grpc 1.51.0-x86_64-linux → 1.52.0-x86_64-linux

data/third_party/abseil-cpp/absl/strings/cord.h

@@ -1,1642 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2020 The Abseil Authors.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-//
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-// File: cord.h
-// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-//
-// This file defines the `absl::Cord` data structure and operations on that data
-// structure. A Cord is a string-like sequence of characters optimized for
-// specific use cases. Unlike a `std::string`, which stores an array of
-// contiguous characters, Cord data is stored in a structure consisting of
-// separate, reference-counted "chunks." (Currently, this implementation is a
-// tree structure, though that implementation may change.)
-//
-// Because a Cord consists of these chunks, data can be added to or removed from
-// a Cord during its lifetime. Chunks may also be shared between Cords. Unlike a
-// `std::string`, a Cord can therefore accommodate data that changes over its
-// lifetime, though it's not quite "mutable"; it can change only in the
-// attachment, detachment, or rearrangement of chunks of its constituent data.
-//
-// A Cord provides some benefit over `std::string` under the following (albeit
-// narrow) circumstances:
-//
-//   * Cord data is designed to grow and shrink over a Cord's lifetime. Cord
-//     provides efficient insertions and deletions at the start and end of the
-//     character sequences, avoiding copies in those cases. Static data should
-//     generally be stored as strings.
-//   * External memory consisting of string-like data can be directly added to
-//     a Cord without requiring copies or allocations.
-//   * Cord data may be shared and copied cheaply. Cord provides a copy-on-write
-//     implementation and cheap sub-Cord operations. Copying a Cord is an O(1)
-//     operation.
-//
-// As a consequence to the above, Cord data is generally large. Small data
-// should generally use strings, as construction of a Cord requires some
-// overhead. Small Cords (<= 15 bytes) are represented inline, but most small
-// Cords are expected to grow over their lifetimes.
-//
-// Note that because a Cord is made up of separate chunked data, random access
-// to character data within a Cord is slower than within a `std::string`.
-//
-// Thread Safety
-//
-// Cord has the same thread-safety properties as many other types like
-// std::string, std::vector<>, int, etc -- it is thread-compatible. In
-// particular, if threads do not call non-const methods, then it is safe to call
-// const methods without synchronization. Copying a Cord produces a new instance
-// that can be used concurrently with the original in arbitrary ways.
-
-#ifndef ABSL_STRINGS_CORD_H_
-#define ABSL_STRINGS_CORD_H_
-
-#include <algorithm>
-#include <cstddef>
-#include <cstdint>
-#include <cstring>
-#include <iosfwd>
-#include <iterator>
-#include <string>
-#include <type_traits>
-
-#include "absl/base/attributes.h"
-#include "absl/base/config.h"
-#include "absl/base/internal/endian.h"
-#include "absl/base/internal/per_thread_tls.h"
-#include "absl/base/macros.h"
-#include "absl/base/port.h"
-#include "absl/container/inlined_vector.h"
-#include "absl/functional/function_ref.h"
-#include "absl/meta/type_traits.h"
-#include "absl/strings/cord_analysis.h"
-#include "absl/strings/cord_buffer.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_data_edge.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_internal.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_btree.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_btree_reader.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_crc.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cord_rep_ring.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cordz_functions.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cordz_info.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cordz_statistics.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cordz_update_scope.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/cordz_update_tracker.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/resize_uninitialized.h"
-#include "absl/strings/internal/string_constant.h"
-#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
-#include "absl/types/optional.h"
-
-namespace absl {
-ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
-class Cord;
-class CordTestPeer;
-template <typename Releaser>
-Cord MakeCordFromExternal(absl::string_view, Releaser&&);
-void CopyCordToString(const Cord& src, std::string* dst);
-
-// Cord memory accounting modes
-enum class CordMemoryAccounting {
-  // Counts the *approximate* number of bytes held in full or in part by this
-  // Cord (which may not remain the same between invocations). Cords that share
-  // memory could each be "charged" independently for the same shared memory.
-  kTotal,
-
-  // Counts the *approximate* number of bytes held in full or in part by this
-  // Cord weighted by the sharing ratio of that data. For example, if some data
-  // edge is shared by 4 different Cords, then each cord is attributed 1/4th of
-  // the total memory usage as a 'fair share' of the total memory usage.
-  kFairShare,
-};
-
-// Cord
-//
-// A Cord is a sequence of characters, designed to be more efficient than a
-// `std::string` in certain circumstances: namely, large string data that needs
-// to change over its lifetime or shared, especially when such data is shared
-// across API boundaries.
-//
-// A Cord stores its character data in a structure that allows efficient prepend
-// and append operations. This makes a Cord useful for large string data sent
-// over in a wire format that may need to be prepended or appended at some point
-// during the data exchange (e.g. HTTP, protocol buffers). For example, a
-// Cord is useful for storing an HTTP request, and prepending an HTTP header to
-// such a request.
-//
-// Cords should not be used for storing general string data, however. They
-// require overhead to construct and are slower than strings for random access.
-//
-// The Cord API provides the following common API operations:
-//
-// * Create or assign Cords out of existing string data, memory, or other Cords
-// * Append and prepend data to an existing Cord
-// * Create new Sub-Cords from existing Cord data
-// * Swap Cord data and compare Cord equality
-// * Write out Cord data by constructing a `std::string`
-//
-// Additionally, the API provides iterator utilities to iterate through Cord
-// data via chunks or character bytes.
-//
-class Cord {
- private:
-  template <typename T>
-  using EnableIfString =
-      absl::enable_if_t<std::is_same<T, std::string>::value, int>;
-
- public:
-  // Cord::Cord() Constructors.
-
-  // Creates an empty Cord.
-  constexpr Cord() noexcept;
-
-  // Creates a Cord from an existing Cord. Cord is copyable and efficiently
-  // movable. The moved-from state is valid but unspecified.
-  Cord(const Cord& src);
-  Cord(Cord&& src) noexcept;
-  Cord& operator=(const Cord& x);
-  Cord& operator=(Cord&& x) noexcept;
-
-  // Creates a Cord from a `src` string. This constructor is marked explicit to
-  // prevent implicit Cord constructions from arguments convertible to an
-  // `absl::string_view`.
-  explicit Cord(absl::string_view src);
-  Cord& operator=(absl::string_view src);
-
-  // Creates a Cord from a `std::string&&` rvalue. These constructors are
-  // templated to avoid ambiguities for types that are convertible to both
-  // `absl::string_view` and `std::string`, such as `const char*`.
-  template <typename T, EnableIfString<T> = 0>
-  explicit Cord(T&& src);
-  template <typename T, EnableIfString<T> = 0>
-  Cord& operator=(T&& src);
-
-  // Cord::~Cord()
-  //
-  // Destructs the Cord.
-  ~Cord() {
-    if (contents_.is_tree()) DestroyCordSlow();
-  }
-
-  // MakeCordFromExternal()
-  //
-  // Creates a Cord that takes ownership of external string memory. The
-  // contents of `data` are not copied to the Cord; instead, the external
-  // memory is added to the Cord and reference-counted. This data may not be
-  // changed for the life of the Cord, though it may be prepended or appended
-  // to.
-  //
-  // `MakeCordFromExternal()` takes a callable "releaser" that is invoked when
-  // the reference count for `data` reaches zero. As noted above, this data must
-  // remain live until the releaser is invoked. The callable releaser also must:
-  //
-  //   * be move constructible
-  //   * support `void operator()(absl::string_view) const` or `void operator()`
-  //
-  // Example:
-  //
-  // Cord MakeCord(BlockPool* pool) {
-  //   Block* block = pool->NewBlock();
-  //   FillBlock(block);
-  //   return absl::MakeCordFromExternal(
-  //       block->ToStringView(),
-  //       [pool, block](absl::string_view v) {
-  //         pool->FreeBlock(block, v);
-  //       });
-  // }
-  //
-  // WARNING: Because a Cord can be reference-counted, it's likely a bug if your
-  // releaser doesn't do anything. For example, consider the following:
-  //
-  // void Foo(const char* buffer, int len) {
-  //   auto c = absl::MakeCordFromExternal(absl::string_view(buffer, len),
-  //                                       [](absl::string_view) {});
-  //
-  //   // BUG: If Bar() copies its cord for any reason, including keeping a
-  //   // substring of it, the lifetime of buffer might be extended beyond
-  //   // when Foo() returns.
-  //   Bar(c);
-  // }
-  template <typename Releaser>
-  friend Cord MakeCordFromExternal(absl::string_view data, Releaser&& releaser);
-
-  // Cord::Clear()
-  //
-  // Releases the Cord data. Any nodes that share data with other Cords, if
-  // applicable, will have their reference counts reduced by 1.
-  ABSL_ATTRIBUTE_REINITIALIZES void Clear();
-
-  // Cord::Append()
-  //
-  // Appends data to the Cord, which may come from another Cord or other string
-  // data.
-  void Append(const Cord& src);
-  void Append(Cord&& src);
-  void Append(absl::string_view src);
-  template <typename T, EnableIfString<T> = 0>
-  void Append(T&& src);
-
-  // Appends `buffer` to this cord, unless `buffer` has a zero length in which
-  // case this method has no effect on this cord instance.
-  // This method is guaranteed to consume `buffer`.
-  void Append(CordBuffer buffer);
-
-  // Returns a CordBuffer, re-using potential existing capacity in this cord.
-  //
-  // Cord instances may have additional unused capacity in the last (or first)
-  // nodes of the underlying tree to facilitate amortized growth. This method
-  // allows applications to explicitly use this spare capacity if available,
-  // or create a new CordBuffer instance otherwise.
-  // If this cord has a final non-shared node with at least `min_capacity`
-  // available, then this method will return that buffer including its data
-  // contents. I.e.; the returned buffer will have a non-zero length, and
-  // a capacity of at least `buffer.length + min_capacity`. Otherwise, this
-  // method will return `CordBuffer::CreateWithDefaultLimit(capacity)`.
-  //
-  // Below an example of using GetAppendBuffer. Notice that in this example we
-  // use `GetAppendBuffer()` only on the first iteration. As we know nothing
-  // about any initial extra capacity in `cord`, we may be able to use the extra
-  // capacity. But as we add new buffers with fully utilized contents after that
-  // we avoid calling `GetAppendBuffer()` on subsequent iterations: while this
-  // works fine, it results in an unnecessary inspection of cord contents:
-  //
-  //   void AppendRandomDataToCord(absl::Cord &cord, size_t n) {
-  //     bool first = true;
-  //     while (n > 0) {
-  //       CordBuffer buffer = first ? cord.GetAppendBuffer(n)
-  //                                 : CordBuffer::CreateWithDefaultLimit(n);
-  //       absl::Span<char> data = buffer.available_up_to(n);
-  //       FillRandomValues(data.data(), data.size());
-  //       buffer.IncreaseLengthBy(data.size());
-  //       cord.Append(std::move(buffer));
-  //       n -= data.size();
-  //       first = false;
-  //     }
-  //   }
-  CordBuffer GetAppendBuffer(size_t capacity, size_t min_capacity = 16);
-
-  // Cord::Prepend()
-  //
-  // Prepends data to the Cord, which may come from another Cord or other string
-  // data.
-  void Prepend(const Cord& src);
-  void Prepend(absl::string_view src);
-  template <typename T, EnableIfString<T> = 0>
-  void Prepend(T&& src);
-
-  // Prepends `buffer` to this cord, unless `buffer` has a zero length in which
-  // case this method has no effect on this cord instance.
-  // This method is guaranteed to consume `buffer`.
-  void Prepend(CordBuffer buffer);
-
-  // Cord::RemovePrefix()
-  //
-  // Removes the first `n` bytes of a Cord.
-  void RemovePrefix(size_t n);
-  void RemoveSuffix(size_t n);
-
-  // Cord::Subcord()
-  //
-  // Returns a new Cord representing the subrange [pos, pos + new_size) of
-  // *this. If pos >= size(), the result is empty(). If
-  // (pos + new_size) >= size(), the result is the subrange [pos, size()).
-  Cord Subcord(size_t pos, size_t new_size) const;
-
-  // Cord::swap()
-  //
-  // Swaps the contents of the Cord with `other`.
-  void swap(Cord& other) noexcept;
-
-  // swap()
-  //
-  // Swaps the contents of two Cords.
-  friend void swap(Cord& x, Cord& y) noexcept { x.swap(y); }
-
-  // Cord::size()
-  //
-  // Returns the size of the Cord.
-  size_t size() const;
-
-  // Cord::empty()
-  //
-  // Determines whether the given Cord is empty, returning `true` is so.
-  bool empty() const;
-
-  // Cord::EstimatedMemoryUsage()
-  //
-  // Returns the *approximate* number of bytes held by this cord.
-  // See CordMemoryAccounting for more information on the accounting method.
-  size_t EstimatedMemoryUsage(CordMemoryAccounting accounting_method =
-                                  CordMemoryAccounting::kTotal) const;
-
-  // Cord::Compare()
-  //
-  // Compares 'this' Cord with rhs. This function and its relatives treat Cords
-  // as sequences of unsigned bytes. The comparison is a straightforward
-  // lexicographic comparison. `Cord::Compare()` returns values as follows:
-  //
-  //   -1  'this' Cord is smaller
-  //    0  two Cords are equal
-  //    1  'this' Cord is larger
-  int Compare(absl::string_view rhs) const;
-  int Compare(const Cord& rhs) const;
-
-  // Cord::StartsWith()
-  //
-  // Determines whether the Cord starts with the passed string data `rhs`.
-  bool StartsWith(const Cord& rhs) const;
-  bool StartsWith(absl::string_view rhs) const;
-
-  // Cord::EndsWith()
-  //
-  // Determines whether the Cord ends with the passed string data `rhs`.
-  bool EndsWith(absl::string_view rhs) const;
-  bool EndsWith(const Cord& rhs) const;
-
-  // Cord::operator std::string()
-  //
-  // Converts a Cord into a `std::string()`. This operator is marked explicit to
-  // prevent unintended Cord usage in functions that take a string.
-  explicit operator std::string() const;
-
-  // CopyCordToString()
-  //
-  // Copies the contents of a `src` Cord into a `*dst` string.
-  //
-  // This function optimizes the case of reusing the destination string since it
-  // can reuse previously allocated capacity. However, this function does not
-  // guarantee that pointers previously returned by `dst->data()` remain valid
-  // even if `*dst` had enough capacity to hold `src`. If `*dst` is a new
-  // object, prefer to simply use the conversion operator to `std::string`.
-  friend void CopyCordToString(const Cord& src, std::string* dst);
-
-  class CharIterator;
-
-  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Cord::ChunkIterator
-  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  //
-  // A `Cord::ChunkIterator` allows iteration over the constituent chunks of its
-  // Cord. Such iteration allows you to perform non-const operations on the data
-  // of a Cord without modifying it.
-  //
-  // Generally, you do not instantiate a `Cord::ChunkIterator` directly;
-  // instead, you create one implicitly through use of the `Cord::Chunks()`
-  // member function.
-  //
-  // The `Cord::ChunkIterator` has the following properties:
-  //
-  //   * The iterator is invalidated after any non-const operation on the
-  //     Cord object over which it iterates.
-  //   * The `string_view` returned by dereferencing a valid, non-`end()`
-  //     iterator is guaranteed to be non-empty.
-  //   * Two `ChunkIterator` objects can be compared equal if and only if they
-  //     remain valid and iterate over the same Cord.
-  //   * The iterator in this case is a proxy iterator; the `string_view`
-  //     returned by the iterator does not live inside the Cord, and its
-  //     lifetime is limited to the lifetime of the iterator itself. To help
-  //     prevent lifetime issues, `ChunkIterator::reference` is not a true
-  //     reference type and is equivalent to `value_type`.
-  //   * The iterator keeps state that can grow for Cords that contain many
-  //     nodes and are imbalanced due to sharing. Prefer to pass this type by
-  //     const reference instead of by value.
-  class ChunkIterator {
-   public:
-    using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
-    using value_type = absl::string_view;
-    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
-    using pointer = const value_type*;
-    using reference = value_type;
-
-    ChunkIterator() = default;
-
-    ChunkIterator& operator++();
-    ChunkIterator operator++(int);
-    bool operator==(const ChunkIterator& other) const;
-    bool operator!=(const ChunkIterator& other) const;
-    reference operator*() const;
-    pointer operator->() const;
-
-    friend class Cord;
-    friend class CharIterator;
-
-   private:
-    using CordRep = absl::cord_internal::CordRep;
-    using CordRepBtree = absl::cord_internal::CordRepBtree;
-    using CordRepBtreeReader = absl::cord_internal::CordRepBtreeReader;
-
-    // Constructs a `begin()` iterator from `tree`. `tree` must not be null.
-    explicit ChunkIterator(cord_internal::CordRep* tree);
-
-    // Constructs a `begin()` iterator from `cord`.
-    explicit ChunkIterator(const Cord* cord);
-
-    // Initializes this instance from a tree. Invoked by constructors.
-    void InitTree(cord_internal::CordRep* tree);
-
-    // Removes `n` bytes from `current_chunk_`. Expects `n` to be smaller than
-    // `current_chunk_.size()`.
-    void RemoveChunkPrefix(size_t n);
-    Cord AdvanceAndReadBytes(size_t n);
-    void AdvanceBytes(size_t n);
-
-    // Btree specific operator++
-    ChunkIterator& AdvanceBtree();
-    void AdvanceBytesBtree(size_t n);
-
-    // A view into bytes of the current `CordRep`. It may only be a view to a
-    // suffix of bytes if this is being used by `CharIterator`.
-    absl::string_view current_chunk_;
-    // The current leaf, or `nullptr` if the iterator points to short data.
-    // If the current chunk is a substring node, current_leaf_ points to the
-    // underlying flat or external node.
-    absl::cord_internal::CordRep* current_leaf_ = nullptr;
-    // The number of bytes left in the `Cord` over which we are iterating.
-    size_t bytes_remaining_ = 0;
-
-    // Cord reader for cord btrees. Empty if not traversing a btree.
-    CordRepBtreeReader btree_reader_;
-  };
-
-  // Cord::chunk_begin()
-  //
-  // Returns an iterator to the first chunk of the `Cord`.
-  //
-  // Generally, prefer using `Cord::Chunks()` within a range-based for loop for
-  // iterating over the chunks of a Cord. This method may be useful for getting
-  // a `ChunkIterator` where range-based for-loops are not useful.
-  //
-  // Example:
-  //
-  //   absl::Cord::ChunkIterator FindAsChunk(const absl::Cord& c,
-  //                                         absl::string_view s) {
-  //     return std::find(c.chunk_begin(), c.chunk_end(), s);
-  //   }
-  ChunkIterator chunk_begin() const;
-
-  // Cord::chunk_end()
-  //
-  // Returns an iterator one increment past the last chunk of the `Cord`.
-  //
-  // Generally, prefer using `Cord::Chunks()` within a range-based for loop for
-  // iterating over the chunks of a Cord. This method may be useful for getting
-  // a `ChunkIterator` where range-based for-loops may not be available.
-  ChunkIterator chunk_end() const;
-
-  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Cord::ChunkRange
-  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  //
-  // `ChunkRange` is a helper class for iterating over the chunks of the `Cord`,
-  // producing an iterator which can be used within a range-based for loop.
-  // Construction of a `ChunkRange` will return an iterator pointing to the
-  // first chunk of the Cord. Generally, do not construct a `ChunkRange`
-  // directly; instead, prefer to use the `Cord::Chunks()` method.
-  //
-  // Implementation note: `ChunkRange` is simply a convenience wrapper over
-  // `Cord::chunk_begin()` and `Cord::chunk_end()`.
-  class ChunkRange {
-   public:
-    // Fulfill minimum c++ container requirements [container.requirements]
-    // These (partial) container type definitions allow ChunkRange to be used
-    // in various utilities expecting a subset of [container.requirements].
-    // For example, the below enables using `::testing::ElementsAre(...)`
-    using value_type = absl::string_view;
-    using reference = value_type&;
-    using const_reference = const value_type&;
-    using iterator = ChunkIterator;
-    using const_iterator = ChunkIterator;
-
-    explicit ChunkRange(const Cord* cord) : cord_(cord) {}
-
-    ChunkIterator begin() const;
-    ChunkIterator end() const;
-
-   private:
-    const Cord* cord_;
-  };
-
-  // Cord::Chunks()
-  //
-  // Returns a `Cord::ChunkRange` for iterating over the chunks of a `Cord` with
-  // a range-based for-loop. For most iteration tasks on a Cord, use
-  // `Cord::Chunks()` to retrieve this iterator.
-  //
-  // Example:
-  //
-  //   void ProcessChunks(const Cord& cord) {
-  //     for (absl::string_view chunk : cord.Chunks()) { ... }
-  //   }
-  //
-  // Note that the ordinary caveats of temporary lifetime extension apply:
-  //
-  //   void Process() {
-  //     for (absl::string_view chunk : CordFactory().Chunks()) {
-  //       // The temporary Cord returned by CordFactory has been destroyed!
-  //     }
-  //   }
-  ChunkRange Chunks() const;
-
-  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  // Cord::CharIterator
-  //----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-  //
-  // A `Cord::CharIterator` allows iteration over the constituent characters of
-  // a `Cord`.
-  //
-  // Generally, you do not instantiate a `Cord::CharIterator` directly; instead,
-  // you create one implicitly through use of the `Cord::Chars()` member
-  // function.
-  //
-  // A `Cord::CharIterator` has the following properties:
-  //
-  //   * The iterator is invalidated after any non-const operation on the
-  //     Cord object over which it iterates.
-  //   * Two `CharIterator` objects can be compared equal if and only if they
-  //     remain valid and iterate over the same Cord.
-  //   * The iterator keeps state that can grow for Cords that contain many
-  //     nodes and are imbalanced due to sharing. Prefer to pass this type by
-  //     const reference instead of by value.
-  //   * This type cannot act as a forward iterator because a `Cord` can reuse
-  //     sections of memory. This fact violates the requirement for forward
-  //     iterators to compare equal if dereferencing them returns the same
-  //     object.
-  class CharIterator {
-   public:
-    using iterator_category = std::input_iterator_tag;
-    using value_type = char;
-    using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
-    using pointer = const char*;
-    using reference = const char&;
-
-    CharIterator() = default;
-
-    CharIterator& operator++();
-    CharIterator operator++(int);
-    bool operator==(const CharIterator& other) const;
-    bool operator!=(const CharIterator& other) const;
-    reference operator*() const;
-    pointer operator->() const;
-
-    friend Cord;
-
-   private:
-    explicit CharIterator(const Cord* cord) : chunk_iterator_(cord) {}
-
-    ChunkIterator chunk_iterator_;
-  };
-
-  // Cord::AdvanceAndRead()
-  //
-  // Advances the `Cord::CharIterator` by `n_bytes` and returns the bytes
-  // advanced as a separate `Cord`. `n_bytes` must be less than or equal to the
-  // number of bytes within the Cord; otherwise, behavior is undefined. It is
-  // valid to pass `char_end()` and `0`.
-  static Cord AdvanceAndRead(CharIterator* it, size_t n_bytes);
-
-  // Cord::Advance()
-  //
-  // Advances the `Cord::CharIterator` by `n_bytes`. `n_bytes` must be less than
-  // or equal to the number of bytes remaining within the Cord; otherwise,
-  // behavior is undefined. It is valid to pass `char_end()` and `0`.
-  static void Advance(CharIterator* it, size_t n_bytes);
-
-  // Cord::ChunkRemaining()
-  //
-  // Returns the longest contiguous view starting at the iterator's position.
-  //
-  // `it` must be dereferenceable.
-  static absl::string_view ChunkRemaining(const CharIterator& it);
-
-  // Cord::char_begin()
-  //
-  // Returns an iterator to the first character of the `Cord`.
-  //
-  // Generally, prefer using `Cord::Chars()` within a range-based for loop for
-  // iterating over the chunks of a Cord. This method may be useful for getting
-  // a `CharIterator` where range-based for-loops may not be available.
-  CharIterator char_begin() const;
-
-  // Cord::char_end()
-  //
-  // Returns an iterator to one past the last character of the `Cord`.
-  //
-  // Generally, prefer using `Cord::Chars()` within a range-based for loop for
-  // iterating over the chunks of a Cord. This method may be useful for getting
-  // a `CharIterator` where range-based for-loops are not useful.
-  CharIterator char_end() const;
-
-  // Cord::CharRange
-  //
-  // `CharRange` is a helper class for iterating over the characters of a
-  // producing an iterator which can be used within a range-based for loop.
-  // Construction of a `CharRange` will return an iterator pointing to the first
-  // character of the Cord. Generally, do not construct a `CharRange` directly;
-  // instead, prefer to use the `Cord::Chars()` method shown below.
-  //
-  // Implementation note: `CharRange` is simply a convenience wrapper over
-  // `Cord::char_begin()` and `Cord::char_end()`.
-  class CharRange {
-   public:
-    // Fulfill minimum c++ container requirements [container.requirements]
-    // Theses (partial) container type definitions allow CharRange to be used
-    // in various utilities expecting a subset of [container.requirements].
-    // For example, the below enables using `::testing::ElementsAre(...)`
-    using value_type = char;
-    using reference = value_type&;
-    using const_reference = const value_type&;
-    using iterator = CharIterator;
-    using const_iterator = CharIterator;
-
-    explicit CharRange(const Cord* cord) : cord_(cord) {}
-
-    CharIterator begin() const;
-    CharIterator end() const;
-
-   private:
-    const Cord* cord_;
-  };
-
-  // Cord::Chars()
-  //
-  // Returns a `Cord::CharRange` for iterating over the characters of a `Cord`
-  // with a range-based for-loop. For most character-based iteration tasks on a
-  // Cord, use `Cord::Chars()` to retrieve this iterator.
-  //
-  // Example:
-  //
-  //   void ProcessCord(const Cord& cord) {
-  //     for (char c : cord.Chars()) { ... }
-  //   }
-  //
-  // Note that the ordinary caveats of temporary lifetime extension apply:
-  //
-  //   void Process() {
-  //     for (char c : CordFactory().Chars()) {
-  //       // The temporary Cord returned by CordFactory has been destroyed!
-  //     }
-  //   }
-  CharRange Chars() const;
-
-  // Cord::operator[]
-  //
-  // Gets the "i"th character of the Cord and returns it, provided that
-  // 0 <= i < Cord.size().
-  //
-  // NOTE: This routine is reasonably efficient. It is roughly
-  // logarithmic based on the number of chunks that make up the cord. Still,
-  // if you need to iterate over the contents of a cord, you should
-  // use a CharIterator/ChunkIterator rather than call operator[] or Get()
-  // repeatedly in a loop.
-  char operator[](size_t i) const;
-
-  // Cord::TryFlat()
-  //
-  // If this cord's representation is a single flat array, returns a
-  // string_view referencing that array.  Otherwise returns nullopt.
-  absl::optional<absl::string_view> TryFlat() const;
-
-  // Cord::Flatten()
-  //
-  // Flattens the cord into a single array and returns a view of the data.
-  //
-  // If the cord was already flat, the contents are not modified.
-  absl::string_view Flatten();
-
-  // Supports absl::Cord as a sink object for absl::Format().
-  friend void AbslFormatFlush(absl::Cord* cord, absl::string_view part) {
-    cord->Append(part);
-  }
-
-  // Cord::SetExpectedChecksum()
-  //
-  // Stores a checksum value with this non-empty cord instance, for later
-  // retrieval.
-  //
-  // The expected checksum is a number stored out-of-band, alongside the data.
-  // It is preserved across copies and assignments, but any mutations to a cord
-  // will cause it to lose its expected checksum.
-  //
-  // The expected checksum is not part of a Cord's value, and does not affect
-  // operations such as equality or hashing.
-  //
-  // This field is intended to store a CRC32C checksum for later validation, to
-  // help support end-to-end checksum workflows.  However, the Cord API itself
-  // does no CRC validation, and assigns no meaning to this number.
-  //
-  // This call has no effect if this cord is empty.
-  void SetExpectedChecksum(uint32_t crc);
-
-  // Returns this cord's expected checksum, if it has one.  Otherwise, returns
-  // nullopt.
-  absl::optional<uint32_t> ExpectedChecksum() const;
-
-  template <typename H>
-  friend H AbslHashValue(H hash_state, const absl::Cord& c) {
-    absl::optional<absl::string_view> maybe_flat = c.TryFlat();
-    if (maybe_flat.has_value()) {
-      return H::combine(std::move(hash_state), *maybe_flat);
-    }
-    return c.HashFragmented(std::move(hash_state));
-  }
-
-  // Create a Cord with the contents of StringConstant<T>::value.
-  // No allocations will be done and no data will be copied.
-  // This is an INTERNAL API and subject to change or removal. This API can only
-  // be used by spelling absl::strings_internal::MakeStringConstant, which is
-  // also an internal API.
-  template <typename T>
-  // NOLINTNEXTLINE(google-explicit-constructor)
-  constexpr Cord(strings_internal::StringConstant<T>);
-
- private:
-  using CordRep = absl::cord_internal::CordRep;
-  using CordRepFlat = absl::cord_internal::CordRepFlat;
-  using CordzInfo = cord_internal::CordzInfo;
-  using CordzUpdateScope = cord_internal::CordzUpdateScope;
-  using CordzUpdateTracker = cord_internal::CordzUpdateTracker;
-  using InlineData = cord_internal::InlineData;
-  using MethodIdentifier = CordzUpdateTracker::MethodIdentifier;
-
-  // Creates a cord instance with `method` representing the originating
-  // public API call causing the cord to be created.
-  explicit Cord(absl::string_view src, MethodIdentifier method);
-
-  friend class CordTestPeer;
-  friend bool operator==(const Cord& lhs, const Cord& rhs);
-  friend bool operator==(const Cord& lhs, absl::string_view rhs);
-
-  friend const CordzInfo* GetCordzInfoForTesting(const Cord& cord);
-
-  // Calls the provided function once for each cord chunk, in order.  Unlike
-  // Chunks(), this API will not allocate memory.
-  void ForEachChunk(absl::FunctionRef<void(absl::string_view)>) const;
-
-  // Allocates new contiguous storage for the contents of the cord. This is
-  // called by Flatten() when the cord was not already flat.
-  absl::string_view FlattenSlowPath();
-
-  // Actual cord contents are hidden inside the following simple
-  // class so that we can isolate the bulk of cord.cc from changes
-  // to the representation.
-  //
-  // InlineRep holds either a tree pointer, or an array of kMaxInline bytes.
-  class InlineRep {
-   public:
-    static constexpr unsigned char kMaxInline = cord_internal::kMaxInline;
-    static_assert(kMaxInline >= sizeof(absl::cord_internal::CordRep*), "");
-
-    constexpr InlineRep() : data_() {}
-    explicit InlineRep(InlineData::DefaultInitType init) : data_(init) {}
-    InlineRep(const InlineRep& src);
-    InlineRep(InlineRep&& src);
-    InlineRep& operator=(const InlineRep& src);
-    InlineRep& operator=(InlineRep&& src) noexcept;
-
-    explicit constexpr InlineRep(cord_internal::InlineData data);
-
-    void Swap(InlineRep* rhs);
-    bool empty() const;
-    size_t size() const;
-    const char* data() const;  // Returns nullptr if holding pointer
-    void set_data(const char* data, size_t n);  // Discards pointer, if any
-    char* set_data(size_t n);                   // Write data to the result
-    // Returns nullptr if holding bytes
-    absl::cord_internal::CordRep* tree() const;
-    absl::cord_internal::CordRep* as_tree() const;
-    const char* as_chars() const;
-    // Returns non-null iff was holding a pointer
-    absl::cord_internal::CordRep* clear();
-    // Converts to pointer if necessary.
-    void reduce_size(size_t n);    // REQUIRES: holding data
-    void remove_prefix(size_t n);  // REQUIRES: holding data
-    void AppendArray(absl::string_view src, MethodIdentifier method);
-    absl::string_view FindFlatStartPiece() const;
-
-    // Creates a CordRepFlat instance from the current inlined data with `extra'
-    // bytes of desired additional capacity.
-    CordRepFlat* MakeFlatWithExtraCapacity(size_t extra);
-
-    // Sets the tree value for this instance. `rep` must not be null.
-    // Requires the current instance to hold a tree, and a lock to be held on
-    // any CordzInfo referenced by this instance. The latter is enforced through
-    // the CordzUpdateScope argument. If the current instance is sampled, then
-    // the CordzInfo instance is updated to reference the new `rep` value.
-    void SetTree(CordRep* rep, const CordzUpdateScope& scope);
-
-    // Identical to SetTree(), except that `rep` is allowed to be null, in
-    // which case the current instance is reset to an empty value.
-    void SetTreeOrEmpty(CordRep* rep, const CordzUpdateScope& scope);
-
-    // Sets the tree value for this instance, and randomly samples this cord.
-    // This function disregards existing contents in `data_`, and should be
-    // called when a Cord is 'promoted' from an 'uninitialized' or 'inlined'
-    // value to a non-inlined (tree / ring) value.
-    void EmplaceTree(CordRep* rep, MethodIdentifier method);
-
-    // Identical to EmplaceTree, except that it copies the parent stack from
-    // the provided `parent` data if the parent is sampled.
-    void EmplaceTree(CordRep* rep, const InlineData& parent,
-                     MethodIdentifier method);
-
-    // Commits the change of a newly created, or updated `rep` root value into
-    // this cord. `old_rep` indicates the old (inlined or tree) value of the
-    // cord, and determines if the commit invokes SetTree() or EmplaceTree().
-    void CommitTree(const CordRep* old_rep, CordRep* rep,
-                    const CordzUpdateScope& scope, MethodIdentifier method);
-
-    void AppendTreeToInlined(CordRep* tree, MethodIdentifier method);
-    void AppendTreeToTree(CordRep* tree, MethodIdentifier method);
-    void AppendTree(CordRep* tree, MethodIdentifier method);
-    void PrependTreeToInlined(CordRep* tree, MethodIdentifier method);
-    void PrependTreeToTree(CordRep* tree, MethodIdentifier method);
-    void PrependTree(CordRep* tree, MethodIdentifier method);
-
-    template <bool has_length>
-    void GetAppendRegion(char** region, size_t* size, size_t length);
-
-    bool IsSame(const InlineRep& other) const {
-      return memcmp(&data_, &other.data_, sizeof(data_)) == 0;
-    }
-    int BitwiseCompare(const InlineRep& other) const {
-      uint64_t x, y;
-      // Use memcpy to avoid aliasing issues.
-      memcpy(&x, &data_, sizeof(x));
-      memcpy(&y, &other.data_, sizeof(y));
-      if (x == y) {
-        memcpy(&x, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&data_) + 8, sizeof(x));
-        memcpy(&y, reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&other.data_) + 8, sizeof(y));
-        if (x == y) return 0;
-      }
-      return absl::big_endian::FromHost64(x) < absl::big_endian::FromHost64(y)
-                 ? -1
-                 : 1;
-    }
-    void CopyTo(std::string* dst) const {
-      // memcpy is much faster when operating on a known size. On most supported
-      // platforms, the small string optimization is large enough that resizing
-      // to 15 bytes does not cause a memory allocation.
-      absl::strings_internal::STLStringResizeUninitialized(dst,
-                                                           sizeof(data_) - 1);
-      memcpy(&(*dst)[0], &data_, sizeof(data_) - 1);
-      // erase is faster than resize because the logic for memory allocation is
-      // not needed.
-      dst->erase(inline_size());
-    }
-
-    // Copies the inline contents into `dst`. Assumes the cord is not empty.
-    void CopyToArray(char* dst) const;
-
-    bool is_tree() const { return data_.is_tree(); }
-
-    // Returns true if the Cord is being profiled by cordz.
-    bool is_profiled() const { return data_.is_tree() && data_.is_profiled(); }
-
-    // Returns the available inlined capacity, or 0 if is_tree() == true.
-    size_t remaining_inline_capacity() const {
-      return data_.is_tree() ? 0 : kMaxInline - data_.inline_size();
-    }
-
-    // Returns the profiled CordzInfo, or nullptr if not sampled.
-    absl::cord_internal::CordzInfo* cordz_info() const {
-      return data_.cordz_info();
-    }
-
-    // Sets the profiled CordzInfo. `cordz_info` must not be null.
-    void set_cordz_info(cord_internal::CordzInfo* cordz_info) {
-      assert(cordz_info != nullptr);
-      data_.set_cordz_info(cordz_info);
-    }
-
-    // Resets the current cordz_info to null / empty.
-    void clear_cordz_info() { data_.clear_cordz_info(); }
-
-   private:
-    friend class Cord;
-
-    void AssignSlow(const InlineRep& src);
-    // Unrefs the tree and stops profiling.
-    void UnrefTree();
-
-    void ResetToEmpty() { data_ = {}; }
-
-    void set_inline_size(size_t size) { data_.set_inline_size(size); }
-    size_t inline_size() const { return data_.inline_size(); }
-
-    cord_internal::InlineData data_;
-  };
-  InlineRep contents_;
-
-  // Helper for GetFlat() and TryFlat().
-  static bool GetFlatAux(absl::cord_internal::CordRep* rep,
-                         absl::string_view* fragment);
-
-  // Helper for ForEachChunk().
-  static void ForEachChunkAux(
-      absl::cord_internal::CordRep* rep,
-      absl::FunctionRef<void(absl::string_view)> callback);
-
-  // The destructor for non-empty Cords.
-  void DestroyCordSlow();
-
-  // Out-of-line implementation of slower parts of logic.
-  void CopyToArraySlowPath(char* dst) const;
-  int CompareSlowPath(absl::string_view rhs, size_t compared_size,
-                      size_t size_to_compare) const;
-  int CompareSlowPath(const Cord& rhs, size_t compared_size,
-                      size_t size_to_compare) const;
-  bool EqualsImpl(absl::string_view rhs, size_t size_to_compare) const;
-  bool EqualsImpl(const Cord& rhs, size_t size_to_compare) const;
-  int CompareImpl(const Cord& rhs) const;
-
-  template <typename ResultType, typename RHS>
-  friend ResultType GenericCompare(const Cord& lhs, const RHS& rhs,
-                                   size_t size_to_compare);
-  static absl::string_view GetFirstChunk(const Cord& c);
-  static absl::string_view GetFirstChunk(absl::string_view sv);
-
-  // Returns a new reference to contents_.tree(), or steals an existing
-  // reference if called on an rvalue.
-  absl::cord_internal::CordRep* TakeRep() const&;
-  absl::cord_internal::CordRep* TakeRep() &&;
-
-  // Helper for Append().
-  template <typename C>
-  void AppendImpl(C&& src);
-
-  // Appends / Prepends `src` to this instance, using precise sizing.
-  // This method does explicitly not attempt to use any spare capacity
-  // in any pending last added private owned flat.
-  // Requires `src` to be <= kMaxFlatLength.
-  void AppendPrecise(absl::string_view src, MethodIdentifier method);
-  void PrependPrecise(absl::string_view src, MethodIdentifier method);
-
-  CordBuffer GetAppendBufferSlowPath(size_t capacity, size_t min_capacity);
-
-  // Prepends the provided data to this instance. `method` contains the public
-  // API method for this action which is tracked for Cordz sampling purposes.
-  void PrependArray(absl::string_view src, MethodIdentifier method);
-
-  // Assigns the value in 'src' to this instance, 'stealing' its contents.
-  // Requires src.length() > kMaxBytesToCopy.
-  Cord& AssignLargeString(std::string&& src);
-
-  // Helper for AbslHashValue().
-  template <typename H>
-  H HashFragmented(H hash_state) const {
-    typename H::AbslInternalPiecewiseCombiner combiner;
-    ForEachChunk([&combiner, &hash_state](absl::string_view chunk) {
-      hash_state = combiner.add_buffer(std::move(hash_state), chunk.data(),
-                                       chunk.size());
-    });
-    return H::combine(combiner.finalize(std::move(hash_state)), size());
-  }
-};
-
-ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
-}  // namespace absl
-
-namespace absl {
-ABSL_NAMESPACE_BEGIN
-
-// allow a Cord to be logged
-extern std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const Cord& cord);
-
-// ------------------------------------------------------------------
-// Internal details follow.  Clients should ignore.
-
-namespace cord_internal {
-
-// Fast implementation of memmove for up to 15 bytes. This implementation is
-// safe for overlapping regions. If nullify_tail is true, the destination is
-// padded with '\0' up to 16 bytes.
-template <bool nullify_tail = false>
-inline void SmallMemmove(char* dst, const char* src, size_t n) {
-  if (n >= 8) {
-    assert(n <= 16);
-    uint64_t buf1;
-    uint64_t buf2;
-    memcpy(&buf1, src, 8);
-    memcpy(&buf2, src + n - 8, 8);
-    if (nullify_tail) {
-      memset(dst + 8, 0, 8);
-    }
-    memcpy(dst, &buf1, 8);
-    memcpy(dst + n - 8, &buf2, 8);
-  } else if (n >= 4) {
-    uint32_t buf1;
-    uint32_t buf2;
-    memcpy(&buf1, src, 4);
-    memcpy(&buf2, src + n - 4, 4);
-    if (nullify_tail) {
-      memset(dst + 4, 0, 4);
-      memset(dst + 8, 0, 8);
-    }
-    memcpy(dst, &buf1, 4);
-    memcpy(dst + n - 4, &buf2, 4);
-  } else {
-    if (n != 0) {
-      dst[0] = src[0];
-      dst[n / 2] = src[n / 2];
-      dst[n - 1] = src[n - 1];
-    }
-    if (nullify_tail) {
-      memset(dst + 8, 0, 8);
-      memset(dst + n, 0, 8);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-// Does non-template-specific `CordRepExternal` initialization.
-// Requires `data` to be non-empty.
-void InitializeCordRepExternal(absl::string_view data, CordRepExternal* rep);
-
-// Creates a new `CordRep` that owns `data` and `releaser` and returns a pointer
-// to it. Requires `data` to be non-empty.
-template <typename Releaser>
-// NOLINTNEXTLINE - suppress clang-tidy raw pointer return.
-CordRep* NewExternalRep(absl::string_view data, Releaser&& releaser) {
-  assert(!data.empty());
-  using ReleaserType = absl::decay_t<Releaser>;
-  CordRepExternal* rep = new CordRepExternalImpl<ReleaserType>(
-      std::forward<Releaser>(releaser), 0);
-  InitializeCordRepExternal(data, rep);
-  return rep;
-}
-
-// Overload for function reference types that dispatches using a function
-// pointer because there are no `alignof()` or `sizeof()` a function reference.
-// NOLINTNEXTLINE - suppress clang-tidy raw pointer return.
-inline CordRep* NewExternalRep(absl::string_view data,
-                               void (&releaser)(absl::string_view)) {
-  return NewExternalRep(data, &releaser);
-}
-
-}  // namespace cord_internal
-
-template <typename Releaser>
-Cord MakeCordFromExternal(absl::string_view data, Releaser&& releaser) {
-  Cord cord;
-  if (ABSL_PREDICT_TRUE(!data.empty())) {
-    cord.contents_.EmplaceTree(::absl::cord_internal::NewExternalRep(
-                                   data, std::forward<Releaser>(releaser)),
-                               Cord::MethodIdentifier::kMakeCordFromExternal);
-  } else {
-    using ReleaserType = absl::decay_t<Releaser>;
-    cord_internal::InvokeReleaser(
-        cord_internal::Rank0{}, ReleaserType(std::forward<Releaser>(releaser)),
-        data);
-  }
-  return cord;
-}
-
-constexpr Cord::InlineRep::InlineRep(cord_internal::InlineData data)
-    : data_(data) {}
-
-inline Cord::InlineRep::InlineRep(const Cord::InlineRep& src)
-    : data_(InlineData::kDefaultInit) {
-  if (CordRep* tree = src.tree()) {
-    EmplaceTree(CordRep::Ref(tree), src.data_,
-                CordzUpdateTracker::kConstructorCord);
-  } else {
-    data_ = src.data_;
-  }
-}
-
-inline Cord::InlineRep::InlineRep(Cord::InlineRep&& src) : data_(src.data_) {
-  src.ResetToEmpty();
-}
-
-inline Cord::InlineRep& Cord::InlineRep::operator=(const Cord::InlineRep& src) {
-  if (this == &src) {
-    return *this;
-  }
-  if (!is_tree() && !src.is_tree()) {
-    data_ = src.data_;
-    return *this;
-  }
-  AssignSlow(src);
-  return *this;
-}
-
-inline Cord::InlineRep& Cord::InlineRep::operator=(
-    Cord::InlineRep&& src) noexcept {
-  if (is_tree()) {
-    UnrefTree();
-  }
-  data_ = src.data_;
-  src.ResetToEmpty();
-  return *this;
-}
-
-inline void Cord::InlineRep::Swap(Cord::InlineRep* rhs) {
-  if (rhs == this) {
-    return;
-  }
-  std::swap(data_, rhs->data_);
-}
-
-inline const char* Cord::InlineRep::data() const {
-  return is_tree() ? nullptr : data_.as_chars();
-}
-
-inline const char* Cord::InlineRep::as_chars() const {
-  assert(!data_.is_tree());
-  return data_.as_chars();
-}
-
-inline absl::cord_internal::CordRep* Cord::InlineRep::as_tree() const {
-  assert(data_.is_tree());
-  return data_.as_tree();
-}
-
-inline absl::cord_internal::CordRep* Cord::InlineRep::tree() const {
-  if (is_tree()) {
-    return as_tree();
-  } else {
-    return nullptr;
-  }
-}
-
-inline bool Cord::InlineRep::empty() const { return data_.is_empty(); }
-
-inline size_t Cord::InlineRep::size() const {
-  return is_tree() ? as_tree()->length : inline_size();
-}
-
-inline cord_internal::CordRepFlat* Cord::InlineRep::MakeFlatWithExtraCapacity(
-    size_t extra) {
-  static_assert(cord_internal::kMinFlatLength >= sizeof(data_), "");
-  size_t len = data_.inline_size();
-  auto* result = CordRepFlat::New(len + extra);
-  result->length = len;
-  memcpy(result->Data(), data_.as_chars(), sizeof(data_));
-  return result;
-}
-
-inline void Cord::InlineRep::EmplaceTree(CordRep* rep,
-                                         MethodIdentifier method) {
-  assert(rep);
-  data_.make_tree(rep);
-  CordzInfo::MaybeTrackCord(data_, method);
-}
-
-inline void Cord::InlineRep::EmplaceTree(CordRep* rep, const InlineData& parent,
-                                         MethodIdentifier method) {
-  data_.make_tree(rep);
-  CordzInfo::MaybeTrackCord(data_, parent, method);
-}
-
-inline void Cord::InlineRep::SetTree(CordRep* rep,
-                                     const CordzUpdateScope& scope) {
-  assert(rep);
-  assert(data_.is_tree());
-  data_.set_tree(rep);
-  scope.SetCordRep(rep);
-}
-
-inline void Cord::InlineRep::SetTreeOrEmpty(CordRep* rep,
-                                            const CordzUpdateScope& scope) {
-  assert(data_.is_tree());
-  if (rep) {
-    data_.set_tree(rep);
-  } else {
-    data_ = {};
-  }
-  scope.SetCordRep(rep);
-}
-
-inline void Cord::InlineRep::CommitTree(const CordRep* old_rep, CordRep* rep,
-                                        const CordzUpdateScope& scope,
-                                        MethodIdentifier method) {
-  if (old_rep) {
-    SetTree(rep, scope);
-  } else {
-    EmplaceTree(rep, method);
-  }
-}
-
-inline absl::cord_internal::CordRep* Cord::InlineRep::clear() {
-  if (is_tree()) {
-    CordzInfo::MaybeUntrackCord(cordz_info());
-  }
-  absl::cord_internal::CordRep* result = tree();
-  ResetToEmpty();
-  return result;
-}
-
-inline void Cord::InlineRep::CopyToArray(char* dst) const {
-  assert(!is_tree());
-  size_t n = inline_size();
-  assert(n != 0);
-  cord_internal::SmallMemmove(dst, data_.as_chars(), n);
-}
-
-constexpr inline Cord::Cord() noexcept {}
-
-inline Cord::Cord(absl::string_view src)
-    : Cord(src, CordzUpdateTracker::kConstructorString) {}
-
-template <typename T>
-constexpr Cord::Cord(strings_internal::StringConstant<T>)
-    : contents_(strings_internal::StringConstant<T>::value.size() <=
-                        cord_internal::kMaxInline
-                    ? cord_internal::InlineData(
-                          strings_internal::StringConstant<T>::value)
-                    : cord_internal::InlineData(
-                          &cord_internal::ConstInitExternalStorage<
-                              strings_internal::StringConstant<T>>::value)) {}
-
-inline Cord& Cord::operator=(const Cord& x) {
-  contents_ = x.contents_;
-  return *this;
-}
-
-template <typename T, Cord::EnableIfString<T>>
-Cord& Cord::operator=(T&& src) {
-  if (src.size() <= cord_internal::kMaxBytesToCopy) {
-    return operator=(absl::string_view(src));
-  } else {
-    return AssignLargeString(std::forward<T>(src));
-  }
-}
-
-inline Cord::Cord(const Cord& src) : contents_(src.contents_) {}
-
-inline Cord::Cord(Cord&& src) noexcept : contents_(std::move(src.contents_)) {}
-
-inline void Cord::swap(Cord& other) noexcept {
-  contents_.Swap(&other.contents_);
-}
-
-inline Cord& Cord::operator=(Cord&& x) noexcept {
-  contents_ = std::move(x.contents_);
-  return *this;
-}
-
-extern template Cord::Cord(std::string&& src);
-
-inline size_t Cord::size() const {
-  // Length is 1st field in str.rep_
-  return contents_.size();
-}
-
-inline bool Cord::empty() const { return contents_.empty(); }
-
-inline size_t Cord::EstimatedMemoryUsage(
-    CordMemoryAccounting accounting_method) const {
-  size_t result = sizeof(Cord);
-  if (const absl::cord_internal::CordRep* rep = contents_.tree()) {
-    if (accounting_method == CordMemoryAccounting::kFairShare) {
-      result += cord_internal::GetEstimatedFairShareMemoryUsage(rep);
-    } else {
-      result += cord_internal::GetEstimatedMemoryUsage(rep);
-    }
-  }
-  return result;
-}
-
-inline absl::optional<absl::string_view> Cord::TryFlat() const {
-  absl::cord_internal::CordRep* rep = contents_.tree();
-  if (rep == nullptr) {
-    return absl::string_view(contents_.data(), contents_.size());
-  }
-  absl::string_view fragment;
-  if (GetFlatAux(rep, &fragment)) {
-    return fragment;
-  }
-  return absl::nullopt;
-}
-
-inline absl::string_view Cord::Flatten() {
-  absl::cord_internal::CordRep* rep = contents_.tree();
-  if (rep == nullptr) {
-    return absl::string_view(contents_.data(), contents_.size());
-  } else {
-    absl::string_view already_flat_contents;
-    if (GetFlatAux(rep, &already_flat_contents)) {
-      return already_flat_contents;
-    }
-  }
-  return FlattenSlowPath();
-}
-
-inline void Cord::Append(absl::string_view src) {
-  contents_.AppendArray(src, CordzUpdateTracker::kAppendString);
-}
-
-inline void Cord::Prepend(absl::string_view src) {
-  PrependArray(src, CordzUpdateTracker::kPrependString);
-}
-
-inline void Cord::Append(CordBuffer buffer) {
-  if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(buffer.length() == 0)) return;
-  absl::string_view short_value;
-  if (CordRep* rep = buffer.ConsumeValue(short_value)) {
-    contents_.AppendTree(rep, CordzUpdateTracker::kAppendCordBuffer);
-  } else {
-    AppendPrecise(short_value, CordzUpdateTracker::kAppendCordBuffer);
-  }
-}
-
-inline void Cord::Prepend(CordBuffer buffer) {
-  if (ABSL_PREDICT_FALSE(buffer.length() == 0)) return;
-  absl::string_view short_value;
-  if (CordRep* rep = buffer.ConsumeValue(short_value)) {
-    contents_.PrependTree(rep, CordzUpdateTracker::kPrependCordBuffer);
-  } else {
-    PrependPrecise(short_value, CordzUpdateTracker::kPrependCordBuffer);
-  }
-}
-
-inline CordBuffer Cord::GetAppendBuffer(size_t capacity, size_t min_capacity) {
-  if (empty()) return CordBuffer::CreateWithDefaultLimit(capacity);
-  return GetAppendBufferSlowPath(capacity, min_capacity);
-}
-
-extern template void Cord::Append(std::string&& src);
-extern template void Cord::Prepend(std::string&& src);
-
-inline int Cord::Compare(const Cord& rhs) const {
-  if (!contents_.is_tree() && !rhs.contents_.is_tree()) {
-    return contents_.BitwiseCompare(rhs.contents_);
-  }
-
-  return CompareImpl(rhs);
-}
-
-// Does 'this' cord start/end with rhs
-inline bool Cord::StartsWith(const Cord& rhs) const {
-  if (contents_.IsSame(rhs.contents_)) return true;
-  size_t rhs_size = rhs.size();
-  if (size() < rhs_size) return false;
-  return EqualsImpl(rhs, rhs_size);
-}
-
-inline bool Cord::StartsWith(absl::string_view rhs) const {
-  size_t rhs_size = rhs.size();
-  if (size() < rhs_size) return false;
-  return EqualsImpl(rhs, rhs_size);
-}
-
-inline void Cord::ChunkIterator::InitTree(cord_internal::CordRep* tree) {
-  tree = cord_internal::SkipCrcNode(tree);
-  if (tree->tag == cord_internal::BTREE) {
-    current_chunk_ = btree_reader_.Init(tree->btree());
-  } else {
-    current_leaf_ = tree;
-    current_chunk_ = cord_internal::EdgeData(tree);
-  }
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator::ChunkIterator(cord_internal::CordRep* tree) {
-  bytes_remaining_ = tree->length;
-  InitTree(tree);
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator::ChunkIterator(const Cord* cord) {
-  if (CordRep* tree = cord->contents_.tree()) {
-    bytes_remaining_ = tree->length;
-    InitTree(tree);
-  } else {
-    bytes_remaining_ = cord->contents_.inline_size();
-    current_chunk_ = {cord->contents_.data(), bytes_remaining_};
-  }
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator& Cord::ChunkIterator::AdvanceBtree() {
-  current_chunk_ = btree_reader_.Next();
-  return *this;
-}
-
-inline void Cord::ChunkIterator::AdvanceBytesBtree(size_t n) {
-  assert(n >= current_chunk_.size());
-  bytes_remaining_ -= n;
-  if (bytes_remaining_) {
-    if (n == current_chunk_.size()) {
-      current_chunk_ = btree_reader_.Next();
-    } else {
-      size_t offset = btree_reader_.length() - bytes_remaining_;
-      current_chunk_ = btree_reader_.Seek(offset);
-    }
-  } else {
-    current_chunk_ = {};
-  }
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator& Cord::ChunkIterator::operator++() {
-  ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(bytes_remaining_ > 0 &&
-                        "Attempted to iterate past `end()`");
-  assert(bytes_remaining_ >= current_chunk_.size());
-  bytes_remaining_ -= current_chunk_.size();
-  if (bytes_remaining_ > 0) {
-    if (btree_reader_) {
-      return AdvanceBtree();
-    } else {
-      assert(!current_chunk_.empty());  // Called on invalid iterator.
-    }
-    current_chunk_ = {};
-  }
-  return *this;
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator Cord::ChunkIterator::operator++(int) {
-  ChunkIterator tmp(*this);
-  operator++();
-  return tmp;
-}
-
-inline bool Cord::ChunkIterator::operator==(const ChunkIterator& other) const {
-  return bytes_remaining_ == other.bytes_remaining_;
-}
-
-inline bool Cord::ChunkIterator::operator!=(const ChunkIterator& other) const {
-  return !(*this == other);
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator::reference Cord::ChunkIterator::operator*() const {
-  ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(bytes_remaining_ != 0);
-  return current_chunk_;
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator::pointer Cord::ChunkIterator::operator->() const {
-  ABSL_HARDENING_ASSERT(bytes_remaining_ != 0);
-  return &current_chunk_;
-}
-
-inline void Cord::ChunkIterator::RemoveChunkPrefix(size_t n) {
-  assert(n < current_chunk_.size());
-  current_chunk_.remove_prefix(n);
-  bytes_remaining_ -= n;
-}
-
-inline void Cord::ChunkIterator::AdvanceBytes(size_t n) {
-  assert(bytes_remaining_ >= n);
-  if (ABSL_PREDICT_TRUE(n < current_chunk_.size())) {
-    RemoveChunkPrefix(n);
-  } else if (n != 0) {
-    if (btree_reader_) {
-      AdvanceBytesBtree(n);
-    } else {
-      bytes_remaining_ = 0;
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator Cord::chunk_begin() const {
-  return ChunkIterator(this);
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator Cord::chunk_end() const { return ChunkIterator(); }
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator Cord::ChunkRange::begin() const {
-  return cord_->chunk_begin();
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkIterator Cord::ChunkRange::end() const {
-  return cord_->chunk_end();
-}
-
-inline Cord::ChunkRange Cord::Chunks() const { return ChunkRange(this); }
-
-inline Cord::CharIterator& Cord::CharIterator::operator++() {
-  if (ABSL_PREDICT_TRUE(chunk_iterator_->size() > 1)) {
-    chunk_iterator_.RemoveChunkPrefix(1);
-  } else {
-    ++chunk_iterator_;
-  }
-  return *this;
-}
-
-inline Cord::CharIterator Cord::CharIterator::operator++(int) {
-  CharIterator tmp(*this);
-  operator++();
-  return tmp;
-}
-
-inline bool Cord::CharIterator::operator==(const CharIterator& other) const {
-  return chunk_iterator_ == other.chunk_iterator_;
-}
-
-inline bool Cord::CharIterator::operator!=(const CharIterator& other) const {
-  return !(*this == other);
-}
-
-inline Cord::CharIterator::reference Cord::CharIterator::operator*() const {
-  return *chunk_iterator_->data();
-}
-
-inline Cord::CharIterator::pointer Cord::CharIterator::operator->() const {
-  return chunk_iterator_->data();
-}
-
-inline Cord Cord::AdvanceAndRead(CharIterator* it, size_t n_bytes) {
-  assert(it != nullptr);
-  return it->chunk_iterator_.AdvanceAndReadBytes(n_bytes);
-}
-
-inline void Cord::Advance(CharIterator* it, size_t n_bytes) {
-  assert(it != nullptr);
-  it->chunk_iterator_.AdvanceBytes(n_bytes);
-}
-
-inline absl::string_view Cord::ChunkRemaining(const CharIterator& it) {
-  return *it.chunk_iterator_;
-}
-
-inline Cord::CharIterator Cord::char_begin() const {
-  return CharIterator(this);
-}
-
-inline Cord::CharIterator Cord::char_end() const { return CharIterator(); }
-
-inline Cord::CharIterator Cord::CharRange::begin() const {
-  return cord_->char_begin();
-}
-
-inline Cord::CharIterator Cord::CharRange::end() const {
-  return cord_->char_end();
-}
-
-inline Cord::CharRange Cord::Chars() const { return CharRange(this); }
-
-inline void Cord::ForEachChunk(
-    absl::FunctionRef<void(absl::string_view)> callback) const {
-  absl::cord_internal::CordRep* rep = contents_.tree();
-  if (rep == nullptr) {
-    callback(absl::string_view(contents_.data(), contents_.size()));
-  } else {
-    return ForEachChunkAux(rep, callback);
-  }
-}
-
-// Nonmember Cord-to-Cord relational operators.
-inline bool operator==(const Cord& lhs, const Cord& rhs) {
-  if (lhs.contents_.IsSame(rhs.contents_)) return true;
-  size_t rhs_size = rhs.size();
-  if (lhs.size() != rhs_size) return false;
-  return lhs.EqualsImpl(rhs, rhs_size);
-}
-
-inline bool operator!=(const Cord& x, const Cord& y) { return !(x == y); }
-inline bool operator<(const Cord& x, const Cord& y) { return x.Compare(y) < 0; }
-inline bool operator>(const Cord& x, const Cord& y) { return x.Compare(y) > 0; }
-inline bool operator<=(const Cord& x, const Cord& y) {
-  return x.Compare(y) <= 0;
-}
-inline bool operator>=(const Cord& x, const Cord& y) {
-  return x.Compare(y) >= 0;
-}
-
-// Nonmember Cord-to-absl::string_view relational operators.
-//
-// Due to implicit conversions, these also enable comparisons of Cord with
-// with std::string, ::string, and const char*.
-inline bool operator==(const Cord& lhs, absl::string_view rhs) {
-  size_t lhs_size = lhs.size();
-  size_t rhs_size = rhs.size();
-  if (lhs_size != rhs_size) return false;
-  return lhs.EqualsImpl(rhs, rhs_size);
-}
-
-inline bool operator==(absl::string_view x, const Cord& y) { return y == x; }
-inline bool operator!=(const Cord& x, absl::string_view y) { return !(x == y); }
-inline bool operator!=(absl::string_view x, const Cord& y) { return !(x == y); }
-inline bool operator<(const Cord& x, absl::string_view y) {
-  return x.Compare(y) < 0;
-}
-inline bool operator<(absl::string_view x, const Cord& y) {
-  return y.Compare(x) > 0;
-}
-inline bool operator>(const Cord& x, absl::string_view y) { return y < x; }
-inline bool operator>(absl::string_view x, const Cord& y) { return y < x; }
-inline bool operator<=(const Cord& x, absl::string_view y) { return !(y < x); }
-inline bool operator<=(absl::string_view x, const Cord& y) { return !(y < x); }
-inline bool operator>=(const Cord& x, absl::string_view y) { return !(x < y); }
-inline bool operator>=(absl::string_view x, const Cord& y) { return !(x < y); }
-
-// Some internals exposed to test code.
-namespace strings_internal {
-class CordTestAccess {
- public:
-  static size_t FlatOverhead();
-  static size_t MaxFlatLength();
-  static size_t SizeofCordRepExternal();
-  static size_t SizeofCordRepSubstring();
-  static size_t FlatTagToLength(uint8_t tag);
-  static uint8_t LengthToTag(size_t s);
-};
-}  // namespace strings_internal
-ABSL_NAMESPACE_END
-}  // namespace absl
-
-#endif  // ABSL_STRINGS_CORD_H_