ffi 1.0.0 → 1.17.1

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data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+1.17.1 / 2024-12-30
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* #1117 Restart async callback dispatcher thread after fork.
+* #1133 Add ruby-3.4 native gem.
+* #1134 Fix FFI::DataConverter non-generic usage in RBS files.
+
+
+1.17.0 / 2024-06-02
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Add FFI::AbstractMemory#read_array_of_string . It was defined but not exposed to Ruby nor tested. #1070
+
+
+1.17.0.rc2 / 2024-04-22
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Add missing write barriers to StructLayout#initialize causing a segfault with GC.stress. #1079
+
+
+1.17.0.rc1 / 2024-04-08
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix type definitions on `aarch64-linux`. #1067, #1066
+* Use RB_TEST for `Pointer.autorelease=` . #1065
+  So that `false` and `nil` are treated as falsey and anything else as truthy.
+* Replace Fixnum by Integer. #1064
+  Fixnum is no longer present in the ruby language.
+* Update `FFI::NativeType` doc. #1061
+* Store FFI::Type::Mapped of FFI::StrPtrConverter in global instead of custom type map
+* Various documentation fixes. #1042
+* Update `FFI::Pointer#==` to return `false` if a pointer is compared to a non-pointer object, which is the expected behavior. #1083
+* Avoid warning about undefined wariable `@ffi_functions` #1085
+* Fix a very unlikely GC bug when using a callback block. # 1089
+
+Added:
+* Provide binary gems for many platforms. #990
+* Add Windows fat binary gem for Ruby-3.3
+* Add RBS type definitions for many user facing parts of the FFI API. #1042
+* Improve fallback search path logic. #1088
+  Respect LD_LIBRARY_PATH and DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH on Macos.
+* Update libffi to current git master branch.
+
+Removed:
+* Remove `enum CHAR_ARRAY` which is no longer used. #1063
+
+
+1.16.3 / 2023-10-04
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix gcc error when building on CentOS 7. #1052
+* Avoid trying to store new DataConverter type in frozen TypeDefs hash. #1057
+
+
+1.16.2 / 2023-09-25
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Handle null pointer crash after fork. #1051
+
+
+1.16.1 / 2023-09-24
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix compiling the builtin libffi. #1049
+
+
+1.16.0 / 2023-09-23
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix an issue with signed bitmasks when using flags on the most significant bit. #949
+* Fix FFI::Pointer#initialize using NUM2LL instead of NUM2ULL.
+* Fix FFI::Type#inspect to properly display the constant name. #1002
+* Use libffi closure allocations on hppa-Linux. #1017
+  Previously they would segfault.
+* Fix class name of Symbol#inspect.
+* Fix MSVC support of libtest. #1028
+* Fix attach_function of functions ending in ? or ! #971
+
+Added:
+* Convert all C-based classes to TypedData and use write barriers. #994, #995, #996, #997, #998, #999, #1000, #1001, #1003, #1004, #1005, #1006, #1007, #1008, #1009, #1010, #1011, #1012
+  This results in less pressure on the garbage collector, since the objects can be promoted to the old generation, which means they only get marked on major GC.
+* Implement `ObjectSpace.memsize_of()` of all C-based classes.
+* Make FFI Ractor compatible. #1023
+  Modules extended per `extend FFI::Library` need to be frozen in order to be used by non-main Ractors.
+  This can be done by calling `freeze` below of all C interface definitions.
+  * In a Ractor it's possible to:
+    * load DLLs and call its functions, access its global variables
+    * use builtin typedefs
+    * use and modify ractor local typedefs
+    * define callbacks
+    * receive async callbacks from non-ruby threads
+    * use frozen FFI::Library based modules with all attributes (enums, structs, typedefs, functions, callbacks)
+    * invoke frozen functions and callbacks defined in the main Ractor
+    * use FFI::Struct definitions from the main Ractor
+  * In a Ractor it's impossible to:
+    * create new FFI::Library based modules
+    * create new FFI::Struct definitions
+    * use custom global typedefs
+    * use non-frozen FFI::Library based modules
+* Allow type retrieval of attached functions+variables. #1023
+* Make FFI classes `GC.compact` friendly. #1021
+* Update libffi and disable custom trampoline when using libffi closure allocation. #1020
+  This is because libffi changed the way how closures are allocated to static trampolines.
+* Add types.conf for loongarch64-linux. #943
+* Add types.conf for sw_64-linux (Shen Wei 64-bit, based on Alpha).  #1018
+* Add support for aarch64-windows. #1035
+* Windows: Update LoadLibrary error message to include error code. #1026
+* Allow private release method for FFI::ManagedStruct and FFI::AutoPointer. #1029
+* Add support for passing ABI version to FFI.map_library_name. #963
+  This adds the new class FFI::LibraryPath .
+* Add support for ruby-3.2 to windows binary gem. #1047
+* Enable debug symbols for `rake compile` builds to ease debugging. #1048
+
+Removed:
+* Remove allocator of AbstractMemory. #1013
+  This disables AbstractMemory.new, which has no practical use.
+* Remove unused FFI::SizeTypes. #1022
+
+
+1.15.5 / 2022-01-10
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix long double argument or return values on 32bit i686. #849
+* FFI::ConstGenerator: avoid usage of the same binary file simultaneously. #929
+
+Added:
+* Add Windows fat binary gem for Ruby-3.1
+
+Removed:
+* Remove Windows fat binary gem for Ruby < 2.4
+
+
+1.15.4 / 2021-09-01
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix build for uClibc. #913
+* Correct module lookup when including `ffi-module` gem. #912
+
+Changed:
+* Use ruby code of the ffi gem in JRuby-9.2.20+. #915
+
+
+1.15.3 / 2021-06-16
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix temporary packaging issue with libffi. #904
+
+
+1.15.2 / 2021-06-16
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* Add support for Windows MINGW-UCRT build. #903
+* Add `/opt/homebrew/lib/` to fallback search paths to improve homebrew support. #880 #882
+
+Changed:
+* Regenerate `types.conf` for FreeBSD12 aarch64. #902
+
+
+1.15.1 / 2021-05-22
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Append -pthread to linker options. #893
+* Use arm or aarch64 to identify Apple ARM CPU arch. #899
+* Allow overriding `gcc` with the `CC` env var in `const_generator.rb` and `struct_generator.rb`. #897
+
+
+1.15.0 / 2021-03-05
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix MSVC build
+* Fix async callbacks in conjunction with fork(). #884
+
+Added:
+* Allow to pass callbacks in varargs. #885
+* Name the threads for FFI callback dispatcher and async thread calls for easier debugging. #883
+  The name can be retrieved by Thread.name and is shown by Thread.list.inspect etc.
+  Even gdb shows the thread name on supported operating systems.
+* Add types.conf for powerpc64le-linux
+* Add types.conf for riscv64-linux
+* More release automation of ffi gems
+
+Changed:
+* Switch from rubygems-tasks to bundler/gem_helper
+
+Removed:
+* Remove unused VariadicInvoker#init
+
+
+1.14.2 / 2020-12-21
+-------------------
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix builtin libffi on newer Ubuntu caused by an outdated Makefile.in . #863
+
+
+1.14.1 / 2020-12-19
+-------------------
+
+Changed:
+* Revert changes to FFI::Pointer#write_string made in ffi-1.14.0.
+  It breaks compatibilty in a way that can cause hard to find errors. #857
+
+
+1.14.0 / 2020-12-18
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* Add types.conf for x86_64-msys, x86_64-haiku, aarch64-openbsd and aarch64-darwin (alias arm64-darwin)
+* Add method AbstractMemory#size_limit? . #829
+* Add new extconf option --enable-libffi-alloc which is enabled per default on Apple M1 (arm64-darwin).
+
+Changed:
+* Do NULL pointer check only when array length > 0 . #305
+* Raise an error on an unknown order argument. #830
+* Change FFI::Pointer#write_string to terminate with a NUL byte like other string methods. #805
+* Update bundled libffi to latest master.
+
+Removed:
+* Remove win32/stdint.h and stdbool.h because of copyright issue.  #693
+
+Fixed:
+* Fix possible UTF-8 load error in loader script interpretation. #792
+* Fix segfault on non-array argument to #write_array_of_*
+* Fix memory leak in MethodHandle . #815
+* Fix possible segfault in combination with fiddle or other libffi using gems . #835
+* Fix possibility to use ffi ruby gem with JRuby-9.3 . #763
+* Fix a GC issue, when a callback Proc is used on more than 2 callback signatures. #820
+
+
+1.13.1 / 2020-06-09
+-------------------
+
+Changed:
+* Revert use of `ucrtbase.dll` as default C library on Windows-MINGW.
+  `ucrtbase.dll` is still used on MSWIN target. #790
+* Test for `ffi_prep_closure_loc()` to make sure we can use this function.
+  This fixes incorrect use of system libffi on MacOS Mojave (10.14). #787
+* Update types.conf on x86_64-dragonflybsd
+
+
+1.13.0 / 2020-06-01
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* Add TruffleRuby support. Almost all specs are running on TruffleRuby and succeed. #768
+* Add ruby source files to the java gem. This allows to ship the Ruby library code per platform java gem and add it as a default gem to JRuby. #763
+* Add FFI::Platform::LONG_DOUBLE_SIZE
+* Add bounds checks for writing to an inline char[] . #756
+* Add long double as callback return value. #771
+* Update type definitions and add types from stdint.h and stddef.h on i386-windows, x86_64-windows, x86_64-darwin, x86_64-linux, arm-linux, powerpc-linux. #749
+* Add new type definitions for powerpc-openbsd and sparcv9-openbsd. #775, #778
+
+Changed:
+* Raise required ruby version to >= 2.3.
+* Lots of cleanups and improvements in library, specs and benchmarks.
+* Fix a lot of compiler warnings at the C-extension
+* Fix several install issues on MacOS:
+  * Look for libffi in SDK paths, since recent versions of macOS removed it from `/usr/include` . #757
+  * Fix error `ld: library not found for -lgcc_s.10.4`
+  * Don't built for i386 architecture as it is deprecated
+* Several fixes for MSVC build on Windows. #779
+* Use `ucrtbase.dll` as default C library on Windows instead of old `msvcrt.dll`. #779
+* Update builtin libffi to fix a Powerpc issue with parameters of type long
+* Allow unmodified sourcing of (the ruby code of) this gem in JRuby and TruffleRuby as a default gem. #747
+* Improve check to detect if a module has a #find_type method suitable for FFI. This fixes compatibility with stdlib `mkmf` . #776
+
+Removed:
+* Reject callback with `:string` return type at definition, because it didn't work so far and is not save to use. #751, #782
+
+
+1.12.2 / 2020-02-01
+-------------------
+
+* Fix possible segfault at FFI::Struct#[] and []= after GC.compact . #742
+
+
+1.12.1 / 2020-01-14
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* Add binary gem support for ruby-2.7 on Windows
+
+
+1.12.0 / 2020-01-14
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* FFI::VERSION is defined as part of `require 'ffi'` now.
+  It is no longer necessary to `require 'ffi/version'` .
+
+Changed:
+* Update libffi to latest master.
+
+Deprecated:
+* Overwriting struct layouts is now warned and will be disallowed in ffi-2.0. #734, #735
+
+
+1.11.3 / 2019-11-25
+-------------------
+
+Removed:
+* Remove support for tainted objects which cause deprecation warnings in ruby-2.7. #730
+
+
+1.11.2 / 2019-11-11
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* Add DragonFlyBSD as a platform. #724
+
+Changed:
+* Sort all types.conf files, so that files and changes are easier to compare.
+* Regenerated type conf for freebsd12 and x86_64-linux targets. #722
+* Remove MACOSX_DEPLOYMENT_TARGET that was targeting very old version 10.4. #647
+* Fix library name mangling for non glibc Linux/UNIX. #727
+* Fix compiler warnings raised by ruby-2.7
+* Update libffi to latest master.
+
+
+1.11.1 / 2019-05-20
+-------------------
+
+Changed:
+* Raise required ruby version to >=2.0. #699, #700
+* Fix a possible linker error on ruby < 2.3 on Linux.
+
+
+1.11.0 / 2019-05-17
+-------------------
+This version was yanked on 2019-05-20 to fix an install issue on ruby-1.9.3. #700
+
+Added:
+* Add ability to disable or force use of system libffi. #669
+  Use like `gem inst ffi -- --enable-system-libffi` .
+* Add ability to call FFI callbacks from outside of FFI call frame. #584
+* Add proper documentation to FFI::Generator and ::Task
+* Add gemspec metadata. #696, #698
+
+Changed:
+* Fix stdcall on Win32. #649, #669
+* Fix load paths for FFI::Generator::Task
+* Fix FFI::Pointer#read_string(0) to return a binary String. #692
+* Fix benchmark suite so that it runs on ruby-2.x
+* Move FFI::Platform::CPU from C to Ruby. #663
+* Move FFI::StructByReference to Ruby. #681
+* Move FFI::DataConverter to Ruby (#661)
+* Various cleanups and improvements of specs and benchmarks
+
+Removed:
+* Remove ruby-1.8 and 1.9 compatibility code. #683
+* Remove unused spec files. #684
+
+
+1.10.0 / 2019-01-06
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* Add /opt/local/lib/ to ffi's fallback library search path. #638
+* Add binary gem support for ruby-2.6 on Windows
+* Add FreeBSD on AArch64 and ARM support. #644
+* Add FFI::LastError.winapi_error on Windows native or Cygwin. #633
+
+Changed:
+* Update to rake-compiler-dock-0.7.0
+* Use 64-bit inodes on FreeBSD >= 12. #644
+* Switch time_t and suseconds_t types to long on FreeBSD. #627
+* Make register_t long_long on 64-bit FreeBSD. #644
+* Fix Pointer#write_array_of_type #637
+
+Removed:
+* Drop binary gem support for ruby-2.0 and 2.1 on Windows
+
+
+1.9.25 / 2018-06-03
+-------------------
+
+Changed:
+* Revert closures via libffi.
+  This re-adds ClosurePool and fixes compat with SELinux enabled systems. #621
+
+
+1.9.24 / 2018-06-02
+-------------------
+
+Security Note:
+
+This update addresses vulnerability CVE-2018-1000201: DLL loading issue which can be hijacked on Windows OS, when a Symbol is used as DLL name instead of a String. Found by Matthew Bush.
+
+Added:
+* Added a CHANGELOG file
+* Add mips64(eb) support, and mips r6 support. (#601)
+
+Changed:
+* Update libffi to latest changes on master.
+* Don't search in hardcoded /usr paths on Windows.
+* Don't treat Symbol args different to Strings in ffi_lib.
+* Make sure size_t is defined in Thread.c. Fixes #609
+
+
+1.9.23 / 2018-02-25
+-------------------
+
+Changed:
+* Fix unnecessary rebuild of configure in darwin multi arch. Fixes #605
+
+
+1.9.22 / 2018-02-22
+-------------------
+
+Changed:
+* Update libffi to latest changes on master.
+* Update detection of system libffi to match new requirements. Fixes #617
+* Prefer bundled libffi over system libffi on Mac OS.
+* Do closures via libffi. This removes ClosurePool and fixes compat with PaX. #540
+* Use a more deterministic gem packaging.
+* Fix unnecessary update of autoconf files at gem install.
+
+
+1.9.21 / 2018-02-06
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* Ruby-2.5 support by Windows binary gems. Fixes #598
+* Add missing win64 types.
+* Added support for Bitmask. (#573)
+* Add support for MSYS2 (#572) and Sparc64 Linux. (#574)
+
+Changed:
+* Fix read_string to not throw an error on length 0.
+* Don't use absolute paths for sh and env. Fixes usage on Adroid #528
+* Use Ruby implementation for `which` for better compat with Windows. Fixes #315
+* Fix compatibility with PPC64LE platform. (#577)
+* Normalize sparc64 to sparcv9. (#575)
+
+Removed:
+* Drop Ruby 1.8.7 support (#480)
+
+
+1.9.18 / 2017-03-03
+-------------------
+
+Added:
+* Add compatibility with Ruby-2.4.
+
+Changed:
+* Add missing shlwapi.h include to fix Windows build.
+* Avoid undefined behaviour of LoadLibrary() on Windows. #553
+
+
+1.9.17 / 2017-01-13
+-------------------

data/COPYING

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+Copyright (c) 2008-2013, Ruby FFI project contributors
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+    * Neither the name of the Ruby FFI project nor the
+      names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
+      derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL <COPYRIGHT HOLDER> BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+libffi, used by this project, is licensed under the MIT license:
+
+libffi - Copyright (c) 1996-2011  Anthony Green, Red Hat, Inc and others.
+See source files for details.
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
+a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
+``Software''), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
+without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
+distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
+permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
+the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'', WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT.
+IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
+TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE
+SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+

data/Gemfile

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+source 'https://rubygems.org'
+
+group :development do
+  gem 'bigdecimal' # necessary on ruby-3.3+
+  gem 'bundler', '>= 1.16', '< 3'
+  gem 'rake', '~> 13.0'
+  gem 'rake-compiler', '~> 1.1'
+  gem 'rake-compiler-dock', '~> 1.7.0'
+  gem 'rspec', '~> 3.0'
+end
+
+group :doc do
+  gem 'kramdown'
+  gem 'yard', '~> 0.9'
+end
+
+group :type_check do
+  if RUBY_VERSION >= "2.6" && %w[ ruby truffleruby ].include?(RUBY_ENGINE)
+    gem 'rbs', '~> 3.0'
+  end
+end

data/LICENSE

@@ -1,14 +1,24 @@
-Copyright (c) 2008-2010 Ruby-FFI contributors
+Copyright (c) 2008-2016, Ruby FFI project contributors
 All rights reserved.
 
-This code is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
-the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 3 only, as
-published by the Free Software Foundation.
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+    * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+    * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
+      notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+      documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+    * Neither the name of the Ruby FFI project nor the
+      names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products
+      derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 
-This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
-ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
-FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU Lesser General Public License
-version 3 for more details.
-
-You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-version 3 along with this work.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL <COPYRIGHT HOLDER> BE LIABLE FOR ANY
+DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
+ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

data/LICENSE.SPECS

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Copyright (c) 2008-2012 Ruby-FFI contributors
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person
+obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation
+files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without
+restriction, including without limitation the rights to use,
+copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following
+conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
+included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
+EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES
+OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
+NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT
+HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
+WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR
+OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.