latinverb 0.2.0 → 0.9.2

data/lib/linguistics/latin/verb/classification_types.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# encoding: UTF-8
+module Linguistics
+  module Latin
+    module Verb
+=begin rdoc
+
+  == NAME
+
+  VerbTypes
+
+  == DESCRIPTION 
+
+  A VerbType is a parent, _conceptually abstract_  class for tracking
+  classifications of verbs.  At the present time it is an empty class.  It is
+  foreseeable, however, that in the future, it may be advantagous to associate
+  specific behaviors to it.  It is subclassed into the various types of Verbs
+  identified in Latin pedagogy:  First, Second, Third, ThirdIO, Fourth,
+  Irregular, and Deponent.  These classes, effectively, behave as strings as
+  attributes to the classification attribute within a LatinVerb.
+
+  VerbTypes, therefore, is the module containing these VerbTypes.
+
+=end
+      module VerbTypes 
+        ##
+        #--
+        # == DESCRIPTION
+        #
+        # Abstract ancestor class that defines the various subclass Verb Types
+        # ++
+        #
+        ##
+        class VerbType  # :nodoc:
+        end
+        class First     < VerbType # :nodoc: 
+        end
+        class Second    < VerbType # :nodoc: 
+        end
+        class Third     < VerbType # :nodoc: 
+        end
+        class ThirdIO   < VerbType # :nodoc: 
+        end
+        class Fourth    < VerbType # :nodoc: 
+        end
+        class Irregular < VerbType # :nodoc: 
+        end
+        class Deponent  < VerbType # :nodoc:
+        end
+        class Defective < VerbType # :nodoc:
+        end
+        class Impersonal < VerbType # :nodoc:
+        end
+        class Semideponent < VerbType # :nodoc:
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+

data/lib/linguistics/latin/verb/constants.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
+# encoding:  UTF-8
+module Linguistics
+  module Latin
+    module Verb
+      class LatinVerb
+        # :stopdoc: 
+        # active_present_endings: ("ap_"-prefixed)
+          AP_FIRST_AND_SECOND_CONJUG_PERS_ENDINGS = %w(s  t  mus  tis  nt)
+          AP_THIRD_CONJUG_PERS_ENDINGS            = %w(ō  is it   imus itis unt)
+          AP_THIRDIO_CONJG_PERS_ENDINGS           = %w(is it imus itis iunt)
+
+        # active_imperfect_endings: ("ai_"-prefixed)
+          AI_FIRST_AND_SECOND_CONJUG_PERS_ENDINGS = %w(bam bās bat bāmus bātis bant)
+          AI_THIRD_CONJUG_PERS_ENDINGS            = %w(ēbam ēbās ēbat ēbāmus ēbātis ēbant)
+
+        # active_future_endings: ("af_"-prefixed)
+          AF_ONE_TWO_ENDINGS = %w(bō bis bit bimus bitis bunt)
+          AF_OTHER_ENDINGS   = %w(am ēs et ēmus ētis ent)
+
+        # active_perfect_present: ("aperf"-prefixed)
+          APERF_ENDINGS        = %w(istī it imus istis ērunt)
+          APERF_PAST_ENDINGS   = PLUPERF_ENDINGS  =   
+                                 %w(eram erās erat erāmus erātis erant)
+          APERF_FUTURE_ENDINGS = %w(erō eris erit erimus eritis erint)
+
+        # passive endings
+          PASSIVE_ENDINGS_FIRST_AND_SECOND_CONJG = 
+            %w(r ris tur mur minī ntur)
+          PASSIVE_ENDINGS_OTHER                  =   
+            %w(r eris itur imur iminī untur)
+
+          PASS_PERF_PRESENT_ENDINGS = %w(sum es est sumus estis sunt)        
+          PASS_PERF_PAST_ENDINGS    = %w(eram erās erat erāmus erātis erant)
+          PASS_PERF_FUTURE_ENDINGS  = %w(erō eris erit erimus eritis erint)
+
+          PASS_PERF_SUBJ_ENDINGS    = %w(sim sis sit simus sitis sint)        
+          PASS_PLUPERF_PAST_ENDINGS = %w(essem essēs esset essēmus essētis essent)
+              
+        # subjunctive tools
+          # hash for getting a verb's subjunctive stem
+          # based off the W[e] F[ea]r [A] L[ia]r mnemonic
+          ACTIVE_PRESENT_SUBJUNCTIVE_ENDINGS = { 
+            :First   => lambda  { |x| return x + "ē"  },  
+            :Second  => lambda  { |x| return x + "eā" },
+            :Third   => lambda  { |x| return x + "ā"  },  
+            :Fourth  => lambda  { |x| return x + "iā" },
+            :ThirdIO => lambda  { |x| return x + "iā" }
+          }   
+
+        # Listing of all defective verbs
+        # See A&G Sec. 205
+        DEFECTIVE_VERBS = %w{
+          addormisco
+          adolesco
+          aio
+          albesco
+          arboresco
+          aresco
+          assenesco
+          auresco
+          candesco
+          canesco
+          celebresco
+          cornesco
+          crudesco
+          dulcesco
+          effor
+          erubesco
+          extollo
+          grandesco
+          inquam
+          languesco
+          latesco
+          longisco
+          lucesco
+          marcesco
+          matresco
+          mollesco
+          remollesco
+          siccesco
+          sterto
+          tenebresco
+          tremesco
+          tumesco
+          veteresco
+        }
+
+        # Listing of all impersonal verbs
+        # See A&G #207
+        IMPERSONAL_VERBS = %w{
+          accidit
+          addecet
+          advesperascit
+          certum est
+          condecet
+          constat
+          contingit
+          cōnstat
+          decet
+          dedecet
+          dēlecat
+          evenit
+          fit
+          fulgerat
+          grandinat
+          ifvat
+          interest
+          licet
+          lūcīscit hōc
+          miseret
+          necesse est
+          ningit
+          obtingit
+          obvenit
+          oportet
+          paenitet
+          piget
+          placet
+          pluit
+          pluo
+          praestat
+          pudet
+          restat
+          rēfert
+          rōrat
+          superest
+          taedet
+          tonat
+          vacat
+          vesperāscit
+          vidētur
+          ēvenit
+        }
+
+        # Present system only.  See A&G206
+        # There are probably more of these, but A&G only lists these two.
+        PRESENT_ONLY = %w{
+          maēre
+          ferīre
+          aiō
+          inquam
+          for
+          quaesō
+          ovāre
+        }
+
+        # See A&G # 192
+        SEMI_DEPONENTS = {
+          'audeō'  => %w(audēre ausus),
+          'fidō'   => %w(fidere fīsus),
+          'gaudeō' => %w(gaudēre gāvīsus),
+          'soleō'  => %w(solēre solitus),
+        }
+
+        # Irregular Verbs.  See A&G 197
+        IRREGULAR_VERBS = {
+          'sum'    => 'SUM_ESSE_FUĪ_FUTŪRUS',
+          'possum' => 'POSSUM_POSSE_POTUĪ',
+          'ferō'   => 'FERŌ_FERRE_TULĪ_LĀTUM',
+          'eō'     => 'EŌ_ĪRE_IVĪ_ITUM',
+          'nōlō'   => 'NŌLŌ_NŌLLE_NŌLUĪ',
+          'volō'   => 'VOLŌ_VELLE_VOLUĪ',
+          'mālō'   => 'MĀLŌ_MĀLLE_MĀLUĪ',
+          'dō'     => 'DŌ_DĀRE_DEDĪ_DATUM',
+          'edō'    => 'EDŌ_ĒSSE_ĒDĪ_ĒSUM',
+          'queō'   => 'QUEŌ_QUĪRE_QUĪVĪ',
+          'fiō'    => 'FIŌ_FIĒRĪ_FACTUS',
+          'prōsum' => 'PRŌSUM_PRŌDESSE_PRŌFUĪ_PRŌFUTŪRUS',
+          'meminī' => 'MEMINĪ_MEMINISSE',
+          'ōdī'    => 'ODĪ_ŌDISSE',
+          'coepī'  => 'COEPĪ_COEPISSE_COEPTUM'
+        }
+
+        MEANINGS = {
+          :active_voice_imperative_mood_future_tense => "Command that something be done in the future",
+          :active_voice_indicative_mood_future_tense=> "Action to take place in the future: 'I will eat a hamburger.'" ,
+          :active_voice_indicative_mood_futureperfect_tense => "Action to be completed in the future: 'I will have eaten a hamburger.'" ,
+          :active_voice_indicative_mood_imperfect_tense => "Sustained, habitual action in the past:  'I was eating hamburgers daily when I was a freshman.'" ,
+          :active_voice_indicative_mood_pastperfect_tense => "Action completed prior to a point in the past under discussion: 'I had eaten all the hamburgers (before my mother found out).'" ,
+          :active_voice_indicative_mood_perfect_tense => "Action completed in the past: 'I ate a hamburger.'" ,
+          :active_voice_indicative_mood_present_tense => "Present, possibly ongoing action relative to the speaker: 'I am eating a hamburger.  I eat a hamburger.'" ,
+          :active_voice_subjunctive_mood_imperfect_tense => "Subjunctive uses apply: commands, contrary to fact wishes, etc." ,
+          :active_voice_subjunctive_mood_pastperfect_tense => "Subjunctive uses apply: commands, contrary to fact wishes, etc." ,
+          :active_voice_subjunctive_mood_perfect_tense => "Subjunctive uses apply: commands, contrary to fact wishes, etc." ,
+          :active_voice_subjunctive_mood_present_tense => "Subjunctive uses apply: commands, contrary to fact wishes, etc." ,
+          :passive_voice_indicative_mood_future_tense => "Action to be performed on conjugant in future:  'The hamburger will be eaten.'" ,
+          :passive_voice_indicative_mood_futureperfect_tense => "Action is to be performed to completion on conjugant in future: 'The hamburger will have been eaten.'" ,
+          :passive_voice_indicative_mood_imperfect_tense => "Habitual action performed on the conjugant in the past: 'The hamburger was being eaten slowly by the BurgerHoarder.'" ,
+          :passive_voice_indicative_mood_pastperfect_tense => "Action was fully completed upon the conjugant at a time prior to a time in the past: 'The hamburger had been eaten before my mom came home.'" ,
+          :passive_voice_indicative_mood_perfect_tense => "Action was completed upon the conjugant in the past: 'The hamburger was eaten.'" ,
+          :passive_voice_indicative_mood_present_tense => "Conjugant is presently undergoing action in the present time: 'The hamburger is being eaten.'" ,
+          :passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_imperfect_tense => "Subjunctive uses apply: commands, contrary to fact wishes, etc." ,
+          :passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_pastperfect_tense => "Subjunctive uses apply: commands, contrary to fact wishes, etc." ,
+          :passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_perfect_tense => "Subjunctive uses apply: commands, contrary to fact wishes, etc." ,
+          :passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_present_tense => "Subjunctive uses apply: commands, contrary to fact wishes, etc." 
+}
+        # :startdoc:
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/linguistics/latin/verb/deponent_tense_methods.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+# encoding: UTF-8
+
+require 'linguistics/latin/verb/phonographia'
+require 'linguistics/latin/verb/latinverb/auxiliary_classes'
+require 'linguistics/latin/verb/deponent_tense_methods'
+require 'yaml'
+
+module Linguistics 
+  module Latin 
+    module Verb 
+      ##
+      #
+      # Applies mutations to the method calls for semi-deponents.
+      # Reference A&G 192:
+      #
+      # "A few verbs having no perfect stem are regular in the present, but
+      # appear in the tenses of completed action as deponents.  These are
+      # called Semi-deponents."
+      ##
+      module DeponentTenseMethods
+        # There's really no good reason that these should be re-defined here,
+        # the methods that result from the verbector operation should be
+        # sufficient.  The only snare is that if you look at the method call
+        # in =tense_methods.rb=, your @classification is set to
+        # =Semideponent=.  This means that the conditional lookup fails. So
+        # the choices are to blanket overwrite here, or add another
+        # conditional to each TenseBlock returning method, OR break the model
+        # of TenseBlock construction.  I think the last is the best option,
+        # but this current implementation is the second best.
+
+        def active_voice_indicative_mood_present_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :active_voice_indicative_mood_present_tense
+        end
+
+        def active_voice_indicative_mood_imperfect_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :active_voice_indicative_mood_imperfect_tense
+        end
+
+        def active_voice_indicative_mood_future_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :active_voice_indicative_mood_future_tense
+        end
+
+        # These methods handle the strangeness of semi-deponents, it masks
+        # passive perfects to active perfects
+
+        def active_voice_indicative_mood_perfect_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_indicative_mood_perfect_tense
+        end
+        def active_voice_indicative_mood_pastperfect_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_indicative_mood_pastperfect_tense
+        end
+        def active_voice_indicative_mood_futureperfect_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_indicative_mood_futureperfect_tense
+        end
+
+        # These should return nothing
+        def passive_voice_indicative_mood_perfect_tense
+          return TenseBlock.new ['', '', '', '', '', '']
+        end
+
+        def passive_voice_indicative_mood_pastperfect_tense
+          return TenseBlock.new ['', '', '', '', '', '']
+          #return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_indicative_mood_pastperfect_tense
+        end
+        def passive_voice_indicative_mood_futureperfect_tense
+          return TenseBlock.new ['', '', '', '', '', '']
+          #return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_indicative_mood_futureperfect_tense
+        end
+
+        # Subjunctives: 2 active, 2 passive
+
+        def active_voice_subjunctive_mood_present_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :active_voice_subjunctive_mood_present_tense
+        end
+
+        def active_voice_subjunctive_mood_imperfect_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :active_voice_subjunctive_mood_imperfect_tense
+        end
+
+        def active_voice_subjunctive_mood_perfect_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_perfect_tense
+        end
+        def active_voice_subjunctive_mood_pastperfect_tense
+          return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_pastperfect_tense
+        end
+        def passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_perfect_tense
+          return TenseBlock.new ['', '', '', '', '', '']
+          #return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_perfect_tense
+        end
+        def passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_pastperfect_tense
+          return TenseBlock.new ['', '', '', '', '', '']
+          #return @proxyVerb.send :passive_voice_subjunctive_mood_pastperfect_tense
+        end
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+

data/lib/linguistics/latin/verb/infinitives.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+# encoding:  UTF-8
+
+require 'latinverb'
+require 'linguistics/latin/verb/phonographia'
+
+module Linguistics 
+  module Latin 
+    module Verb 
+      ##
+      # == NAME
+      #
+      # Infinitives
+      #
+      # == DESCRIPTION
+      #
+      # This module contains the methods that, when mixed into a LatinVerb,
+      # will provide it the ability to resolve its infinitives (verbal nouns).
+      #
+      # == REFERENCE
+      #
+      #    Allen and Greenough Se. 155:
+      #
+      #    <em>From the footnotes</em>
+      #
+      #    1.  The Infinitive is strictly the locative case of an abstract
+      #    noun, expressing the action of the verb (cf. sec. 451)
+      # 
+      #
+      ##
+      module Infinitives
+
+     ##########################################
+     # Infinitives
+     ##########################################
+     # Some very handy getter and setters, for serialization
+     ##
+
+     def infinitives
+       return {               
+               :present_active_infinitive  => present_active_infinitive,
+               :perfect_active_infinitive  => perfect_active_infinitive,
+               :future_active_infinitive   => future_active_infinitive,
+               :present_passive_infinitive => present_passive_infinitive,
+               :perfect_passive_infinitive => perfect_passive_infinitive,
+               :future_passive_infinitive  => future_passive_infinitive
+             }
+     end
+
+     ##
+     #
+     # === GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION
+     #
+     #  A&G, 157,d:
+     #
+     #  The Infinitive is used chiefly as an indeclinable noun, as the subject
+     #  or complement of another ver ( 452, 456.n)
+     #
+     #  "To X"
+     #
+     # === ARGUMENTS
+     #
+     # None
+     #
+     # === RETURNS
+     #
+     # Array of participles
+     #
+     ###
+     def present_active_infinitive
+       return @pres_act_inf
+     end 
+    
+     ##
+     #
+     # === GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION
+     #
+     #  A&G, 157,d:
+     #
+     #  The Infinitive is used chiefly as an indeclinable noun, as the subject
+     #  or complement of another ver ( 452, 456.n)
+     #
+     #  "To have X-d"
+     #
+     # === ARGUMENTS
+     #
+     # None
+     #
+     # === RETURNS
+     #
+     # Array of participles
+     #
+     ###
+     def perfect_active_infinitive
+       return @first_pers_perf+"sse"
+     end 
+    
+     ##
+     #
+     # === GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION
+     #
+     #  A&G, 157,d:
+     #
+     #  The Infinitive is used chiefly as an indeclinable noun, as the subject
+     #  or complement of another ver ( 452, 456.n)
+     #
+     #  "To be about to X"
+     #
+     # === ARGUMENTS
+     #
+     # None
+     #
+     # === RETURNS
+     #
+     # Array of participles
+     #
+     ###
+     def future_active_infinitive
+       return future_active_participle.sub(/,.*/,'') + " esse"
+     end 
+    
+     ##
+     #
+     # === GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION
+     #
+     #  A&G, 157,d:
+     #
+     #  The Infinitive is used chiefly as an indeclinable noun, as the subject
+     #  or complement of another ver ( 452, 456.n)
+     #
+     #  "To be X-d"
+     #
+     # === ARGUMENTS
+     #
+     # None
+     #
+     # === RETURNS
+     #
+     # Array of participles
+     #
+     ###
+     def present_passive_infinitive
+       if @classification == Linguistics::Latin::Verb::VerbTypes::First
+         return  @pres_act_inf.gsub(/(.*)e$/,"\\1\xc4\xab")
+       end 
+       if @classification == Linguistics::Latin::Verb::VerbTypes::Second
+         return @pres_act_inf.gsub(/(.*)e$/,"\\1\xc4\xab")
+       end    
+       if @classification == Linguistics::Latin::Verb::VerbTypes::ThirdIO
+           return @pres_act_inf.gsub(/(.*)ere$/,"\\1\xc4\xab")
+       end 
+       if @classification == Linguistics::Latin::Verb::VerbTypes::Third
+           return @pres_act_inf.gsub(/(.*)ere$/,"\\1\xc4\xab")
+       end 
+       if @classification == Linguistics::Latin::Verb::VerbTypes::Fourth
+         return @pres_act_inf.gsub(/(.*)e$/,"\\1\xc4\xab")
+       end    
+     end 
+    
+     ##
+     #
+     # === GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION
+     #
+     #  A&G, 157,d:
+     #
+     #  The Infinitive is used chiefly as an indeclinable noun, as the subject
+     #  or complement of another ver ( 452, 456.n)
+     #
+     #  "To have been X-d"
+     #
+     # === ARGUMENTS
+     #
+     # None
+     #
+     # === RETURNS
+     #
+     # Array of participles
+     #
+     ###
+     def perfect_passive_infinitive
+       return perfect_passive_participle + " esse"
+     end 
+
+     ##
+     #
+     # === GRAMMATICAL FUNCTION
+     #
+     #  A&G, 157,d:
+     #
+     #  The Infinitive is used chiefly as an indeclinable noun, as the subject
+     #  or complement of another ver ( 452, 456.n)
+     #
+     #  "To be about to be X-d"
+     #
+     #  <b>Note:</b>  This form is exceedingly rare.  Wheelock notes that
+     #  Romans preferred to use the 4th principal part + <b>fore</b>.
+     #
+     # === ARGUMENTS
+     #
+     # None
+     #
+     # === RETURNS
+     #
+     # Array of participles
+     #
+     ###
+     def future_passive_infinitive
+       return supine[:accusative] + " īrī"
+     end 
+   end
+ end
+end
+end