rio 0.4.0 → 0.4.1
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- data/COPYING +1 -0
- data/README +11 -9
- data/Rakefile +1 -1
- data/doc/#RIOIS# +216 -0
- data/doc/ANNOUNCE +22 -16
- data/doc/RELEASE_NOTES +14 -7
- data/lib/rio/doc/EXAMPLES.rb +2 -2
- data/lib/rio/doc/INTRO.rb +0 -2
- data/lib/rio/doc/OPTIONAL.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/rio/doc/SYNOPSIS.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/rio/factory.rb +1 -0
- data/lib/rio/ftp/fs.rb +2 -1
- data/lib/rio/ftp/ftpfile.rb +20 -20
- data/lib/rio/if/grande.rb +16 -10
- data/lib/rio/if/test.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/rio/ops/construct.rb +13 -12
- data/lib/rio/ops/dir.rb +2 -1
- data/lib/rio/rl/fs2url.rb +2 -2
- data/lib/rio/rl/path.rb +1 -0
- data/lib/rio/rl/uri.rb +4 -0
- data/lib/rio/rl/withpath.rb +1 -0
- data/lib/rio/scheme/ftp.rb +46 -3
- data/lib/rio/uri/file.rb +16 -6
- data/lib/rio/version.rb +1 -1
- data/test/ftp/anon_copy_data.rb +36 -0
- data/test/ftp/testdef.rb +5 -4
- data/test/http/all.rb +1 -0
- data/test/http/copy-from-http.rb +2 -1
- data/test/http/uri-meta.rb +72 -0
- data/test/lib/temp_server.rb +3 -1
- data/test/runalltests.rb +2 -2
- data/test/runftptests.rb +1 -1
- data/test/runhttp.rb +1 -2
- metadata +5 -312
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/Kernel.html +0 -133
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/Kernel.src/M000233.html +0 -18
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO.html +0 -625
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO.src/M000001.html +0 -18
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO.src/M000002.html +0 -18
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO.src/M000003.html +0 -18
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc.html +0 -148
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/EXAMPLES.html +0 -432
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/HOWTO.html +0 -1075
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/INDEX.html +0 -368
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/INTRO.html +0 -1533
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/OPTIONAL.html +0 -221
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/Doc/SYNOPSIS.html +0 -337
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF.html +0 -165
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/CSV.html +0 -203
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/CSV.src/M000116.html +0 -19
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/CSV.src/M000117.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/CSV.src/M000118.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.html +0 -343
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000045.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000046.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000047.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000048.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000049.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000050.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Dir.src/M000051.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.html +0 -223
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.src/M000212.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.src/M000213.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.src/M000214.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/File.src/M000215.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.html +0 -572
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000155.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000156.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000157.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000158.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000159.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000160.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000161.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000162.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000163.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000164.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000165.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/FileOrDir.src/M000166.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Grande.html +0 -1349
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Grande.src/M000088.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Grande.src/M000089.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Grande.src/M000090.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Grande.src/M000091.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Grande.src/M000092.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Grande.src/M000094.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeEntry.html +0 -810
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeEntry.src/M000107.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeEntry.src/M000109.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeEntry.src/M000110.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeEntry.src/M000111.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeEntry.src/M000113.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeEntry.src/M000114.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeEntry.src/M000115.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.html +0 -1513
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000052.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000053.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000054.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000057.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000058.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000059.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000060.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000061.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000062.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000063.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000064.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000065.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000066.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000067.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000068.html +0 -19
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000069.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000080.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000081.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000082.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000084.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000086.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/GrandeStream.src/M000087.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.html +0 -999
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000180.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000181.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000182.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000184.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000185.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000186.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000188.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000189.html +0 -16
- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000190.html +0 -16
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- data/doc/rdoc/classes/RIO/IF/Path.src/M000196.html +0 -16
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This uses IO#readlines to read the lines of ‘afile’ into an
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array.
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</p>
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<h3>Creating a Rio</h3>
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<p>
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Rio extends the module <a href="../../Kernel.html">Kernel</a> by adding one
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function <tt>rio</tt>, which acts as a constructor returning a Rio. This
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constructor builds a description of the resource the Rio will access
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(usually a path). It does not open the resource, check for its existance,
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or do anything except remember its specifcation. <em>rio</em> returns the
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Rio which can be chained to a Rio method as in this example or stored in a
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variable. This coud have been written
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</p>
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<pre>
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ario = rio('afile')
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array = ario.readlines
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ario = rio('afile')
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</pre>
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<p>
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In this case the resource specified is a relative path. After the first
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line the Rio does know or care whether it is a path to a file nor whether
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it exists. Rio provides many methods that only deal with a resource at this
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level, much as the standard library classes Pathname and URI. It should be
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noted at this point that Rio paths stored internally as a URL as specified
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in RFC 1738 and therefore use slashes as separators. A resource can also be
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specified without separators, because <em>rio</em> interprets multiple
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arguments as parts of a path to be joined, and an array as an array of
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parts to be joined. So the following all specify the same resource.
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</p>
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<pre>
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rio('adir/afile')
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rio('adir','afile')
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rio(%w/adir afile/)
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</pre>
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<p>
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The rio constructor can be used to specify non-file-system resources, but
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for this example we will restrict our discussion to paths to entities on
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file-systems.
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</p>
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<pre>
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array = ario.readlines
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</pre>
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<p>
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Now that we have a Rio, we can call one of its methods; in this case
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<em>readlines</em>. This is an example of using a Rio as a proxy for the
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builtin IO#readlines. Given the method <em>readlines</em>, the Rio opens
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‘afile’ for reading, calls readlines on the resulting IO
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object, closes the IO object, and returns the lines read.
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</p>
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<h2>Example 2</h2>
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<pre>
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rio('afile') > rio('acopy')
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</pre>
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<p>
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This copies the file ‘afile’ into the file ‘acopy’.
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</p>
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<p>
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The first things that happen here are the creation of the Rios. As
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described in Example 1, when created a Rio simply remembers the
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specifcation of its resource. In this case, a relative path
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‘afile’ on the left and a relative path ‘acopy’ on
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the right.
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</p>
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<p>
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Next the Rio#> (copy-to) method is called on the ‘afile’ Rio
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with the ‘acopy’ Rio as its argument. If that looks like a
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greater-than operator to you, think Unix shell, with Rios
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’>’ is the copy-to operator.
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</p>
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<p>
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Upon seeing the copy-to operator, the Rio has all the information it needs
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to proceed. It determines that it must be opened for reading, that its
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argument must be opened for writing, and that it’s contents must be
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copied to the resource referenced by it’ argument — and that is
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what it does. Then it closes itself and its argument.
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</p>
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<p>
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Consider if we had written this example this way.
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</p>
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<pre>
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afile = rio('afile')
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acopy = rio('acopy')
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afile > acopy
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</pre>
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<p>
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In this case we would still have variables referencing the Rios, and
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perhaps we would like do things a little differently than described above.
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Be assured that the selection of mode and automatic closing of files are
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the default behaviour and can be changed. Say we wanted ‘afile’
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to remain open so that we could rewind it and make a second copy, we might
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do something like this:
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</p>
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<pre>
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afile = rio('afile').nocloseoneof
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afile > rio('acopy1')
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afile.rewind > rio('acopy2')
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afile.close
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</pre>
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<p>
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Actually the ‘thinking process’ of the Rio when it sees a
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copy-to operator is much more complex than that described above. If its
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argument had been a rio referencing a directory, it would not have opened
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itself for reading, but instead used FileUtils#cp to copy itself; if its
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argument had been a string, its contents would have ended up in the string;
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If its argument had been an array, its lines would been elements of that
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array; if its argument had been a socket, the its contents would have been
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copied to the socket. See the documentation for details.
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</p>
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<h2>Example 3.</h2>
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<pre>
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array = rio('afile').chomp.lines[0...10]
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</pre>
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<p>
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This fills <tt>array</tt> with the first ten lines of ‘afile’,
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with each line chomped
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</p>
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<p>
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The casual observer mentioned above might think that <tt>lines</tt> returns
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an array of lines and that this is a simple rewording of <tt>array = <a
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href="http://0...10">rio('afile').readlines</a></tt> or even of <tt>array =
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<a href="http://0...10">File.new('afile').readlines</a></tt>. They would be
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wrong.
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</p>
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<p>
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<tt>chomp</tt> is a configuration method which turns on chomp-mode and
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returns the Rio. Chomp-mode causes all line oriented read operations to
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perform a String#chomp on each line
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</p>
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<h3>Reading files</h3>
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<p>
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Rio provides four methods to select which part of the file is read and how
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the file is divided. They are <tt>lines</tt>, <tt>records</tt>,
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<tt>rows</tt> and <tt>bytes</tt>. Briefly, <tt>lines</tt> specifies that
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the file should be read line by line and <tt>bytes(n)</tt> specifies that
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the file should be read in <em>n</em> byte chunks. All four take arguments
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which can be used to filter lines or chunks in or out. For simple Rios
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<tt>records</tt> and <tt>rows</tt> only specify the filter arguments and
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are provided for use be extensions. For example, the CSV extension returns
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an array of the columns in a line when <tt>records</tt> is used. In the
|
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absence of an extension <tt>records</tt> and <tt>rows</tt> behave like
|
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<tt>lines</tt>.
|
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</p>
|
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<p>
|
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First lets rewrite our example as:
|
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</p>
|
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<pre>
|
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array = rio('afile').chomp.lines(0...10).to_a
|
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</pre>
|
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<p>
|
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|
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The arguments to lines specify which records are to be read. Arguments are
|
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|
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interpreted based on their class as follows:
|
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|
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</p>
|
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<ul>
|
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<li>Range - interpreted as a range of record numbers to be read
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|
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|
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|
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</li>
|
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<li>Integer - interpreted as a one-element range
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|
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</li>
|
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<li>RegExp - only matching records are processed
|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
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<li>Symbol - sent to each record, which is processed unless the result is false
|
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|
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or nil
|
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|
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</li>
|
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<li>Proc - called for each record, the record is processed unless the return
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value is false or nil
|
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|
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</li>
|
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|
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</ul>
|
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<p>
|
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|
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See the documentation for details and examples.
|
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|
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</p>
|
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<p>
|
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|
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In our example we have specified the Range (0...10). The <tt>lines</tt>
|
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|
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method is just configuring the Rio, it does not trigger any IO operation.
|
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The fact that it was called and the arguments it was called with are stored
|
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|
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away and the Rio is returned for further configuration or an actual IO
|
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|
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operation. When an IO operation is called the Range will be used to limit
|
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|
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processing to the first ten records. For example:
|
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|
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</p>
|
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|
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<pre>
|
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|
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rio('afile').lines(0...10).each { |line| ... } # block will be called for the first 10 records
|
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|
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rio('afile').lines(0...10).to_a # the first 10 records will be returned in an array
|
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|
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rio('afile').lines(0...10) > rio('acopy') # the first 10 records will be copied to 'acopy'
|
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|
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</pre>
|
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|
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<p>
|
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"But wait", you say, "In our original example the range was
|
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|
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an argument to the subscript operator, not to <tt>lines</tt>". This
|
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works because the subscript operator processes its arguments as if they had
|
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been arguments to the most-recently-called selection method and then calls
|
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|
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<tt>to_a</tt> on the rio. So our rewrite of the example does precisely the
|
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|
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same thing as the original
|
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|
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</p>
|
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<p>
|
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The big difference between the original example and the
|
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casual-observer’s solution is that hers creates an array of the
|
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|
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entire contents and only returns the first 10 while the original only puts
|
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|
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10 records into the array.
|
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</p>
|
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<p>
|
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As a sidenote, Rios also have an optimization that can really help in
|
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certain situations. If records are only selected using Ranges, it stops
|
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iterating when it is beyond the point where it could possibly ever match.
|
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This can make a dramatic difference when one is only interested in the
|
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first few lines of very large files.
|
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</p>
|
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<h2>Example 4.</h2>
|
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|
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<pre>
|
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|
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rio('adir').rename.all.files('*.htm') do |file|
|
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file.ext = '.html'
|
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end
|
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</pre>
|
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<p>
|
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This changes the extension of all .htm files below ‘adir’ to
|
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’.html’
|
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</p>
|
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<p>
|
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First we create the rio as always.
|
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</p>
|
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<p>
|
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Next we process the <tt>rename</tt> method. When used as it is here —
|
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without arguments — it just turns on rename-mode and returns the Rio.
|
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</p>
|
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<p>
|
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<tt>all</tt> is another configuration method, which causes directories to
|
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be processed recursively
|
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|
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</p>
|
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<p>
|
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|
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<tt>files</tt> is another configuration method. In example 3 we used
|
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|
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<tt>lines</tt> to select what to process when iterating through a file.
|
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|
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<tt>files</tt> is used to select what to process when iterating through
|
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|
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directories. The arguments to <tt>files</tt> can be the same as those for
|
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|
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<tt>lines</tt> except that Ranges can not be used and globs can.
|
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|
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</p>
|
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|
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<p>
|
342
|
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In our example, the argument to <tt>files</tt> is a string which is treated
|
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|
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as a glob. As with <tt>lines</tt>, <tt>files</tt> does not trigger any IO,
|
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|
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it just configures the Rio.
|
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|
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</p>
|
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|
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<h3>There’s no action</h3>
|
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|
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<p>
|
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|
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The previous examples had something that triggered IO: <tt>readlines</tt>,
|
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|
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<tt>to_a</tt>, <tt>each</tt>, <tt>> (copy-to)</tt>. This example does
|
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|
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not. This example illustrates Rio’s ‘implied each’. All
|
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|
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the configuration methods will call each for you if a block is given. So,
|
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|
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because a block follows the <tt>files</tt> method, it calls <tt>each</tt>
|
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|
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and passes it the block.
|
354
|
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</p>
|
355
|
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<p>
|
356
|
-
Let’s recap. At this point we have a Rio with a resource specified.
|
357
|
-
We have configured with a couple of modes, ‘rename’, and
|
358
|
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‘all’, and we have limited the elements we want to process to
|
359
|
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entries that are files and match the glob ’*.htm’.
|
360
|
-
<tt>each</tt> causes the Rio to open the directory and call the block for
|
361
|
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each entry that is both a file and matches the glob. It was also configured
|
362
|
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with <tt>all</tt>,so it descends into subdirectories to find further
|
363
|
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matches and calles the block for each of them. The argument passed to the
|
364
|
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block is a Rio referencing the entry on the file-system.
|
365
|
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</p>
|
366
|
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<p>
|
367
|
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The <em>rename_mode</em> we set has had no effect on our iteration at all,
|
368
|
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so why is it there? In general, configuration options that are not
|
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|
-
applicable to a Rio are silently ignored, however, for directories some of
|
370
|
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them are passed on to the Rios for each entry when iterating. Since
|
371
|
-
<tt>rename</tt> is one such option, The example could have been written:
|
372
|
-
</p>
|
373
|
-
<pre>
|
374
|
-
rio('adir').all.files('*.htm') do |file|
|
375
|
-
file.rename.ext = '.html'
|
376
|
-
end
|
377
|
-
</pre>
|
378
|
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<p>
|
379
|
-
The rename-with-no-args method affects the behaviour of the <tt>ext=</tt>
|
380
|
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option. In this case, setting it for the directory, rather than for each
|
381
|
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file in the block seems to make the intent of the code more clear, but that
|
382
|
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is a matter of personal taste. See the documentation for more information
|
383
|
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on the rename-with-no-args method
|
384
|
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</p>
|
385
|
-
<h2>Suggested Reading</h2>
|
386
|
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<ul>
|
387
|
-
<li><a href="SYNOPSIS.html">RIO::Doc::SYNOPSIS</a>
|
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|
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|
389
|
-
</li>
|
390
|
-
<li><a href="INTRO.html">RIO::Doc::INTRO</a>
|
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|
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|
392
|
-
</li>
|
393
|
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<li><a href="HOWTO.html">RIO::Doc::HOWTO</a>
|
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|
-
|
395
|
-
</li>
|
396
|
-
<li><a href="../Rio.html">RIO::Rio</a>
|
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|
-
|
398
|
-
</li>
|
399
|
-
</ul>
|
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|
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|
401
|
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</div>
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<!-- if includes -->
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<div id="section">
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<!-- if method_list -->
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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<div id="validator-badges">
|
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|
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<p><small>Copyright © 2005,2006,2007 Christopher Kleckner. <a href="http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html">All rights reserved</a>.</small></p>
|
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