lateral_recommender 0.0.2 → 0.0.3

data/spec/fixtures/tapes/recommend_by_text_pubmed.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
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+      string: '[{"distance": 0.245316, "title": "NASA and the search for life in the
+        universe.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16581126", "text":
+        "Almost from its beginnings in 1958, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
+        (NASA) set up a life-science program. Because one of the priorities of the
+        organization is to search for life beyond Earth, NASA began designing spacecraft
+        to unravel the mysteries of Mars. The effort to search for life on Mars culminated
+        in the landing of two Viking spacecraft on the surface of the planet in 1976.
+        Although the biology experiments conducted as part of these missions provided
+        some evidence for the possibility of life, the scientific consensus was that
+        they drew a blank. In 1996, however, the ''Mars rock'' rekindled interest
+        in life in our solar system. The discovery of an ocean on the Jovian moon
+        Europa, of organic molecules on the Saturnian moon Titan and persuasive evidence
+        that water once flowed on Mars suggests that the solar system is still of
+        considerable exobiological interest. In addition, since 1995 approximately
+        175 planets have been found beyond our solar system. Although these discoveries
+        are gas giants, NASA spacecraft might soon detect Earth-sized planets. The
+        search for life in the universe continues.", "permalink_id": "a49c790470f8689ef65aa8a079d8b6e9",
+        "authors": ["Steven J. Dick"], "date": "2006", "document_id": "pubmed-16581126-1"},
+        {"distance": 0.303633, "title": "MarsSat: assured communication with Mars.",
+        "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16510416", "text": "The author
+        developed the MarsSat concept during the 1990s. For this task, he designed
+        a class of orbits to solve the problem of communicating with crews on Mars
+        when the planet is in solar conjunction as seen from Earth, a planetary configuration
+        that occurs near the midpoint of a conjunction class mission to Mars. This
+        type of orbit minimizes the distance between Mars and the communications satellite;
+        thus, minimizing the size, weight, and power requirements, while providing
+        a simultaneous line-of-sight to both Earth and Mars. The MarsSat orbits are
+        solar orbits that have the same period as Mars, but are inclined a few degrees
+        out of the plane of the Mars orbit and also differ in eccentricity from the
+        orbit of Mars. These differences cause a spacecraft in this orbit to rise
+        North of Mars, then fall behind Mars, then drop South of Mars, and then pull
+        ahead of Mars, by some desired distance in each case-typically about 20 million
+        kilometers-in order to maintain an angular separation of a couple of degrees
+        as seen from a point in the orbit of Earth on the opposite side of the Sun.
+        A satellite in this type of orbit would relay communications between Earth
+        and Mars during the period of up to several weeks, when direct communication
+        is blocked by the Sun. These orbits are far superior for this purpose when
+        compared to stationing a satellite at one of the Sun-Mars equilateral Lagrangian
+        points, L(4) or L(5), for two reasons. First, L(4) and L(5) are 228 million
+        kilometers from Mars, about 10 times the distance of a spacecraft in one of
+        the MarsSat orbits, and by virtue of the inverse-square law, all other things
+        being equal, the signal strength received at L(4) or L(5) would be one percent
+        of the signal strength received by a spacecraft in one of the MarsSat orbits.
+        Thus, a relay satellite stationed at L(4) or L(5) would have to be that much
+        more powerful to receive data at the same rate, with concomitant increases
+        in spacecraft size and weight. Second, a number of Martian Trojan asteroids
+        have been discovered at the Sun-Mars L(4) and L(5) points, and there are probably
+        countless smaller objects that have collected in these regions that pose a
+        significant threat to any spacecraft located there.", "permalink_id": "f690b98503f5ace0982d9062f95c5ace",
+        "authors": ["Thomas Gangale"], "date": "2005", "document_id": "pubmed-16510416-1"},
+        {"distance": 0.3104, "title": "Galileo Avionica''s technologies and instruments
+        for planetary exploration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17120125",
+        "text": "Several missions for planetary exploration, including comets and
+        asteroids, are ongoing or planned by the European Space Agencies: Rosetta,
+        Venus Express, Bepi Colombo, Dawn, Aurora and all Mars Programme (in its past
+        and next missions) are good examples. The satisfaction of the scientific request
+        for the mentioned programmes calls for the development of new instruments
+        and facilities devoted to investigate the body (planet, asteroid or comet)
+        both remotely and by in situ measurements. The paper is an overview of some
+        instruments for remote sensing and in situ planetary exploration already developed
+        or under study by Galileo Avionica Space & Electro-Optics B.U. (in the following
+        shortened as Galileo Avionica) for both the Italian Space Agency (ASI) and
+        for the European Space Agency (ESA). Main technologies and specifications
+        are outlined; for more detailed information please refer to Galileo Avionica''s
+        web-site at: http://www.galileoavionica.com .", "permalink_id": "9f98b212f01c2d4c4416f09147a4d84f",
+        "authors": ["P. Falciani", "E. Re", "E. Battistelli", "P. Magnani", "B. Midollini",
+        "G. Preti", "G. Preti"], "date": "2006", "document_id": "pubmed-17120125-1"},
+        {"distance": 0.316677, "title": "Trajectory analysis for the lunar flyby rescue
+        of AsiaSat-3/HGS-1.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16510412",
+        "text": "On May 13, 1998, the Hughes Global Services 1 Spacecraft (HGS-1,
+        originally known as AsiaSat 3) became the first commercial spacecraft to fly
+        by the Moon on a trajectory to reposition it into a useful geosynchronous
+        orbit. This was necessary due to the failure of the last stage of the launch
+        vehicle that left it in a high inclination, eccentric, and unusable orbit.
+        The spacecraft did not have enough propellant to perform the maneuvers required
+        to place it into its intended geostationary orbit via a standard transfer
+        trajectory. However, it did have enough propellant to place it on a trajectory
+        that flew by the Moon twice to finally achieve a useful low inclination geosynchronous
+        orbit. In addition to being the first commercial operation in the vicinity
+        of the Moon, it was the last successful lunar mission of the twentieth century.
+        We discuss of the events leading up to the start of the rescue operation that
+        included contributions from external organizations. We also describe the analytic
+        estimates used to construct the trajectory and provide an overview of the
+        details of the actual mission.", "permalink_id": "2c6a40c82fe24347bc071e3a859b044d",
+        "authors": ["C. Ocampo"], "date": "2005", "document_id": "pubmed-16510412-1"},
+        {"distance": 0.327787, "title": "Recent gravity-assist trajectories for interplanetary
+        and solar exploration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16510413",
+        "text": "This paper describes how lunar and planetary gravity assists have
+        been used to design trajectories that have enabled challenging missions, currently
+        flying or in development, at the Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) of Johns
+        Hopkins University, to explore the Sun, and the planets closest to and farthest
+        from it. This is a continuation of a paper presented at the first New Trends
+        in Astrodynamics and Applications conference, January 2003. That paper concentrated
+        on the Third International Sun-Earth Explorer (ISEE-3) halo orbit mission,
+        later known as the International Cometary Explorer, or ICE, and the Near Earth
+        Asteroid Rendezvous (NEAR) mission of APL, and the ground-breaking orbits
+        that those spacecraft used to accomplish their ambitious goals. This paper
+        gives much more information about current APL missions, MESSENGER, STEREO,
+        and New Horizons, which were only briefly described in the previous paper.",
+        "permalink_id": "fd971165d04421ba38e12be2d1ac28f9", "authors": ["Robert W.
+        Farquhar", "David W. Dunham", "James V. McAdams"], "date": "2005", "document_id":
+        "pubmed-16510413-1"}, {"distance": 0.342976, "title": "Deep space environments
+        for human exploration.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15880915",
+        "text": "Mission scenarios outside the Earth''s protective magnetic shield
+        are being studied. Included are high usage assets in the near-Earth environment
+        for casual trips, for research, and for commercial/operational platforms,
+        in which career exposures will be multi-mission determined over the astronaut''s
+        lifetime. The operational platforms will serve as launching points for deep
+        space exploration missions, characterized by a single long-duration mission
+        during the astronaut''s career. The exploration beyond these operational platforms
+        will include missions to planets, asteroids, and planetary satellites. The
+        interplanetary environment is evaluated using convective diffusion theory.
+        Local environments for each celestial body are modeled by using results from
+        the most recent targeted spacecraft, and integrated into the design environments.
+        Design scenarios are then evaluated for these missions. The underlying assumptions
+        in arriving at the model environments and their impact on mission exposures
+        within various shield materials will be discussed.", "permalink_id": "57b893cb738e0c56e8cfcbfdd98951ac",
+        "authors": ["F. A. Cucinotta", "J. E. Nealy", "R. K. Tripathi", "G. De Angelis",
+        "J. W. Wilson", "J. W. Wilson", "M. S. Clowdsley"], "date": "2004", "document_id":
+        "pubmed-15880915-1"}, {"distance": 0.348074, "title": "Estimation and assessment
+        of Mars contamination.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16175730",
+        "text": "Since the beginning of the exploration of Mars, more than fourty
+        years ago, thirty-six missions have been launched, including fifty-nine different
+        space systems such as fly-by spacecraft, orbiters, cruise modules, landing
+        or penetrating systems. Taking into account failures at launch, about three
+        missions out of four have been successfully sent toward the Red Planet. The
+        fact today is that Mars orbital environment includes orbiters and perhaps
+        debris, and that its atmosphere and its surface include terrestrial compounds
+        and dormant microorganisms. Coming from the UN Outer Space Treaty [United
+        Nations Treaty on Principles Governing the Activities of States in the Exploration
+        and Use of Outer Space, including the Moon and Other Celestial Bodies (the
+        \"Outer Space Treaty\") referenced 610 UNTS 205 - resolution 2222(XXI) of
+        December 1966] and according to the COSPAR planetary protection policy recommendations
+        [COSPAR Planetary Protection Policy (20 October 2002), accepted by the Council
+        and Bureau, as moved for adoption by SC F and PPP, prepared by the COSPAR/IAU
+        Workshop on Planetary Protection, 4/02 with updates 10/0, 2002], Mars environment
+        has to be preserved so as not to jeopardize the scientific investigations,
+        and the level of terrestrial material brought on and around Mars theoretically
+        has to comply with this policy. It is useful to evaluate what and how many
+        materials, compounds and microorganisms are on Mars, to list what is in orbit
+        and to identify where all these items are. Considering assumptions about materials,
+        spores and gas location and dispersion on Mars, average contamination levels
+        can be estimated. It is clear now that as long as missions are sent to other
+        extraterrestrial bodies, it is not possible to keep them perfectly clean.
+        Mars is one of the most concerned body, and the large number of missions achieved,
+        on-going and planned now raise the question about its possible contamination,
+        not necessarily from a biological point of view, but with respect to all types
+        of contamination. Answering this question, will help to assess the potential
+        effects of such contamination on scientific results and will address concerns
+        relative to any ethical considerations about the contamination of other planets.",
+        "permalink_id": "eaea86fde83301aadd0300f595aca5cd", "authors": ["A. Debus"],
+        "date": "2005", "document_id": "pubmed-16175730-1"}, {"distance": 0.348274,
+        "title": "Radiation analysis for manned missions to the Jupiter system.",
+        "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15881781", "text": "An analysis
+        for manned missions targeted to the Jovian system has been performed in the
+        framework of the NASA RASC (Revolutionary Aerospace Systems Concepts) program
+        on Human Exploration beyond Mars. The missions were targeted to the Jupiter
+        satellite Callisto. The mission analysis has been divided into three main
+        phases, namely the interplanetary cruise, the Jupiter orbital insertion, and
+        the surface landing and exploration phases. The interplanetary phase is based
+        on departure from the Earth-Moon L1 point. Interplanetary trajectories based
+        on the use of different propulsion systems have been considered, with resulting
+        overall cruise phase duration varying between two and five years. The Jupiter-approach
+        and the orbital insertion trajectories are considered in detail, with the
+        spacecraft crossing the Jupiter radiation belts and staying around the landing
+        target. In the surface exploration phase the stay on the Callisto surface
+        is considered. The satellite surface composition has been modeled based on
+        the most recent results from the GALILEO spacecraft. In the transport computations
+        the surface backscattering has been duly taken into account. Particle transport
+        has been performed with the HZETRN heavy ion code for hadrons and with an
+        in-house developed transport code for electrons and bremsstrahlung photons.
+        The obtained doses have been compared to dose exposure limits.", "permalink_id":
+        "a00dffbc92d7542957a23b8dd2f22e4e", "authors": ["J. E. Nealy", "G. De Angelis",
+        "R. K. Tripathi", "J. W. Wilson", "J. W. Wilson", "M. S. Clowdsley"], "date":
+        "2004", "document_id": "pubmed-15881781-1"}, {"distance": 0.348976, "title":
+        "Hexapod.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14503498", "text":
+        "SAGE III (Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment), an Earth-observation
+        instrument developed by NASA''s Langley Research Center (LaRC), was one of
+        the first scientific external payloads selected for the International Space
+        Station. It was conceived to fly on a spacecraft able to provide +/- 1 degree
+        pointing accuracy. Since the ISS''s attitude can vary by several degrees over
+        a long period, it was therefore necessary to provide a dedicated nadir-pointing
+        system. For this task, NASA selected the hexapod-based pointing system (\"Hexapod\"
+        for short) included by ESA in the list of proposed European contributions
+        to the ISS early utilisation phase. Launch is currently scheduled with assembly
+        flight UF-3, although this could be modified by revisions in the ISS assembly
+        sequence.", "permalink_id": "75d9aa301bfe65ec875fd7a64972fe86", "authors":
+        ["R. Trucco", "P. C. Galeone", "O. H. Bradley", "L. Szatkowski", "B. Musetti"],
+        "date": "2002", "document_id": "pubmed-14503498-1"}, {"distance": 0.353555,
+        "title": "Venus, Mars, and the ices on Mercury and the moon: astrobiological
+        implications and proposed mission designs.", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16379531",
+        "text": "Venus and Mars likely had liquid water bodies on their surface early
+        in the Solar System history. The surfaces of Venus and Mars are presently
+        not a suitable habitat for life, but reservoirs of liquid water remain in
+        the atmosphere of Venus and the subsurface of Mars, and with it also the possibility
+        of microbial life. Microbial organisms may have adapted to live in these ecological
+        niches by the evolutionary force of directional selection. Missions to our
+        neighboring planets should therefore be planned to explore these potentially
+        life-containing refuges and return samples for analysis. Sample return missions
+        should also include ice samples from Mercury and the Moon, which may contain
+        information about the biogenic material that catalyzed the early evolution
+        of life on Earth (or elsewhere). To obtain such information, science-driven
+        exploration is necessary through varying degrees of mission operation autonomy.
+        A hierarchical mission design is envisioned that includes spaceborne (orbital),
+        atmosphere (airborne), surface (mobile such as rover and stationary such as
+        lander or sensor), and subsurface (e.g., ground-penetrating radar, drilling,
+        etc.) agents working in concert to allow for sufficient mission safety and
+        redundancy, to perform extensive and challenging reconnaissance, and to lead
+        to a thorough search for evidence of life and habitability.", "permalink_id":
+        "a044d991d7a8def18d7c7f12b02627c2", "authors": ["Dirk Schulze-Makuch", "Alberto
+        G. Fair\u00e9n", "Wolfgang Fink", "Robert G. Strom", "Victor R. Baker", "James
+        M. Dohm"], "date": "2005", "document_id": "pubmed-16379531-1"}]'
+    http_version: 
+  recorded_at: Thu, 14 May 2015 09:37:15 GMT
+recorded_with: VCR 2.9.3