spree 0.2.0 → 0.4.0

data/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/timestamp.rb

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-module ActiveRecord
-  # Active Record automatically timestamps create and update operations if the table has fields
-  # named created_at/created_on or updated_at/updated_on.
-  #
-  # Timestamping can be turned off by setting
-  #   <tt>ActiveRecord::Base.record_timestamps = false</tt>
-  #
-  # Timestamps are in the local timezone by default but can use UTC by setting
-  #   <tt>ActiveRecord::Base.default_timezone = :utc</tt>
-  module Timestamp
-    def self.included(base) #:nodoc:
-      base.alias_method_chain :create, :timestamps
-      base.alias_method_chain :update, :timestamps
-
-      base.class_inheritable_accessor :record_timestamps, :instance_writer => false
-      base.record_timestamps = true
-    end
-
-    private
-      def create_with_timestamps #:nodoc:
-        if record_timestamps
-          t = self.class.default_timezone == :utc ? Time.now.utc : Time.now
-          write_attribute('created_at', t) if respond_to?(:created_at) && created_at.nil?
-          write_attribute('created_on', t) if respond_to?(:created_on) && created_on.nil?
-
-          write_attribute('updated_at', t) if respond_to?(:updated_at)
-          write_attribute('updated_on', t) if respond_to?(:updated_on)
-        end
-        create_without_timestamps
-      end
-
-      def update_with_timestamps #:nodoc:
-        if record_timestamps
-          t = self.class.default_timezone == :utc ? Time.now.utc : Time.now
-          write_attribute('updated_at', t) if respond_to?(:updated_at)
-          write_attribute('updated_on', t) if respond_to?(:updated_on)
-        end
-        update_without_timestamps
-      end
-  end
-end

data/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/transactions.rb

@@ -1,132 +0,0 @@
-require 'thread'
-
-module ActiveRecord
-  module Transactions # :nodoc:
-    class TransactionError < ActiveRecordError # :nodoc:
-    end
-
-    def self.included(base)
-      base.extend(ClassMethods)
-
-      base.class_eval do
-        [:destroy, :save, :save!].each do |method|
-          alias_method_chain method, :transactions
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Transactions are protective blocks where SQL statements are only permanent if they can all succeed as one atomic action. 
-    # The classic example is a transfer between two accounts where you can only have a deposit if the withdrawal succeeded and
-    # vice versa. Transactions enforce the integrity of the database and guard the data against program errors or database break-downs.
-    # So basically you should use transaction blocks whenever you have a number of statements that must be executed together or
-    # not at all. Example:
-    #
-    #   transaction do
-    #     david.withdrawal(100)
-    #     mary.deposit(100)
-    #   end
-    #
-    # This example will only take money from David and give to Mary if neither +withdrawal+ nor +deposit+ raises an exception.
-    # Exceptions will force a ROLLBACK that returns the database to the state before the transaction was begun. Be aware, though,
-    # that the objects by default will _not_ have their instance data returned to their pre-transactional state.
-    #
-    # == Different ActiveRecord classes in a single transaction
-    #
-    # Though the transaction class method is called on some ActiveRecord class,
-    # the objects within the transaction block need not all be instances of
-    # that class.
-    # In this example a <tt>Balance</tt> record is transactionally saved even
-    # though <tt>transaction</tt> is called on the <tt>Account</tt> class:
-    #
-    #   Account.transaction do
-    #     balance.save!
-    #     account.save!
-    #   end
-    #
-    # == Transactions are not distributed across database connections
-    #
-    # A transaction acts on a single database connection.  If you have
-    # multiple class-specific databases, the transaction will not protect
-    # interaction among them.  One workaround is to begin a transaction
-    # on each class whose models you alter:
-    #
-    #   Student.transaction do
-    #     Course.transaction do
-    #       course.enroll(student)
-    #       student.units += course.units
-    #     end
-    #   end
-    #
-    # This is a poor solution, but full distributed transactions are beyond
-    # the scope of Active Record.
-    #
-    # == Save and destroy are automatically wrapped in a transaction
-    #
-    # Both Base#save and Base#destroy come wrapped in a transaction that ensures that whatever you do in validations or callbacks
-    # will happen under the protected cover of a transaction. So you can use validations to check for values that the transaction
-    # depends on or you can raise exceptions in the callbacks to rollback.
-    #
-    # == Exception handling
-    #
-    # Also have in mind that exceptions thrown within a transaction block will be propagated (after triggering the ROLLBACK), so you
-    # should be ready to catch those in your application code. One exception is the ActiveRecord::Rollback exception, which will
-    # trigger a ROLLBACK when raised, but not be re-raised by the transaction block.
-    module ClassMethods
-      def transaction(&block)
-        previous_handler = trap('TERM') { raise TransactionError, "Transaction aborted" }
-        increment_open_transactions
-
-        begin
-          connection.transaction(Thread.current['start_db_transaction'], &block)
-        ensure
-          decrement_open_transactions
-          trap('TERM', previous_handler)
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-        def increment_open_transactions #:nodoc:
-          open = Thread.current['open_transactions'] ||= 0
-          Thread.current['start_db_transaction'] = open.zero?
-          Thread.current['open_transactions'] = open + 1
-        end
-
-        def decrement_open_transactions #:nodoc:
-          Thread.current['open_transactions'] -= 1
-        end
-    end
-
-    def transaction(&block)
-      self.class.transaction(&block)
-    end
-
-    def destroy_with_transactions #:nodoc:
-      transaction { destroy_without_transactions }
-    end
-
-    def save_with_transactions(perform_validation = true) #:nodoc:
-      rollback_active_record_state! { transaction { save_without_transactions(perform_validation) } }
-    end
-
-    def save_with_transactions! #:nodoc:
-      rollback_active_record_state! { transaction { save_without_transactions! } }
-    end
-
-    # Reset id and @new_record if the transaction rolls back.
-    def rollback_active_record_state!
-      id_present = has_attribute?(self.class.primary_key)
-      previous_id = id
-      previous_new_record = @new_record
-      yield
-    rescue Exception
-      @new_record = previous_new_record
-      if id_present
-        self.id = previous_id
-      else
-        @attributes.delete(self.class.primary_key)
-        @attributes_cache.delete(self.class.primary_key)
-      end  
-      raise
-    end
-  end
-end

data/vendor/rails/activerecord/lib/active_record/validations.rb

@@ -1,1025 +0,0 @@
-module ActiveRecord
-  # Raised by save! and create! when the record is invalid.  Use the
-  # record method to retrieve the record which did not validate.
-  #   begin
-  #     complex_operation_that_calls_save!_internally
-  #   rescue ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid => invalid
-  #     puts invalid.record.errors
-  #   end
-  class RecordInvalid < ActiveRecordError #:nodoc:
-    attr_reader :record
-    def initialize(record)
-      @record = record
-      super("Validation failed: #{@record.errors.full_messages.join(", ")}")
-    end
-  end
-
-  # Active Record validation is reported to and from this object, which is used by Base#save to
-  # determine whether the object is in a valid state to be saved. See usage example in Validations.
-  class Errors
-    include Enumerable
-
-    def initialize(base) # :nodoc:
-      @base, @errors = base, {}
-    end
-
-    @@default_error_messages = {
-      :inclusion => "is not included in the list",
-      :exclusion => "is reserved",
-      :invalid => "is invalid",
-      :confirmation => "doesn't match confirmation",
-      :accepted  => "must be accepted",
-      :empty => "can't be empty",
-      :blank => "can't be blank",
-      :too_long => "is too long (maximum is %d characters)",
-      :too_short => "is too short (minimum is %d characters)",
-      :wrong_length => "is the wrong length (should be %d characters)",
-      :taken => "has already been taken",
-      :not_a_number => "is not a number",
-      :greater_than => "must be greater than %d",
-      :greater_than_or_equal_to => "must be greater than or equal to %d",
-      :equal_to => "must be equal to %d",
-      :less_than => "must be less than %d",
-      :less_than_or_equal_to => "must be less than or equal to %d",
-      :odd => "must be odd",
-      :even => "must be even"
-    }
-
-    # Holds a hash with all the default error messages that can be replaced by your own copy or localizations.
-    cattr_accessor :default_error_messages
-
-
-    # Adds an error to the base object instead of any particular attribute. This is used
-    # to report errors that don't tie to any specific attribute, but rather to the object
-    # as a whole. These error messages don't get prepended with any field name when iterating
-    # with each_full, so they should be complete sentences.
-    def add_to_base(msg)
-      add(:base, msg)
-    end
-
-    # Adds an error message (+msg+) to the +attribute+, which will be returned on a call to <tt>on(attribute)</tt>
-    # for the same attribute and ensure that this error object returns false when asked if <tt>empty?</tt>. More than one
-    # error can be added to the same +attribute+ in which case an array will be returned on a call to <tt>on(attribute)</tt>.
-    # If no +msg+ is supplied, "invalid" is assumed.
-    def add(attribute, msg = @@default_error_messages[:invalid])
-      @errors[attribute.to_s] = [] if @errors[attribute.to_s].nil?
-      @errors[attribute.to_s] << msg
-    end
-
-    # Will add an error message to each of the attributes in +attributes+ that is empty.
-    def add_on_empty(attributes, msg = @@default_error_messages[:empty])
-      for attr in [attributes].flatten
-        value = @base.respond_to?(attr.to_s) ? @base.send(attr.to_s) : @base[attr.to_s]
-        is_empty = value.respond_to?("empty?") ? value.empty? : false
-        add(attr, msg) unless !value.nil? && !is_empty
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Will add an error message to each of the attributes in +attributes+ that is blank (using Object#blank?).
-    def add_on_blank(attributes, msg = @@default_error_messages[:blank])
-      for attr in [attributes].flatten
-        value = @base.respond_to?(attr.to_s) ? @base.send(attr.to_s) : @base[attr.to_s]
-        add(attr, msg) if value.blank?
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Returns true if the specified +attribute+ has errors associated with it.
-    #
-    #   class Company < ActiveRecord::Base
-    #     validates_presence_of :name, :address, :email
-    #     validates_length_of :name, :in => 5..30
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   company = Company.create(:address => '123 First St.')
-    #   company.errors.invalid?(:name)      # => true
-    #   company.errors.invalid?(:address)   # => false
-    def invalid?(attribute)
-      !@errors[attribute.to_s].nil?
-    end
-
-    # Returns nil, if no errors are associated with the specified +attribute+.
-    # Returns the error message, if one error is associated with the specified +attribute+.
-    # Returns an array of error messages, if more than one error is associated with the specified +attribute+.
-    #
-    #   class Company < ActiveRecord::Base
-    #     validates_presence_of :name, :address, :email
-    #     validates_length_of :name, :in => 5..30
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   company = Company.create(:address => '123 First St.')
-    #   company.errors.on(:name)      # => ["is too short (minimum is 5 characters)", "can't be blank"]
-    #   company.errors.on(:email)     # => "can't be blank"
-    #   company.errors.on(:address)   # => nil
-    def on(attribute)
-      errors = @errors[attribute.to_s]
-      return nil if errors.nil?
-      errors.size == 1 ? errors.first : errors
-    end
-
-    alias :[] :on
-
-    # Returns errors assigned to the base object through add_to_base according to the normal rules of on(attribute).
-    def on_base
-      on(:base)
-    end
-
-    # Yields each attribute and associated message per error added.
-    #
-    #   class Company < ActiveRecord::Base
-    #     validates_presence_of :name, :address, :email
-    #     validates_length_of :name, :in => 5..30
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   company = Company.create(:address => '123 First St.')
-    #   company.errors.each{|attr,msg| puts "#{attr} - #{msg}" } # =>
-    #     name - is too short (minimum is 5 characters)
-    #     name - can't be blank
-    #     address - can't be blank
-    def each
-      @errors.each_key { |attr| @errors[attr].each { |msg| yield attr, msg } }
-    end
-
-    # Yields each full error message added. So Person.errors.add("first_name", "can't be empty") will be returned
-    # through iteration as "First name can't be empty".
-    #
-    #   class Company < ActiveRecord::Base
-    #     validates_presence_of :name, :address, :email
-    #     validates_length_of :name, :in => 5..30
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   company = Company.create(:address => '123 First St.')
-    #   company.errors.each_full{|msg| puts msg } # =>
-    #     Name is too short (minimum is 5 characters)
-    #     Name can't be blank
-    #     Address can't be blank
-    def each_full
-      full_messages.each { |msg| yield msg }
-    end
-
-    # Returns all the full error messages in an array.
-    #
-    #   class Company < ActiveRecord::Base
-    #     validates_presence_of :name, :address, :email
-    #     validates_length_of :name, :in => 5..30
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   company = Company.create(:address => '123 First St.')
-    #   company.errors.full_messages # =>
-    #     ["Name is too short (minimum is 5 characters)", "Name can't be blank", "Address can't be blank"]
-    def full_messages
-      full_messages = []
-
-      @errors.each_key do |attr|
-        @errors[attr].each do |msg|
-          next if msg.nil?
-
-          if attr == "base"
-            full_messages << msg
-          else
-            full_messages << @base.class.human_attribute_name(attr) + " " + msg
-          end
-        end
-      end
-      full_messages
-    end
-
-    # Returns true if no errors have been added.
-    def empty?
-      @errors.empty?
-    end
-
-    # Removes all errors that have been added.
-    def clear
-      @errors = {}
-    end
-
-    # Returns the total number of errors added. Two errors added to the same attribute will be counted as such.
-    def size
-      @errors.values.inject(0) { |error_count, attribute| error_count + attribute.size }
-    end
-
-    alias_method :count, :size
-    alias_method :length, :size
-
-    # Return an XML representation of this error object.
-    #
-    #   class Company < ActiveRecord::Base
-    #     validates_presence_of :name, :address, :email
-    #     validates_length_of :name, :in => 5..30
-    #   end
-    #
-    #   company = Company.create(:address => '123 First St.')
-    #   company.errors.to_xml # =>
-    #     <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-    #     <errors>
-    #       <error>Name is too short (minimum is 5 characters)</error>
-    #       <error>Name can't be blank</error>
-    #       <error>Address can't be blank</error>
-    #     </errors>
-    def to_xml(options={})
-      options[:root] ||= "errors"
-      options[:indent] ||= 2
-      options[:builder] ||= Builder::XmlMarkup.new(:indent => options[:indent])
-
-      options[:builder].instruct! unless options.delete(:skip_instruct)
-      options[:builder].errors do |e|
-        full_messages.each { |msg| e.error(msg) }
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-
-  # Active Records implement validation by overwriting Base#validate (or the variations, +validate_on_create+ and
-  # +validate_on_update+). Each of these methods can inspect the state of the object, which usually means ensuring
-  # that a number of attributes have a certain value (such as not empty, within a given range, matching a certain regular expression).
-  #
-  # Example:
-  #
-  #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-  #     protected
-  #       def validate
-  #         errors.add_on_empty %w( first_name last_name )
-  #         errors.add("phone_number", "has invalid format") unless phone_number =~ /[0-9]*/
-  #       end
-  #
-  #       def validate_on_create # is only run the first time a new object is saved
-  #         unless valid_discount?(membership_discount)
-  #           errors.add("membership_discount", "has expired")
-  #         end
-  #       end
-  #
-  #       def validate_on_update
-  #         errors.add_to_base("No changes have occurred") if unchanged_attributes?
-  #       end
-  #   end
-  #
-  #   person = Person.new("first_name" => "David", "phone_number" => "what?")
-  #   person.save                         # => false (and doesn't do the save)
-  #   person.errors.empty?                # => false
-  #   person.errors.count                 # => 2
-  #   person.errors.on "last_name"        # => "can't be empty"
-  #   person.errors.on "phone_number"     # => "has invalid format"
-  #   person.errors.each_full { |msg| puts msg }
-  #                                       # => "Last name can't be empty\n" +
-  #                                            "Phone number has invalid format"
-  #
-  #   person.attributes = { "last_name" => "Heinemeier", "phone_number" => "555-555" }
-  #   person.save # => true (and person is now saved in the database)
-  #
-  # An +Errors+ object is automatically created for every Active Record.
-  #
-  # Please do have a look at ActiveRecord::Validations::ClassMethods for a higher level of validations.
-  module Validations
-    VALIDATIONS = %w( validate validate_on_create validate_on_update )
-
-    def self.included(base) # :nodoc:
-      base.extend ClassMethods
-      base.class_eval do
-        alias_method_chain :save, :validation
-        alias_method_chain :save!, :validation
-        alias_method_chain :update_attribute, :validation_skipping
-      end
-    end
-
-    # All of the following validations are defined in the class scope of the model that you're interested in validating.
-    # They offer a more declarative way of specifying when the model is valid and when it is not. It is recommended to use
-    # these over the low-level calls to validate and validate_on_create when possible.
-    module ClassMethods
-      DEFAULT_VALIDATION_OPTIONS = {
-        :on => :save,
-        :allow_nil => false,
-        :allow_blank => false,
-        :message => nil
-      }.freeze
-
-      ALL_RANGE_OPTIONS = [ :is, :within, :in, :minimum, :maximum ].freeze
-      ALL_NUMERICALITY_CHECKS = { :greater_than => '>', :greater_than_or_equal_to => '>=',
-                                  :equal_to => '==', :less_than => '<', :less_than_or_equal_to => '<=',
-                                  :odd => 'odd?', :even => 'even?' }.freeze
-
-      # Adds a validation method or block to the class. This is useful when
-      # overriding the #validate instance method becomes too unwieldly and
-      # you're looking for more descriptive declaration of your validations.
-      #
-      # This can be done with a symbol pointing to a method:
-      #
-      #   class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validate :must_be_friends
-      #
-      #     def must_be_friends
-      #       errors.add_to_base("Must be friends to leave a comment") unless commenter.friend_of?(commentee)
-      #     end
-      #   end
-      #
-      # Or with a block which is passed the current record to be validated:
-      #
-      #   class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validate do |comment|
-      #       comment.must_be_friends
-      #     end
-      #
-      #     def must_be_friends
-      #       errors.add_to_base("Must be friends to leave a comment") unless commenter.friend_of?(commentee)
-      #     end
-      #   end
-      #
-      # This usage applies to #validate_on_create and #validate_on_update as well.
-      def validate(*methods, &block)
-        methods << block if block_given?
-        write_inheritable_set(:validate, methods)
-      end
-
-      def validate_on_create(*methods, &block)
-        methods << block if block_given?
-        write_inheritable_set(:validate_on_create, methods)
-      end
-
-      def validate_on_update(*methods, &block)
-        methods << block if block_given?
-        write_inheritable_set(:validate_on_update, methods)
-      end
-
-      def condition_block?(condition)
-        condition.respond_to?("call") && (condition.arity == 1 || condition.arity == -1)
-      end
-
-      # Determine from the given condition (whether a block, procedure, method or string)
-      # whether or not to validate the record.  See #validates_each.
-      def evaluate_condition(condition, record)
-        case condition
-          when Symbol; record.send(condition)
-          when String; eval(condition, record.send(:binding))
-          else
-            if condition_block?(condition)
-              condition.call(record)
-            else
-              raise(
-                ActiveRecordError,
-                "Validations need to be either a symbol, string (to be eval'ed), proc/method, or " +
-                "class implementing a static validation method"
-              )
-            end
-          end
-      end
-
-      # Validates each attribute against a block.
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_each :first_name, :last_name do |record, attr, value|
-      #       record.errors.add attr, 'starts with z.' if value[0] == ?z
-      #     end
-      #   end
-      #
-      # Options:
-      # * <tt>on</tt> - Specifies when this validation is active (default is :save, other options :create, :update)
-      # * <tt>allow_nil</tt> - Skip validation if attribute is nil.
-      # * <tt>allow_blank</tt> - Skip validation if attribute is blank.
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.      
-      def validates_each(*attrs)
-        options = attrs.extract_options!.symbolize_keys
-        attrs   = attrs.flatten
-
-        # Declare the validation.
-        send(validation_method(options[:on] || :save)) do |record|
-          # Don't validate when there is an :if condition and that condition is false or there is an :unless condition and that condition is true
-          unless (options[:if] && !evaluate_condition(options[:if], record)) || (options[:unless] && evaluate_condition(options[:unless], record))
-            attrs.each do |attr|
-              value = record.send(attr)
-              next if (value.nil? && options[:allow_nil]) || (value.blank? && options[:allow_blank])
-              yield record, attr, value
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Encapsulates the pattern of wanting to validate a password or email address field with a confirmation. Example:
-      #
-      #   Model:
-      #     class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #       validates_confirmation_of :user_name, :password
-      #       validates_confirmation_of :email_address, :message => "should match confirmation"
-      #     end
-      #
-      #   View:
-      #     <%= password_field "person", "password" %>
-      #     <%= password_field "person", "password_confirmation" %>
-      #
-      # The added +password_confirmation+ attribute is virtual; it exists only as an in-memory attribute for validating the password.
-      # To achieve this, the validation adds acccessors to the model for the confirmation attribute. NOTE: This check is performed
-      # only if +password_confirmation+ is not nil, and by default only on save. To require confirmation, make sure to add a presence
-      # check for the confirmation attribute:
-      #
-      #   validates_presence_of :password_confirmation, :if => :password_changed?
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - A custom error message (default is: "doesn't match confirmation")
-      # * <tt>on</tt> - Specifies when this validation is active (default is :save, other options :create, :update)
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.      
-      def validates_confirmation_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :message => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:confirmation], :on => :save }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-        attr_accessor(*(attr_names.map { |n| "#{n}_confirmation" }))
-
-        validates_each(attr_names, configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
-          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message]) unless record.send("#{attr_name}_confirmation").nil? or value == record.send("#{attr_name}_confirmation")
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Encapsulates the pattern of wanting to validate the acceptance of a terms of service check box (or similar agreement). Example:
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_acceptance_of :terms_of_service
-      #     validates_acceptance_of :eula, :message => "must be abided"
-      #   end
-      #
-      # If the database column does not exist, the terms_of_service attribute is entirely virtual. This check is
-      # performed only if terms_of_service is not nil and by default on save.
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - A custom error message (default is: "must be accepted")
-      # * <tt>on</tt> - Specifies when this validation is active (default is :save, other options :create, :update)
-      # * <tt>allow_nil</tt> - Skip validation if attribute is nil. (default is true)
-      # * <tt>accept</tt> - Specifies value that is considered accepted.  The default value is a string "1", which
-      #   makes it easy to relate to an HTML checkbox. This should be set to 'true' if you are validating a database
-      #   column, since the attribute is typecast from "1" to <tt>true</tt> before validation.
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.      
-      def validates_acceptance_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :message => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:accepted], :on => :save, :allow_nil => true, :accept => "1" }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-        db_cols = begin
-          column_names
-        rescue ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid
-          []
-        end
-        names = attr_names.reject { |name| db_cols.include?(name.to_s) }
-        attr_accessor(*names)
-
-        validates_each(attr_names,configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
-          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message]) unless value == configuration[:accept]
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Validates that the specified attributes are not blank (as defined by Object#blank?). Happens by default on save. Example:
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_presence_of :first_name
-      #   end
-      #
-      # The first_name attribute must be in the object and it cannot be blank.
-      #
-      # If you want to validate the presence of a boolean field (where the real values are true and false),
-      # you will want to use validates_inclusion_of :field_name, :in => [true, false]
-      # This is due to the way Object#blank? handles boolean values. false.blank? # => true
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - A custom error message (default is: "can't be blank")
-      # * <tt>on</tt> - Specifies when this validation is active (default is :save, other options :create, :update)
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      #
-      # === Warning
-      # Validate the presence of the foreign key, not the instance variable itself.
-      # Do this:
-      #  validates_presence_of :invoice_id
-      #
-      # Not this:
-      #  validates_presence_of :invoice
-      #
-      # If you validate the presence of the associated object, you will get
-      # failures on saves when both the parent object and the child object are
-      # new.
-      def validates_presence_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :message => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:blank], :on => :save }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-        # can't use validates_each here, because it cannot cope with nonexistent attributes,
-        # while errors.add_on_empty can
-	send(validation_method(configuration[:on])) do |record|
-	  unless (configuration[:if] && !evaluate_condition(configuration[:if], record)) || (configuration[:unless] && evaluate_condition(configuration[:unless], record))
-	    record.errors.add_on_blank(attr_names, configuration[:message])
-	  end
-	end
-      end
-
-      # Validates that the specified attribute matches the length restrictions supplied. Only one option can be used at a time:
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_length_of :first_name, :maximum=>30
-      #     validates_length_of :last_name, :maximum=>30, :message=>"less than %d if you don't mind"
-      #     validates_length_of :fax, :in => 7..32, :allow_nil => true
-      #     validates_length_of :phone, :in => 7..32, :allow_blank => true
-      #     validates_length_of :user_name, :within => 6..20, :too_long => "pick a shorter name", :too_short => "pick a longer name"
-      #     validates_length_of :fav_bra_size, :minimum=>1, :too_short=>"please enter at least %d character"
-      #     validates_length_of :smurf_leader, :is=>4, :message=>"papa is spelled with %d characters... don't play me."
-      #   end
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>minimum</tt> - The minimum size of the attribute
-      # * <tt>maximum</tt> - The maximum size of the attribute
-      # * <tt>is</tt> - The exact size of the attribute
-      # * <tt>within</tt> - A range specifying the minimum and maximum size of the attribute
-      # * <tt>in</tt> - A synonym(or alias) for :within
-      # * <tt>allow_nil</tt> - Attribute may be nil; skip validation.
-      # * <tt>allow_blank</tt> - Attribute may be blank; skip validation.
-      #
-      # * <tt>too_long</tt> - The error message if the attribute goes over the maximum (default is: "is too long (maximum is %d characters)")
-      # * <tt>too_short</tt> - The error message if the attribute goes under the minimum (default is: "is too short (min is %d characters)")
-      # * <tt>wrong_length</tt> - The error message if using the :is method and the attribute is the wrong size (default is: "is the wrong length (should be %d characters)")
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - The error message to use for a :minimum, :maximum, or :is violation.  An alias of the appropriate too_long/too_short/wrong_length message
-      # * <tt>on</tt> - Specifies when this validation is active (default is :save, other options :create, :update)
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.      
-      def validates_length_of(*attrs)
-        # Merge given options with defaults.
-        options = {
-          :too_long     => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:too_long],
-          :too_short    => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:too_short],
-          :wrong_length => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:wrong_length]
-        }.merge(DEFAULT_VALIDATION_OPTIONS)
-        options.update(attrs.extract_options!.symbolize_keys)
-
-        # Ensure that one and only one range option is specified.
-        range_options = ALL_RANGE_OPTIONS & options.keys
-        case range_options.size
-          when 0
-            raise ArgumentError, 'Range unspecified.  Specify the :within, :maximum, :minimum, or :is option.'
-          when 1
-            # Valid number of options; do nothing.
-          else
-            raise ArgumentError, 'Too many range options specified.  Choose only one.'
-        end
-
-        # Get range option and value.
-        option = range_options.first
-        option_value = options[range_options.first]
-
-        case option
-          when :within, :in
-            raise ArgumentError, ":#{option} must be a Range" unless option_value.is_a?(Range)
-
-            too_short = options[:too_short] % option_value.begin
-            too_long  = options[:too_long]  % option_value.end
-
-            validates_each(attrs, options) do |record, attr, value|
-              if value.nil? or value.split(//).size < option_value.begin
-                record.errors.add(attr, too_short)
-              elsif value.split(//).size > option_value.end
-                record.errors.add(attr, too_long)
-              end
-            end
-          when :is, :minimum, :maximum
-            raise ArgumentError, ":#{option} must be a nonnegative Integer" unless option_value.is_a?(Integer) and option_value >= 0
-
-            # Declare different validations per option.
-            validity_checks = { :is => "==", :minimum => ">=", :maximum => "<=" }
-            message_options = { :is => :wrong_length, :minimum => :too_short, :maximum => :too_long }
-
-            message = (options[:message] || options[message_options[option]]) % option_value
-
-            validates_each(attrs, options) do |record, attr, value|
-              if value.kind_of?(String)
-                record.errors.add(attr, message) unless !value.nil? and value.split(//).size.method(validity_checks[option])[option_value]
-              else
-                record.errors.add(attr, message) unless !value.nil? and value.size.method(validity_checks[option])[option_value]
-              end
-            end
-        end
-      end
-
-      alias_method :validates_size_of, :validates_length_of
-
-
-      # Validates whether the value of the specified attributes are unique across the system. Useful for making sure that only one user
-      # can be named "davidhh".
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_uniqueness_of :user_name, :scope => :account_id
-      #   end
-      #
-      # It can also validate whether the value of the specified attributes are unique based on multiple scope parameters.  For example,
-      # making sure that a teacher can only be on the schedule once per semester for a particular class.
-      #
-      #   class TeacherSchedule < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_uniqueness_of :teacher_id, :scope => [:semester_id, :class_id]
-      #   end
-      #
-      # When the record is created, a check is performed to make sure that no record exists in the database with the given value for the specified
-      # attribute (that maps to a column). When the record is updated, the same check is made but disregarding the record itself.
-      #
-      # Because this check is performed outside the database there is still a chance that duplicate values
-      # will be inserted in two parallel transactions.  To guarantee against this you should create a 
-      # unique index on the field. See +create_index+ for more information.
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - Specifies a custom error message (default is: "has already been taken")
-      # * <tt>scope</tt> - One or more columns by which to limit the scope of the uniquness constraint.
-      # * <tt>case_sensitive</tt> - Looks for an exact match.  Ignored by non-text columns (true by default).
-      # * <tt>allow_nil</tt> - If set to true, skips this validation if the attribute is null (default is: false)
-      # * <tt>allow_blank</tt> - If set to true, skips this validation if the attribute is blank (default is: false)
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      def validates_uniqueness_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :message => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:taken], :case_sensitive => true }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-        validates_each(attr_names,configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
-          if value.nil? || (configuration[:case_sensitive] || !columns_hash[attr_name.to_s].text?)
-            condition_sql = "#{record.class.table_name}.#{attr_name} #{attribute_condition(value)}"
-            condition_params = [value]
-          else
-            condition_sql = "LOWER(#{record.class.table_name}.#{attr_name}) #{attribute_condition(value)}"
-            condition_params = [value.downcase]
-          end
-
-          if scope = configuration[:scope]
-            Array(scope).map do |scope_item|
-              scope_value = record.send(scope_item)
-              condition_sql << " AND #{record.class.table_name}.#{scope_item} #{attribute_condition(scope_value)}"
-              condition_params << scope_value
-            end
-          end
-
-          unless record.new_record?
-            condition_sql << " AND #{record.class.table_name}.#{record.class.primary_key} <> ?"
-            condition_params << record.send(:id)
-          end
-
-          # The check for an existing value should be run from a class that
-          # isn't abstract. This means working down from the current class
-          # (self), to the first non-abstract class. Since classes don't know
-          # their subclasses, we have to build the hierarchy between self and
-          # the record's class.
-          class_hierarchy = [record.class]
-          while class_hierarchy.first != self
-            class_hierarchy.insert(0, class_hierarchy.first.superclass)
-          end
-
-          # Now we can work our way down the tree to the first non-abstract
-          # class (which has a database table to query from).
-          finder_class = class_hierarchy.detect { |klass| !klass.abstract_class? }
-
-          if finder_class.find(:first, :conditions => [condition_sql, *condition_params])
-            record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message])
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-
-      # Validates whether the value of the specified attribute is of the correct form by matching it against the regular expression
-      # provided.
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_format_of :email, :with => /\A([^@\s]+)@((?:[-a-z0-9]+\.)+[a-z]{2,})\Z/i, :on => :create
-      #   end
-      #
-      # Note: use \A and \Z to match the start and end of the string, ^ and $ match the start/end of a line.
-      #
-      # A regular expression must be provided or else an exception will be raised.
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - A custom error message (default is: "is invalid")
-      # * <tt>with</tt> - The regular expression used to validate the format with (note: must be supplied!)
-      # * <tt>on</tt> Specifies when this validation is active (default is :save, other options :create, :update)
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      def validates_format_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :message => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:invalid], :on => :save, :with => nil }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-        raise(ArgumentError, "A regular expression must be supplied as the :with option of the configuration hash") unless configuration[:with].is_a?(Regexp)
-
-        validates_each(attr_names, configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
-          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message]) unless value.to_s =~ configuration[:with]
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Validates whether the value of the specified attribute is available in a particular enumerable object.
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_inclusion_of :gender, :in => %w( m f ), :message => "woah! what are you then!??!!"
-      #     validates_inclusion_of :age, :in => 0..99
-      #     validates_inclusion_of :format, :in => %w( jpg gif png ), :message => "extension %s is not included in the list"
-      #   end
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>in</tt> - An enumerable object of available items
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - Specifies a customer error message (default is: "is not included in the list")
-      # * <tt>allow_nil</tt> - If set to true, skips this validation if the attribute is null (default is: false)
-      # * <tt>allow_blank</tt> - If set to true, skips this validation if the attribute is blank (default is: false)
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      def validates_inclusion_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :message => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:inclusion], :on => :save }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-        enum = configuration[:in] || configuration[:within]
-
-        raise(ArgumentError, "An object with the method include? is required must be supplied as the :in option of the configuration hash") unless enum.respond_to?("include?")
-
-        validates_each(attr_names, configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
-          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message] % value) unless enum.include?(value)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Validates that the value of the specified attribute is not in a particular enumerable object.
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_exclusion_of :username, :in => %w( admin superuser ), :message => "You don't belong here"
-      #     validates_exclusion_of :age, :in => 30..60, :message => "This site is only for under 30 and over 60"
-      #     validates_exclusion_of :format, :in => %w( mov avi ), :message => "extension %s is not allowed"
-      #   end
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>in</tt> - An enumerable object of items that the value shouldn't be part of
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - Specifies a customer error message (default is: "is reserved")
-      # * <tt>allow_nil</tt> - If set to true, skips this validation if the attribute is null (default is: false)
-      # * <tt>allow_blank</tt> - If set to true, skips this validation if the attribute is blank (default is: false)
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      def validates_exclusion_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :message => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:exclusion], :on => :save }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-        enum = configuration[:in] || configuration[:within]
-
-        raise(ArgumentError, "An object with the method include? is required must be supplied as the :in option of the configuration hash") unless enum.respond_to?("include?")
-
-        validates_each(attr_names, configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
-          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message] % value) if enum.include?(value)
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Validates whether the associated object or objects are all valid themselves. Works with any kind of association.
-      #
-      #   class Book < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     has_many :pages
-      #     belongs_to :library
-      #
-      #     validates_associated :pages, :library
-      #   end
-      #
-      # Warning: If, after the above definition, you then wrote:
-      #
-      #   class Page < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     belongs_to :book
-      #
-      #     validates_associated :book
-      #   end
-      #
-      # ...this would specify a circular dependency and cause infinite recursion.
-      #
-      # NOTE: This validation will not fail if the association hasn't been assigned. If you want to ensure that the association
-      # is both present and guaranteed to be valid, you also need to use validates_presence_of.
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - A custom error message (default is: "is invalid")
-      # * <tt>on</tt> Specifies when this validation is active (default is :save, other options :create, :update)
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      def validates_associated(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :message => ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:invalid], :on => :save }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-        validates_each(attr_names, configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
-          record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message]) unless
-            (value.is_a?(Array) ? value : [value]).inject(true) { |v, r| (r.nil? || r.valid?) && v }
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Validates whether the value of the specified attribute is numeric by trying to convert it to
-      # a float with Kernel.Float (if <tt>integer</tt> is false) or applying it to the regular expression
-      # <tt>/\A[\+\-]?\d+\Z/</tt> (if <tt>integer</tt> is set to true).
-      #
-      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
-      #     validates_numericality_of :value, :on => :create
-      #   end
-      #
-      # Configuration options:
-      # * <tt>message</tt> - A custom error message (default is: "is not a number")
-      # * <tt>on</tt> Specifies when this validation is active (default is :save, other options :create, :update)
-      # * <tt>only_integer</tt> Specifies whether the value has to be an integer, e.g. an integral value (default is false)
-      # * <tt>allow_nil</tt> Skip validation if attribute is nil (default is false). Notice that for fixnum and float columns empty strings are converted to nil
-      # * <tt>greater_than</tt> Specifies the value must be greater than the supplied value
-      # * <tt>greater_than_or_equal_to</tt> Specifies the value must be greater than or equal the supplied value
-      # * <tt>equal_to</tt> Specifies the value must be equal to the supplied value
-      # * <tt>less_than</tt> Specifies the value must be less than the supplied value
-      # * <tt>less_than_or_equal_to</tt> Specifies the value must be less than or equal the supplied value
-      # * <tt>odd</tt> Specifies the value must be an odd number
-      # * <tt>even</tt> Specifies the value must be an even number
-      # * <tt>if</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   occur (e.g. :if => :allow_validation, or :if => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step > 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      # * <tt>unless</tt> - Specifies a method, proc or string to call to determine if the validation should
-      #   not occur (e.g. :unless => :skip_validation, or :unless => Proc.new { |user| user.signup_step <= 2 }).  The
-      #   method, proc or string should return or evaluate to a true or false value.
-      def validates_numericality_of(*attr_names)
-        configuration = { :on => :save, :only_integer => false, :allow_nil => false }
-        configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!)
-
-
-        numericality_options = ALL_NUMERICALITY_CHECKS.keys & configuration.keys
-
-        (numericality_options - [ :odd, :even ]).each do |option|
-          raise ArgumentError, ":#{option} must be a number" unless configuration[option].is_a?(Numeric)
-        end
-
-        validates_each(attr_names,configuration) do |record, attr_name, value|
-          raw_value = record.send("#{attr_name}_before_type_cast") || value
-
-          next if configuration[:allow_nil] and raw_value.nil?
-
-          if configuration[:only_integer]
-            unless raw_value.to_s =~ /\A[+-]?\d+\Z/
-              record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message] || ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:not_a_number])
-              next
-            end
-            raw_value = raw_value.to_i
-          else
-           begin
-              raw_value = Kernel.Float(raw_value.to_s)
-            rescue ArgumentError, TypeError
-              record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message] || ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[:not_a_number])
-              next
-            end
-          end
-
-          numericality_options.each do |option|
-            case option
-              when :odd, :even
-                record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message] || ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[option]) unless raw_value.to_i.method(ALL_NUMERICALITY_CHECKS[option])[]
-              else
-                record.errors.add(attr_name, configuration[:message] || (ActiveRecord::Errors.default_error_messages[option] % configuration[option])) unless raw_value.method(ALL_NUMERICALITY_CHECKS[option])[configuration[option]]
-            end
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Creates an object just like Base.create but calls save! instead of save
-      # so an exception is raised if the record is invalid.
-      def create!(attributes = nil)
-        if attributes.is_a?(Array)
-          attributes.collect { |attr| create!(attr) }
-        else
-          object = new(attributes)
-          object.save!
-          object
-        end
-      end
-
-
-      private
-        def write_inheritable_set(key, methods)
-          existing_methods = read_inheritable_attribute(key) || []
-          write_inheritable_attribute(key, existing_methods | methods)
-        end
-
-        def validation_method(on)
-          case on
-            when :save   then :validate
-            when :create then :validate_on_create
-            when :update then :validate_on_update
-          end
-        end
-    end
-
-    # The validation process on save can be skipped by passing false. The regular Base#save method is
-    # replaced with this when the validations module is mixed in, which it is by default.
-    def save_with_validation(perform_validation = true)
-      if perform_validation && valid? || !perform_validation
-        save_without_validation
-      else
-        false
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Attempts to save the record just like Base#save but will raise a RecordInvalid exception instead of returning false
-    # if the record is not valid.
-    def save_with_validation!
-      if valid?
-        save_without_validation!
-      else
-        raise RecordInvalid.new(self)
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Updates a single attribute and saves the record without going through the normal validation procedure.
-    # This is especially useful for boolean flags on existing records. The regular +update_attribute+ method
-    # in Base is replaced with this when the validations module is mixed in, which it is by default.
-    def update_attribute_with_validation_skipping(name, value)
-      send(name.to_s + '=', value)
-      save(false)
-    end
-
-    # Runs validate and validate_on_create or validate_on_update and returns true if no errors were added otherwise false.
-    def valid?
-      errors.clear
-
-      run_validations(:validate)
-      validate
-
-      if new_record?
-        run_validations(:validate_on_create)
-        validate_on_create
-      else
-        run_validations(:validate_on_update)
-        validate_on_update
-      end
-
-      errors.empty?
-    end
-
-    # Returns the Errors object that holds all information about attribute error messages.
-    def errors
-      @errors ||= Errors.new(self)
-    end
-
-    protected
-      # Overwrite this method for validation checks on all saves and use Errors.add(field, msg) for invalid attributes.
-      def validate #:doc:
-      end
-
-      # Overwrite this method for validation checks used only on creation.
-      def validate_on_create #:doc:
-      end
-
-      # Overwrite this method for validation checks used only on updates.
-      def validate_on_update # :doc:
-      end
-
-    private
-      def run_validations(validation_method)
-        validations = self.class.read_inheritable_attribute(validation_method.to_sym)
-        if validations.nil? then return end
-        validations.each do |validation|
-          if validation.is_a?(Symbol)
-            self.send(validation)
-          elsif validation.is_a?(String)
-            eval(validation, binding)
-          elsif validation_block?(validation)
-            validation.call(self)
-          elsif validation_class?(validation, validation_method)
-            validation.send(validation_method, self)
-          else
-            raise(
-              ActiveRecordError,
-              "Validations need to be either a symbol, string (to be eval'ed), proc/method, or " +
-              "class implementing a static validation method"
-            )
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      def validation_block?(validation)
-        validation.respond_to?("call") && (validation.arity == 1 || validation.arity == -1)
-      end
-
-      def validation_class?(validation, validation_method)
-        validation.respond_to?(validation_method)
-      end
-  end
-end