutgoingConnectionFactoryPtr&, const std::vector<EndpointIPtr>&, bool,
+                        const CreateConnectionCallbackPtr&, Ice::EndpointSelectionType);
+
+        virtual void connectionStartCompleted(const Ice::ConnectionIPtr&);
+        virtual void connectionStartFailed(const Ice::ConnectionIPtr&, const Ice::LocalException&);
+
+        virtual void connectors(const std::vector<ConnectorPtr>&);
+        virtual void exception(const Ice::LocalException&);
+
+        void getConnectors();
+        void nextEndpoint();
+
+        void getConnection();
+        void nextConnector();
+
+        void setConnection(const Ice::ConnectionIPtr&, bool);
+        void setException(const Ice::LocalException&);
+
+        bool hasConnector(const ConnectorInfo&);
+        bool removeConnectors(const std::vector<ConnectorInfo>&);
+        void removeFromPending();
+
+        bool operator<(const ConnectCallback&) const;
+
+    private:
+
+        const InstancePtr _instance;
+        const OutgoingConnectionFactoryPtr _factory;
+        const std::vector<EndpointIPtr> _endpoints;
+        const bool _hasMore;
+        const CreateConnectionCallbackPtr _callback;
+        const Ice::EndpointSelectionType _selType;
+        Ice::Instrumentation::ObserverPtr _observer;
+        std::vector<EndpointIPtr>::const_iterator _endpointsIter;
+        std::vector<ConnectorInfo> _connectors;
+        std::vector<ConnectorInfo>::const_iterator _iter;
+    };
+    typedef IceUtil::Handle<ConnectCallback> ConnectCallbackPtr;
+    friend class ConnectCallback;
+
+    std::vector<EndpointIPtr> applyOverrides(const std::vector<EndpointIPtr>&);
+    Ice::ConnectionIPtr findConnection(const std::vector<EndpointIPtr>&, bool&);
+    void incPendingConnectCount();
+    void decPendingConnectCount();
+    Ice::ConnectionIPtr getConnection(const std::vector<ConnectorInfo>&, const ConnectCallbackPtr&, bool&);
+    void finishGetConnection(const std::vector<ConnectorInfo>&, const ConnectorInfo&, const Ice::ConnectionIPtr&,
+                             const ConnectCallbackPtr&);
+    void finishGetConnection(const std::vector<ConnectorInfo>&, const Ice::LocalException&, const ConnectCallbackPtr&);
+
+    bool addToPending(const ConnectCallbackPtr&, const std::vector<ConnectorInfo>&);
+    void removeFromPending(const ConnectCallbackPtr&, const std::vector<ConnectorInfo>&);
+
+    Ice::ConnectionIPtr findConnection(const std::vector<ConnectorInfo>&, bool&);
+    Ice::ConnectionIPtr createConnection(const TransceiverPtr&, const ConnectorInfo&);
+
+    void handleException(const Ice::LocalException&, bool);
+    void handleConnectionException(const Ice::LocalException&, bool);
+
+    Ice::CommunicatorPtr _communicator;
+    const InstancePtr _instance;
+    const FactoryACMMonitorPtr _monitor;
+    bool _destroyed;
+
+    std::multimap<ConnectorPtr, Ice::ConnectionIPtr> _connections;
+    std::map<ConnectorPtr, std::set<ConnectCallbackPtr> > _pending;
+
+    std::multimap<EndpointIPtr, Ice::ConnectionIPtr> _connectionsByEndpoint;
+    int _pendingConnectCount;
+};
+
+class IncomingConnectionFactory : public EventHandler,
+                                  public Ice::ConnectionI::StartCallback,
+                                  public IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>
+
+{
+public:
+
+    void activate();
+    void hold();
+    void destroy();
+
+    void updateConnectionObservers();
+
+    void waitUntilHolding() const;
+    void waitUntilFinished();
+
+    EndpointIPtr endpoint() const;
+    std::list<Ice::ConnectionIPtr> connections() const;
+    void flushAsyncBatchRequests(const CommunicatorFlushBatchPtr&);
+
+    //
+    // Operations from EventHandler
+    //
+
+#if defined(ICE_USE_IOCP) || defined(ICE_OS_WINRT)
+    virtual bool startAsync(SocketOperation);
+    virtual bool finishAsync(SocketOperation);
+#endif
+
+    virtual void message(ThreadPoolCurrent&);
+    virtual void finished(ThreadPoolCurrent&, bool);
+    virtual std::string toString() const;
+    virtual NativeInfoPtr getNativeInfo();
+
+    virtual void connectionStartCompleted(const Ice::ConnectionIPtr&);
+    virtual void connectionStartFailed(const Ice::ConnectionIPtr&, const Ice::LocalException&);
+
+private:
+
+    IncomingConnectionFactory(const InstancePtr&, const EndpointIPtr&, const Ice::ObjectAdapterIPtr&);
+    void initialize(const std::string&);
+    virtual ~IncomingConnectionFactory();
+    friend class Ice::ObjectAdapterI;
+
+    enum State
+    {
+        StateActive,
+        StateHolding,
+        StateClosed,
+        StateFinished
+    };
+
+    void setState(State);
+    void closeAcceptor(bool);
+
+    const InstancePtr _instance;
+    const FactoryACMMonitorPtr _monitor;
+
+    const AcceptorPtr _acceptor;
+    const TransceiverPtr _transceiver;
+    const EndpointIPtr _endpoint;
+
+    Ice::ObjectAdapterIPtr _adapter;
+
+    const bool _warn;
+
+    std::set<Ice::ConnectionIPtr> _connections;
+
+    State _state;
+};
+
+}
+
+#endif

data/ext/ice/cpp/src/Ice/ConnectionI.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,3876 @@
+// **********************************************************************
+//
+// Copyright (c) 2003-2014 ZeroC, Inc. All rights reserved.
+//
+// This copy of Ice is licensed to you under the terms described in the
+// ICE_LICENSE file included in this distribution.
+//
+// **********************************************************************
+
+#include <IceUtil/DisableWarnings.h>
+#include <Ice/ConnectionI.h>
+#include <Ice/Instance.h>
+#include <Ice/LoggerUtil.h>
+#include <Ice/Properties.h>
+#include <Ice/TraceUtil.h>
+#include <Ice/TraceLevels.h>
+#include <Ice/DefaultsAndOverrides.h>
+#include <Ice/Transceiver.h>
+#include <Ice/ThreadPool.h>
+#include <Ice/ACM.h>
+#include <Ice/ObjectAdapterI.h> // For getThreadPool() and getServantManager().
+#include <Ice/EndpointI.h>
+#include <Ice/Outgoing.h>
+#include <Ice/OutgoingAsync.h>
+#include <Ice/Incoming.h>
+#include <Ice/LocalException.h>
+#include <Ice/RequestHandler.h> // For RetryException
+#include <Ice/ReferenceFactory.h> // For createProxy().
+#include <Ice/ProxyFactory.h> // For createProxy().
+#ifndef ICE_OS_WINRT
+#    include <bzlib.h>
+#endif
+
+using namespace std;
+using namespace Ice;
+using namespace Ice::Instrumentation;
+using namespace IceInternal;
+
+Ice::LocalObject* Ice::upCast(ConnectionI* p) { return p; }
+
+namespace
+{
+
+const ::std::string __flushBatchRequests_name = "flushBatchRequests";
+
+
+class TimeoutCallback : public IceUtil::TimerTask
+{
+public:
+
+    TimeoutCallback(Ice::ConnectionI* connection) : _connection(connection)
+    {
+    }
+
+    void
+    runTimerTask()
+    {
+        _connection->timedOut();
+    }
+
+private:
+
+    Ice::ConnectionI* _connection;
+};
+
+class DispatchCall : public DispatchWorkItem
+{
+public:
+
+    DispatchCall(const ConnectionIPtr& connection, const ConnectionI::StartCallbackPtr& startCB,
+                 const vector<ConnectionI::OutgoingMessage>& sentCBs, Byte compress, Int requestId,
+                 Int invokeNum, const ServantManagerPtr& servantManager, const ObjectAdapterPtr& adapter,
+                 const OutgoingAsyncPtr& outAsync, const ConnectionCallbackPtr& heartbeatCallback,
+                 BasicStream& stream) :
+        DispatchWorkItem(connection),
+        _connection(connection),
+        _startCB(startCB),
+        _sentCBs(sentCBs),
+        _compress(compress),
+        _requestId(requestId),
+        _invokeNum(invokeNum),
+        _servantManager(servantManager),
+        _adapter(adapter),
+        _outAsync(outAsync),
+        _heartbeatCallback(heartbeatCallback),
+        _stream(stream.instance(), currentProtocolEncoding)
+    {
+        _stream.swap(stream);
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    run()
+    {
+        _connection->dispatch(_startCB, _sentCBs, _compress, _requestId, _invokeNum, _servantManager, _adapter,
+                              _outAsync, _heartbeatCallback, _stream);
+    }
+
+private:
+
+    const ConnectionIPtr _connection;
+    const ConnectionI::StartCallbackPtr _startCB;
+    const vector<ConnectionI::OutgoingMessage> _sentCBs;
+    const Byte _compress;
+    const Int _requestId;
+    const Int _invokeNum;
+    const ServantManagerPtr _servantManager;
+    const ObjectAdapterPtr _adapter;
+    const OutgoingAsyncPtr _outAsync;
+    const ConnectionCallbackPtr _heartbeatCallback;
+    BasicStream _stream;
+};
+
+class FinishCall : public DispatchWorkItem
+{
+public:
+
+    FinishCall(const Ice::ConnectionIPtr& connection, bool close) : 
+        DispatchWorkItem(connection), _connection(connection), _close(close)
+    {
+    }
+
+    virtual void
+    run()
+    {
+        _connection->finish(_close);
+    }
+
+private:
+    
+    const ConnectionIPtr _connection;
+    const bool _close;
+};
+
+ConnectionState connectionStateMap[] = {
+    ConnectionStateValidating,   // StateNotInitialized
+    ConnectionStateValidating,   // StateNotValidated
+    ConnectionStateActive,       // StateActive
+    ConnectionStateHolding,      // StateHolding
+    ConnectionStateClosing,      // StateClosing
+    ConnectionStateClosing,      // StateClosingPending
+    ConnectionStateClosed,       // StateClosed
+    ConnectionStateClosed,       // StateFinished
+};
+
+}
+
+Ice::ConnectionI::Observer::Observer() : _readStreamPos(0), _writeStreamPos(0)
+{
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::Observer::startRead(const Buffer& buf)
+{
+    if(_readStreamPos)
+    {
+        assert(!buf.b.empty());
+        _observer->receivedBytes(static_cast<int>(buf.i - _readStreamPos));
+    }
+    _readStreamPos = buf.b.empty() ? 0 : buf.i;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::Observer::finishRead(const Buffer& buf)
+{
+    if(_readStreamPos == 0)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    assert(buf.i >= _readStreamPos);
+    _observer->receivedBytes(static_cast<int>(buf.i - _readStreamPos));
+    _readStreamPos = 0;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::Observer::startWrite(const Buffer& buf)
+{
+    if(_writeStreamPos)
+    {
+        assert(!buf.b.empty());
+        _observer->sentBytes(static_cast<int>(buf.i - _writeStreamPos));
+    }
+    _writeStreamPos = buf.b.empty() ? 0 : buf.i;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::Observer::finishWrite(const Buffer& buf)
+{
+    if(_writeStreamPos == 0)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    if(buf.i > _writeStreamPos)
+    {
+        _observer->sentBytes(static_cast<int>(buf.i - _writeStreamPos));
+    }
+    _writeStreamPos = 0;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::Observer::attach(const Ice::Instrumentation::ConnectionObserverPtr& observer)
+{
+    ObserverHelperT<Ice::Instrumentation::ConnectionObserver>::attach(observer);
+    if(!observer)
+    {
+        _writeStreamPos = 0;
+        _readStreamPos = 0;
+    }
+}
+
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::OutgoingMessage::adopt(BasicStream* str)
+{
+    if(adopted)
+    {
+        if(str)
+        {
+            delete stream;
+            stream = 0;
+            adopted = false;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            return; // Stream is already adopted.
+        }
+    }
+    else if(!str)
+    {
+        if(out || outAsync)
+        {
+            return; // Adopting request stream is not necessary.
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            str = stream; // Adopt this stream
+            stream = 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    assert(str);
+    stream = new BasicStream(str->instance(), currentProtocolEncoding);
+    stream->swap(*str);
+    adopted = true;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::OutgoingMessage::canceled(bool adoptStream)
+{
+    assert((out || outAsync)); // Only requests can timeout.
+    out = 0;
+    outAsync = 0;
+    if(adoptStream)
+    {
+        adopt(0); // Adopt the request stream
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        assert(!adopted);
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::OutgoingMessage::sent()
+{
+    if(adopted)
+    {
+        delete stream;
+    }
+    stream = 0;
+
+    if(out)
+    {
+        out->sent();
+    }
+    else if(outAsync)
+    {
+#if defined(ICE_USE_IOCP) || defined(ICE_OS_WINRT)
+        invokeSent = outAsync->sent();
+        return invokeSent || receivedReply;
+#else
+        return outAsync->sent();
+#endif
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::OutgoingMessage::completed(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+{
+    if(out)
+    {
+        out->completed(ex);
+    }
+    else if(outAsync)
+    {
+        if(outAsync->completed(ex))
+        {
+            outAsync->invokeCompleted();
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(adopted)
+    {
+        delete stream;
+    }
+    stream = 0;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::start(const StartCallbackPtr& callback)
+{
+    try
+    {
+        IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+        if(_state >= StateClosed) // The connection might already be closed if the communicator was destroyed.
+        {
+            assert(_exception.get());
+            _exception->ice_throw();
+        }
+
+        if(!initialize() || !validate())
+        {
+            if(callback)
+            {
+                _startCallback = callback;
+                return;
+            }
+
+            //
+            // Wait for the connection to be validated.
+            //
+            while(_state <= StateNotValidated)
+            {
+                wait();
+            }
+
+            if(_state >= StateClosing)
+            {
+                assert(_exception.get());
+                _exception->ice_throw();
+            }
+        }
+
+        //
+        // We start out in holding state.
+        //
+        setState(StateHolding);
+    }
+    catch(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        exception(ex);
+        if(callback)
+        {
+            callback->connectionStartFailed(this, *_exception.get());
+            return;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            waitUntilFinished();
+            throw;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(callback)
+    {
+        callback->connectionStartCompleted(this);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::activate()
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_state <= StateNotValidated)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    if(_acmLastActivity != IceUtil::Time())
+    {
+        _acmLastActivity = IceUtil::Time::now(IceUtil::Time::Monotonic);
+    }
+    setState(StateActive);
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::hold()
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_state <= StateNotValidated)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    setState(StateHolding);
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::destroy(DestructionReason reason)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    switch(reason)
+    {
+        case ObjectAdapterDeactivated:
+        {
+            setState(StateClosing, ObjectAdapterDeactivatedException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case CommunicatorDestroyed:
+        {
+            setState(StateClosing, CommunicatorDestroyedException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::close(bool force)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    if(force)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ForcedCloseConnectionException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        //
+        // If we do a graceful shutdown, then we wait until all
+        // outstanding requests have been completed. Otherwise, the
+        // CloseConnectionException will cause all outstanding
+        // requests to be retried, regardless of whether the server
+        // has processed them or not.
+        //
+        while(!_requests.empty() || !_asyncRequests.empty())
+        {
+            wait();
+        }
+
+        setState(StateClosing, CloseConnectionException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::isActiveOrHolding() const
+{
+    //
+    // We can not use trylock here, otherwise the outgoing connection
+    // factory might return destroyed (closing or closed) connections,
+    // resulting in connection retry exhaustion.
+    //
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    return _state > StateNotValidated && _state < StateClosing;
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::isFinished() const
+{
+    //
+    // We can use trylock here, because as long as there are still
+    // threads operating in this connection object, connection
+    // destruction is considered as not yet finished.
+    //
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::TryLock sync(*this);
+
+    if(!sync.acquired())
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if(_state != StateFinished || _dispatchCount != 0)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    assert(_state == StateFinished);
+    return true;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::throwException() const
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    if(_exception.get())
+    {
+        assert(_state >= StateClosing);
+        _exception->ice_throw();
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::waitUntilHolding() const
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    while(_state < StateHolding || _dispatchCount > 0)
+    {
+        wait();
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::waitUntilFinished()
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    //
+    // We wait indefinitely until the connection is finished and all
+    // outstanding requests are completed. Otherwise we couldn't
+    // guarantee that there are no outstanding calls when deactivate()
+    // is called on the servant locators.
+    //
+    while(_state < StateFinished || _dispatchCount > 0)
+    {
+        wait();
+    }
+
+    assert(_state == StateFinished);
+
+    //
+    // Clear the OA. See bug 1673 for the details of why this is necessary.
+    //
+    _adapter = 0;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::updateObserver()
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_state < StateNotValidated || _state > StateClosed)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    assert(_instance->initializationData().observer);
+    _observer.attach(_instance->initializationData().observer->getConnectionObserver(initConnectionInfo(),
+                                                                                     _endpoint,
+                                                                                     toConnectionState(_state),
+                                                                                     _observer.get()));
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::monitor(const IceUtil::Time& now, const ACMConfig& acm)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_state != StateActive)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    assert(acm.timeout != IceUtil::Time());
+
+    //
+    // We send a heartbeat if there was no activity in the last
+    // (timeout / 4) period. Sending a heartbeat sooner than really
+    // needed is safer to ensure that the receiver will receive in
+    // time the heartbeat. Sending the heartbeat if there was no
+    // activity in the last (timeout / 2) period isn't enough since
+    // monitor() is called only every (timeout / 2) period.
+    //
+    // Note that this doesn't imply that we are sending 4 heartbeats
+    // per timeout period because the monitor() method is sill only
+    // called every (timeout / 2) period.
+    //
+    if(acm.heartbeat == HeartbeatAlways ||
+       (acm.heartbeat != HeartbeatOff && _writeStream.b.empty() && now >= (_acmLastActivity + acm.timeout / 4)))
+    {
+        if(acm.heartbeat != HeartbeatOnInvocation || _dispatchCount > 0)
+        {
+            heartbeat();
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(static_cast<Int>(_readStream.b.size()) > headerSize || !_writeStream.b.empty())
+    {
+        //
+        // If writing or reading, nothing to do, the connection
+        // timeout will kick-in if writes or reads don't progress.
+        // This check is necessary because the actitivy timer is
+        // only set when a message is fully read/written.
+        //
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if(acm.close != CloseOff && now >= (_acmLastActivity + acm.timeout))
+    {
+        if(acm.close == CloseOnIdleForceful ||
+           (acm.close != CloseOnIdle && (!_requests.empty() || !_asyncRequests.empty())))
+        {
+            //
+            // Close the connection if we didn't receive a heartbeat in
+            // the last period.
+            //
+            setState(StateClosed, ConnectionTimeoutException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+        }
+        else if(acm.close != CloseOnInvocation &&
+                _dispatchCount == 0 && _batchStream.b.empty() && _requests.empty() && _asyncRequests.empty())
+        {
+            //
+            // The connection is idle, close it.
+            //
+            setState(StateClosing, ConnectionTimeoutException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::sendRequest(Outgoing* out, bool compress, bool response)
+{
+    BasicStream* os = out->os();
+
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_exception.get())
+    {
+        //
+        // If the connection is closed before we even have a chance
+        // to send our request, we always try to send the request
+        // again.
+        //
+        throw RetryException(*_exception.get());
+    }
+
+    assert(_state > StateNotValidated);
+    assert(_state < StateClosing);
+
+    //
+    // Ensure the message isn't bigger than what we can send with the
+    // transport.
+    //
+    _transceiver->checkSendSize(*os);
+
+    Int requestId = 0;
+    if(response)
+    {
+        //
+        // Create a new unique request ID.
+        //
+        requestId = _nextRequestId++;
+        if(requestId <= 0)
+        {
+            _nextRequestId = 1;
+            requestId = _nextRequestId++;
+        }
+
+        //
+        // Fill in the request ID.
+        //
+        const Byte* p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&requestId);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+        reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), os->b.begin() + headerSize);
+#else
+        copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), os->b.begin() + headerSize);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    out->attachRemoteObserver(initConnectionInfo(), _endpoint, requestId);
+
+    //
+    // Send the message. If it can't be sent without blocking the message is added
+    // to _sendStreams and it will be sent by the selector thread.
+    //
+    bool sent = false;
+    try
+    {
+        OutgoingMessage message(out, os, compress, requestId);
+        sent = sendMessage(message) & AsyncStatusSent;
+    }
+    catch(const LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+        assert(_exception.get());
+        _exception->ice_throw();
+    }
+
+    if(response)
+    {
+        //
+        // Add to the requests map.
+        //
+        _requestsHint = _requests.insert(_requests.end(), pair<const Int, Outgoing*>(requestId, out));
+    }
+
+    return sent;
+}
+
+AsyncStatus
+Ice::ConnectionI::sendAsyncRequest(const OutgoingAsyncPtr& out, bool compress, bool response)
+{
+    BasicStream* os = out->getOs();
+
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_exception.get())
+    {
+        //
+        // If the exception is closed before we even have a chance
+        // to send our request, we always try to send the request
+        // again.
+        //
+        throw RetryException(*_exception.get());
+    }
+
+    assert(_state > StateNotValidated);
+    assert(_state < StateClosing);
+
+    //
+    // Ensure the message isn't bigger than what we can send with the
+    // transport.
+    //
+    _transceiver->checkSendSize(*os);
+
+    //
+    // Notify the request that it's cancelable with this connection. 
+    // This will throw if the request is canceled.
+    //
+    out->cancelable(this); 
+
+    Int requestId = 0;
+    if(response)
+    {
+        //
+        // Create a new unique request ID.
+        //
+        requestId = _nextRequestId++;
+        if(requestId <= 0)
+        {
+            _nextRequestId = 1;
+            requestId = _nextRequestId++;
+        }
+
+        //
+        // Fill in the request ID.
+        //
+        const Byte* p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&requestId);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+        reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), os->b.begin() + headerSize);
+#else
+        copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), os->b.begin() + headerSize);
+#endif
+    }
+
+    out->attachRemoteObserver(initConnectionInfo(), _endpoint, requestId);
+
+    AsyncStatus status = AsyncStatusQueued;
+    try
+    {
+        OutgoingMessage message(out, os, compress, requestId);
+        status = sendMessage(message);
+    }
+    catch(const LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+        assert(_exception.get());
+        _exception->ice_throw();
+    }
+
+    if(response)
+    {
+        //
+        // Add to the async requests map.
+        //
+        _asyncRequestsHint = _asyncRequests.insert(_asyncRequests.end(),
+                                                   pair<const Int, OutgoingAsyncPtr>(requestId, out));
+    }
+    return status;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::prepareBatchRequest(BasicStream* os)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    //
+    // Wait if flushing is currently in progress.
+    //
+    while(_batchStreamInUse && !_exception.get())
+    {
+        wait();
+    }
+
+    if(_exception.get())
+    {
+        //
+        // If there were no batch requests queued when the connection failed, we can safely
+        // retry with a new connection. Otherwise, we must throw to notify the caller that
+        // some previous batch requests were not sent.
+        //
+        if(_batchStream.b.empty())
+        {
+            throw RetryException(*_exception.get());
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            _exception->ice_throw();
+        }
+    }
+
+    assert(_state > StateNotValidated);
+    assert(_state < StateClosing);
+
+    if(_batchStream.b.empty())
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            _batchStream.writeBlob(requestBatchHdr, sizeof(requestBatchHdr));
+        }
+        catch(const LocalException& ex)
+        {
+            setState(StateClosed, ex);
+            ex.ice_throw();
+        }
+    }
+
+    _batchStreamInUse = true;
+    _batchMarker = _batchStream.b.size();
+    _batchStream.swap(*os);
+
+    //
+    // The batch stream now belongs to the caller, until
+    // finishBatchRequest() or abortBatchRequest() is called.
+    //
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::finishBatchRequest(BasicStream* os, bool compress)
+{
+    try
+    {
+        IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+        //
+        // Get the batch stream back.
+        //
+        _batchStream.swap(*os);
+
+        if(_exception.get())
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        bool flush = false;
+        if(_batchAutoFlushSize > 0)
+        {
+            if(_batchStream.b.size() > _batchAutoFlushSize)
+            {
+                flush = true;
+            }
+            
+            //
+            // Throw memory limit exception if the first message added causes us to
+            // go over limit. Otherwise put aside the marshalled message that caused
+            // limit to be exceeded and rollback stream to the marker.
+            //
+            try
+            {
+                _transceiver->checkSendSize(_batchStream);
+            }
+            catch(const Ice::Exception&)
+            {
+                if(_batchRequestNum > 0)
+                {
+                    flush = true;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    throw;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(flush)
+        {
+            //
+            // Temporarily save the last request.
+            //
+            vector<Ice::Byte> lastRequest(_batchStream.b.begin() + _batchMarker, _batchStream.b.end());
+            _batchStream.b.resize(_batchMarker);
+
+            //
+            // Send the batch stream without the last request.
+            //
+            try
+            {
+                //
+                // Fill in the number of requests in the batch.
+                //
+                const Byte* p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&_batchRequestNum);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+                reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), _batchStream.b.begin() + headerSize);
+#else
+                copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), _batchStream.b.begin() + headerSize);
+#endif
+
+                OutgoingMessage message(&_batchStream, _batchRequestCompress);
+                sendMessage(message);
+            }
+            catch(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+            {
+                setState(StateClosed, ex);
+                assert(_exception.get());
+                _exception->ice_throw();
+            }
+
+            //
+            // Reset the batch.
+            //
+            BasicStream dummy(_instance.get(), currentProtocolEncoding);
+            _batchStream.swap(dummy);
+            _batchRequestNum = 0;
+            _batchRequestCompress = false;
+            _batchMarker = 0;
+
+            //
+            // Start a new batch with the last message that caused us to go over the limit.
+            //
+            _batchStream.writeBlob(requestBatchHdr, sizeof(requestBatchHdr));
+            _batchStream.writeBlob(&lastRequest[0], lastRequest.size());
+        }
+
+        //
+        // Increment the number of requests in the batch.
+        //
+        ++_batchRequestNum;
+
+        //
+        // We compress the whole batch if there is at least one compressed
+        // message.
+        //
+        if(compress)
+        {
+            _batchRequestCompress = true;
+        }
+
+        //
+        // Notify about the batch stream not being in use anymore.
+        //
+        assert(_batchStreamInUse);
+        _batchStreamInUse = false;
+        notifyAll();
+    }
+    catch(const Ice::LocalException&)
+    {
+        abortBatchRequest();
+        throw;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::abortBatchRequest()
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    BasicStream dummy(_instance.get(), currentProtocolEncoding);
+    _batchStream.swap(dummy);
+    _batchRequestNum = 0;
+    _batchRequestCompress = false;
+    _batchMarker = 0;
+
+    assert(_batchStreamInUse);
+    _batchStreamInUse = false;
+    notifyAll();
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::flushBatchRequests()
+{
+    FlushBatch out(this, _instance.get(), __flushBatchRequests_name);
+    out.invoke();
+}
+
+AsyncResultPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::begin_flushBatchRequests()
+{
+    return __begin_flushBatchRequests(__dummyCallback, 0);
+}
+
+AsyncResultPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::begin_flushBatchRequests(const CallbackPtr& cb, const LocalObjectPtr& cookie)
+{
+    return __begin_flushBatchRequests(cb, cookie);
+}
+
+AsyncResultPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::begin_flushBatchRequests(const Callback_Connection_flushBatchRequestsPtr& cb,
+                                           const LocalObjectPtr& cookie)
+{
+    return __begin_flushBatchRequests(cb, cookie);
+}
+
+AsyncResultPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::begin_flushBatchRequests(const IceInternal::Function<void (const Exception&)>& exception,
+                                           const IceInternal::Function<void (bool)>& sent)
+{
+#ifdef ICE_CPP11
+    class Cpp11CB : public IceInternal::Cpp11FnCallbackNC
+    {
+    public:
+
+        Cpp11CB(const IceInternal::Function<void (const Exception&)>& excb,
+                const IceInternal::Function<void (bool)>& sentcb) :
+            IceInternal::Cpp11FnCallbackNC(excb, sentcb)
+        {
+            CallbackBase::checkCallback(true, excb != nullptr);
+        }
+
+        virtual void
+        completed(const AsyncResultPtr& __result) const
+        {
+            ConnectionPtr __con = __result->getConnection();
+            assert(__con);
+            try
+            {
+                __con->end_flushBatchRequests(__result);
+                assert(false);
+            }
+            catch(const Exception& ex)
+            {
+                IceInternal::Cpp11FnCallbackNC::exception(__result, ex);
+            }
+        }
+    };
+
+    return __begin_flushBatchRequests(new Cpp11CB(exception, sent), 0);
+#else
+    assert(false); // Ice not built with C++11 support.
+    return 0;
+#endif    
+}
+
+AsyncResultPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::__begin_flushBatchRequests(const CallbackBasePtr& cb, const LocalObjectPtr& cookie)
+{
+    ConnectionFlushBatchPtr result = new ConnectionFlushBatch(this, 
+                                                              _communicator, 
+                                                              _instance, 
+                                                              __flushBatchRequests_name, 
+                                                              cb,
+                                                              cookie);
+    result->invoke();
+    return result;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::end_flushBatchRequests(const AsyncResultPtr& r)
+{
+    AsyncResult::__check(r, this, __flushBatchRequests_name);
+    r->__wait();
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::flushBatchRequests(OutgoingBase* out)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    while(_batchStreamInUse && !_exception.get())
+    {
+        wait();
+    }
+
+    if(_exception.get())
+    {
+        _exception->ice_throw();
+    }
+
+    if(_batchRequestNum == 0)
+    {
+        out->sent();
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Fill in the number of requests in the batch.
+    //
+    const Byte* p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&_batchRequestNum);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+    reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), _batchStream.b.begin() + headerSize);
+#else
+    copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), _batchStream.b.begin() + headerSize);
+#endif
+    _batchStream.swap(*out->os());
+
+    out->attachRemoteObserver(initConnectionInfo(), _endpoint, 0);
+
+    //
+    // Send the batch stream.
+    //
+    bool sent = false;
+    try
+    {
+        OutgoingMessage message(out, out->os(), _batchRequestCompress, 0);
+        sent = sendMessage(message) & AsyncStatusSent;
+    }
+    catch(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+        assert(_exception.get());
+        _exception->ice_throw();
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Reset the batch stream.
+    //
+    BasicStream dummy(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding);
+    _batchStream.swap(dummy);
+    _batchRequestNum = 0;
+    _batchRequestCompress = false;
+    _batchMarker = 0;
+    return sent;
+}
+
+AsyncStatus
+Ice::ConnectionI::flushAsyncBatchRequests(const OutgoingAsyncBasePtr& outAsync)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    while(_batchStreamInUse && !_exception.get())
+    {
+        wait();
+    }
+
+    if(_exception.get())
+    {
+        _exception->ice_throw();
+    }
+
+    if(_batchRequestNum == 0)
+    {
+        AsyncStatus status = AsyncStatusSent;
+        if(outAsync->sent())
+        {
+            status = static_cast<AsyncStatus>(status | AsyncStatusInvokeSentCallback);
+        }
+        return status;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Notify the request that it's cancelable with this connection. 
+    // This will throw if the request is canceled.
+    //
+    outAsync->cancelable(this); 
+
+    //
+    // Fill in the number of requests in the batch.
+    //
+    const Byte* p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&_batchRequestNum);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+    reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), _batchStream.b.begin() + headerSize);
+#else
+    copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), _batchStream.b.begin() + headerSize);
+#endif
+    _batchStream.swap(*outAsync->getOs());
+
+    outAsync->attachRemoteObserver(initConnectionInfo(), _endpoint, 0);
+
+    //
+    // Send the batch stream.
+    //
+    AsyncStatus status = AsyncStatusQueued;
+    try
+    {
+        OutgoingMessage message(outAsync, outAsync->getOs(), _batchRequestCompress, 0);
+        status = sendMessage(message);
+    }
+    catch(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+        assert(_exception.get());
+        _exception->ice_throw();
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Reset the batch stream.
+    //
+    BasicStream dummy(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding);
+    _batchStream.swap(dummy);
+    _batchRequestNum = 0;
+    _batchRequestCompress = false;
+    _batchMarker = 0;
+    return status;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::setCallback(const ConnectionCallbackPtr& callback)
+{
+    {
+        IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+        if(_state >= StateClosed)
+        {
+            if(callback)
+            {
+                class CallbackWorkItem : public DispatchWorkItem
+                {
+                public:
+
+                    CallbackWorkItem(const ConnectionIPtr& connection, const ConnectionCallbackPtr& callback) :
+                        _connection(connection),
+                        _callback(callback)
+                    {
+                    }
+
+                    virtual void run()
+                    {
+                        _connection->closeCallback(_callback);
+                    }
+
+                private:
+
+                    const ConnectionIPtr _connection;
+                    const ConnectionCallbackPtr _callback;
+                };
+                _threadPool->dispatch(new CallbackWorkItem(this, callback));
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            _callback = callback;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::closeCallback(const ConnectionCallbackPtr& callback)
+{
+    try
+    {
+        callback->closed(this);
+    }
+    catch(const std::exception& ex)
+    {
+        Error out(_instance->initializationData().logger);
+        out << "connection callback exception:\n" << ex << '\n' << _desc;
+    }
+    catch(...)
+    {
+        Error out(_instance->initializationData().logger);
+        out << "connection callback exception:\nunknown c++ exception" << '\n' << _desc;
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::setACM(const IceUtil::Optional<int>& timeout,
+                         const IceUtil::Optional<Ice::ACMClose>& close,
+                         const IceUtil::Optional<Ice::ACMHeartbeat>& heartbeat)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(!_monitor || _state >= StateClosed)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if(_state == StateActive)
+    {
+        _monitor->remove(this);
+    }
+    _monitor = _monitor->acm(timeout, close, heartbeat);
+
+    if(_monitor->getACM().timeout <= 0)
+    {
+        _acmLastActivity = IceUtil::Time(); // Disable the recording of last activity.
+    }
+    else if(_acmLastActivity == IceUtil::Time() && _state == StateActive)
+    {
+        _acmLastActivity = IceUtil::Time::now(IceUtil::Time::Monotonic);
+    }
+
+    if(_state == StateActive)
+    {
+        _monitor->add(this);
+    }
+}
+
+ACM
+Ice::ConnectionI::getACM()
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    ACM acm;
+    acm.timeout = 0;
+    acm.close = CloseOff;
+    acm.heartbeat = HeartbeatOff;
+    return _monitor ? _monitor->getACM() : acm;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::requestCanceled(OutgoingBase* out, const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_state >= StateClosed)
+    {
+        return; // The request has already been or will be shortly notified of the failure.
+    }
+
+    for(deque<OutgoingMessage>::iterator o = _sendStreams.begin(); o != _sendStreams.end(); ++o)
+    {
+        if(o->out == out)
+        {
+            if(o->requestId)
+            {
+                if(_requestsHint != _requests.end() && _requestsHint->second == dynamic_cast<Outgoing*>(out))
+                {
+                    _requests.erase(_requestsHint);
+                    _requestsHint = _requests.end();
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    _requests.erase(o->requestId);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(dynamic_cast<const Ice::ConnectionTimeoutException*>(&ex))
+            {
+                setState(StateClosed, ex);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                //
+                // If the request is being sent, don't remove it from the send streams,
+                // it will be removed once the sending is finished.
+                //
+                if(o == _sendStreams.begin())
+                {
+                    o->canceled(true); // true = adopt the stream.
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    o->canceled(false);
+                    _sendStreams.erase(o);
+                }
+                out->completed(ex);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    Outgoing* o = dynamic_cast<Outgoing*>(out);
+    if(o)
+    {
+        if(_requestsHint != _requests.end() && _requestsHint->second == o)
+        {
+            if(dynamic_cast<const Ice::ConnectionTimeoutException*>(&ex))
+            {
+                setState(StateClosed, ex);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                o->completed(ex);
+                _requests.erase(_requestsHint);
+                _requestsHint = _requests.end();
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            for(map<Int, Outgoing*>::iterator p = _requests.begin(); p != _requests.end(); ++p)
+            {
+                if(p->second == o)
+                {
+                    if(dynamic_cast<const Ice::ConnectionTimeoutException*>(&ex))
+                    {
+                        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        o->completed(ex);
+                        assert(p != _requestsHint);
+                        _requests.erase(p);
+                    }
+                    return; // We're done.
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::asyncRequestCanceled(const OutgoingAsyncBasePtr& outAsync, const LocalException& ex)
+{
+    //
+    // NOTE: This isn't called from a thread pool thread.
+    //
+
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_state >= StateClosed)
+    {
+        return; // The request has already been or will be shortly notified of the failure.
+    }
+    
+    for(deque<OutgoingMessage>::iterator o = _sendStreams.begin(); o != _sendStreams.end(); ++o)
+    {
+        if(o->outAsync.get() == outAsync.get())
+        {
+            if(o->requestId)
+            {
+                if(_asyncRequestsHint != _asyncRequests.end() &&
+                   _asyncRequestsHint->second == OutgoingAsyncPtr::dynamicCast(outAsync))
+                {
+                    _asyncRequests.erase(_asyncRequestsHint);
+                    _asyncRequestsHint = _asyncRequests.end();
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    _asyncRequests.erase(o->requestId);
+                }
+            }
+            
+            if(dynamic_cast<const Ice::ConnectionTimeoutException*>(&ex))
+            {
+                setState(StateClosed, ex);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                //
+                // If the request is being sent, don't remove it from the send streams,
+                // it will be removed once the sending is finished.
+                //
+                if(o == _sendStreams.begin())
+                {
+                    o->canceled(true); // true = adopt the stream
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    o->canceled(false);
+                    _sendStreams.erase(o);
+                }
+                if(outAsync->completed(ex))
+                {
+                    outAsync->invokeCompletedAsync();
+                }
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+        
+    OutgoingAsyncPtr o = OutgoingAsyncPtr::dynamicCast(outAsync);
+    if(o)
+    {
+        if(_asyncRequestsHint != _asyncRequests.end())
+        {
+            if(_asyncRequestsHint->second == o)
+            {
+                if(dynamic_cast<const Ice::ConnectionTimeoutException*>(&ex))
+                {
+                    setState(StateClosed, ex);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    _asyncRequests.erase(_asyncRequestsHint);
+                    _asyncRequestsHint = _asyncRequests.end(); 
+                    if(outAsync->completed(ex))
+                    {
+                        outAsync->invokeCompletedAsync();
+                    }
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        
+        for(map<Int, OutgoingAsyncPtr>::iterator p = _asyncRequests.begin(); p != _asyncRequests.end(); ++p)
+        {
+            if(p->second.get() == o.get())
+            {
+                if(dynamic_cast<const Ice::ConnectionTimeoutException*>(&ex))
+                {
+                    setState(StateClosed, ex);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    assert(p != _asyncRequestsHint);
+                    _asyncRequests.erase(p);
+                    if(outAsync->completed(ex))
+                    {
+                        outAsync->invokeCompletedAsync();
+                    }
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::sendResponse(Int, BasicStream* os, Byte compressFlag, bool /*amd*/)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    assert(_state > StateNotValidated);
+
+    try
+    {
+        if(--_dispatchCount == 0)
+        {
+            if(_state == StateFinished)
+            {
+                reap();
+            }
+            notifyAll();
+        }
+
+        if(_state >= StateClosed)
+        {
+            assert(_exception.get());
+            _exception->ice_throw();
+        }
+
+        OutgoingMessage message(os, compressFlag > 0);
+        sendMessage(message);
+
+        if(_state == StateClosing && _dispatchCount == 0)
+        {
+            initiateShutdown();
+        }
+
+        return;
+    }
+    catch(const LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::sendNoResponse()
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    assert(_state > StateNotValidated);
+
+    try
+    {
+        if(--_dispatchCount == 0)
+        {
+            if(_state == StateFinished)
+            {
+                reap();
+            }
+            notifyAll();
+        }
+
+        if(_state >= StateClosed)
+        {
+            assert(_exception.get());
+            _exception->ice_throw();
+        }
+
+        if(_state == StateClosing && _dispatchCount == 0)
+        {
+            initiateShutdown();
+        }
+    }
+    catch(const LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::systemException(Int, const SystemException&, bool /*amd*/)
+{
+    return false; // System exceptions aren't marshalled.
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::invokeException(Ice::Int, const LocalException& ex, int invokeNum, bool /*amd*/)
+{
+    //
+    // Fatal exception while invoking a request. Since sendResponse/sendNoResponse isn't
+    // called in case of a fatal exception we decrement _dispatchCount here.
+    //
+
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    setState(StateClosed, ex);
+
+    if(invokeNum > 0)
+    {
+        assert(_dispatchCount >= invokeNum);
+        _dispatchCount -= invokeNum;
+        if(_dispatchCount == 0)
+        {
+            if(_state == StateFinished)
+            {
+                reap();
+            }
+            notifyAll();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+EndpointIPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::endpoint() const
+{
+    return _endpoint; // No mutex protection necessary, _endpoint is immutable.
+}
+
+ConnectorPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::connector() const
+{
+    return _connector; // No mutex protection necessary, _connector is immutable.
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::setAdapter(const ObjectAdapterPtr& adapter)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+    if(_state <= StateNotValidated || _state >= StateClosing)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    _adapter = adapter;
+
+    if(_adapter)
+    {
+        _servantManager = dynamic_cast<ObjectAdapterI*>(_adapter.get())->getServantManager();
+        if(!_servantManager)
+        {
+            _adapter = 0;
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        _servantManager = 0;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // We never change the thread pool with which we were initially
+    // registered, even if we add or remove an object adapter.
+    //
+}
+
+ObjectAdapterPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::getAdapter() const
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    return _adapter;
+}
+
+EndpointPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::getEndpoint() const
+{
+    return _endpoint; // No mutex protection necessary, _endpoint is immutable.
+}
+
+ObjectPrx
+Ice::ConnectionI::createProxy(const Identity& ident) const
+{
+    //
+    // Create a reference and return a reverse proxy for this
+    // reference.
+    //
+    ConnectionIPtr self = const_cast<ConnectionI*>(this);
+    return _instance->proxyFactory()->referenceToProxy(_instance->referenceFactory()->create(ident, self));
+}
+
+#if defined(ICE_USE_IOCP) || defined(ICE_OS_WINRT)
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::startAsync(SocketOperation operation)
+{
+    if(_state >= StateClosed)
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    try
+    {
+        if(operation & SocketOperationWrite)
+        {
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.startWrite(_writeStream);
+            }
+
+            if(_transceiver->startWrite(_writeStream) && !_sendStreams.empty())
+            {
+                // The whole message is written, assume it's sent now for at-most-once semantics.
+                _sendStreams.front().isSent = true;
+            }
+        }
+        else if(operation & SocketOperationRead)
+        {
+            if(!_hasMoreData)
+            {
+                if(_observer && !_readHeader)
+                {
+                    _observer.startRead(_readStream);
+                }
+
+                _transceiver->startRead(_readStream);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _transceiver->getNativeInfo()->completed(IceInternal::SocketOperationRead);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    catch(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::finishAsync(SocketOperation operation)
+{
+    try
+    {
+        if(operation & SocketOperationWrite)
+        {
+            Buffer::Container::iterator start = _writeStream.i;
+            _transceiver->finishWrite(_writeStream);
+            if(_instance->traceLevels()->network >= 3 && _writeStream.i != start)
+            {
+                Trace out(_instance->initializationData().logger, _instance->traceLevels()->networkCat);
+                out << "sent " << (_writeStream.i - start);
+                if(!_endpoint->datagram())
+                {
+                    out << " of " << (_writeStream.b.end() - start);
+                }
+                out << " bytes via " << _endpoint->protocol() << "\n" << toString();
+            }
+
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.finishWrite(_writeStream);
+            }
+        }
+        else if(operation & SocketOperationRead)
+        {
+            if(!_hasMoreData)
+            {
+                Buffer::Container::iterator start = _readStream.i;
+                _transceiver->finishRead(_readStream, _hasMoreData);
+                if(_instance->traceLevels()->network >= 3 && _readStream.i != start)
+                {
+                    Trace out(_instance->initializationData().logger, _instance->traceLevels()->networkCat);
+                    out << "received ";
+                    if(_endpoint->datagram())
+                    {
+                        out << _readStream.b.size();
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        out << (_readStream.i - start) << " of " << (_readStream.b.end() - start);
+                    }
+                    out << " bytes via " << _endpoint->protocol() << "\n" << toString();
+                }
+
+                if(_observer && !_readHeader)
+                {
+                    _observer.finishRead(_readStream);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    catch(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+    }
+    return _state < StateClosed;
+}
+#endif
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::message(ThreadPoolCurrent& current)
+{
+    StartCallbackPtr startCB;
+    vector<OutgoingMessage> sentCBs;
+    Byte compress = 0;
+    Int requestId = 0;
+    Int invokeNum = 0;
+    ServantManagerPtr servantManager;
+    ObjectAdapterPtr adapter;
+    OutgoingAsyncPtr outAsync;
+    ConnectionCallbackPtr heartbeatCallback;
+    int dispatchCount = 0;
+
+    ThreadPoolMessage<ConnectionI> msg(current, *this);
+
+    {
+        IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+
+        ThreadPoolMessage<ConnectionI>::IOScope io(msg);
+        if(!io)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if(_state >= StateClosed)
+        {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        SocketOperation readyOp = current.operation;
+        try
+        {
+            unscheduleTimeout(current.operation);
+
+            SocketOperation writeOp = SocketOperationNone;
+            SocketOperation readOp = SocketOperationNone;
+            if(readyOp & SocketOperationWrite)
+            {
+                if(_observer)
+                {
+                    _observer.startWrite(_writeStream);
+                }
+                writeOp = write(_writeStream);
+                if(_observer && !(writeOp & SocketOperationWrite))
+                {
+                    _observer.finishWrite(_writeStream);
+                }
+            }
+
+            while(readyOp & SocketOperationRead)
+            {
+                if(_observer && !_readHeader)
+                {
+                    _observer.startRead(_readStream);
+                }
+
+                readOp = read(_readStream);
+                if(readOp & SocketOperationRead)
+                {
+                    break;
+                }
+                if(_observer && !_readHeader)
+                {
+                    assert(_readStream.i == _readStream.b.end());
+                    _observer.finishRead(_readStream);
+                }
+
+                if(_readHeader) // Read header if necessary.
+                {
+                    _readHeader = false;
+
+                    if(_observer)
+                    {
+                        _observer->receivedBytes(static_cast<int>(headerSize));
+                    }
+
+                    ptrdiff_t pos = _readStream.i - _readStream.b.begin();
+                    if(pos < headerSize)
+                    {
+                        //
+                        // This situation is possible for small UDP packets.
+                        //
+                        throw IllegalMessageSizeException(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+                    }
+
+                    _readStream.i = _readStream.b.begin();
+                    const Byte* m;
+                    _readStream.readBlob(m, static_cast<Int>(sizeof(magic)));
+                    if(m[0] != magic[0] || m[1] != magic[1] || m[2] != magic[2] || m[3] != magic[3])
+                    {
+                        BadMagicException ex(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+                        ex.badMagic = Ice::ByteSeq(&m[0], &m[0] + sizeof(magic));
+                        throw ex;
+                    }
+                    ProtocolVersion pv;
+                    _readStream.read(pv);
+                    checkSupportedProtocol(pv);
+                    EncodingVersion ev;
+                    _readStream.read(ev);
+                    checkSupportedProtocolEncoding(ev);
+
+                    Byte messageType;
+                    _readStream.read(messageType);
+                    Byte compress;
+                    _readStream.read(compress);
+                    Int size;
+                    _readStream.read(size);
+                    if(size < headerSize)
+                    {
+                        throw IllegalMessageSizeException(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+                    }
+                    if(size > static_cast<Int>(_messageSizeMax))
+                    {
+                        Ex::throwMemoryLimitException(__FILE__, __LINE__, size, _messageSizeMax);
+                    }
+                    if(size > static_cast<Int>(_readStream.b.size()))
+                    {
+                        _readStream.b.resize(size);
+                    }
+                    _readStream.i = _readStream.b.begin() + pos;
+                }
+
+                if(_readStream.i != _readStream.b.end())
+                {
+                    if(_endpoint->datagram())
+                    {
+                        throw DatagramLimitException(__FILE__, __LINE__); // The message was truncated.
+                    }
+                    continue;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+
+            SocketOperation newOp = static_cast<SocketOperation>(readOp | writeOp);
+            readyOp = static_cast<SocketOperation>(readyOp & ~newOp);
+            assert(readyOp || newOp);
+
+            if(_state <= StateNotValidated)
+            {
+                if(newOp)
+                {
+                    //
+                    // Wait for all the transceiver conditions to be
+                    // satisfied before continuing.
+                    //
+                    scheduleTimeout(newOp);
+                    _threadPool->update(this, current.operation, newOp);
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if(_state == StateNotInitialized && !initialize(current.operation))
+                {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                if(_state <= StateNotValidated && !validate(current.operation))
+                {
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                _threadPool->unregister(this, current.operation);
+
+                //
+                // We start out in holding state.
+                //
+                setState(StateHolding);
+                if(_startCallback)
+                {
+                    swap(_startCallback, startCB);
+                    if(startCB)
+                    {
+                        ++dispatchCount;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                assert(_state <= StateClosingPending);
+
+                //
+                // We parse messages first, if we receive a close
+                // connection message we won't send more messages.
+                //
+                if(readyOp & SocketOperationRead)
+                {
+                    newOp = static_cast<SocketOperation>(newOp | parseMessage(current.stream,
+                                                                              invokeNum,
+                                                                              requestId,
+                                                                              compress,
+                                                                              servantManager,
+                                                                              adapter,
+                                                                              outAsync,
+                                                                              heartbeatCallback,
+                                                                              dispatchCount));
+                }
+
+                if(readyOp & SocketOperationWrite)
+                {
+                    newOp = static_cast<SocketOperation>(newOp | sendNextMessage(sentCBs));
+                    if(!sentCBs.empty())
+                    {
+                        ++dispatchCount;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if(_state < StateClosed)
+                {
+                    scheduleTimeout(newOp);
+                    _threadPool->update(this, current.operation, newOp);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(_acmLastActivity != IceUtil::Time())
+            {
+                _acmLastActivity = IceUtil::Time::now(IceUtil::Time::Monotonic);
+            }
+
+            if(dispatchCount == 0)
+            {
+                return; // Nothing to dispatch we're done!
+            }
+
+            _dispatchCount += dispatchCount;
+            io.completed();
+        }
+        catch(const DatagramLimitException&) // Expected.
+        {
+            if(_warnUdp)
+            {
+                Warning out(_instance->initializationData().logger);
+                out << "maximum datagram size of " << _readStream.i - _readStream.b.begin() << " exceeded";
+            }
+            _readStream.resize(headerSize);
+            _readStream.i = _readStream.b.begin();
+            _readHeader = true;
+            return;
+        }
+        catch(const SocketException& ex)
+        {
+            setState(StateClosed, ex);
+            return;
+        }
+        catch(const LocalException& ex)
+        {
+            if(_endpoint->datagram())
+            {
+                if(_warn)
+                {
+                    Warning out(_instance->initializationData().logger);
+                    out << "datagram connection exception:\n" << ex << '\n' << _desc;
+                }
+                _readStream.resize(headerSize);
+                _readStream.i = _readStream.b.begin();
+                _readHeader = true;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                setState(StateClosed, ex);
+            }
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(!_dispatcher) // Optimization, call dispatch() directly if there's no dispatcher.
+    {
+        dispatch(startCB, sentCBs, compress, requestId, invokeNum, servantManager, adapter, outAsync, heartbeatCallback,
+                 current.stream);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        _threadPool->dispatchFromThisThread(new DispatchCall(this, startCB, sentCBs, compress, requestId, invokeNum,
+                                                             servantManager, adapter, outAsync, heartbeatCallback,
+                                                             current.stream));
+    }
+}
+
+void
+ConnectionI::dispatch(const StartCallbackPtr& startCB, const vector<OutgoingMessage>& sentCBs,
+                      Byte compress, Int requestId, Int invokeNum, const ServantManagerPtr& servantManager,
+                      const ObjectAdapterPtr& adapter, const OutgoingAsyncPtr& outAsync,
+                      const ConnectionCallbackPtr& heartbeatCallback, BasicStream& stream)
+{
+    int dispatchedCount = 0;
+
+    //
+    // Notify the factory that the connection establishment and
+    // validation has completed.
+    //
+    if(startCB)
+    {
+        startCB->connectionStartCompleted(this);
+        ++dispatchedCount;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Notify AMI calls that the message was sent.
+    //
+    if(!sentCBs.empty())
+    {
+        for(vector<OutgoingMessage>::const_iterator p = sentCBs.begin(); p != sentCBs.end(); ++p)
+        {
+#if defined(ICE_USE_IOCP) || defined(ICE_OS_WINRT)
+            if(p->invokeSent)
+            {
+                p->outAsync->invokeSent();
+            }
+            if(p->receivedReply)
+            {
+                OutgoingAsyncPtr outAsync = OutgoingAsyncPtr::dynamicCast(p->outAsync);
+                if(outAsync->completed())
+                {
+                    outAsync->invokeCompleted();
+                }
+            }
+#else
+            p->outAsync->invokeSent();
+#endif
+        }
+        ++dispatchedCount;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Asynchronous replies must be handled outside the thread
+    // synchronization, so that nested calls are possible.
+    //
+    if(outAsync)
+    {
+        outAsync->invokeCompleted();
+        ++dispatchedCount;
+    }
+
+    if(heartbeatCallback)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            heartbeatCallback->heartbeat(this);
+        }
+        catch(const std::exception& ex)
+        {
+            Error out(_instance->initializationData().logger);
+            out << "connection callback exception:\n" << ex << '\n' << _desc;
+        }
+        catch(...)
+        {
+            Error out(_instance->initializationData().logger);
+            out << "connection callback exception:\nunknown c++ exception" << '\n' << _desc;
+        }
+        ++dispatchedCount;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Method invocation (or multiple invocations for batch messages)
+    // must be done outside the thread synchronization, so that nested
+    // calls are possible.
+    //
+    if(invokeNum)
+    {
+        invokeAll(stream, invokeNum, requestId, compress, servantManager, adapter);
+
+        //
+        // Don't increase count, the dispatch count is
+        // decreased when the incoming reply is sent.
+        //
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Decrease dispatch count.
+    //
+    if(dispatchedCount > 0)
+    {
+        IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+        _dispatchCount -= dispatchedCount;
+        if(_dispatchCount == 0)
+        {
+            //
+            // Only initiate shutdown if not already done. It might
+            // have already been done if the sent callback or AMI
+            // callback was dispatched when the connection was already
+            // in the closing state.
+            //
+            if(_state == StateClosing)
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    initiateShutdown();
+                }
+                catch(const LocalException& ex)
+                {
+                    setState(StateClosed, ex);
+                }
+            }
+            else if(_state == StateFinished)
+            {
+                reap();
+            }
+            notifyAll();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::finished(ThreadPoolCurrent& current, bool close)
+{
+    {
+        IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+        assert(_state == StateClosed);
+        unscheduleTimeout(static_cast<SocketOperation>(SocketOperationRead | SocketOperationWrite));
+    }
+
+    //
+    // If there are no callbacks to call, we don't call ioCompleted() since we're not going
+    // to call code that will potentially block (this avoids promoting a new leader and
+    // unecessary thread creation, especially if this is called on shutdown).
+    //
+    if(!_startCallback && _sendStreams.empty() && _asyncRequests.empty() && !_callback)
+    {
+        finish(close);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    current.ioCompleted();
+    if(!_dispatcher) // Optimization, call finish() directly if there's no dispatcher.
+    {
+        finish(close);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        _threadPool->dispatchFromThisThread(new FinishCall(this, close));
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::finish(bool close)
+{
+    if(!_initialized)
+    {
+        if(_instance->traceLevels()->network >= 2)
+        {
+            string verb = _connector ? "establish" : "accept";
+            Trace out(_instance->initializationData().logger, _instance->traceLevels()->networkCat);
+            out << "failed to " << verb << " " << _endpoint->protocol() << " connection\n" << toString()
+                << "\n" << *_exception.get();
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        if(_instance->traceLevels()->network >= 1)
+        {
+            Trace out(_instance->initializationData().logger, _instance->traceLevels()->networkCat);
+            out << "closed " << _endpoint->protocol() << " connection\n" << toString();
+
+            //
+            // Trace the cause of unexpected connection closures
+            //
+            if(!(dynamic_cast<const CloseConnectionException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ForcedCloseConnectionException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ConnectionTimeoutException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const CommunicatorDestroyedException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ObjectAdapterDeactivatedException*>(_exception.get())))
+            {
+                out << "\n" << *_exception.get();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(close)
+    {
+        _transceiver->close();
+    }
+
+    if(_startCallback)
+    {
+        _startCallback->connectionStartFailed(this, *_exception.get());
+        _startCallback = 0;
+    }
+
+    if(!_sendStreams.empty())
+    {
+        if(!_writeStream.b.empty())
+        {
+            //
+            // Return the stream to the outgoing call. This is important for
+            // retriable AMI calls which are not marshalled again.
+            //
+            OutgoingMessage* message = &_sendStreams.front();
+            _writeStream.swap(*message->stream);
+
+#if defined(ICE_USE_IOCP) || defined(ICE_OS_WINRT)
+            //
+            // The current message might be sent but not yet removed from _sendStreams. If
+            // the response has been received in the meantime, we remove the message from
+            // _sendStreams to not call finished on a message which is already done.
+            //
+            if(message->isSent || message->receivedReply)
+            {
+                if(message->sent() && message->invokeSent)
+                {
+                    message->outAsync->invokeSent();
+                }
+                if(message->receivedReply)
+                {
+                    OutgoingAsyncPtr outAsync = OutgoingAsyncPtr::dynamicCast(message->outAsync);
+                    if(outAsync->completed())
+                    {
+                        outAsync->invokeCompleted();
+                    }
+                }
+                _sendStreams.pop_front();
+            }
+#endif
+        }
+
+        for(deque<OutgoingMessage>::iterator o = _sendStreams.begin(); o != _sendStreams.end(); ++o)
+        {
+            o->completed(*_exception.get());
+            if(o->requestId) // Make sure finished isn't called twice.
+            {
+                if(o->out)
+                {
+                    _requests.erase(o->requestId);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    _asyncRequests.erase(o->requestId);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        _sendStreams.clear(); // Must be cleared before _requests because of Outgoing* references in OutgoingMessage
+    }
+
+    for(map<Int, Outgoing*>::const_iterator p = _requests.begin(); p != _requests.end(); ++p)
+    {
+        p->second->completed(*_exception.get());
+    }
+    _requests.clear();
+
+    for(map<Int, OutgoingAsyncPtr>::const_iterator q = _asyncRequests.begin(); q != _asyncRequests.end(); ++q)
+    {
+        if(q->second->completed(*_exception.get()))
+        {
+            q->second->invokeCompleted();
+        }
+    }
+    _asyncRequests.clear();
+
+    if(_callback)
+    {
+        closeCallback(_callback);
+        _callback = 0;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // This must be done last as this will cause waitUntilFinished() to return (and communicator
+    // objects such as the timer might be destroyed too).
+    //
+    {
+        IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+        setState(StateFinished);
+
+        if(_dispatchCount == 0)
+        {
+            reap();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+string
+Ice::ConnectionI::toString() const
+{
+    return _desc; // No mutex lock, _desc is immutable.
+}
+
+NativeInfoPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::getNativeInfo()
+{
+    return _transceiver->getNativeInfo();
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::timedOut()
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_state <= StateNotValidated)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ConnectTimeoutException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+    }
+    else if(_state < StateClosing)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, TimeoutException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+    }
+    else if(_state < StateClosed)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, CloseTimeoutException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+    }
+}
+
+string
+Ice::ConnectionI::type() const
+{
+    return _type; // No mutex lock, _type is immutable.
+}
+
+Ice::Int
+Ice::ConnectionI::timeout() const
+{
+    return _endpoint->timeout(); // No mutex lock, _endpoint is immutable.
+}
+
+ConnectionInfoPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::getInfo() const
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    if(_state >= StateClosed)
+    {
+        _exception->ice_throw();
+    }
+    return initConnectionInfo();
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::exception(const LocalException& ex)
+{
+    IceUtil::Monitor<IceUtil::Mutex>::Lock sync(*this);
+    setState(StateClosed, ex);
+}
+
+Ice::ConnectionI::ConnectionI(const CommunicatorPtr& communicator,
+                              const InstancePtr& instance,
+                              const ACMMonitorPtr& monitor,
+                              const TransceiverPtr& transceiver,
+                              const ConnectorPtr& connector,
+                              const EndpointIPtr& endpoint,
+                              const ObjectAdapterIPtr& adapter) :
+    _communicator(communicator),
+    _instance(instance),
+    _monitor(monitor),
+    _transceiver(transceiver),
+    _desc(transceiver->toString()),
+    _type(transceiver->protocol()),
+    _connector(connector),
+    _endpoint(endpoint),
+    _adapter(adapter),
+    _dispatcher(_instance->initializationData().dispatcher), // Cached for better performance.
+    _logger(_instance->initializationData().logger), // Cached for better performance.
+    _traceLevels(_instance->traceLevels()), // Cached for better performance.
+    _timer(_instance->timer()), // Cached for better performance.
+    _writeTimeout(new TimeoutCallback(this)),
+    _writeTimeoutScheduled(false),
+    _readTimeout(new TimeoutCallback(this)),
+    _readTimeoutScheduled(false),
+    _warn(_instance->initializationData().properties->getPropertyAsInt("Ice.Warn.Connections") > 0),
+    _warnUdp(_instance->initializationData().properties->getPropertyAsInt("Ice.Warn.Datagrams") > 0),
+    _compressionLevel(1),
+    _nextRequestId(1),
+    _requestsHint(_requests.end()),
+    _asyncRequestsHint(_asyncRequests.end()),
+    _messageSizeMax(adapter ? adapter->messageSizeMax() : _instance->messageSizeMax()),
+    _batchAutoFlushSize(_instance->batchAutoFlushSize()),
+    _batchStream(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding),
+    _batchStreamInUse(false),
+    _batchRequestNum(0),
+    _batchRequestCompress(false),
+    _batchMarker(0),
+    _readStream(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding),
+    _readHeader(false),
+    _writeStream(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding),
+    _dispatchCount(0),
+    _state(StateNotInitialized),
+    _shutdownInitiated(false),
+    _initialized(false),
+    _validated(false)
+{
+    const Ice::PropertiesPtr& properties = _instance->initializationData().properties;
+
+    int& compressionLevel = const_cast<int&>(_compressionLevel);
+    compressionLevel = properties->getPropertyAsIntWithDefault("Ice.Compression.Level", 1);
+    if(compressionLevel < 1)
+    {
+        compressionLevel = 1;
+    }
+    else if(compressionLevel > 9)
+    {
+        compressionLevel = 9;
+    }
+
+    if(adapter)
+    {
+        _servantManager = adapter->getServantManager();
+    }
+
+    if(_monitor && _monitor->getACM().timeout > 0)
+    {
+        _acmLastActivity = IceUtil::Time::now(IceUtil::Time::Monotonic);
+    }
+
+    __setNoDelete(true);
+    try
+    {
+        if(adapter)
+        {
+            const_cast<ThreadPoolPtr&>(_threadPool) = adapter->getThreadPool();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            const_cast<ThreadPoolPtr&>(_threadPool) = _instance->clientThreadPool();
+        }
+        _threadPool->initialize(this);
+    }
+    catch(const IceUtil::Exception&)
+    {
+        __setNoDelete(false);
+        throw;
+    }
+    __setNoDelete(false);
+}
+
+Ice::ConnectionI::~ConnectionI()
+{
+    assert(!_startCallback);
+    assert(!_callback);
+    assert(_state == StateFinished);
+    assert(_dispatchCount == 0);
+    assert(_sendStreams.empty());
+    assert(_requests.empty());
+    assert(_asyncRequests.empty());
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::setState(State state, const LocalException& ex)
+{
+    //
+    // If setState() is called with an exception, then only closed and
+    // closing states are permissible.
+    //
+    assert(state >= StateClosing);
+
+    if(_state == state) // Don't switch twice.
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if(!_exception.get())
+    {
+        //
+        // If we are in closed state, an exception must be set.
+        //
+        assert(_state != StateClosed);
+
+        _exception.reset(ex.ice_clone());
+
+        //
+        // We don't warn if we are not validated.
+        //
+        if(_warn && _validated)
+        {
+            //
+            // Don't warn about certain expected exceptions.
+            //
+            if(!(dynamic_cast<const CloseConnectionException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ForcedCloseConnectionException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ConnectionTimeoutException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const CommunicatorDestroyedException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ObjectAdapterDeactivatedException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 (dynamic_cast<const ConnectionLostException*>(_exception.get()) && _state >= StateClosing)))
+            {
+                Warning out(_logger);
+                out << "connection exception:\n" << *_exception.get() << '\n' << _desc;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    //
+    // We must set the new state before we notify requests of any
+    // exceptions. Otherwise new requests may retry on a connection
+    // that is not yet marked as closed or closing.
+    //
+    setState(state);
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::setState(State state)
+{
+    //
+    // We don't want to send close connection messages if the endpoint
+    // only supports oneway transmission from client to server.
+    //
+    if(_endpoint->datagram() && state == StateClosing)
+    {
+        state = StateClosed;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Skip graceful shutdown if we are destroyed before validation.
+    //
+    if(_state <= StateNotValidated && state == StateClosing)
+    {
+        state = StateClosed;
+    }
+
+    if(_state == state) // Don't switch twice.
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    try
+    {
+        switch(state)
+        {
+        case StateNotInitialized:
+        {
+            assert(false);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case StateNotValidated:
+        {
+            if(_state != StateNotInitialized)
+            {
+                assert(_state == StateClosed);
+                return;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case StateActive:
+        {
+            //
+            // Can only switch from holding or not validated to
+            // active.
+            //
+            if(_state != StateHolding && _state != StateNotValidated)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+            _threadPool->_register(this, SocketOperationRead);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case StateHolding:
+        {
+            //
+            // Can only switch from active or not validated to
+            // holding.
+            //
+            if(_state != StateActive && _state != StateNotValidated)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+            if(_state == StateActive)
+            {
+                _threadPool->unregister(this, SocketOperationRead);
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case StateClosing:
+        case StateClosingPending:
+        {
+            //
+            // Can't change back from closing pending.
+            //
+            if(_state >= StateClosingPending)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case StateClosed:
+        {
+            if(_state == StateFinished)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            //
+            // Don't need to close now for connections so only close the transceiver
+            // if the selector request it.
+            //
+            if(_threadPool->finish(this, false))
+            {
+                _transceiver->close();
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+
+        case StateFinished:
+        {
+            assert(_state == StateClosed);
+            _communicator = 0;
+            break;
+        }
+        }
+    }
+    catch(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        Error out(_logger);
+        out << "unexpected connection exception:\n" << ex << '\n' << _desc;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // We only register with the connection monitor if our new state
+    // is StateActive. Otherwise we unregister with the connection
+    // monitor, but only if we were registered before, i.e., if our
+    // old state was StateActive.
+    //
+    if(_monitor)
+    {
+        if(state == StateActive)
+        {
+            if(_acmLastActivity != IceUtil::Time())
+            {
+                _acmLastActivity = IceUtil::Time::now(IceUtil::Time::Monotonic);
+            }
+            _monitor->add(this);
+        }
+        else if(_state == StateActive)
+        {
+            _monitor->remove(this);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(_instance->initializationData().observer)
+    {
+        ConnectionState oldState = toConnectionState(_state);
+        ConnectionState newState = toConnectionState(state);
+        if(oldState != newState)
+        {
+            _observer.attach(_instance->initializationData().observer->getConnectionObserver(initConnectionInfo(),
+                                                                                             _endpoint,
+                                                                                             newState,
+                                                                                             _observer.get()));
+        }
+        if(_observer && state == StateClosed && _exception.get())
+        {
+            if(!(dynamic_cast<const CloseConnectionException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ForcedCloseConnectionException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ConnectionTimeoutException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const CommunicatorDestroyedException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 dynamic_cast<const ObjectAdapterDeactivatedException*>(_exception.get()) ||
+                 (dynamic_cast<const ConnectionLostException*>(_exception.get()) && _state >= StateClosing)))
+            {
+                _observer->failed(_exception->ice_name());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    _state = state;
+
+    notifyAll();
+
+    if(_state == StateClosing && _dispatchCount == 0)
+    {
+        try
+        {
+            initiateShutdown();
+        }
+        catch(const LocalException& ex)
+        {
+            setState(StateClosed, ex);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::initiateShutdown()
+{
+    assert(_state == StateClosing);
+    assert(_dispatchCount == 0);
+
+    if(_shutdownInitiated)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    _shutdownInitiated = true;
+
+    if(!_endpoint->datagram())
+    {
+        //
+        // Before we shut down, we send a close connection message.
+        //
+        BasicStream os(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding);
+        os.write(magic[0]);
+        os.write(magic[1]);
+        os.write(magic[2]);
+        os.write(magic[3]);
+        os.write(currentProtocol);
+        os.write(currentProtocolEncoding);
+        os.write(closeConnectionMsg);
+        os.write(static_cast<Byte>(1)); // compression status: compression supported but not used.
+        os.write(headerSize); // Message size.
+
+        OutgoingMessage message(&os, false);
+        if(sendMessage(message) & AsyncStatusSent)
+        {
+            setState(StateClosingPending);
+
+            //
+            // Notify the the transceiver of the graceful connection closure.
+            //
+            SocketOperation op = _transceiver->closing(true, *_exception.get());
+            if(op)
+            {
+                scheduleTimeout(op);
+                _threadPool->_register(this, op);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::heartbeat()
+{
+    assert(_state == StateActive);
+
+    if(!_endpoint->datagram())
+    {
+        BasicStream os(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding);
+        os.write(magic[0]);
+        os.write(magic[1]);
+        os.write(magic[2]);
+        os.write(magic[3]);
+        os.write(currentProtocol);
+        os.write(currentProtocolEncoding);
+        os.write(validateConnectionMsg);
+        os.write(static_cast<Byte>(0)); // Compression status (always zero for validate connection).
+        os.write(headerSize); // Message size.
+        os.i = os.b.begin();
+        try
+        {
+            OutgoingMessage message(&os, false);
+            sendMessage(message);
+        }
+        catch(const LocalException& ex)
+        {
+            setState(StateClosed, ex);
+            assert(_exception.get());
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::initialize(SocketOperation operation)
+{
+    SocketOperation s = _transceiver->initialize(_readStream, _writeStream, _hasMoreData);
+    if(s != SocketOperationNone)
+    {
+        scheduleTimeout(s);
+        _threadPool->update(this, operation, s);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Update the connection description once the transceiver is initialized.
+    //
+    const_cast<string&>(_desc) = _transceiver->toString();
+    _initialized = true;
+    setState(StateNotValidated);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool
+Ice::ConnectionI::validate(SocketOperation operation)
+{
+    if(!_endpoint->datagram()) // Datagram connections are always implicitly validated.
+    {
+        if(_adapter) // The server side has the active role for connection validation.
+        {
+            if(_writeStream.b.empty())
+            {
+                _writeStream.write(magic[0]);
+                _writeStream.write(magic[1]);
+                _writeStream.write(magic[2]);
+                _writeStream.write(magic[3]);
+                _writeStream.write(currentProtocol);
+                _writeStream.write(currentProtocolEncoding);
+                _writeStream.write(validateConnectionMsg);
+                _writeStream.write(static_cast<Byte>(0)); // Compression status (always zero for validate connection).
+                _writeStream.write(headerSize); // Message size.
+                _writeStream.i = _writeStream.b.begin();
+                traceSend(_writeStream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+            }
+
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.startWrite(_writeStream);
+            }
+
+            if(_writeStream.i != _writeStream.b.end())
+            {
+                SocketOperation op = write(_writeStream);
+                if(op)
+                {
+                    scheduleTimeout(op);
+                    _threadPool->update(this, operation, op);
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.finishWrite(_writeStream);
+            }
+        }
+        else // The client side has the passive role for connection validation.
+        {
+            if(_readStream.b.empty())
+            {
+                _readStream.b.resize(headerSize);
+                _readStream.i = _readStream.b.begin();
+            }
+
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.startRead(_readStream);
+            }
+
+            if(_readStream.i != _readStream.b.end())
+            {
+                SocketOperation op = read(_readStream);
+                if(op)
+                {
+                    scheduleTimeout(op);
+                    _threadPool->update(this, operation, op);
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.finishRead(_readStream);
+            }
+
+            assert(_readStream.i == _readStream.b.end());
+            _readStream.i = _readStream.b.begin();
+            Byte m[4];
+            _readStream.read(m[0]);
+            _readStream.read(m[1]);
+            _readStream.read(m[2]);
+            _readStream.read(m[3]);
+            if(m[0] != magic[0] || m[1] != magic[1] || m[2] != magic[2] || m[3] != magic[3])
+            {
+                BadMagicException ex(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+                ex.badMagic = Ice::ByteSeq(&m[0], &m[0] + sizeof(magic));
+                throw ex;
+            }
+            ProtocolVersion pv;
+            _readStream.read(pv);
+            checkSupportedProtocol(pv);
+            EncodingVersion ev;
+            _readStream.read(ev);
+            checkSupportedProtocolEncoding(ev);
+            Byte messageType;
+            _readStream.read(messageType);
+            if(messageType != validateConnectionMsg)
+            {
+                throw ConnectionNotValidatedException(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+            }
+            Byte compress;
+            _readStream.read(compress); // Ignore compression status for validate connection.
+            Int size;
+            _readStream.read(size);
+            if(size != headerSize)
+            {
+                throw IllegalMessageSizeException(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+            }
+            traceRecv(_readStream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+
+            _validated = true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    _writeStream.resize(0);
+    _writeStream.i = _writeStream.b.begin();
+
+    _readStream.resize(headerSize);
+    _readStream.i = _readStream.b.begin();
+    _readHeader = true;
+
+    if(_instance->traceLevels()->network >= 1)
+    {
+        Trace out(_instance->initializationData().logger, _instance->traceLevels()->networkCat);
+        if(_endpoint->datagram())
+        {
+            out << "starting to " << (_connector ? "send" : "receive") << " " << _endpoint->protocol() << " messages\n";
+            out << _transceiver->toDetailedString();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            out << (_connector ? "established" : "accepted") << " " << _endpoint->protocol() << " connection\n";
+            out << toString();
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+SocketOperation
+Ice::ConnectionI::sendNextMessage(vector<OutgoingMessage>& callbacks)
+{
+    if(_sendStreams.empty())
+    {
+        return SocketOperationNone;
+    }
+    else if(_state == StateClosingPending && _writeStream.i == _writeStream.b.begin())
+    {
+        // Message wasn't sent, empty the _writeStream, we're not going to send more data.
+        OutgoingMessage* message = &_sendStreams.front();
+        _writeStream.swap(*message->stream);
+        return SocketOperationNone;
+    }
+
+    assert(!_writeStream.b.empty() && _writeStream.i == _writeStream.b.end());
+    try
+    {
+        while(true)
+        {
+            //
+            // Notify the message that it was sent.
+            //
+            OutgoingMessage* message = &_sendStreams.front();
+            if(message->stream)
+            {
+                _writeStream.swap(*message->stream);
+                if(message->sent())
+                {
+                    callbacks.push_back(*message);
+                }
+            }
+            _sendStreams.pop_front();
+
+            //
+            // If there's nothing left to send, we're done.
+            //
+            if(_sendStreams.empty())
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            //
+            // If we are in the closed state or if the close is
+            // pending, don't continue sending.
+            //
+            // This can occur if parseMessage (called before
+            // sendNextMessage by message()) closes the connection.
+            //
+            if(_state >= StateClosingPending)
+            {
+                return SocketOperationNone;
+            }
+
+            //
+            // Otherwise, prepare the next message stream for writing.
+            //
+            message = &_sendStreams.front();
+            assert(!message->stream->i);
+#ifndef ICE_OS_WINRT
+            if(message->compress && message->stream->b.size() >= 100) // Only compress messages > 100 bytes.
+            {
+                //
+                // Message compressed. Request compressed response, if any.
+                //
+                message->stream->b[9] = 2;
+
+                //
+                // Do compression.
+                //
+                BasicStream stream(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding);
+                doCompress(*message->stream, stream);
+
+                if(message->outAsync)
+                {
+                    trace("sending asynchronous request", *message->stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    traceSend(*message->stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                }
+
+                message->adopt(&stream); // Adopt the compressed stream.
+                message->stream->i = message->stream->b.begin();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+#endif
+                if(message->compress)
+                {
+                    //
+                    // Message not compressed. Request compressed response, if any.
+                    //
+                    message->stream->b[9] = 1;
+                }
+
+                //
+                // No compression, just fill in the message size.
+                //
+                Int sz = static_cast<Int>(message->stream->b.size());
+                const Byte* p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&sz);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+                reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), message->stream->b.begin() + 10);
+#else
+                copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), message->stream->b.begin() + 10);
+#endif
+                message->stream->i = message->stream->b.begin();
+                if(message->outAsync)
+                {
+                    trace("sending asynchronous request", *message->stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    traceSend(*message->stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                }
+#ifndef ICE_OS_WINRT
+            }
+#endif
+            _writeStream.swap(*message->stream);
+
+            //
+            // Send the message.
+            //
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.startWrite(_writeStream);
+            }
+            assert(_writeStream.i);
+            if(_writeStream.i != _writeStream.b.end())
+            {
+                SocketOperation op = write(_writeStream);
+                if(op)
+                {
+                    return op;
+                }
+            }
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.finishWrite(_writeStream);
+            }
+        }
+
+        //
+        // If all the messages were sent and we are in the closing state, we schedule
+        // the close timeout to wait for the peer to close the connection.
+        //
+        if(_state == StateClosing && _shutdownInitiated)
+        {
+            setState(StateClosingPending);
+            SocketOperation op = _transceiver->closing(true, *_exception.get());
+            if(op)
+            {
+                return op;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    catch(const Ice::LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        setState(StateClosed, ex);
+    }
+    return SocketOperationNone;
+}
+
+AsyncStatus
+Ice::ConnectionI::sendMessage(OutgoingMessage& message)
+{
+    assert(_state < StateClosed);
+
+    message.stream->i = 0; // Reset the message stream iterator before starting sending the message.
+
+    if(!_sendStreams.empty())
+    {
+        _sendStreams.push_back(message);
+        _sendStreams.back().adopt(0);
+        return AsyncStatusQueued;
+    }
+
+    //
+    // Attempt to send the message without blocking. If the send blocks, we register
+    // the connection with the selector thread.
+    //
+
+    message.stream->i = message.stream->b.begin();
+    SocketOperation op;
+#ifndef ICE_OS_WINRT
+    if(message.compress && message.stream->b.size() >= 100) // Only compress messages larger than 100 bytes.
+    {
+        //
+        // Message compressed. Request compressed response, if any.
+        //
+        message.stream->b[9] = 2;
+
+        //
+        // Do compression.
+        //
+        BasicStream stream(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding);
+        doCompress(*message.stream, stream);
+        stream.i = stream.b.begin();
+
+        if(message.outAsync)
+        {
+            trace("sending asynchronous request", *message.stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            traceSend(*message.stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+        }
+
+        //
+        // Send the message without blocking.
+        //
+        if(_observer)
+        {
+            _observer.startWrite(stream);
+        }
+        op = write(stream);
+        if(!op)
+        {
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.finishWrite(stream);
+            }
+
+            AsyncStatus status = AsyncStatusSent;
+            if(message.sent())
+            {
+                status = static_cast<AsyncStatus>(status | AsyncStatusInvokeSentCallback);
+            }
+            if(_acmLastActivity != IceUtil::Time())
+            {
+                _acmLastActivity = IceUtil::Time::now(IceUtil::Time::Monotonic);
+            }
+            return status;
+        }
+
+        _sendStreams.push_back(message);
+        _sendStreams.back().adopt(&stream);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+#endif
+        if(message.compress)
+        {
+            //
+            // Message not compressed. Request compressed response, if any.
+            //
+            message.stream->b[9] = 1;
+        }
+
+        //
+        // No compression, just fill in the message size.
+        //
+        Int sz = static_cast<Int>(message.stream->b.size());
+        const Byte* p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&sz);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+        reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), message.stream->b.begin() + 10);
+#else
+        copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), message.stream->b.begin() + 10);
+#endif
+        message.stream->i = message.stream->b.begin();
+
+        if(message.outAsync)
+        {
+            trace("sending asynchronous request", *message.stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            traceSend(*message.stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+        }
+
+        //
+        // Send the message without blocking.
+        //
+        if(_observer)
+        {
+            _observer.startWrite(*message.stream);
+        }
+        op = write(*message.stream);
+        if(!op)
+        {
+            if(_observer)
+            {
+                _observer.finishWrite(*message.stream);
+            }
+            AsyncStatus status = AsyncStatusSent;
+            if(message.sent())
+            {
+                status = static_cast<AsyncStatus>(status | AsyncStatusInvokeSentCallback);
+            }
+            if(_acmLastActivity != IceUtil::Time())
+            {
+                _acmLastActivity = IceUtil::Time::now(IceUtil::Time::Monotonic);
+            }
+            return status;
+        }
+
+        _sendStreams.push_back(message);
+        _sendStreams.back().adopt(0); // Adopt the stream.
+#ifndef ICE_OS_WINRT
+    }
+#endif
+
+    _writeStream.swap(*_sendStreams.back().stream);
+    scheduleTimeout(op);
+    _threadPool->_register(this, op);
+    return AsyncStatusQueued;
+}
+
+#ifndef ICE_OS_WINRT
+static string
+getBZ2Error(int bzError)
+{
+    if(bzError == BZ_RUN_OK)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_RUN_OK";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_FLUSH_OK)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_FLUSH_OK";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_FINISH_OK)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_FINISH_OK";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_STREAM_END)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_STREAM_END";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_CONFIG_ERROR)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_CONFIG_ERROR";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_SEQUENCE_ERROR)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_SEQUENCE_ERROR";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_PARAM_ERROR)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_PARAM_ERROR";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_MEM_ERROR)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_MEM_ERROR";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_DATA_ERROR)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_DATA_ERROR";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_DATA_ERROR_MAGIC)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_DATA_ERROR_MAGIC";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_IO_ERROR)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_IO_ERROR";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_UNEXPECTED_EOF)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_UNEXPECTED_EOF";
+    }
+    else if(bzError == BZ_OUTBUFF_FULL)
+    {
+        return ": BZ_OUTBUFF_FULL";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return "";
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::doCompress(BasicStream& uncompressed, BasicStream& compressed)
+{
+    const Byte* p;
+
+    //
+    // Compress the message body, but not the header.
+    //
+    unsigned int uncompressedLen = static_cast<unsigned int>(uncompressed.b.size() - headerSize);
+    unsigned int compressedLen = static_cast<unsigned int>(uncompressedLen * 1.01 + 600);
+    compressed.b.resize(headerSize + sizeof(Int) + compressedLen);
+    int bzError = BZ2_bzBuffToBuffCompress(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&compressed.b[0]) + headerSize + sizeof(Int),
+                                           &compressedLen,
+                                           reinterpret_cast<char*>(&uncompressed.b[0]) + headerSize,
+                                           uncompressedLen,
+                                           _compressionLevel, 0, 0);
+    if(bzError != BZ_OK)
+    {
+        CompressionException ex(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+        ex.reason = "BZ2_bzBuffToBuffCompress failed" + getBZ2Error(bzError);
+        throw ex;
+    }
+    compressed.b.resize(headerSize + sizeof(Int) + compressedLen);
+
+    //
+    // Write the size of the compressed stream into the header of the
+    // uncompressed stream. Since the header will be copied, this size
+    // will also be in the header of the compressed stream.
+    //
+    Int compressedSize = static_cast<Int>(compressed.b.size());
+    p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&compressedSize);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+    reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), uncompressed.b.begin() + 10);
+#else
+    copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), uncompressed.b.begin() + 10);
+#endif
+
+    //
+    // Add the size of the uncompressed stream before the message body
+    // of the compressed stream.
+    //
+    Int uncompressedSize = static_cast<Int>(uncompressed.b.size());
+    p = reinterpret_cast<const Byte*>(&uncompressedSize);
+#ifdef ICE_BIG_ENDIAN
+    reverse_copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), compressed.b.begin() + headerSize);
+#else
+    copy(p, p + sizeof(Int), compressed.b.begin() + headerSize);
+#endif
+
+    //
+    // Copy the header from the uncompressed stream to the compressed one.
+    //
+    copy(uncompressed.b.begin(), uncompressed.b.begin() + headerSize, compressed.b.begin());
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::doUncompress(BasicStream& compressed, BasicStream& uncompressed)
+{
+    Int uncompressedSize;
+    compressed.i = compressed.b.begin() + headerSize;
+    compressed.read(uncompressedSize);
+    if(uncompressedSize <= headerSize)
+    {
+        throw IllegalMessageSizeException(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+    }
+
+    if(uncompressedSize > static_cast<Int>(_messageSizeMax))
+    {
+        Ex::throwMemoryLimitException(__FILE__, __LINE__, uncompressedSize, _messageSizeMax);
+    }
+    uncompressed.resize(uncompressedSize);
+
+    unsigned int uncompressedLen = uncompressedSize - headerSize;
+    unsigned int compressedLen = static_cast<unsigned int>(compressed.b.size() - headerSize - sizeof(Int));
+    int bzError = BZ2_bzBuffToBuffDecompress(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&uncompressed.b[0]) + headerSize,
+                                             &uncompressedLen,
+                                             reinterpret_cast<char*>(&compressed.b[0]) + headerSize + sizeof(Int),
+                                             compressedLen,
+                                             0, 0);
+    if(bzError != BZ_OK)
+    {
+        CompressionException ex(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+        ex.reason = "BZ2_bzBuffToBuffCompress failed" + getBZ2Error(bzError);
+        throw ex;
+    }
+
+    copy(compressed.b.begin(), compressed.b.begin() + headerSize, uncompressed.b.begin());
+}
+#endif
+
+SocketOperation
+Ice::ConnectionI::parseMessage(BasicStream& stream, Int& invokeNum, Int& requestId, Byte& compress,
+                               ServantManagerPtr& servantManager, ObjectAdapterPtr& adapter,
+                               OutgoingAsyncPtr& outAsync, ConnectionCallbackPtr& heartbeatCallback,
+                               int& dispatchCount)
+{
+    assert(_state > StateNotValidated && _state < StateClosed);
+
+    _readStream.swap(stream);
+    _readStream.resize(headerSize);
+    _readStream.i = _readStream.b.begin();
+    _readHeader = true;
+
+    assert(stream.i == stream.b.end());
+
+    //
+    // Connection is validated on first message. This is only used by
+    // setState() to check wether or not we can print a connection
+    // warning (a client might close the connection forcefully if the
+    // connection isn't validated).
+    //
+    _validated = true;
+
+    try
+    {
+        //
+        // We don't need to check magic and version here. This has
+        // already been done by the ThreadPool, which provides us
+        // with the stream.
+        //
+        assert(stream.i == stream.b.end());
+        stream.i = stream.b.begin() + 8;
+        Byte messageType;
+        stream.read(messageType);
+        stream.read(compress);
+
+#ifndef ICE_OS_WINRT
+        if(compress == 2)
+        {
+            BasicStream ustream(_instance.get(), Ice::currentProtocolEncoding);
+            doUncompress(stream, ustream);
+            stream.b.swap(ustream.b);
+        }
+#endif
+        stream.i = stream.b.begin() + headerSize;
+
+        switch(messageType)
+        {
+            case closeConnectionMsg:
+            {
+                traceRecv(stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                if(_endpoint->datagram())
+                {
+                    if(_warn)
+                    {
+                        Warning out(_logger);
+                        out << "ignoring close connection message for datagram connection:\n" << _desc;
+                    }
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    setState(StateClosingPending, CloseConnectionException(__FILE__, __LINE__));
+
+                    //
+                    // Notify the the transceiver of the graceful connection closure.
+                    //
+                    SocketOperation op = _transceiver->closing(false, *_exception.get());
+                    if(op)
+                    {
+                        return op;
+                    }
+                    setState(StateClosed);
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case requestMsg:
+            {
+                if(_state >= StateClosing)
+                {
+                    trace("received request during closing\n(ignored by server, client will retry)", stream, _logger,
+                          _traceLevels);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    traceRecv(stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                    stream.read(requestId);
+                    invokeNum = 1;
+                    servantManager = _servantManager;
+                    adapter = _adapter;
+                    ++dispatchCount;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case requestBatchMsg:
+            {
+                if(_state >= StateClosing)
+                {
+                    trace("received batch request during closing\n(ignored by server, client will retry)", stream,
+                          _logger, _traceLevels);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    traceRecv(stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                    stream.read(invokeNum);
+                    if(invokeNum < 0)
+                    {
+                        invokeNum = 0;
+                        throw UnmarshalOutOfBoundsException(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+                    }
+                    servantManager = _servantManager;
+                    adapter = _adapter;
+                    dispatchCount += invokeNum;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case replyMsg:
+            {
+                traceRecv(stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+
+                stream.read(requestId);
+
+                map<Int, Outgoing*>::iterator p = _requests.end();
+                map<Int, OutgoingAsyncPtr>::iterator q = _asyncRequests.end();
+
+                if(_requestsHint != _requests.end())
+                {
+                    if(_requestsHint->first == requestId)
+                    {
+                        p = _requestsHint;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if(p == _requests.end())
+                {
+                    if(_asyncRequestsHint != _asyncRequests.end())
+                    {
+                        if(_asyncRequestsHint->first == requestId)
+                        {
+                            q = _asyncRequestsHint;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if(p == _requests.end() && q == _asyncRequests.end())
+                {
+                    p = _requests.find(requestId);
+                }
+
+                if(p == _requests.end() && q == _asyncRequests.end())
+                {
+                    q = _asyncRequests.find(requestId);
+                }
+
+                if(p != _requests.end())
+                {
+                    p->second->completed(stream);
+
+                    if(p == _requestsHint)
+                    {
+                        _requests.erase(p++);
+                        _requestsHint = p;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        _requests.erase(p);
+                    }
+                    notifyAll(); // Notify threads blocked in close(false)
+                }
+                else if(q != _asyncRequests.end())
+                {
+                    outAsync = q->second;
+
+                    if(q == _asyncRequestsHint)
+                    {
+                        _asyncRequests.erase(q++);
+                        _asyncRequestsHint = q;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        _asyncRequests.erase(q);
+                    }
+
+                    stream.swap(*outAsync->getIs());
+
+#if defined(ICE_USE_IOCP) || defined(ICE_OS_WINRT)
+                    //
+                    // If we just received the reply of a request which isn't acknowledge as
+                    // sent yet, we queue the reply instead of processing it right away. It
+                    // will be processed once the write callback is invoked for the message.
+                    //
+                    OutgoingMessage* message = _sendStreams.empty() ? 0 : &_sendStreams.front();
+                    if(message && message->outAsync.get() == outAsync.get())
+                    {
+                        message->receivedReply = true;
+                        outAsync = 0;
+                    }
+                    else if(outAsync->completed())
+                    {
+                        ++dispatchCount;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        outAsync = 0;
+                    }
+#else
+                    if(outAsync->completed())
+                    {
+                        ++dispatchCount;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        outAsync = 0;
+                    }
+#endif
+                    notifyAll(); // Notify threads blocked in close(false)
+                }
+
+                break;
+            }
+
+            case validateConnectionMsg:
+            {
+                traceRecv(stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                if(_callback)
+                {
+                    heartbeatCallback = _callback;
+                    ++dispatchCount;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
+
+            default:
+            {
+                trace("received unknown message\n(invalid, closing connection)", stream, _logger, _traceLevels);
+                throw UnknownMessageException(__FILE__, __LINE__);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    catch(const LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        if(_endpoint->datagram())
+        {
+            if(_warn)
+            {
+                Warning out(_logger);
+                out << "datagram connection exception:\n" << ex << '\n' << _desc;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            setState(StateClosed, ex);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return _state == StateHolding ? SocketOperationNone : SocketOperationRead;
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::invokeAll(BasicStream& stream, Int invokeNum, Int requestId, Byte compress,
+                            const ServantManagerPtr& servantManager, const ObjectAdapterPtr& adapter)
+{
+    //
+    // Note: In contrast to other private or protected methods, this
+    // operation must be called *without* the mutex locked.
+    //
+
+    try
+    {
+        while(invokeNum > 0)
+        {
+            //
+            // Prepare the invocation.
+            //
+            bool response = !_endpoint->datagram() && requestId != 0;
+            assert(!response || invokeNum == 1);
+
+            Incoming in(_instance.get(), this, this, adapter, response, compress, requestId);
+
+            //
+            // Dispatch the invocation.
+            //
+            in.invoke(servantManager, &stream);
+
+            --invokeNum;
+        }
+
+        stream.clear();
+    }
+    catch(const LocalException& ex)
+    {
+        invokeException(requestId, ex, invokeNum, false);  // Fatal invocation exception
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::scheduleTimeout(SocketOperation status)
+{
+    int timeout;
+    if(_state < StateActive)
+    {
+        DefaultsAndOverridesPtr defaultsAndOverrides = _instance->defaultsAndOverrides();
+        if(defaultsAndOverrides->overrideConnectTimeout)
+        {
+            timeout = defaultsAndOverrides->overrideConnectTimeoutValue;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            timeout = _endpoint->timeout();
+        }
+    }
+    else if(_state < StateClosingPending)
+    {
+        if(_readHeader) // No timeout for reading the header.
+        {
+            status = static_cast<SocketOperation>(status & ~SocketOperationRead);
+        }
+        timeout = _endpoint->timeout();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        DefaultsAndOverridesPtr defaultsAndOverrides = _instance->defaultsAndOverrides();
+        if(defaultsAndOverrides->overrideCloseTimeout)
+        {
+            timeout = defaultsAndOverrides->overrideCloseTimeoutValue;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            timeout = _endpoint->timeout();
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(timeout < 0)
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    try
+    {
+        if(status & IceInternal::SocketOperationRead)
+        {
+            if(_readTimeoutScheduled)
+            {
+                _timer->cancel(_readTimeout);
+            }
+            _timer->schedule(_readTimeout, IceUtil::Time::milliSeconds(timeout));
+            _readTimeoutScheduled = true;
+        }
+        if(status & (IceInternal::SocketOperationWrite | IceInternal::SocketOperationConnect))
+        {
+            if(_writeTimeoutScheduled)
+            {
+                _timer->cancel(_writeTimeout);
+            }
+            _timer->schedule(_writeTimeout, IceUtil::Time::milliSeconds(timeout));
+            _writeTimeoutScheduled = true;
+        }
+    }
+    catch(const IceUtil::Exception&)
+    {
+        assert(false);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+Ice::ConnectionI::unscheduleTimeout(SocketOperation status)
+{
+    if((status & IceInternal::SocketOperationRead) && _readTimeoutScheduled)
+    {
+        _timer->cancel(_readTimeout);
+        _readTimeoutScheduled = false;
+    }
+    if((status & (IceInternal::SocketOperationWrite | IceInternal::SocketOperationConnect)) &&
+       _writeTimeoutScheduled)
+    {
+        _timer->cancel(_writeTimeout);
+        _writeTimeoutScheduled = false;
+    }
+}
+
+Ice::ConnectionInfoPtr
+Ice::ConnectionI::initConnectionInfo() const
+{
+    if(_info)
+    {
+        return _info;
+    }
+
+    ConnectionInfoPtr info = _transceiver->getInfo();
+    info->connectionId = _endpoint->connectionId();
+    info->incoming = _connector == 0;
+    info->adapterName = _adapter ? _adapter->getName() : string();
+    if(_state > StateNotInitialized)
+    {
+        _info = info; // Cache the connection information only if initialized.
+    }
+    return info;
+}
+
+ConnectionState
+ConnectionI::toConnectionState(State state) const
+{
+    return connectionStateMap[static_cast<int>(state)];
+}
+
+SocketOperation
+ConnectionI::read(Buffer& buf)
+{
+    Buffer::Container::iterator start = buf.i;
+    SocketOperation op = _transceiver->read(buf, _hasMoreData);
+    if(_instance->traceLevels()->network >= 3 && buf.i != start)
+    {
+        Trace out(_instance->initializationData().logger, _instance->traceLevels()->networkCat);
+        out << "received ";
+        if(_endpoint->datagram())
+        {
+            out << buf.b.size();
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            out << (buf.i - start) << " of " << (buf.b.end() - start);
+        }
+        out << " bytes via " << _endpoint->protocol() << "\n" << toString();
+    }
+    return op;
+}
+
+SocketOperation
+ConnectionI::write(Buffer& buf)
+{
+    Buffer::Container::iterator start = buf.i;
+    SocketOperation op = _transceiver->write(buf);
+    if(_instance->traceLevels()->network >= 3 && buf.i != start)
+    {
+        Trace out(_instance->initializationData().logger, _instance->traceLevels()->networkCat);
+        out << "sent " << (buf.i - start);
+        if(!_endpoint->datagram())
+        {
+            out << " of " << (buf.b.end() - start);
+        }
+        out << " bytes via " << _endpoint->protocol() << "\n" << toString();
+    }
+    return op;
+}
+
+void
+ConnectionI::reap()
+{
+    if(_monitor)
+    {
+        _monitor->reap(this);
+    }
+    if(_observer)
+    {
+        _observer.detach();
+    }
+}