simdjson 0.2.0 → 0.3.0

data/vendor/simdjson/include/simdjson/internal/jsonformatutils.h

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+#ifndef SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_JSONFORMATUTILS_H
+#define SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_JSONFORMATUTILS_H
+
+#include <iomanip>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+namespace simdjson {
+namespace internal {
+
+class escape_json_string;
+
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const escape_json_string &str);
+
+class escape_json_string {
+public:
+  escape_json_string(std::string_view _str) noexcept : str{_str} {}
+  operator std::string() const noexcept { std::stringstream s; s << *this; return s.str(); }
+private:
+  std::string_view str;
+  friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const escape_json_string &unescaped);
+};
+
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const escape_json_string &unescaped) {
+  for (size_t i=0; i<unescaped.str.length(); i++) {
+    switch (unescaped.str[i]) {
+    case '\b':
+      out << "\\b";
+      break;
+    case '\f':
+      out << "\\f";
+      break;
+    case '\n':
+      out << "\\n";
+      break;
+    case '\r':
+      out << "\\r";
+      break;
+    case '\"':
+      out << "\\\"";
+      break;
+    case '\t':
+      out << "\\t";
+      break;
+    case '\\':
+      out << "\\\\";
+      break;
+    default:
+      if ((unsigned char)unescaped.str[i] <= 0x1F) {
+        // TODO can this be done once at the beginning, or will it mess up << char?
+        std::ios::fmtflags f(out.flags());
+        out << "\\u" << std::hex << std::setw(4) << std::setfill('0') << int(unescaped.str[i]);
+        out.flags(f);
+      } else {
+        out << unescaped.str[i];
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  return out;
+}
+
+} // namespace internal
+} // namespace simdjson
+
+#endif // SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_JSONFORMATUTILS_H

data/vendor/simdjson/include/simdjson/internal/tape_ref.h

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#ifndef SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_TAPE_REF_H
+#define SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_TAPE_REF_H
+
+#include "simdjson/internal/tape_type.h"
+
+namespace simdjson {
+
+namespace dom {
+  class document;
+}
+
+namespace internal {
+
+constexpr const uint64_t JSON_VALUE_MASK = 0x00FFFFFFFFFFFFFF;
+constexpr const uint32_t JSON_COUNT_MASK = 0xFFFFFF;
+
+/**
+ * A reference to an element on the tape. Internal only.
+ */
+class tape_ref {
+public:
+  really_inline tape_ref() noexcept;
+  really_inline tape_ref(const dom::document *doc, size_t json_index) noexcept;
+  inline size_t after_element() const noexcept;
+  really_inline tape_type tape_ref_type() const noexcept;
+  really_inline uint64_t tape_value() const noexcept;
+  really_inline bool is_double() const noexcept;
+  really_inline bool is_int64() const noexcept;
+  really_inline bool is_uint64() const noexcept;
+  really_inline bool is_false() const noexcept;
+  really_inline bool is_true() const noexcept;
+  really_inline bool is_null_on_tape() const noexcept;// different name to avoid clash with is_null.
+  really_inline uint32_t matching_brace_index() const noexcept;
+  really_inline uint32_t scope_count() const noexcept;
+  template<typename T>
+  really_inline T next_tape_value() const noexcept;
+  really_inline uint32_t get_string_length() const noexcept;
+  really_inline const char * get_c_str() const noexcept;
+  inline std::string_view get_string_view() const noexcept;
+
+  /** The document this element references. */
+  const dom::document *doc;
+
+  /** The index of this element on `doc.tape[]` */
+  size_t json_index;
+};
+
+} // namespace internal
+} // namespace simdjson
+
+#endif // SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_TAPE_REF_H

data/vendor/simdjson/include/simdjson/internal/tape_type.h

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#ifndef SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_TAPE_TYPE_H
+#define SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_TAPE_TYPE_H
+
+namespace simdjson {
+namespace internal {
+
+/**
+ * The possible types in the tape.
+ */
+enum class tape_type {
+  ROOT = 'r',
+  START_ARRAY = '[',
+  START_OBJECT = '{',
+  END_ARRAY = ']',
+  END_OBJECT = '}',
+  STRING = '"',
+  INT64 = 'l',
+  UINT64 = 'u',
+  DOUBLE = 'd',
+  TRUE_VALUE = 't',
+  FALSE_VALUE = 'f',
+  NULL_VALUE = 'n'
+}; // enum class tape_type
+
+} // namespace internal
+} // namespace simdjson
+
+#endif // SIMDJSON_INTERNAL_TAPE_TYPE_H

data/vendor/simdjson/include/simdjson/jsonioutil.h

@@ -2,31 +2,19 @@
 #define SIMDJSON_JSONIOUTIL_H
 
 #include "simdjson/common_defs.h"
-#include <exception>
-#include <fstream>
-#include <iostream>
-#include <sstream>
-#include <string>
-
 #include "simdjson/padded_string.h"
 
 namespace simdjson {
 
-// load a file in memory...
-// get a corpus; pad out to cache line so we can always use SIMD
-// throws exceptions in case of failure
-// first element of the pair is a string (null terminated)
-// whereas the second element is the length.
-// caller is responsible to free (aligned_free((void*)result.data())))
-//
-// throws an exception if the file cannot be opened, use try/catch
-//      try {
-//        p = get_corpus(filename);
-//      } catch (const std::exception& e) {
-//        aligned_free((void*)p.data());
-//        std::cout << "Could not load the file " << filename << std::endl;
-//      }
-padded_string get_corpus(const std::string &filename);
+#if SIMDJSON_EXCEPTIONS
+
+[[deprecated("Use padded_string::load() instead")]]
+inline padded_string get_corpus(const char *path) {
+  return padded_string::load(path);
+}
+
+#endif // SIMDJSON_EXCEPTIONS
+
 } // namespace simdjson
 
-#endif
+#endif // SIMDJSON_JSONIOUTIL_H

data/vendor/simdjson/include/simdjson/minify.h

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+#ifndef SIMDJSON_MINIFY_H
+#define SIMDJSON_MINIFY_H
+
+#include "simdjson/common_defs.h"
+#include "simdjson/padded_string.h"
+#include <string>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <sstream>
+
+namespace simdjson {
+
+
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Minify the input string assuming that it represents a JSON string, does not parse or validate.
+ * This function is much faster than parsing a JSON string and then writing a minified version of it.
+ * However, it does not validate the input.
+ *
+ *
+ * @param buf the json document to minify.
+ * @param len the length of the json document.
+ * @param dst the buffer to write the minified document to. *MUST* be allocated up to len + SIMDJSON_PADDING bytes.
+ * @param dst_len the number of bytes written. Output only.
+ * @return the error code, or SUCCESS if there was no error.
+ */
+WARN_UNUSED error_code minify(const char *buf, size_t len, char *dst, size_t &dst_len) noexcept;
+
+/**
+ * Minifies a JSON element or document, printing the smallest possible valid JSON.
+ *
+ *   dom::parser parser;
+ *   element doc = parser.parse("   [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] "_padded);
+ *   cout << minify(doc) << endl; // prints [1,2,3]
+ *
+ */
+template<typename T>
+class minifier {
+public:
+  /**
+   * Create a new minifier.
+   *
+   * @param _value The document or element to minify.
+   */
+  inline minifier(const T &_value) noexcept : value{_value} {}
+
+  /**
+   * Minify JSON to a string.
+   */
+  inline operator std::string() const noexcept { std::stringstream s; s << *this; return s.str(); }
+
+  /**
+   * Minify JSON to an output stream.
+   */
+  inline std::ostream& print(std::ostream& out);
+private:
+  const T &value;
+};
+
+template<typename T>
+inline minifier<T> minify(const T &value) noexcept { return minifier<T>(value); }
+
+/**
+ * Minify JSON to an output stream.
+ *
+ * @param out The output stream.
+ * @param formatter The minifier.
+ * @throw if there is an error with the underlying output stream. simdjson itself will not throw.
+ */
+template<typename T>
+inline std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, minifier<T> formatter) { return formatter.print(out); }
+
+} // namespace simdjson
+
+#endif // SIMDJSON_MINIFY_H

data/vendor/simdjson/include/simdjson/nonstd/string_view.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,1529 @@
+// Copyright 2017-2019 by Martin Moene
+//
+// string-view lite, a C++17-like string_view for C++98 and later.
+// For more information see https://github.com/martinmoene/string-view-lite
+//
+// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
+// (See accompanying file LICENSE.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
+
+#pragma once
+
+#ifndef NONSTD_SV_LITE_H_INCLUDED
+#define NONSTD_SV_LITE_H_INCLUDED
+
+#define string_view_lite_MAJOR  1
+#define string_view_lite_MINOR  4
+#define string_view_lite_PATCH  0
+
+#define string_view_lite_VERSION  nssv_STRINGIFY(string_view_lite_MAJOR) "." nssv_STRINGIFY(string_view_lite_MINOR) "." nssv_STRINGIFY(string_view_lite_PATCH)
+
+#define nssv_STRINGIFY(  x )  nssv_STRINGIFY_( x )
+#define nssv_STRINGIFY_( x )  #x
+
+// string-view lite configuration:
+
+#define nssv_STRING_VIEW_DEFAULT  0
+#define nssv_STRING_VIEW_NONSTD   1
+#define nssv_STRING_VIEW_STD      2
+
+#if !defined( nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_STRING_VIEW )
+# define nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_STRING_VIEW  ( nssv_HAVE_STD_STRING_VIEW ? nssv_STRING_VIEW_STD : nssv_STRING_VIEW_NONSTD )
+#endif
+
+#if defined( nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_STD_STRING_VIEW ) || defined( nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_NONSTD_STRING_VIEW )
+# error nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_STD_STRING_VIEW and nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_NONSTD_STRING_VIEW are deprecated and removed, please use nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_STRING_VIEW=nssv_STRING_VIEW_...
+#endif
+
+#ifndef  nssv_CONFIG_STD_SV_OPERATOR
+# define nssv_CONFIG_STD_SV_OPERATOR  0
+#endif
+
+#ifndef  nssv_CONFIG_USR_SV_OPERATOR
+# define nssv_CONFIG_USR_SV_OPERATOR  1
+#endif
+
+#ifdef   nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING
+# define nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_CLASS_METHODS   nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING
+# define nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_FREE_FUNCTIONS  nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING
+#endif
+
+#ifndef  nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_CLASS_METHODS
+# define nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_CLASS_METHODS  1
+#endif
+
+#ifndef  nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_FREE_FUNCTIONS
+# define nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_FREE_FUNCTIONS  1
+#endif
+
+// Control presence of exception handling (try and auto discover):
+
+#ifndef nssv_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+# if defined(__cpp_exceptions) || defined(__EXCEPTIONS) || defined(_CPPUNWIND)
+#  define nssv_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS  0
+# else
+#  define nssv_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS  1
+# endif
+#endif
+
+// C++ language version detection (C++20 is speculative):
+// Note: VC14.0/1900 (VS2015) lacks too much from C++14.
+
+#ifndef   nssv_CPLUSPLUS
+# if defined(_MSVC_LANG ) && !defined(__clang__)
+#  define nssv_CPLUSPLUS  (_MSC_VER == 1900 ? 201103L : _MSVC_LANG )
+# else
+#  define nssv_CPLUSPLUS  __cplusplus
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#define nssv_CPP98_OR_GREATER  ( nssv_CPLUSPLUS >= 199711L )
+#define nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER  ( nssv_CPLUSPLUS >= 201103L )
+#define nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER_ ( nssv_CPLUSPLUS >= 201103L )
+#define nssv_CPP14_OR_GREATER  ( nssv_CPLUSPLUS >= 201402L )
+#define nssv_CPP17_OR_GREATER  ( nssv_CPLUSPLUS >= 201703L )
+#define nssv_CPP20_OR_GREATER  ( nssv_CPLUSPLUS >= 202000L )
+
+// use C++17 std::string_view if available and requested:
+
+#if nssv_CPP17_OR_GREATER && defined(__has_include )
+# if __has_include( <string_view> )
+#  define nssv_HAVE_STD_STRING_VIEW  1
+# else
+#  define nssv_HAVE_STD_STRING_VIEW  0
+# endif
+#else
+# define  nssv_HAVE_STD_STRING_VIEW  0
+#endif
+
+#define  nssv_USES_STD_STRING_VIEW  ( (nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_STRING_VIEW == nssv_STRING_VIEW_STD) || ((nssv_CONFIG_SELECT_STRING_VIEW == nssv_STRING_VIEW_DEFAULT) && nssv_HAVE_STD_STRING_VIEW) )
+
+#define nssv_HAVE_STARTS_WITH ( nssv_CPP20_OR_GREATER || !nssv_USES_STD_STRING_VIEW )
+#define nssv_HAVE_ENDS_WITH     nssv_HAVE_STARTS_WITH
+
+//
+// Use C++17 std::string_view:
+//
+
+#if nssv_USES_STD_STRING_VIEW
+
+#include <string_view>
+
+// Extensions for std::string:
+
+#if nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_FREE_FUNCTIONS
+
+namespace nonstd {
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator = std::allocator<CharT> >
+std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
+to_string( std::basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> v, Allocator const & a = Allocator() )
+{
+    return std::basic_string<CharT,Traits, Allocator>( v.begin(), v.end(), a );
+}
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator >
+std::basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>
+to_string_view( std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator> const & s )
+{
+    return std::basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>( s.data(), s.size() );
+}
+
+// Literal operators sv and _sv:
+
+#if nssv_CONFIG_STD_SV_OPERATOR
+
+using namespace std::literals::string_view_literals;
+
+#endif
+
+#if nssv_CONFIG_USR_SV_OPERATOR
+
+inline namespace literals {
+inline namespace string_view_literals {
+
+
+constexpr std::string_view operator "" _sv( const char* str, size_t len ) noexcept  // (1)
+{
+    return std::string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+constexpr std::u16string_view operator "" _sv( const char16_t* str, size_t len ) noexcept  // (2)
+{
+    return std::u16string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+constexpr std::u32string_view operator "" _sv( const char32_t* str, size_t len ) noexcept  // (3)
+{
+    return std::u32string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+constexpr std::wstring_view operator "" _sv( const wchar_t* str, size_t len ) noexcept  // (4)
+{
+    return std::wstring_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+}} // namespace literals::string_view_literals
+
+#endif // nssv_CONFIG_USR_SV_OPERATOR
+
+} // namespace nonstd
+
+#endif // nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_FREE_FUNCTIONS
+
+namespace nonstd {
+
+using std::string_view;
+using std::wstring_view;
+using std::u16string_view;
+using std::u32string_view;
+using std::basic_string_view;
+
+// literal "sv" and "_sv", see above
+
+using std::operator==;
+using std::operator!=;
+using std::operator<;
+using std::operator<=;
+using std::operator>;
+using std::operator>=;
+
+using std::operator<<;
+
+} // namespace nonstd
+
+#else // nssv_HAVE_STD_STRING_VIEW
+
+//
+// Before C++17: use string_view lite:
+//
+
+// Compiler versions:
+//
+// MSVC++  6.0  _MSC_VER == 1200  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION ==  60  (Visual Studio 6.0)
+// MSVC++  7.0  _MSC_VER == 1300  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION ==  70  (Visual Studio .NET 2002)
+// MSVC++  7.1  _MSC_VER == 1310  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION ==  71  (Visual Studio .NET 2003)
+// MSVC++  8.0  _MSC_VER == 1400  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION ==  80  (Visual Studio 2005)
+// MSVC++  9.0  _MSC_VER == 1500  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION ==  90  (Visual Studio 2008)
+// MSVC++ 10.0  _MSC_VER == 1600  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION == 100  (Visual Studio 2010)
+// MSVC++ 11.0  _MSC_VER == 1700  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION == 110  (Visual Studio 2012)
+// MSVC++ 12.0  _MSC_VER == 1800  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION == 120  (Visual Studio 2013)
+// MSVC++ 14.0  _MSC_VER == 1900  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION == 140  (Visual Studio 2015)
+// MSVC++ 14.1  _MSC_VER >= 1910  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION == 141  (Visual Studio 2017)
+// MSVC++ 14.2  _MSC_VER >= 1920  nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION == 142  (Visual Studio 2019)
+
+#if defined(_MSC_VER ) && !defined(__clang__)
+# define nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER      (_MSC_VER )
+# define nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION  (_MSC_VER / 10 - 10 * ( 5 + (_MSC_VER < 1900 ) ) )
+#else
+# define nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER      0
+# define nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION  0
+#endif
+
+#define nssv_COMPILER_VERSION( major, minor, patch )  ( 10 * ( 10 * (major) + (minor) ) + (patch) )
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+# define nssv_COMPILER_CLANG_VERSION  nssv_COMPILER_VERSION(__clang_major__, __clang_minor__, __clang_patchlevel__)
+#else
+# define nssv_COMPILER_CLANG_VERSION    0
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(__clang__)
+# define nssv_COMPILER_GNUC_VERSION  nssv_COMPILER_VERSION(__GNUC__, __GNUC_MINOR__, __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+#else
+# define nssv_COMPILER_GNUC_VERSION    0
+#endif
+
+// half-open range [lo..hi):
+#define nssv_BETWEEN( v, lo, hi ) ( (lo) <= (v) && (v) < (hi) )
+
+// Presence of language and library features:
+
+#ifdef _HAS_CPP0X
+# define nssv_HAS_CPP0X  _HAS_CPP0X
+#else
+# define nssv_HAS_CPP0X  0
+#endif
+
+// Unless defined otherwise below, consider VC14 as C++11 for variant-lite:
+
+#if nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER >= 1900
+# undef  nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+# define nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER  1
+#endif
+
+#define nssv_CPP11_90   (nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER_ || nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER >= 1500)
+#define nssv_CPP11_100  (nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER_ || nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER >= 1600)
+#define nssv_CPP11_110  (nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER_ || nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER >= 1700)
+#define nssv_CPP11_120  (nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER_ || nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER >= 1800)
+#define nssv_CPP11_140  (nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER_ || nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER >= 1900)
+#define nssv_CPP11_141  (nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER_ || nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VER >= 1910)
+
+#define nssv_CPP14_000  (nssv_CPP14_OR_GREATER)
+#define nssv_CPP17_000  (nssv_CPP17_OR_GREATER)
+
+// Presence of C++11 language features:
+
+#define nssv_HAVE_CONSTEXPR_11          nssv_CPP11_140
+#define nssv_HAVE_EXPLICIT_CONVERSION   nssv_CPP11_140
+#define nssv_HAVE_INLINE_NAMESPACE      nssv_CPP11_140
+#define nssv_HAVE_NOEXCEPT              nssv_CPP11_140
+#define nssv_HAVE_NULLPTR               nssv_CPP11_100
+#define nssv_HAVE_REF_QUALIFIER         nssv_CPP11_140
+#define nssv_HAVE_UNICODE_LITERALS      nssv_CPP11_140
+#define nssv_HAVE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS nssv_CPP11_140
+#define nssv_HAVE_WCHAR16_T             nssv_CPP11_100
+#define nssv_HAVE_WCHAR32_T             nssv_CPP11_100
+
+#if ! ( ( nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER && nssv_COMPILER_CLANG_VERSION ) || nssv_BETWEEN( nssv_COMPILER_CLANG_VERSION, 300, 400 ) )
+# define nssv_HAVE_STD_DEFINED_LITERALS  nssv_CPP11_140
+#else
+# define nssv_HAVE_STD_DEFINED_LITERALS  0
+#endif
+
+// Presence of C++14 language features:
+
+#define nssv_HAVE_CONSTEXPR_14          nssv_CPP14_000
+
+// Presence of C++17 language features:
+
+#define nssv_HAVE_NODISCARD             nssv_CPP17_000
+
+// Presence of C++ library features:
+
+#define nssv_HAVE_STD_HASH              nssv_CPP11_120
+
+// C++ feature usage:
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_CONSTEXPR_11
+# define nssv_constexpr  constexpr
+#else
+# define nssv_constexpr  /*constexpr*/
+#endif
+
+#if  nssv_HAVE_CONSTEXPR_14
+# define nssv_constexpr14  constexpr
+#else
+# define nssv_constexpr14  /*constexpr*/
+#endif
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_EXPLICIT_CONVERSION
+# define nssv_explicit  explicit
+#else
+# define nssv_explicit  /*explicit*/
+#endif
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_INLINE_NAMESPACE
+# define nssv_inline_ns  inline
+#else
+# define nssv_inline_ns  /*inline*/
+#endif
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_NOEXCEPT
+# define nssv_noexcept  noexcept
+#else
+# define nssv_noexcept  /*noexcept*/
+#endif
+
+//#if nssv_HAVE_REF_QUALIFIER
+//# define nssv_ref_qual  &
+//# define nssv_refref_qual  &&
+//#else
+//# define nssv_ref_qual  /*&*/
+//# define nssv_refref_qual  /*&&*/
+//#endif
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_NULLPTR
+# define nssv_nullptr  nullptr
+#else
+# define nssv_nullptr  NULL
+#endif
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_NODISCARD
+# define nssv_nodiscard  [[nodiscard]]
+#else
+# define nssv_nodiscard  /*[[nodiscard]]*/
+#endif
+
+// Additional includes:
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <limits>
+#include <ostream>
+#include <string>   // std::char_traits<>
+
+#if ! nssv_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+# include <stdexcept>
+#endif
+
+#if nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+# include <type_traits>
+#endif
+
+// Clang, GNUC, MSVC warning suppression macros:
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+# pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wreserved-user-defined-literal"
+# pragma clang diagnostic push
+# pragma clang diagnostic ignored "-Wuser-defined-literals"
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+# pragma  GCC  diagnostic push
+# pragma  GCC  diagnostic ignored "-Wliteral-suffix"
+#endif // __clang__
+
+#if nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION >= 140
+# define nssv_SUPPRESS_MSGSL_WARNING(expr)        [[gsl::suppress(expr)]]
+# define nssv_SUPPRESS_MSVC_WARNING(code, descr)  __pragma(warning(suppress: code) )
+# define nssv_DISABLE_MSVC_WARNINGS(codes)        __pragma(warning(push))  __pragma(warning(disable: codes))
+#else
+# define nssv_SUPPRESS_MSGSL_WARNING(expr)
+# define nssv_SUPPRESS_MSVC_WARNING(code, descr)
+# define nssv_DISABLE_MSVC_WARNINGS(codes)
+#endif
+
+#if defined(__clang__)
+# define nssv_RESTORE_WARNINGS()  _Pragma("clang diagnostic pop")
+#elif defined(__GNUC__)
+# define nssv_RESTORE_WARNINGS()  _Pragma("GCC diagnostic pop")
+#elif nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION >= 140
+# define nssv_RESTORE_WARNINGS()  __pragma(warning(pop ))
+#else
+# define nssv_RESTORE_WARNINGS()
+#endif
+
+// Suppress the following MSVC (GSL) warnings:
+// - C4455, non-gsl   : 'operator ""sv': literal suffix identifiers that do not
+//                      start with an underscore are reserved
+// - C26472, gsl::t.1 : don't use a static_cast for arithmetic conversions;
+//                      use brace initialization, gsl::narrow_cast or gsl::narow
+// - C26481: gsl::b.1 : don't use pointer arithmetic. Use span instead
+
+nssv_DISABLE_MSVC_WARNINGS( 4455 26481 26472 )
+//nssv_DISABLE_CLANG_WARNINGS( "-Wuser-defined-literals" )
+//nssv_DISABLE_GNUC_WARNINGS( -Wliteral-suffix )
+
+namespace nonstd { namespace sv_lite {
+
+#if nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+
+namespace detail {
+
+#if nssv_CPP14_OR_GREATER
+
+template< typename CharT >
+inline constexpr std::size_t length( CharT * s, std::size_t result = 0 )
+{
+    CharT * v = s;
+    std::size_t r = result;
+    while ( *v != '\0' ) {
+       ++v;
+       ++r;
+    }
+    return r;
+}
+
+#else // nssv_CPP14_OR_GREATER
+
+// Expect tail call optimization to make length() non-recursive:
+
+template< typename CharT >
+inline constexpr std::size_t length( CharT * s, std::size_t result = 0 )
+{
+    return *s == '\0' ? result : length( s + 1, result + 1 );
+}
+
+#endif // nssv_CPP14_OR_GREATER
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+#endif // nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+
+template
+<
+    class CharT,
+    class Traits = std::char_traits<CharT>
+>
+class basic_string_view;
+
+//
+// basic_string_view:
+//
+
+template
+<
+    class CharT,
+    class Traits /* = std::char_traits<CharT> */
+>
+class basic_string_view
+{
+public:
+    // Member types:
+
+    typedef Traits traits_type;
+    typedef CharT  value_type;
+
+    typedef CharT       * pointer;
+    typedef CharT const * const_pointer;
+    typedef CharT       & reference;
+    typedef CharT const & const_reference;
+
+    typedef const_pointer iterator;
+    typedef const_pointer const_iterator;
+    typedef std::reverse_iterator< const_iterator > reverse_iterator;
+    typedef	std::reverse_iterator< const_iterator > const_reverse_iterator;
+
+    typedef std::size_t     size_type;
+    typedef std::ptrdiff_t  difference_type;
+
+    // 24.4.2.1 Construction and assignment:
+
+    nssv_constexpr basic_string_view() nssv_noexcept
+        : data_( nssv_nullptr )
+        , size_( 0 )
+    {}
+
+#if nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+    nssv_constexpr basic_string_view( basic_string_view const & other ) nssv_noexcept = default;
+#else
+    nssv_constexpr basic_string_view( basic_string_view const & other ) nssv_noexcept
+        : data_( other.data_)
+        , size_( other.size_)
+    {}
+#endif
+
+    nssv_constexpr basic_string_view( CharT const * s, size_type count ) nssv_noexcept // non-standard noexcept
+        : data_( s )
+        , size_( count )
+    {}
+
+    nssv_constexpr basic_string_view( CharT const * s) nssv_noexcept // non-standard noexcept
+        : data_( s )
+#if nssv_CPP17_OR_GREATER
+        , size_( Traits::length(s) )
+#elif nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+        , size_( detail::length(s) )
+#else
+        , size_( Traits::length(s) )
+#endif
+    {}
+
+    // Assignment:
+
+#if nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+    nssv_constexpr14 basic_string_view & operator=( basic_string_view const & other ) nssv_noexcept = default;
+#else
+    nssv_constexpr14 basic_string_view & operator=( basic_string_view const & other ) nssv_noexcept
+    {
+        data_ = other.data_;
+        size_ = other.size_;
+        return *this;
+    }
+#endif
+
+    // 24.4.2.2 Iterator support:
+
+    nssv_constexpr const_iterator begin()  const nssv_noexcept { return data_;         }
+    nssv_constexpr const_iterator end()    const nssv_noexcept { return data_ + size_; }
+
+    nssv_constexpr const_iterator cbegin() const nssv_noexcept { return begin(); }
+    nssv_constexpr const_iterator cend()   const nssv_noexcept { return end();   }
+
+    nssv_constexpr const_reverse_iterator rbegin()  const nssv_noexcept { return const_reverse_iterator( end() );   }
+    nssv_constexpr const_reverse_iterator rend()    const nssv_noexcept { return const_reverse_iterator( begin() ); }
+
+    nssv_constexpr const_reverse_iterator crbegin() const nssv_noexcept { return rbegin(); }
+    nssv_constexpr const_reverse_iterator crend()   const nssv_noexcept { return rend();   }
+
+    // 24.4.2.3 Capacity:
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type size()     const nssv_noexcept { return size_; }
+    nssv_constexpr size_type length()   const nssv_noexcept { return size_; }
+    nssv_constexpr size_type max_size() const nssv_noexcept { return (std::numeric_limits< size_type >::max)(); }
+
+    // since C++20
+    nssv_nodiscard nssv_constexpr bool empty() const nssv_noexcept
+    {
+        return 0 == size_;
+    }
+
+    // 24.4.2.4 Element access:
+
+    nssv_constexpr const_reference operator[]( size_type pos ) const
+    {
+        return data_at( pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 const_reference at( size_type pos ) const
+    {
+#if nssv_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+        assert( pos < size() );
+#else
+        if ( pos >= size() )
+        {
+            throw std::out_of_range("nonstd::string_view::at()");
+        }
+#endif
+        return data_at( pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr const_reference front() const { return data_at( 0 );          }
+    nssv_constexpr const_reference back()  const { return data_at( size() - 1 ); }
+
+    nssv_constexpr const_pointer   data()  const nssv_noexcept { return data_; }
+
+    // 24.4.2.5 Modifiers:
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 void remove_prefix( size_type n )
+    {
+        assert( n <= size() );
+        data_ += n;
+        size_ -= n;
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 void remove_suffix( size_type n )
+    {
+        assert( n <= size() );
+        size_ -= n;
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 void swap( basic_string_view & other ) nssv_noexcept
+    {
+        using std::swap;
+        swap( data_, other.data_ );
+        swap( size_, other.size_ );
+    }
+
+    // 24.4.2.6 String operations:
+
+    size_type copy( CharT * dest, size_type n, size_type pos = 0 ) const
+    {
+#if nssv_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+        assert( pos <= size() );
+#else
+        if ( pos > size() )
+        {
+            throw std::out_of_range("nonstd::string_view::copy()");
+        }
+#endif
+        const size_type rlen = (std::min)( n, size() - pos );
+
+        (void) Traits::copy( dest, data() + pos, rlen );
+
+        return rlen;
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 basic_string_view substr( size_type pos = 0, size_type n = npos ) const
+    {
+#if nssv_CONFIG_NO_EXCEPTIONS
+        assert( pos <= size() );
+#else
+        if ( pos > size() )
+        {
+            throw std::out_of_range("nonstd::string_view::substr()");
+        }
+#endif
+        return basic_string_view( data() + pos, (std::min)( n, size() - pos ) );
+    }
+
+    // compare(), 6x:
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 int compare( basic_string_view other ) const nssv_noexcept // (1)
+    {
+        if ( const int result = Traits::compare( data(), other.data(), (std::min)( size(), other.size() ) ) )
+        {
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        return size() == other.size() ? 0 : size() < other.size() ? -1 : 1;
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr int compare( size_type pos1, size_type n1, basic_string_view other ) const // (2)
+    {
+        return substr( pos1, n1 ).compare( other );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr int compare( size_type pos1, size_type n1, basic_string_view other, size_type pos2, size_type n2 ) const // (3)
+    {
+        return substr( pos1, n1 ).compare( other.substr( pos2, n2 ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr int compare( CharT const * s ) const // (4)
+    {
+        return compare( basic_string_view( s ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr int compare( size_type pos1, size_type n1, CharT const * s ) const // (5)
+    {
+        return substr( pos1, n1 ).compare( basic_string_view( s ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr int compare( size_type pos1, size_type n1, CharT const * s, size_type n2 ) const // (6)
+    {
+        return substr( pos1, n1 ).compare( basic_string_view( s, n2 ) );
+    }
+
+    // 24.4.2.7 Searching:
+
+    // starts_with(), 3x, since C++20:
+
+    nssv_constexpr bool starts_with( basic_string_view v ) const nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+    {
+        return size() >= v.size() && compare( 0, v.size(), v ) == 0;
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr bool starts_with( CharT c ) const nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+    {
+        return starts_with( basic_string_view( &c, 1 ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr bool starts_with( CharT const * s ) const  // (3)
+    {
+        return starts_with( basic_string_view( s ) );
+    }
+
+    // ends_with(), 3x, since C++20:
+
+    nssv_constexpr bool ends_with( basic_string_view v ) const nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+    {
+        return size() >= v.size() && compare( size() - v.size(), npos, v ) == 0;
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr bool ends_with( CharT c ) const nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+    {
+        return ends_with( basic_string_view( &c, 1 ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr bool ends_with( CharT const * s ) const  // (3)
+    {
+        return ends_with( basic_string_view( s ) );
+    }
+
+    // find(), 4x:
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 size_type find( basic_string_view v, size_type pos = 0 ) const nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+    {
+        return assert( v.size() == 0 || v.data() != nssv_nullptr )
+            , pos >= size()
+            ? npos
+            : to_pos( std::search( cbegin() + pos, cend(), v.cbegin(), v.cend(), Traits::eq ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 size_type find( CharT c, size_type pos = 0 ) const nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+    {
+        return find( basic_string_view( &c, 1 ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 size_type find( CharT const * s, size_type pos, size_type n ) const  // (3)
+    {
+        return find( basic_string_view( s, n ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 size_type find( CharT const * s, size_type pos = 0 ) const  // (4)
+    {
+        return find( basic_string_view( s ), pos );
+    }
+
+    // rfind(), 4x:
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 size_type rfind( basic_string_view v, size_type pos = npos ) const nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+    {
+        if ( size() < v.size() )
+        {
+            return npos;
+        }
+
+        if ( v.empty() )
+        {
+            return (std::min)( size(), pos );
+        }
+
+        const_iterator last   = cbegin() + (std::min)( size() - v.size(), pos ) + v.size();
+        const_iterator result = std::find_end( cbegin(), last, v.cbegin(), v.cend(), Traits::eq );
+
+        return result != last ? size_type( result - cbegin() ) : npos;
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 size_type rfind( CharT c, size_type pos = npos ) const nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+    {
+        return rfind( basic_string_view( &c, 1 ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 size_type rfind( CharT const * s, size_type pos, size_type n ) const  // (3)
+    {
+        return rfind( basic_string_view( s, n ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr14 size_type rfind( CharT const * s, size_type pos = npos ) const  // (4)
+    {
+        return rfind( basic_string_view( s ), pos );
+    }
+
+    // find_first_of(), 4x:
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_first_of( basic_string_view v, size_type pos = 0 ) const nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+    {
+        return pos >= size()
+            ? npos
+            : to_pos( std::find_first_of( cbegin() + pos, cend(), v.cbegin(), v.cend(), Traits::eq ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_first_of( CharT c, size_type pos = 0 ) const nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+    {
+        return find_first_of( basic_string_view( &c, 1 ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_first_of( CharT const * s, size_type pos, size_type n ) const  // (3)
+    {
+        return find_first_of( basic_string_view( s, n ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_first_of(  CharT const * s, size_type pos = 0 ) const  // (4)
+    {
+        return find_first_of( basic_string_view( s ), pos );
+    }
+
+    // find_last_of(), 4x:
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_last_of( basic_string_view v, size_type pos = npos ) const nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+    {
+        return empty()
+            ? npos
+            : pos >= size()
+            ? find_last_of( v, size() - 1 )
+            : to_pos( std::find_first_of( const_reverse_iterator( cbegin() + pos + 1 ), crend(), v.cbegin(), v.cend(), Traits::eq ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_last_of( CharT c, size_type pos = npos ) const nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+    {
+        return find_last_of( basic_string_view( &c, 1 ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_last_of( CharT const * s, size_type pos, size_type count ) const  // (3)
+    {
+        return find_last_of( basic_string_view( s, count ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_last_of( CharT const * s, size_type pos = npos ) const  // (4)
+    {
+        return find_last_of( basic_string_view( s ), pos );
+    }
+
+    // find_first_not_of(), 4x:
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_first_not_of( basic_string_view v, size_type pos = 0 ) const nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+    {
+        return pos >= size()
+            ? npos
+            : to_pos( std::find_if( cbegin() + pos, cend(), not_in_view( v ) ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_first_not_of( CharT c, size_type pos = 0 ) const nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+    {
+        return find_first_not_of( basic_string_view( &c, 1 ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_first_not_of( CharT const * s, size_type pos, size_type count ) const  // (3)
+    {
+        return find_first_not_of( basic_string_view( s, count ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_first_not_of( CharT const * s, size_type pos = 0 ) const  // (4)
+    {
+        return find_first_not_of( basic_string_view( s ), pos );
+    }
+
+    // find_last_not_of(), 4x:
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_last_not_of( basic_string_view v, size_type pos = npos ) const nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+    {
+        return empty()
+            ? npos
+            : pos >= size()
+            ? find_last_not_of( v, size() - 1 )
+            : to_pos( std::find_if( const_reverse_iterator( cbegin() + pos + 1 ), crend(), not_in_view( v ) ) );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_last_not_of( CharT c, size_type pos = npos ) const nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+    {
+        return find_last_not_of( basic_string_view( &c, 1 ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_last_not_of( CharT const * s, size_type pos, size_type count ) const  // (3)
+    {
+        return find_last_not_of( basic_string_view( s, count ), pos );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type find_last_not_of( CharT const * s, size_type pos = npos ) const  // (4)
+    {
+        return find_last_not_of( basic_string_view( s ), pos );
+    }
+
+    // Constants:
+
+#if nssv_CPP17_OR_GREATER
+    static nssv_constexpr size_type npos = size_type(-1);
+#elif nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+    enum : size_type { npos = size_type(-1) };
+#else
+    enum { npos = size_type(-1) };
+#endif
+
+private:
+    struct not_in_view
+    {
+        const basic_string_view v;
+
+        nssv_constexpr explicit not_in_view( basic_string_view v ) : v( v ) {}
+
+        nssv_constexpr bool operator()( CharT c ) const
+        {
+            return npos == v.find_first_of( c );
+        }
+    };
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type to_pos( const_iterator it ) const
+    {
+        return it == cend() ? npos : size_type( it - cbegin() );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr size_type to_pos( const_reverse_iterator it ) const
+    {
+        return it == crend() ? npos : size_type( crend() - it - 1 );
+    }
+
+    nssv_constexpr const_reference data_at( size_type pos ) const
+    {
+#if nssv_BETWEEN( nssv_COMPILER_GNUC_VERSION, 1, 500 )
+        return data_[pos];
+#else
+        return assert( pos < size() ), data_[pos];
+#endif
+    }
+
+private:
+    const_pointer data_;
+    size_type     size_;
+
+public:
+#if nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_CLASS_METHODS
+
+    template< class Allocator >
+    basic_string_view( std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator> const & s ) nssv_noexcept
+        : data_( s.data() )
+        , size_( s.size() )
+    {}
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_EXPLICIT_CONVERSION
+
+    template< class Allocator >
+    explicit operator std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>() const
+    {
+        return to_string( Allocator() );
+    }
+
+#endif // nssv_HAVE_EXPLICIT_CONVERSION
+
+#if nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+
+    template< class Allocator = std::allocator<CharT> >
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
+    to_string( Allocator const & a = Allocator() ) const
+    {
+        return std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>( begin(), end(), a );
+    }
+
+#else
+
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits>
+    to_string() const
+    {
+        return std::basic_string<CharT, Traits>( begin(), end() );
+    }
+
+    template< class Allocator >
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
+    to_string( Allocator const & a ) const
+    {
+        return std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>( begin(), end(), a );
+    }
+
+#endif // nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+
+#endif // nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_CLASS_METHODS
+};
+
+//
+// Non-member functions:
+//
+
+// 24.4.3 Non-member comparison functions:
+// lexicographically compare two string views (function template):
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator== (
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) == 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator!= (
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) != 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator< (
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) < 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<= (
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) <= 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator> (
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) > 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>= (
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) >= 0 ; }
+
+// Let S be basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>, and sv be an instance of S.
+// Implementations shall provide sufficient additional overloads marked
+// constexpr and noexcept so that an object t with an implicit conversion
+// to S can be compared according to Table 67.
+
+#if ! nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER || nssv_BETWEEN( nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION, 100, 141 )
+
+// accomodate for older compilers:
+
+// ==
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator==(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    char const * rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) == 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator==(
+    char const * lhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) == 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator==(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.size() == rhs.size() && lhs.compare( rhs ) == 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator==(
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.size() == rhs.size() && lhs.compare( rhs ) == 0; }
+
+// !=
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator!=(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    char const * rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) != 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator!=(
+    char const * lhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) != 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator!=(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.size() != rhs.size() && lhs.compare( rhs ) != 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator!=(
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.size() != rhs.size() || rhs.compare( lhs ) != 0; }
+
+// <
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    char const * rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) < 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<(
+    char const * lhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) > 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) < 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<(
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) > 0; }
+
+// <=
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<=(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    char const * rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) <= 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<=(
+    char const * lhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) >= 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<=(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) <= 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<=(
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) >= 0; }
+
+// >
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    char const * rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) > 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>(
+    char const * lhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) < 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) > 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>(
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) < 0; }
+
+// >=
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>=(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    char const * rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) >= 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>=(
+    char const * lhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) <= 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>=(
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) >= 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits>
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>=(
+    std::basic_string<CharT, Traits> rhs,
+    basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> lhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return rhs.compare( lhs ) <= 0; }
+
+#else // newer compilers:
+
+#define nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I(T,U)  typename std::decay< basic_string_view<T,U> >::type
+
+#if nssv_BETWEEN( nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION, 140, 150 )
+# define nssv_MSVC_ORDER(x)  , int=x
+#else
+# define nssv_MSVC_ORDER(x)  /*, int=x*/
+#endif
+
+// ==
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(1) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator==(
+         basic_string_view  <CharT, Traits> lhs,
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I(CharT, Traits) rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) == 0; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(2) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator==(
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I(CharT, Traits) lhs,
+         basic_string_view  <CharT, Traits> rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.size() == rhs.size() && lhs.compare( rhs ) == 0; }
+
+// !=
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(1) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator!= (
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > lhs,
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.size() != rhs.size() || lhs.compare( rhs ) != 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(2) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator!= (
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) lhs,
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) != 0 ; }
+
+// <
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(1) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator< (
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > lhs,
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) < 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(2) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator< (
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) lhs,
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) < 0 ; }
+
+// <=
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(1) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<= (
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > lhs,
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) <= 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(2) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator<= (
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) lhs,
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) <= 0 ; }
+
+// >
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(1) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator> (
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > lhs,
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) > 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(2) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator> (
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) lhs,
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) > 0 ; }
+
+// >=
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(1) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>= (
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > lhs,
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) >= 0 ; }
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits  nssv_MSVC_ORDER(2) >
+nssv_constexpr bool operator>= (
+    nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I( CharT, Traits ) lhs,
+         basic_string_view  < CharT, Traits > rhs ) nssv_noexcept
+{ return lhs.compare( rhs ) >= 0 ; }
+
+#undef nssv_MSVC_ORDER
+#undef nssv_BASIC_STRING_VIEW_I
+
+#endif // compiler-dependent approach to comparisons
+
+// 24.4.4 Inserters and extractors:
+
+namespace detail {
+
+template< class Stream >
+void write_padding( Stream & os, std::streamsize n )
+{
+    for ( std::streamsize i = 0; i < n; ++i )
+        os.rdbuf()->sputc( os.fill() );
+}
+
+template< class Stream, class View >
+Stream & write_to_stream( Stream & os, View const & sv )
+{
+    typename Stream::sentry sentry( os );
+
+    if ( !os )
+        return os;
+
+    const std::streamsize length = static_cast<std::streamsize>( sv.length() );
+
+    // Whether, and how, to pad:
+    const bool      pad = ( length < os.width() );
+    const bool left_pad = pad && ( os.flags() & std::ios_base::adjustfield ) == std::ios_base::right;
+
+    if ( left_pad )
+        write_padding( os, os.width() - length );
+
+    // Write span characters:
+    os.rdbuf()->sputn( sv.begin(), length );
+
+    if ( pad && !left_pad )
+        write_padding( os, os.width() - length );
+
+    // Reset output stream width:
+    os.width( 0 );
+
+    return os;
+}
+
+} // namespace detail
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits >
+std::basic_ostream<CharT, Traits> &
+operator<<(
+    std::basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os,
+    basic_string_view <CharT, Traits> sv )
+{
+    return detail::write_to_stream( os, sv );
+}
+
+// Several typedefs for common character types are provided:
+
+typedef basic_string_view<char>      string_view;
+typedef basic_string_view<wchar_t>   wstring_view;
+#if nssv_HAVE_WCHAR16_T
+typedef basic_string_view<char16_t>  u16string_view;
+typedef basic_string_view<char32_t>  u32string_view;
+#endif
+
+}} // namespace nonstd::sv_lite
+
+//
+// 24.4.6 Suffix for basic_string_view literals:
+//
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_USER_DEFINED_LITERALS
+
+namespace nonstd {
+nssv_inline_ns namespace literals {
+nssv_inline_ns namespace string_view_literals {
+
+#if nssv_CONFIG_STD_SV_OPERATOR && nssv_HAVE_STD_DEFINED_LITERALS
+
+nssv_constexpr nonstd::sv_lite::string_view operator "" sv( const char* str, size_t len ) nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+{
+    return nonstd::sv_lite::string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+nssv_constexpr nonstd::sv_lite::u16string_view operator "" sv( const char16_t* str, size_t len ) nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+{
+    return nonstd::sv_lite::u16string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+nssv_constexpr nonstd::sv_lite::u32string_view operator "" sv( const char32_t* str, size_t len ) nssv_noexcept  // (3)
+{
+    return nonstd::sv_lite::u32string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+nssv_constexpr nonstd::sv_lite::wstring_view operator "" sv( const wchar_t* str, size_t len ) nssv_noexcept  // (4)
+{
+    return nonstd::sv_lite::wstring_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+#endif // nssv_CONFIG_STD_SV_OPERATOR && nssv_HAVE_STD_DEFINED_LITERALS
+
+#if nssv_CONFIG_USR_SV_OPERATOR
+
+nssv_constexpr nonstd::sv_lite::string_view operator "" _sv( const char* str, size_t len ) nssv_noexcept  // (1)
+{
+    return nonstd::sv_lite::string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+nssv_constexpr nonstd::sv_lite::u16string_view operator "" _sv( const char16_t* str, size_t len ) nssv_noexcept  // (2)
+{
+    return nonstd::sv_lite::u16string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+nssv_constexpr nonstd::sv_lite::u32string_view operator "" _sv( const char32_t* str, size_t len ) nssv_noexcept  // (3)
+{
+    return nonstd::sv_lite::u32string_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+nssv_constexpr nonstd::sv_lite::wstring_view operator "" _sv( const wchar_t* str, size_t len ) nssv_noexcept  // (4)
+{
+    return nonstd::sv_lite::wstring_view{ str, len };
+}
+
+#endif // nssv_CONFIG_USR_SV_OPERATOR
+
+}}} // namespace nonstd::literals::string_view_literals
+
+#endif
+
+//
+// Extensions for std::string:
+//
+
+#if nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_FREE_FUNCTIONS
+
+namespace nonstd {
+namespace sv_lite {
+
+// Exclude MSVC 14 (19.00): it yields ambiguous to_string():
+
+#if nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER && nssv_COMPILER_MSVC_VERSION != 140
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator = std::allocator<CharT> >
+std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
+to_string( basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> v, Allocator const & a = Allocator() )
+{
+    return std::basic_string<CharT,Traits, Allocator>( v.begin(), v.end(), a );
+}
+
+#else
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits >
+std::basic_string<CharT, Traits>
+to_string( basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> v )
+{
+    return std::basic_string<CharT, Traits>( v.begin(), v.end() );
+}
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator >
+std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>
+to_string( basic_string_view<CharT, Traits> v, Allocator const & a )
+{
+    return std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator>( v.begin(), v.end(), a );
+}
+
+#endif // nssv_CPP11_OR_GREATER
+
+template< class CharT, class Traits, class Allocator >
+basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>
+to_string_view( std::basic_string<CharT, Traits, Allocator> const & s )
+{
+    return basic_string_view<CharT, Traits>( s.data(), s.size() );
+}
+
+}} // namespace nonstd::sv_lite
+
+#endif // nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_FREE_FUNCTIONS
+
+//
+// make types and algorithms available in namespace nonstd:
+//
+
+namespace nonstd {
+
+using sv_lite::basic_string_view;
+using sv_lite::string_view;
+using sv_lite::wstring_view;
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_WCHAR16_T
+using sv_lite::u16string_view;
+#endif
+#if nssv_HAVE_WCHAR32_T
+using sv_lite::u32string_view;
+#endif
+
+// literal "sv"
+
+using sv_lite::operator==;
+using sv_lite::operator!=;
+using sv_lite::operator<;
+using sv_lite::operator<=;
+using sv_lite::operator>;
+using sv_lite::operator>=;
+
+using sv_lite::operator<<;
+
+#if nssv_CONFIG_CONVERSION_STD_STRING_FREE_FUNCTIONS
+using sv_lite::to_string;
+using sv_lite::to_string_view;
+#endif
+
+} // namespace nonstd
+
+// 24.4.5 Hash support (C++11):
+
+// Note: The hash value of a string view object is equal to the hash value of
+// the corresponding string object.
+
+#if nssv_HAVE_STD_HASH
+
+#include <functional>
+
+namespace std {
+
+template<>
+struct hash< nonstd::string_view >
+{
+public:
+    std::size_t operator()( nonstd::string_view v ) const nssv_noexcept
+    {
+        return std::hash<std::string>()( std::string( v.data(), v.size() ) );
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct hash< nonstd::wstring_view >
+{
+public:
+    std::size_t operator()( nonstd::wstring_view v ) const nssv_noexcept
+    {
+        return std::hash<std::wstring>()( std::wstring( v.data(), v.size() ) );
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct hash< nonstd::u16string_view >
+{
+public:
+    std::size_t operator()( nonstd::u16string_view v ) const nssv_noexcept
+    {
+        return std::hash<std::u16string>()( std::u16string( v.data(), v.size() ) );
+    }
+};
+
+template<>
+struct hash< nonstd::u32string_view >
+{
+public:
+    std::size_t operator()( nonstd::u32string_view v ) const nssv_noexcept
+    {
+        return std::hash<std::u32string>()( std::u32string( v.data(), v.size() ) );
+    }
+};
+
+} // namespace std
+
+#endif // nssv_HAVE_STD_HASH
+
+nssv_RESTORE_WARNINGS()
+
+#endif // nssv_HAVE_STD_STRING_VIEW
+#endif // NONSTD_SV_LITE_H_INCLUDED