mongoid 3.1.5 → 8.0.2

data/spec/mongoid/contextual/mongo_spec.rb

@@ -1,3 +1,5 @@
+# frozen_string_literal: true
+
 require "spec_helper"
 
 describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
@@ -7,7 +9,7 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     describe "##{method}" do
 
       before do
-        Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
       end
 
       context "when the count is zero" do
@@ -21,7 +23,7 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "returns true" do
-          context.send(method).should be_true
+          expect(context.send(method)).to be true
         end
       end
 
@@ -36,53 +38,20 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "returns false" do
-          context.send(method).should be_false
+          expect(context.send(method)).to be false
         end
       end
     end
   end
 
-  describe "#cached?" do
-
-    context "when the criteria is cached" do
-
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.all.cache
-      end
-
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
-      end
-
-      it "returns true" do
-        context.should be_cached
-      end
-    end
-
-    context "when the criteria is not cached" do
-
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.all
-      end
-
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
-      end
-
-      it "returns false" do
-        context.should_not be_cached
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
   describe "#count" do
 
     let!(:depeche) do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
     end
 
     let!(:new_order) do
-      Band.create(name: "New Order")
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
     end
 
     let(:criteria) do
@@ -96,37 +65,21 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the number of documents that match" do
-        context.count.should eq(1)
-      end
-    end
-
-    context "when context is cached" do
-
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria.cache)
-      end
-
-      before do
-        context.query.should_receive(:count).once.and_return(1)
-      end
-
-      it "returns the count cached value after first call" do
-        2.times { context.count.should eq(1) }
+        expect(context.count).to eq(1)
       end
     end
 
-    context "when provided a document" do
+    context "when the query cache is enabled" do
+      query_cache_enabled
 
       let(:context) do
         described_class.new(criteria)
       end
 
-      let(:count) do
-        context.count(depeche)
-      end
-
-      it "returns the number of documents that match" do
-        count.should eq(1)
+      it "only executes the count query once" do
+        expect_query(1) do
+          2.times { expect(context.count).to eq(1) }
+        end
       end
     end
 
@@ -143,13 +96,13 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the number of documents that match" do
-        count.should eq(1)
+        expect(count).to eq(1)
       end
 
       context "and a limit true" do
 
         before do
-          2.times { Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode", likes: 1) }
+          2.times { Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode", likes: 1) }
         end
 
         let(:count) do
@@ -159,41 +112,131 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "returns the number of documents that match" do
-          count.should eq(1)
+          expect(count).to eq(1)
         end
       end
     end
 
-    context "when provided limit true" do
+    context "when provided limit" do
 
       before do
-        2.times { Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode") }
+        2.times { Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode") }
       end
 
       let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria.limit(2))
+        described_class.new(criteria)
       end
 
       let(:count) do
-        context.count(true)
+        context.count(limit: 2)
       end
 
       it "returns the number of documents that match" do
-        count.should eq(2)
+        expect(count).to eq(2)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when a collation is specified' do
+      min_server_version '3.4'
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      context 'when the collation is specified on the criteria' do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+        end
+
+        let(:count) do
+          context.count
+        end
+
+        it 'applies the collation' do
+          expect(count).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#estimated_count" do
+
+    let!(:depeche) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let!(:new_order) do
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
+    end
+
+    let(:criteria) do
+      Band.where
+    end
+
+    context "when not providing options" do
+      it 'returns the correct count' do
+        expect(criteria.estimated_count).to eq(2)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when providing options" do
+      it 'returns the correct count' do
+        expect(criteria.estimated_count(maxTimeMS: 1000)).to eq(2)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when the query cache is enabled" do
+      query_cache_enabled
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      it "the results are not cached" do
+        expect_query(2) do
+          2.times do
+            context.estimated_count
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when the criteria contains a selector", :focus do
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "New Order")
+      end
+
+      context "when not providing options" do
+        it 'raises an error' do
+          expect do
+            criteria.estimated_count
+          end.to raise_error(Mongoid::Errors::InvalidEstimatedCountCriteria)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when providing options" do
+        it 'raises an error' do
+          expect do
+            criteria.estimated_count(maxTimeMS: 1000)
+          end.to raise_error(Mongoid::Errors::InvalidEstimatedCountCriteria)
+        end
       end
     end
   end
 
+
+
   [ :delete, :delete_all ].each do |method|
 
     describe "##{method}" do
 
       let!(:depeche_mode) do
-        Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
       end
 
       let!(:new_order) do
-        Band.create(name: "New Order")
+        Band.create!(name: "New Order")
       end
 
       context "when the selector is contraining" do
@@ -211,15 +254,43 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "deletes the matching documents" do
-          Band.find(new_order.id).should eq(new_order)
+          expect(Band.find(new_order.id)).to eq(new_order)
         end
 
         it "deletes the correct number of documents" do
-          Band.count.should eq(1)
+          expect(Band.count).to eq(1)
         end
 
         it "returns the number of documents deleted" do
-          deleted.should eq(1)
+          expect(deleted).to eq(1)
+        end
+
+        context 'when the criteria has a collation' do
+          min_server_version '3.4'
+
+          let(:criteria) do
+            Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+          end
+
+          let(:context) do
+            described_class.new(criteria)
+          end
+
+          let!(:deleted) do
+            context.send(method)
+          end
+
+          it "deletes the matching documents" do
+            expect(Band.find(new_order.id)).to eq(new_order)
+          end
+
+          it "deletes the correct number of documents" do
+            expect(Band.count).to eq(1)
+          end
+
+          it "returns the number of documents deleted" do
+            expect(deleted).to eq(1)
+          end
         end
       end
 
@@ -238,7 +309,24 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "deletes all the documents" do
-          Band.count.should eq(0)
+          expect(Band.count).to eq(0)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when the write concern is unacknowledged' do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.all
+        end
+
+        let!(:deleted) do
+          criteria.with(write: { w: 0 }) do |crit|
+            crit.send(method)
+          end
+        end
+
+        it 'returns 0' do
+          expect(deleted).to eq(0)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -249,11 +337,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     describe "##{method}" do
 
       let!(:depeche_mode) do
-        Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
       end
 
       let!(:new_order) do
-        Band.create(name: "New Order")
+        Band.create!(name: "New Order")
       end
 
       context "when the selector is contraining" do
@@ -271,15 +359,43 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "destroys the matching documents" do
-          Band.find(new_order.id).should eq(new_order)
+          expect(Band.find(new_order.id)).to eq(new_order)
         end
 
         it "destroys the correct number of documents" do
-          Band.count.should eq(1)
+          expect(Band.count).to eq(1)
         end
 
         it "returns the number of documents destroyed" do
-          destroyed.should eq(1)
+          expect(destroyed).to eq(1)
+        end
+
+        context 'when the criteria has a collation' do
+          min_server_version '3.4'
+
+          let(:criteria) do
+            Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+          end
+
+          let(:context) do
+            described_class.new(criteria)
+          end
+
+          let!(:destroyed) do
+            context.send(method)
+          end
+
+          it "destroys the matching documents" do
+            expect(Band.find(new_order.id)).to eq(new_order)
+          end
+
+          it "destroys the correct number of documents" do
+            expect(Band.count).to eq(1)
+          end
+
+          it "returns the number of documents destroyed" do
+            expect(destroyed).to eq(1)
+          end
         end
       end
 
@@ -298,51 +414,113 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "destroys all the documents" do
-          Band.count.should eq(0)
+          expect(Band.count).to eq(0)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the write concern is unacknowledged' do
+
+      before do
+        2.times { Band.create! }
+      end
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.all
+      end
+
+      let!(:deleted) do
+        criteria.with(write: { w: 0 }) do |crit|
+          crit.send(method)
         end
       end
+
+      it 'returns 0' do
+        expect(deleted).to eq(0)
+      end
     end
   end
 
   describe "#distinct" do
 
     before do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode", years: 30)
-      Band.create(name: "New Order", years: 25)
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode", years: 30, sales: "1E2")
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order", years: 25, sales: "2E3")
+      Band.create!(name: "10,000 Maniacs", years: 20, sales: "1E2")
     end
 
-    context "when limiting the result set" do
+    with_config_values :legacy_pluck_distinct, true, false do
+      context "when limiting the result set" do
 
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
-      end
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        end
 
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
-      end
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
 
-      it "returns the distinct matching fields" do
-        context.distinct(:name).should eq([ "Depeche Mode" ])
+        it "returns the distinct matching fields" do
+          expect(context.distinct(:name)).to eq([ "Depeche Mode" ])
+        end
       end
-    end
 
-    context "when not limiting the result set" do
+      context "when not limiting the result set" do
 
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.criteria
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.criteria
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the distinct field values" do
+          expect(context.distinct(:name).sort).to eq([ "10,000 Maniacs", "Depeche Mode", "New Order" ].sort)
+        end
       end
 
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
+      context "when providing an aliased field" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.criteria
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the distinct field values" do
+          expect(context.distinct(:years).sort).to eq([ 20, 25, 30 ])
+        end
       end
 
-      it "returns the distinct field values" do
-        context.distinct(:name).should eq([ "Depeche Mode", "New Order" ])
+      context 'when a collation is specified' do
+        min_server_version '3.4'
+
+        before do
+          Band.create!(name: 'DEPECHE MODE')
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let(:expected_results) do
+          ["10,000 Maniacs", "Depeche Mode", "New Order"]
+        end
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where({}).collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+        end
+
+        it 'applies the collation' do
+          expect(context.distinct(:name).sort).to eq(expected_results.sort)
+        end
       end
     end
 
-    context "when providing an aliased field" do
-
+    context "when providing a demongoizable field" do
       let(:criteria) do
         Band.criteria
       end
@@ -351,548 +529,2037 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         described_class.new(criteria)
       end
 
-      it "returns the distinct field values" do
-        context.distinct(:years).should eq([ 30, 25 ])
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  describe "#each" do
-
-    before do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
-    end
+      context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is set" do
+        config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, true
 
-    let(:criteria) do
-      Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
-    end
+        context 'when storing BigDecimal as string' do
+          config_override :map_big_decimal_to_decimal128, false
 
-    let(:context) do
-      described_class.new(criteria)
-    end
+          it "returns the non-demongoized distinct field values" do
+            expect(context.distinct(:sales).sort).to eq([ "1E2", "2E3" ])
+          end
+        end
 
-    context "when providing a block" do
+        context 'when storing BigDecimal as decimal128' do
+          config_override :map_big_decimal_to_decimal128, true
+          min_bson_version '4.15.0'
+          max_bson_version '4.99.99'
 
-      it "yields mongoid documents to the block" do
-        context.each do |doc|
-          doc.should be_a(Mongoid::Document)
+          it "returns the non-demongoized distinct field values" do
+            expect(context.distinct(:sales).sort).to eq([ BSON::Decimal128.new("1E2"), BSON::Decimal128.new("2E3") ])
+          end
         end
       end
 
-      it "iterates over the matching documents" do
-        context.each do |doc|
-          doc.name.should eq("Depeche Mode")
-        end
-      end
+      context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is not set" do
+        config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, false
 
-      it "returns self" do
-        context.each{}.should be(context)
+        it "returns the non-demongoized distinct field values" do
+          expect(context.distinct(:sales).sort).to eq([ BigDecimal("1E2"), BigDecimal("2E3") ])
+        end
       end
     end
 
-    context "when no block is provided" do
-
-      let(:enum) do
-        context.each
+    context "when getting a localized field" do
+      before do
+        I18n.locale = :en
+        d = Dictionary.create!(description: 'english-text')
+        I18n.locale = :de
+        d.description = 'deutsch-text'
+        d.save!
       end
 
-      it "returns an enumerator" do
-        enum.should be_a(Enumerator)
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Dictionary.criteria
       end
 
-      context "when iterating over the enumerator" do
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
 
-        context "when iterating with each" do
+      context "when getting the field without _translations" do
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, true
 
-          it "yields mongoid documents to the block" do
-            enum.each do |doc|
-              doc.should be_a(Mongoid::Document)
-            end
+          it "gets the full hash" do
+            expect(context.distinct(:description)).to eq([{ "de" => "deutsch-text", "en" => "english-text" }])
           end
         end
 
-        context "when iterating with next" do
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is not set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, false
 
-          it "yields mongoid documents" do
-            enum.next.should be_a(Mongoid::Document)
+          it "gets the demongoized localized field" do
+            expect(context.distinct(:description)).to eq([ 'deutsch-text' ])
           end
         end
       end
-    end
-  end
 
-  describe "#eager_load" do
+      context "when getting the field with _translations" do
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, true
 
-    let(:criteria) do
-      Person.includes(:game)
-    end
+          it "gets an empty list" do
+            expect(context.distinct(:description_translations)).to eq([])
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is not set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, false
+
+          it "gets the full hash" do
+            expect(context.distinct(:description_translations)).to eq([ { "de" => "deutsch-text", "en" => "english-text" } ])
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when plucking a specific locale' do
+
+        let(:distinct) do
+          context.distinct(:'description.de')
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, true
+
+          it 'returns the specific translation' do
+            expect(distinct).to eq([ 'deutsch-text' ])
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is not set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, false
+
+          it 'returns the specific translation' do
+            expect(distinct).to eq([ "deutsch-text" ])
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when plucking a specific locale from _translations field' do
+
+        let(:distinct) do
+          context.distinct(:'description_translations.de')
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, true
+
+          it 'returns the empty list' do
+            expect(distinct).to eq([])
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is not set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, false
+
+          it 'returns the specific translations' do
+            expect(distinct).to eq(['deutsch-text'])
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when fallbacks are enabled with a locale list' do
+        require_fallbacks
+
+        around(:all) do |example|
+          prev_fallbacks = I18n.fallbacks.dup
+          I18n.fallbacks[:he] = [ :en ]
+          example.run
+          I18n.fallbacks = prev_fallbacks
+        end
+
+        let(:distinct) do
+          context.distinct(:description).first
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, true
+
+          it "does not correctly use the fallback" do
+            distinct.should == {"de"=>"deutsch-text", "en"=>"english-text"}
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is not set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, false
+
+          it "correctly uses the fallback" do
+            I18n.locale = :en
+            d = Dictionary.create!(description: 'english-text')
+            I18n.locale = :he
+            distinct.should == "english-text"
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when the localized field is embedded" do
+        before do
+          p = Passport.new
+          I18n.locale = :en
+          p.name = "Neil"
+          I18n.locale = :he
+          p.name = "Nissim"
+
+          Person.create!(passport: p, employer_id: 12345)
+        end
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Person.where(employer_id: 12345)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let(:distinct) do
+          context.distinct("pass.name").first
+        end
+
+        let(:distinct_translations) do
+          context.distinct("pass.name_translations").first
+        end
+
+        let(:distinct_translations_field) do
+          context.distinct("pass.name_translations.en").first
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, true
+
+          it "returns the full hash" do
+            expect(distinct).to eq({ "en" => "Neil", "he" => "Nissim" })
+          end
+
+          it "returns the empty hash" do
+            expect(distinct_translations).to eq(nil)
+          end
+
+          it "returns the empty hash" do
+            expect(distinct_translations_field).to eq(nil)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is not set" do
+          config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, false
+
+          it "returns the translation for the current locale" do
+            expect(distinct).to eq("Nissim")
+          end
+
+          it "returns the full _translation hash" do
+            expect(distinct_translations).to eq({ "en" => "Neil", "he" => "Nissim" })
+          end
+
+          it "returns the translation for the requested locale" do
+            expect(distinct_translations_field).to eq("Neil")
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when getting an embedded field" do
+
+      let(:label) { Label.new(sales: "1E2") }
+      let!(:band) { Band.create!(label: label) }
+      let(:criteria) { Band.where(_id: band.id) }
+      let(:context) { described_class.new(criteria) }
+
+      context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is set" do
+        config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, true
+        config_override :map_big_decimal_to_decimal128, true
+        max_bson_version '4.99.99'
+
+        it "returns the distinct matching fields" do
+          expect(context.distinct("label.sales")).to eq([ BSON::Decimal128.new('1E+2') ])
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when legacy_pluck_distinct is not set" do
+        config_override :legacy_pluck_distinct, false
+        it "returns the distinct matching fields" do
+          expect(context.distinct("label.sales")).to eq([ BigDecimal("1E2") ])
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#tally" do
+    let(:fans1) { [ Fanatic.new(age:1), Fanatic.new(age:2) ] }
+    let(:fans2) { [ Fanatic.new(age:1), Fanatic.new(age:2) ] }
+    let(:fans3) { [ Fanatic.new(age:1), Fanatic.new(age:3) ] }
+
+    let(:genres1) { [ { x: 1, y: { z: 1 } }, { x: 2, y: { z: 2 } }, { y: 3 } ]}
+    let(:genres2) { [ { x: 1, y: { z: 1 } }, { x: 2, y: { z: 2 } }, { y: 4 } ]}
+    let(:genres3) { [ { x: 1, y: { z: 1 } }, { x: 3, y: { z: 3 } }, { y: 5 } ]}
+
+    let(:label1) {  Label.new(name: "Atlantic") }
+    let(:label2) {  Label.new(name: "Atlantic") }
+    let(:label3) {  Label.new(name: "Columbia") }
+
+    before do
+      Band.create!(origin: "tally", name: "Depeche Mode", years: 30, sales: "1E2", label: label1, genres: genres1)
+      Band.create!(origin: "tally", name: "New Order", years: 30, sales: "2E3", label: label2, genres: genres2)
+      Band.create!(origin: "tally", name: "10,000 Maniacs", years: 30, sales: "1E2", label: label3, genres: genres3)
+      Band.create!(origin: "tally2", fanatics: fans1, genres: [1, 2])
+      Band.create!(origin: "tally2", fanatics: fans2, genres: [1, 2])
+      Band.create!(origin: "tally2", fanatics: fans3, genres: [1, 3])
+    end
+
+    let(:criteria) { Band.where(origin: "tally") }
+
+    context "when tallying a string" do
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally(:name)
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq("Depeche Mode" => 1, "New Order" => 1, "10,000 Maniacs" => 1)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "using an aliased field" do
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally(:years)
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(30 => 3)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying a demongoizable field" do
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally(:sales)
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(BigDecimal("1E2") => 2, BigDecimal("2E3") => 1)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying a localized field" do
+      before do
+        I18n.locale = :en
+        d1 = Dictionary.create!(description: 'en1')
+        d2 = Dictionary.create!(description: 'en1')
+        d3 = Dictionary.create!(description: 'en1')
+        d4 = Dictionary.create!(description: 'en2')
+        I18n.locale = :de
+        d1.description = 'de1'
+        d2.description = 'de1'
+        d3.description = 'de2'
+        d4.description = 'de3'
+        d1.save!
+        d2.save!
+        d3.save!
+        d4.save!
+
+        I18n.locale = :en
+      end
+
+      context "when getting the demongoized field" do
+        let(:tallied) do
+          Dictionary.tally(:description)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the translation for the current locale" do
+          expect(tallied).to eq("en1" => 3, "en2" => 1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when getting a specific locale" do
+        let(:tallied) do
+          Dictionary.tally("description.de")
+        end
+
+        it "returns the translation for the the specific locale" do
+          expect(tallied).to eq("de1" => 2, "de2" => 1, "de3" => 1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when getting the full hash" do
+        let(:tallied) do
+          Dictionary.tally("description_translations")
+        end
+
+        it "returns the correct hash" do
+          expect(tallied).to eq(
+            {"de" => "de1", "en" => "en1" } => 2,
+            {"de" => "de2", "en" => "en1" } => 1,
+            {"de" => "de3", "en" => "en2" } => 1
+          )
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying an embedded localized field" do
+
+      before do
+        I18n.locale = :en
+        address1a = Address.new(name: "en1")
+        address1b = Address.new(name: "en2")
+        address2a = Address.new(name: "en1")
+        address2b = Address.new(name: "en3")
+        I18n.locale = :de
+        address1a.name = "de1"
+        address1b.name = "de2"
+        address2a.name = "de1"
+        address2b.name = "de3"
+        Person.create!(addresses: [ address1a, address1b ])
+        Person.create!(addresses: [ address2a, address2b ])
+
+        I18n.locale = :en
+      end
+
+      context "when getting the demongoized field" do
+        let(:tallied) do
+          Person.tally("addresses.name")
+        end
+
+        it "returns the translation for the current locale" do
+          expect(tallied).to eq(
+            [ "en1", "en2" ] => 1,
+            [ "en1", "en3" ] => 1,
+          )
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when getting a specific locale" do
+        let(:tallied) do
+          Person.tally("addresses.name.de")
+        end
+
+        it "returns the translation for the the specific locale" do
+          expect(tallied).to eq(
+            [ "de1", "de2" ] => 1,
+            [ "de1", "de3" ] => 1,
+          )
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when getting the full hash" do
+        let(:tallied) do
+          Person.tally("addresses.name_translations")
+        end
+
+        it "returns the correct hash" do
+          expect(tallied).to eq(
+            [{ "de" => "de1", "en" => "en1" }, { "de" => "de2", "en" => "en2" }] => 1,
+            [{ "de" => "de1", "en" => "en1" }, { "de" => "de3", "en" => "en3" }] => 1,
+          )
+        end
+      end
+
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying an embedded field" do
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally("label.name")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq("Atlantic" => 2, "Columbia" => 1)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying an element in an embeds_many field" do
+      let(:criteria) { Band.where(origin: "tally2") }
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally("fanatics.age")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [1, 2] => 2,
+          [1, 3] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying an embeds_many field" do
+      let(:criteria) { Band.where(origin: "tally2") }
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally("fanatics")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          fans1.map(&:attributes) => 1,
+          fans2.map(&:attributes) => 1,
+          fans3.map(&:attributes) => 1,
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying a field of type array" do
+      let(:criteria) { Band.where(origin: "tally2") }
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally("genres")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [1, 2] => 2,
+          [1, 3] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying an element from an array of hashes" do
+      let(:criteria) { Band.where(origin: "tally") }
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally("genres.x")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash without the nil keys" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [1, 2] => 2,
+          [1, 3] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying an element from an array of hashes; with duplicate" do
+
+      before do
+        Band.create!(origin: "tally", genres: [ { x: 1 }, {x: 1} ] )
+      end
+
+      let(:criteria) { Band.where(origin: "tally") }
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally("genres.x")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash without the nil keys" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [1, 2] => 2,
+          [1, 3] => 1,
+          [1, 1] => 1,
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying an aliased field of type array" do
+
+      before do
+        Person.create!(array: [ 1, 2 ])
+        Person.create!(array: [ 1, 3 ])
+      end
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        Person.tally("array")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [1, 2] => 1,
+          [1, 3] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when going multiple levels deep in arrays" do
+      let(:criteria) { Band.where(origin: "tally") }
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally("genres.y.z")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [1, 2] => 2,
+          [1, 3] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when going multiple levels deep in an array" do
+      let(:criteria) { Band.where(origin: "tally") }
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally("genres.y.z")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [1, 2] => 2,
+          [1, 3] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying deeply nested arrays/embedded associations" do
+
+      before do
+        Person.create!(addresses: [ Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 2 } } ]))) ])
+        Person.create!(addresses: [ Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 2 } } ]))) ])
+        Person.create!(addresses: [ Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 3 } } ]))) ])
+      end
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        Person.tally("addresses.code.deepest.array.y.z")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [ [ 1, 2 ] ] => 2,
+          [ [ 1, 3 ] ] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying deeply nested arrays/embedded associations" do
+
+      before do
+        Person.create!(addresses: [ Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 2 } } ]))),
+                                    Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 2 } } ]))) ])
+        Person.create!(addresses: [ Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 2 } } ]))),
+                                    Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 2 } } ]))) ])
+        Person.create!(addresses: [ Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 3 } } ]))),
+                                    Address.new(code: Code.new(deepest: Deepest.new(array: [ { y: { z: 1 } }, { y: { z: 3 } } ]))) ])
+      end
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        Person.tally("addresses.code.deepest.array.y.z")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [ [ 1, 2 ], [ 1, 2 ] ] => 2,
+          [ [ 1, 3 ], [ 1, 3 ] ] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when some keys are missing" do
+      before do
+        3.times { Band.create!(origin: "tally") }
+      end
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        criteria.tally(:name)
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          "Depeche Mode" => 1,
+          "New Order" => 1,
+          "10,000 Maniacs" => 1,
+          nil => 3
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when the first element is an embeds_one" do
+      before do
+        Person.create!(name: Name.new(translations: [ Translation.new(language: 1), Translation.new(language: 2) ]))
+        Person.create!(name: Name.new(translations: [ Translation.new(language: 1), Translation.new(language: 2) ]))
+        Person.create!(name: Name.new(translations: [ Translation.new(language: 1), Translation.new(language: 3) ]))
+      end
+
+      let(:tally) do
+        Person.tally("name.translations.language")
+      end
+
+      it "returns the correct hash" do
+        expect(tally).to eq(
+          [1, 2] => 2,
+          [1, 3] => 1
+        )
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when tallying demongoizable values from typeless fields" do
+
+      let!(:person1) { Person.create!(ssn: /hello/) }
+      let!(:person2) { Person.create!(ssn: BSON::Decimal128.new("1")) }
+      let(:tally) { Person.tally("ssn") }
+
+      context "< BSON 5" do
+        max_bson_version '4.99.99'
+
+        it "stores the correct types in the database" do
+          Person.find(person1.id).attributes["ssn"].should be_a BSON::Regexp::Raw
+          Person.find(person2.id).attributes["ssn"].should be_a BSON::Decimal128
+        end
+
+        it "tallies the correct type" do
+          tally.keys.map(&:class).sort do |a,b|
+            a.to_s <=> b.to_s
+          end.should == [BSON::Decimal128, BSON::Regexp::Raw]
+        end
+      end
+
+      context ">= BSON 5" do
+        min_bson_version "5.0"
+
+        it "stores the correct types in the database" do
+          Person.find(person1.id).ssn.should be_a BSON::Regexp::Raw
+          Person.find(person2.id).ssn.should be_a BigDeimal
+        end
+
+        it "tallies the correct type" do
+          tally.keys.map(&:class).sort do |a,b|
+            a.to_s <=> b.to_s
+          end.should == [BigDecimal, BSON::Regexp::Raw]
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#each" do
+
+    before do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let(:criteria) do
+      Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let(:context) do
+      described_class.new(criteria)
+    end
+
+    context 'when the criteria has a collation' do
+      min_server_version '3.4'
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+      end
+
+      it "yields mongoid documents to the block" do
+        context.each do |doc|
+          expect(doc).to be_a(Mongoid::Document)
+        end
+      end
+
+      it "iterates over the matching documents" do
+        context.each do |doc|
+          expect(doc.name).to eq("Depeche Mode")
+        end
+      end
+
+      it "returns self" do
+        expect(context.each{}).to be(context)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when providing a block" do
+
+      it "yields mongoid documents to the block" do
+        context.each do |doc|
+          expect(doc).to be_a(Mongoid::Document)
+        end
+      end
+
+      it "iterates over the matching documents" do
+        context.each do |doc|
+          expect(doc.name).to eq("Depeche Mode")
+        end
+      end
+
+      it "returns self" do
+        expect(context.each{}).to be(context)
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when no block is provided" do
+
+      let(:enum) do
+        context.each
+      end
+
+      it "returns an enumerator" do
+        expect(enum).to be_a(Enumerator)
+      end
+
+      context "when iterating over the enumerator" do
+
+        context "when iterating with each" do
+
+          it "yields mongoid documents to the block" do
+            enum.each do |doc|
+              expect(doc).to be_a(Mongoid::Document)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when iterating with next" do
+
+          before do
+            10.times { |i| Band.create!(name: "Test #{i}") }
+          end
+
+          let(:criteria) do
+            Band.batch_size(5)
+          end
+
+          it "yields mongoid documents" do
+            expect(enum.next).to be_a(Mongoid::Document)
+          end
+
+          it "does not load all documents" do
+            subscriber = Mrss::EventSubscriber.new
+            context.view.client.subscribe(Mongo::Monitoring::COMMAND, subscriber)
+
+            enum.next
+
+            find_events = subscriber.all_events.select do |evt|
+              evt.command_name == 'find'
+            end
+            expect(find_events.length).to be(2)
+            get_more_events = subscriber.all_events.select do |evt|
+              evt.command_name == 'getMore'
+            end
+            expect(get_more_events.length).to be(0)
+          ensure
+            context.view.client.unsubscribe(Mongo::Monitoring::COMMAND, subscriber)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the criteria has a parent document' do
+
+      before do
+        Post.create!(person: person)
+        Post.create!(person: person)
+        Post.create!(person: person)
+      end
+
+      let(:person) do
+        Person.new
+      end
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        person.posts.all
+      end
+
+      let(:persons) do
+        criteria.collect(&:person)
+      end
+
+      it 'sets the same parent object on each related object' do
+        expect(persons.uniq.size).to eq(1)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#eager_load" do
+
+    let(:criteria) do
+      Person.includes(:game)
+    end
+
+    let(:context) do
+      described_class.new(criteria)
+    end
+
+    context "when no documents are returned" do
+
+      let(:game_association) do
+        Person.reflect_on_association(:game)
+      end
+
+      it "does not make any additional database queries" do
+        expect(game_association).to receive(:eager_load).never
+        context.send(:eager_load, [])
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#exists?" do
+
+    before do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    context "when the count is zero" do
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "New Order")
+      end
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      it "returns false" do
+        expect(context).to_not be_exists
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when the count is greater than zero" do
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      end
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      it "returns true" do
+        expect(context).to be_exists
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when caching is not enabled" do
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      end
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      context "when exists? already called and query cache is enabled" do
+        query_cache_enabled
+
+        before do
+          context.exists?
+        end
+
+        it "does not hit the database again" do
+          expect_no_queries do
+            expect(context).to be_exists
+          end
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#explain" do
+
+    let(:criteria) do
+      Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let(:context) do
+      described_class.new(criteria)
+    end
+
+    it "returns the criteria explain path" do
+      expect(context.explain).to_not be_empty
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#find_one_and_replace" do
+
+    let!(:depeche) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let!(:tool) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Tool")
+    end
+
+    context "when the selector matches" do
+
+      context "when not providing options" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_replace(name: 'FKA Twigs')
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "updates the document in the database" do
+          expect(depeche.reload.name).to eq('FKA Twigs')
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when sorting" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.desc(:name)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_replace(likes: 1)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(tool)
+        end
+
+        it "updates the document in the database" do
+          expect(tool.reload.likes).to eq(1)
+          expect(tool.reload.name).to be_nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when limiting fields" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.only(:_id)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_replace(name: 'FKA Twigs', likes: 1)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "limits the returned fields" do
+          expect(result.name).to be_nil
+        end
+
+        it "updates the document in the database" do
+          expect(depeche.reload.likes).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when returning new" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_replace({ likes: 1 }, return_document: :after)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the updated document" do
+          expect(result.name).to be_nil
+          expect(result.likes).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when a collation is specified on the criteria' do
+        min_server_version '3.4'
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_replace({ likes: 1 }, return_document: :after)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the updated document" do
+          expect(result.likes).to eq(1)
+          expect(result.name).to be_nil
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when the selector does not match" do
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE")
+      end
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      let(:result) do
+        context.find_one_and_replace(name: 'FKA Twigs')
+      end
+
+      it "returns nil" do
+        expect(result).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#find_one_and_update" do
+
+    let!(:depeche) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let!(:tool) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Tool")
+    end
+
+    context "when the selector matches" do
+
+      context "when not providing options" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_update("$inc" => { likes: 1 })
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "updates the document in the database" do
+          expect(depeche.reload.likes).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when sorting" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.desc(:name)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_update("$inc" => { likes: 1 })
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(tool)
+        end
+
+        it "updates the document in the database" do
+          expect(tool.reload.likes).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when limiting fields" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.only(:_id)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_update("$inc" => { likes: 1 })
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "limits the returned fields" do
+          expect(result.name).to be_nil
+        end
+
+        it "updates the document in the database" do
+          expect(depeche.reload.likes).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when returning new" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_update({ "$inc" => { likes: 1 }}, return_document: :after)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the updated document" do
+          expect(result.likes).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when a collation is specified on the criteria' do
+        min_server_version '3.4'
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_update({ "$inc" => { likes: 1 }}, return_document: :after)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the updated document" do
+          expect(result.likes).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context "when the selector does not match" do
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "Placebo")
+      end
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      let(:result) do
+        context.find_one_and_update("$inc" => { likes: 1 })
+      end
+
+      it "returns nil" do
+        expect(result).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#find_one_and_delete" do
+
+    let!(:depeche) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let(:criteria) do
+      Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
 
     let(:context) do
       described_class.new(criteria)
     end
 
-    context "when no documents are returned" do
+    let!(:result) do
+      context.find_one_and_delete
+    end
+
+    context 'when the selector matches a document' do
+
+      it "returns the first matching document" do
+        expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+      end
+
+      it "deletes the document from the database" do
+        expect {
+          depeche.reload
+        }.to raise_error(Mongoid::Errors::DocumentNotFound, /Document\(s\) not found for class Band with id\(s\)/)
+      end
+
+      context 'when a collation is specified on the criteria' do
+        min_server_version '3.4'
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        let!(:result) do
+          context.find_one_and_delete
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(result).to eq(depeche)
+        end
+
+        it "deletes the document from the database" do
+          expect {
+            depeche.reload
+          }.to raise_error(Mongoid::Errors::DocumentNotFound, /Document\(s\) not found for class Band with id\(s\)/)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when the selector does not match a document' do
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "Placebo")
+      end
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      let(:result) do
+        context.find_one_and_delete
+      end
+
+      it "returns nil" do
+        expect(result).to be_nil
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  [ :first, :one ].each do |method|
+
+    describe "##{method}" do
+
+      let!(:depeche_mode) do
+        Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      end
+
+      let!(:new_order) do
+        Band.create!(name: "New Order")
+      end
+
+      let!(:rolling_stones) do
+        Band.create!(name: "The Rolling Stones")
+      end
+
+      context "when the context is not cached" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        it "returns the first matching document" do
+          expect(context.send(method)).to eq(depeche_mode)
+        end
+
+        context 'when the criteria has a collation' do
+          min_server_version '3.4'
+
+          let(:criteria) do
+            Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+          end
+
+          it "returns the first matching document" do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(depeche_mode)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when using .desc" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.desc(:name)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        context "when there is sort on the context" do
+
+          it "follows the main sort" do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(rolling_stones)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when subsequently calling #last" do
+
+          it "returns the correct document" do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(rolling_stones)
+            expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when the criteria has no sort' do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.all
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+
+        it 'applies a sort on _id' do
+          expect(context.send(method)).to eq(depeche_mode)
+        end
+
+        context 'when calling #last' do
+
+          it 'returns the last document, sorted by _id' do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(depeche_mode)
+            expect(context.last).to eq(rolling_stones)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when the criteria has a sort' do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.desc(:name)
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        it 'applies the criteria sort' do
+          expect(context.send(method)).to eq(rolling_stones)
+        end
+
+        context 'when calling #last' do
+
+          it 'applies the criteria sort' do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(rolling_stones)
+            expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when using .sort" do
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.all.sort(:name => -1).criteria
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        context "when there is sort on the context" do
+
+          it "follows the main sort" do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(rolling_stones)
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when subsequently calling #last" do
+
+          it "returns the correct document" do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(rolling_stones)
+            expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when the query cache is enabled" do
+        query_cache_enabled
+
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        end
+
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
+        end
+
+        context "when first method was called before" do
+
+          before do
+            context.first
+          end
+
+          it "returns the first document without touching the database" do
+            expect_no_queries do
+              expect(context.send(method)).to eq(depeche_mode)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      context "when including a limit" do
+
+        context "when the context is not cached" do
+
+          let(:context) do
+            described_class.new(criteria)
+          end
+
+          context "when the limit is 1" do
+            let(:criteria) do
+              Band.criteria
+            end
+
+            let(:docs) do
+              context.send(method, 1)
+            end
+
+            it "returns an array of documents" do
+              expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode ])
+            end
+          end
+
+          context "when the limit is >1" do
+            let(:criteria) do
+              Band.criteria
+            end
+
+            let(:docs) do
+              context.send(method, 2)
+            end
+
+            it "returns the number of documents in order" do
+              expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order ])
+            end
+          end
+
+          context 'when the criteria has a collation' do
+            min_server_version '3.4'
+
+            let(:criteria) do
+              Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
+            end
+
+            it "returns the first matching document" do
+              expect(context.send(method, 1)).to eq([ depeche_mode ])
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        context "when the query cache is enabled" do
+
+          let(:context) do
+            described_class.new(criteria)
+          end
+
+          context "when calling first beforehand" do
+            query_cache_enabled
+
+            let(:context) do
+              described_class.new(criteria)
+            end
+
+            let(:criteria) do
+              Band.all
+            end
+
+            before do
+              context.first(before_limit)
+            end
+
+            let(:docs) do
+              context.send(method, limit)
+            end
 
-      let(:game_metadata) do
-        Person.reflect_on_association(:game)
-      end
+            context "when getting all of the documents before" do
+              let(:before_limit) { 3 }
 
-      it "does not make any additional database queries" do
-        game_metadata.should_receive(:eager_load).never
-        context.send(:eager_load, [])
-      end
-    end
-  end
+              context "when getting all of the documents" do
+                let(:limit) { 3 }
 
-  describe "#exists?" do
+                it "returns all documents without touching the database" do
+                  expect_no_queries do
+                    expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order, rolling_stones ])
+                  end
+                end
+              end
 
-    before do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
-    end
+              context "when getting fewer documents" do
+                let(:limit) { 2 }
 
-    context "when the count is zero" do
+                it "returns the correct documents without touching the database" do
+                  expect_no_queries do
+                    expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order ])
+                  end
+                end
+              end
+            end
 
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.where(name: "New Order")
-      end
+            context "when getting fewer documents before" do
+              let(:before_limit) { 2 }
 
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
-      end
+              context "when getting the same number of documents" do
+                let(:limit) { 2 }
 
-      it "returns false" do
-        context.should_not be_exists
-      end
-    end
+                it "returns the correct documents without touching the database" do
+                  expect_no_queries do
+                    expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order ])
+                  end
+                end
+              end
 
-    context "when the count is greater than zero" do
+              context "when getting more documents" do
+                let(:limit) { 3 }
 
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
-      end
+                it "returns the correct documents and touches the database" do
+                  expect_query(1) do
+                    expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order, rolling_stones ])
+                  end
+                end
+              end
+            end
 
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
-      end
+            context "when getting one document before" do
+              let(:before_limit) { 1 }
 
-      it "returns true" do
-        context.should be_exists
-      end
-    end
+              context "when getting one document" do
+                let(:limit) { 1 }
 
-    context "when caching is enabled" do
+                it "returns the correct documents without touching the database" do
+                  expect_no_queries do
+                    expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode ])
+                  end
+                end
+              end
 
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode").cache
-      end
+              context "when getting more than one document" do
+                let(:limit) { 3 }
 
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
+                it "returns the correct documents and touches the database" do
+                  expect_query(1) do
+                    expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order, rolling_stones ])
+                  end
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
       end
 
-      context "when the cache is loaded" do
+      context "when calling #first then #last and the query cache is enabled" do
+        query_cache_enabled
 
-        before do
-          context.to_a
+        let(:context) do
+          described_class.new(criteria)
         end
 
-        it "does not hit the database" do
-          context.should_receive(:query).never
-          context.should be_exists
+        let(:criteria) do
+          Band.all
         end
-      end
 
-      context "when the cache is not loaded" do
+        before do
+          context.first(before_limit)
+        end
 
-        context "when a count has been executed" do
+        let(:docs) do
+          context.last(limit)
+        end
 
-          before do
-            context.count
-          end
+        context "when getting one from the beginning and one from the end" do
+          let(:before_limit) { 2 }
+          let(:limit) { 1 }
 
-          it "does not hit the database" do
-            context.should_receive(:query).never
-            context.should be_exists
+          it "gets the correct document and hits the database" do
+            expect_query(1) do
+              expect(docs).to eq([rolling_stones])
+            end
           end
         end
       end
     end
   end
 
-  describe "#explain" do
-
-    let(:criteria) do
-      Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
-    end
-
-    let(:context) do
-      described_class.new(criteria)
-    end
-
-    it "returns the criteria explain path" do
-      context.explain["cursor"].should eq("BasicCursor")
+  describe "#last" do
+    let!(:depeche_mode) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
     end
-  end
-
-  describe "#find_and_modify" do
 
-    let!(:depeche) do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    let!(:new_order) do
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
     end
 
-    let!(:tool) do
-      Band.create(name: "Tool")
+    let!(:rolling_stones) do
+      Band.create!(name: "The Rolling Stones")
     end
 
-    context "when the selector matches" do
-
-      context "when not providing options" do
-
-        let(:criteria) do
-          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
-        end
-
-        let(:context) do
-          described_class.new(criteria)
-        end
+    context "when the context is not cached" do
 
-        let!(:result) do
-          context.find_and_modify("$inc" => { likes: 1 })
-        end
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      end
 
-        it "returns the first matching document" do
-          result.should eq(depeche)
-        end
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
 
-        it "updates the document in the database" do
-          depeche.reload.likes.should eq(1)
-        end
+      it "returns the last matching document" do
+        expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
       end
 
-      context "when sorting" do
+      context 'when the criteria has a collation' do
+        min_server_version '3.4'
 
         let(:criteria) do
-          Band.desc(:name)
-        end
-
-        let(:context) do
-          described_class.new(criteria)
+          Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
         end
 
-        let!(:result) do
-          context.find_and_modify("$inc" => { likes: 1 })
+        it "returns the last matching document" do
+          expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
         end
+      end
+    end
 
-        it "returns the first matching document" do
-          result.should eq(tool)
-        end
+    context "when using .desc" do
 
-        it "updates the document in the database" do
-          tool.reload.likes.should eq(1)
-        end
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.desc(:name)
       end
 
-      context "when limiting fields" do
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
 
-        let(:criteria) do
-          Band.only(:_id)
-        end
+      context "when there is sort on the context" do
 
-        let(:context) do
-          described_class.new(criteria)
+        it "follows the main sort" do
+          expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
         end
+      end
 
-        let!(:result) do
-          context.find_and_modify("$inc" => { likes: 1 })
-        end
+      context "when subsequently calling #first" do
 
-        it "returns the first matching document" do
-          result.should eq(depeche)
+        it "returns the correct document" do
+          expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+          expect(context.first).to eq(rolling_stones)
         end
+      end
+    end
 
-        it "limits the returned fields" do
-          result.name.should be_nil
-        end
+    context 'when the criteria has no sort' do
 
-        it "updates the document in the database" do
-          depeche.reload.likes.should eq(1)
-        end
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.all
       end
 
-      context "when returning new" do
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
 
-        let(:criteria) do
-          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
-        end
+      it 'applies a sort on _id' do
+        expect(context.last).to eq(rolling_stones)
+      end
 
-        let(:context) do
-          described_class.new(criteria)
-        end
+      context 'when calling #first' do
 
-        let!(:result) do
-          context.find_and_modify({ "$inc" => { likes: 1 }}, new: true)
+        it 'returns the first document, sorted by _id' do
+          expect(context.last).to eq(rolling_stones)
+          expect(context.first).to eq(depeche_mode)
         end
+      end
+    end
 
-        it "returns the first matching document" do
-          result.should eq(depeche)
-        end
+    context 'when the criteria has a sort' do
 
-        it "returns the updated document" do
-          result.likes.should eq(1)
-        end
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.desc(:name)
       end
 
-      context "when removing" do
-
-        let(:criteria) do
-          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
-        end
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
 
-        let(:context) do
-          described_class.new(criteria)
-        end
 
-        let!(:result) do
-          context.find_and_modify({}, remove: true)
-        end
+      it 'applies the criteria sort' do
+        expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+      end
 
-        it "returns the first matching document" do
-          result.should eq(depeche)
-        end
+      context 'when calling #first' do
 
-        it "deletes the document from the database" do
-          expect {
-            depeche.reload
-          }.to raise_error(Mongoid::Errors::DocumentNotFound)
+        it 'applies the criteria sort' do
+          expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+          expect(context.first).to eq(rolling_stones)
         end
       end
     end
 
-    context "when the selector does not match" do
+    context "when using .sort" do
 
       let(:criteria) do
-        Band.where(name: "Placebo")
+        Band.all.sort(:name => -1).criteria
       end
 
       let(:context) do
         described_class.new(criteria)
       end
 
-      let(:result) do
-        context.find_and_modify("$inc" => { likes: 1 })
+      context "when there is sort on the context" do
+
+        it "follows the main sort" do
+          expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+        end
       end
 
-      it "returns nil" do
-        result.should be_nil
+      context "when subsequently calling #first" do
+
+        it "returns the correct document" do
+          expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+          expect(context.first).to eq(rolling_stones)
+        end
       end
     end
-  end
 
-  [ :first, :one ].each do |method|
-
-    describe "##{method}" do
+    context "when the query cache is enabled" do
+      query_cache_enabled
 
-      let!(:depeche_mode) do
-        Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
       end
 
-      let!(:new_order) do
-        Band.create(name: "New Order")
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
       end
 
-      context "when the context is not cached" do
-
-        let(:criteria) do
-          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode")
-        end
+      context "when last method was called before" do
 
-        let(:context) do
-          described_class.new(criteria)
+        before do
+          context.last
         end
 
-        it "returns the first matching document" do
-          context.send(method).should eq(depeche_mode)
+        it "returns the last document without touching the database" do
+          expect_no_queries do
+            expect(context.last).to eq(depeche_mode)
+          end
         end
       end
+    end
 
-      context "when using .desc" do
+    context "when including a limit" do
 
-        let(:criteria) do
-          Band.desc(:name)
-        end
+      context "when the context is not cached" do
 
         let(:context) do
           described_class.new(criteria)
         end
 
-        context "when there is sort on the context" do
-
-          it "follows the main sort" do
-            context.send(method).should eq(new_order)
+        context "when the limit is 1" do
+          let(:criteria) do
+            Band.criteria
           end
-        end
 
-        context "when subsequently calling #last" do
+          let(:docs) do
+            context.last(1)
+          end
 
-          it "returns the correnct document" do
-            context.send(method).should eq(new_order)
-            context.last.should eq(depeche_mode)
+          it "returns an array of documents" do
+            expect(docs).to eq([ rolling_stones ])
           end
         end
-      end
 
-      context "when using .sort" do
+        context "when the limit is >1" do
+          let(:criteria) do
+            Band.criteria
+          end
 
-        let(:criteria) do
-          Band.all.sort(:name => -1).criteria
-        end
+          let(:docs) do
+            context.last(2)
+          end
 
-        let(:context) do
-          described_class.new(criteria)
+          it "returns the number of documents in order" do
+            expect(docs).to eq([ new_order, rolling_stones ])
+          end
         end
 
-        context "when there is sort on the context" do
+        context 'when the criteria has a collation' do
+          min_server_version '3.4'
 
-          it "follows the main sort" do
-            context.send(method).should eq(new_order)
+          let(:criteria) do
+            Band.where(name: "DEPECHE MODE").collation(locale: 'en_US', strength: 2)
           end
-        end
 
-        context "when subsequently calling #last" do
-
-          it "returns the correnct document" do
-            context.send(method).should eq(new_order)
-            context.last.should eq(depeche_mode)
+          it "returns the first matching document" do
+            expect(context.last(1)).to eq([ depeche_mode ])
           end
         end
       end
 
       context "when the context is cached" do
 
-        let(:criteria) do
-          Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode").cache
-        end
-
         let(:context) do
           described_class.new(criteria)
         end
 
-        context "when the cache is loaded" do
+        context "when query cache is enabled" do
+          query_cache_enabled
+
+          let(:context) do
+            described_class.new(criteria)
+          end
+
+          let(:criteria) do
+            Band.all
+          end
 
           before do
-            context.to_a
+            context.last(before_limit)
           end
 
-          it "returns the first document without touching the database" do
-            context.should_receive(:query).never
-            context.send(method).should eq(depeche_mode)
+          let(:docs) do
+            context.last(limit)
           end
-        end
-      end
-    end
-  end
 
-  describe "#initialize" do
+          context "when getting all of the documents before" do
+            let(:before_limit) { 3 }
 
-    let(:criteria) do
-      Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode").no_timeout
-    end
+            context "when getting all of the documents" do
+              let(:limit) { 3 }
 
-    let(:context) do
-      described_class.new(criteria)
-    end
+              it "returns all documents without touching the db" do
+                expect_no_queries do
+                  expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order, rolling_stones ])
+                end
+              end
+            end
 
-    it "sets the criteria" do
-      context.criteria.should eq(criteria)
-    end
+            context "when getting fewer documents" do
+              let(:limit) { 2 }
 
-    it "sets the klass" do
-      context.klass.should eq(Band)
-    end
+              it "returns the correct documents without touching the db" do
+                expect_no_queries do
+                  expect(docs).to eq([ new_order, rolling_stones ])
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+
+          context "when getting fewer documents before" do
+            let(:before_limit) { 2 }
+
+            context "when getting the same number of documents" do
+              let(:limit) { 2 }
+
+              it "returns the correct documents without touching the db" do
+                expect_no_queries do
+                  expect(docs).to eq([ new_order, rolling_stones ])
+                end
+              end
+            end
 
-    it "sets the query" do
-      context.query.should be_a(Moped::Query)
-    end
+            context "when getting more documents" do
+              let(:limit) { 3 }
 
-    it "sets the query selector" do
-      context.query.selector.should eq({ "name" => "Depeche Mode" })
-    end
+              it "returns the correct documents and touches the database" do
+                expect_query(1) do
+                  expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order, rolling_stones ])
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
 
-    it "sets timeout options" do
-      context.query.operation.flags.should eq([ :no_cursor_timeout ])
-    end
-  end
+          context "when getting one document before" do
+            let(:before_limit) { 1 }
 
-  describe "#last" do
+            context "when getting one document" do
+              let(:limit) { 1 }
 
-    context "when no default scope" do
+              it "returns the correct documents without touching the database" do
+                expect_no_queries do
+                  expect(docs).to eq([ rolling_stones ])
+                end
+              end
+            end
 
-      let!(:depeche_mode) do
-        Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
-      end
+            context "when getting more than one document" do
+              let(:limit) { 3 }
 
-      let!(:new_order) do
-        Band.create(name: "New Order")
+              it "returns the correct documents and touches the database" do
+                expect_query(1) do
+                  expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order, rolling_stones ])
+                end
+              end
+            end
+          end
+        end
       end
+    end
 
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.all
-      end
+    context "when calling #last then #first and the query cache is enabled" do
+      query_cache_enabled
 
       let(:context) do
         described_class.new(criteria)
       end
 
-      it "returns the last matching document" do
-        context.last.should eq(new_order)
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.all
       end
-    end
 
-    context "when default scope" do
-
-      let!(:palm) do
-        Tree.create(name: "Palm")
+      before do
+        context.last(before_limit)
       end
 
-      let!(:maple) do
-        Tree.create(name: "Maple")
+      let(:docs) do
+        context.first(limit)
       end
 
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Tree.all
-      end
+      context "when getting one from the beginning and one from the end" do
+        let(:before_limit) { 2 }
+        let(:limit) { 1 }
 
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
-      end
+        it "hits the database" do
+          expect_query(1) do
+            docs
+          end
+        end
 
-      it "respects default scope" do
-        context.last.should eq(palm)
+        it "gets the correct document" do
+          expect(docs).to eq([ depeche_mode ])
+        end
       end
     end
+  end
 
-    context "when subsequently calling #first" do
+  describe "#initialize" do
 
-      let!(:depeche_mode) do
-        Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
-      end
+    let(:criteria) do
+      Band.where(name: "Depeche Mode").no_timeout
+    end
 
-      let!(:new_order) do
-        Band.create(name: "New Order")
-      end
+    let(:context) do
+      described_class.new(criteria)
+    end
 
-      let(:criteria) do
-        Band.asc(:name)
-      end
+    it "sets the criteria" do
+      expect(context.criteria).to eq(criteria)
+    end
 
-      let(:context) do
-        described_class.new(criteria)
-      end
+    it "sets the klass" do
+      expect(context.klass).to eq(Band)
+    end
 
-      it "returns the correnct document" do
-        context.last.should eq(new_order)
-        context.first.should eq(depeche_mode)
-      end
+    it "sets the view" do
+      expect(context.view).to be_a(Mongo::Collection::View)
+    end
+
+    it "sets the view selector" do
+      expect(context.view.selector).to eq({ "name" => "Depeche Mode" })
     end
   end
 
@@ -901,8 +2568,8 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     describe "##{method}" do
 
       before do
-        Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
-        Band.create(name: "New Order")
+        Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+        Band.create!(name: "New Order")
       end
 
       context "when the criteria has a limit" do
@@ -915,41 +2582,28 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
           described_class.new(criteria)
         end
 
-        it "returns the number of documents that match" do
-          context.send(method).should eq(2)
-        end
-
-        context "when calling more than once" do
-
-          before do
-            context.query.should_receive(:count).once.and_return(2)
-          end
+        context "when broken_view_options is false" do
+          driver_config_override :broken_view_options, false
 
-          it "returns the cached value for subsequent calls" do
-            2.times { context.send(method).should eq(2) }
+          it "returns the number of documents that match" do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(1)
           end
         end
 
-        context "when the results have been iterated over" do
-
-          before do
-            context.entries
-            context.query.should_receive(:count).once.and_return(2)
-          end
+        context "when broken_view_options is true" do
+          driver_config_override :broken_view_options, true
 
-          it "returns the cached value for all calls" do
-            context.send(method).should eq(2)
+          it "returns the number of documents that match" do
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(2)
           end
+        end
 
-          context "when the results have been iterated over multiple times" do
-
-            before do
-              context.entries
-            end
+        context "when calling more than once with different limits" do
+          driver_config_override :broken_view_options, false
 
-            it "resets the length on each full iteration" do
-              context.should have(2).items
-            end
+          it "does not cache the value" do
+            expect(context.limit(1).send(method)).to eq(1)
+            expect(context.limit(2).send(method)).to eq(2)
           end
         end
       end
@@ -965,17 +2619,15 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "returns the number of documents that match" do
-          context.send(method).should eq(1)
+          expect(context.send(method)).to eq(1)
         end
 
-        context "when calling more than once" do
+        context "when calling more than once with different skips" do
+          driver_config_override :broken_view_options, false
 
-          before do
-            context.query.should_receive(:count).once.and_return(1)
-          end
-
-          it "returns the cached value for subsequent calls" do
-            2.times { context.send(method).should eq(1) }
+          it "does not cache the value" do
+            expect(context.skip(0).send(method)).to eq(1)
+            expect(context.skip(1).send(method)).to eq(0)
           end
         end
 
@@ -983,11 +2635,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
 
           before do
             context.entries
-            context.query.should_receive(:count).once.and_return(1)
           end
 
           it "returns the cached value for all calls" do
-            context.send(method).should eq(1)
+            expect(context.view).to receive(:count_documents).once.and_return(1)
+            expect(context.send(method)).to eq(1)
           end
 
           context "when the results have been iterated over multiple times" do
@@ -997,7 +2649,7 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
             end
 
             it "resets the length on each full iteration" do
-              context.should have(1).item
+              expect(context.size).to eq(1)
             end
           end
         end
@@ -1008,11 +2660,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
   describe "#limit" do
 
     let!(:depeche_mode) do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
     end
 
     let!(:new_order) do
-      Band.create(name: "New Order")
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
     end
 
     let(:criteria) do
@@ -1024,15 +2676,89 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     end
 
     it "limits the results" do
-      context.limit(1).entries.should eq([ depeche_mode ])
+      expect(context.limit(1).entries).to eq([ depeche_mode ])
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#take" do
+
+    let!(:depeche_mode) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let!(:new_order) do
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
+    end
+
+    let!(:rolling_stones) do
+      Band.create!(name: "The Rolling Stones")
+    end
+
+    let(:criteria) do
+      Band.all
+    end
+
+    let(:context) do
+      described_class.new(criteria)
+    end
+
+    it "takes the correct number results" do
+      expect(context.take(2)).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order ])
+    end
+
+    it "returns an array when passing 1" do
+      expect(context.take(1)).to eq([ depeche_mode ])
+    end
+
+    it "does not return an array when not passing an argument" do
+      expect(context.take).to eq(depeche_mode)
+    end
+
+    it "returns all the documents taking more than whats in the db" do
+      expect(context.take(5)).to eq([ depeche_mode, new_order, rolling_stones ])
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe "#take!" do
+
+    let!(:depeche_mode) do
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+    end
+
+    let!(:new_order) do
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
+    end
+
+    let!(:rolling_stones) do
+      Band.create!(name: "The Rolling Stones")
+    end
+
+    let(:criteria) do
+      Band.all
+    end
+
+    let(:context) do
+      described_class.new(criteria)
+    end
+
+    it "takes the first document" do
+      expect(context.take!).to eq(depeche_mode)
+    end
+
+    context "when there are no documents" do
+      it "raises an error" do
+        expect do
+          Person.take!
+        end.to raise_error(Mongoid::Errors::DocumentNotFound, /Could not find a document of class Person./)
+      end
     end
   end
 
   describe "#map" do
 
     before do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
-      Band.create(name: "New Order")
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
     end
 
     let(:criteria) do
@@ -1045,20 +2771,17 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
 
     context "when passed the symbol field name" do
 
-      it "limits query to that field" do
-        criteria.should_receive(:only).with(:name).and_call_original
-        context.map(:name)
-      end
-
-      it "performs mapping" do
-        context.map(:name).should eq ["Depeche Mode", "New Order"]
+      it "raises an error" do
+        expect do
+          context.map(:name)
+        end.to raise_error(ArgumentError)
       end
     end
 
     context "when passed a block" do
 
       it "performs mapping" do
-        context.map(&:name).should eq ["Depeche Mode", "New Order"]
+        expect(context.map(&:name)).to eq ["Depeche Mode", "New Order"]
       end
     end
   end
@@ -1066,11 +2789,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
   describe "#map_reduce" do
 
     let!(:depeche_mode) do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode", likes: 200)
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode", likes: 200)
     end
 
     let!(:tool) do
-      Band.create(name: "Tool", likes: 100)
+      Band.create!(name: "Tool", likes: 100)
     end
 
     let(:map) do
@@ -1091,6 +2814,10 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       }}
     end
 
+    let(:ordered_results) do
+      results['results'].sort_by { |doc| doc['_id'] }
+    end
+
     context "when no selection is provided" do
 
       let(:criteria) do
@@ -1106,52 +2833,56 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the first aggregate result" do
-        results.should include(
+        expect(results).to include(
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         )
       end
 
       it "returns the second aggregate result" do
-        results.should include(
+        expect(results).to include(
           { "_id" => "Tool", "value" => { "likes" => 100 }}
         )
       end
 
       it "returns the correct number of documents" do
-        results.count.should eq(2)
+        expect(results.count).to eq(2)
       end
 
       it "contains the entire raw results" do
-        results["results"].should eq([
+        expect(ordered_results).to eq([
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }},
           { "_id" => "Tool", "value" => { "likes" => 100 }}
         ])
       end
 
-      it "contains the execution time" do
-        results.time.should_not be_nil
-      end
+      context 'when statistics are available' do
+        max_server_version '4.2'
 
-      it "contains the count statistics" do
-        results["counts"].should eq({
-          "input" => 2, "emit" => 2, "reduce" => 0, "output" => 2
-        })
-      end
+        it "contains the execution time" do
+          expect(results.time).to_not be_nil
+        end
 
-      it "contains the input count" do
-        results.input.should eq(2)
-      end
+        it "contains the count statistics" do
+          expect(results["counts"]).to eq({
+            "input" => 2, "emit" => 2, "reduce" => 0, "output" => 2
+          })
+        end
 
-      it "contains the emitted count" do
-        results.emitted.should eq(2)
-      end
+        it "contains the input count" do
+          expect(results.input).to eq(2)
+        end
 
-      it "contains the reduced count" do
-        results.reduced.should eq(0)
-      end
+        it "contains the emitted count" do
+          expect(results.emitted).to eq(2)
+        end
 
-      it "contains the output count" do
-        results.output.should eq(2)
+        it "contains the reduced count" do
+          expect(results.reduced).to eq(0)
+        end
+
+        it "contains the output count" do
+          expect(results.output).to eq(2)
+        end
       end
     end
 
@@ -1170,45 +2901,49 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "includes the aggregate result" do
-        results.should include(
+        expect(results).to include(
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         )
       end
 
       it "returns the correct number of documents" do
-        results.count.should eq(1)
+        expect(results.count).to eq(1)
       end
 
       it "contains the entire raw results" do
-        results["results"].should eq([
+        expect(ordered_results).to eq([
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         ])
       end
 
-      it "contains the execution time" do
-        results.time.should_not be_nil
-      end
+      context 'when statistics are available' do
+        max_server_version '4.2'
 
-      it "contains the count statistics" do
-        results["counts"].should eq({
-          "input" => 1, "emit" => 1, "reduce" => 0, "output" => 1
-        })
-      end
+        it "contains the execution time" do
+          expect(results.time).to_not be_nil
+        end
 
-      it "contains the input count" do
-        results.input.should eq(1)
-      end
+        it "contains the count statistics" do
+          expect(results["counts"]).to eq({
+            "input" => 1, "emit" => 1, "reduce" => 0, "output" => 1
+          })
+        end
 
-      it "contains the emitted count" do
-        results.emitted.should eq(1)
-      end
+        it "contains the input count" do
+          expect(results.input).to eq(1)
+        end
 
-      it "contains the reduced count" do
-        results.reduced.should eq(0)
-      end
+        it "contains the emitted count" do
+          expect(results.emitted).to eq(1)
+        end
 
-      it "contains the output count" do
-        results.output.should eq(1)
+        it "contains the reduced count" do
+          expect(results.reduced).to eq(0)
+        end
+
+        it "contains the output count" do
+          expect(results.output).to eq(1)
+        end
       end
     end
 
@@ -1232,23 +2967,23 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the first aggregate result" do
-        results.should include(
+        expect(results).to include(
           { "_id" => "Tool", "value" => { "likes" => 100 }}
         )
       end
 
       it "returns the second aggregate result" do
-        results.should include(
+        expect(results).to include(
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         )
       end
 
       it "returns the correct number of documents" do
-        results.count.should eq(2)
+        expect(results.count).to eq(2)
       end
 
       it "contains the entire raw results" do
-        results["results"].should eq([
+        expect(ordered_results).to eq([
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }},
           { "_id" => "Tool", "value" => { "likes" => 100 }}
         ])
@@ -1256,6 +2991,9 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     end
 
     context "when limiting is provided" do
+      # map/reduce with limit is not supported on sharded clusters:
+      # https://jira.mongodb.org/browse/SERVER-2099
+      require_topology :single, :replica_set
 
       let(:criteria) do
         Band.limit(1)
@@ -1270,17 +3008,17 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the first aggregate result" do
-        results.should include(
+        expect(results).to include(
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         )
       end
 
       it "returns the correct number of documents" do
-        results.count.should eq(1)
+        expect(results.count).to eq(1)
       end
 
       it "contains the entire raw results" do
-        results["results"].should eq([
+        expect(results["results"]).to eq([
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         ])
       end
@@ -1301,11 +3039,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the correct number of documents" do
-        results.count.should eq(1)
+        expect(results.count).to eq(1)
       end
 
       it "contains the entire results" do
-        results.should eq([
+        expect(results).to eq([
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         ])
       end
@@ -1326,11 +3064,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the correct number of documents" do
-        results.count.should eq(1)
+        expect(results.count).to eq(1)
       end
 
       it "contains the entire results" do
-        results.should eq([
+        expect(results).to eq([
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         ])
       end
@@ -1351,16 +3089,77 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the correct number of documents" do
-        results.count.should eq(1)
+        expect(results.count).to eq(1)
       end
 
       it "contains the entire results" do
-        results.should eq([
+        expect(results).to eq([
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
         ])
       end
     end
 
+    context "when the output specifies a different db" do
+      # Limit is not supported in sharded clusters
+      require_topology :single, :replica_set
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.limit(1)
+      end
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      after do
+        Band.with(database: 'another-db') do |b|
+          b.all.delete
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when db is a string' do
+
+        let(:results) do
+          context.map_reduce(map, reduce).out(merge: :mr_output, db: 'another-db')
+        end
+
+        it "returns the correct number of documents" do
+          expect(results.count).to eq(1)
+        end
+
+        it "contains the entire results" do
+          expect(results).to eq([
+                                    { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
+                                ])
+        end
+
+        it 'writes to the specified db' do
+          expect(Band.mongo_client.with(database: 'another-db')[:mr_output].find.count).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+
+      context 'when db is a symbol' do
+
+        let(:results) do
+          context.map_reduce(map, reduce).out(merge: :mr_output, 'db' => 'another-db')
+        end
+
+        it "returns the correct number of documents" do
+          expect(results.count).to eq(1)
+        end
+
+        it "contains the entire results" do
+          expect(results).to eq([
+                                    { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200 }}
+                                ])
+        end
+
+        it 'writes to the specified db' do
+          expect(Band.mongo_client.with(database: 'another-db')[:mr_output].find.count).to eq(1)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+
     context "when providing no output" do
 
       let(:criteria) do
@@ -1405,11 +3204,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "returns the correct number of documents" do
-        results.count.should eq(1)
+        expect(results.count).to eq(1)
       end
 
       it "contains the entire results" do
-        results.should eq([
+        expect(results).to eq([
           { "_id" => "Depeche Mode", "value" => { "likes" => 200, "extra" => true }}
         ])
       end
@@ -1419,11 +3218,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
   describe "#skip" do
 
     let!(:depeche_mode) do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
     end
 
     let!(:new_order) do
-      Band.create(name: "New Order")
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
     end
 
     let(:criteria) do
@@ -1435,18 +3234,18 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     end
 
     it "limits the results" do
-      context.skip(1).entries.should eq([ new_order ])
+      expect(context.skip(1).entries).to eq([ new_order ])
     end
   end
 
   describe "#sort" do
 
     let!(:depeche_mode) do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
     end
 
     let!(:new_order) do
-      Band.create(name: "New Order")
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
     end
 
     let(:criteria) do
@@ -1460,11 +3259,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     context "when providing a spec" do
 
       it "sorts the results" do
-        context.sort(name: -1).entries.should eq([ new_order, depeche_mode ])
+        expect(context.sort(name: -1).entries).to eq([ new_order, depeche_mode ])
       end
 
       it "returns the context" do
-        context.sort(name: 1).should eq(context)
+        expect(context.sort(name: 1)).to eq(context)
       end
     end
 
@@ -1477,7 +3276,7 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       end
 
       it "sorts the results in memory" do
-        sorted.should eq([ new_order, depeche_mode ])
+        expect(sorted).to eq([ new_order, depeche_mode ])
       end
     end
   end
@@ -1485,11 +3284,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
   describe "#update" do
 
     let!(:depeche_mode) do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode")
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode")
     end
 
     let!(:new_order) do
-      Band.create(name: "New Order")
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
     end
 
     let(:criteria) do
@@ -1500,6 +3299,26 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
       described_class.new(criteria)
     end
 
+    context "when adding an element to a HABTM set" do
+
+      let(:person) do
+        Person.create!
+      end
+
+      let(:preference) do
+        Preference.create!
+      end
+
+      before do
+        Person.where(id: person.id).
+          update("$addToSet" => { preference_ids: preference.id })
+      end
+
+      it "adds a single element to the array" do
+        expect(person.reload.preference_ids).to eq([ preference.id ])
+      end
+    end
+
     context "when providing attributes" do
 
       context "when the attributes are of the correct type" do
@@ -1509,11 +3328,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "updates only the first matching document" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
         end
 
         it "does not update the last matching document" do
-          new_order.reload.name.should eq("New Order")
+          expect(new_order.reload.name).to eq("New Order")
         end
       end
 
@@ -1526,11 +3345,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
           end
 
           it "updates the first matching document" do
-            depeche_mode.reload.member_count.should eq(1)
+            expect(depeche_mode.reload.member_count).to eq(1)
           end
 
           it "does not update the last matching document" do
-            new_order.reload.member_count.should be_nil
+            expect(new_order.reload.member_count).to be_nil
           end
         end
 
@@ -1541,11 +3360,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
           end
 
           it "updates the first matching document" do
-            depeche_mode.reload.founded.should eq(Date.new(1979, 1, 1))
+            expect(depeche_mode.reload.founded).to eq(Date.new(1979, 1, 1))
           end
 
           it "does not update the last matching document" do
-            new_order.reload.founded.should be_nil
+            expect(new_order.reload.founded).to be_nil
           end
         end
       end
@@ -1562,11 +3381,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
           end
 
           it "updates the first matching document" do
-            depeche_mode.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+            expect(depeche_mode.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
           end
 
           it "does not update the last matching document" do
-            new_order.reload.name.should eq("New Order")
+            expect(new_order.reload.name).to eq("New Order")
           end
         end
 
@@ -1577,11 +3396,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
           end
 
           it "updates the first matching document" do
-            depeche_mode.reload.member_count.should eq(1)
+            expect(depeche_mode.reload.member_count).to eq(1)
           end
 
           it "does not update the last matching document" do
-            new_order.reload.member_count.should be_nil
+            expect(new_order.reload.member_count).to be_nil
           end
         end
       end
@@ -1593,19 +3412,19 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "updates the first matching document's set" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
         end
 
         it "updates the first matching document's updates" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.likes.should eq(100)
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.likes).to eq(100)
         end
 
         it "does not update the last matching document's set" do
-          new_order.reload.name.should eq("New Order")
+          expect(new_order.reload.name).to eq("New Order")
         end
 
         it "does not update the last matching document's updates" do
-          new_order.reload.likes.should be_nil
+          expect(new_order.reload.likes).to be_nil
         end
       end
     end
@@ -1613,7 +3432,43 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     context "when providing no attributes" do
 
       it "returns false" do
-        context.update.should be_false
+        expect(context.update).to be false
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when provided array filters' do
+      min_server_version '3.6'
+
+      before do
+        Band.delete_all
+        b = Band.new(name: 'Depeche Mode')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Warner')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Sony')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Cbs')
+        b.save!
+
+        b = Band.new(name: 'FKA Twigs')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Warner')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Cbs')
+        b.save!
+      end
+
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.where(name: 'Depeche Mode')
+      end
+
+      let!(:update) do
+        context.update({ '$set' => { 'labels.$[i].name' => 'Sony' } },
+                       array_filters: [{ 'i.name' => 'Cbs' }])
+      end
+
+      it 'applies the array filters' do
+        expect(Band.where(name: 'Depeche Mode').first.labels.collect(&:name)).to match_array(['Warner', 'Sony', 'Sony'])
+      end
+
+      it 'does not affect other documents' do
+        expect(Band.where(name: 'FKA Twigs').first.labels.collect(&:name)).to match_array(['Warner', 'Cbs'])
       end
     end
   end
@@ -1621,11 +3476,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
   describe "#update_all" do
 
     let!(:depeche_mode) do
-      Band.create(name: "Depeche Mode", origin: "Essex")
+      Band.create!(name: "Depeche Mode", origin: "Essex")
     end
 
     let!(:new_order) do
-      Band.create(name: "New Order")
+      Band.create!(name: "New Order")
     end
 
     let(:criteria) do
@@ -1645,15 +3500,15 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "updates the first matching document" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
         end
 
         it "does not clear out other attributes" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.origin.should eq("Essex")
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.origin).to eq("Essex")
         end
 
         it "updates the last matching document" do
-          new_order.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+          expect(new_order.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
         end
       end
 
@@ -1664,11 +3519,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "updates the first matching document" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.member_count.should eq(1)
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.member_count).to eq(1)
         end
 
         it "updates the last matching document" do
-          new_order.reload.member_count.should eq(1)
+          expect(new_order.reload.member_count).to eq(1)
         end
       end
 
@@ -1679,11 +3534,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "updates the first matching document" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.years.should eq(100)
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.years).to eq(100)
         end
 
         it "updates the last matching document" do
-          new_order.reload.years.should eq(100)
+          expect(new_order.reload.years).to eq(100)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -1699,11 +3554,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
           end
 
           it "updates the first matching document" do
-            depeche_mode.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+            expect(depeche_mode.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
           end
 
           it "updates the last matching document" do
-            new_order.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+            expect(new_order.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
           end
         end
 
@@ -1714,11 +3569,11 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
           end
 
           it "updates the first matching document" do
-            depeche_mode.reload.member_count.should eq(1)
+            expect(depeche_mode.reload.member_count).to eq(1)
           end
 
           it "updates the last matching document" do
-            new_order.reload.member_count.should eq(1)
+            expect(new_order.reload.member_count).to eq(1)
           end
         end
       end
@@ -1730,19 +3585,19 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
         end
 
         it "updates the first matching document's set" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
         end
 
         it "updates the first matching document's updates" do
-          depeche_mode.reload.likes.should eq(100)
+          expect(depeche_mode.reload.likes).to eq(100)
         end
 
         it "updates the last matching document's set" do
-          new_order.reload.name.should eq("Smiths")
+          expect(new_order.reload.name).to eq("Smiths")
         end
 
         it "updates the last matching document's updates" do
-          new_order.reload.likes.should eq(100)
+          expect(new_order.reload.likes).to eq(100)
         end
       end
     end
@@ -1750,7 +3605,74 @@ describe Mongoid::Contextual::Mongo do
     context "when providing no attributes" do
 
       it "returns false" do
-        context.update_all.should be_false
+        expect(context.update_all).to be false
+      end
+    end
+
+    context 'when provided array filters' do
+      min_server_version '3.6'
+
+      before do
+        Band.delete_all
+        b = Band.new(name: 'Depeche Mode')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Warner')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Sony')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Cbs')
+        b.save!
+
+        b = Band.new(name: 'FKA Twigs')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Warner')
+        b.labels << Label.new(name: 'Cbs')
+        b.save!
+      end
+
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Band.all
+      end
+
+      let!(:update) do
+        context.update_all({ '$set' => { 'labels.$[i].name' => 'Sony' } },
+                       array_filters: [{ 'i.name' => 'Cbs' }])
+      end
+
+      it 'applies the array filters' do
+        expect(Band.where(name: 'Depeche Mode').first.labels.collect(&:name)).to match_array(['Warner', 'Sony', 'Sony'])
+      end
+
+      it 'updates all documents' do
+        expect(Band.where(name: 'FKA Twigs').first.labels.collect(&:name)).to match_array(['Warner', 'Sony'])
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  describe '#pipeline' do
+
+    context 'when the criteria has a selector' do
+
+      before do
+        Artist.index(name: "text")
+        Artist.create_indexes
+      end
+
+      let(:criteria) do
+        Artist.text_search("New Order")
+      end
+
+      let(:context) do
+        described_class.new(criteria)
+      end
+
+      let(:pipeline_match) do
+        context.send(:pipeline, :some_field).first['$match']
+      end
+
+      it 'creates a pipeline with the selector as one of the $match criteria' do
+        expect(pipeline_match).to include({ '$text' => { '$search' => "New Order" } })
+      end
+
+      it 'creates a pipeline with the $exists operator as one of the $match criteria' do
+        expect(pipeline_match).to include({ 'some_field' => { '$exists' => true } })
       end
     end
   end