docspring 3.1.0 → 3.2.0

data/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.3.0/gems/rexml-3.4.0/lib/rexml/element.rb

@@ -1,2584 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: false
-require_relative "parent"
-require_relative "namespace"
-require_relative "attribute"
-require_relative "cdata"
-require_relative "xpath"
-require_relative "parseexception"
-
-module REXML
-  # An \REXML::Element object represents an XML element.
-  #
-  # An element:
-  #
-  # - Has a name (string).
-  # - May have a parent (another element).
-  # - Has zero or more children
-  #   (other elements, text, CDATA, processing instructions, and comments).
-  # - Has zero or more siblings
-  #   (other elements, text, CDATA, processing instructions, and comments).
-  # - Has zero or more named attributes.
-  #
-  # == In a Hurry?
-  #
-  # If you're somewhat familiar with XML
-  # and have a particular task in mind,
-  # you may want to see the
-  # {tasks pages}[../doc/rexml/tasks/tocs/master_toc_rdoc.html],
-  # and in particular, the
-  # {tasks page for elements}[../doc/rexml/tasks/tocs/element_toc_rdoc.html].
-  #
-  # === Name
-  #
-  # An element has a name, which is initially set when the element is created:
-  #
-  #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-  #   e.name # => "foo"
-  #
-  # The name may be changed:
-  #
-  #   e.name = 'bar'
-  #   e.name # => "bar"
-  #
-  #
-  # === \Parent
-  #
-  # An element may have a parent.
-  #
-  # Its parent may be assigned explicitly when the element is created:
-  #
-  #   e0 = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-  #   e1 = REXML::Element.new('bar', e0)
-  #   e1.parent # => <foo> ... </>
-  #
-  # Note: the representation of an element always shows the element's name.
-  # If the element has children, the representation indicates that
-  # by including an ellipsis (<tt>...</tt>).
-  #
-  # The parent may be assigned explicitly at any time:
-  #
-  #   e2 = REXML::Element.new('baz')
-  #   e1.parent = e2
-  #   e1.parent # => <baz/>
-  #
-  # When an element is added as a child, its parent is set automatically:
-  #
-  #   e1.add_element(e0)
-  #   e0.parent # => <bar> ... </>
-  #
-  # For an element that has no parent, method +parent+ returns +nil+.
-  #
-  # === Children
-  #
-  # An element has zero or more children.
-  # The children are an ordered collection
-  # of all objects whose parent is the element itself.
-  #
-  # The children may include any combination of elements, text, comments,
-  # processing instructions, and CDATA.
-  # (This example keeps things clean by controlling whitespace
-  # via a +context+ setting.)
-  #
-  #    xml_string = <<-EOT
-  #    <root>
-  #      <ele_0/>
-  #      text 0
-  #      <!--comment 0-->
-  #      <?target_0 pi_0?>
-  #      <![CDATA[cdata 0]]>
-  #      <ele_1/>
-  #      text 1
-  #      <!--comment 1-->
-  #      <?target_0 pi_1?>
-  #      <![CDATA[cdata 1]]>
-  #    </root>
-  #    EOT
-  #    context = {ignore_whitespace_nodes: :all, compress_whitespace: :all}
-  #    d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string, context)
-  #    root = d.root
-  #    root.children.size # => 10
-  #    root.each {|child| p "#{child.class}: #{child}" }
-  #
-  # Output:
-  #
-  #   "REXML::Element: <ele_0/>"
-  #   "REXML::Text: \n text 0\n "
-  #   "REXML::Comment: comment 0"
-  #   "REXML::Instruction: <?target_0 pi_0?>"
-  #   "REXML::CData: cdata 0"
-  #   "REXML::Element: <ele_1/>"
-  #   "REXML::Text: \n text 1\n "
-  #   "REXML::Comment: comment 1"
-  #   "REXML::Instruction: <?target_0 pi_1?>"
-  #   "REXML::CData: cdata 1"
-  #
-  # A child may be added using inherited methods
-  # Parent#insert_before or Parent#insert_after:
-  #
-  #   xml_string = '<root><a/><c/><d/></root>'
-  #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-  #   root = d.root
-  #   c = d.root[1] # => <c/>
-  #   root.insert_before(c, REXML::Element.new('b'))
-  #   root.to_a # => [<a/>, <b/>, <c/>, <d/>]
-  #
-  # A child may be replaced using Parent#replace_child:
-  #
-  #   root.replace_child(c, REXML::Element.new('x'))
-  #   root.to_a # => [<a/>, <b/>, <x/>, <d/>]
-  #
-  # A child may be removed using Parent#delete:
-  #
-  #   x = root[2] # => <x/>
-  #   root.delete(x)
-  #   root.to_a # => [<a/>, <b/>, <d/>]
-  #
-  # === Siblings
-  #
-  # An element has zero or more siblings,
-  # which are the other children of the element's parent.
-  #
-  # In the example above, element +ele_1+ is between a CDATA sibling
-  # and a text sibling:
-  #
-  #   ele_1 = root[5]        # => <ele_1/>
-  #   ele_1.previous_sibling # => "cdata 0"
-  #   ele_1.next_sibling     # => "\n text 1\n "
-  #
-  # === \Attributes
-  #
-  # An element has zero or more named attributes.
-  #
-  # A new element has no attributes:
-  #
-  #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-  #   e.attributes      # => {}
-  #
-  # Attributes may be added:
-  #
-  #   e.add_attribute('bar', 'baz')
-  #   e.add_attribute('bat', 'bam')
-  #   e.attributes.size # => 2
-  #   e['bar']          # => "baz"
-  #   e['bat']          # => "bam"
-  #
-  # An existing attribute may be modified:
-  #
-  #   e.add_attribute('bar', 'bad')
-  #   e.attributes.size # => 2
-  #   e['bar']          # => "bad"
-  #
-  # An existing attribute may be deleted:
-  #
-  #   e.delete_attribute('bar')
-  #   e.attributes.size # => 1
-  #   e['bar']          # => nil
-  #
-  # == What's Here
-  #
-  # To begin with, what's elsewhere?
-  #
-  # \Class \REXML::Element inherits from its ancestor classes:
-  #
-  # - REXML::Child
-  # - REXML::Parent
-  #
-  # \REXML::Element itself and its ancestors also include modules:
-  #
-  # - {Enumerable}[https://docs.ruby-lang.org/en/master/Enumerable.html]
-  # - REXML::Namespace
-  # - REXML::Node
-  # - REXML::XMLTokens
-  #
-  # === Methods for Creating an \Element
-  #
-  # ::new:: Returns a new empty element.
-  # #clone:: Returns a clone of another element.
-  #
-  # === Methods for Attributes
-  #
-  # {[attribute_name]}[#method-i-5B-5D]:: Returns an attribute value.
-  # #add_attribute:: Adds a new attribute.
-  # #add_attributes:: Adds multiple new attributes.
-  # #attribute:: Returns the attribute value for a given name and optional namespace.
-  # #delete_attribute:: Removes an attribute.
-  #
-  # === Methods for Children
-  #
-  # {[index]}[#method-i-5B-5D]:: Returns the child at the given offset.
-  # #add_element:: Adds an element as the last child.
-  # #delete_element:: Deletes a child element.
-  # #each_element:: Calls the given block with each child element.
-  # #each_element_with_attribute:: Calls the given block with each child element
-  #                                that meets given criteria,
-  #                                which can include the attribute name.
-  # #each_element_with_text:: Calls the given block with each child element
-  #                           that meets given criteria,
-  #                           which can include text.
-  # #get_elements:: Returns an array of element children that match a given xpath.
-  #
-  # === Methods for \Text Children
-  #
-  # #add_text:: Adds a text node to the element.
-  # #get_text:: Returns a text node that meets specified criteria.
-  # #text:: Returns the text string from the first node that meets specified criteria.
-  # #texts:: Returns an array of the text children of the element.
-  # #text=:: Adds, removes, or replaces the first text child of the element
-  #
-  # === Methods for Other Children
-  #
-  # #cdatas:: Returns an array of the cdata children of the element.
-  # #comments:: Returns an array of the comment children of the element.
-  # #instructions:: Returns an array of the instruction children of the element.
-  #
-  # === Methods for Namespaces
-  #
-  # #add_namespace:: Adds a namespace to the element.
-  # #delete_namespace:: Removes a namespace from the element.
-  # #namespace:: Returns the string namespace URI for the element.
-  # #namespaces:: Returns a hash of all defined namespaces in the element.
-  # #prefixes:: Returns an array of the string prefixes (names)
-  #             of all defined namespaces in the element
-  #
-  # === Methods for Querying
-  #
-  # #document:: Returns the document, if any, that the element belongs to.
-  # #root:: Returns the most distant element (not document) ancestor of the element.
-  # #root_node:: Returns the most distant ancestor of the element.
-  # #xpath:: Returns the string xpath to the element
-  #          relative to the most distant parent
-  # #has_attributes?:: Returns whether the element has attributes.
-  # #has_elements?:: Returns whether the element has elements.
-  # #has_text?:: Returns whether the element has text.
-  # #next_element:: Returns the next sibling that is an element.
-  # #previous_element:: Returns the previous sibling that is an element.
-  # #raw:: Returns whether raw mode is set for the element.
-  # #whitespace:: Returns whether whitespace is respected for the element.
-  # #ignore_whitespace_nodes:: Returns whether whitespace nodes
-  #                            are to be ignored for the element.
-  # #node_type:: Returns symbol <tt>:element</tt>.
-  #
-  # === One More Method
-  #
-  # #inspect:: Returns a string representation of the element.
-  #
-  # === Accessors
-  #
-  # #elements:: Returns the REXML::Elements object for the element.
-  # #attributes:: Returns the REXML::Attributes object for the element.
-  # #context:: Returns or sets the context hash for the element.
-  #
-  class Element < Parent
-    include Namespace
-
-    UNDEFINED = "UNDEFINED";            # The default name
-
-    # Mechanisms for accessing attributes and child elements of this
-    # element.
-    attr_reader :attributes, :elements
-    # The context holds information about the processing environment, such as
-    # whitespace handling.
-    attr_accessor :context
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   Element.new(name = 'UNDEFINED', parent = nil, context = nil) -> new_element
-    #   Element.new(element, parent = nil, context = nil) -> new_element
-    #
-    # Returns a new \REXML::Element object.
-    #
-    # When no arguments are given,
-    # returns an element with name <tt>'UNDEFINED'</tt>:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new # => <UNDEFINED/>
-    #   e.class                # => REXML::Element
-    #   e.name                 # => "UNDEFINED"
-    #
-    # When only argument +name+ is given,
-    # returns an element of the given name:
-    #
-    #   REXML::Element.new('foo') # => <foo/>
-    #
-    # When only argument +element+ is given, it must be an \REXML::Element object;
-    # returns a shallow copy of the given element:
-    #
-    #   e0 = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e1 = REXML::Element.new(e0) # => <foo/>
-    #
-    # When argument +parent+ is also given, it must be an REXML::Parent object:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo', REXML::Parent.new)
-    #   e.parent # => #<REXML::Parent @parent=nil, @children=[<foo/>]>
-    #
-    # When argument +context+ is also given, it must be a hash
-    # representing the context for the element;
-    # see {Element Context}[../doc/rexml/context_rdoc.html]:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo', nil, {raw: :all})
-    #   e.context # => {:raw=>:all}
-    #
-    def initialize( arg = UNDEFINED, parent=nil, context=nil )
-      super(parent)
-
-      @elements = Elements.new(self)
-      @attributes = Attributes.new(self)
-      @context = context
-
-      if arg.kind_of? String
-        self.name = arg
-      elsif arg.kind_of? Element
-        self.name = arg.expanded_name
-        arg.attributes.each_attribute{ |attribute|
-          @attributes << Attribute.new( attribute )
-        }
-        @context = arg.context
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   inspect -> string
-    #
-    # Returns a string representation of the element.
-    #
-    # For an element with no attributes and no children, shows the element name:
-    #
-    #   REXML::Element.new.inspect # => "<UNDEFINED/>"
-    #
-    # Shows attributes, if any:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e.add_attributes({'bar' => 0, 'baz' => 1})
-    #   e.inspect # => "<foo bar='0' baz='1'/>"
-    #
-    # Shows an ellipsis (<tt>...</tt>), if there are child elements:
-    #
-    #   e.add_element(REXML::Element.new('bar'))
-    #   e.add_element(REXML::Element.new('baz'))
-    #   e.inspect # => "<foo bar='0' baz='1'> ... </>"
-    #
-    def inspect
-      rv = "<#@expanded_name"
-
-      @attributes.each_attribute do |attr|
-        rv << " "
-        attr.write( rv, 0 )
-      end
-
-      if children.size > 0
-        rv << "> ... </>"
-      else
-        rv << "/>"
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   clone -> new_element
-    #
-    # Returns a shallow copy of the element, containing the name and attributes,
-    # but not the parent or children:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e.add_attributes({'bar' => 0, 'baz' => 1})
-    #   e.clone # => <foo bar='0' baz='1'/>
-    #
-    def clone
-      self.class.new self
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   root_node -> document or element
-    #
-    # Returns the most distant ancestor of +self+.
-    #
-    # When the element is part of a document,
-    # returns the root node of the document.
-    # Note that the root node is different from the document element;
-    # in this example +a+ is document element and the root node is its parent:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<a><b><c/></b></a>')
-    #   top_element = d.first      # => <a> ... </>
-    #   child = top_element.first  # => <b> ... </>
-    #   d.root_node == d           # => true
-    #   top_element.root_node == d # => true
-    #   child.root_node == d       # => true
-    #
-    # When the element is not part of a document, but does have ancestor elements,
-    # returns the most distant ancestor element:
-    #
-    #   e0 = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e1 = REXML::Element.new('bar')
-    #   e1.parent = e0
-    #   e2 = REXML::Element.new('baz')
-    #   e2.parent = e1
-    #   e2.root_node == e0 # => true
-    #
-    # When the element has no ancestor elements,
-    # returns +self+:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e.root_node == e # => true
-    #
-    # Related: #root, #document.
-    #
-    def root_node
-      parent.nil? ? self : parent.root_node
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   root -> element
-    #
-    # Returns the most distant _element_ (not document) ancestor of the element:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<a><b><c/></b></a>')
-    #   top_element = d.first
-    #   child = top_element.first
-    #   top_element.root == top_element # => true
-    #   child.root == top_element       # => true
-    #
-    # For a document, returns the topmost element:
-    #
-    #   d.root == top_element # => true
-    #
-    # Related: #root_node, #document.
-    #
-    def root
-      target = self
-      while target
-        return target.elements[1] if target.kind_of? Document
-        parent = target.parent
-        return target if parent.kind_of? Document or parent.nil?
-        target = parent
-      end
-      nil
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   document -> document or nil
-    #
-    # If the element is part of a document, returns that document:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<a><b><c/></b></a>')
-    #   top_element = d.first
-    #   child = top_element.first
-    #   top_element.document == d # => true
-    #   child.document == d       # => true
-    #
-    # If the element is not part of a document, returns +nil+:
-    #
-    #   REXML::Element.new.document # => nil
-    #
-    # For a document, returns +self+:
-    #
-    #   d.document == d           # => true
-    #
-    # Related: #root, #root_node.
-    #
-    def document
-      rt = root
-      rt.parent if rt
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   whitespace
-    #
-    # Returns +true+ if whitespace is respected for this element,
-    # +false+ otherwise.
-    #
-    # See {Element Context}[../doc/rexml/context_rdoc.html].
-    #
-    # The evaluation is tested against the element's +expanded_name+,
-    # and so is namespace-sensitive.
-    def whitespace
-      @whitespace = nil
-      if @context
-        if @context[:respect_whitespace]
-          @whitespace = (@context[:respect_whitespace] == :all or
-                         @context[:respect_whitespace].include? expanded_name)
-        end
-        @whitespace = false if (@context[:compress_whitespace] and
-                                (@context[:compress_whitespace] == :all or
-                                 @context[:compress_whitespace].include? expanded_name)
-                               )
-      end
-      @whitespace = true unless @whitespace == false
-      @whitespace
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   ignore_whitespace_nodes
-    #
-    # Returns +true+ if whitespace nodes are ignored for the element.
-    #
-    # See {Element Context}[../doc/rexml/context_rdoc.html].
-    #
-    def ignore_whitespace_nodes
-      @ignore_whitespace_nodes = false
-      if @context
-        if @context[:ignore_whitespace_nodes]
-          @ignore_whitespace_nodes =
-            (@context[:ignore_whitespace_nodes] == :all or
-             @context[:ignore_whitespace_nodes].include? expanded_name)
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   raw
-    #
-    # Returns +true+ if raw mode is set for the element.
-    #
-    # See {Element Context}[../doc/rexml/context_rdoc.html].
-    #
-    # The evaluation is tested against +expanded_name+, and so is namespace
-    # sensitive.
-    def raw
-      @raw = (@context and @context[:raw] and
-              (@context[:raw] == :all or
-               @context[:raw].include? expanded_name))
-      @raw
-    end
-
-    #once :whitespace, :raw, :ignore_whitespace_nodes
-
-    #################################################
-    # Namespaces                                    #
-    #################################################
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   prefixes -> array_of_namespace_prefixes
-    #
-    # Returns an array of the string prefixes (names) of all defined namespaces
-    # in the element and its ancestors:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root>
-    #        <a xmlns:x='1' xmlns:y='2'>
-    #          <b/>
-    #          <c xmlns:z='3'/>
-    #        </a>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string, {compress_whitespace: :all})
-    #   d.elements['//a'].prefixes # => ["x", "y"]
-    #   d.elements['//b'].prefixes # => ["x", "y"]
-    #   d.elements['//c'].prefixes # => ["x", "y", "z"]
-    #
-    def prefixes
-      prefixes = []
-      prefixes = parent.prefixes if parent
-      prefixes |= attributes.prefixes
-      return prefixes
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #    namespaces -> array_of_namespace_names
-    #
-    # Returns a hash of all defined namespaces
-    # in the element and its ancestors:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root>
-    #        <a xmlns:x='1' xmlns:y='2'>
-    #          <b/>
-    #          <c xmlns:z='3'/>
-    #        </a>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   d.elements['//a'].namespaces # => {"x"=>"1", "y"=>"2"}
-    #   d.elements['//b'].namespaces # => {"x"=>"1", "y"=>"2"}
-    #   d.elements['//c'].namespaces # => {"x"=>"1", "y"=>"2", "z"=>"3"}
-    #
-    def namespaces
-      namespaces = {}
-      namespaces = parent.namespaces if parent
-      namespaces = namespaces.merge( attributes.namespaces )
-      return namespaces
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   namespace(prefix = nil) -> string_uri or nil
-    #
-    # Returns the string namespace URI for the element,
-    # possibly deriving from one of its ancestors.
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root>
-    #        <a xmlns='1' xmlns:y='2'>
-    #          <b/>
-    #          <c xmlns:z='3'/>
-    #        </a>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   b = d.elements['//b']
-    #   b.namespace      # => "1"
-    #   b.namespace('y') # => "2"
-    #   b.namespace('nosuch') # => nil
-    #
-    def namespace(prefix=nil)
-      if prefix.nil?
-        prefix = prefix()
-      end
-      if prefix == ''
-        prefix = "xmlns"
-      else
-        prefix = "xmlns:#{prefix}" unless prefix[0,5] == 'xmlns'
-      end
-      ns = nil
-      target = self
-      while ns.nil? and target
-        ns = target.attributes[prefix]
-        target = target.parent
-      end
-      ns = '' if ns.nil? and prefix == 'xmlns'
-      return ns
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   add_namespace(prefix, uri = nil) -> self
-    #
-    # Adds a namespace to the element; returns +self+.
-    #
-    # With the single argument +prefix+,
-    # adds a namespace using the given +prefix+ and the namespace URI:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e.add_namespace('bar')
-    #   e.namespaces # => {"xmlns"=>"bar"}
-    #
-    # With both arguments +prefix+ and +uri+ given,
-    # adds a namespace using both arguments:
-    #
-    #   e.add_namespace('baz', 'bat')
-    #   e.namespaces # => {"xmlns"=>"bar", "baz"=>"bat"}
-    #
-    def add_namespace( prefix, uri=nil )
-      unless uri
-        @attributes["xmlns"] = prefix
-      else
-        prefix = "xmlns:#{prefix}" unless prefix =~ /^xmlns:/
-        @attributes[ prefix ] = uri
-      end
-      self
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   delete_namespace(namespace = 'xmlns') -> self
-    #
-    # Removes a namespace from the element.
-    #
-    # With no argument, removes the default namespace:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new "<a xmlns:foo='bar' xmlns='twiddle'/>"
-    #   d.to_s # => "<a xmlns:foo='bar' xmlns='twiddle'/>"
-    #   d.root.delete_namespace # => <a xmlns:foo='bar'/>
-    #   d.to_s # => "<a xmlns:foo='bar'/>"
-    #
-    # With argument +namespace+, removes the specified namespace:
-    #
-    #   d.root.delete_namespace('foo')
-    #   d.to_s # => "<a/>"
-    #
-    # Does nothing if no such namespace is found:
-    #
-    #   d.root.delete_namespace('nosuch')
-    #   d.to_s # => "<a/>"
-    #
-    def delete_namespace namespace="xmlns"
-      namespace = "xmlns:#{namespace}" unless namespace == 'xmlns'
-      attribute = attributes.get_attribute(namespace)
-      attribute.remove unless attribute.nil?
-      self
-    end
-
-    #################################################
-    # Elements                                      #
-    #################################################
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   add_element(name, attributes = nil) -> new_element
-    #   add_element(element, attributes = nil) -> element
-    #
-    # Adds a child element, optionally setting attributes
-    # on the added element; returns the added element.
-    #
-    # With string argument +name+, creates a new element with that name
-    # and adds the new element as a child:
-    #
-    #   e0 = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e0.add_element('bar')
-    #   e0[0] # => <bar/>
-    #
-    #
-    # With argument +name+ and hash argument +attributes+,
-    # sets attributes on the new element:
-    #
-    #   e0.add_element('baz', {'bat' => '0', 'bam' => '1'})
-    #   e0[1] # => <baz bat='0' bam='1'/>
-    #
-    # With element argument +element+, adds that element as a child:
-    #
-    #   e0 = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e1 = REXML::Element.new('bar')
-    #   e0.add_element(e1)
-    #   e0[0] # => <bar/>
-    #
-    # With argument +element+ and hash argument +attributes+,
-    # sets attributes on the added element:
-    #
-    #   e0.add_element(e1, {'bat' => '0', 'bam' => '1'})
-    #   e0[1] # => <bar bat='0' bam='1'/>
-    #
-    def add_element element, attrs=nil
-      raise "First argument must be either an element name, or an Element object" if element.nil?
-      el = @elements.add(element)
-      attrs.each do |key, value|
-        el.attributes[key]=value
-      end       if attrs.kind_of? Hash
-      el
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   delete_element(index) -> removed_element or nil
-    #   delete_element(element) -> removed_element or nil
-    #   delete_element(xpath) -> removed_element or nil
-    #
-    # Deletes a child element.
-    #
-    # When 1-based integer argument +index+ is given,
-    # removes and returns the child element at that offset if it exists;
-    # indexing does not include text nodes;
-    # returns +nil+ if the element does not exist:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b/>text<c/></a>'
-    #   a = d.root          # => <a> ... </>
-    #   a.delete_element(1) # => <b/>
-    #   a.delete_element(1) # => <c/>
-    #   a.delete_element(1) # => nil
-    #
-    # When element argument +element+ is given,
-    # removes and returns that child element if it exists,
-    # otherwise returns +nil+:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b/>text<c/></a>'
-    #   a = d.root          # => <a> ... </>
-    #   c = a[2]            # => <c/>
-    #   a.delete_element(c) # => <c/>
-    #   a.delete_element(c) # => nil
-    #
-    # When xpath argument +xpath+ is given,
-    # removes and returns the element at xpath if it exists,
-    # otherwise returns +nil+:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b/>text<c/></a>'
-    #   a = d.root              # => <a> ... </>
-    #   a.delete_element('//c') # => <c/>
-    #   a.delete_element('//c') # => nil
-    #
-    def delete_element element
-      @elements.delete element
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   has_elements?
-    #
-    # Returns +true+ if the element has one or more element children,
-    # +false+ otherwise:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b/>text<c/></a>'
-    #   a = d.root              # => <a> ... </>
-    #   a.has_elements? # => true
-    #   b = a[0]        # => <b/>
-    #   b.has_elements? # => false
-    #
-    def has_elements?
-      !@elements.empty?
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   each_element_with_attribute(attr_name, value = nil, max = 0, xpath = nil) {|e| ... }
-    #
-    # Calls the given block with each child element that meets given criteria.
-    #
-    # When only string argument +attr_name+ is given,
-    # calls the block with each child element that has that attribute:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b id="1"/><c id="2"/><d id="1"/><e/></a>'
-    #   a = d.root
-    #   a.each_element_with_attribute('id') {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <b id='1'/>
-    #   <c id='2'/>
-    #   <d id='1'/>
-    #
-    # With argument +attr_name+ and string argument +value+ given,
-    # calls the block with each child element that has that attribute
-    # with that value:
-    #
-    #   a.each_element_with_attribute('id', '1') {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <b id='1'/>
-    #   <d id='1'/>
-    #
-    # With arguments +attr_name+, +value+, and integer argument +max+ given,
-    # calls the block with at most +max+ child elements:
-    #
-    #   a.each_element_with_attribute('id', '1', 1) {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <b id='1'/>
-    #
-    # With all arguments given, including +xpath+,
-    # calls the block with only those child elements
-    # that meet the first three criteria,
-    # and also match the given +xpath+:
-    #
-    #   a.each_element_with_attribute('id', '1', 2, '//d') {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <d id='1'/>
-    #
-    def each_element_with_attribute( key, value=nil, max=0, name=nil, &block ) # :yields: Element
-      each_with_something( proc {|child|
-        if value.nil?
-          child.attributes[key] != nil
-        else
-          child.attributes[key]==value
-        end
-      }, max, name, &block )
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   each_element_with_text(text = nil, max = 0, xpath = nil) {|e| ... }
-    #
-    # Calls the given block with each child element that meets given criteria.
-    #
-    # With no arguments, calls the block with each child element that has text:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b>b</b><c>b</c><d>d</d><e/></a>'
-    #   a = d.root
-    #   a.each_element_with_text {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <b> ... </>
-    #   <c> ... </>
-    #   <d> ... </>
-    #
-    # With the single string argument +text+,
-    # calls the block with each element that has exactly that text:
-    #
-    #   a.each_element_with_text('b') {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <b> ... </>
-    #   <c> ... </>
-    #
-    # With argument +text+ and integer argument +max+,
-    # calls the block with at most +max+ elements:
-    #
-    #   a.each_element_with_text('b', 1) {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <b> ... </>
-    #
-    # With all arguments given, including +xpath+,
-    # calls the block with only those child elements
-    # that meet the first two criteria,
-    # and also match the given +xpath+:
-    #
-    #   a.each_element_with_text('b', 2, '//c') {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <c> ... </>
-    #
-    def each_element_with_text( text=nil, max=0, name=nil, &block ) # :yields: Element
-      each_with_something( proc {|child|
-        if text.nil?
-          child.has_text?
-        else
-          child.text == text
-        end
-      }, max, name, &block )
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   each_element {|e| ... }
-    #
-    # Calls the given block with each child element:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b>b</b><c>b</c><d>d</d><e/></a>'
-    #   a = d.root
-    #   a.each_element {|e| p e }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <b> ... </>
-    #   <c> ... </>
-    #   <d> ... </>
-    #   <e/>
-    #
-    def each_element( xpath=nil, &block ) # :yields: Element
-      @elements.each( xpath, &block )
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   get_elements(xpath)
-    #
-    # Returns an array of the elements that match the given +xpath+:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #   <root>
-    #     <a level='1'>
-    #       <a level='2'/>
-    #     </a>
-    #   </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   d.root.get_elements('//a') # => [<a level='1'> ... </>, <a level='2'/>]
-    #
-    def get_elements( xpath )
-      @elements.to_a( xpath )
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   next_element
-    #
-    # Returns the next sibling that is an element if it exists,
-    # +niL+ otherwise:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b/>text<c/></a>'
-    #   d.root.elements['b'].next_element #-> <c/>
-    #   d.root.elements['c'].next_element #-> nil
-    #
-    def next_element
-      element = next_sibling
-      element = element.next_sibling until element.nil? or element.kind_of? Element
-      return element
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   previous_element
-    #
-    # Returns the previous sibling that is an element if it exists,
-    # +niL+ otherwise:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b/>text<c/></a>'
-    #   d.root.elements['c'].previous_element #-> <b/>
-    #   d.root.elements['b'].previous_element #-> nil
-    #
-    def previous_element
-      element = previous_sibling
-      element = element.previous_sibling until element.nil? or element.kind_of? Element
-      return element
-    end
-
-
-    #################################################
-    # Text                                          #
-    #################################################
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   has_text? -> true or false
-    #
-    # Returns +true+ if the element has one or more text noded,
-    # +false+ otherwise:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b/>text<c/></a>'
-    #   a = d.root
-    #   a.has_text? # => true
-    #   b = a[0]
-    #   b.has_text? # => false
-    #
-    def has_text?
-      not text().nil?
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   text(xpath = nil) -> text_string or nil
-    #
-    # Returns the text string from the first text node child
-    # in a specified element, if it exists, +nil+ otherwise.
-    #
-    # With no argument, returns the text from the first text node in +self+:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new "<p>some text <b>this is bold!</b> more text</p>"
-    #   d.root.text.class # => String
-    #   d.root.text       # => "some text "
-    #
-    # With argument +xpath+, returns text from the first text node
-    # in the element that matches +xpath+:
-    #
-    #   d.root.text(1) # => "this is bold!"
-    #
-    # Note that an element may have multiple text nodes,
-    # possibly separated by other non-text children, as above.
-    # Even so, the returned value is the string text from the first such node.
-    #
-    # Note also that the text note is retrieved by method get_text,
-    # and so is always normalized text.
-    #
-    def text( path = nil )
-      rv = get_text(path)
-      return rv.value unless rv.nil?
-      nil
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   get_text(xpath = nil) -> text_node or nil
-    #
-    # Returns the first text node child in a specified element, if it exists,
-    # +nil+ otherwise.
-    #
-    # With no argument, returns the first text node from +self+:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new "<p>some text <b>this is bold!</b> more text</p>"
-    #   d.root.get_text.class # => REXML::Text
-    #   d.root.get_text       # => "some text "
-    #
-    # With argument +xpath+, returns the first text node from the element
-    # that matches +xpath+:
-    #
-    #   d.root.get_text(1) # => "this is bold!"
-    #
-    def get_text path = nil
-      rv = nil
-      if path
-        element = @elements[ path ]
-        rv = element.get_text unless element.nil?
-      else
-        rv = @children.find { |node| node.kind_of? Text }
-      end
-      return rv
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   text = string -> string
-    #   text = nil -> nil
-    #
-    # Adds, replaces, or removes the first text node child in the element.
-    #
-    # With string argument +string+,
-    # creates a new \REXML::Text node containing that string,
-    # honoring the current settings for whitespace and row,
-    # then places the node as the first text child in the element;
-    # returns +string+.
-    #
-    # If the element has no text child, the text node is added:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a><b/></a>'
-    #   d.root.text = 'foo' #-> '<a><b/>foo</a>'
-    #
-    # If the element has a text child, it is replaced:
-    #
-    #   d.root.text = 'bar' #-> '<a><b/>bar</a>'
-    #
-    # With argument +nil+, removes the first text child:
-    #
-    #   d.root.text = nil   #-> '<a><b/><c/></a>'
-    #
-    def text=( text )
-      if text.kind_of? String
-        text = Text.new( text, whitespace(), nil, raw() )
-      elsif !text.nil? and !text.kind_of? Text
-        text = Text.new( text.to_s, whitespace(), nil, raw() )
-      end
-      old_text = get_text
-      if text.nil?
-        old_text.remove unless old_text.nil?
-      else
-        if old_text.nil?
-          self << text
-        else
-          old_text.replace_with( text )
-        end
-      end
-      return self
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   add_text(string) -> nil
-    #   add_text(text_node) -> self
-    #
-    # Adds text to the element.
-    #
-    # When string argument +string+ is given, returns +nil+.
-    #
-    # If the element has no child text node,
-    # creates a \REXML::Text object using the string,
-    # honoring the current settings for whitespace and raw,
-    # then adds that node to the element:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<a><b/></a>')
-    #   a = d.root
-    #   a.add_text('foo')
-    #   a.to_a # => [<b/>, "foo"]
-    #
-    # If the element has child text nodes,
-    # appends the string to the _last_ text node:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<a>foo<b/>bar</a>')
-    #   a = d.root
-    #   a.add_text('baz')
-    #   a.to_a # => ["foo", <b/>, "barbaz"]
-    #   a.add_text('baz')
-    #   a.to_a # => ["foo", <b/>, "barbazbaz"]
-    #
-    # When text node argument +text_node+ is given,
-    # appends the node as the last text node in the element;
-    # returns +self+:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<a>foo<b/>bar</a>')
-    #   a = d.root
-    #   a.add_text(REXML::Text.new('baz'))
-    #   a.to_a # => ["foo", <b/>, "bar", "baz"]
-    #   a.add_text(REXML::Text.new('baz'))
-    #   a.to_a # => ["foo", <b/>, "bar", "baz", "baz"]
-    #
-    def add_text( text )
-      if text.kind_of? String
-        if @children[-1].kind_of? Text
-          @children[-1] << text
-          return
-        end
-        text = Text.new( text, whitespace(), nil, raw() )
-      end
-      self << text unless text.nil?
-      return self
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   node_type -> :element
-    #
-    # Returns symbol <tt>:element</tt>:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<a/>')
-    #   a = d.root  # => <a/>
-    #   a.node_type # => :element
-    #
-    def node_type
-      :element
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   xpath -> string_xpath
-    #
-    # Returns the string xpath to the element
-    # relative to the most distant parent:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<a><b><c/></b></a>')
-    #   a = d.root # => <a> ... </>
-    #   b = a[0]   # => <b> ... </>
-    #   c = b[0]   # => <c/>
-    #   d.xpath    # => ""
-    #   a.xpath    # => "/a"
-    #   b.xpath    # => "/a/b"
-    #   c.xpath    # => "/a/b/c"
-    #
-    # If there is no parent, returns the expanded name of the element:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e.xpath    # => "foo"
-    #
-    def xpath
-      path_elements = []
-      cur = self
-      path_elements << __to_xpath_helper( self )
-      while cur.parent
-        cur = cur.parent
-        path_elements << __to_xpath_helper( cur )
-      end
-      return path_elements.reverse.join( "/" )
-    end
-
-    #################################################
-    # Attributes                                    #
-    #################################################
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   [index] -> object
-    #   [attr_name] -> attr_value
-    #   [attr_sym] -> attr_value
-    #
-    # With integer argument +index+ given,
-    # returns the child at offset +index+, or +nil+ if none:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '><root><a/>text<b/>more<c/></root>'
-    #   root = d.root
-    #   (0..root.size).each do |index|
-    #     node = root[index]
-    #     p "#{index}: #{node} (#{node.class})"
-    #   end
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   "0: <a/> (REXML::Element)"
-    #   "1: text (REXML::Text)"
-    #   "2: <b/> (REXML::Element)"
-    #   "3: more (REXML::Text)"
-    #   "4: <c/> (REXML::Element)"
-    #   "5:  (NilClass)"
-    #
-    # With string argument +attr_name+ given,
-    # returns the string value for the given attribute name if it exists,
-    # otherwise +nil+:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<root attr="value"></root>')
-    #   root = d.root
-    #   root['attr']   # => "value"
-    #   root['nosuch'] # => nil
-    #
-    # With symbol argument +attr_sym+ given,
-    # returns <tt>[attr_sym.to_s]</tt>:
-    #
-    #   root[:attr]   # => "value"
-    #   root[:nosuch] # => nil
-    #
-    def [](name_or_index)
-      case name_or_index
-      when String
-        attributes[name_or_index]
-      when Symbol
-        attributes[name_or_index.to_s]
-      else
-        super
-      end
-    end
-
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   attribute(name, namespace = nil)
-    #
-    # Returns the string value for the given attribute name.
-    #
-    # With only argument +name+ given,
-    # returns the value of the named attribute if it exists, otherwise +nil+:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns="ns0">
-    #       <a xmlns="ns1" attr="value"></a>
-    #       <b xmlns="ns2" attr="value"></b>
-    #       <c attr="value"/>
-    #    </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   root = d.root
-    #   a = root[1] # => <a xmlns='ns1' attr='value'/>
-    #   a.attribute('attr') # => attr='value'
-    #   a.attribute('nope') # => nil
-    #
-    # With arguments +name+ and +namespace+ given,
-    # returns the value of the named attribute if it exists, otherwise +nil+:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = "<root xmlns:a='a' a:x='a:x' x='x'/>"
-    #   document = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   document.root.attribute("x")      # => x='x'
-    #   document.root.attribute("x", "a") # => a:x='a:x'
-    #
-    def attribute( name, namespace=nil )
-      prefix = namespaces.key(namespace) if namespace
-      prefix = nil if prefix == 'xmlns'
-
-      ret_val =
-        attributes.get_attribute( prefix ? "#{prefix}:#{name}" : name )
-
-      return ret_val unless ret_val.nil?
-      return nil if prefix.nil?
-
-      # now check that prefix'es namespace is not the same as the
-      # default namespace
-      return nil unless ( namespaces[ prefix ] == namespaces[ 'xmlns' ] )
-
-      attributes.get_attribute( name )
-
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   has_attributes? -> true or false
-    #
-    # Returns +true+ if the element has attributes, +false+ otherwise:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('<root><a attr="val"/><b/></root>')
-    #   a, b = *d.root
-    #   a.has_attributes? # => true
-    #   b.has_attributes? # => false
-    #
-    def has_attributes?
-      return !@attributes.empty?
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   add_attribute(name, value) -> value
-    #   add_attribute(attribute) -> attribute
-    #
-    # Adds an attribute to this element, overwriting any existing attribute
-    # by the same name.
-    #
-    # With string argument +name+ and object +value+ are given,
-    # adds the attribute created with that name and value:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new
-    #   e.add_attribute('attr', 'value') # => "value"
-    #   e['attr'] # => "value"
-    #   e.add_attribute('attr', 'VALUE') # => "VALUE"
-    #   e['attr'] # => "VALUE"
-    #
-    # With only attribute object +attribute+ given,
-    # adds the given attribute:
-    #
-    #   a = REXML::Attribute.new('attr', 'value')
-    #   e.add_attribute(a) # => attr='value'
-    #   e['attr'] # => "value"
-    #   a = REXML::Attribute.new('attr', 'VALUE')
-    #   e.add_attribute(a) # => attr='VALUE'
-    #   e['attr'] # => "VALUE"
-    #
-    def add_attribute( key, value=nil )
-      if key.kind_of? Attribute
-        @attributes << key
-      else
-        @attributes[key] = value
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   add_attributes(hash) -> hash
-    #   add_attributes(array)
-    #
-    # Adds zero or more attributes to the element;
-    # returns the argument.
-    #
-    # If hash argument +hash+ is given,
-    # each key must be a string;
-    # adds each attribute created with the key/value pair:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new
-    #   h = {'foo' => 'bar', 'baz' => 'bat'}
-    #   e.add_attributes(h)
-    #
-    # If argument +array+ is given,
-    # each array member must be a 2-element array <tt>[name, value];
-    # each name must be a string:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new
-    #   a = [['foo' => 'bar'], ['baz' => 'bat']]
-    #   e.add_attributes(a)
-    #
-    def add_attributes hash
-      if hash.kind_of? Hash
-        hash.each_pair {|key, value| @attributes[key] = value }
-      elsif hash.kind_of? Array
-        hash.each { |value| @attributes[ value[0] ] = value[1] }
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   delete_attribute(name) -> removed_attribute or nil
-    #
-    # Removes a named attribute if it exists;
-    # returns the removed attribute if found, otherwise +nil+:
-    #
-    #   e = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e.add_attribute('bar', 'baz')
-    #   e.delete_attribute('bar') # => <bar/>
-    #   e.delete_attribute('bar') # => nil
-    #
-    def delete_attribute(key)
-      attr = @attributes.get_attribute(key)
-      attr.remove unless attr.nil?
-    end
-
-    #################################################
-    # Other Utilities                               #
-    #################################################
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   cdatas -> array_of_cdata_children
-    #
-    # Returns a frozen array of the REXML::CData children of the element:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root>
-    #       <![CDATA[foo]]>
-    #       <![CDATA[bar]]>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   cds = d.root.cdatas      # => ["foo", "bar"]
-    #   cds.frozen?              # => true
-    #   cds.map {|cd| cd.class } # => [REXML::CData, REXML::CData]
-    #
-    def cdatas
-      find_all { |child| child.kind_of? CData }.freeze
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   comments -> array_of_comment_children
-    #
-    # Returns a frozen array of the REXML::Comment children of the element:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root>
-    #       <!--foo-->
-    #       <!--bar-->
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   cs = d.root.comments
-    #   cs.frozen?            # => true
-    #   cs.map {|c| c.class } # => [REXML::Comment, REXML::Comment]
-    #   cs.map {|c| c.to_s }  # => ["foo", "bar"]
-    #
-    def comments
-      find_all { |child| child.kind_of? Comment }.freeze
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   instructions -> array_of_instruction_children
-    #
-    # Returns a frozen array of the REXML::Instruction children of the element:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root>
-    #       <?target0 foo?>
-    #       <?target1 bar?>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   is = d.root.instructions
-    #   is.frozen?             # => true
-    #   is.map {|i| i.class } # => [REXML::Instruction, REXML::Instruction]
-    #   is.map {|i| i.to_s }  # => ["<?target0 foo?>", "<?target1 bar?>"]
-    #
-    def instructions
-      find_all { |child| child.kind_of? Instruction }.freeze
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   texts -> array_of_text_children
-    #
-    # Returns a frozen array of the REXML::Text children of the element:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = '<root><a/>text<b/>more<c/></root>'
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ts = d.root.texts
-    #   ts.frozen?            # => true
-    #   ts.map {|t| t.class } # => [REXML::Text, REXML::Text]
-    #   ts.map {|t| t.to_s }  # => ["text", "more"]
-    #
-    def texts
-      find_all { |child| child.kind_of? Text }.freeze
-    end
-
-    # == DEPRECATED
-    # See REXML::Formatters
-    #
-    # Writes out this element, and recursively, all children.
-    # output::
-    #     output an object which supports '<< string'; this is where the
-    #   document will be written.
-    # indent::
-    #   An integer.  If -1, no indenting will be used; otherwise, the
-    #   indentation will be this number of spaces, and children will be
-    #   indented an additional amount.  Defaults to -1
-    # transitive::
-    #   If transitive is true and indent is >= 0, then the output will be
-    #   pretty-printed in such a way that the added whitespace does not affect
-    #   the parse tree of the document
-    # ie_hack::
-    #   This hack inserts a space before the /> on empty tags to address
-    #   a limitation of Internet Explorer.  Defaults to false
-    #
-    #  out = ''
-    #  doc.write( out )     #-> doc is written to the string 'out'
-    #  doc.write( $stdout ) #-> doc written to the console
-    def write(output=$stdout, indent=-1, transitive=false, ie_hack=false)
-      Kernel.warn("#{self.class.name}.write is deprecated.  See REXML::Formatters", uplevel: 1)
-      formatter = if indent > -1
-          if transitive
-            require_relative "formatters/transitive"
-            REXML::Formatters::Transitive.new( indent, ie_hack )
-          else
-            REXML::Formatters::Pretty.new( indent, ie_hack )
-          end
-        else
-          REXML::Formatters::Default.new( ie_hack )
-        end
-      formatter.write( self, output )
-    end
-
-
-    private
-    def __to_xpath_helper node
-      rv = node.expanded_name.clone
-      if node.parent
-        results = node.parent.find_all {|n|
-          n.kind_of?(REXML::Element) and n.expanded_name == node.expanded_name
-        }
-        if results.length > 1
-          idx = results.index( node )
-          rv << "[#{idx+1}]"
-        end
-      end
-      rv
-    end
-
-    # A private helper method
-    def each_with_something( test, max=0, name=nil )
-      num = 0
-      @elements.each( name ){ |child|
-        yield child if test.call(child) and num += 1
-        return if max>0 and num == max
-      }
-    end
-  end
-
-  ########################################################################
-  # ELEMENTS                                                             #
-  ########################################################################
-
-  # A class which provides filtering of children for Elements, and
-  # XPath search support.  You are expected to only encounter this class as
-  # the <tt>element.elements</tt> object.  Therefore, you are
-  # _not_ expected to instantiate this yourself.
-  #
-  #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-  #   <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
-  #   <bookstore>
-  #     <book category="cooking">
-  #       <title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
-  #       <author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>
-  #       <year>2005</year>
-  #       <price>30.00</price>
-  #     </book>
-  #     <book category="children">
-  #       <title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
-  #       <author>J K. Rowling</author>
-  #       <year>2005</year>
-  #       <price>29.99</price>
-  #     </book>
-  #     <book category="web">
-  #       <title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>
-  #       <author>James McGovern</author>
-  #       <author>Per Bothner</author>
-  #       <author>Kurt Cagle</author>
-  #       <author>James Linn</author>
-  #       <author>Vaidyanathan Nagarajan</author>
-  #       <year>2003</year>
-  #       <price>49.99</price>
-  #     </book>
-  #     <book category="web" cover="paperback">
-  #       <title lang="en">Learning XML</title>
-  #       <author>Erik T. Ray</author>
-  #       <year>2003</year>
-  #       <price>39.95</price>
-  #     </book>
-  #   </bookstore>
-  #   EOT
-  #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-  #   elements = d.root.elements
-  #   elements # => #<REXML::Elements @element=<bookstore> ... </>>
-  #
-  class Elements
-    include Enumerable
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   new(parent) -> new_elements_object
-    #
-    # Returns a new \Elements object with the given +parent+.
-    # Does _not_ assign <tt>parent.elements = self</tt>:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   eles = REXML::Elements.new(d.root)
-    #   eles # => #<REXML::Elements @element=<bookstore> ... </>>
-    #   eles == d.root.elements # => false
-    #
-    def initialize parent
-      @element = parent
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   parent
-    #
-    # Returns the parent element cited in creating the \Elements object.
-    # This element is also the default starting point for searching
-    # in the \Elements object.
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = REXML::Elements.new(d.root)
-    #   elements.parent == d.root # => true
-    #
-    def parent
-      @element
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   elements[index] -> element or nil
-    #   elements[xpath] -> element or nil
-    #   elements[n, name] -> element or nil
-    #
-    # Returns the first \Element object selected by the arguments,
-    # if any found, or +nil+ if none found.
-    #
-    # Notes:
-    # - The +index+ is 1-based, not 0-based, so that:
-    #   - The first element has index <tt>1</tt>
-    #   - The _nth_ element has index +n+.
-    # - The selection ignores non-\Element nodes.
-    #
-    # When the single argument +index+ is given,
-    # returns the element given by the index, if any; otherwise, +nil+:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   eles = d.root.elements
-    #   eles # => #<REXML::Elements @element=<bookstore> ... </>>
-    #   eles[1] # => <book category='cooking'> ... </>
-    #   eles.size # => 4
-    #   eles[4] # => <book category='web' cover='paperback'> ... </>
-    #   eles[5] # => nil
-    #
-    # The node at this index is not an \Element, and so is not returned:
-    #
-    #   eles = d.root.first.first # => <title lang='en'> ... </>
-    #   eles.to_a # => ["Everyday Italian"]
-    #   eles[1] # => nil
-    #
-    # When the single argument +xpath+ is given,
-    # returns the first element found via that +xpath+, if any; otherwise, +nil+:
-    #
-    #   eles = d.root.elements # => #<REXML::Elements @element=<bookstore> ... </>>
-    #   eles['/bookstore']                    # => <bookstore> ... </>
-    #   eles['//book']                        # => <book category='cooking'> ... </>
-    #   eles['//book [@category="children"]'] # => <book category='children'> ... </>
-    #   eles['/nosuch']                       # => nil
-    #   eles['//nosuch']                      # => nil
-    #   eles['//book [@category="nosuch"]']   # => nil
-    #   eles['.']                             # => <bookstore> ... </>
-    #   eles['..'].class                      # => REXML::Document
-    #
-    # With arguments +n+ and +name+ given,
-    # returns the _nth_ found element that has the given +name+,
-    # or +nil+ if there is no such _nth_ element:
-    #
-    #   eles = d.root.elements # => #<REXML::Elements @element=<bookstore> ... </>>
-    #   eles[1, 'book'] # => <book category='cooking'> ... </>
-    #   eles[4, 'book'] # => <book category='web' cover='paperback'> ... </>
-    #   eles[5, 'book'] # => nil
-    #
-    def []( index, name=nil)
-      if index.kind_of? Integer
-        raise "index (#{index}) must be >= 1" if index < 1
-        name = literalize(name) if name
-        num = 0
-        @element.find { |child|
-          child.kind_of? Element and
-          (name.nil? ? true : child.has_name?( name )) and
-          (num += 1) == index
-        }
-      else
-        return XPath::first( @element, index )
-        #{ |element|
-        #       return element if element.kind_of? Element
-        #}
-        #return nil
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #  elements[] = index, replacement_element -> replacement_element or nil
-    #
-    # Replaces or adds an element.
-    #
-    # When <tt>eles[index]</tt> exists, replaces it with +replacement_element+
-    # and returns +replacement_element+:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   eles = d.root.elements # => #<REXML::Elements @element=<bookstore> ... </>>
-    #   eles[1] # => <book category='cooking'> ... </>
-    #   eles[1] = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   eles[1] # => <foo/>
-    #
-    # Does nothing (or raises an exception)
-    # if +replacement_element+ is not an \Element:
-    #   eles[2] # => <book category='web' cover='paperback'> ... </>
-    #   eles[2] = REXML::Text.new('bar')
-    #   eles[2] # => <book category='web' cover='paperback'> ... </>
-    #
-    # When <tt>eles[index]</tt> does not exist,
-    # adds +replacement_element+ to the element and returns
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   eles = d.root.elements # => #<REXML::Elements @element=<bookstore> ... </>>
-    #   eles.size # => 4
-    #   eles[50] = REXML::Element.new('foo') # => <foo/>
-    #   eles.size # => 5
-    #   eles[5] # => <foo/>
-    #
-    # Does nothing (or raises an exception)
-    # if +replacement_element+ is not an \Element:
-    #
-    #   eles[50] = REXML::Text.new('bar') # => "bar"
-    #   eles.size # => 5
-    #
-    def []=( index, element )
-      previous = self[index]
-      if previous.nil?
-        @element.add element
-      else
-        previous.replace_with element
-      end
-      return previous
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   empty? -> true or false
-    #
-    # Returns +true+ if there are no children, +false+ otherwise.
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new('')
-    #   d.elements.empty? # => true
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   d.elements.empty? # => false
-    #
-    def empty?
-      @element.find{ |child| child.kind_of? Element}.nil?
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   index(element)
-    #
-    # Returns the 1-based index of the given +element+, if found;
-    # otherwise, returns -1:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   ele_1, ele_2, ele_3, ele_4 = *elements
-    #   elements.index(ele_4) # => 4
-    #   elements.delete(ele_3)
-    #   elements.index(ele_4) # => 3
-    #   elements.index(ele_3) # => -1
-    #
-    def index element
-      rv = 0
-      found = @element.find do |child|
-        child.kind_of? Element and
-        (rv += 1) and
-        child == element
-      end
-      return rv if found == element
-      return -1
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   delete(index) -> removed_element or nil
-    #   delete(element) -> removed_element or nil
-    #   delete(xpath) -> removed_element or nil
-    #
-    # Removes an element; returns the removed element, or +nil+ if none removed.
-    #
-    # With integer argument +index+ given,
-    # removes the child element at that offset:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   elements.size # => 4
-    #   elements[2] # => <book category='children'> ... </>
-    #   elements.delete(2) # => <book category='children'> ... </>
-    #   elements.size # => 3
-    #   elements[2] # => <book category='web'> ... </>
-    #   elements.delete(50) # => nil
-    #
-    # With element argument +element+ given,
-    # removes that child element:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   ele_1, ele_2, ele_3, ele_4 = *elements
-    #   elements.size # => 4
-    #   elements[2] # => <book category='children'> ... </>
-    #   elements.delete(ele_2) # => <book category='children'> ... </>
-    #   elements.size # => 3
-    #   elements[2] # => <book category='web'> ... </>
-    #   elements.delete(ele_2) # => nil
-    #
-    # With string argument +xpath+ given,
-    # removes the first element found via that xpath:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   elements.delete('//book') # => <book category='cooking'> ... </>
-    #   elements.delete('//book [@category="children"]') # => <book category='children'> ... </>
-    #   elements.delete('//nosuch') # => nil
-    #
-    def delete element
-      if element.kind_of? Element
-        @element.delete element
-      else
-        el = self[element]
-        el.remove if el
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   delete_all(xpath)
-    #
-    # Removes all elements found via the given +xpath+;
-    # returns the array of removed elements, if any, else +nil+.
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   elements.size # => 4
-    #   deleted_elements = elements.delete_all('//book [@category="web"]')
-    #   deleted_elements.size # => 2
-    #   elements.size # => 2
-    #   deleted_elements = elements.delete_all('//book')
-    #   deleted_elements.size # => 2
-    #   elements.size # => 0
-    #   elements.delete_all('//book') # => []
-    #
-    def delete_all( xpath )
-      rv = []
-      XPath::each( @element, xpath) {|element|
-        rv << element if element.kind_of? Element
-      }
-      rv.each do |element|
-        @element.delete element
-        element.remove
-      end
-      return rv
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   add -> new_element
-    #   add(name) -> new_element
-    #   add(element) -> element
-    #
-    # Adds an element; returns the element added.
-    #
-    # With no argument, creates and adds a new element.
-    # The new element has:
-    #
-    # - No name.
-    # - \Parent from the \Elements object.
-    # - Context from the that parent.
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   parent = elements.parent     # => <bookstore> ... </>
-    #   parent.context = {raw: :all}
-    #   elements.size                # => 4
-    #   new_element = elements.add   # => </>
-    #   elements.size                # => 5
-    #   new_element.name             # => nil
-    #   new_element.parent           # => <bookstore> ... </>
-    #   new_element.context          # => {:raw=>:all}
-    #
-    # With string argument +name+, creates and adds a new element.
-    # The new element has:
-    #
-    # - Name +name+.
-    # - \Parent from the \Elements object.
-    # - Context from the that parent.
-    #
-    # Example:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   parent = elements.parent          # => <bookstore> ... </>
-    #   parent.context = {raw: :all}
-    #   elements.size                     # => 4
-    #   new_element = elements.add('foo') # => <foo/>
-    #   elements.size                     # => 5
-    #   new_element.name                  # => "foo"
-    #   new_element.parent                # => <bookstore> ... </>
-    #   new_element.context               # => {:raw=>:all}
-    #
-    # With argument +element+,
-    # creates and adds a clone of the given +element+.
-    # The new element has name, parent, and context from the given +element+.
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   elements.size                 # => 4
-    #   e0 = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   e1 = REXML::Element.new('bar', e0, {raw: :all})
-    #   element = elements.add(e1) # => <bar/>
-    #   elements.size                 # => 5
-    #   element.name                  # => "bar"
-    #   element.parent                # => <bookstore> ... </>
-    #   element.context               # => {:raw=>:all}
-    #
-    def add element=nil
-      if element.nil?
-        Element.new("", self, @element.context)
-      elsif not element.kind_of?(Element)
-        Element.new(element, self, @element.context)
-      else
-        @element << element
-        element.context = @element.context
-        element
-      end
-    end
-
-    alias :<< :add
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #    each(xpath = nil) {|element| ... } -> self
-    #
-    # Iterates over the elements.
-    #
-    # With no argument, calls the block with each element:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   elements.each {|element| p element }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <book category='cooking'> ... </>
-    #   <book category='children'> ... </>
-    #   <book category='web'> ... </>
-    #   <book category='web' cover='paperback'> ... </>
-    #
-    # With argument +xpath+, calls the block with each element
-    # that matches the given +xpath+:
-    #
-    #   elements.each('//book [@category="web"]') {|element| p element }
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   <book category='web'> ... </>
-    #   <book category='web' cover='paperback'> ... </>
-    #
-    def each( xpath=nil )
-      XPath::each( @element, xpath ) {|e| yield e if e.kind_of? Element }
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   collect(xpath = nil) {|element| ... } -> array
-    #
-    # Iterates over the elements; returns the array of block return values.
-    #
-    # With no argument, iterates over all elements:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   elements.collect {|element| element.size } # => [9, 9, 17, 9]
-    #
-    # With argument +xpath+, iterates over elements that match
-    # the given +xpath+:
-    #
-    #   xpath = '//book [@category="web"]'
-    #   elements.collect(xpath) {|element| element.size } # => [17, 9]
-    #
-    def collect( xpath=nil )
-      collection = []
-      XPath::each( @element, xpath ) {|e|
-        collection << yield(e)  if e.kind_of?(Element)
-      }
-      collection
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   inject(xpath = nil, initial = nil) -> object
-    #
-    # Calls the block with elements; returns the last block return value.
-    #
-    # With no argument, iterates over the elements, calling the block
-    # <tt>elements.size - 1</tt> times.
-    #
-    # - The first call passes the first and second elements.
-    # - The second call passes the first block return value and the third element.
-    # - The third call passes the second block return value and the fourth element.
-    # - And so on.
-    #
-    # In this example, the block returns the passed element,
-    # which is then the object argument to the next call:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   elements.inject do |object, element|
-    #     p [elements.index(object), elements.index(element)]
-    #     element
-    #   end
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   [1, 2]
-    #   [2, 3]
-    #   [3, 4]
-    #
-    # With the single argument +xpath+, calls the block only with
-    # elements matching that xpath:
-    #
-    #   elements.inject('//book [@category="web"]') do |object, element|
-    #     p [elements.index(object), elements.index(element)]
-    #     element
-    #   end
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #  [3, 4]
-    #
-    # With argument +xpath+ given as +nil+
-    # and argument +initial+ also given,
-    # calls the block once for each element.
-    #
-    # - The first call passes the +initial+ and the first element.
-    # - The second call passes the first block return value and the second element.
-    # - The third call passes the second block return value and the third element.
-    # - And so on.
-    #
-    # In this example, the first object index is <tt>-1</tt>
-    #
-    #   elements.inject(nil, 'Initial') do |object, element|
-    #     p [elements.index(object), elements.index(element)]
-    #     element
-    #   end
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   [-1, 1]
-    #   [1, 2]
-    #   [2, 3]
-    #   [3, 4]
-    #
-    # In this form the passed object can be used as an accumulator:
-    #
-    #   elements.inject(nil, 0) do |total, element|
-    #     total += element.size
-    #   end # => 44
-    #
-    # With both arguments +xpath+ and +initial+ are given,
-    # calls the block only with elements matching that xpath:
-    #
-    #   elements.inject('//book [@category="web"]', 0) do |total, element|
-    #     total += element.size
-    #   end # => 26
-    #
-    def inject( xpath=nil, initial=nil )
-      first = true
-      XPath::each( @element, xpath ) {|e|
-        if (e.kind_of? Element)
-          if (first and initial == nil)
-            initial = e
-            first = false
-          else
-            initial = yield( initial, e ) if e.kind_of? Element
-          end
-        end
-      }
-      initial
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   size -> integer
-    #
-    # Returns the count of \Element children:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a>sean<b/>elliott<b/>russell<b/></a>'
-    #   d.root.elements.size # => 3 # Three elements.
-    #   d.root.size          # => 6 # Three elements plus three text nodes..
-    #
-    def size
-      count = 0
-      @element.each {|child| count+=1 if child.kind_of? Element }
-      count
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   to_a(xpath = nil) -> array_of_elements
-    #
-    # Returns an array of element children (not including non-element children).
-    #
-    # With no argument, returns an array of all element children:
-    #
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new '<a>sean<b/>elliott<c/></a>'
-    #   elements = d.root.elements
-    #   elements.to_a # => [<b/>, <c/>]               # Omits non-element children.
-    #   children = d.root.children
-    #   children # => ["sean", <b/>, "elliott", <c/>] # Includes non-element children.
-    #
-    # With argument +xpath+, returns an array of element children
-    # that match the xpath:
-    #
-    #   elements.to_a('//c') # => [<c/>]
-    #
-    def to_a( xpath=nil )
-      rv = XPath.match( @element, xpath )
-      return rv.find_all{|e| e.kind_of? Element} if xpath
-      rv
-    end
-
-    private
-    # Private helper class.  Removes quotes from quoted strings
-    def literalize name
-      name = name[1..-2] if name[0] == ?' or name[0] == ?"               #'
-      name
-    end
-  end
-
-  ########################################################################
-  # ATTRIBUTES                                                           #
-  ########################################################################
-
-  # A class that defines the set of Attributes of an Element and provides
-  # operations for accessing elements in that set.
-  class Attributes < Hash
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   new(element)
-    #
-    # Creates and returns a new \REXML::Attributes object.
-    # The element given by argument +element+ is stored,
-    # but its own attributes are not modified:
-    #
-    #   ele = REXML::Element.new('foo')
-    #   attrs = REXML::Attributes.new(ele)
-    #   attrs.object_id == ele.attributes.object_id # => false
-    #
-    # Other instance methods in class \REXML::Attributes may refer to:
-    #
-    # - +element.document+.
-    # - +element.prefix+.
-    # - +element.expanded_name+.
-    #
-    def initialize element
-      @element = element
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   [name] -> attribute_value or nil
-    #
-    # Returns the value for the attribute given by +name+,
-    # if it exists; otherwise +nil+.
-    # The value returned is the unnormalized attribute value,
-    # with entities expanded:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.elements['//ele'] # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   ele.attributes['att']     # => "<"
-    #   ele.attributes['bar:att'] # => "2"
-    #   ele.attributes['nosuch']  # => nil
-    #
-    # Related: get_attribute (returns an \Attribute object).
-    #
-    def [](name)
-      attr = get_attribute(name)
-      return attr.value unless attr.nil?
-      return nil
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   to_a -> array_of_attribute_objects
-    #
-    # Returns an array of \REXML::Attribute objects representing
-    # the attributes:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele']   # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs = ele.attributes.to_a      # => [foo:att='1', bar:att='2', att='&lt;']
-    #   attrs.first.class                # => REXML::Attribute
-    #
-    def to_a
-      enum_for(:each_attribute).to_a
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   length
-    #
-    # Returns the count of attributes:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele']   # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   ele.attributes.length # => 3
-    #
-    def length
-      c = 0
-      each_attribute { c+=1 }
-      c
-    end
-    alias :size :length
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   each_attribute {|attr| ... }
-    #
-    # Calls the given block with each \REXML::Attribute object:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele']   # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   ele.attributes.each_attribute do |attr|
-    #     p [attr.class, attr]
-    #   end
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   [REXML::Attribute, foo:att='1']
-    #   [REXML::Attribute, bar:att='2']
-    #   [REXML::Attribute, att='&lt;']
-    #
-    def each_attribute # :yields: attribute
-      return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
-      each_value do |val|
-        if val.kind_of? Attribute
-          yield val
-        else
-          val.each_value { |atr| yield atr }
-        end
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   each {|expanded_name, value| ... }
-    #
-    # Calls the given block with each expanded-name/value pair:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele']   # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   ele.attributes.each do |expanded_name, value|
-    #     p [expanded_name, value]
-    #   end
-    #
-    # Output:
-    #
-    #   ["foo:att", "1"]
-    #   ["bar:att", "2"]
-    #   ["att", "<"]
-    #
-    def each
-      return to_enum(__method__) unless block_given?
-      each_attribute do |attr|
-        yield [attr.expanded_name, attr.value]
-      end
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   get_attribute(name) -> attribute_object or nil
-    #
-    # Returns the \REXML::Attribute object for the given +name+:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele'] # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs = ele.attributes
-    #   attrs.get_attribute('foo:att')       # => foo:att='1'
-    #   attrs.get_attribute('foo:att').class # => REXML::Attribute
-    #   attrs.get_attribute('bar:att')       # => bar:att='2'
-    #   attrs.get_attribute('att')           # => att='&lt;'
-    #   attrs.get_attribute('nosuch')        # => nil
-    #
-    def get_attribute( name )
-      attr = fetch( name, nil )
-      if attr.nil?
-        return nil if name.nil?
-        # Look for prefix
-        name =~ Namespace::NAMESPLIT
-        prefix, n = $1, $2
-        if prefix
-          attr = fetch( n, nil )
-          # check prefix
-          if attr == nil
-          elsif attr.kind_of? Attribute
-            return attr if prefix == attr.prefix
-          else
-            attr = attr[ prefix ]
-            return attr
-          end
-        end
-        element_document = @element.document
-        if element_document and element_document.doctype
-          expn = @element.expanded_name
-          expn = element_document.doctype.name if expn.size == 0
-          attr_val = element_document.doctype.attribute_of(expn, name)
-          return Attribute.new( name, attr_val ) if attr_val
-        end
-        return nil
-      end
-      if attr.kind_of? Hash
-        attr = attr[ @element.prefix ]
-      end
-      return attr
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   [name] = value -> value
-    #
-    # When +value+ is non-+nil+,
-    # assigns that to the attribute for the given +name+,
-    # overwriting the previous value if it exists:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele'] # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs = ele.attributes
-    #   attrs['foo:att'] = '2' # => "2"
-    #   attrs['baz:att'] = '3' # => "3"
-    #
-    # When +value+ is +nil+, deletes the attribute if it exists:
-    #
-    #   attrs['baz:att'] = nil
-    #   attrs.include?('baz:att') # => false
-    #
-    def []=( name, value )
-      if value.nil?             # Delete the named attribute
-        attr = get_attribute(name)
-        delete attr
-        return
-      end
-
-      unless value.kind_of? Attribute
-        if @element.document and @element.document.doctype
-          value = Text::normalize( value, @element.document.doctype )
-        else
-          value = Text::normalize( value, nil )
-        end
-        value = Attribute.new(name, value)
-      end
-      value.element = @element
-      old_attr = fetch(value.name, nil)
-      if old_attr.nil?
-        store(value.name, value)
-      elsif old_attr.kind_of? Hash
-        old_attr[value.prefix] = value
-      elsif old_attr.prefix != value.prefix
-        store value.name, {old_attr.prefix => old_attr,
-                           value.prefix    => value}
-      else
-        store value.name, value
-      end
-      return @element
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   prefixes -> array_of_prefix_strings
-    #
-    # Returns an array of prefix strings in the attributes.
-    # The array does not include the default
-    # namespace declaration, if one exists.
-    #
-    #   xml_string = '<a xmlns="foo" xmlns:x="bar" xmlns:y="twee" z="glorp"/>'
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   d.root.attributes.prefixes # => ["x", "y"]
-    #
-    def prefixes
-      ns = []
-      each_attribute do |attribute|
-        ns << attribute.name if attribute.prefix == 'xmlns'
-      end
-      if @element.document and @element.document.doctype
-        expn = @element.expanded_name
-        expn = @element.document.doctype.name if expn.size == 0
-        @element.document.doctype.attributes_of(expn).each {
-          |attribute|
-          ns << attribute.name if attribute.prefix == 'xmlns'
-        }
-      end
-      ns
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   namespaces
-    #
-    # Returns a hash of name/value pairs for the namespaces:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = '<a xmlns="foo" xmlns:x="bar" xmlns:y="twee" z="glorp"/>'
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   d.root.attributes.namespaces # => {"xmlns"=>"foo", "x"=>"bar", "y"=>"twee"}
-    #
-    def namespaces
-      namespaces = {}
-      each_attribute do |attribute|
-        namespaces[attribute.name] = attribute.value if attribute.prefix == 'xmlns' or attribute.name == 'xmlns'
-      end
-      if @element.document and @element.document.doctype
-        expn = @element.expanded_name
-        expn = @element.document.doctype.name if expn.size == 0
-        @element.document.doctype.attributes_of(expn).each {
-          |attribute|
-          namespaces[attribute.name] = attribute.value if attribute.prefix == 'xmlns' or attribute.name == 'xmlns'
-        }
-      end
-      namespaces
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #    delete(name) -> element
-    #    delete(attribute) -> element
-    #
-    # Removes a specified attribute if it exists;
-    # returns the attributes' element.
-    #
-    # When string argument +name+ is given,
-    # removes the attribute of that name if it exists:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele'] # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs = ele.attributes
-    #   attrs.delete('foo:att') # => <ele bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs.delete('foo:att') # => <ele bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #
-    # When attribute argument +attribute+ is given,
-    # removes that attribute if it exists:
-    #
-    #   attr = REXML::Attribute.new('bar:att', '2')
-    #   attrs.delete(attr) # => <ele att='&lt;'/> # => <ele att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs.delete(attr) # => <ele att='&lt;'/> # => <ele/>
-    #
-    def delete( attribute )
-      name = nil
-      prefix = nil
-      if attribute.kind_of? Attribute
-        name = attribute.name
-        prefix = attribute.prefix
-      else
-        attribute =~ Namespace::NAMESPLIT
-        prefix, name = $1, $2
-        prefix = '' unless prefix
-      end
-      old = fetch(name, nil)
-      if old.kind_of? Hash # the supplied attribute is one of many
-        old.delete(prefix)
-        if old.size == 1
-          repl = nil
-          old.each_value{|v| repl = v}
-          store name, repl
-        end
-      elsif old.nil?
-        return @element
-      else # the supplied attribute is a top-level one
-        super(name)
-      end
-      @element
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   add(attribute) -> attribute
-    #
-    # Adds attribute +attribute+, replacing the previous
-    # attribute of the same name if it exists;
-    # returns +attribute+:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele'] # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs = ele.attributes
-    #   attrs # => {"att"=>{"foo"=>foo:att='1', "bar"=>bar:att='2', ""=>att='&lt;'}}
-    #   attrs.add(REXML::Attribute.new('foo:att', '2')) # => foo:att='2'
-    #   attrs.add(REXML::Attribute.new('baz', '3')) # => baz='3'
-    #   attrs.include?('baz') # => true
-    #
-    def add( attribute )
-      self[attribute.name] = attribute
-    end
-
-    alias :<< :add
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   delete_all(name) -> array_of_removed_attributes
-    #
-    # Removes all attributes matching the given +name+;
-    # returns an array of the removed attributes:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele'] # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs = ele.attributes
-    #   attrs.delete_all('att') # => [att='&lt;']
-    #
-    def delete_all( name )
-      rv = []
-      each_attribute { |attribute|
-        rv << attribute if attribute.expanded_name == name
-      }
-      rv.each{ |attr| attr.remove }
-      return rv
-    end
-
-    # :call-seq:
-    #   get_attribute_ns(namespace, name)
-    #
-    # Returns the \REXML::Attribute object among the attributes
-    # that matches the given +namespace+ and +name+:
-    #
-    #   xml_string = <<-EOT
-    #     <root xmlns:foo="http://foo" xmlns:bar="http://bar">
-    #        <ele foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #     </root>
-    #   EOT
-    #   d = REXML::Document.new(xml_string)
-    #   ele = d.root.elements['//ele'] # => <a foo:att='1' bar:att='2' att='&lt;'/>
-    #   attrs = ele.attributes
-    #   attrs.get_attribute_ns('http://foo', 'att')    # => foo:att='1'
-    #   attrs.get_attribute_ns('http://foo', 'nosuch') # => nil
-    #
-    def get_attribute_ns(namespace, name)
-      result = nil
-      each_attribute() { |attribute|
-        if name == attribute.name &&
-          namespace == attribute.namespace() &&
-          ( !namespace.empty? || !attribute.fully_expanded_name.index(':') )
-          # foo will match xmlns:foo, but only if foo isn't also an attribute
-          result = attribute if !result or !namespace.empty? or
-                                !attribute.fully_expanded_name.index(':')
-        end
-      }
-      result
-    end
-  end
-end