immunio 0.15.4 → 0.16.0
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- checksums.yaml +4 -4
- data/LICENSE +0 -27
- data/ext/immunio/Rakefile +9 -0
- data/lib/immunio/plugins/active_record.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/immunio/plugins/active_record_relation.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/immunio/plugins/environment_reporter.rb +20 -0
- data/lib/immunio/rufus_lua_ext/ref.rb +1 -3
- data/lib/immunio/version.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/immunio/vm.rb +1 -2
- data/lua-hooks/Makefile +97 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/all.c +41 -52
- data/lua-hooks/ext/all.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/libinjection/libinjection_html5.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/libinjection/libinjection_sqli.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/libinjection/libinjection_xss.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/libinjection/lualib.c +2 -2
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lpcap.c +2 -2
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lpcap.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lpcode.c +2 -2
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lpcode.h +1 -1
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lpcode.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lpprint.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lptree.c +2 -2
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lptypes.h +1 -1
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lpvm.c +2 -2
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lpeg/lpvm.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lua-cmsgpack/lua_cmsgpack.c +16 -3
- data/lua-hooks/ext/lua-snapshot/snapshot.c +14 -7
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/COPYRIGHT +56 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/Makefile +159 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/README +16 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/bluequad-print.css +166 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/bluequad.css +325 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/changes.html +804 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/contact.html +104 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/ext_c_api.html +189 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/ext_ffi.html +332 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/ext_ffi_api.html +570 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/ext_ffi_semantics.html +1261 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/ext_ffi_tutorial.html +603 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/ext_jit.html +201 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/ext_profiler.html +365 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/extensions.html +448 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/faq.html +186 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/img/contact.png +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/install.html +659 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/luajit.html +236 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/running.html +309 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/doc/status.html +118 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_arm.h +456 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_arm.lua +1125 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_arm64.h +518 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_arm64.lua +1166 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_mips.h +416 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_mips.lua +953 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_ppc.h +419 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_ppc.lua +1919 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_proto.h +83 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_x64.lua +12 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_x86.h +471 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dasm_x86.lua +1945 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/dynasm/dynasm.lua +1094 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/etc/luajit.1 +88 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/etc/luajit.pc +25 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/Makefile +697 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/Makefile.dep +244 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/README +4 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm.c +518 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm.h +105 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_arch.h +7449 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_asm.c +345 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_asm.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_fold.c +229 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_fold.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_lib.c +457 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_lib.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_libbc.h +45 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_peobj.c +368 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/buildvm_peobj.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/genlibbc.lua +197 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/genminilua.lua +428 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/minilua +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/minilua.c +7770 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/host/minilua.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/bc.lua +190 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/bcsave.lua +661 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/dis_arm.lua +689 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/dis_mips.lua +428 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/dis_mipsel.lua +17 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/dis_ppc.lua +591 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/dis_x64.lua +17 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/dis_x86.lua +838 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/dump.lua +706 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/p.lua +310 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/v.lua +170 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/vmdef.lua +362 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/jit/zone.lua +45 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/{lua → luajit/src}/lauxlib.h +10 -17
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_aux.c +356 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_aux.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_aux_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_base.c +664 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_base.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_base_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_bit.c +180 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_bit.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_bit_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_debug.c +405 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_debug.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_debug_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_ffi.c +872 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_ffi.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_ffi_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_init.c +55 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_init.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_init_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_io.c +541 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_io.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_io_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_jit.c +767 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_jit.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_jit_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_math.c +230 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_math.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_math_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_os.c +292 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_os.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_os_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_package.c +610 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_package.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_package_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_string.c +752 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_string.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_string_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_table.c +307 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_table.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lib_table_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/libluajit.a +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/libluajit.so +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj.supp +26 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_alloc.c +1398 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_alloc.h +17 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_alloc.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_alloc_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_api.c +1210 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_api.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_api_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_arch.h +509 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_asm.c +2278 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_asm.h +17 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_asm.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_asm_arm.h +2217 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_asm_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_asm_mips.h +1833 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_asm_ppc.h +2015 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_asm_x86.h +2634 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bc.c +14 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bc.h +265 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bc.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bc_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bcdef.h +220 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bcdump.h +68 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bcread.c +457 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bcread.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bcread_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bcwrite.c +361 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bcwrite.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_bcwrite_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_buf.c +234 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_buf.h +105 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_buf.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_buf_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_carith.c +429 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_carith.h +37 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_carith.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_carith_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ccall.c +984 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ccall.h +178 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ccall.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ccall_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ccallback.c +712 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ccallback.h +25 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ccallback.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ccallback_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cconv.c +752 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cconv.h +70 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cconv.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cconv_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cdata.c +288 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cdata.h +76 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cdata.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cdata_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_char.c +43 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_char.h +42 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_char.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_char_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_clib.c +418 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_clib.h +29 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_clib.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_clib_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cparse.c +1862 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cparse.h +65 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cparse.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_cparse_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_crecord.c +1834 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_crecord.h +38 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_crecord.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_crecord_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ctype.c +635 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ctype.h +461 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ctype.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ctype_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_debug.c +699 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_debug.h +65 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_debug.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_debug_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_def.h +365 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_dispatch.c +557 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_dispatch.h +138 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_dispatch.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_dispatch_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_emit_arm.h +356 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_emit_mips.h +211 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_emit_ppc.h +238 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_emit_x86.h +462 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_err.c +794 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_err.h +41 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_err.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_err_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_errmsg.h +190 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ff.h +18 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ffdef.h +209 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ffrecord.c +1247 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ffrecord.h +24 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ffrecord.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ffrecord_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_folddef.h +1138 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_frame.h +259 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_func.c +185 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_func.h +24 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_func.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_func_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_gc.c +845 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_gc.h +134 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_gc.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_gc_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_gdbjit.c +787 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_gdbjit.h +22 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_gdbjit.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_gdbjit_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ir.c +505 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ir.h +577 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ir.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ir_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_ircall.h +321 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_iropt.h +161 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_jit.h +440 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_lex.c +482 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_lex.h +86 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_lex.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_lex_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_lib.c +303 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_lib.h +115 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_lib.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_lib_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_libdef.h +414 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_load.c +168 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_load.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_load_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_mcode.c +386 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_mcode.h +30 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_mcode.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_mcode_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_meta.c +477 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_meta.h +38 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_meta.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_meta_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_obj.c +50 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_obj.h +976 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_obj.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_obj_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_dce.c +78 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_dce.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_dce_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_fold.c +2488 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_fold.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_fold_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_loop.c +449 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_loop.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_loop_dyn.o +0 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_mem.c +935 -0
- data/lua-hooks/ext/luajit/src/lj_opt_mem.o +0 -0
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C pre-processor (once). Be careful not to include unneeded or
|
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+
redundant declarations from unrelated header files.
|
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+
</p>
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+
|
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+
<h3 id="ffi_C"><tt>ffi.C</tt></h3>
|
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+
<p>
|
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144
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+
This is the default C library namespace — note the
|
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|
+
uppercase <tt>'C'</tt>. It binds to the default set of symbols or
|
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+
libraries on the target system. These are more or less the same as a
|
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+
C compiler would offer by default, without specifying extra link
|
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+
libraries.
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</p>
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+
<p>
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+
On POSIX systems, this binds to symbols in the default or global
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namespace. This includes all exported symbols from the executable and
|
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any libraries loaded into the global namespace. This includes at least
|
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<tt>libc</tt>, <tt>libm</tt>, <tt>libdl</tt> (on Linux),
|
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<tt>libgcc</tt> (if compiled with GCC), as well as any exported
|
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symbols from the Lua/C API provided by LuaJIT itself.
|
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|
+
</p>
|
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+
<p>
|
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|
+
On Windows systems, this binds to symbols exported from the
|
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|
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<tt>*.exe</tt>, the <tt>lua51.dll</tt> (i.e. the Lua/C API
|
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|
+
provided by LuaJIT itself), the C runtime library LuaJIT was linked
|
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with (<tt>msvcrt*.dll</tt>), <tt>kernel32.dll</tt>,
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<tt>user32.dll</tt> and <tt>gdi32.dll</tt>.
|
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+
</p>
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+
|
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+
<h3 id="ffi_load"><tt>clib = ffi.load(name [,global])</tt></h3>
|
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+
<p>
|
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168
|
+
This loads the dynamic library given by <tt>name</tt> and returns
|
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a new C library namespace which binds to its symbols. On POSIX
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systems, if <tt>global</tt> is <tt>true</tt>, the library symbols are
|
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loaded into the global namespace, too.
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</p>
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<p>
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If <tt>name</tt> is a path, the library is loaded from this path.
|
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Otherwise <tt>name</tt> is canonicalized in a system-dependent way and
|
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|
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searched in the default search path for dynamic libraries:
|
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|
+
</p>
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+
<p>
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On POSIX systems, if the name contains no dot, the extension
|
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<tt>.so</tt> is appended. Also, the <tt>lib</tt> prefix is prepended
|
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|
+
if necessary. So <tt>ffi.load("z")</tt> looks for <tt>"libz.so"</tt>
|
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|
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in the default shared library search path.
|
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|
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</p>
|
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|
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<p>
|
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|
+
On Windows systems, if the name contains no dot, the extension
|
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|
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<tt>.dll</tt> is appended. So <tt>ffi.load("ws2_32")</tt> looks for
|
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|
+
<tt>"ws2_32.dll"</tt> in the default DLL search path.
|
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|
+
</p>
|
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|
+
|
|
190
|
+
<h2 id="create">Creating cdata Objects</h2>
|
|
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|
+
<p>
|
|
192
|
+
The following API functions create cdata objects (<tt>type()</tt>
|
|
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|
+
returns <tt>"cdata"</tt>). All created cdata objects are
|
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|
+
<a href="ext_ffi_semantics.html#gc">garbage collected</a>.
|
|
195
|
+
</p>
|
|
196
|
+
|
|
197
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_new"><tt>cdata = ffi.new(ct [,nelem] [,init...])<br>
|
|
198
|
+
cdata = <em>ctype</em>([nelem,] [init...])</tt></h3>
|
|
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|
+
<p>
|
|
200
|
+
Creates a cdata object for the given <tt>ct</tt>. VLA/VLS types
|
|
201
|
+
require the <tt>nelem</tt> argument. The second syntax uses a ctype as
|
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|
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a constructor and is otherwise fully equivalent.
|
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|
+
</p>
|
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|
+
<p>
|
|
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|
+
The cdata object is initialized according to the
|
|
206
|
+
<a href="ext_ffi_semantics.html#init">rules for initializers</a>,
|
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|
+
using the optional <tt>init</tt> arguments. Excess initializers cause
|
|
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|
+
an error.
|
|
209
|
+
</p>
|
|
210
|
+
<p>
|
|
211
|
+
Performance notice: if you want to create many objects of one kind,
|
|
212
|
+
parse the cdecl only once and get its ctype with
|
|
213
|
+
<tt>ffi.typeof()</tt>. Then use the ctype as a constructor repeatedly.
|
|
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|
+
</p>
|
|
215
|
+
<p style="font-size: 8pt;">
|
|
216
|
+
Please note that an anonymous <tt>struct</tt> declaration implicitly
|
|
217
|
+
creates a new and distinguished ctype every time you use it for
|
|
218
|
+
<tt>ffi.new()</tt>. This is probably <b>not</b> what you want,
|
|
219
|
+
especially if you create more than one cdata object. Different anonymous
|
|
220
|
+
<tt>structs</tt> are not considered assignment-compatible by the
|
|
221
|
+
C standard, even though they may have the same fields! Also, they
|
|
222
|
+
are considered different types by the JIT-compiler, which may cause an
|
|
223
|
+
excessive number of traces. It's strongly suggested to either declare
|
|
224
|
+
a named <tt>struct</tt> or <tt>typedef</tt> with <tt>ffi.cdef()</tt>
|
|
225
|
+
or to create a single ctype object for an anonymous <tt>struct</tt>
|
|
226
|
+
with <tt>ffi.typeof()</tt>.
|
|
227
|
+
</p>
|
|
228
|
+
|
|
229
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_typeof"><tt>ctype = ffi.typeof(ct)</tt></h3>
|
|
230
|
+
<p>
|
|
231
|
+
Creates a ctype object for the given <tt>ct</tt>.
|
|
232
|
+
</p>
|
|
233
|
+
<p>
|
|
234
|
+
This function is especially useful to parse a cdecl only once and then
|
|
235
|
+
use the resulting ctype object as a <a href="#ffi_new">constructor</a>.
|
|
236
|
+
</p>
|
|
237
|
+
|
|
238
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_cast"><tt>cdata = ffi.cast(ct, init)</tt></h3>
|
|
239
|
+
<p>
|
|
240
|
+
Creates a scalar cdata object for the given <tt>ct</tt>. The cdata
|
|
241
|
+
object is initialized with <tt>init</tt> using the "cast" variant of
|
|
242
|
+
the <a href="ext_ffi_semantics.html#convert">C type conversion
|
|
243
|
+
rules</a>.
|
|
244
|
+
</p>
|
|
245
|
+
<p>
|
|
246
|
+
This functions is mainly useful to override the pointer compatibility
|
|
247
|
+
checks or to convert pointers to addresses or vice versa.
|
|
248
|
+
</p>
|
|
249
|
+
|
|
250
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_metatype"><tt>ctype = ffi.metatype(ct, metatable)</tt></h3>
|
|
251
|
+
<p>
|
|
252
|
+
Creates a ctype object for the given <tt>ct</tt> and associates it with
|
|
253
|
+
a metatable. Only <tt>struct</tt>/<tt>union</tt> types, complex numbers
|
|
254
|
+
and vectors are allowed. Other types may be wrapped in a
|
|
255
|
+
<tt>struct</tt>, if needed.
|
|
256
|
+
</p>
|
|
257
|
+
<p>
|
|
258
|
+
The association with a metatable is permanent and cannot be changed
|
|
259
|
+
afterwards. Neither the contents of the <tt>metatable</tt> nor the
|
|
260
|
+
contents of an <tt>__index</tt> table (if any) may be modified
|
|
261
|
+
afterwards. The associated metatable automatically applies to all uses
|
|
262
|
+
of this type, no matter how the objects are created or where they
|
|
263
|
+
originate from. Note that pre-defined operations on types have
|
|
264
|
+
precedence (e.g. declared field names cannot be overriden).
|
|
265
|
+
</p>
|
|
266
|
+
<p>
|
|
267
|
+
All standard Lua metamethods are implemented. These are called directly,
|
|
268
|
+
without shortcuts and on any mix of types. For binary operations, the
|
|
269
|
+
left operand is checked first for a valid ctype metamethod. The
|
|
270
|
+
<tt>__gc</tt> metamethod only applies to <tt>struct</tt>/<tt>union</tt>
|
|
271
|
+
types and performs an implicit <a href="#ffi_gc"><tt>ffi.gc()</tt></a>
|
|
272
|
+
call during creation of an instance.
|
|
273
|
+
</p>
|
|
274
|
+
|
|
275
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_gc"><tt>cdata = ffi.gc(cdata, finalizer)</tt></h3>
|
|
276
|
+
<p>
|
|
277
|
+
Associates a finalizer with a pointer or aggregate cdata object. The
|
|
278
|
+
cdata object is returned unchanged.
|
|
279
|
+
</p>
|
|
280
|
+
<p>
|
|
281
|
+
This function allows safe integration of unmanaged resources into the
|
|
282
|
+
automatic memory management of the LuaJIT garbage collector. Typical
|
|
283
|
+
usage:
|
|
284
|
+
</p>
|
|
285
|
+
<pre class="code">
|
|
286
|
+
local p = ffi.gc(ffi.C.malloc(n), ffi.C.free)
|
|
287
|
+
...
|
|
288
|
+
p = nil -- Last reference to p is gone.
|
|
289
|
+
-- GC will eventually run finalizer: ffi.C.free(p)
|
|
290
|
+
</pre>
|
|
291
|
+
<p>
|
|
292
|
+
A cdata finalizer works like the <tt>__gc</tt> metamethod for userdata
|
|
293
|
+
objects: when the last reference to a cdata object is gone, the
|
|
294
|
+
associated finalizer is called with the cdata object as an argument. The
|
|
295
|
+
finalizer can be a Lua function or a cdata function or cdata function
|
|
296
|
+
pointer. An existing finalizer can be removed by setting a <tt>nil</tt>
|
|
297
|
+
finalizer, e.g. right before explicitly deleting a resource:
|
|
298
|
+
</p>
|
|
299
|
+
<pre class="code">
|
|
300
|
+
ffi.C.free(ffi.gc(p, nil)) -- Manually free the memory.
|
|
301
|
+
</pre>
|
|
302
|
+
|
|
303
|
+
<h2 id="info">C Type Information</h2>
|
|
304
|
+
<p>
|
|
305
|
+
The following API functions return information about C types.
|
|
306
|
+
They are most useful for inspecting cdata objects.
|
|
307
|
+
</p>
|
|
308
|
+
|
|
309
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_sizeof"><tt>size = ffi.sizeof(ct [,nelem])</tt></h3>
|
|
310
|
+
<p>
|
|
311
|
+
Returns the size of <tt>ct</tt> in bytes. Returns <tt>nil</tt> if
|
|
312
|
+
the size is not known (e.g. for <tt>"void"</tt> or function types).
|
|
313
|
+
Requires <tt>nelem</tt> for VLA/VLS types, except for cdata objects.
|
|
314
|
+
</p>
|
|
315
|
+
|
|
316
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_alignof"><tt>align = ffi.alignof(ct)</tt></h3>
|
|
317
|
+
<p>
|
|
318
|
+
Returns the minimum required alignment for <tt>ct</tt> in bytes.
|
|
319
|
+
</p>
|
|
320
|
+
|
|
321
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_offsetof"><tt>ofs [,bpos,bsize] = ffi.offsetof(ct, field)</tt></h3>
|
|
322
|
+
<p>
|
|
323
|
+
Returns the offset (in bytes) of <tt>field</tt> relative to the start
|
|
324
|
+
of <tt>ct</tt>, which must be a <tt>struct</tt>. Additionally returns
|
|
325
|
+
the position and the field size (in bits) for bit fields.
|
|
326
|
+
</p>
|
|
327
|
+
|
|
328
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_istype"><tt>status = ffi.istype(ct, obj)</tt></h3>
|
|
329
|
+
<p>
|
|
330
|
+
Returns <tt>true</tt> if <tt>obj</tt> has the C type given by
|
|
331
|
+
<tt>ct</tt>. Returns <tt>false</tt> otherwise.
|
|
332
|
+
</p>
|
|
333
|
+
<p>
|
|
334
|
+
C type qualifiers (<tt>const</tt> etc.) are ignored. Pointers are
|
|
335
|
+
checked with the standard pointer compatibility rules, but without any
|
|
336
|
+
special treatment for <tt>void *</tt>. If <tt>ct</tt> specifies a
|
|
337
|
+
<tt>struct</tt>/<tt>union</tt>, then a pointer to this type is accepted,
|
|
338
|
+
too. Otherwise the types must match exactly.
|
|
339
|
+
</p>
|
|
340
|
+
<p>
|
|
341
|
+
Note: this function accepts all kinds of Lua objects for the
|
|
342
|
+
<tt>obj</tt> argument, but always returns <tt>false</tt> for non-cdata
|
|
343
|
+
objects.
|
|
344
|
+
</p>
|
|
345
|
+
|
|
346
|
+
<h2 id="util">Utility Functions</h2>
|
|
347
|
+
|
|
348
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_errno"><tt>err = ffi.errno([newerr])</tt></h3>
|
|
349
|
+
<p>
|
|
350
|
+
Returns the error number set by the last C function call which
|
|
351
|
+
indicated an error condition. If the optional <tt>newerr</tt> argument
|
|
352
|
+
is present, the error number is set to the new value and the previous
|
|
353
|
+
value is returned.
|
|
354
|
+
</p>
|
|
355
|
+
<p>
|
|
356
|
+
This function offers a portable and OS-independent way to get and set the
|
|
357
|
+
error number. Note that only <em>some</em> C functions set the error
|
|
358
|
+
number. And it's only significant if the function actually indicated an
|
|
359
|
+
error condition (e.g. with a return value of <tt>-1</tt> or
|
|
360
|
+
<tt>NULL</tt>). Otherwise, it may or may not contain any previously set
|
|
361
|
+
value.
|
|
362
|
+
</p>
|
|
363
|
+
<p>
|
|
364
|
+
You're advised to call this function only when needed and as close as
|
|
365
|
+
possible after the return of the related C function. The
|
|
366
|
+
<tt>errno</tt> value is preserved across hooks, memory allocations,
|
|
367
|
+
invocations of the JIT compiler and other internal VM activity. The same
|
|
368
|
+
applies to the value returned by <tt>GetLastError()</tt> on Windows, but
|
|
369
|
+
you need to declare and call it yourself.
|
|
370
|
+
</p>
|
|
371
|
+
|
|
372
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_string"><tt>str = ffi.string(ptr [,len])</tt></h3>
|
|
373
|
+
<p>
|
|
374
|
+
Creates an interned Lua string from the data pointed to by
|
|
375
|
+
<tt>ptr</tt>.
|
|
376
|
+
</p>
|
|
377
|
+
<p>
|
|
378
|
+
If the optional argument <tt>len</tt> is missing, <tt>ptr</tt> is
|
|
379
|
+
converted to a <tt>"char *"</tt> and the data is assumed to be
|
|
380
|
+
zero-terminated. The length of the string is computed with
|
|
381
|
+
<tt>strlen()</tt>.
|
|
382
|
+
</p>
|
|
383
|
+
<p>
|
|
384
|
+
Otherwise <tt>ptr</tt> is converted to a <tt>"void *"</tt> and
|
|
385
|
+
<tt>len</tt> gives the length of the data. The data may contain
|
|
386
|
+
embedded zeros and need not be byte-oriented (though this may cause
|
|
387
|
+
endianess issues).
|
|
388
|
+
</p>
|
|
389
|
+
<p>
|
|
390
|
+
This function is mainly useful to convert (temporary)
|
|
391
|
+
<tt>"const char *"</tt> pointers returned by
|
|
392
|
+
C functions to Lua strings and store them or pass them to other
|
|
393
|
+
functions expecting a Lua string. The Lua string is an (interned) copy
|
|
394
|
+
of the data and bears no relation to the original data area anymore.
|
|
395
|
+
Lua strings are 8 bit clean and may be used to hold arbitrary,
|
|
396
|
+
non-character data.
|
|
397
|
+
</p>
|
|
398
|
+
<p>
|
|
399
|
+
Performance notice: it's faster to pass the length of the string, if
|
|
400
|
+
it's known. E.g. when the length is returned by a C call like
|
|
401
|
+
<tt>sprintf()</tt>.
|
|
402
|
+
</p>
|
|
403
|
+
|
|
404
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_copy"><tt>ffi.copy(dst, src, len)<br>
|
|
405
|
+
ffi.copy(dst, str)</tt></h3>
|
|
406
|
+
<p>
|
|
407
|
+
Copies the data pointed to by <tt>src</tt> to <tt>dst</tt>.
|
|
408
|
+
<tt>dst</tt> is converted to a <tt>"void *"</tt> and <tt>src</tt>
|
|
409
|
+
is converted to a <tt>"const void *"</tt>.
|
|
410
|
+
</p>
|
|
411
|
+
<p>
|
|
412
|
+
In the first syntax, <tt>len</tt> gives the number of bytes to copy.
|
|
413
|
+
Caveat: if <tt>src</tt> is a Lua string, then <tt>len</tt> must not
|
|
414
|
+
exceed <tt>#src+1</tt>.
|
|
415
|
+
</p>
|
|
416
|
+
<p>
|
|
417
|
+
In the second syntax, the source of the copy must be a Lua string. All
|
|
418
|
+
bytes of the string <em>plus a zero-terminator</em> are copied to
|
|
419
|
+
<tt>dst</tt> (i.e. <tt>#src+1</tt> bytes).
|
|
420
|
+
</p>
|
|
421
|
+
<p>
|
|
422
|
+
Performance notice: <tt>ffi.copy()</tt> may be used as a faster
|
|
423
|
+
(inlinable) replacement for the C library functions
|
|
424
|
+
<tt>memcpy()</tt>, <tt>strcpy()</tt> and <tt>strncpy()</tt>.
|
|
425
|
+
</p>
|
|
426
|
+
|
|
427
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_fill"><tt>ffi.fill(dst, len [,c])</tt></h3>
|
|
428
|
+
<p>
|
|
429
|
+
Fills the data pointed to by <tt>dst</tt> with <tt>len</tt> constant
|
|
430
|
+
bytes, given by <tt>c</tt>. If <tt>c</tt> is omitted, the data is
|
|
431
|
+
zero-filled.
|
|
432
|
+
</p>
|
|
433
|
+
<p>
|
|
434
|
+
Performance notice: <tt>ffi.fill()</tt> may be used as a faster
|
|
435
|
+
(inlinable) replacement for the C library function
|
|
436
|
+
<tt>memset(dst, c, len)</tt>. Please note the different
|
|
437
|
+
order of arguments!
|
|
438
|
+
</p>
|
|
439
|
+
|
|
440
|
+
<h2 id="target">Target-specific Information</h2>
|
|
441
|
+
|
|
442
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_abi"><tt>status = ffi.abi(param)</tt></h3>
|
|
443
|
+
<p>
|
|
444
|
+
Returns <tt>true</tt> if <tt>param</tt> (a Lua string) applies for the
|
|
445
|
+
target ABI (Application Binary Interface). Returns <tt>false</tt>
|
|
446
|
+
otherwise. The following parameters are currently defined:
|
|
447
|
+
</p>
|
|
448
|
+
<table class="abitable">
|
|
449
|
+
<tr class="abihead">
|
|
450
|
+
<td class="abiparam">Parameter</td>
|
|
451
|
+
<td class="abidesc">Description</td>
|
|
452
|
+
</tr>
|
|
453
|
+
<tr class="odd separate">
|
|
454
|
+
<td class="abiparam">32bit</td><td class="abidesc">32 bit architecture</td></tr>
|
|
455
|
+
<tr class="even">
|
|
456
|
+
<td class="abiparam">64bit</td><td class="abidesc">64 bit architecture</td></tr>
|
|
457
|
+
<tr class="odd separate">
|
|
458
|
+
<td class="abiparam">le</td><td class="abidesc">Little-endian architecture</td></tr>
|
|
459
|
+
<tr class="even">
|
|
460
|
+
<td class="abiparam">be</td><td class="abidesc">Big-endian architecture</td></tr>
|
|
461
|
+
<tr class="odd separate">
|
|
462
|
+
<td class="abiparam">fpu</td><td class="abidesc">Target has a hardware FPU</td></tr>
|
|
463
|
+
<tr class="even">
|
|
464
|
+
<td class="abiparam">softfp</td><td class="abidesc">softfp calling conventions</td></tr>
|
|
465
|
+
<tr class="odd">
|
|
466
|
+
<td class="abiparam">hardfp</td><td class="abidesc">hardfp calling conventions</td></tr>
|
|
467
|
+
<tr class="even separate">
|
|
468
|
+
<td class="abiparam">eabi</td><td class="abidesc">EABI variant of the standard ABI</td></tr>
|
|
469
|
+
<tr class="odd">
|
|
470
|
+
<td class="abiparam">win</td><td class="abidesc">Windows variant of the standard ABI</td></tr>
|
|
471
|
+
<tr class="even">
|
|
472
|
+
<td class="abiparam">gc64</td><td class="abidesc">64 bit GC references</td></tr>
|
|
473
|
+
</table>
|
|
474
|
+
|
|
475
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_os"><tt>ffi.os</tt></h3>
|
|
476
|
+
<p>
|
|
477
|
+
Contains the target OS name. Same contents as
|
|
478
|
+
<a href="ext_jit.html#jit_os"><tt>jit.os</tt></a>.
|
|
479
|
+
</p>
|
|
480
|
+
|
|
481
|
+
<h3 id="ffi_arch"><tt>ffi.arch</tt></h3>
|
|
482
|
+
<p>
|
|
483
|
+
Contains the target architecture name. Same contents as
|
|
484
|
+
<a href="ext_jit.html#jit_arch"><tt>jit.arch</tt></a>.
|
|
485
|
+
</p>
|
|
486
|
+
|
|
487
|
+
<h2 id="callback">Methods for Callbacks</h2>
|
|
488
|
+
<p>
|
|
489
|
+
The C types for <a href="ext_ffi_semantics.html#callback">callbacks</a>
|
|
490
|
+
have some extra methods:
|
|
491
|
+
</p>
|
|
492
|
+
|
|
493
|
+
<h3 id="callback_free"><tt>cb:free()</tt></h3>
|
|
494
|
+
<p>
|
|
495
|
+
Free the resources associated with a callback. The associated Lua
|
|
496
|
+
function is unanchored and may be garbage collected. The callback
|
|
497
|
+
function pointer is no longer valid and must not be called anymore
|
|
498
|
+
(it may be reused by a subsequently created callback).
|
|
499
|
+
</p>
|
|
500
|
+
|
|
501
|
+
<h3 id="callback_set"><tt>cb:set(func)</tt></h3>
|
|
502
|
+
<p>
|
|
503
|
+
Associate a new Lua function with a callback. The C type of the
|
|
504
|
+
callback and the callback function pointer are unchanged.
|
|
505
|
+
</p>
|
|
506
|
+
<p>
|
|
507
|
+
This method is useful to dynamically switch the receiver of callbacks
|
|
508
|
+
without creating a new callback each time and registering it again (e.g.
|
|
509
|
+
with a GUI library).
|
|
510
|
+
</p>
|
|
511
|
+
|
|
512
|
+
<h2 id="extended">Extended Standard Library Functions</h2>
|
|
513
|
+
<p>
|
|
514
|
+
The following standard library functions have been extended to work
|
|
515
|
+
with cdata objects:
|
|
516
|
+
</p>
|
|
517
|
+
|
|
518
|
+
<h3 id="tonumber"><tt>n = tonumber(cdata)</tt></h3>
|
|
519
|
+
<p>
|
|
520
|
+
Converts a number cdata object to a <tt>double</tt> and returns it as
|
|
521
|
+
a Lua number. This is particularly useful for boxed 64 bit
|
|
522
|
+
integer values. Caveat: this conversion may incur a precision loss.
|
|
523
|
+
</p>
|
|
524
|
+
|
|
525
|
+
<h3 id="tostring"><tt>s = tostring(cdata)</tt></h3>
|
|
526
|
+
<p>
|
|
527
|
+
Returns a string representation of the value of 64 bit integers
|
|
528
|
+
(<tt><b>"</b>nnn<b>LL"</b></tt> or <tt><b>"</b>nnn<b>ULL"</b></tt>) or
|
|
529
|
+
complex numbers (<tt><b>"</b>re±im<b>i"</b></tt>). Otherwise
|
|
530
|
+
returns a string representation of the C type of a ctype object
|
|
531
|
+
(<tt><b>"ctype<</b>type<b>>"</b></tt>) or a cdata object
|
|
532
|
+
(<tt><b>"cdata<</b>type<b>>: </b>address"</tt>), unless you
|
|
533
|
+
override it with a <tt>__tostring</tt> metamethod (see
|
|
534
|
+
<a href="#ffi_metatype"><tt>ffi.metatype()</tt></a>).
|
|
535
|
+
</p>
|
|
536
|
+
|
|
537
|
+
<h3 id="pairs"><tt>iter, obj, start = pairs(cdata)<br>
|
|
538
|
+
iter, obj, start = ipairs(cdata)<br></tt></h3>
|
|
539
|
+
<p>
|
|
540
|
+
Calls the <tt>__pairs</tt> or <tt>__ipairs</tt> metamethod of the
|
|
541
|
+
corresponding ctype.
|
|
542
|
+
</p>
|
|
543
|
+
|
|
544
|
+
<h2 id="literals">Extensions to the Lua Parser</h2>
|
|
545
|
+
<p>
|
|
546
|
+
The parser for Lua source code treats numeric literals with the
|
|
547
|
+
suffixes <tt>LL</tt> or <tt>ULL</tt> as signed or unsigned 64 bit
|
|
548
|
+
integers. Case doesn't matter, but uppercase is recommended for
|
|
549
|
+
readability. It handles decimal (<tt>42LL</tt>), hexadecimal
|
|
550
|
+
(<tt>0x2aLL</tt>) and binary (<tt>0b101010LL</tt>) literals.
|
|
551
|
+
</p>
|
|
552
|
+
<p>
|
|
553
|
+
The imaginary part of complex numbers can be specified by suffixing
|
|
554
|
+
number literals with <tt>i</tt> or <tt>I</tt>, e.g. <tt>12.5i</tt>.
|
|
555
|
+
Caveat: you'll need to use <tt>1i</tt> to get an imaginary part with
|
|
556
|
+
the value one, since <tt>i</tt> itself still refers to a variable
|
|
557
|
+
named <tt>i</tt>.
|
|
558
|
+
</p>
|
|
559
|
+
<br class="flush">
|
|
560
|
+
</div>
|
|
561
|
+
<div id="foot">
|
|
562
|
+
<hr class="hide">
|
|
563
|
+
Copyright © 2005-2015 Mike Pall
|
|
564
|
+
<span class="noprint">
|
|
565
|
+
·
|
|
566
|
+
<a href="contact.html">Contact</a>
|
|
567
|
+
</span>
|
|
568
|
+
</div>
|
|
569
|
+
</body>
|
|
570
|
+
</html>
|