gitlab-grpc 1.42.1.gitlab

data/src/core/lib/surface/server.cc

@@ -0,0 +1,1608 @@
+//
+// Copyright 2015-2016 gRPC authors.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+//
+
+#include <grpc/support/port_platform.h>
+
+#include "src/core/lib/surface/server.h"
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <list>
+#include <queue>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "absl/memory/memory.h"
+#include "absl/types/optional.h"
+
+#include <grpc/support/alloc.h>
+#include <grpc/support/log.h>
+#include <grpc/support/string_util.h>
+
+#include "src/core/lib/channel/channel_args.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/channel/channelz.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/channel/connected_channel.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/debug/stats.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gpr/spinlock.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gpr/string.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/gprpp/mpscq.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/executor.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/iomgr/iomgr.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/slice/slice_internal.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/surface/api_trace.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/surface/call.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/surface/channel.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/surface/completion_queue.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/surface/init.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/transport/metadata.h"
+#include "src/core/lib/transport/static_metadata.h"
+
+namespace grpc_core {
+
+TraceFlag grpc_server_channel_trace(false, "server_channel");
+
+//
+// Server::RequestedCall
+//
+
+struct Server::RequestedCall {
+  enum class Type { BATCH_CALL, REGISTERED_CALL };
+
+  RequestedCall(void* tag_arg, grpc_completion_queue* call_cq,
+                grpc_call** call_arg, grpc_metadata_array* initial_md,
+                grpc_call_details* details)
+      : type(Type::BATCH_CALL),
+        tag(tag_arg),
+        cq_bound_to_call(call_cq),
+        call(call_arg),
+        initial_metadata(initial_md) {
+    details->reserved = nullptr;
+    data.batch.details = details;
+  }
+
+  RequestedCall(void* tag_arg, grpc_completion_queue* call_cq,
+                grpc_call** call_arg, grpc_metadata_array* initial_md,
+                RegisteredMethod* rm, gpr_timespec* deadline,
+                grpc_byte_buffer** optional_payload)
+      : type(Type::REGISTERED_CALL),
+        tag(tag_arg),
+        cq_bound_to_call(call_cq),
+        call(call_arg),
+        initial_metadata(initial_md) {
+    data.registered.method = rm;
+    data.registered.deadline = deadline;
+    data.registered.optional_payload = optional_payload;
+  }
+
+  MultiProducerSingleConsumerQueue::Node mpscq_node;
+  const Type type;
+  void* const tag;
+  grpc_completion_queue* const cq_bound_to_call;
+  grpc_call** const call;
+  grpc_cq_completion completion;
+  grpc_metadata_array* const initial_metadata;
+  union {
+    struct {
+      grpc_call_details* details;
+    } batch;
+    struct {
+      RegisteredMethod* method;
+      gpr_timespec* deadline;
+      grpc_byte_buffer** optional_payload;
+    } registered;
+  } data;
+};
+
+//
+// Server::RegisteredMethod
+//
+
+struct Server::RegisteredMethod {
+  RegisteredMethod(
+      const char* method_arg, const char* host_arg,
+      grpc_server_register_method_payload_handling payload_handling_arg,
+      uint32_t flags_arg)
+      : method(method_arg == nullptr ? "" : method_arg),
+        host(host_arg == nullptr ? "" : host_arg),
+        payload_handling(payload_handling_arg),
+        flags(flags_arg) {}
+
+  ~RegisteredMethod() = default;
+
+  const std::string method;
+  const std::string host;
+  const grpc_server_register_method_payload_handling payload_handling;
+  const uint32_t flags;
+  // One request matcher per method.
+  std::unique_ptr<RequestMatcherInterface> matcher;
+};
+
+//
+// Server::RequestMatcherInterface
+//
+
+// RPCs that come in from the transport must be matched against RPC requests
+// from the application. An incoming request from the application can be matched
+// to an RPC that has already arrived or can be queued up for later use.
+// Likewise, an RPC coming in from the transport can either be matched to a
+// request that already arrived from the application or can be queued up for
+// later use (marked pending). If there is a match, the request's tag is posted
+// on the request's notification CQ.
+//
+// RequestMatcherInterface is the base class to provide this functionality.
+class Server::RequestMatcherInterface {
+ public:
+  virtual ~RequestMatcherInterface() {}
+
+  // Unref the calls associated with any incoming RPCs in the pending queue (not
+  // yet matched to an application-requested RPC).
+  virtual void ZombifyPending() = 0;
+
+  // Mark all application-requested RPCs failed if they have not been matched to
+  // an incoming RPC. The error parameter indicates why the RPCs are being
+  // failed (always server shutdown in all current implementations).
+  virtual void KillRequests(grpc_error_handle error) = 0;
+
+  // How many request queues are supported by this matcher. This is an abstract
+  // concept that essentially maps to gRPC completion queues.
+  virtual size_t request_queue_count() const = 0;
+
+  // This function is invoked when the application requests a new RPC whose
+  // information is in the call parameter. The request_queue_index marks the
+  // queue onto which to place this RPC, and is typically associated with a gRPC
+  // CQ. If there are pending RPCs waiting to be matched, publish one (match it
+  // and notify the CQ).
+  virtual void RequestCallWithPossiblePublish(size_t request_queue_index,
+                                              RequestedCall* call) = 0;
+
+  // This function is invoked on an incoming RPC, represented by the calld
+  // object. The RequestMatcher will try to match it against an
+  // application-requested RPC if possible or will place it in the pending queue
+  // otherwise. To enable some measure of fairness between server CQs, the match
+  // is done starting at the start_request_queue_index parameter in a cyclic
+  // order rather than always starting at 0.
+  virtual void MatchOrQueue(size_t start_request_queue_index,
+                            CallData* calld) = 0;
+
+  // Returns the server associated with this request matcher
+  virtual Server* server() const = 0;
+};
+
+// The RealRequestMatcher is an implementation of RequestMatcherInterface that
+// actually uses all the features of RequestMatcherInterface: expecting the
+// application to explicitly request RPCs and then matching those to incoming
+// RPCs, along with a slow path by which incoming RPCs are put on a locked
+// pending list if they aren't able to be matched to an application request.
+class Server::RealRequestMatcher : public RequestMatcherInterface {
+ public:
+  explicit RealRequestMatcher(Server* server)
+      : server_(server), requests_per_cq_(server->cqs_.size()) {}
+
+  ~RealRequestMatcher() override {
+    for (LockedMultiProducerSingleConsumerQueue& queue : requests_per_cq_) {
+      GPR_ASSERT(queue.Pop() == nullptr);
+    }
+  }
+
+  void ZombifyPending() override {
+    while (!pending_.empty()) {
+      CallData* calld = pending_.front();
+      calld->SetState(CallData::CallState::ZOMBIED);
+      calld->KillZombie();
+      pending_.pop();
+    }
+  }
+
+  void KillRequests(grpc_error_handle error) override {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < requests_per_cq_.size(); i++) {
+      RequestedCall* rc;
+      while ((rc = reinterpret_cast<RequestedCall*>(
+                  requests_per_cq_[i].Pop())) != nullptr) {
+        server_->FailCall(i, rc, GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+      }
+    }
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+  }
+
+  size_t request_queue_count() const override {
+    return requests_per_cq_.size();
+  }
+
+  void RequestCallWithPossiblePublish(size_t request_queue_index,
+                                      RequestedCall* call) override {
+    if (requests_per_cq_[request_queue_index].Push(&call->mpscq_node)) {
+      /* this was the first queued request: we need to lock and start
+         matching calls */
+      struct PendingCall {
+        RequestedCall* rc = nullptr;
+        CallData* calld;
+      };
+      auto pop_next_pending = [this, request_queue_index] {
+        PendingCall pending_call;
+        {
+          MutexLock lock(&server_->mu_call_);
+          if (!pending_.empty()) {
+            pending_call.rc = reinterpret_cast<RequestedCall*>(
+                requests_per_cq_[request_queue_index].Pop());
+            if (pending_call.rc != nullptr) {
+              pending_call.calld = pending_.front();
+              pending_.pop();
+            }
+          }
+        }
+        return pending_call;
+      };
+      while (true) {
+        PendingCall next_pending = pop_next_pending();
+        if (next_pending.rc == nullptr) break;
+        if (!next_pending.calld->MaybeActivate()) {
+          // Zombied Call
+          next_pending.calld->KillZombie();
+        } else {
+          next_pending.calld->Publish(request_queue_index, next_pending.rc);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  void MatchOrQueue(size_t start_request_queue_index,
+                    CallData* calld) override {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < requests_per_cq_.size(); i++) {
+      size_t cq_idx = (start_request_queue_index + i) % requests_per_cq_.size();
+      RequestedCall* rc =
+          reinterpret_cast<RequestedCall*>(requests_per_cq_[cq_idx].TryPop());
+      if (rc != nullptr) {
+        GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED(i);
+        calld->SetState(CallData::CallState::ACTIVATED);
+        calld->Publish(cq_idx, rc);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    // No cq to take the request found; queue it on the slow list.
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_SLOWPATH_REQUESTS_QUEUED();
+    // We need to ensure that all the queues are empty.  We do this under
+    // the server mu_call_ lock to ensure that if something is added to
+    // an empty request queue, it will block until the call is actually
+    // added to the pending list.
+    RequestedCall* rc = nullptr;
+    size_t cq_idx = 0;
+    size_t loop_count;
+    {
+      MutexLock lock(&server_->mu_call_);
+      for (loop_count = 0; loop_count < requests_per_cq_.size(); loop_count++) {
+        cq_idx =
+            (start_request_queue_index + loop_count) % requests_per_cq_.size();
+        rc = reinterpret_cast<RequestedCall*>(requests_per_cq_[cq_idx].Pop());
+        if (rc != nullptr) {
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+      if (rc == nullptr) {
+        calld->SetState(CallData::CallState::PENDING);
+        pending_.push(calld);
+        return;
+      }
+    }
+    GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_CQS_CHECKED(loop_count + requests_per_cq_.size());
+    calld->SetState(CallData::CallState::ACTIVATED);
+    calld->Publish(cq_idx, rc);
+  }
+
+  Server* server() const override { return server_; }
+
+ private:
+  Server* const server_;
+  std::queue<CallData*> pending_;
+  std::vector<LockedMultiProducerSingleConsumerQueue> requests_per_cq_;
+};
+
+// AllocatingRequestMatchers don't allow the application to request an RPC in
+// advance or queue up any incoming RPC for later match. Instead, MatchOrQueue
+// will call out to an allocation function passed in at the construction of the
+// object. These request matchers are designed for the C++ callback API, so they
+// only support 1 completion queue (passed in at the constructor). They are also
+// used for the sync API.
+class Server::AllocatingRequestMatcherBase : public RequestMatcherInterface {
+ public:
+  AllocatingRequestMatcherBase(Server* server, grpc_completion_queue* cq)
+      : server_(server), cq_(cq) {
+    size_t idx;
+    for (idx = 0; idx < server->cqs_.size(); idx++) {
+      if (server->cqs_[idx] == cq) {
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    GPR_ASSERT(idx < server->cqs_.size());
+    cq_idx_ = idx;
+  }
+
+  void ZombifyPending() override {}
+
+  void KillRequests(grpc_error_handle error) override {
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+  }
+
+  size_t request_queue_count() const override { return 0; }
+
+  void RequestCallWithPossiblePublish(size_t /*request_queue_index*/,
+                                      RequestedCall* /*call*/) final {
+    GPR_ASSERT(false);
+  }
+
+  Server* server() const override { return server_; }
+
+  // Supply the completion queue related to this request matcher
+  grpc_completion_queue* cq() const { return cq_; }
+
+  // Supply the completion queue's index relative to the server.
+  size_t cq_idx() const { return cq_idx_; }
+
+ private:
+  Server* const server_;
+  grpc_completion_queue* const cq_;
+  size_t cq_idx_;
+};
+
+// An allocating request matcher for non-registered methods (used for generic
+// API and unimplemented RPCs).
+class Server::AllocatingRequestMatcherBatch
+    : public AllocatingRequestMatcherBase {
+ public:
+  AllocatingRequestMatcherBatch(Server* server, grpc_completion_queue* cq,
+                                std::function<BatchCallAllocation()> allocator)
+      : AllocatingRequestMatcherBase(server, cq),
+        allocator_(std::move(allocator)) {}
+
+  void MatchOrQueue(size_t /*start_request_queue_index*/,
+                    CallData* calld) override {
+    if (server()->ShutdownRefOnRequest()) {
+      BatchCallAllocation call_info = allocator_();
+      GPR_ASSERT(server()->ValidateServerRequest(
+                     cq(), static_cast<void*>(call_info.tag), nullptr,
+                     nullptr) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
+      RequestedCall* rc = new RequestedCall(
+          static_cast<void*>(call_info.tag), call_info.cq, call_info.call,
+          call_info.initial_metadata, call_info.details);
+      calld->SetState(CallData::CallState::ACTIVATED);
+      calld->Publish(cq_idx(), rc);
+    } else {
+      calld->FailCallCreation();
+    }
+    server()->ShutdownUnrefOnRequest();
+  }
+
+ private:
+  std::function<BatchCallAllocation()> allocator_;
+};
+
+// An allocating request matcher for registered methods.
+class Server::AllocatingRequestMatcherRegistered
+    : public AllocatingRequestMatcherBase {
+ public:
+  AllocatingRequestMatcherRegistered(
+      Server* server, grpc_completion_queue* cq, RegisteredMethod* rm,
+      std::function<RegisteredCallAllocation()> allocator)
+      : AllocatingRequestMatcherBase(server, cq),
+        registered_method_(rm),
+        allocator_(std::move(allocator)) {}
+
+  void MatchOrQueue(size_t /*start_request_queue_index*/,
+                    CallData* calld) override {
+    if (server()->ShutdownRefOnRequest()) {
+      RegisteredCallAllocation call_info = allocator_();
+      GPR_ASSERT(server()->ValidateServerRequest(
+                     cq(), call_info.tag, call_info.optional_payload,
+                     registered_method_) == GRPC_CALL_OK);
+      RequestedCall* rc =
+          new RequestedCall(call_info.tag, call_info.cq, call_info.call,
+                            call_info.initial_metadata, registered_method_,
+                            call_info.deadline, call_info.optional_payload);
+      calld->SetState(CallData::CallState::ACTIVATED);
+      calld->Publish(cq_idx(), rc);
+    } else {
+      calld->FailCallCreation();
+    }
+    server()->ShutdownUnrefOnRequest();
+  }
+
+ private:
+  RegisteredMethod* const registered_method_;
+  std::function<RegisteredCallAllocation()> allocator_;
+};
+
+//
+// ChannelBroadcaster
+//
+
+namespace {
+
+class ChannelBroadcaster {
+ public:
+  // This can have an empty constructor and destructor since we want to control
+  // when the actual setup and shutdown broadcast take place.
+
+  // Copies over the channels from the locked server.
+  void FillChannelsLocked(std::vector<grpc_channel*> channels) {
+    GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(channels_.empty());
+    channels_ = std::move(channels);
+  }
+
+  // Broadcasts a shutdown on each channel.
+  void BroadcastShutdown(bool send_goaway, grpc_error_handle force_disconnect) {
+    for (grpc_channel* channel : channels_) {
+      SendShutdown(channel, send_goaway, GRPC_ERROR_REF(force_disconnect));
+      GRPC_CHANNEL_INTERNAL_UNREF(channel, "broadcast");
+    }
+    channels_.clear();  // just for safety against double broadcast
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(force_disconnect);
+  }
+
+ private:
+  struct ShutdownCleanupArgs {
+    grpc_closure closure;
+    grpc_slice slice;
+  };
+
+  static void ShutdownCleanup(void* arg, grpc_error_handle /*error*/) {
+    ShutdownCleanupArgs* a = static_cast<ShutdownCleanupArgs*>(arg);
+    grpc_slice_unref_internal(a->slice);
+    delete a;
+  }
+
+  static void SendShutdown(grpc_channel* channel, bool send_goaway,
+                           grpc_error_handle send_disconnect) {
+    ShutdownCleanupArgs* sc = new ShutdownCleanupArgs;
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&sc->closure, ShutdownCleanup, sc,
+                      grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+    grpc_transport_op* op = grpc_make_transport_op(&sc->closure);
+    grpc_channel_element* elem;
+    op->goaway_error =
+        send_goaway
+            ? grpc_error_set_int(
+                  GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Server shutdown"),
+                  GRPC_ERROR_INT_GRPC_STATUS, GRPC_STATUS_OK)
+            : GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+    op->set_accept_stream = true;
+    sc->slice = grpc_slice_from_copied_string("Server shutdown");
+    op->disconnect_with_error = send_disconnect;
+    elem =
+        grpc_channel_stack_element(grpc_channel_get_channel_stack(channel), 0);
+    elem->filter->start_transport_op(elem, op);
+  }
+
+  std::vector<grpc_channel*> channels_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+//
+// Server
+//
+
+const grpc_channel_filter Server::kServerTopFilter = {
+    Server::CallData::StartTransportStreamOpBatch,
+    grpc_channel_next_op,
+    sizeof(Server::CallData),
+    Server::CallData::InitCallElement,
+    grpc_call_stack_ignore_set_pollset_or_pollset_set,
+    Server::CallData::DestroyCallElement,
+    sizeof(Server::ChannelData),
+    Server::ChannelData::InitChannelElement,
+    Server::ChannelData::DestroyChannelElement,
+    grpc_channel_next_get_info,
+    "server",
+};
+
+namespace {
+
+RefCountedPtr<channelz::ServerNode> CreateChannelzNode(
+    const grpc_channel_args* args) {
+  RefCountedPtr<channelz::ServerNode> channelz_node;
+  if (grpc_channel_args_find_bool(args, GRPC_ARG_ENABLE_CHANNELZ,
+                                  GRPC_ENABLE_CHANNELZ_DEFAULT)) {
+    size_t channel_tracer_max_memory = grpc_channel_args_find_integer(
+        args, GRPC_ARG_MAX_CHANNEL_TRACE_EVENT_MEMORY_PER_NODE,
+        {GRPC_MAX_CHANNEL_TRACE_EVENT_MEMORY_PER_NODE_DEFAULT, 0, INT_MAX});
+    channelz_node =
+        MakeRefCounted<channelz::ServerNode>(channel_tracer_max_memory);
+    channelz_node->AddTraceEvent(
+        channelz::ChannelTrace::Severity::Info,
+        grpc_slice_from_static_string("Server created"));
+  }
+  return channelz_node;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+Server::Server(const grpc_channel_args* args)
+    : channel_args_(grpc_channel_args_copy(args)),
+      channelz_node_(CreateChannelzNode(args)) {}
+
+Server::~Server() {
+  grpc_channel_args_destroy(channel_args_);
+  // Remove the cq pollsets from the config_fetcher.
+  if (started_ && config_fetcher_ != nullptr &&
+      config_fetcher_->interested_parties() != nullptr) {
+    for (grpc_pollset* pollset : pollsets_) {
+      grpc_pollset_set_del_pollset(config_fetcher_->interested_parties(),
+                                   pollset);
+    }
+  }
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < cqs_.size(); i++) {
+    GRPC_CQ_INTERNAL_UNREF(cqs_[i], "server");
+  }
+}
+
+void Server::AddListener(OrphanablePtr<ListenerInterface> listener) {
+  channelz::ListenSocketNode* listen_socket_node =
+      listener->channelz_listen_socket_node();
+  if (listen_socket_node != nullptr && channelz_node_ != nullptr) {
+    channelz_node_->AddChildListenSocket(listen_socket_node->Ref());
+  }
+  listeners_.emplace_back(std::move(listener));
+}
+
+void Server::Start() {
+  started_ = true;
+  for (grpc_completion_queue* cq : cqs_) {
+    if (grpc_cq_can_listen(cq)) {
+      pollsets_.push_back(grpc_cq_pollset(cq));
+    }
+  }
+  if (unregistered_request_matcher_ == nullptr) {
+    unregistered_request_matcher_ = absl::make_unique<RealRequestMatcher>(this);
+  }
+  for (std::unique_ptr<RegisteredMethod>& rm : registered_methods_) {
+    if (rm->matcher == nullptr) {
+      rm->matcher = absl::make_unique<RealRequestMatcher>(this);
+    }
+  }
+  {
+    MutexLock lock(&mu_global_);
+    starting_ = true;
+  }
+  // Register the interested parties from the config fetcher to the cq pollsets
+  // before starting listeners so that config fetcher is being polled when the
+  // listeners start watch the fetcher.
+  if (config_fetcher_ != nullptr &&
+      config_fetcher_->interested_parties() != nullptr) {
+    for (grpc_pollset* pollset : pollsets_) {
+      grpc_pollset_set_add_pollset(config_fetcher_->interested_parties(),
+                                   pollset);
+    }
+  }
+  for (auto& listener : listeners_) {
+    listener.listener->Start(this, &pollsets_);
+  }
+  MutexLock lock(&mu_global_);
+  starting_ = false;
+  starting_cv_.Signal();
+}
+
+grpc_error_handle Server::SetupTransport(
+    grpc_transport* transport, grpc_pollset* accepting_pollset,
+    const grpc_channel_args* args,
+    const RefCountedPtr<grpc_core::channelz::SocketNode>& socket_node,
+    grpc_resource_user* resource_user, size_t preallocated_bytes) {
+  // Create channel.
+  grpc_error_handle error = GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+  grpc_channel* channel =
+      grpc_channel_create(nullptr, args, GRPC_SERVER_CHANNEL, transport,
+                          resource_user, preallocated_bytes, &error);
+  if (channel == nullptr) {
+    return error;
+  }
+  ChannelData* chand = static_cast<ChannelData*>(
+      grpc_channel_stack_element(grpc_channel_get_channel_stack(channel), 0)
+          ->channel_data);
+  // Set up CQs.
+  size_t cq_idx;
+  for (cq_idx = 0; cq_idx < cqs_.size(); cq_idx++) {
+    if (grpc_cq_pollset(cqs_[cq_idx]) == accepting_pollset) break;
+  }
+  if (cq_idx == cqs_.size()) {
+    // Completion queue not found.  Pick a random one to publish new calls to.
+    cq_idx = static_cast<size_t>(rand()) % cqs_.size();
+  }
+  // Set up channelz node.
+  intptr_t channelz_socket_uuid = 0;
+  if (socket_node != nullptr) {
+    channelz_socket_uuid = socket_node->uuid();
+    channelz_node_->AddChildSocket(socket_node);
+  }
+  // Initialize chand.
+  chand->InitTransport(Ref(), channel, cq_idx, transport, channelz_socket_uuid);
+  return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+bool Server::HasOpenConnections() {
+  MutexLock lock(&mu_global_);
+  return !channels_.empty();
+}
+
+void Server::SetRegisteredMethodAllocator(
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq, void* method_tag,
+    std::function<RegisteredCallAllocation()> allocator) {
+  RegisteredMethod* rm = static_cast<RegisteredMethod*>(method_tag);
+  rm->matcher = absl::make_unique<AllocatingRequestMatcherRegistered>(
+      this, cq, rm, std::move(allocator));
+}
+
+void Server::SetBatchMethodAllocator(
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq, std::function<BatchCallAllocation()> allocator) {
+  GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(unregistered_request_matcher_ == nullptr);
+  unregistered_request_matcher_ =
+      absl::make_unique<AllocatingRequestMatcherBatch>(this, cq,
+                                                       std::move(allocator));
+}
+
+void Server::RegisterCompletionQueue(grpc_completion_queue* cq) {
+  for (grpc_completion_queue* queue : cqs_) {
+    if (queue == cq) return;
+  }
+  GRPC_CQ_INTERNAL_REF(cq, "server");
+  cqs_.push_back(cq);
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+bool streq(const std::string& a, const char* b) {
+  return (a.empty() && b == nullptr) ||
+         ((b != nullptr) && !strcmp(a.c_str(), b));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+Server::RegisteredMethod* Server::RegisterMethod(
+    const char* method, const char* host,
+    grpc_server_register_method_payload_handling payload_handling,
+    uint32_t flags) {
+  if (!method) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR,
+            "grpc_server_register_method method string cannot be NULL");
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  for (std::unique_ptr<RegisteredMethod>& m : registered_methods_) {
+    if (streq(m->method, method) && streq(m->host, host)) {
+      gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "duplicate registration for %s@%s", method,
+              host ? host : "*");
+      return nullptr;
+    }
+  }
+  if ((flags & ~GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_USED_MASK) != 0) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_ERROR, "grpc_server_register_method invalid flags 0x%08x",
+            flags);
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+  registered_methods_.emplace_back(absl::make_unique<RegisteredMethod>(
+      method, host, payload_handling, flags));
+  return registered_methods_.back().get();
+}
+
+void Server::DoneRequestEvent(void* req, grpc_cq_completion* /*c*/) {
+  delete static_cast<RequestedCall*>(req);
+}
+
+void Server::FailCall(size_t cq_idx, RequestedCall* rc,
+                      grpc_error_handle error) {
+  *rc->call = nullptr;
+  rc->initial_metadata->count = 0;
+  GPR_ASSERT(error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+  grpc_cq_end_op(cqs_[cq_idx], rc->tag, error, DoneRequestEvent, rc,
+                 &rc->completion);
+}
+
+// Before calling MaybeFinishShutdown(), we must hold mu_global_ and not
+// hold mu_call_.
+void Server::MaybeFinishShutdown() {
+  if (!ShutdownReady() || shutdown_published_) {
+    return;
+  }
+  {
+    MutexLock lock(&mu_call_);
+    KillPendingWorkLocked(
+        GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Server Shutdown"));
+  }
+  if (!channels_.empty() || listeners_destroyed_ < listeners_.size()) {
+    if (gpr_time_cmp(gpr_time_sub(gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME),
+                                  last_shutdown_message_time_),
+                     gpr_time_from_seconds(1, GPR_TIMESPAN)) >= 0) {
+      last_shutdown_message_time_ = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+      gpr_log(GPR_DEBUG,
+              "Waiting for %" PRIuPTR " channels and %" PRIuPTR "/%" PRIuPTR
+              " listeners to be destroyed before shutting down server",
+              channels_.size(), listeners_.size() - listeners_destroyed_,
+              listeners_.size());
+    }
+    return;
+  }
+  shutdown_published_ = true;
+  for (auto& shutdown_tag : shutdown_tags_) {
+    Ref().release();
+    grpc_cq_end_op(shutdown_tag.cq, shutdown_tag.tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE,
+                   DoneShutdownEvent, this, &shutdown_tag.completion);
+  }
+}
+
+void Server::KillPendingWorkLocked(grpc_error_handle error) {
+  if (started_) {
+    unregistered_request_matcher_->KillRequests(GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+    unregistered_request_matcher_->ZombifyPending();
+    for (std::unique_ptr<RegisteredMethod>& rm : registered_methods_) {
+      rm->matcher->KillRequests(GRPC_ERROR_REF(error));
+      rm->matcher->ZombifyPending();
+    }
+  }
+  GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+}
+
+std::vector<grpc_channel*> Server::GetChannelsLocked() const {
+  std::vector<grpc_channel*> channels;
+  channels.reserve(channels_.size());
+  for (const ChannelData* chand : channels_) {
+    channels.push_back(chand->channel());
+    GRPC_CHANNEL_INTERNAL_REF(chand->channel(), "broadcast");
+  }
+  return channels;
+}
+
+void Server::ListenerDestroyDone(void* arg, grpc_error_handle /*error*/) {
+  Server* server = static_cast<Server*>(arg);
+  MutexLock lock(&server->mu_global_);
+  server->listeners_destroyed_++;
+  server->MaybeFinishShutdown();
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+void DonePublishedShutdown(void* /*done_arg*/, grpc_cq_completion* storage) {
+  delete storage;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// - Kills all pending requests-for-incoming-RPC-calls (i.e., the requests made
+//   via grpc_server_request_call() and grpc_server_request_registered_call()
+//   will now be cancelled). See KillPendingWorkLocked().
+//
+// - Shuts down the listeners (i.e., the server will no longer listen on the
+//   port for new incoming channels).
+//
+// - Iterates through all channels on the server and sends shutdown msg (see
+//   ChannelBroadcaster::BroadcastShutdown() for details) to the clients via
+//   the transport layer. The transport layer then guarantees the following:
+//    -- Sends shutdown to the client (e.g., HTTP2 transport sends GOAWAY).
+//    -- If the server has outstanding calls that are in the process, the
+//       connection is NOT closed until the server is done with all those calls.
+//    -- Once there are no more calls in progress, the channel is closed.
+void Server::ShutdownAndNotify(grpc_completion_queue* cq, void* tag) {
+  absl::Notification* await_requests = nullptr;
+  ChannelBroadcaster broadcaster;
+  {
+    // Wait for startup to be finished.  Locks mu_global.
+    MutexLock lock(&mu_global_);
+    while (starting_) {
+      starting_cv_.Wait(&mu_global_);
+    }
+    // Stay locked, and gather up some stuff to do.
+    GPR_ASSERT(grpc_cq_begin_op(cq, tag));
+    if (shutdown_published_) {
+      grpc_cq_end_op(cq, tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE, DonePublishedShutdown, nullptr,
+                     new grpc_cq_completion);
+      return;
+    }
+    shutdown_tags_.emplace_back(tag, cq);
+    if (ShutdownCalled()) {
+      return;
+    }
+    last_shutdown_message_time_ = gpr_now(GPR_CLOCK_REALTIME);
+    broadcaster.FillChannelsLocked(GetChannelsLocked());
+    // Collect all unregistered then registered calls.
+    {
+      MutexLock lock(&mu_call_);
+      KillPendingWorkLocked(
+          GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Server Shutdown"));
+    }
+    await_requests = ShutdownUnrefOnShutdownCall();
+  }
+  // We expect no new requests but there can still be requests in-flight.
+  // Wait for them to complete before proceeding.
+  if (await_requests != nullptr) {
+    await_requests->WaitForNotification();
+  }
+  // Shutdown listeners.
+  for (auto& listener : listeners_) {
+    channelz::ListenSocketNode* channelz_listen_socket_node =
+        listener.listener->channelz_listen_socket_node();
+    if (channelz_node_ != nullptr && channelz_listen_socket_node != nullptr) {
+      channelz_node_->RemoveChildListenSocket(
+          channelz_listen_socket_node->uuid());
+    }
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&listener.destroy_done, ListenerDestroyDone, this,
+                      grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+    listener.listener->SetOnDestroyDone(&listener.destroy_done);
+    listener.listener.reset();
+  }
+  broadcaster.BroadcastShutdown(/*send_goaway=*/true, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+}
+
+void Server::CancelAllCalls() {
+  ChannelBroadcaster broadcaster;
+  {
+    MutexLock lock(&mu_global_);
+    broadcaster.FillChannelsLocked(GetChannelsLocked());
+  }
+  broadcaster.BroadcastShutdown(
+      /*send_goaway=*/false,
+      GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Cancelling all calls"));
+}
+
+void Server::Orphan() {
+  {
+    MutexLock lock(&mu_global_);
+    GPR_ASSERT(ShutdownCalled() || listeners_.empty());
+    GPR_ASSERT(listeners_destroyed_ == listeners_.size());
+  }
+  Unref();
+}
+
+grpc_call_error Server::ValidateServerRequest(
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq_for_notification, void* tag,
+    grpc_byte_buffer** optional_payload, RegisteredMethod* rm) {
+  if ((rm == nullptr && optional_payload != nullptr) ||
+      ((rm != nullptr) && ((optional_payload == nullptr) !=
+                           (rm->payload_handling == GRPC_SRM_PAYLOAD_NONE)))) {
+    return GRPC_CALL_ERROR_PAYLOAD_TYPE_MISMATCH;
+  }
+  if (!grpc_cq_begin_op(cq_for_notification, tag)) {
+    return GRPC_CALL_ERROR_COMPLETION_QUEUE_SHUTDOWN;
+  }
+  return GRPC_CALL_OK;
+}
+
+grpc_call_error Server::ValidateServerRequestAndCq(
+    size_t* cq_idx, grpc_completion_queue* cq_for_notification, void* tag,
+    grpc_byte_buffer** optional_payload, RegisteredMethod* rm) {
+  size_t idx;
+  for (idx = 0; idx < cqs_.size(); idx++) {
+    if (cqs_[idx] == cq_for_notification) {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  if (idx == cqs_.size()) {
+    return GRPC_CALL_ERROR_NOT_SERVER_COMPLETION_QUEUE;
+  }
+  grpc_call_error error =
+      ValidateServerRequest(cq_for_notification, tag, optional_payload, rm);
+  if (error != GRPC_CALL_OK) {
+    return error;
+  }
+  *cq_idx = idx;
+  return GRPC_CALL_OK;
+}
+
+grpc_call_error Server::QueueRequestedCall(size_t cq_idx, RequestedCall* rc) {
+  if (ShutdownCalled()) {
+    FailCall(cq_idx, rc,
+             GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Server Shutdown"));
+    return GRPC_CALL_OK;
+  }
+  RequestMatcherInterface* rm;
+  switch (rc->type) {
+    case RequestedCall::Type::BATCH_CALL:
+      rm = unregistered_request_matcher_.get();
+      break;
+    case RequestedCall::Type::REGISTERED_CALL:
+      rm = rc->data.registered.method->matcher.get();
+      break;
+  }
+  rm->RequestCallWithPossiblePublish(cq_idx, rc);
+  return GRPC_CALL_OK;
+}
+
+grpc_call_error Server::RequestCall(grpc_call** call,
+                                    grpc_call_details* details,
+                                    grpc_metadata_array* request_metadata,
+                                    grpc_completion_queue* cq_bound_to_call,
+                                    grpc_completion_queue* cq_for_notification,
+                                    void* tag) {
+  size_t cq_idx;
+  grpc_call_error error = ValidateServerRequestAndCq(
+      &cq_idx, cq_for_notification, tag, nullptr, nullptr);
+  if (error != GRPC_CALL_OK) {
+    return error;
+  }
+  RequestedCall* rc =
+      new RequestedCall(tag, cq_bound_to_call, call, request_metadata, details);
+  return QueueRequestedCall(cq_idx, rc);
+}
+
+grpc_call_error Server::RequestRegisteredCall(
+    RegisteredMethod* rm, grpc_call** call, gpr_timespec* deadline,
+    grpc_metadata_array* request_metadata, grpc_byte_buffer** optional_payload,
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq_bound_to_call,
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq_for_notification, void* tag_new) {
+  size_t cq_idx;
+  grpc_call_error error = ValidateServerRequestAndCq(
+      &cq_idx, cq_for_notification, tag_new, optional_payload, rm);
+  if (error != GRPC_CALL_OK) {
+    return error;
+  }
+  RequestedCall* rc =
+      new RequestedCall(tag_new, cq_bound_to_call, call, request_metadata, rm,
+                        deadline, optional_payload);
+  return QueueRequestedCall(cq_idx, rc);
+}
+
+//
+// Server::ChannelData::ConnectivityWatcher
+//
+
+class Server::ChannelData::ConnectivityWatcher
+    : public AsyncConnectivityStateWatcherInterface {
+ public:
+  explicit ConnectivityWatcher(ChannelData* chand) : chand_(chand) {
+    GRPC_CHANNEL_INTERNAL_REF(chand_->channel_, "connectivity");
+  }
+
+  ~ConnectivityWatcher() override {
+    GRPC_CHANNEL_INTERNAL_UNREF(chand_->channel_, "connectivity");
+  }
+
+ private:
+  void OnConnectivityStateChange(grpc_connectivity_state new_state,
+                                 const absl::Status& /*status*/) override {
+    // Don't do anything until we are being shut down.
+    if (new_state != GRPC_CHANNEL_SHUTDOWN) return;
+    // Shut down channel.
+    MutexLock lock(&chand_->server_->mu_global_);
+    chand_->Destroy();
+  }
+
+  ChannelData* chand_;
+};
+
+//
+// Server::ChannelData
+//
+
+Server::ChannelData::~ChannelData() {
+  if (registered_methods_ != nullptr) {
+    for (const ChannelRegisteredMethod& crm : *registered_methods_) {
+      grpc_slice_unref_internal(crm.method);
+      GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(crm.method.refcount == &kNoopRefcount ||
+                       crm.method.refcount == nullptr);
+      if (crm.has_host) {
+        grpc_slice_unref_internal(crm.host);
+        GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(crm.host.refcount == &kNoopRefcount ||
+                         crm.host.refcount == nullptr);
+      }
+    }
+    registered_methods_.reset();
+  }
+  if (server_ != nullptr) {
+    if (server_->channelz_node_ != nullptr && channelz_socket_uuid_ != 0) {
+      server_->channelz_node_->RemoveChildSocket(channelz_socket_uuid_);
+    }
+    {
+      MutexLock lock(&server_->mu_global_);
+      if (list_position_.has_value()) {
+        server_->channels_.erase(*list_position_);
+        list_position_.reset();
+      }
+      server_->MaybeFinishShutdown();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Server::ChannelData::InitTransport(RefCountedPtr<Server> server,
+                                        grpc_channel* channel, size_t cq_idx,
+                                        grpc_transport* transport,
+                                        intptr_t channelz_socket_uuid) {
+  server_ = std::move(server);
+  channel_ = channel;
+  cq_idx_ = cq_idx;
+  channelz_socket_uuid_ = channelz_socket_uuid;
+  // Build a lookup table phrased in terms of mdstr's in this channels context
+  // to quickly find registered methods.
+  size_t num_registered_methods = server_->registered_methods_.size();
+  if (num_registered_methods > 0) {
+    uint32_t max_probes = 0;
+    size_t slots = 2 * num_registered_methods;
+    registered_methods_ =
+        absl::make_unique<std::vector<ChannelRegisteredMethod>>(slots);
+    for (std::unique_ptr<RegisteredMethod>& rm : server_->registered_methods_) {
+      ExternallyManagedSlice host;
+      ExternallyManagedSlice method(rm->method.c_str());
+      const bool has_host = !rm->host.empty();
+      if (has_host) {
+        host = ExternallyManagedSlice(rm->host.c_str());
+      }
+      uint32_t hash =
+          GRPC_MDSTR_KV_HASH(has_host ? host.Hash() : 0, method.Hash());
+      uint32_t probes = 0;
+      for (probes = 0; (*registered_methods_)[(hash + probes) % slots]
+                           .server_registered_method != nullptr;
+           probes++) {
+      }
+      if (probes > max_probes) max_probes = probes;
+      ChannelRegisteredMethod* crm =
+          &(*registered_methods_)[(hash + probes) % slots];
+      crm->server_registered_method = rm.get();
+      crm->flags = rm->flags;
+      crm->has_host = has_host;
+      if (has_host) {
+        crm->host = host;
+      }
+      crm->method = method;
+    }
+    GPR_ASSERT(slots <= UINT32_MAX);
+    registered_method_max_probes_ = max_probes;
+  }
+  // Publish channel.
+  {
+    MutexLock lock(&server_->mu_global_);
+    server_->channels_.push_front(this);
+    list_position_ = server_->channels_.begin();
+  }
+  // Start accept_stream transport op.
+  grpc_transport_op* op = grpc_make_transport_op(nullptr);
+  op->set_accept_stream = true;
+  op->set_accept_stream_fn = AcceptStream;
+  op->set_accept_stream_user_data = this;
+  op->start_connectivity_watch = MakeOrphanable<ConnectivityWatcher>(this);
+  if (server_->ShutdownCalled()) {
+    op->disconnect_with_error =
+        GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_FROM_STATIC_STRING("Server shutdown");
+  }
+  grpc_transport_perform_op(transport, op);
+}
+
+Server::ChannelRegisteredMethod* Server::ChannelData::GetRegisteredMethod(
+    const grpc_slice& host, const grpc_slice& path, bool is_idempotent) {
+  if (registered_methods_ == nullptr) return nullptr;
+  /* TODO(ctiller): unify these two searches */
+  /* check for an exact match with host */
+  uint32_t hash = GRPC_MDSTR_KV_HASH(grpc_slice_hash_internal(host),
+                                     grpc_slice_hash_internal(path));
+  for (size_t i = 0; i <= registered_method_max_probes_; i++) {
+    ChannelRegisteredMethod* rm =
+        &(*registered_methods_)[(hash + i) % registered_methods_->size()];
+    if (rm->server_registered_method == nullptr) break;
+    if (!rm->has_host) continue;
+    if (rm->host != host) continue;
+    if (rm->method != path) continue;
+    if ((rm->flags & GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_IDEMPOTENT_REQUEST) &&
+        !is_idempotent) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    return rm;
+  }
+  /* check for a wildcard method definition (no host set) */
+  hash = GRPC_MDSTR_KV_HASH(0, grpc_slice_hash_internal(path));
+  for (size_t i = 0; i <= registered_method_max_probes_; i++) {
+    ChannelRegisteredMethod* rm =
+        &(*registered_methods_)[(hash + i) % registered_methods_->size()];
+    if (rm->server_registered_method == nullptr) break;
+    if (rm->has_host) continue;
+    if (rm->method != path) continue;
+    if ((rm->flags & GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_IDEMPOTENT_REQUEST) &&
+        !is_idempotent) {
+      continue;
+    }
+    return rm;
+  }
+  return nullptr;
+}
+
+void Server::ChannelData::AcceptStream(void* arg, grpc_transport* /*transport*/,
+                                       const void* transport_server_data) {
+  auto* chand = static_cast<Server::ChannelData*>(arg);
+  /* create a call */
+  grpc_call_create_args args;
+  args.channel = chand->channel_;
+  args.server = chand->server_.get();
+  args.parent = nullptr;
+  args.propagation_mask = 0;
+  args.cq = nullptr;
+  args.pollset_set_alternative = nullptr;
+  args.server_transport_data = transport_server_data;
+  args.add_initial_metadata = nullptr;
+  args.add_initial_metadata_count = 0;
+  args.send_deadline = GRPC_MILLIS_INF_FUTURE;
+  grpc_call* call;
+  grpc_error_handle error = grpc_call_create(&args, &call);
+  grpc_call_element* elem =
+      grpc_call_stack_element(grpc_call_get_call_stack(call), 0);
+  auto* calld = static_cast<Server::CallData*>(elem->call_data);
+  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(error);
+    calld->FailCallCreation();
+    return;
+  }
+  calld->Start(elem);
+}
+
+void Server::ChannelData::FinishDestroy(void* arg,
+                                        grpc_error_handle /*error*/) {
+  auto* chand = static_cast<Server::ChannelData*>(arg);
+  Server* server = chand->server_.get();
+  GRPC_CHANNEL_INTERNAL_UNREF(chand->channel_, "server");
+  server->Unref();
+}
+
+void Server::ChannelData::Destroy() {
+  if (!list_position_.has_value()) return;
+  GPR_ASSERT(server_ != nullptr);
+  server_->channels_.erase(*list_position_);
+  list_position_.reset();
+  server_->Ref().release();
+  server_->MaybeFinishShutdown();
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&finish_destroy_channel_closure_, FinishDestroy, this,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  if (GRPC_TRACE_FLAG_ENABLED(grpc_server_channel_trace)) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO, "Disconnected client");
+  }
+  grpc_transport_op* op =
+      grpc_make_transport_op(&finish_destroy_channel_closure_);
+  op->set_accept_stream = true;
+  grpc_channel_next_op(
+      grpc_channel_stack_element(grpc_channel_get_channel_stack(channel_), 0),
+      op);
+}
+
+grpc_error_handle Server::ChannelData::InitChannelElement(
+    grpc_channel_element* elem, grpc_channel_element_args* args) {
+  GPR_ASSERT(args->is_first);
+  GPR_ASSERT(!args->is_last);
+  new (elem->channel_data) ChannelData();
+  return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+void Server::ChannelData::DestroyChannelElement(grpc_channel_element* elem) {
+  auto* chand = static_cast<ChannelData*>(elem->channel_data);
+  chand->~ChannelData();
+}
+
+//
+// Server::CallData
+//
+
+Server::CallData::CallData(grpc_call_element* elem,
+                           const grpc_call_element_args& args,
+                           RefCountedPtr<Server> server)
+    : server_(std::move(server)),
+      call_(grpc_call_from_top_element(elem)),
+      call_combiner_(args.call_combiner) {
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&recv_initial_metadata_ready_, RecvInitialMetadataReady,
+                    elem, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&recv_trailing_metadata_ready_, RecvTrailingMetadataReady,
+                    elem, grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+}
+
+Server::CallData::~CallData() {
+  GPR_ASSERT(state_.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) != CallState::PENDING);
+  GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(recv_initial_metadata_error_);
+  if (host_.has_value()) {
+    grpc_slice_unref_internal(*host_);
+  }
+  if (path_.has_value()) {
+    grpc_slice_unref_internal(*path_);
+  }
+  grpc_metadata_array_destroy(&initial_metadata_);
+  grpc_byte_buffer_destroy(payload_);
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::SetState(CallState state) {
+  state_.store(state, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+}
+
+bool Server::CallData::MaybeActivate() {
+  CallState expected = CallState::PENDING;
+  return state_.compare_exchange_strong(expected, CallState::ACTIVATED,
+                                        std::memory_order_acq_rel,
+                                        std::memory_order_relaxed);
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::FailCallCreation() {
+  CallState expected_not_started = CallState::NOT_STARTED;
+  CallState expected_pending = CallState::PENDING;
+  if (state_.compare_exchange_strong(expected_not_started, CallState::ZOMBIED,
+                                     std::memory_order_acq_rel,
+                                     std::memory_order_acquire)) {
+    KillZombie();
+  } else if (state_.compare_exchange_strong(
+                 expected_pending, CallState::ZOMBIED,
+                 std::memory_order_acq_rel, std::memory_order_relaxed)) {
+    // Zombied call will be destroyed when it's removed from the pending
+    // queue... later.
+  }
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::Start(grpc_call_element* elem) {
+  grpc_op op;
+  op.op = GRPC_OP_RECV_INITIAL_METADATA;
+  op.flags = 0;
+  op.reserved = nullptr;
+  op.data.recv_initial_metadata.recv_initial_metadata = &initial_metadata_;
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&recv_initial_metadata_batch_complete_,
+                    RecvInitialMetadataBatchComplete, elem,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  grpc_call_start_batch_and_execute(call_, &op, 1,
+                                    &recv_initial_metadata_batch_complete_);
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::Publish(size_t cq_idx, RequestedCall* rc) {
+  grpc_call_set_completion_queue(call_, rc->cq_bound_to_call);
+  *rc->call = call_;
+  cq_new_ = server_->cqs_[cq_idx];
+  std::swap(*rc->initial_metadata, initial_metadata_);
+  switch (rc->type) {
+    case RequestedCall::Type::BATCH_CALL:
+      GPR_ASSERT(host_.has_value());
+      GPR_ASSERT(path_.has_value());
+      rc->data.batch.details->host = grpc_slice_ref_internal(*host_);
+      rc->data.batch.details->method = grpc_slice_ref_internal(*path_);
+      rc->data.batch.details->deadline =
+          grpc_millis_to_timespec(deadline_, GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+      rc->data.batch.details->flags = recv_initial_metadata_flags_;
+      break;
+    case RequestedCall::Type::REGISTERED_CALL:
+      *rc->data.registered.deadline =
+          grpc_millis_to_timespec(deadline_, GPR_CLOCK_MONOTONIC);
+      if (rc->data.registered.optional_payload != nullptr) {
+        *rc->data.registered.optional_payload = payload_;
+        payload_ = nullptr;
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      GPR_UNREACHABLE_CODE(return );
+  }
+  grpc_cq_end_op(cq_new_, rc->tag, GRPC_ERROR_NONE, Server::DoneRequestEvent,
+                 rc, &rc->completion, true);
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::PublishNewRpc(void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  grpc_call_element* call_elem = static_cast<grpc_call_element*>(arg);
+  auto* calld = static_cast<Server::CallData*>(call_elem->call_data);
+  auto* chand = static_cast<Server::ChannelData*>(call_elem->channel_data);
+  RequestMatcherInterface* rm = calld->matcher_;
+  Server* server = rm->server();
+  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE || server->ShutdownCalled()) {
+    calld->state_.store(CallState::ZOMBIED, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    calld->KillZombie();
+    return;
+  }
+  rm->MatchOrQueue(chand->cq_idx(), calld);
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+void KillZombieClosure(void* call, grpc_error_handle /*error*/) {
+  grpc_call_unref(static_cast<grpc_call*>(call));
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+void Server::CallData::KillZombie() {
+  GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&kill_zombie_closure_, KillZombieClosure, call_,
+                    grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+  ExecCtx::Run(DEBUG_LOCATION, &kill_zombie_closure_, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::StartNewRpc(grpc_call_element* elem) {
+  auto* chand = static_cast<ChannelData*>(elem->channel_data);
+  if (server_->ShutdownCalled()) {
+    state_.store(CallState::ZOMBIED, std::memory_order_relaxed);
+    KillZombie();
+    return;
+  }
+  // Find request matcher.
+  matcher_ = server_->unregistered_request_matcher_.get();
+  grpc_server_register_method_payload_handling payload_handling =
+      GRPC_SRM_PAYLOAD_NONE;
+  if (path_.has_value() && host_.has_value()) {
+    ChannelRegisteredMethod* rm =
+        chand->GetRegisteredMethod(*host_, *path_,
+                                   (recv_initial_metadata_flags_ &
+                                    GRPC_INITIAL_METADATA_IDEMPOTENT_REQUEST));
+    if (rm != nullptr) {
+      matcher_ = rm->server_registered_method->matcher.get();
+      payload_handling = rm->server_registered_method->payload_handling;
+    }
+  }
+  // Start recv_message op if needed.
+  switch (payload_handling) {
+    case GRPC_SRM_PAYLOAD_NONE:
+      PublishNewRpc(elem, GRPC_ERROR_NONE);
+      break;
+    case GRPC_SRM_PAYLOAD_READ_INITIAL_BYTE_BUFFER: {
+      grpc_op op;
+      op.op = GRPC_OP_RECV_MESSAGE;
+      op.flags = 0;
+      op.reserved = nullptr;
+      op.data.recv_message.recv_message = &payload_;
+      GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&publish_, PublishNewRpc, elem,
+                        grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+      grpc_call_start_batch_and_execute(call_, &op, 1, &publish_);
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::RecvInitialMetadataBatchComplete(
+    void* arg, grpc_error_handle error) {
+  grpc_call_element* elem = static_cast<grpc_call_element*>(arg);
+  auto* calld = static_cast<Server::CallData*>(elem->call_data);
+  if (error != GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    calld->FailCallCreation();
+    return;
+  }
+  calld->StartNewRpc(elem);
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::StartTransportStreamOpBatchImpl(
+    grpc_call_element* elem, grpc_transport_stream_op_batch* batch) {
+  if (batch->recv_initial_metadata) {
+    GPR_ASSERT(batch->payload->recv_initial_metadata.recv_flags == nullptr);
+    recv_initial_metadata_ =
+        batch->payload->recv_initial_metadata.recv_initial_metadata;
+    original_recv_initial_metadata_ready_ =
+        batch->payload->recv_initial_metadata.recv_initial_metadata_ready;
+    batch->payload->recv_initial_metadata.recv_initial_metadata_ready =
+        &recv_initial_metadata_ready_;
+    batch->payload->recv_initial_metadata.recv_flags =
+        &recv_initial_metadata_flags_;
+  }
+  if (batch->recv_trailing_metadata) {
+    original_recv_trailing_metadata_ready_ =
+        batch->payload->recv_trailing_metadata.recv_trailing_metadata_ready;
+    batch->payload->recv_trailing_metadata.recv_trailing_metadata_ready =
+        &recv_trailing_metadata_ready_;
+  }
+  grpc_call_next_op(elem, batch);
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::RecvInitialMetadataReady(void* arg,
+                                                grpc_error_handle error) {
+  grpc_call_element* elem = static_cast<grpc_call_element*>(arg);
+  CallData* calld = static_cast<CallData*>(elem->call_data);
+  if (error == GRPC_ERROR_NONE) {
+    GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(
+        calld->recv_initial_metadata_->legacy_index()->named.path != nullptr);
+    GPR_DEBUG_ASSERT(
+        calld->recv_initial_metadata_->legacy_index()->named.authority !=
+        nullptr);
+    calld->path_.emplace(grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDVALUE(
+        calld->recv_initial_metadata_->legacy_index()->named.path->md)));
+    calld->host_.emplace(grpc_slice_ref_internal(GRPC_MDVALUE(
+        calld->recv_initial_metadata_->legacy_index()->named.authority->md)));
+    calld->recv_initial_metadata_->Remove(GRPC_BATCH_PATH);
+    calld->recv_initial_metadata_->Remove(GRPC_BATCH_AUTHORITY);
+  } else {
+    (void)GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);
+  }
+  auto op_deadline = calld->recv_initial_metadata_->get(GrpcTimeoutMetadata());
+  if (op_deadline.has_value()) {
+    calld->deadline_ = *op_deadline;
+  }
+  if (calld->host_.has_value() && calld->path_.has_value()) {
+    /* do nothing */
+  } else {
+    /* Pass the error reference to calld->recv_initial_metadata_error */
+    grpc_error_handle src_error = error;
+    error = GRPC_ERROR_CREATE_REFERENCING_FROM_STATIC_STRING(
+        "Missing :authority or :path", &src_error, 1);
+    GRPC_ERROR_UNREF(src_error);
+    calld->recv_initial_metadata_error_ = GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);
+  }
+  grpc_closure* closure = calld->original_recv_initial_metadata_ready_;
+  calld->original_recv_initial_metadata_ready_ = nullptr;
+  if (calld->seen_recv_trailing_metadata_ready_) {
+    GRPC_CALL_COMBINER_START(calld->call_combiner_,
+                             &calld->recv_trailing_metadata_ready_,
+                             calld->recv_trailing_metadata_error_,
+                             "continue server recv_trailing_metadata_ready");
+  }
+  Closure::Run(DEBUG_LOCATION, closure, error);
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::RecvTrailingMetadataReady(void* arg,
+                                                 grpc_error_handle error) {
+  grpc_call_element* elem = static_cast<grpc_call_element*>(arg);
+  CallData* calld = static_cast<CallData*>(elem->call_data);
+  if (calld->original_recv_initial_metadata_ready_ != nullptr) {
+    calld->recv_trailing_metadata_error_ = GRPC_ERROR_REF(error);
+    calld->seen_recv_trailing_metadata_ready_ = true;
+    GRPC_CLOSURE_INIT(&calld->recv_trailing_metadata_ready_,
+                      RecvTrailingMetadataReady, elem,
+                      grpc_schedule_on_exec_ctx);
+    GRPC_CALL_COMBINER_STOP(calld->call_combiner_,
+                            "deferring server recv_trailing_metadata_ready "
+                            "until after recv_initial_metadata_ready");
+    return;
+  }
+  error =
+      grpc_error_add_child(GRPC_ERROR_REF(error),
+                           GRPC_ERROR_REF(calld->recv_initial_metadata_error_));
+  Closure::Run(DEBUG_LOCATION, calld->original_recv_trailing_metadata_ready_,
+               error);
+}
+
+grpc_error_handle Server::CallData::InitCallElement(
+    grpc_call_element* elem, const grpc_call_element_args* args) {
+  auto* chand = static_cast<ChannelData*>(elem->channel_data);
+  new (elem->call_data) Server::CallData(elem, *args, chand->server());
+  return GRPC_ERROR_NONE;
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::DestroyCallElement(
+    grpc_call_element* elem, const grpc_call_final_info* /*final_info*/,
+    grpc_closure* /*ignored*/) {
+  auto* calld = static_cast<CallData*>(elem->call_data);
+  calld->~CallData();
+}
+
+void Server::CallData::StartTransportStreamOpBatch(
+    grpc_call_element* elem, grpc_transport_stream_op_batch* batch) {
+  auto* calld = static_cast<CallData*>(elem->call_data);
+  calld->StartTransportStreamOpBatchImpl(elem, batch);
+}
+
+}  // namespace grpc_core
+
+//
+// C-core API
+//
+
+grpc_server* grpc_server_create(const grpc_channel_args* args, void* reserved) {
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  args = grpc_channel_args_remove_grpc_internal(args);
+  GRPC_API_TRACE("grpc_server_create(%p, %p)", 2, (args, reserved));
+  grpc_server* c_server = new grpc_server;
+  c_server->core_server = grpc_core::MakeOrphanable<grpc_core::Server>(args);
+  grpc_channel_args_destroy(args);
+  return c_server;
+}
+
+void grpc_server_register_completion_queue(grpc_server* server,
+                                           grpc_completion_queue* cq,
+                                           void* reserved) {
+  GRPC_API_TRACE(
+      "grpc_server_register_completion_queue(server=%p, cq=%p, reserved=%p)", 3,
+      (server, cq, reserved));
+  GPR_ASSERT(!reserved);
+  auto cq_type = grpc_get_cq_completion_type(cq);
+  if (cq_type != GRPC_CQ_NEXT && cq_type != GRPC_CQ_CALLBACK) {
+    gpr_log(GPR_INFO,
+            "Completion queue of type %d is being registered as a "
+            "server-completion-queue",
+            static_cast<int>(cq_type));
+    /* Ideally we should log an error and abort but ruby-wrapped-language API
+       calls grpc_completion_queue_pluck() on server completion queues */
+  }
+  server->core_server->RegisterCompletionQueue(cq);
+}
+
+void* grpc_server_register_method(
+    grpc_server* server, const char* method, const char* host,
+    grpc_server_register_method_payload_handling payload_handling,
+    uint32_t flags) {
+  GRPC_API_TRACE(
+      "grpc_server_register_method(server=%p, method=%s, host=%s, "
+      "flags=0x%08x)",
+      4, (server, method, host, flags));
+  return server->core_server->RegisterMethod(method, host, payload_handling,
+                                             flags);
+}
+
+void grpc_server_start(grpc_server* server) {
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  GRPC_API_TRACE("grpc_server_start(server=%p)", 1, (server));
+  server->core_server->Start();
+}
+
+void grpc_server_shutdown_and_notify(grpc_server* server,
+                                     grpc_completion_queue* cq, void* tag) {
+  grpc_core::ApplicationCallbackExecCtx callback_exec_ctx;
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  GRPC_API_TRACE("grpc_server_shutdown_and_notify(server=%p, cq=%p, tag=%p)", 3,
+                 (server, cq, tag));
+  server->core_server->ShutdownAndNotify(cq, tag);
+}
+
+void grpc_server_cancel_all_calls(grpc_server* server) {
+  grpc_core::ApplicationCallbackExecCtx callback_exec_ctx;
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  GRPC_API_TRACE("grpc_server_cancel_all_calls(server=%p)", 1, (server));
+  server->core_server->CancelAllCalls();
+}
+
+void grpc_server_destroy(grpc_server* server) {
+  grpc_core::ApplicationCallbackExecCtx callback_exec_ctx;
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  GRPC_API_TRACE("grpc_server_destroy(server=%p)", 1, (server));
+  delete server;
+}
+
+grpc_call_error grpc_server_request_call(
+    grpc_server* server, grpc_call** call, grpc_call_details* details,
+    grpc_metadata_array* request_metadata,
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq_bound_to_call,
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq_for_notification, void* tag) {
+  grpc_core::ApplicationCallbackExecCtx callback_exec_ctx;
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_REQUESTED_CALLS();
+  GRPC_API_TRACE(
+      "grpc_server_request_call("
+      "server=%p, call=%p, details=%p, initial_metadata=%p, "
+      "cq_bound_to_call=%p, cq_for_notification=%p, tag=%p)",
+      7,
+      (server, call, details, request_metadata, cq_bound_to_call,
+       cq_for_notification, tag));
+  return server->core_server->RequestCall(call, details, request_metadata,
+                                          cq_bound_to_call, cq_for_notification,
+                                          tag);
+}
+
+grpc_call_error grpc_server_request_registered_call(
+    grpc_server* server, void* registered_method, grpc_call** call,
+    gpr_timespec* deadline, grpc_metadata_array* request_metadata,
+    grpc_byte_buffer** optional_payload,
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq_bound_to_call,
+    grpc_completion_queue* cq_for_notification, void* tag_new) {
+  grpc_core::ApplicationCallbackExecCtx callback_exec_ctx;
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  GRPC_STATS_INC_SERVER_REQUESTED_CALLS();
+  auto* rm =
+      static_cast<grpc_core::Server::RegisteredMethod*>(registered_method);
+  GRPC_API_TRACE(
+      "grpc_server_request_registered_call("
+      "server=%p, registered_method=%p, call=%p, deadline=%p, "
+      "request_metadata=%p, "
+      "optional_payload=%p, cq_bound_to_call=%p, cq_for_notification=%p, "
+      "tag=%p)",
+      9,
+      (server, registered_method, call, deadline, request_metadata,
+       optional_payload, cq_bound_to_call, cq_for_notification, tag_new));
+  return server->core_server->RequestRegisteredCall(
+      rm, call, deadline, request_metadata, optional_payload, cq_bound_to_call,
+      cq_for_notification, tag_new);
+}
+
+void grpc_server_set_config_fetcher(
+    grpc_server* server, grpc_server_config_fetcher* server_config_fetcher) {
+  grpc_core::ApplicationCallbackExecCtx callback_exec_ctx;
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  GRPC_API_TRACE("grpc_server_set_config_fetcher(server=%p, config_fetcher=%p)",
+                 2, (server, server_config_fetcher));
+  server->core_server->set_config_fetcher(
+      std::unique_ptr<grpc_server_config_fetcher>(server_config_fetcher));
+}
+
+void grpc_server_config_fetcher_destroy(
+    grpc_server_config_fetcher* server_config_fetcher) {
+  grpc_core::ApplicationCallbackExecCtx callback_exec_ctx;
+  grpc_core::ExecCtx exec_ctx;
+  GRPC_API_TRACE("grpc_server_config_fetcher_destroy(config_fetcher=%p)", 1,
+                 (server_config_fetcher));
+  delete server_config_fetcher;
+}