when_exe 0.4.1 → 0.4.2

checksums.yaml

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
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data/README.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ when_exe - A multicultural and multilingualized calendar library
 
 [![Gem Version](https://badge.fury.io/rb/when_exe.svg)](http://badge.fury.io/rb/when_exe)
 
-[when_exe](http://rubygems.org/gems/when_exe) is a multicultural and multilingualized calendar library based on [ISO 8601](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601), [ISO 19108](http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=26013), [RFC 5545(iCalendar)](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5545) and [RFC6350](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6350). JSON-LD format for TemporalPosition and TemporalReferenceSystem are available.
+[when_exe](http://rubygems.org/gems/when_exe) is a multicultural and multilingualized calendar library based on [ISO 8601](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_8601), [ISO 19108](http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=26013), [RFC 5545(iCalendar)](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5545) and [RFC6350](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6350). [JSON-LD](http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/) formats for TemporalPosition and TemporalReferenceSystem are available.
 
 [<img alt='Architecture' title='display this figure at actual size' src='https://raw.githubusercontent.com/suchowan/when_exe/f7bb8b51259f0c1653c6c37b3ce20bd2a6ab7914/architecture.png' width='637' height='408'/>](https://raw.githubusercontent.com/suchowan/when_exe/f7bb8b51259f0c1653c6c37b3ce20bd2a6ab7914/architecture.png)
 
@@ -295,39 +295,42 @@ Example Usage
     p When.when?('TZID=America/New_York:1997-10-26T02:30') #=> 1997-10-26T02:30-05:00
     p When.when?('TZID=America/New_York:1997-10-26T03:30') #=> 1997-10-26T03:30-05:00
     
+    #
     # Google Calendar ------------------------------
-    #  https://github.com/suchowan/gcalapi is required for this section's operations.
-    #  Please install gcalapi before operation.
-    #  Please replace xxxxxxxx and ******** to valid id/password pair and access Google Calendar.
+    #  https://rubygems.org/gems/google-api-client is required for this section's operations.
+    #  Please install google-api-client and add authorization file 'google-api.yaml' before operation.
     
-    service = GoogleCalendar::Service.new('xxxxxxxx@gmail.com', '********')
-    feed = "http://www.google.com/calendar/feeds/%s__%s%%40holiday.calendar.google.com/public/full" %
-            ['japanese', 'ja']
-    gcal = GoogleCalendar::Calendar::new(service, feed)
-    gcal.enum_for({'start-min'=>'2014-01-01', 'start-max'=>'2015-01-01',
-                   'orderby'=>'starttime', 'sortorder'=>'a'
-                  }).each do |range|
-      puts '%s - %s' % [range, range.events[0].summary] #=>
-        # 2014-01-01T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-01-02T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 元日
-        # 2014-01-02T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-01-03T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 銀行休業日
-        # 2014-01-03T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-01-04T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 銀行休業日
-        # 2014-01-13T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-01-14T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 成人の日
-        # 2014-02-11T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-02-12T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 建国記念の日
-        # 2014-03-21T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-03-22T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 春分の日
-        # 2014-04-29T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-04-30T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 昭和の日
-        # 2014-05-03T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-05-04T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 憲法記念日
-        # 2014-05-04T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-05-05T00:00:00.00+09:00 - みどりの日
-        # 2014-05-05T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-05-06T00:00:00.00+09:00 - こどもの日
-        # 2014-05-06T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-05-07T00:00:00.00+09:00 - みどりの日 振替休日
-        # 2014-07-21T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-07-22T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 海の日
-        # 2014-09-15T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-09-16T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 敬老の日
-        # 2014-09-23T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-09-24T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 秋分の日
-        # 2014-10-13T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-10-14T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 体育の日
-        # 2014-11-03T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-11-04T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 文化の日
-        # 2014-11-23T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-11-24T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 勤労感謝の日
-        # 2014-11-24T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-11-25T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 勤労感謝の日 振替休日
-        # 2014-12-23T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-12-24T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 天皇誕生日
-        # 2014-12-25T00:00:00.00+09:00...2014-12-26T00:00:00.00+09:00 - クリスマス
-        # 2014-12-31T00:00:00.00+09:00...2015-01-01T00:00:00.00+09:00 - 大晦日
+    require 'google/api_client'
+    require "yaml"
+    oauth_yaml = YAML.load_file('google-api.yaml')
+    client = Google::APIClient.new(:application_name => "when_exe",
+                                   :application_version => When::VERSION)
+    client.authorization.client_id = oauth_yaml["client_id"]
+    client.authorization.client_secret = oauth_yaml["client_secret"]
+    client.authorization.scope = oauth_yaml["scope"]
+    client.authorization.refresh_token = oauth_yaml["refresh_token"]
+    client.authorization.access_token = oauth_yaml["access_token"]
+    service = client.discovered_api('calendar', 'v3')
+    calendar = When::GoogleAPI::Calendar.list(client, service,
+                     'en.japanese#holiday@group.v.calendar.google.com')
+    calendar.enum_for(When.when?('20150101/1231')).each do |date|
+      p [date, date.events[0].summary] #=>
+    # [2015-01-01, "New Year's Day"]
+    # [2015-01-12, "Coming of Age Day"]
+    # [2015-02-11, "National Foundation Day"]
+    # [2015-03-21, "Spring Equinox"]
+    # [2015-04-29, "Shōwa Day"]
+    # [2015-05-03, "Constitution Memorial Day"]
+    # [2015-05-04, "Greenery Day"]
+    # [2015-05-05, "Children's Day"]
+    # [2015-05-06, "Constitution Memorial Day observed"]
+    # [2015-07-20, "Sea Day"]
+    # [2015-09-21, "Respect for the Aged Day"]
+    # [2015-09-22, "Bridge Public holiday"]
+    # [2015-09-23, "Autumn Equinox"]
+    # [2015-10-12, "Sports Day"]
+    # [2015-11-03, "Culture Day"]
+    # [2015-11-23, "Labor Thanksgiving Day"]
+    # [2015-12-23, "Emperor's Birthday"]
     end
 

data/bin/locales.rb

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ require 'net/https'
 HEADER = <<HEADER
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 =begin
-  Copyright (C) 2012-2014 Takashi SUGA
+  Copyright (C) 2012-2015 Takashi SUGA
 
   You may use and/or modify this file according to the license described in the LICENSE.txt file included in this archive.
 =end

data/bin/make_ttl.rb.config

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-{"begin"    :    "595^^Japanese",
+{"begin"    :    "593^^Japanese",
  "end"      :   "1872^^Japanese",
  "file"     :   "japanese.ttl",
  "resource" :   [

data/lib/when_exe.rb

@@ -18,11 +18,6 @@ begin
   autoload :TZInfo, 'tzinfo'
 rescue LoadError, NoMethodError
 end
-begin
-  gem 'gcalapi'
-  autoload :GoogleCalendar, 'when_exe/googlecalendar'
-rescue LoadError, NoMethodError
-end
 
 autoload :URI,       'uri'
 autoload :OpenURI,   'open-uri'
@@ -60,14 +55,16 @@ module When
     # @option options [When::Coordinates::Spatial]  :location              デフォルトの空間位置
     # @option options [When::TM::IntervalLength]    :until                 V::Event::Enumerator の until
     # @option options [Hash{String=>String}]        :alias                 Locale の読替パターン         ({ 読替前のlocale=>読替後のlocale })
-    # @option options [String]                      :namespace_format      名前空間定義の省略時に名前空間生成に用いる書式
+    # @option options [Hash{String=>String}]        :namespace_format      名前空間定義の省略時に名前空間生成に用いる書式
     # @option options [Hash{String=>String}]        :unification           漢字の包摂パターン            ({ 包摂前の文字列=>包摂後の文字列 })
+    # @option options [Numeric]                     :wikipedia_interval    Wikipedia の連続的な参照を抑制するための遅延時間/秒
     # @option options [Array<String>]               :order                 CalendarEra の検索順序        ([ IRI of When::TM::CalendarEra ])
     # @option options [Hash{String=>Array, String}] :format                strftime で用いる記号の定義   ({ 記号=>[ 書式,項目名 ] or 記号列 })
     # @option options [Array<Array>]                :leap_seconds          閏秒の挿入記録                ([ [JD, TAI-UTC, (MJD, OFFSET)] ])
     # @option options [String]                      :base_uri              Base URI for When_exe Resources (Default When::SourceURI)
     # @option options [Hash<String=>String>]        :additional_namespaces User defined namespaces (Default {})
     # @option options [String]                      :root_dir              Root Directory for When_exe Resources Cash data (Default When::RootDir)
+    # @option options [Boolean]                     :leave_const           If true, leave Constants of When module defined
     # @option options [Boolean]                     :direct                '_' で終わるメソッドをキャッシュせずに毎回計算するか否か
     # @option options [Hash{Symbol=>boolean}]       :escape                毎回 method_missing を発生させるメソッドを true にする
     # @option options [false, nil]                  :escape                to_str, to_ary, to_hash のみ毎回 method_missing を発生させる
@@ -158,7 +155,6 @@ module When
   #
   RootDir   = ENV["WHEN_EXE_ROOT_DIR"] || File.dirname(__FILE__).sub(/\/[^\/]*\z/,'')
 
-  require 'when_exe/version'
   require 'when_exe/locales/locale'
   require 'when_exe/locales/autoload'
   require 'when_exe/parts/enumerator'
@@ -170,6 +166,7 @@ module When
   require 'when_exe/ephemeris'
   require 'when_exe/coordinates'
   require 'when_exe/icalendar'
+  require 'when_exe/google_api'
   require 'when_exe/tmobjects'
   require 'when_exe/timestandard'
   require 'when_exe/tmposition'
@@ -179,6 +176,7 @@ module When
   require 'when_exe/region/m17n'
   require 'when_exe/region/residue'
   require 'when_exe/inspect'
+  require 'when_exe/version'
   require 'when_exe/linkeddata'
 
   #
@@ -232,14 +230,19 @@ module When
 
   class BasicTypes::M17n
     autoload :Japanese,                'when_exe/region/japanese'
+    autoload :JapaneseHoliday,         'when_exe/region/japanese'
     autoload :Chinese,                 'when_exe/region/chinese'
+    autoload :ChineseLuniSolar,        'when_exe/region/chinese/notes'
     autoload :Yi,                      'when_exe/region/chinese'
     autoload :Tibetan,                 'when_exe/region/tibetan'
+    autoload :Vietnamese,              'when_exe/region/vietnamese'
     autoload :Thai,                    'when_exe/region/thai'
     autoload :Balinese,                'when_exe/region/balinese'
     autoload :Javanese,                'when_exe/region/javanese'
     autoload :Indian,                  'when_exe/region/indian'
+    autoload :Zoroastrian,             'when_exe/region/zoroastrian'
     autoload :Iranian,                 'when_exe/region/iranian'
+    autoload :Bahai,                   'when_exe/region/bahai'
     autoload :Islamic,                 'when_exe/region/islamic'
     autoload :Jewish,                  'when_exe/region/jewish'
     autoload :AncientOrient,           'when_exe/region/babylonian'
@@ -247,6 +250,7 @@ module When
     autoload :Roman,                   'when_exe/region/roman'
     autoload :Coptic,                  'when_exe/region/coptic'
     autoload :French,                  'when_exe/region/french'
+    autoload :Discordian,              'when_exe/region/discordian'
     autoload :World,                   'when_exe/region/world'
     autoload :Positivist,              'when_exe/region/positivist'
     autoload :InternationalFixed,      'when_exe/region/international_fixed'
@@ -320,6 +324,9 @@ module When
     autoload :Roman,                   'when_exe/region/roman'
     autoload :Gregorian,               'when_exe/region/christian'
     autoload :FrenchRepublican,        'when_exe/region/french'
+    autoload :FrenchRepublicanRomme,   'when_exe/region/french'
+    autoload :FrenchRepublicanContinuous, 'when_exe/region/french'
+    autoload :FrenchRepublicanTropical,'when_exe/region/french'
     autoload :World,                   'when_exe/region/world'
     autoload :LongCount,               'when_exe/region/mayan'
     autoload :Positivist,              'when_exe/region/positivist'
@@ -360,6 +367,8 @@ module When
     autoload :CommonWithRokuyo,        'when_exe/region/japanese/weeks'
     autoload :RokuyoWeek,              'when_exe/region/japanese/weeks'
     autoload :Yis,                     'when_exe/region/chinese'
+    autoload :ChineseLuniSolar,        'when_exe/region/chinese/notes'
+    autoload :ChineseSolar,            'when_exe/region/chinese/notes'
     autoload :Balinese,                'when_exe/region/balinese'
     autoload :Javanese,                'when_exe/region/javanese'
     autoload :Tibetan,                 'when_exe/region/tibetan'
@@ -367,10 +376,10 @@ module When
     autoload :Roman,                   'when_exe/region/roman'
     autoload :Mayan,                   'when_exe/region/mayan'
     autoload :DiscordianWeek,          'when_exe/region/discordian'
-    autoload :CommonWithSovietFiveDay, 'when_exe/region/soviet'
-    autoload :SovietFiveDayWeek,       'when_exe/region/soviet'
-    autoload :CommonWithSovietSixDay,  'when_exe/region/soviet'
-    autoload :SovietSixDayWeek,        'when_exe/region/soviet'
+    autoload :CommonWithSovietFiveDay, 'when_exe/region/russian'
+    autoload :SovietFiveDayWeek,       'when_exe/region/russian'
+    autoload :CommonWithSovietSixDay,  'when_exe/region/russian'
+    autoload :SovietSixDayWeek,        'when_exe/region/russian'
   # autoload :Yerm,                    'when_exe/region/yerm'
     autoload :WorldWeek,               'when_exe/region/world'
     autoload :PositivistWeek,          'when_exe/region/positivist'
@@ -385,12 +394,14 @@ module When
   end
 
   module Coordinates
+    autoload :Chinese,                 'when_exe/region/chinese'
     autoload :Tibetan,                 'when_exe/region/tibetan'
     autoload :Yi,                      'when_exe/region/chinese'
     autoload :Javanese,                'when_exe/region/javanese'
     autoload :Indian,                  'when_exe/region/indian'
     autoload :Iranian,                 'when_exe/region/iranian'
     autoload :Bahai,                   'when_exe/region/bahai'
+    autoload :Russian,                 'when_exe/region/russian'
     autoload :Roman,                   'when_exe/region/roman'
     autoload :Mayan,                   'when_exe/region/mayan'
 
@@ -443,13 +454,13 @@ module When
       autoload :Jewish,                'when_exe/region/jewish'
       autoload :AncientOrient,         'when_exe/region/babylonian'
       autoload :Roman,                 'when_exe/region/roman'
-      autoload :Julian,                'when_exe/region/roman'
+      autoload :Julians,               'when_exe/region/roman'
       autoload :Pope,                  'when_exe/region/pope'
       autoload :Byzantine,             'when_exe/region/christian'
       autoload :LongCount,             'when_exe/region/mayan'
 
       # Defualt search path for Epochs and Eras
-      DefaultEpochs = ['Common',   'ModernJapanese',
+      DefaultEpochs = ['Common',   'ModernJapanese', 'Gregorian', 'Julian',
                        'Hijra',    'Jewish',    'Iranian',
                        'Roman',    'Byzantine', 'AncientOrient', 'LongCount',
                        'BalineseLuniSolar',  'JavaneseLunar',
@@ -515,9 +526,9 @@ module When
     when TM::TemporalPosition, Parts::GeometricComplex ; specification
     when TM::Position ; specification.any_other
     when Array        ; begin options = TM::TemporalPosition._options(options) ; specification.map {|e| when?(e, options)} end
-    when /\Atoday(\^{1,2}(.+))?\z/i ; today($2 ? {:frame=>$2}.update(options) : options)
-    when /\Anow(\^{1,2}(.+))?\z/i   ; now(  $2 ? {:frame=>$2}.update(options) : options)
-    when /(JDN|MJD|SDN|CEP)(\z|\^)/i; TM::JulianDate.parse(specification, options)
+    when /\Atoday((\^|%5E){1,2}(.+))?\z/i ; today($3 ? {:frame=>$3}.update(options) : options)
+    when /\Anow((\^|%5E){1,2}(.+))?\z/i   ; now(  $3 ? {:frame=>$3}.update(options) : options)
+    when /(JDN|MJD|SDN|CEP)(\z|\^|%5E)/i  ; TM::JulianDate.parse(specification, options)
     when /[\n\r]+/    ; when?(specification.split(/[\n\r]+/), options)
     when String       ; TM::TemporalPosition._instance(EncodingConversion.to_internal_encoding(specification), options)
     when Numeric      ; TM::JulianDate.new(+specification, TM::TemporalPosition._options(options))

data/lib/when_exe/basictypes.rb

@@ -1,771 +1,772 @@
-# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
-=begin
-  Copyright (C) 2011-2014 Takashi SUGA
-
-  You may use and/or modify this file according to the license described in the LICENSE.txt file included in this archive.
-=end
-
-module When
-
-  # ISO 19108 以外の ISO に規定のある基本的なデータ型
-  # およびその subclass
-  module BasicTypes
-
-    #
-    # ISO 8601 Date and Time Representation
-    #
-    # see {xml schema}[link:http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes#date_time]
-    #
-    class DateTime < String
-
-      class << self
-
-        # When.exe Standard Representation 形式の表現を分解してArray化する
-        #
-        # @param [String] date_time 日時を表現する When.exe Standard Representation 形式の文字列
-        # @param [Hash] options 以下の通り
-        # @option options [String, Array<String, Integer>] :era_name デフォルトの年号(Integerは0年に対応する通年)
-        # @option options [Array<Numeric>] :abbr 上位省略形式で使用する上位部分
-        # @option options [Integer] :extra_year_digits ISO8601拡大表記のための年の構成要素拡大桁数(省略時 1桁)
-        # @option options [Integer] :ordinal_date_digits ISO8601拡大表記の年内通日の桁数(省略時 3桁)
-        #
-        # @return [Array] format, date, time, clock, era
-        #
-        #   format (Symbol, nil)
-        #     nil      通常形式
-        #     :century 世紀指定形式   ('CC', '+CCCC', '-CCCC')
-        #     :day     年間通算日形式 ('YYDDD'など)
-        #     :week    暦週形式       ('YYWNN'など)
-        #
-        #   date  (Array<Numeric>) 日付部分
-        #
-        #   time  (Array<Numeric>) 時刻部分
-        #
-        #   clock (String)         時間帯
-        #
-        #   era   (String, Array<String, Integer>) 年号(Integerは0年に対応する通年)
-        #
-        def _to_array(date_time, options={})
-          raise TypeError, "Argument is not ISO 8601 String" unless date_time.kind_of?(String)
-          if options[:abbr].kind_of?(When::TimeValue)
-            options[:abbr] = ((options[:frame]||When::Gregorian) ^ options[:abbr]).cal_date
-          end
-          date_time = date_time.gsub(/_([\d])/, '\1')
-          begin
-            return _to_array_basic(date_time, options)
-          rescue ArgumentError
-            return _to_array_extended(date_time, options)
-          end
-        end
-
-        private
-
-        # ISO 8601 基本形式の表現を分解して配列化する
-        def _to_array_basic(date_time, options={})
-
-          case date_time
-          # basic date & time format (ISO 8601)
-          when /\A([-+W\d]+)(?:(T([.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+]\d+)?)?\z/
-            d, t, time, clock = $~[1..4]
-            format, date  = Date._to_array_basic_ISO8601(d, options)
-
-          # basic date & time format (JIS X0301)
-          when /\A([.\d]+)(?:(T([.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+]\d+)?)?\z/
-            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless options[:era_name]
-            d, t, time, clock = $~[1..4]
-            format, date  = Date._to_array_basic_X0301(d, options)
-            era = options[:era_name]
-
-          # basic time format (ISO 8601)
-          when /\A(T(-{0,2}[.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+]\d+)?\z/
-            t, time, clock = $~[1..3]
-
-          # not supported
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date_time}"
-          end
-
-          return [format, date, Time._to_array_basic(time, t, options),
-                                Time._to_string_clock(clock), era]
-        end
-
-        # ISO 8601 拡張形式の表現を分解して配列化する
-        def _to_array_extended(date_time, options={})
-
-          case date_time
-          # extended date & time format (ISO 8601)
-          when /\A(([-+*&%@!>=<?\dW.\(\)]|\{.+?\})+)(?:(T([:*=.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+][:\d]+)?)?\z/
-            d, v, t, time, clock = $~[1..5]
-            d, r = _split_residue(d, options[:abbr]) if d =~ /\{/
-            if d =~ /[\(\)]/
-              d = When::CalendarTypes::Yerm.parse(d, options[:abbr])
-              options[:frame] ||= 'Yerm'
-            end
-            format, date  = Date._to_array_extended_ISO8601(d, options)
-
-          # extended date & time format (JIS X0301)
-          when  /\A((.+::)?(\[[^\]]+\]|[^-+\d{]+))(([-+*&%@!>=<?\dW.\(\)]|\{.+?\})+)?(?:(T([:*=.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+][:\d]+)?)?\z/
-            era, parent, child, d, v, t, time, clock = $~[1..8]
-            d, r = _split_residue(d, options[:abbr]) if d =~ /\{/
-            format, date, era = Date._to_array_extended_X0301(d, era, options)
-            era ||= options[:era_name] if d =~ /\./
-
-          # extended time format (ISO 8601)
-          when /\A(T(-{0,2}[:*=.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+][:\d]+)?\z/
-            t, time, clock = $~[1..3]
-
-          # not supported
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date_time}"
-          end
-
-          return [format, date, Time._to_array_extended(time, t, options),
-                                Time._to_string_clock(clock), era, r]
-        end
-
-        # 剰余類の指定を置き換える
-        def _split_residue(d, abbr)
-          abbr,    = abbr
-          residue = {}
-          count   = 0
-          sign, d = d =~ /^-/ ? ['-', d[1..-1]] : ['', d]
-          [sign + d.gsub(/[-+*&%@!>=<?.]|\{.+?\}/) {|s|
-            if s =~ /\{/
-              residue[count] = s[1..-2]
-              count == 0 ? (abbr || 1) : ''
-            else
-              count += 1
-              s
-            end
-          }, residue]
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # ISO 8601 Date Representation
-    #
-    # see {xml schema}[link:http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes#date]
-    #
-    class Date < DateTime
-
-      # @private
-      Extra_Year_Digits = Hash.new {|hash, key|
-        ex = (key || 1).to_i
-        hash[key] =
-          if ex > 0
-            [
-              /\A(\d{2})\z/,
-              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})(\d{2})(\d{2})\z/,
-              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})-(\d{2})\z/,
-              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})\z/,
-              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/,
-              /\A([+]\d{#{2+ex}})\z/,
-              /\A([-]\d{#{2+ex}})\z/,
-              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})(\d{3})\z/
-            ]
-          elsif ex == 0
-            [/\A(\d{2})\z/] + [/\A(\d{4})\z/] * 6
-          else
-            [/\A(\d{4})\z/] * 7
-          end
-      }
-
-      # @private
-      Ordinal_Date_Digits = Hash.new {|hash, key|
-        hash[key] = /\A(\d{#{(key || 3).to_i}})\z/
-      }
-
-      class << self
-        # ISO 8601 基本形式の表現を分解して配列化する
-        def _to_array_basic_ISO8601(date, options={})
-          by, bm, bd = options[:abbr]
-          extra_reg  = Extra_Year_Digits[options[:extra_year_digits]]
-          case date
-          when nil                            ; return nil
-          when /\A(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})\z/    ; return nil,     [$1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i]          # 5.2.1.1
-          when /\A(\d{4})-(\d{2})\z/          ; return nil,     [$1.to_i, $2.to_i]                   # 5.2.1.2
-          when /\A(\d{4})\z/                  ; return nil,     [$1.to_i]                            # 5.2.1.2
-          when extra_reg[0]                   ; return :century,[$1.to_i * 100]                      # 5.2.1.2
-          when /\A(\d{4})(\d{3})\z/           ; return :day,    [$1.to_i, $2.to_i]                   # 5.2.2.1
-          when /\A(\d{4})W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/  ; return :week,   [$1.to_i, $2.to_i, _int($3)]         # 5.2.3.1-2
-          when extra_reg[1]                   ; return nil,     [$1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i]          # 5.2.1.4 a)
-          when extra_reg[2]                   ; return nil,     [$1.to_i, $2.to_i]                   # 5.2.1.4 b)
-          when extra_reg[3]                   ; return nil,     [$1.to_i]                            # 5.2.1.4 c)
-          when extra_reg[4]                   ; return :week,   [$1.to_i, $2.to_i, _int($3)]         # 5.2.3.4 a-b)
-          when extra_reg[5]                   ; return :century,[$1.to_i * 100]                      # 5.2.1.4 d)
-          when extra_reg[6]                   ; return :century,[$1.to_i * 100]       unless by      # 5.2.1.4 d)
-          when extra_reg[7]                   ; return :day,    [$1.to_i, $2.to_i]                   # 5.2.2.3 a)
-          else                                ; raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless by
-          end
-
-          by = by.to_i
-          case date
-          when /\A(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})\z/    ; return nil,     [_century($1,by), $2.to_i, $3.to_i]  # 5.2.1.3 a)
-          when /\A-(\d{2})(\d{2})?\z/         ; return nil,     [_century($1,by), _int($2)]          # 5.2.1.3 b-c)
-          when /\A--(\d{2})(\d{2})?\z/        ; return nil,     [by, $1.to_i,     _int($2)]          # 5.2.1.3 d-e)
-          when /\A(\d{2})(\d{3})\z/           ; return :day,    [_century($1,by), $2.to_i]           # 5.2.2.2 a)
-          when /\A-(\d{3})\z/                 ; return :day,    [by, $1.to_i]                        # 5.2.2.2 b)
-          when /\A(\d{2})W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/  ; return :week,   [_century($1,by), $2.to_i, _int($3)] # 5.2.3.3 a-b)
-          when /\A-(\d{1})W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/ ; return :week,   [_decade($1,by),  $2.to_i, _int($3)] # 5.2.3.3 c-d)
-          when /\A-W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/        ; return :week,   [by, $1.to_i,     _int($2)]          # 5.2.3.3 e-f)
-          else                                ; raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless bm
-          end
-
-          bm = bm.to_i
-          case date
-          when /\A---(\d{2})\z/               ; return nil,     [by, bm, $1.to_i]                    # 5.2.1.3 f)
-          when /\A-W-(\d{1})\z/               ; return :week,   [by, bm, $1.to_i]                    # 5.2.3.3 g)
-          when /\A----\z/                     ; return nil,     [by, bm, bd.to_i] if bd              # extension
-          end
-
-          raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date}"
-        end
-
-        # JIS X0301 基本形式の表現を分解して配列化する
-        def _to_array_basic_X0301(date, options={})
-          raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless date =~ /\./
-          date.scan(/\d+\./) do |part|
-            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless part.length == 3
-          end
-          _to_array_basic_ISO8601(date.gsub(/\./, ''), {:abbr=>options[:abbr]||1})
-        end
-
-        # ISO 8601 拡張形式の表現を分解して配列化する
-        def _to_array_extended_ISO8601(date, options={})
-          return nil unless date
-          abbr = Array(options[:abbr]).dup
-          unless date =~ /\A([-+]?\d+#{abbr[0] ? '|-' : ''})([-*=.])?(.*)/
-            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date}"
-          end
-          date = $3
-          dd   = [Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(_completion($1, abbr.shift), $2)]
-          while date =~ /\A(\d+#{abbr[0] ? '|-' : ''})([-+*&%@!>=<?.])(.+)/
-            date = $3
-            dd << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(_completion($1, abbr.shift), $2)
-          end
-          case date
-          when /\AW(\d+#{abbr[0] ? '|-' : ''})([-+*&%@!>=<?.])?(\d+)?([-*=?%@])?\z/
-            dd << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(_completion($1, abbr.shift), $2)
-            dd << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair($3, $4)
-            return :week, dd
-          when Ordinal_Date_Digits[options[:ordinal_date_digits]]
-            dd << $1.to_i
-            return :day, dd
-          when /\A(\d+#{abbr[0] ? '|-' : ''})([-+*&%@!>=<?.])?\z/
-            dd << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(_completion($1, abbr.shift), $2)
-            return nil, dd
-          when ''
-            return nil, dd
-          else
-           raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date}"
-          end
-        end
-
-        # JIS X0301 拡張形式の表現を分解して配列化する
-        def _to_array_extended_X0301(date, era, options={})
-          if (date =~ /\A([-+\d]+)\(([-+\d]+)\)(.*)\z/)
-            year = $2
-            date = $1 + $3
-          end
-          format, date  = _to_array_extended_ISO8601(date, options)
-          if (year)
-            yy   = year.to_i
-            ee   = date[0] * 1
-            era  = [era, yy-ee, yy+ee]
-          end
-          return format, date, era
-        end
-
-        private
-
-        def _completion(digits, base)
-          case digits
-          when nil             ; return nil
-          when /\A\d{5}/       ; raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{digits}" if base
-          else                 ; return digits.to_i unless base
-          end
-
-          base = base.to_i
-          case digits
-          when '-'             ; return base
-          when /\A-?(\d{1})\z/ ; return _decade( $1, base)
-          when /\A-?(\d{2})\z/ ; return _century($1, base)
-          else                 ; return digits.to_i
-          end
-        end
-
-        def _century(year, base)
-          quotient, remainder = base.divmod(100)
-          year      = year.to_i
-          quotient += 1 if year < remainder
-          return quotient * 100 + year
-        end
-
-        def _decade(year, base)
-          quotient, remainder = base.divmod(10)
-          year      = year.to_i
-          quotient += 1 if year < remainder
-          return quotient * 10 + year
-        end
-
-        def _int(digits)
-          return digits ? digits.to_i : nil
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # ISO 8601 Time Representation
-    #
-    # see {xml schema}[link:http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes#time]
-    #
-    class Time < DateTime
-
-      class << self
-        # 基本形式の表現を分解して配列化する
-        def _to_array_basic(time, t, options={})
-          return nil unless t
-          return [0] unless time
-          time.sub!(/,/, '.')
-          unless (time =~ /\A(\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?|-)(\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?|-)?(\d{2}(\.\d+)?)?\z/)
-            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong time format: #{time}"
-          end
-          indices = options[:frame] ? When.Calendar(options[:frame]).indices : Coordinates::DefaultDateIndices
-          abbr = Array(options[:abbr]).dup
-          abbr[0..indices.length] = []
-          return [0, Coordinates::Pair._en_number($1=='-' ? abbr[0] : $1, nil),
-                     Coordinates::Pair._en_number($2=='-' ? abbr[1] : $2, nil),
-                     Coordinates::Pair._en_number($3, nil)]
-        end
-
-        # 拡張形式の表現を分解して配列化する
-        def _to_array_extended(time, t, options={})
-          return nil unless t
-          return [0] unless time
-          indices = options[:frame] ? When.Calendar(options[:frame]).indices : Coordinates::DefaultDateIndices
-          abbr = Array(options[:abbr]).dup
-          abbr[0..indices.length] = []
-          time.sub!(/,/, '.')
-          if time =~ /\A([:*=])(.+)/
-            time = $2
-            tt = [Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(0, $1)]
-          else
-            tt = [0]
-          end
-          while time =~ /\A(\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?|-)([:*=])(.+)/
-            time = $3
-            tt << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair($1=='-' ? abbr.shift : $1, $2)
-          end
-          case time
-          when /\A(\d{2}(\.\d+)?)\z/
-            tt << Coordinates::Pair._en_number($1, nil)
-          when ''
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong time format: #{time}"
-          end
-          return tt
-        end
-
-        # 時間帯の表現を正規化する
-        def _to_string_clock(clock)
-          return nil unless clock
-          return clock if (clock =~ /\A[A-Z]+(\?.+)?\z/)
-          raise ArgumentError, "Wrong clock format: #{clock}" unless clock =~ /\A([-+])(\d{2})(?::?(\d{2}))?(?::?(\d{2}))?\z/
-          sgn, h, m, s = $~[1..4]
-          zone  = sgn + h + ':' + (m||'00')
-          zone += s if s
-          return zone
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # コード
-    # 
-    # 当該コードを定義している辞書, シソーラスまたは機関への参照を
-    # オプショナルな codeSpace 属性に保持することができる文字列
-    #
-    # see {http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/basicTypes.xsd#CodeType gml schema}
-    #
-    class Code < String
-
-      # an optional codeSpace
-      #
-      # @return [String] anyURI (Optional)
-      attr_accessor :code_space
-      alias :codeSpace :code_space
-      private :code_space=
-
-      # オブジェクトの生成
-      #
-      # @param [String] code Text token
-      # @param [String] namespace code を定義している authority の URI
-      #
-      def initialize(code, namespace=nil)
-        @code_space = namespace
-        self[0..-1] = code
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # == 多言語対応文字列
-    #
-    #   本ライブラリで用いる諸々の用語を多言語対応で曖昧性なく管理するため
-    #   Code の subclass として定義する
-    #
-    # == 内部変数
-    # ===  self[ 0..-1 ] : String
-    #  インスタンスを代表する文字列
-    #  通常の String として振舞う場合は、この文字列として振舞う
-    #
-    # ===  @locale     : Hash
-    #  インスタンスがさす言葉の諸言語での表現を文字列として保持する
-    #  locale指定('lang_country.encoding') => その locale での文字列
-    #    locale指定の要素に省略がある場合、残った共通の要素によって文字列を特定する
-    #    Ex. @locale = {'en'=>'March', 'ja'=>'三月'} ならば、locale が
-    #        'en_US', 'en_GB' のいずれでもlocale での文字列は 'March'
-    #
-    # ===  @namespace  : Hash
-    #  インスタンスがさす言葉の意味を特定するための authority の URI を保持する
-    #  locale指定('lang_country.encoding') => その locale での authority の URI
-    #    locale指定の要素に省略がある場合、残った共通の要素によってURIを特定する
-    #    Ex. @locale = {'en'=>'en:March', 'ja'=>'ja:3%E6%9C%88'} ならば、locale が
-    #        'en_US', 'en_GB' のいずれでもlocale での authority の URIは 'en:March'
-    #  当該用語が標準管理機関で管理されていない場合、wikipedia の当該項目の URI を用いる
-    #
-    # ===  @code_space : String
-    #  代表的な authority の URI
-    #   @namespace[''] である
-    #
-    # see {When::Locale}, {When::Parts::Resource}
-    #
-    class M17n < Code
-      include When::Locale
-      include Parts::Resource
-
-      # @private
-      HashProperty = [:label, :names, :link, :access_key, :code_space]
-
-      # @private
-      LabelTypes = {
-        'Residue' => ['Coordinates',      '%s',     '_co:%s%s'     ],
-        'Week'    => ['CalendarNote',     '%sWeek', '_n:%sWeek%s'  ],
-        'Notes'   => ['CalendarNote',     '%s',     '_n:%s/Notes%s'],
-        nil       => ['BasicTypes::M17n', '%s',     '_m:%s%s'      ]
-      }
-
-      class << self
-
-        #
-        # resource の取得
-        #
-        # @param [When::Parts::Resource, String] source
-        #
-        # @return [When::Parts::Resource]
-        #
-        # @private
-        def _label(source)
-          case source
-          when Parts::Resource, nil       ; return source
-          when Parts::Resource::IRIHeader ; return Parts::Resource._instance(source)
-          end
-          iri = Parts::Resource._abbreviation_to_iri(source, LabelTypes)
-          iri ? Parts::Resource._instance(iri) : nil
-        end
-
-        #
-        # label の取得
-        #
-        # @param [When::Parts::Resource, String] source
-        #
-        # @return [When::BasicTypes::M17n, String]
-        #
-        def label(source)
-          resource = _label(source)
-          case resource
-          when nil             ; return source
-          when M17n            ; return resource
-          when Parts::Resource ; return resource.label
-          else                 ; return resource
-          end
-        end
-
-        #
-        # label の Array の取得
-        #
-        # @param [When::Parts::Resource, Array] source
-        #
-        # @return [Array]
-        #
-        def labels(source)
-          array =
-            if source.kind_of?(Array)
-              source
-            else
-              resource = _label(source)
-              return nil unless resource
-              resource.child
-            end
-          case array[0]
-          when M17n            ; return array
-          when Parts::Resource ; return array.map {|v| v.label}
-          else                 ; return array
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      #
-      # 代表名
-      #
-      # @return [String]
-      #
-      attr_reader :label
-
-      #
-      # 名前が意味するもの自体のオブジェクト
-      #
-      # @return [When::BasicTypes::Object]
-      #
-      alias :what :parent
-
-      #
-      # When::BasicTypes::M17n に変換する - 何もしないで自身を返す
-      #
-      # @return [When::BasicTypes::M17n]
-      #
-      def to_m17n
-        self
-      end
-
-      # 
-      # 内部エンコーディング文字列化
-      #
-      def to_internal_encoding
-        _copy({:label      => When::EncodingConversion.to_internal_encoding(to_s),
-               :names      => Hash[*(names.keys.map {|name| [name, When::EncodingConversion.to_internal_encoding(names[name])]}).flatten],
-               :link       => link,
-               :access_key => access_key,
-               :code_space => code_space
-              })
-      end
-
-      # 
-      # 外部エンコーディング文字列化
-      #
-      def to_external_encoding
-        _copy({:label      => When::EncodingConversion.to_external_encoding(to_s),
-               :names      => Hash[*(names.keys.map {|name| [name, When::EncodingConversion.to_external_encoding(names[name])]}).flatten],
-               :link       => link,
-               :access_key => access_key,
-               :code_space => code_space
-              })
-      end
-
-      # オブジェクトの生成
-      #
-      # @overload initialize(names, namespace={}, locale=[])
-      #   @param [Array<String>] names
-      #
-      #     [String] '*locale:label=prefix:link'
-      #       *       - 存在すれば、label をインスタンスを代表する文字列とする
-      #       locale  - label に対応する locale指定(なければ、locale 引数の指定を用いる)
-      #       label   - locale 指定に対応する label
-      #       prefix:link - その locale での authority の URI
-      #       prefix: - namespace 引数の指定により URI に展開する
-      #       link    - なければ labelをURI encodeして用いる
-      #
-      #   @param [Hash] namespace { prefix=>uri }
-      #
-      #     lables, locale 引数の prefix の展開に用いる
-      #
-      #   @param [Array<String>] locale
-      #
-      #     [String] '*locale=prefix:link'
-      #       *       - 存在すれば、label をインスタンスを代表する文字列とする
-      #       locale  - locale指定
-      #       prefix:link - authority の URI
-      #       prefix: - namespace 引数の指定により URI に展開する
-      #
-      # @example
-      #   M17n.new(['3月', 'fr:Mars=http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(mois)', 'March'],
-      #            {'en_wikipedia'=>'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/',
-      #             'ja_wikipedia'=>'http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/'},
-      #            ['=ja_wikipedia:', '*en=en_wikipedia:']) を行うと、生成された M17n では、
-      #   @names     = {''  =>'3月', 'fr'=>'Mars', 'en'=>'March'}
-      #   @namespace = {''  =>'http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/3%E6%9C%88',
-      #                 'fr'=>'http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(mois)',
-      #                 'en'=>'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March'}
-      #   となり、通常の String として振舞う場合は 'March' として振舞う
-      #
-      def initialize(*args)
-        rest, options = _attributes(args)
-        _sequence
-
-        return _pool[@label.to_s] ?
-          _copy_all(_pool[@label.to_s]) :  # 階層になった Resource の代表ラベルのための生成
-          _copy(options) if @label         # M17n#to_h の出力と書式互換の入力による生成
-
-        case rest[0]
-        when When::Parts::Resource::ContentLine
-          content, namespace = rest
-          namespace ||= {}
-          names       = []
-          locale      = []
-          begin
-            loc   = content.attribute['language'].object
-            locale << [nil, loc, namespace[loc]]
-            name  = content.object
-            ref   = content.attribute['reference'] || content.attribute['url']
-            name += '=' + (/\ANUL\z/i =~ ref.object ? '' : ref.object) if ref
-            names << name
-          end while (content = content.same_altid)
-          @names     ||= names.reverse
-          @namespace ||= namespace if namespace.kind_of?(Hash)
-          @locale    ||= locale.reverse
-        when nil ;
-        else
-          names, namespace, locale = rest
-          @names       = names if names
-          @namespace ||= When::Locale._namespace(namespace) if namespace
-          @locale    ||= When::Locale._locale(locale)       if locale
-        end
-        @namespace ||= {}
-        @locale    ||= []
-
-        @code_space = @namespace['']
-        self[0..-1] = @label = _names(@names, @namespace, @locale)
-      end
-    end
-
-    #
-    # Abstract class for instance having permanent life with IRI
-    #
-    # see {When::Parts::Resource}
-    # see {http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/basicTypes.xsd#ObjectType gml schema}
-    #
-    class Object
-
-      include Parts::Resource
-
-      # 名前
-      #
-      # @return [String, When::BasicTypes::M17n]
-      #
-      attr_reader :label
-
-      private
-
-      # オブジェクトの初期化
-      def initialize(*args)
-        @_lock_ = Mutex.new if When.multi_thread
-        _normalize(*_attributes(args))
-        _sequence
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # RS::Identifier を提供する
-  #
-  module RS
-
-    # 参照系の識別子
-    #
-    # see {http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/referenceSystems.xsd#IdentifierType gml schema}
-    #
-    class Identifier
-
-      # The code or name for this Identifier
-      #
-      # @return [When::BasicTypes::Code]
-      #
-      attr_reader :name
-
-      # Identifier of the version of the associated codeSpace or code
-      #
-      # @return [Array<String>]
-      #
-      attr_reader :version
-
-      # Remarks about this code or alias
-      #
-      # @return [Array<String>] String は URI/IRI文字列の場合あり
-      #
-      attr_reader :remarks
-
-      # オブジェクトの生成
-      #
-      # @param [When::BasicTypes::Code] name
-      # @param [Array<String>] version
-      # @param [Array<String>] remarks String は URI/IRI文字列の場合あり
-      #
-      def initialize(name, version=nil, remarks=nil)
-        @name    = name
-        @version = version
-        @remarks = remarks
-      end
-
-      # その他のメソッド
-      #
-      # @note When::RS::Identifier で定義されていないメソッドは
-      #   処理を @name (type: When::BasicTypes::Code) に委譲する
-      #
-      def method_missing(name, *args, &block)
-        self.class.module_eval %Q{
-          def #{name}(*args, &block)
-            @name.send("#{name}", *args, &block)
-          end
-        } unless When::Parts::MethodCash.escape(name)
-        @name.send(name, *args, &block)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # EX::Extent を提供する
-  #
-  module EX
-
-    # 参照系の時間的および空間的な使用範囲を記述する
-    #
-    # 本ライブラリでは、時間的使用範囲を記述ためにのみ使用している
-    #
-    # see {http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/referenceSystems.xsd#ExtentType gml schema}
-    #
-    class Extent
-
-      # time periods
-      #
-      # 時間的使用範囲の上限と下限を示す
-      #
-      # @return [When::TM::Period]
-      #
-      attr_reader :temporal_extent
-      alias :temporalExtent :temporal_extent
-
-      # オブジェクトの生成
-      #
-      # @param [When::TM::Period] extent
-      #
-      def initialize(extent)
-        @temporal_extent = extent
-      end
-
-      # その他のメソッド
-      #
-      # @note When::EX::Extent で定義されていないメソッドは
-      #   処理を @temporal_extent (type: When::TM::Period) に委譲する
-      #
-      def method_missing(name, *args, &block)
-        self.class.module_eval %Q{
-          def #{name}(*args, &block)
-            list = args.map {|arg| arg.kind_of?(self.class) ? arg.temporal_extent : arg}
-            @temporal_extent.send("#{name}", *list, &block)
-          end
-        } unless When::Parts::MethodCash.escape(name)
-        list = args.map {|arg| arg.kind_of?(self.class) ? arg.temporal_extent : arg}
-        @temporal_extent.send(name, *list, &block)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+=begin
+  Copyright (C) 2011-2015 Takashi SUGA
+
+  You may use and/or modify this file according to the license described in the LICENSE.txt file included in this archive.
+=end
+
+module When
+
+  # ISO 19108 以外の ISO に規定のある基本的なデータ型
+  # およびその subclass
+  module BasicTypes
+
+    #
+    # ISO 8601 Date and Time Representation
+    #
+    # see {xml schema}[link:http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes#date_time]
+    #
+    class DateTime < String
+
+      class << self
+
+        # When.exe Standard Representation 形式の表現を分解してArray化する
+        #
+        # @param [String] date_time 日時を表現する When.exe Standard Representation 形式の文字列
+        # @param [Hash] options 以下の通り
+        # @option options [String, Array<String, Integer>] :era_name デフォルトの年号(Integerは0年に対応する通年)
+        # @option options [Array<Numeric>] :abbr 上位省略形式で使用する上位部分
+        # @option options [Integer] :extra_year_digits ISO8601拡大表記のための年の構成要素拡大桁数(省略時 1桁)
+        # @option options [Integer] :ordinal_date_digits ISO8601拡大表記の年内通日の桁数(省略時 3桁)
+        #
+        # @return [Array] format, date, time, clock, era
+        #
+        #   format (Symbol, nil)
+        #     nil      通常形式
+        #     :century 世紀指定形式   ('CC', '+CCCC', '-CCCC')
+        #     :day     年間通算日形式 ('YYDDD'など)
+        #     :week    暦週形式       ('YYWNN'など)
+        #
+        #   date  (Array<Numeric>) 日付部分
+        #
+        #   time  (Array<Numeric>) 時刻部分
+        #
+        #   clock (String)         時間帯
+        #
+        #   era   (String, Array<String, Integer>) 年号(Integerは0年に対応する通年)
+        #
+        def _to_array(date_time, options={})
+          raise TypeError, "Argument is not ISO 8601 String" unless date_time.kind_of?(String)
+          if options[:abbr].kind_of?(When::TimeValue)
+            options[:abbr] = ((options[:frame]||When::Gregorian) ^ options[:abbr]).cal_date
+          end
+          date_time = date_time.gsub(/[_\s]+([\d])/, '\1')
+          begin
+            return _to_array_basic(date_time, options)
+          rescue ArgumentError
+            return _to_array_extended(date_time, options)
+          end
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        # ISO 8601 基本形式の表現を分解して配列化する
+        def _to_array_basic(date_time, options={})
+
+          case date_time
+          # basic date & time format (ISO 8601)
+          when /\A([-+W\d]+)(?:(T([.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+]\d+)?)?\z/
+            d, t, time, clock = $~[1..4]
+            format, date  = Date._to_array_basic_ISO8601(d, options)
+
+          # basic date & time format (JIS X0301)
+          when /\A([.\d]+)(?:(T([.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+]\d+)?)?\z/
+            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless options[:era_name]
+            d, t, time, clock = $~[1..4]
+            format, date  = Date._to_array_basic_X0301(d, options)
+            era = options[:era_name]
+
+          # basic time format (ISO 8601)
+          when /\A(T(-{0,2}[.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+]\d+)?\z/
+            t, time, clock = $~[1..3]
+
+          # not supported
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date_time}"
+          end
+
+          return [format, date, Time._to_array_basic(time, t, options),
+                                Time._to_string_clock(clock), era]
+        end
+
+        # ISO 8601 拡張形式の表現を分解して配列化する
+        def _to_array_extended(date_time, options={})
+
+          case date_time
+          # extended date & time format (ISO 8601)
+          when /\A(([-+*&%@!>=<?\dW.\(\)]|\{.+?\})+)(?:(T([:*=.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+][:\d]+)?)?\z/
+            d, v, t, time, clock = $~[1..5]
+            d, r = _split_residue(d, options[:abbr]) if d =~ /\{/
+            if d =~ /[\(\)]/
+              d = When::CalendarTypes::Yerm.parse(d, options[:abbr])
+              options[:frame] ||= 'Yerm'
+            end
+            format, date  = Date._to_array_extended_ISO8601(d, options)
+
+          # extended date & time format (JIS X0301)
+          when  /\A((.+::)?(\[[^\]]+\]|[^-+\d{]+))(([-+*&%@!>=<?\dW.\(\)]|\{.+?\})+)?(?:(T([:*=.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+][:\d]+)?)?\z/
+            era, parent, child, d, v, t, time, clock = $~[1..8]
+            d0 = d
+            d, r = _split_residue(d, options[:abbr]) if d =~ /\{/
+            format, date, era = Date._to_array_extended_X0301(d, era, options)
+            era ||= options[:era_name] if d =~ /\./
+
+          # extended time format (ISO 8601)
+          when /\A(T(-{0,2}[:*=.,\d]+)?)([A-Z]+(\?.+)?|[-+][:\d]+)?\z/
+            t, time, clock = $~[1..3]
+
+          # not supported
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date_time}"
+          end
+
+          return [format, date, Time._to_array_extended(time, t, options),
+                                Time._to_string_clock(clock), era, r]
+        end
+
+        # 剰余類の指定を置き換える
+        def _split_residue(d, abbr)
+          abbr,    = abbr
+          residue = {}
+          count   = 0
+          sign, d = d =~ /^-/ ? ['-', d[1..-1]] : ['', d]
+          [sign + d.gsub(/[-+*&%@!>=<?.]|(\d)?\{(.+?)\}/) {|s|
+            if $2
+              residue[count] = $2
+              count == 0 ? ($1 || abbr || 1) : $1
+            else
+              count += 1
+              s
+            end
+          }, residue]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # ISO 8601 Date Representation
+    #
+    # see {xml schema}[link:http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes#date]
+    #
+    class Date < DateTime
+
+      # @private
+      Extra_Year_Digits = Hash.new {|hash, key|
+        ex = (key || 1).to_i
+        hash[key] =
+          if ex > 0
+            [
+              /\A(\d{2})\z/,
+              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})(\d{2})(\d{2})\z/,
+              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})-(\d{2})\z/,
+              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})\z/,
+              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/,
+              /\A([+]\d{#{2+ex}})\z/,
+              /\A([-]\d{#{2+ex}})\z/,
+              /\A([-+]\d{#{4+ex}})(\d{3})\z/
+            ]
+          elsif ex == 0
+            [/\A(\d{2})\z/] + [/\A(\d{4})\z/] * 6
+          else
+            [/\A(\d{4})\z/] * 7
+          end
+      }
+
+      # @private
+      Ordinal_Date_Digits = Hash.new {|hash, key|
+        hash[key] = /\A(\d{#{(key || 3).to_i}})\z/
+      }
+
+      class << self
+        # ISO 8601 基本形式の表現を分解して配列化する
+        def _to_array_basic_ISO8601(date, options={})
+          by, bm, bd = options[:abbr]
+          extra_reg  = Extra_Year_Digits[options[:extra_year_digits]]
+          case date
+          when nil                            ; return nil
+          when /\A(\d{4})(\d{2})(\d{2})\z/    ; return nil,     [$1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i]          # 5.2.1.1
+          when /\A(\d{4})-(\d{2})\z/          ; return nil,     [$1.to_i, $2.to_i]                   # 5.2.1.2
+          when /\A(\d{4})\z/                  ; return nil,     [$1.to_i]                            # 5.2.1.2
+          when extra_reg[0]                   ; return :century,[$1.to_i * 100]                      # 5.2.1.2
+          when /\A(\d{4})(\d{3})\z/           ; return :day,    [$1.to_i, $2.to_i]                   # 5.2.2.1
+          when /\A(\d{4})W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/  ; return :week,   [$1.to_i, $2.to_i, _int($3)]         # 5.2.3.1-2
+          when extra_reg[1]                   ; return nil,     [$1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i]          # 5.2.1.4 a)
+          when extra_reg[2]                   ; return nil,     [$1.to_i, $2.to_i]                   # 5.2.1.4 b)
+          when extra_reg[3]                   ; return nil,     [$1.to_i]                            # 5.2.1.4 c)
+          when extra_reg[4]                   ; return :week,   [$1.to_i, $2.to_i, _int($3)]         # 5.2.3.4 a-b)
+          when extra_reg[5]                   ; return :century,[$1.to_i * 100]                      # 5.2.1.4 d)
+          when extra_reg[6]                   ; return :century,[$1.to_i * 100]       unless by      # 5.2.1.4 d)
+          when extra_reg[7]                   ; return :day,    [$1.to_i, $2.to_i]                   # 5.2.2.3 a)
+          else                                ; raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless by
+          end
+
+          by = by.to_i
+          case date
+          when /\A(\d{2})(\d{2})(\d{2})\z/    ; return nil,     [_century($1,by), $2.to_i, $3.to_i]  # 5.2.1.3 a)
+          when /\A-(\d{2})(\d{2})?\z/         ; return nil,     [_century($1,by), _int($2)]          # 5.2.1.3 b-c)
+          when /\A--(\d{2})(\d{2})?\z/        ; return nil,     [by, $1.to_i,     _int($2)]          # 5.2.1.3 d-e)
+          when /\A(\d{2})(\d{3})\z/           ; return :day,    [_century($1,by), $2.to_i]           # 5.2.2.2 a)
+          when /\A-(\d{3})\z/                 ; return :day,    [by, $1.to_i]                        # 5.2.2.2 b)
+          when /\A(\d{2})W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/  ; return :week,   [_century($1,by), $2.to_i, _int($3)] # 5.2.3.3 a-b)
+          when /\A-(\d{1})W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/ ; return :week,   [_decade($1,by),  $2.to_i, _int($3)] # 5.2.3.3 c-d)
+          when /\A-W(\d{2})(\d{1})?\z/        ; return :week,   [by, $1.to_i,     _int($2)]          # 5.2.3.3 e-f)
+          else                                ; raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless bm
+          end
+
+          bm = bm.to_i
+          case date
+          when /\A---(\d{2})\z/               ; return nil,     [by, bm, $1.to_i]                    # 5.2.1.3 f)
+          when /\A-W-(\d{1})\z/               ; return :week,   [by, bm, $1.to_i]                    # 5.2.3.3 g)
+          when /\A----\z/                     ; return nil,     [by, bm, bd.to_i] if bd              # extension
+          end
+
+          raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date}"
+        end
+
+        # JIS X0301 基本形式の表現を分解して配列化する
+        def _to_array_basic_X0301(date, options={})
+          raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless date =~ /\./
+          date.scan(/\d+\./) do |part|
+            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format" unless part.length == 3
+          end
+          _to_array_basic_ISO8601(date.gsub(/\./, ''), {:abbr=>options[:abbr]||1})
+        end
+
+        # ISO 8601 拡張形式の表現を分解して配列化する
+        def _to_array_extended_ISO8601(date, options={})
+          return nil unless date
+          abbr = Array(options[:abbr]).dup
+          unless date =~ /\A([-+]?\d+#{abbr[0] ? '|-' : ''})([-*=.])?(.*)/
+            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date}"
+          end
+          date = $3
+          dd   = [Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(_completion($1, abbr.shift), $2)]
+          while date =~ /\A(\d+#{abbr[0] ? '|-' : ''})([-+*&%@!>=<?.])(.+)/
+            date = $3
+            dd << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(_completion($1, abbr.shift), $2)
+          end
+          case date
+          when /\AW(\d+#{abbr[0] ? '|-' : ''})([-+*&%@!>=<?.])?(\d+)?([-*=?%@])?\z/
+            dd << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(_completion($1, abbr.shift), $2)
+            dd << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair($3, $4)
+            return :week, dd
+          when Ordinal_Date_Digits[options[:ordinal_date_digits]]
+            dd << $1.to_i
+            return :day, dd
+          when /\A(\d+#{abbr[0] ? '|-' : ''})([-+*&%@!>=<?.])?\z/
+            dd << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(_completion($1, abbr.shift), $2)
+            return nil, dd
+          when ''
+            return nil, dd
+          else
+           raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{date}"
+          end
+        end
+
+        # JIS X0301 拡張形式の表現を分解して配列化する
+        def _to_array_extended_X0301(date, era, options={})
+          if (date =~ /\A([-+\d]+)\(([-+\d]+)\)(.*)\z/)
+            year = $2
+            date = $1 + $3
+          end
+          format, date  = _to_array_extended_ISO8601(date, options)
+          if (year)
+            yy   = year.to_i
+            ee   = date[0] * 1
+            era  = [era, yy-ee, yy+ee]
+          end
+          return format, date, era
+        end
+
+        private
+
+        def _completion(digits, base)
+          case digits
+          when nil             ; return nil
+          when /\A\d{5}/       ; raise ArgumentError, "Wrong date format: #{digits}" if base
+          else                 ; return digits.to_i unless base
+          end
+
+          base = base.to_i
+          case digits
+          when '-'             ; return base
+          when /\A-?(\d{1})\z/ ; return _decade( $1, base)
+          when /\A-?(\d{2})\z/ ; return _century($1, base)
+          else                 ; return digits.to_i
+          end
+        end
+
+        def _century(year, base)
+          quotient, remainder = base.divmod(100)
+          year      = year.to_i
+          quotient += 1 if year < remainder
+          return quotient * 100 + year
+        end
+
+        def _decade(year, base)
+          quotient, remainder = base.divmod(10)
+          year      = year.to_i
+          quotient += 1 if year < remainder
+          return quotient * 10 + year
+        end
+
+        def _int(digits)
+          return digits ? digits.to_i : nil
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # ISO 8601 Time Representation
+    #
+    # see {xml schema}[link:http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-datatypes#time]
+    #
+    class Time < DateTime
+
+      class << self
+        # 基本形式の表現を分解して配列化する
+        def _to_array_basic(time, t, options={})
+          return nil unless t
+          return [0] unless time
+          time.sub!(/,/, '.')
+          unless (time =~ /\A(\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?|-)(\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?|-)?(\d{2}(\.\d+)?)?\z/)
+            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong time format: #{time}"
+          end
+          indices = options[:frame] ? When.Calendar(options[:frame]).indices : Coordinates::DefaultDateIndices
+          abbr = Array(options[:abbr]).dup
+          abbr[0..indices.length] = []
+          return [0, Coordinates::Pair._en_number($1=='-' ? abbr[0] : $1, nil),
+                     Coordinates::Pair._en_number($2=='-' ? abbr[1] : $2, nil),
+                     Coordinates::Pair._en_number($3, nil)]
+        end
+
+        # 拡張形式の表現を分解して配列化する
+        def _to_array_extended(time, t, options={})
+          return nil unless t
+          return [0] unless time
+          indices = options[:frame] ? When.Calendar(options[:frame]).indices : Coordinates::DefaultDateIndices
+          abbr = Array(options[:abbr]).dup
+          abbr[0..indices.length] = []
+          time.sub!(/,/, '.')
+          if time =~ /\A([:*=])(.+)/
+            time = $2
+            tt = [Coordinates::Pair._en_pair(0, $1)]
+          else
+            tt = [0]
+          end
+          while time =~ /\A(\d{2}(?:\.\d+)?|-)([:*=])(.+)/
+            time = $3
+            tt << Coordinates::Pair._en_pair($1=='-' ? abbr.shift : $1, $2)
+          end
+          case time
+          when /\A(\d{2}(\.\d+)?)\z/
+            tt << Coordinates::Pair._en_number($1, nil)
+          when ''
+          else
+            raise ArgumentError, "Wrong time format: #{time}"
+          end
+          return tt
+        end
+
+        # 時間帯の表現を正規化する
+        def _to_string_clock(clock)
+          return nil unless clock
+          return clock if (clock =~ /\A[A-Z]+(\?.+)?\z/)
+          raise ArgumentError, "Wrong clock format: #{clock}" unless clock =~ /\A([-+])(\d{2})(?::?(\d{2}))?(?::?(\d{2}))?\z/
+          sgn, h, m, s = $~[1..4]
+          zone  = sgn + h + ':' + (m||'00')
+          zone += s if s
+          return zone
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    # コード
+    # 
+    # 当該コードを定義している辞書, シソーラスまたは機関への参照を
+    # オプショナルな codeSpace 属性に保持することができる文字列
+    #
+    # see {http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/basicTypes.xsd#CodeType gml schema}
+    #
+    class Code < String
+
+      # an optional codeSpace
+      #
+      # @return [String] anyURI (Optional)
+      attr_accessor :code_space
+      alias :codeSpace :code_space
+      private :code_space=
+
+      # オブジェクトの生成
+      #
+      # @param [String] code Text token
+      # @param [String] namespace code を定義している authority の URI
+      #
+      def initialize(code, namespace=nil)
+        @code_space = namespace
+        self[0..-1] = code
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # == 多言語対応文字列
+    #
+    #   本ライブラリで用いる諸々の用語を多言語対応で曖昧性なく管理するため
+    #   Code の subclass として定義する
+    #
+    # == 内部変数
+    # ===  self[ 0..-1 ] : String
+    #  インスタンスを代表する文字列
+    #  通常の String として振舞う場合は、この文字列として振舞う
+    #
+    # ===  @locale     : Hash
+    #  インスタンスがさす言葉の諸言語での表現を文字列として保持する
+    #  locale指定('lang_country.encoding') => その locale での文字列
+    #    locale指定の要素に省略がある場合、残った共通の要素によって文字列を特定する
+    #    Ex. @locale = {'en'=>'March', 'ja'=>'三月'} ならば、locale が
+    #        'en_US', 'en_GB' のいずれでもlocale での文字列は 'March'
+    #
+    # ===  @namespace  : Hash
+    #  インスタンスがさす言葉の意味を特定するための authority の URI を保持する
+    #  locale指定('lang_country.encoding') => その locale での authority の URI
+    #    locale指定の要素に省略がある場合、残った共通の要素によってURIを特定する
+    #    Ex. @locale = {'en'=>'en:March', 'ja'=>'ja:3%E6%9C%88'} ならば、locale が
+    #        'en_US', 'en_GB' のいずれでもlocale での authority の URIは 'en:March'
+    #  当該用語が標準管理機関で管理されていない場合、wikipedia の当該項目の URI を用いる
+    #
+    # ===  @code_space : String
+    #  代表的な authority の URI
+    #   @namespace[''] である
+    #
+    # see {When::Locale}, {When::Parts::Resource}
+    #
+    class M17n < Code
+      include When::Locale
+      include Parts::Resource
+
+      # @private
+      HashProperty = [:label, :names, :link, :access_key, :code_space]
+
+      # @private
+      LabelTypes = {
+        'Residue' => ['Coordinates',      '%s',     '_co:%s%s'     ],
+        'Week'    => ['CalendarNote',     '%sWeek', '_n:%sWeek%s'  ],
+        'Notes'   => ['CalendarNote',     '%s',     '_n:%s/Notes%s'],
+        nil       => ['BasicTypes::M17n', '%s',     '_m:%s%s'      ]
+      }
+
+      class << self
+
+        #
+        # resource の取得
+        #
+        # @param [When::Parts::Resource, String] source
+        #
+        # @return [When::Parts::Resource]
+        #
+        # @private
+        def _label(source)
+          case source
+          when Parts::Resource, nil       ; return source
+          when Parts::Resource::IRIHeader ; return Parts::Resource._instance(source)
+          end
+          iri = Parts::Resource._abbreviation_to_iri(source, LabelTypes)
+          iri ? Parts::Resource._instance(iri) : nil
+        end
+
+        #
+        # label の取得
+        #
+        # @param [When::Parts::Resource, String] source
+        #
+        # @return [When::BasicTypes::M17n, String]
+        #
+        def label(source)
+          resource = _label(source)
+          case resource
+          when nil             ; return source
+          when M17n            ; return resource
+          when Parts::Resource ; return resource.label
+          else                 ; return resource
+          end
+        end
+
+        #
+        # label の Array の取得
+        #
+        # @param [When::Parts::Resource, Array] source
+        #
+        # @return [Array]
+        #
+        def labels(source)
+          array =
+            if source.kind_of?(Array)
+              source
+            else
+              resource = _label(source)
+              return nil unless resource
+              resource.child
+            end
+          case array[0]
+          when M17n            ; return array
+          when Parts::Resource ; return array.map {|v| v.label}
+          else                 ; return array
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      #
+      # 代表名
+      #
+      # @return [String]
+      #
+      attr_reader :label
+
+      #
+      # 名前が意味するもの自体のオブジェクト
+      #
+      # @return [When::BasicTypes::Object]
+      #
+      alias :what :parent
+
+      #
+      # When::BasicTypes::M17n に変換する - 何もしないで自身を返す
+      #
+      # @return [When::BasicTypes::M17n]
+      #
+      def to_m17n
+        self
+      end
+
+      # 
+      # 内部エンコーディング文字列化
+      #
+      def to_internal_encoding
+        _copy({:label      => When::EncodingConversion.to_internal_encoding(to_s),
+               :names      => Hash[*(names.keys.map {|name| [name, When::EncodingConversion.to_internal_encoding(names[name])]}).flatten],
+               :link       => link,
+               :access_key => access_key,
+               :code_space => code_space
+              })
+      end
+
+      # 
+      # 外部エンコーディング文字列化
+      #
+      def to_external_encoding
+        _copy({:label      => When::EncodingConversion.to_external_encoding(to_s),
+               :names      => Hash[*(names.keys.map {|name| [name, When::EncodingConversion.to_external_encoding(names[name])]}).flatten],
+               :link       => link,
+               :access_key => access_key,
+               :code_space => code_space
+              })
+      end
+
+      # オブジェクトの生成
+      #
+      # @overload initialize(names, namespace={}, locale=[])
+      #   @param [Array<String>] names
+      #
+      #     [String] '*locale:label=prefix:link'
+      #       *       - 存在すれば、label をインスタンスを代表する文字列とする
+      #       locale  - label に対応する locale指定(なければ、locale 引数の指定を用いる)
+      #       label   - locale 指定に対応する label
+      #       prefix:link - その locale での authority の URI
+      #       prefix: - namespace 引数の指定により URI に展開する
+      #       link    - なければ labelをURI encodeして用いる
+      #
+      #   @param [Hash] namespace { prefix=>uri }
+      #
+      #     lables, locale 引数の prefix の展開に用いる
+      #
+      #   @param [Array<String>] locale
+      #
+      #     [String] '*locale=prefix:link'
+      #       *       - 存在すれば、label をインスタンスを代表する文字列とする
+      #       locale  - locale指定
+      #       prefix:link - authority の URI
+      #       prefix: - namespace 引数の指定により URI に展開する
+      #
+      # @example
+      #   M17n.new(['3月', 'fr:Mars=http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(mois)', 'March'],
+      #            {'en_wikipedia'=>'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/',
+      #             'ja_wikipedia'=>'http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/'},
+      #            ['=ja_wikipedia:', '*en=en_wikipedia:']) を行うと、生成された M17n では、
+      #   @names     = {''  =>'3月', 'fr'=>'Mars', 'en'=>'March'}
+      #   @namespace = {''  =>'http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/3%E6%9C%88',
+      #                 'fr'=>'http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_(mois)',
+      #                 'en'=>'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March'}
+      #   となり、通常の String として振舞う場合は 'March' として振舞う
+      #
+      def initialize(*args)
+        rest, options = _attributes(args)
+        _sequence
+
+        return _pool[@label.to_s] ?
+          _copy_all(_pool[@label.to_s]) :  # 階層になった Resource の代表ラベルのための生成
+          _copy(options) if @label         # M17n#to_h の出力と書式互換の入力による生成
+
+        case rest[0]
+        when When::Parts::Resource::ContentLine
+          content, namespace = rest
+          namespace ||= {}
+          names       = []
+          locale      = []
+          begin
+            loc   = content.attribute['language'].object
+            locale << [nil, loc, namespace[loc]]
+            name  = content.object
+            ref   = content.attribute['reference'] || content.attribute['url']
+            name += '=' + (/\ANUL\z/i =~ ref.object ? '' : ref.object) if ref
+            names << name
+          end while (content = content.same_altid)
+          @names     ||= names.reverse
+          @namespace ||= namespace if namespace.kind_of?(Hash)
+          @locale    ||= locale.reverse
+        when nil ;
+        else
+          names, namespace, locale = rest
+          @names       = names if names
+          @namespace ||= When::Locale._namespace(namespace) if namespace
+          @locale    ||= When::Locale._locale(locale)       if locale
+        end
+        @namespace ||= {}
+        @locale    ||= []
+
+        @code_space = @namespace['']
+        self[0..-1] = @label = _names(@names, @namespace, @locale)
+      end
+    end
+
+    #
+    # Abstract class for instance having permanent life with IRI
+    #
+    # see {When::Parts::Resource}
+    # see {http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/basicTypes.xsd#ObjectType gml schema}
+    #
+    class Object
+
+      include Parts::Resource
+
+      # 名前
+      #
+      # @return [String, When::BasicTypes::M17n]
+      #
+      attr_reader :label
+
+      private
+
+      # オブジェクトの初期化
+      def initialize(*args)
+        @_lock_ = Mutex.new if When.multi_thread
+        _normalize(*_attributes(args))
+        _sequence
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  #
+  # RS::Identifier を提供する
+  #
+  module RS
+
+    # 参照系の識別子
+    #
+    # see {http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/referenceSystems.xsd#IdentifierType gml schema}
+    #
+    class Identifier
+
+      # The code or name for this Identifier
+      #
+      # @return [When::BasicTypes::Code]
+      #
+      attr_reader :name
+
+      # Identifier of the version of the associated codeSpace or code
+      #
+      # @return [Array<String>]
+      #
+      attr_reader :version
+
+      # Remarks about this code or alias
+      #
+      # @return [Array<String>] String は URI/IRI文字列の場合あり
+      #
+      attr_reader :remarks
+
+      # オブジェクトの生成
+      #
+      # @param [When::BasicTypes::Code] name
+      # @param [Array<String>] version
+      # @param [Array<String>] remarks String は URI/IRI文字列の場合あり
+      #
+      def initialize(name, version=nil, remarks=nil)
+        @name    = name
+        @version = version
+        @remarks = remarks
+      end
+
+      # その他のメソッド
+      #
+      # @note When::RS::Identifier で定義されていないメソッドは
+      #   処理を @name (type: When::BasicTypes::Code) に委譲する
+      #
+      def method_missing(name, *args, &block)
+        self.class.module_eval %Q{
+          def #{name}(*args, &block)
+            @name.send("#{name}", *args, &block)
+          end
+        } unless When::Parts::MethodCash.escape(name)
+        @name.send(name, *args, &block)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  #
+  # EX::Extent を提供する
+  #
+  module EX
+
+    # 参照系の時間的および空間的な使用範囲を記述する
+    #
+    # 本ライブラリでは、時間的使用範囲を記述ためにのみ使用している
+    #
+    # see {http://schemas.opengis.net/gml/3.1.1/base/referenceSystems.xsd#ExtentType gml schema}
+    #
+    class Extent
+
+      # time periods
+      #
+      # 時間的使用範囲の上限と下限を示す
+      #
+      # @return [When::TM::Period]
+      #
+      attr_reader :temporal_extent
+      alias :temporalExtent :temporal_extent
+
+      # オブジェクトの生成
+      #
+      # @param [When::TM::Period] extent
+      #
+      def initialize(extent)
+        @temporal_extent = extent
+      end
+
+      # その他のメソッド
+      #
+      # @note When::EX::Extent で定義されていないメソッドは
+      #   処理を @temporal_extent (type: When::TM::Period) に委譲する
+      #
+      def method_missing(name, *args, &block)
+        self.class.module_eval %Q{
+          def #{name}(*args, &block)
+            list = args.map {|arg| arg.kind_of?(self.class) ? arg.temporal_extent : arg}
+            @temporal_extent.send("#{name}", *list, &block)
+          end
+        } unless When::Parts::MethodCash.escape(name)
+        list = args.map {|arg| arg.kind_of?(self.class) ? arg.temporal_extent : arg}
+        @temporal_extent.send(name, *list, &block)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end