proj4rb 4.1.0 → 5.0.0

data/lib/proj/pj_object.rb

@@ -1,670 +1,602 @@
-# encoding: UTF-8
-module Proj
-  class PjObject
-    # @!visibility private
-    def self.create_object(pointer, context)
-      unless pointer.null?
-        # Get the proj type
-        type = Api.proj_get_type(pointer)
-
-        # If we can create a derived classes, but we do not want to call their
-        # initializers since we already have a valid PROJ object that we
-        # just have to wrap
-        klass = case type
-                   when :PJ_TYPE_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_GEODETIC_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_GEOCENTRIC_CRS,
-                        :PJ_TYPE_GEOGRAPHIC_2D_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_GEOGRAPHIC_3D_CRS,
-                        :PJ_TYPE_GEOGRAPHIC_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_VERTICAL_CRS,:PJ_TYPE_PROJECTED_CRS,
-                        :PJ_TYPE_COMPOUND_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_TEMPORAL_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_ENGINEERING_CRS,
-                        :PJ_TYPE_BOUND_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_OTHER_CRS
-                     Crs
-                   when :PJ_TYPE_CONVERSION, :PJ_TYPE_OTHER_COORDINATE_OPERATION, :PJ_TYPE_CONCATENATED_OPERATION
-                     Conversion
-                   when :PJ_TYPE_TRANSFORMATION
-                     Transformation
-                   when :PJ_TYPE_TEMPORAL_DATUM, :PJ_TYPE_ENGINEERING_DATUM, :PJ_TYPE_PARAMETRIC_DATUM,
-                        :PJ_TYPE_GEODETIC_REFERENCE_FRAME, :PJ_TYPE_DYNAMIC_GEODETIC_REFERENCE_FRAME,
-                        :PJ_TYPE_VERTICAL_REFERENCE_FRAME, :PJ_TYPE_DYNAMIC_VERTICAL_REFERENCE_FRAME
-                     Datum
-                   when :PJ_TYPE_DATUM_ENSEMBLE
-                     DatumEnsemble
-                   when :PJ_TYPE_ELLIPSOID
-                     Ellipsoid
-                   when :PJ_TYPE_PRIME_MERIDIAN
-                     PrimeMeridian
-                   else
-                     # Return whatever the current class is
-                     self
-                   end
-
-        # Now setup the instance variables
-        result = klass.allocate
-        result.instance_variable_set(:@pointer, pointer)
-        result.instance_variable_set(:@context, context)
-
-        result
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Instantiates an object from a string
-    #
-    # @example
-    #      conversion = Proj::Conversion.create("+proj=helmert")
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_create
-    #
-    # @param value [String] Can be:
-    #  * Proj string
-    #  * WKT string
-    #  * Object code (like "EPSG:4326", "urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326", "urn:ogc:def:coordinateOperation:EPSG::1671"),
-    #  * Object name. e.g "WGS 84", "WGS 84 / UTM zone 31N". In that case as uniqueness is not guaranteed, heuristics are applied to determine the appropriate best match.
-    #  * OGC URN combining references for compound coordinate reference systems (e.g "urn:ogc:def:crs,crs:EPSG::2393,crs:EPSG::5717" or custom abbreviated syntax "EPSG:2393+5717"),
-    #  * OGC URN combining references for concatenated operations (e.g. "urn:ogc:def:coordinateOperation,coordinateOperation:EPSG::3895,coordinateOperation:EPSG::1618")
-    #  * PROJJSON string. The jsonschema is at https://proj.org/schemas/v0.4/projjson.schema.json (added in 6.2)
-    #  * compound CRS made from two object names separated with " + ". e.g. "WGS 84 + EGM96 height" (added in 7.1)
-    #
-    # @return [PjObject] Crs or Transformation
-    def self.create(value, context=nil)
-      ptr = Api.proj_create(context || Context.current, value)
-
-      if ptr.null?
-        Error.check_object(self)
-      end
-
-      create_object(ptr, context)
-    end
-
-    # Instantiates an object from a database lookup
-    #
-    # @example
-    #   crs = Proj::Crs.create_from_database("EPSG", "32631", :PJ_CATEGORY_CRS)
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_create_from_database
-    #
-    # @param auth_name [String] Authority name (must not be nil)
-    # @param code  [String] Object code (must not be nil)
-    # @param category [PJ_CATEGORY] A PJ_CATEGORY enum value
-    # @param use_alternative_grid_names [Boolean] Whether PROJ alternative grid names should be substituted to the official grid names. Only used on transformations. Defaults to false
-    # @param context [Context] Context. If nil the current context is used
-    #
-    # @return [PjObject] Crs or Transformation
-    def self.create_from_database(auth_name, code, category, use_alternative_grid_names = false, context = nil)
-      context ||= Context.current
-      ptr = Api.proj_create_from_database(context, auth_name, code, category,
-                                          use_alternative_grid_names ? 1 : 0, nil)
-
-      if ptr.null?
-        Error.check_context(context)
-      end
-
-      create_object(ptr, context)
-    end
-
-    # Return a list of objects by their name
-    #
-    # @example
-    #   objects = Proj::PjObject.create_from_name("WGS 84", Context.current)
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_create_from_name
-    #
-    # @param name [String] Search value, must be at least two characters
-    # @param context [Context] Context. If nil the current context is used
-    # @param auth_name [String] Authority name or nil for all authorities. Default is nil
-    # @param types [Array<PJ_TYPE>] Types of objects to search for or nil for all types. Default is nil
-    # @param approximate_match  [Boolean] Whether approximate name identification is allowed. Default is false
-    # @param limit [Integer] The maximum number of results to return, use 0 for all results. Default is 0
-    #
-    # @return [PjObjects] Found objects
-    def self.create_from_name(name, context, auth_name: nil, types: nil, approximate_match: false, limit: 0)
-      if types
-        types_ptr = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(Api::PJ_TYPE.native_type, types.size)
-        types_ptr.write_array_of_int(types.map { |symbol| Api::PJ_TYPE[symbol]})
-        types_count = types.size
-      else
-        types_ptr = nil
-        types_count = 0
-      end
-
-      ptr = Api.proj_create_from_name(context, auth_name, name, types_ptr, types_count, approximate_match ? 1 : 0, limit, nil)
-      PjObjects.new(ptr, context)
-    end
-
-    # Instantiates an object from a WKT string.
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_create_from_wkt
-    #
-    # @param wkt [String] WKT string (must not be nil)
-    # @param context [Context] Context. If nil the current context is used
-    # @param strict [Boolean] Enables strict validation will be enabled. Default is false
-    # @param unset_identifiers [Boolean] When enabled object identifiers are unset when there is
-    #                                   a contradiction between the definition from WKT and the one
-    #                                   from the database. Defaults to nil because this option
-    #                                   is only available in Proj 9+
-    #
-    # @return [PjObject] Crs or Transformation
-    def self.create_from_wkt(wkt, context = nil, strict: false, unset_identifiers: nil)
-      out_warnings = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:pointer)
-      out_grammar_errors = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:pointer)
-
-      # @param wkt_type [PJ_WKT_TYPE] WKT version to output. Defaults to PJ_WKT2_2018
-      # @param multiline [Boolean] Specifies if output span multiple lines. Defaults to true.
-      # @param indentation_width [Integer] Specifies the indentation level. Defaults to 4.
-      #
-      # @return [String] wkt
-
-      # Unset
-      options = {"STRICT": strict ? "YES" : "NO"}
-      case unset_identifiers
-      when TrueClass
-        options["UNSET_IDENTIFIERS_IF_INCOMPATIBLE_DEF"] = "YES"
-      when FalseClass
-        options["UNSET_IDENTIFIERS_IF_INCOMPATIBLE_DEF"] = "NO"
-      end
-      options_ptr = create_options_pointer(options)
-
-      ptr = Api.proj_create_from_wkt(context, wkt, options_ptr, out_warnings, out_grammar_errors)
-
-      warnings = Strings.new(out_warnings.read_pointer)
-      errors = Strings.new(out_grammar_errors.read_pointer)
-
-      unless errors.empty?
-        raise(RuntimeError, errors.join(". "))
-      end
-
-      unless warnings.empty?
-        warn(warnings.join(". "))
-      end
-
-      create_object(ptr, context)
-    end
-
-    # @!visibility private
-    def self.finalize(pointer)
-      proc do
-        Api.proj_destroy(pointer)
-      end
-    end
-
-    def initialize(pointer, context=nil)
-      if pointer.null?
-        raise(Error, "Cannot create a PjObject with a null pointer")
-      end
-      @pointer = pointer
-      @context = context
-      ObjectSpace.define_finalizer(self, self.class.finalize(@pointer))
-    end
-
-    def initialize_copy(original)
-      ObjectSpace.undefine_finalizer(self)
-
-      super
-
-      @pointer = Api.proj_clone(original.context, original)
-
-      ObjectSpace.define_finalizer(self, self.class.finalize(@pointer))
-    end
-
-    # Assign a new context to this object
-    #
-    # @param value [Context] The context to assign to this object
-    def context=(value)
-      Api.proj_assign_context(self, value)
-    end
-
-    def to_ptr
-      @pointer
-    end
-
-    def context
-      @context || Context.current
-    end
-
-    def errno
-      Api.proj_errno(self)
-    end
-
-    # Returns whether an object is deprecated
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_is_deprecated
-    #
-    # @return [Boolean] True if the object is deprecated, otherwise false
-    def deprecated?
-      result = Api.proj_is_deprecated(self)
-      result == 1 ? true : false
-    end
-
-    # Return whether two objects are equivalent. For versions 6.3.0 and higher
-    # the check may use using the proj database to check for name aliases
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_is_equivalent_to
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_is_equivalent_to_with_ctx
-    #
-    # @param other [PjObject] Object to compare to
-    # @param comparison [PJ_COMPARISON_CRITERION] Comparison criterion
-    #
-    # @return [Boolean] True if the objects are equivalent, otherwise false
-    def equivalent_to?(other, comparison)
-      result = if defined?(Api.proj_is_equivalent_to_with_ctx)
-                 Api.proj_is_equivalent_to_with_ctx(self.context, self, other, comparison)
-               else
-                 Api.proj_is_equivalent_to(self, other, comparison)
-               end
-      result == 1 ? true : false
-    end
-
-    #  Returns the current error-state of this object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_errno
-    #
-    # @return [Integer] An non-zero error codes indicates an error either with the transformation setup or during a transformation
-    def errorno
-      Api.proj_errno(self)
-    end
-
-    # Get information about this object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
-    #
-    # @return [PJ_PROJ_INFO]
-    def info
-      Api.proj_pj_info(self)
-    end
-
-    # Short ID of the operation the PJ object is based on, that is, what comes after the +proj=
-    # in a proj-string, e.g. "merc".
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
-    #
-    # @return [String]
-    def id
-      self.info[:id]
-    end
-
-    # Long description of the operation the PJ object is based on, e.g. "Mercator Cyl, Sph&Ell lat_ts="
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
-    #
-    # @return [String]
-    def description
-      self.info[:description] ? self.info[:description].force_encoding('UTF-8') : nil
-    end
-
-    # The proj-string that was used to create the PJ object with, e.g. "+proj=merc +lat_0=24 +lon_0=53 +ellps=WGS84"
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
-    #
-    # @return [String]
-    def definition
-      self.info[:definition] ? self.info[:definition].force_encoding('UTF-8') : nil
-    end
-
-    # Returns true if an an inverse mapping of the defined operation exists, otherwise false
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
-    #
-    # @return [Boolean]
-    def has_inverse?
-      self.info[:has_inverse] == 1 ? true : false
-    end
-
-    # Expected accuracy of the transformation. -1 if unknown
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
-    #
-    # @return [Float]
-    def accuracy
-      self.info[:accuracy]
-    end
-
-    # Return the type of an object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_type
-    #
-    # @return [PJ_TYPE]
-    def proj_type
-      Api.proj_get_type(self)
-    end
-
-    # Returns the name of an object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_name
-    #
-    # @return [String]
-    def name
-      Api.proj_get_name(self)&.force_encoding('UTF-8')
-    end
-
-    # Returns the authority name / codespace of an identifier of an object.
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_id_auth_name
-    #
-    # @param index [Integer] Index of the identifier. 0 is for the first identifier. Default is 0.
-    #
-    # @return [String]
-    def auth_name(index=0)
-      Api.proj_get_id_auth_name(self, index)&.force_encoding('UTF-8')
-    end
-
-    # Get the code of an identifier of an object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_id_code
-    #
-    # @param index [Integer] Index of the identifier. 0 is the first identifier. Default is 0
-    #
-    # @return [String] The code or nil in case of error or missing name
-    def id_code(index=0)
-      Api.proj_get_id_code(self, index)
-    end
-
-    # Get the remarks of an object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_remarks
-    #
-    # @return [String] Remarks  or nil in case of error
-    def remarks
-      Api.proj_get_remarks(self)
-    end
-
-    # Get the scope of an object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_scope
-    #
-    # @return [String] Scope or nil in case of error or a missing scope
-    def scope
-      Api.proj_get_scope(self)
-    end
-
-    def auth(index=0)
-      auth_name = self.auth_name(index)
-      code = self.id_code(index)
-
-      if auth_name and code
-        "#{self.auth_name(index)}:#{self.id_code(index)}"
-      elsif auth_name
-        auth_name
-      elsif code
-        code
-      end
-    end
-
-    # Return the area of use of an object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_area_of_use
-    #
-    # @return [Area] In case of multiple usages, this will be the one of first usage.
-    def area_of_use
-      p_name = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:pointer)
-      p_west_lon_degree = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:double)
-      p_south_lat_degree = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:double)
-      p_east_lon_degree = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:double)
-      p_north_lat_degree = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:double)
-
-      result = Api.proj_get_area_of_use(self.context, self,
-                                        p_west_lon_degree, p_south_lat_degree, p_east_lon_degree, p_north_lat_degree,
-                                        p_name)
-      if result != 1
-        Error.check_object(self)
-      end
-
-      name = p_name.read_pointer.read_string_to_null.force_encoding('utf-8')
-      Area.new(west_lon_degree: p_west_lon_degree.read_double,
-               south_lat_degree: p_south_lat_degree.read_double,
-               east_lon_degree: p_east_lon_degree.read_double,
-               north_lat_degree: p_north_lat_degree.read_double,
-               name: name)
-    end
-
-    # Return the base CRS of a BoundCRS or a DerivedCRS/ProjectedCRS, or the source CRS of a
-    # CoordinateOperation, or the CRS of a CoordinateMetadata.
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_source_crs
-    #
-    # @return [Crs]
-    def source_crs
-      ptr = Api.proj_get_source_crs(self.context, self)
-      self.class.create_object(ptr, self.context)
-    end
-
-    # Return the hub CRS of a BoundCRS or the target CRS of a CoordinateOperation
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_target_crs
-    #
-    # @return [Crs]
-    def target_crs
-      ptr = Api.proj_get_target_crs(self.context, self)
-      self.class.create_object(ptr, self.context)
-    end
-
-    # Calculate various cartographic properties, such as scale factors, angular distortion and
-    # meridian convergence. Depending on the underlying projection values will be
-    # calculated either numerically (default) or analytically. The function also calculates
-    # the partial derivatives of the given coordinate.
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_factors
-    #
-    # @param coordinate [Coordinate] Input geodetic coordinate in radians
-    #
-    # @return [PJ_FACTORS]
-    def factors(coordinate)
-      Api.proj_factors(self, coordinate)
-    end
-
-    # Return a list of non-deprecated objects related to the passed one
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_non_deprecated
-    #
-    # @return [Array] Array of objects
-    def non_deprecated
-      ptr = Api.proj_get_non_deprecated(self.context, self)
-      PjObjects.new(ptr, self.context)
-    end
-
-    # Calculate geodesic distance between two points in geodetic coordinates. The calculated distance is between
-    # the two points located on the ellipsoid. Note that the axis order of the transformation object
-    # is not taken into account, so even though a CRS object comes with axis ordering
-    # latitude/longitude coordinates used in this function should be reordered as longitude/latitude.
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_lp_dist
-    #
-    # @param coord1 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point. Must be lat/long in radians
-    # @param coord2 [Coordinate] Coordinate of second point. Must be lat/long in radians
-    #
-    # @return [Float] Distance between the coordinates in meters
-    def lp_distance(coord1, coord2)
-      Api.proj_lp_dist(self, coord1, coord2)
-    end
-
-    # Calculate geodesic distance between two points in geodetic coordinates. Similar to
-    # PjObject#lp_distance but also takes the height above the ellipsoid into account.
-    #
-    # Note that the axis order of the transformation object is not taken into account, so even though
-    # a CRS object comes with axis ordering latitude/longitude coordinates used in this function
-    # should be reordered as longitude/latitude.
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_lpz_dist
-    #
-    # @param coord1 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point. Must be lat/long in radians
-    # @param coord2 [Coordinate] Coordinate of second point. Must be lat/long in radians
-    #
-    # @return [Float] Distance between the coordinates in meters
-    def lpz_distance(coord1, coord2)
-      Api.proj_lpz_dist(self, coord1, coord2)
-    end
-
-    # Calculate the 2-dimensional euclidean between two projected coordinates
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_xy_dist
-    #
-    # @param coord1 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point
-    # @param coord2 [Coordinate] Coordinate of second point
-    #
-    # @return [Float] Distance between the coordinates in meters
-    def xy_distance(coord1, coord2)
-      Api.proj_xy_dist(coord1, coord2)
-    end
-
-    # Calculate the 2-dimensional euclidean between two projected coordinates. Similar to
-    # PjObject#xy_distance but also takes height into account.
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_xyz_dist
-    #
-    # @param coord1 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point
-    # @param coord2 [Coordinate] Coordinate of second point
-    #
-    # @return [Float] Distance between the coordinates in meters
-    def xyz_distance(coord1, coord2)
-      Api.proj_xyz_dist(coord1, coord2)
-    end
-
-    # Calculate the geodesic distance as well as forward and reverse azimuth between two points on the ellipsoid.
-    #
-    # Note that the axis order of the transformation object is not taken into account, so even though
-    # a CRS object comes with axis ordering latitude/longitude coordinates used in this function
-    # should be reordered as longitude/latitude.
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_geod
-    #
-    # @param coord1 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point. Must be lat/long in radians
-    # @param coord2 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point. Must be lat/long in radians
-    #
-    # @return [Coordinate] The first value is the distance between coord1 and coord2 in meters,
-    # the second is the forward azimuth, the third value the reverse azimuth and the fourth value is unused.
-    def geod_distance(coord1, coord2)
-      ptr = Api.proj_geod(self, coord1, coord2)
-      Coordinate.from_coord(ptr)
-    end
-
-    # Returns if an operation expects input in radians
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_angular_input
-    #
-    # @param direction []PJ_DIRECTION] Direction of transformation
-    def angular_input?(direction)
-      result = Api.proj_angular_input(self, direction)
-      result == 1 ? true : false
-    end
-
-    # Check if an operation returns output in radians
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_angular_output
-    #
-    # @param direction []PJ_DIRECTION] Direction of transformation
-    def angular_output?(direction)
-      result = Api.proj_angular_output(self, direction)
-      result == 1 ? true : false
-    end
-
-    # Returns if an operation expects input in degrees
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_degree_input
-    #
-    # @param direction []PJ_DIRECTION] Direction of transformation
-    def degree_input?(direction)
-      result = Api.proj_degree_input(self, direction)
-      result == 1 ? true : false
-    end
-
-    # Check if an operation returns output in degrees
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_degree_output
-    #
-    # @param direction []PJ_DIRECTION] Direction of transformation
-    def degree_output?(direction)
-      result = Api.proj_degree_output(self, direction)
-      result == 1 ? true : false
-    end
-
-    # Returns the proj representation string for this object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_as_proj_string
-    #
-    # @param proj_version [PJ_PROJ_STRING_TYPE] The proj version. Defaults to :PJ_PROJ_5
-    # @param use_approx_tmerc [Boolean] True adds the +approx flag to +proj=tmerc or +proj=utm. Defaults to false
-    # @param multiline [Boolean] Specifies if output span multiple lines. Defaults to false.
-    # @param indentation_width [Integer] Specifies the indentation level. Defaults to 2.
-    # @param max_line_length [Integer] Specifies the max line length level. Defaults to 80.
-    #
-    # @return [String]
-    def to_proj_string(proj_version=:PJ_PROJ_5, use_approx_tmerc: false, multiline: false,
-                                                indentation_width: 2, max_line_length: 80)
-
-      options = {"USE_APPROX_TMERC": use_approx_tmerc ? "YES" : "NO",
-                 "MULTILINE": multiline ? "YES" : "NO",
-                 "INDENTATION_WIDTH": indentation_width,
-                 "MAX_LINE_LENGTH": max_line_length}
-
-      options_ptr = create_options_pointer(options)
-      Api.proj_as_proj_string(self.context, self, proj_version, options_ptr).force_encoding('UTF-8')
-    end
-
-    # Returns the json representation for this object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_as_projjson
-    #
-    # @param multiline [Boolean] Specifies if output span multiple lines. Defaults to true.
-    # @param indentation_width [Integer] Specifies the indentation level. Defaults to 2.
-    #
-    # @return [String]
-    def to_json(multiline: true, indentation_width: 2)
-      options = {"MULTILINE": multiline ? "YES" : "NO",
-                 "INDENTATION_WIDTH": indentation_width}
-
-      options_ptr = create_options_pointer(options)
-      Api.proj_as_projjson(self.context, self, options_ptr).force_encoding('UTF-8')
-    end
-
-    # Returns the wkt representation for this object
-    #
-    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_as_wkt
-    #
-    # @param wkt_type [PJ_WKT_TYPE] WKT version to output. Defaults to PJ_WKT2_2018
-    # @param multiline [Boolean] Specifies if output span multiple lines. Defaults to true.
-    # @param indentation_width [Integer] Specifies the indentation level. Defaults to 4.
-    #
-    # @return [String] wkt
-    def to_wkt(wkt_type=:PJ_WKT2_2019, multiline: true, indentation_width: 4)
-      options = {"MULTILINE": multiline ? "YES" : "NO",
-                 "INDENTATION_WIDTH": indentation_width,
-                 "OUTPUT_AXIS": "AUTO",
-                 "STRICT": "YES",
-                 "ALLOW_ELLIPSOIDAL_HEIGHT_AS_VERTICAL_CRS": "NO"}
-
-      options_ptr = create_options_pointer(options)
-      result = Api.proj_as_wkt(self.context, self, wkt_type, nil)
-
-      if result.nil?
-        Error.check_object(self)
-      end
-
-      result.force_encoding('UTF-8')
-    end
-
-    # Returns the string representation for this object
-    #
-    # @return [String] String
-    def to_s
-      "#<#{self.class.name} - #{name}, #{proj_type}>"
-    end
-
-    private
-
-    def self.create_options_pointer(options)
-      options = options.compact
-      options_ptr_array = options.map do |key, value|
-        FFI::MemoryPointer.from_string("#{key}=#{value}")
-      end
-
-      if options_ptr_array.empty?
-        nil
-      else
-        # Add extra item at end for null pointer
-        options_ptr = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:pointer, options.size + 1)
-        options_ptr.write_array_of_pointer(options_ptr_array)
-        options_ptr
-      end
-    end
-
-    def create_options_pointer(options)
-      self.class.create_options_pointer(options)
-    end
-  end
-end
+# encoding: UTF-8
+module Proj
+  class PjObject
+    # @!visibility private
+    def self.create_object(pointer, context)
+      unless pointer.null?
+        # Get the proj type
+        type = Api.proj_get_type(pointer)
+
+        # Determine the appropriate wrapper class
+        klass = case type
+                   when :PJ_TYPE_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_GEODETIC_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_GEOCENTRIC_CRS,
+                        :PJ_TYPE_GEOGRAPHIC_2D_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_GEOGRAPHIC_3D_CRS,
+                        :PJ_TYPE_GEOGRAPHIC_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_VERTICAL_CRS,:PJ_TYPE_PROJECTED_CRS,
+                        :PJ_TYPE_COMPOUND_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_TEMPORAL_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_ENGINEERING_CRS,
+                        :PJ_TYPE_BOUND_CRS, :PJ_TYPE_OTHER_CRS
+                     Crs
+                   when :PJ_TYPE_CONVERSION, :PJ_TYPE_OTHER_COORDINATE_OPERATION, :PJ_TYPE_CONCATENATED_OPERATION
+                     Conversion
+                   when :PJ_TYPE_TRANSFORMATION
+                     Transformation
+                   when :PJ_TYPE_TEMPORAL_DATUM, :PJ_TYPE_ENGINEERING_DATUM, :PJ_TYPE_PARAMETRIC_DATUM,
+                        :PJ_TYPE_GEODETIC_REFERENCE_FRAME, :PJ_TYPE_DYNAMIC_GEODETIC_REFERENCE_FRAME,
+                        :PJ_TYPE_VERTICAL_REFERENCE_FRAME, :PJ_TYPE_DYNAMIC_VERTICAL_REFERENCE_FRAME
+                     Datum
+                   when :PJ_TYPE_DATUM_ENSEMBLE
+                     DatumEnsemble
+                   when :PJ_TYPE_ELLIPSOID
+                     Ellipsoid
+                   when :PJ_TYPE_PRIME_MERIDIAN
+                     PrimeMeridian
+                   when :PJ_TYPE_COORDINATE_METADATA
+                     CoordinateMetadata
+                   else
+                     # Return whatever the current class is
+                     self
+                   end
+
+        # The wrapper classes create their own proj objects via the C API, 
+        # but we already have a proj object. So we cannot call their
+        # initializers. But we do want to call PjObject intializer to 
+        # set intance variables and setup finalizers
+        result = klass.allocate
+        PjObject.instance_method(:initialize).bind(result).call(pointer, context)
+        result
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Instantiates an object from a string
+    #
+    # @example
+    #      conversion = Proj::Conversion.create("+proj=helmert")
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_create
+    #
+    # @param value [String] Can be:
+    #  * Proj string
+    #  * WKT string
+    #  * Object code (like "EPSG:4326", "urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG::4326", "urn:ogc:def:coordinateOperation:EPSG::1671"),
+    #  * Object name. e.g "WGS 84", "WGS 84 / UTM zone 31N". In that case as uniqueness is not guaranteed, heuristics are applied to determine the appropriate best match.
+    #  * OGC URN combining references for compound coordinate reference systems (e.g "urn:ogc:def:crs,crs:EPSG::2393,crs:EPSG::5717" or custom abbreviated syntax "EPSG:2393+5717"),
+    #  * OGC URN combining references for concatenated operations (e.g. "urn:ogc:def:coordinateOperation,coordinateOperation:EPSG::3895,coordinateOperation:EPSG::1618")
+    #  * PROJJSON string. The jsonschema is at https://proj.org/schemas/v0.4/projjson.schema.json (added in 6.2)
+    #  * compound CRS made from two object names separated with " + ". e.g. "WGS 84 + EGM96 height" (added in 7.1)
+    #
+    # @return [PjObject] Crs or Transformation
+    def self.create(value, context=nil)
+      ptr = Api.proj_create(context || Context.current, value)
+
+      if ptr.null?
+        Error.check_object(self)
+      end
+
+      create_object(ptr, context)
+    end
+
+    # Instantiates an object from a database lookup
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   crs = Proj::Crs.create_from_database("EPSG", "32631", :PJ_CATEGORY_CRS)
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_create_from_database
+    #
+    # @param auth_name [String] Authority name (must not be nil)
+    # @param code  [String] Object code (must not be nil)
+    # @param category [PjCategory] A PjCategory enum value
+    # @param use_alternative_grid_names [Boolean] Whether PROJ alternative grid names should be substituted to the official grid names. Only used on transformations. Defaults to false
+    # @param context [Context] Context. If nil the current context is used
+    #
+    # @return [PjObject] Crs or Transformation
+    def self.create_from_database(auth_name, code, category, use_alternative_grid_names = false, context = nil)
+      context ||= Context.current
+      ptr = Api.proj_create_from_database(context, auth_name, code, category,
+                                          use_alternative_grid_names ? 1 : 0, nil)
+
+      if ptr.null?
+        Error.check_context(context)
+      end
+
+      create_object(ptr, context)
+    end
+
+    # Return a list of objects by their name
+    #
+    # @example
+    #   objects = Proj::PjObject.create_from_name("WGS 84", Context.current)
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_create_from_name
+    #
+    # @param name [String] Search value, must be at least two characters
+    # @param context [Context] Context. If nil the current context is used
+    # @param auth_name [String] Authority name or nil for all authorities. Default is nil
+    # @param types [Array<PjType>] Types of objects to search for or nil for all types. Default is nil
+    # @param approximate_match  [Boolean] Whether approximate name identification is allowed. Default is false
+    # @param limit [Integer] The maximum number of results to return, use 0 for all results. Default is 0
+    #
+    # @return [PjObjects] Found objects
+    def self.create_from_name(name, context, auth_name: nil, types: nil, approximate_match: false, limit: 0)
+      if types
+        types_ptr = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(Api::PjType.native_type, types.size)
+        types_ptr.write_array_of_int(types.map { |symbol| Api::PjType[symbol]})
+        types_count = types.size
+      else
+        types_ptr = nil
+        types_count = 0
+      end
+
+      ptr = Api.proj_create_from_name(context, auth_name, name, types_ptr, types_count, approximate_match ? 1 : 0, limit, nil)
+      PjObjects.new(ptr, context)
+    end
+
+    # Instantiates an object from a WKT string.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_create_from_wkt
+    #
+    # @param wkt [String] WKT string (must not be nil)
+    # @param context [Context] Context. If nil the current context is used
+    # @param strict [Boolean] Enables strict validation will be enabled. Default is false
+    # @param unset_identifiers [Boolean] When enabled object identifiers are unset when there is
+    #                                   a contradiction between the definition from WKT and the one
+    #                                   from the database. Defaults to nil because this option
+    #                                   is only available in Proj 9+
+    #
+    # @return [PjObject] Crs or Transformation
+    def self.create_from_wkt(wkt, context = nil, strict: false, unset_identifiers: nil)
+      out_warnings = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:pointer)
+      out_grammar_errors = FFI::MemoryPointer.new(:pointer)
+
+      # @param wkt_type [PjWktType] WKT version to output. Defaults to PJ_WKT2_2018
+      # @param multiline [Boolean] Specifies if output span multiple lines. Defaults to true.
+      # @param indentation_width [Integer] Specifies the indentation level. Defaults to 4.
+      #
+      # @return [String] wkt
+
+      # Unset
+      options_hash = {"STRICT": strict ? "YES" : "NO"}
+      case unset_identifiers
+      when TrueClass
+        options_hash["UNSET_IDENTIFIERS_IF_INCOMPATIBLE_DEF"] = "YES"
+      when FalseClass
+        options_hash["UNSET_IDENTIFIERS_IF_INCOMPATIBLE_DEF"] = "NO"
+      end
+      options = Options.new(options_hash)
+
+      ptr = Api.proj_create_from_wkt(context, wkt, options, out_warnings, out_grammar_errors)
+
+      warnings = Strings.new(out_warnings.read_pointer)
+      errors = Strings.new(out_grammar_errors.read_pointer)
+
+      unless errors.empty?
+        raise(RuntimeError, errors.join(". "))
+      end
+
+      unless warnings.empty?
+        warn(warnings.join(". "))
+      end
+
+      create_object(ptr, context)
+    end
+
+    # @!visibility private
+    def self.finalize(pointer, context)
+      life_span = context.life_span
+      proc do
+        next unless life_span.alive?
+        # Keep context alive until the PJ object is destroyed. With custom file/network
+        # callbacks, proj_destroy() may re-enter callbacks tied to the context.
+        _ = context
+        Api.proj_destroy(pointer)
+      end
+    end
+
+    def initialize(pointer, context=nil)
+      if pointer.null?
+        raise(Error, "Cannot create a PjObject with a null pointer")
+      end
+      @pointer = pointer
+      @context = context || Context.current
+      ObjectSpace.define_finalizer(self, self.class.finalize(@pointer, @context))
+    end
+
+    def initialize_copy(original)
+      ObjectSpace.undefine_finalizer(self)
+
+      super
+
+      @pointer = Api.proj_clone(original.context, original)
+
+      ObjectSpace.define_finalizer(self, self.class.finalize(@pointer, @context))
+    end
+
+    # Explicitly free the underlying PROJ object.
+    def destroy
+      Api.proj_destroy(@pointer)
+      @pointer = FFI::Pointer::NULL
+      ObjectSpace.undefine_finalizer(self)
+      nil
+    end
+
+    # Assign a new context to this object
+    #
+    # @param value [Context] The context to assign to this object
+    def context=(value)
+      Api.proj_assign_context(self, value)
+      @context = value
+      ObjectSpace.undefine_finalizer(self)
+      ObjectSpace.define_finalizer(self, self.class.finalize(@pointer, @context))
+    end
+
+    def to_ptr
+      @pointer
+    end
+
+    def context
+      @context || Context.current
+    end
+
+    # Returns whether an object is deprecated
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_is_deprecated
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean] True if the object is deprecated, otherwise false
+    def deprecated?
+      result = Api.proj_is_deprecated(self)
+      result == 1 ? true : false
+    end
+
+    # Return whether two objects are equivalent. For versions 6.3.0 and higher
+    # the check may use using the proj database to check for name aliases
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_is_equivalent_to
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_is_equivalent_to_with_ctx
+    #
+    # @param other [PjObject] Object to compare to
+    # @param comparison [PjComparisonCriterion] Comparison criterion
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean] True if the objects are equivalent, otherwise false
+    def equivalent_to?(other, comparison)
+      result = if defined?(Api.proj_is_equivalent_to_with_ctx)
+                 Api.proj_is_equivalent_to_with_ctx(self.context, self, other, comparison)
+               else
+                 Api.proj_is_equivalent_to(self, other, comparison)
+               end
+      result == 1 ? true : false
+    end
+
+    #  Returns the current error-state of this object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_errno
+    #
+    # @return [Integer] An non-zero error codes indicates an error either with the transformation setup or during a transformation
+    def errorno
+      Api.proj_errno(self)
+    end
+
+    # Get information about this object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
+    #
+    # @return [PjProjInfo]
+    def info
+      Api.proj_pj_info(self)
+    end
+
+    # Short ID of the operation the PJ object is based on, that is, what comes after the +proj=
+    # in a proj-string, e.g. "merc".
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def id
+      self.info[:id]
+    end
+
+    # Long description of the operation the PJ object is based on, e.g. "Mercator Cyl, Sph&Ell lat_ts="
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def description
+      self.info[:description] ? self.info[:description].force_encoding('UTF-8') : nil
+    end
+
+    # The proj-string that was used to create the PJ object with, e.g. "+proj=merc +lat_0=24 +lon_0=53 +ellps=WGS84"
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def definition
+      self.info[:definition] ? self.info[:definition].force_encoding('UTF-8') : nil
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if an an inverse mapping of the defined operation exists, otherwise false
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
+    #
+    # @return [Boolean]
+    def has_inverse?
+      self.info[:has_inverse] == 1 ? true : false
+    end
+
+    # Expected accuracy of the transformation. -1 if unknown
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_pj_info
+    #
+    # @return [Float]
+    def accuracy
+      self.info[:accuracy]
+    end
+
+    # Return the type of an object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_type
+    #
+    # @return [PjType]
+    def proj_type
+      Api.proj_get_type(self)
+    end
+
+    # Returns the name of an object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_name
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def name
+      Api.proj_get_name(self)&.force_encoding('UTF-8')
+    end
+
+    # Returns the authority name / codespace of an identifier of an object.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_id_auth_name
+    #
+    # @param index [Integer] Index of the identifier. 0 is for the first identifier. Default is 0.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def auth_name(index=0)
+      Api.proj_get_id_auth_name(self, index)&.force_encoding('UTF-8')
+    end
+
+    # Get the code of an identifier of an object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_id_code
+    #
+    # @param index [Integer] Index of the identifier. 0 is the first identifier. Default is 0
+    #
+    # @return [String] The code or nil in case of error or missing name
+    def id_code(index=0)
+      Api.proj_get_id_code(self, index)
+    end
+
+    # Get the remarks of an object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_remarks
+    #
+    # @return [String] Remarks  or nil in case of error
+    def remarks
+      Api.proj_get_remarks(self)
+    end
+
+    # Get the scope of an object.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_scope
+    #
+    # @return [String] Scope or nil in case of error or a missing scope
+    def scope
+      domains.first&.scope
+    end
+
+    def auth(index=0)
+      auth_name = self.auth_name(index)
+      code = self.id_code(index)
+
+      if auth_name and code
+        "#{self.auth_name(index)}:#{self.id_code(index)}"
+      elsif auth_name
+        auth_name
+      elsif code
+        code
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Returns all usage domains for this object. Each domain has a scope
+    # and geographic area of use.
+    #
+    # @see Domain.domains
+    #
+    # @return [Array<Domain>]
+    def domains
+      Domain.domains(self)
+    end
+
+    # Return the area of use of an object.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_area_of_use
+    #
+    # @return [Area] In case of multiple usages, this will be the one of first usage.
+    def area_of_use
+      domains.first&.area_of_use
+    end
+
+    # Return the base CRS of a BoundCRS or a DerivedCRS/ProjectedCRS, or the source CRS of a
+    # CoordinateOperation, or the CRS of a CoordinateMetadata.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_source_crs
+    #
+    # @return [Crs]
+    def source_crs
+      ptr = Api.proj_get_source_crs(self.context, self)
+      self.class.create_object(ptr, self.context)
+    end
+
+    # Return the hub CRS of a BoundCRS or the target CRS of a CoordinateOperation
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_target_crs
+    #
+    # @return [Crs]
+    def target_crs
+      ptr = Api.proj_get_target_crs(self.context, self)
+      self.class.create_object(ptr, self.context)
+    end
+
+    # Calculate various cartographic properties, such as scale factors, angular distortion and
+    # meridian convergence. Depending on the underlying projection values will be
+    # calculated either numerically (default) or analytically. The function also calculates
+    # the partial derivatives of the given coordinate.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_factors
+    #
+    # @param coordinate [Coordinate] Input geodetic coordinate in radians
+    #
+    # @return [PJ_FACTORS]
+    def factors(coordinate)
+      Api.proj_factors(self, coordinate)
+    end
+
+    # Return a list of non-deprecated objects related to the passed one
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_get_non_deprecated
+    #
+    # @return [Array] Array of objects
+    def non_deprecated
+      ptr = Api.proj_get_non_deprecated(self.context, self)
+      PjObjects.new(ptr, self.context)
+    end
+
+    # Calculate geodesic distance between two points in geodetic coordinates. The calculated distance is between
+    # the two points located on the ellipsoid. Note that the axis order of the transformation object
+    # is not taken into account, so even though a CRS object comes with axis ordering
+    # latitude/longitude coordinates used in this function should be reordered as longitude/latitude.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_lp_dist
+    #
+    # @param coord1 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point. Must be lat/long in radians
+    # @param coord2 [Coordinate] Coordinate of second point. Must be lat/long in radians
+    #
+    # @return [Float] Distance between the coordinates in meters
+    def lp_distance(coord1, coord2)
+      Api.proj_lp_dist(self, coord1, coord2)
+    end
+
+    # Calculate geodesic distance between two points in geodetic coordinates. Similar to
+    # PjObject#lp_distance but also takes the height above the ellipsoid into account.
+    #
+    # Note that the axis order of the transformation object is not taken into account, so even though
+    # a CRS object comes with axis ordering latitude/longitude coordinates used in this function
+    # should be reordered as longitude/latitude.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_lpz_dist
+    #
+    # @param coord1 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point. Must be lat/long in radians
+    # @param coord2 [Coordinate] Coordinate of second point. Must be lat/long in radians
+    #
+    # @return [Float] Distance between the coordinates in meters
+    def lpz_distance(coord1, coord2)
+      Api.proj_lpz_dist(self, coord1, coord2)
+    end
+
+    # Calculate the geodesic distance as well as forward and reverse azimuth between two points on the ellipsoid.
+    #
+    # Note that the axis order of the transformation object is not taken into account, so even though
+    # a CRS object comes with axis ordering latitude/longitude coordinates used in this function
+    # should be reordered as longitude/latitude.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_geod
+    #
+    # @param coord1 [Coordinate] Coordinate of first point. Must be lat/long in radians
+    # @param coord2 [Coordinate] Coordinate of second point. Must be lat/long in radians
+    #
+    # @return [Coordinate] The first value is the distance between coord1 and coord2 in meters,
+    # the second is the forward azimuth, the third value the reverse azimuth and the fourth value is unused.
+    def geod_distance(coord1, coord2)
+      ptr = Api.proj_geod(self, coord1, coord2)
+      Coordinate.from_coord(ptr)
+    end
+
+    # Compute the endpoint from a start point, initial azimuth, and distance.
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_geod_direct
+    #
+    # @param coord [Coordinate] Start coordinate (lon/lat in radians)
+    # @param azi1 [Float] Forward azimuth at the start point (radians)
+    # @param s12 [Float] Distance from the start point (meters)
+    #
+    # @return [Coordinate] Endpoint coordinate and reverse azimuth
+    def geod_direct(coord, azi1, s12)
+      ptr = Api.proj_geod_direct(self, coord, azi1, s12)
+      Coordinate.from_coord(ptr)
+    end
+
+    # Returns the proj representation string for this object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_as_proj_string
+    #
+    # @param proj_version [PjProjStringType] The proj version. Defaults to :PJ_PROJ_5
+    # @param use_approx_tmerc [Boolean] True adds the +approx flag to +proj=tmerc or +proj=utm. Defaults to false
+    # @param multiline [Boolean] Specifies if output span multiple lines. Defaults to false.
+    # @param indentation_width [Integer] Specifies the indentation level. Defaults to 2.
+    # @param max_line_length [Integer] Specifies the max line length level. Defaults to 80.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def to_proj_string(proj_version=:PJ_PROJ_5, use_approx_tmerc: false, multiline: false,
+                                                indentation_width: 2, max_line_length: 80)
+
+      options = Options.new("USE_APPROX_TMERC": use_approx_tmerc ? "YES" : "NO",
+                            "MULTILINE": multiline ? "YES" : "NO",
+                            "INDENTATION_WIDTH": indentation_width,
+                            "MAX_LINE_LENGTH": max_line_length)
+
+      Api.proj_as_proj_string(self.context, self, proj_version, options).force_encoding('UTF-8')
+    end
+
+    # Returns the json representation for this object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_as_projjson
+    #
+    # @param multiline [Boolean] Specifies if output span multiple lines. Defaults to true.
+    # @param indentation_width [Integer] Specifies the indentation level. Defaults to 2.
+    #
+    # @return [String]
+    def to_json(multiline: true, indentation_width: 2)
+      options = Options.new("MULTILINE": multiline ? "YES" : "NO",
+                            "INDENTATION_WIDTH": indentation_width)
+
+      Api.proj_as_projjson(self.context, self, options).force_encoding('UTF-8')
+    end
+
+    # Returns the wkt representation for this object
+    #
+    # @see https://proj.org/development/reference/functions.html#c.proj_as_wkt
+    #
+    # @param wkt_type [PjWktType] WKT version to output. Defaults to PJ_WKT2_2018
+    # @param multiline [Boolean] Specifies if output span multiple lines. Defaults to true.
+    # @param indentation_width [Integer] Specifies the indentation level. Defaults to 4.
+    #
+    # @return [String] wkt
+    def to_wkt(wkt_type=:PJ_WKT2_2019, multiline: true, indentation_width: 4)
+      options = Options.new("MULTILINE": multiline ? "YES" : "NO",
+                            "INDENTATION_WIDTH": indentation_width,
+                            "OUTPUT_AXIS": "AUTO",
+                            "STRICT": "YES",
+                            "ALLOW_ELLIPSOIDAL_HEIGHT_AS_VERTICAL_CRS": "NO")
+
+      result = Api.proj_as_wkt(self.context, self, wkt_type, options)
+
+      if result.nil?
+        Error.check_object(self)
+      end
+
+      result.force_encoding('UTF-8')
+    end
+
+    # Returns the string representation for this object
+    #
+    # @return [String] String
+    def to_s
+      "#<#{self.class.name} - #{name}, #{proj_type}>"
+    end
+
+    private
+
+  end
+end