docspring 3.1.0 → 3.2.0

data/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.3.0/gems/byebug-11.1.3/GUIDE.md

@@ -1,1806 +0,0 @@
-# GUIDE
-
-## Introduction
-
-### First Steps
-
-A handful of commands are enough to get started using `byebug`. The following
-session illustrates these commands. Take the following sample file:
-
-```ruby
-#
-# The n'th triangle number: triangle(n) = n*(n+1)/2 = 1 + 2 + ... + n
-#
-def triangle(n)
-  tri = 0
-
-  0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-
-  tri
-end
-
-t = triangle(3)
-puts t
-
-```
-
-Let's debug it.
-
-```bash
-$ byebug /path/to/triangle.rb
-
-[1, 10] in /path/to/triangle.rb
-    1: #
-    2: # The n'th triangle number: triangle(n) = n*(n+1)/2 = 1 + 2 + ... + n
-    3: #
-=>  4: def triangle(n)
-    5:   tri = 0
-    6:
-    7:   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-    8:
-    9:   tri
-   10: end
-(byebug)
-```
-
-We are currently stopped before the first executable line of the program: line 4
-of `triangle.rb`. If you are used to less dynamic languages and have used
-debuggers for more statically compiled languages like C, C++, or Java, it may
-seem odd to be stopped before a function definition but in Ruby line 4 is
-executed.
-
-Byebug's prompt is `(byebug)`. If the program has died and you are in
-post-mortem debugging, `(byebug:post-mortem)` is used instead. If the program
-has terminated normally and the `--no-quit` option has been specified in the
-command line, the prompt will be `(byebug:ctrl)` instead. The commands available
-change depending on the program's state.
-
-Byebug automatically lists 10 lines of code centered around the current line
-every time it is stopped. The current line is marked with `=>`. If the range
-would overflow the beggining or the end of the file, byebug will move it
-accordingly so that only actual real lines of code are displayed.
-
-Now let us step through the program.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) step
-
-[5, 14] in /path/to/triangle.rb
-    5:   tri = 0
-    6:
-    7:   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-    8:
-    9:   tri
-   10: end
-   11:
-=> 12: t = triangle(3)
-   13: puts t
-(byebug) <RET> # hit enter
-
-[1, 10] in /path/to/triangle.rb
-    1: #
-    2: # The n'th triangle number: triangle(n) = n*(n+1)/2 = 1 + 2 + ... + n
-    3: #
-    4: def triangle(n)
-=>  5:   tri = 0
-    6:
-    7:   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-    8:
-    9:   tri
-   10: end
-(byebug) eval tri
-nil
-(byebug) step
-
-[2, 11] in /path/to/triangle.rb
-    2: # The n'th triangle number: triangle(n) = n*(n+1)/2 = 1 + 2 + ... + n
-    3: #
-    4: def triangle(n)
-    5:   tri = 0
-    6:
-=>  7:   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-    8:
-    9:   tri
-   10: end
-   11:
-(byebug) eval tri
-0
-```
-
-The first `step` command runs the script one executable unit. The second command
-we entered was just hitting the return key: `byebug` remembers the last command
-you entered was `step` and runs it again.
-
-One way to print the values of variables is `eval` (there are other ways). When we
-look at the value of `tri` the first time, we see it is `nil`. Again we are
-stopped _before_ the assignment on line 5, and this variable hadn't been set
-previously. However after issuing another `step` command we see that the value
-is 0 as expected. If every time we stop we want to see the value of `tri` to see
-how things are going, there is a better way by setting a display expression:
-
-```bash
-(byebug) display tri
-1: tri = 0
-```
-
-Now let us run the program until right before we return from the function. We'll
-want to see which lines get run, so we turn on _line tracing_. If we don't want
-whole paths to be displayed when tracing, we can turn on _basename_.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) set linetrace
-linetrace is on
-(byebug) set basename
-basename is on
-(byebug) finish 0
-Tracing: triangle.rb:7   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-1: tri = 0
-Tracing: triangle.rb:7   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-1: tri = 0
-Tracing: triangle.rb:7   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-1: tri = 1
-Tracing: triangle.rb:7   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-1: tri = 3
-Tracing: triangle.rb:9   tri
-1: tri = 6
-1: tri = 6
-
-[4, 13] in /home/davidr/Proyectos/byebug/triangle.rb
-    4: def triangle(n)
-    5:   tri = 0
-    6:
-    7:   0.upto(n) { |i| tri += i }
-    8:
-    9:   tri
-=> 10: end
-   11:
-   12: t = triangle(3)
-   13: puts t
-(byebug) quit
-Really quit? (y/n)
-y
-```
-
-So far, so good. As you can see from the above, to get out of `byebug`, one
-can issue a `quit` command (or the abbreviation `q`). If you want to quit
-without being prompted, suffix the command with an exclamation mark, e.g., `q!`.
-
-### Second Sample Session: Delving Deeper
-
-In this section we'll introduce breakpoints, the call stack and restarting.
-Below we will debug a simple Ruby program to solve the classic Towers of Hanoi
-puzzle. It is augmented by the bane of programming: some command-parameter
-processing with error checking.
-
-```ruby
-#
-# Solves the classic Towers of Hanoi puzzle.
-#
-def hanoi(n, a, b, c)
-  hanoi(n - 1, a, c, b) if n - 1 > 0
-
-  puts "Move disk #{a} to #{b}"
-
-  hanoi(n - 1, c, b, a) if n - 1 > 0
-end
-
-n_args = $ARGV.length
-
-raise("*** Need number of disks or no parameter") if n_args > 1
-
-n = 3
-
-if n_args > 0
-  begin
-    n = $ARGV[0].to_i
-  rescue ValueError
-    raise("*** Expecting an integer, got: #{$ARGV[0]}")
-  end
-end
-
-raise("*** Number of disks should be between 1 and 100") if n < 1 || n > 100
-
-hanoi(n, :a, :b, :c)
-```
-
-Recall in the first section it was stated that before the `def` is run, the
-method it names is undefined. Let's check that out. First let's see what
-private methods we can call before running `def hanoi`.
-
-```bash
-$ byebug path/to/hanoi.rb
-
-    1: #
-    2: # Solves the classic Towers of Hanoi puzzle.
-    3: #
-    4: def hanoi(n, a, b, c)
-    5:   hanoi(n - 1, a, c, b) if n - 1 > 0
-    6:
-    7:   puts "Move disk #{a} to #{b}"
-    8:
-    9:   hanoi(n - 1, c, b, a) if n - 1 > 0
-   10: end
-(byebug) private_methods
-public
-private
-include
-using
-define_method
-default_src_encoding
-DelegateClass
-Digest
-timeout
-initialize_copy
-initialize_dup
-initialize_clone
-sprintf
-format
-Integer
-Float
-String
-Array
-Hash
-warn
-raise
-fail
-global_variables
-__method__
-__callee__
-__dir__
-eval
-local_variables
-iterator?
-block_given?
-catch
-throw
-loop
-respond_to_missing?
-trace_var
-untrace_var
-at_exit
-syscall
-open
-printf
-print
-putc
-puts
-gets
-readline
-select
-readlines
-`
-p
-test
-srand
-rand
-trap
-load
-require
-require_relative
-autoload
-autoload?
-proc
-lambda
-binding
-caller
-caller_locations
-exec
-fork
-exit!
-system
-spawn
-sleep
-exit
-abort
-Rational
-Complex
-set_trace_func
-gem_original_require
-Pathname
-pp
-y
-URI
-rubygems_require
-initialize
-singleton_method_added
-singleton_method_removed
-singleton_method_undefined
-method_missing
-(byebug) private_methods.member?(:hanoi)
-false
-```
-
-`private_methods` is not a byebug command but a Ruby feature. By default, when
-`byebug` doesn't understand a command, it will evaluate it as if it was a Ruby
-command. You can use any Ruby to inspect your program's state at the place it
-is stopped.
-
-Now let's see what happens after stepping:
-
-```bash
-(byebug) step
-
-[5, 14] in /path/to/hanoi.rb
-    5:   hanoi(n - 1, a, c, b) if n - 1 > 0
-    6:
-    7:   puts "Move disk #{a} to #{b}"
-    8:
-    9:   hanoi(n - 1, c, b, a) if n - 1 > 0
-   10: end
-   11:
-=> 12: n_args = $ARGV.length
-   13:
-   14: raise("*** Need number of disks or no parameter") if n_args > 1
-(byebug) private_methods.member?(:hanoi)
-true
-(byebug)
-```
-
-Okay, lets go on and talk about program arguments.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) $ARGV
-[]
-```
-
-Oops. We forgot to specify any parameters to this program. Let's try again. We
-can use the `restart` command here.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) restart 3
-Re exec'ing:
-  /path/to/exe/byebug /path/to/hanoi.rb 3
-
-[1, 10] in /path/to/hanoi.rb
-    1: #
-    2: # Solves the classic Towers of Hanoi puzzle.
-    3: #
-=>  4: def hanoi(n, a, b, c)
-    5:   hanoi(n - 1, a, c, b) if n - 1 > 0
-    6:
-    7:   puts "Move disk #{a} to #{b}"
-    8:
-    9:   hanoi(n - 1, c, b, a) if n - 1 > 0
-   10: end
-(byebug) break 5
-Created breakpoint 1 at /path/to/hanoi.rb:5
-(byebug) continue
-Stopped by breakpoint 1 at /path/to/hanoi.rb:5
-
-[1, 10] in /path/to/hanoi.rb
-    1: #
-    2: # Solves the classic Towers of Hanoi puzzle.
-    3: #
-    4: def hanoi(n, a, b, c)
-=>  5:   hanoi(n - 1, a, c, b) if n - 1 > 0
-    6:
-    7:   puts "Move disk #{a} to #{b}"
-    8:
-    9:   hanoi(n - 1, c, b, a) if n - 1 > 0
-   10: end
-(byebug) display n
-1: n = 3
-(byebug) display a
-2: a = :a
-(byebug) display b
-3: b = :b
-(byebug) undisplay 3
-(byebug) continue
-Stopped by breakpoint 1 at /path/to/hanoi.rb:5
-1: n = 2
-2: a = :a
-[1, 10] in /path/to/hanoi.rb
-    1: #
-    2: # Solves the classic Towers of Hanoi puzzle.
-    3: #
-    4: def hanoi(n, a, b, c)
-=>  5:   hanoi(n - 1, a, c, b) if n - 1 > 0
-    6:
-    7:   puts "Move disk #{a} to #{b}"
-    8:
-    9:   hanoi(n - 1, c, b, a) if n - 1 > 0
-   10: end
-
-(byebug) c
-Stopped by breakpoint 1 at /path/to/hanoi.rb:5
-1: n = 1
-2: a = :a
-
-[1, 10] in /path/to/hanoi.rb
-    1: #
-    2: # Solves the classic Towers of Hanoi puzzle.
-    3: #
-    4: def hanoi(n, a, b, c)
-=>  5:   hanoi(n - 1, a, c, b) if n - 1 > 0
-    6:
-    7:   puts "Move disk #{a} to #{b}"
-    8:
-    9:   hanoi(n - 1, c, b, a) if n - 1 > 0
-   10: end
-(byebug) set nofullpath
-fullpath is off
-(byebug) where
---> #0  Object.hanoi(n#Fixnum, a#Symbol, b#Symbol, c#Symbol) at .../shortpath/to/hanoi.rb:5
-    #1  Object.hanoi(n#Fixnum, a#Symbol, b#Symbol, c#Symbol) at .../shortpath/to/hanoi.rb:5
-    #2  <top (required)> at .../Proyectos/byebug/hanoi.rb:28
-(byebug)
-```
-
-In the above we added new commands: `break` (see [breakpoints]()), which
-indicates to stop just before that line of code is run, and `continue`, which
-resumes execution. To remove a display expression `undisplay` is used. If we
-give a display number, just that display expression is removed.
-
-We also used a new command `where`(see [backtrace]()) to show the callstack. In
-the above situation, starting from the bottom line we see we called the `hanoi`
-method from line 28 of the file `hanoi.rb` and the `hanoi` method called itself
-two more times at line 5.
-
-In the callstack we show a _current frame_ mark, the frame number, the method
-being called, the names of the parameters, the types those parameters
-_currently_ have and the file-line position. Remember it's possible that when
-the program was called the parameters had different types, since the types of
-variables can change dynamically. You can alter the style of what to show in the
-trace (see [callstyle]()).
-
-Now let's move around the callstack.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) undisplay
-Clear all expressions? (y/n) y
-(byebug) n_args
-NameError Exception: undefined local variable or method `n_args' for main:Object
-(byebug) frame 2
-
-[19, 28] in /path/to/hanoi.rb
-   19:   begin
-   20:     n = $ARGV[0].to_i
-   21:   rescue ValueError
-   22:     raise("*** Expecting an integer, got: #{$ARGV[0]}")
-   23:   end
-   24: end
-   25:
-   26: raise("*** Number of disks should be between 1 and 100") if n < 1 || n > 100
-   27:
-=> 28: hanoi(n, :a, :b, :c)
-(byebug) n_args
-1
-(byebug) eval n
-3
-(byebug) down 2
-
-[1, 10] in /path/to/hanoi.rb
-    1: #
-    2: # Solves the classic Towers of Hanoi puzzle.
-    3: #
-    4: def hanoi(n, a, b, c)
-=>  5:   hanoi(n - 1, a, c, b) if n - 1 > 0
-    6:
-    7:   puts "Move disk #{a} to #{b}"
-    8:
-    9:   hanoi(n - 1, c, b, a) if n - 1 > 0
-   10: end
-(byebug) eval n
-2
-```
-
-Notice in the above to get the value of variable `n` we had to use a print
-command like `eval n`. If we entered just `n`, that would be taken to mean byebug
-command `next`. In the current scope, variable `n_args` is not defined.  However
-I can change to the top-most frame by using the `frame 2` command. Notice that
-inside frame #2, the value of `n_args` can be shown. Also note that the value of
-variable `n` is different.
-
-### Attaching to a running program with `byebug`
-
-In the previous sessions we've been calling byebug right at the outset, but
-there is another mode of operation you might use. If there's a lot of code that
-needs to be run before the part you want to inspect, it might not be efficient
-or convenient to run byebug from the outset.
-
-In this section we'll show how to enter the code in the middle of your program,
-while delving more into byebug's operation. We will also use unit testing. Using
-unit tests will greatly reduce the amount of debugging needed, while at the same
-time, will increase the quality of your program.
-
-What we'll do is take the `triangle` code from the first session and write a
-unit test for that. In a sense we did write a tiny test for the program which
-was basically the last line where we printed the value of `triangle(3)`. This
-test however wasn't automated: the expectation is that someone would look at the
-output and verify that what was printed is what was expected.
-
-Before we can turn that into something that can be `required`, we probably want
-to remove that output. However I like to keep in that line so that when I
-look at the file, I have an example of how to run it.  Therefore we will
-conditionally run this line if that file is invoked directly, but skip it if it
-is not. _NOTE: `byebug` resets `$0` to try to make things like this work._
-
-```ruby
-if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME
-  t = triangle(3)
-  puts t
-end
-```
-
-Okay, we're now ready to write our unit test and we'll use the `minitest`
-framework for that. Here's the test code, it should be placed in the same
-directory as `triangle.rb`.
-
-```ruby
-require "minitest/autorun"
-require_relative "triangle.rb"
-
-class TestTriangle < Minitest::Test
-  def test_basic
-    solutions = []
-
-    0.upto(5) { |i| solutions << triangle(i) }
-
-    assert_equal([0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15], solutions, "First 5 triangle numbers")
-  end
-end
-```
-
-Let's say we want to stop before the first statement in our test method, we'll
-add the following:
-
-```ruby
-...
-def test_basic
-  byebug
-  solutions = []
-...
-```
-
-Now we run the program, requiring `byebug`
-
-```bash
-$ ruby -rbyebug test_triangle.rb
-Run options: --seed 31679
-
-# Running:
-
-[2, 11] in test_triangle.rb
-    2: require_relative "triangle.rb"
-    3:
-    4: class TestTriangle < Minitest::Test
-    5:   def test_basic
-    6:     byebug
-=>  7:     solutions = []
-    8:
-    9:     0.upto(5) { |i| solutions << triangle(i) }
-   10:
-   11:     assert_equal([0, 1, 3, 6, 10, 15], solutions, "First 5 triangle numbers")
-(byebug)
-```
-
-and we see that we are stopped at line 7 just before the initialization of the
-list `solutions`.
-
-Now let's see where we are...
-
-```bash
-(byebug) set nofullpath
-Displaying frame's full file names is off.
-(byebug) bt
---> #0  TestTriangle.test_basic at .../Proyectos/byebug/test_triangle.rb:7
-    #1  block (3 levels) in Minitest::Test.run at .../lib/minitest/test.rb:108
-    #2  Minitest::Test.capture_exceptions at .../lib/minitest/test.rb:206
-    #3  block (2 levels) in Minitest::Test.run at .../lib/minitest/test.rb:105
-    #4  Minitest::Test.time_it at .../lib/minitest/test.rb:258
-    #5  block in Minitest::Test.run at .../lib/minitest/test.rb:104
-    #6  #<Class:Minitest::Runnable>.on_signal(name#String, action#Proc) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:321
-    #7  Minitest::Test.with_info_handler(&block#Proc) at .../lib/minitest/test.rb:278
-    #8  Minitest::Test.run at .../lib/minitest/test.rb:103
-    #9  #<Class:Minitest>.run_one_method(klass#Class, method_name#String) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:768
-    #10 #<Class:Minitest::Runnable>.run_one_method(klass#Class, method_name#String, reporter#Minitest::CompositeReporter) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:295
-    #11 block (2 levels) in #<Class:Minitest::Runnable>.run(reporter#Minitest::CompositeReporter, options#Hash) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:289
-    ͱ-- #12 Array.each at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:288
-    #13 block in #<Class:Minitest::Runnable>.run(reporter#Minitest::CompositeReporter, options#Hash) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:288
-    #14 #<Class:Minitest::Runnable>.on_signal(name#String, action#Proc) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:321
-    #15 #<Class:Minitest::Runnable>.with_info_handler(reporter#Minitest::CompositeReporter, &block#Proc) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:308
-    #16 #<Class:Minitest::Runnable>.run(reporter#Minitest::CompositeReporter, options#Hash) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:287
-    #17 block in #<Class:Minitest>.__run(reporter#Minitest::CompositeReporter, options#Hash) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:150
-    ͱ-- #18 Array.map at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:150
-    #19 #<Class:Minitest>.__run(reporter#Minitest::CompositeReporter, options#Hash) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:150
-    #20 #<Class:Minitest>.run(args#Array) at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:127
-    #21 block in #<Class:Minitest>.autorun at .../minitest-5.5.0/lib/minitest.rb:56
-(byebug)
-```
-
-We get the same result as if we had run byebug from the outset.
-
-### Debugging Oddities: How debugging Ruby may be different from other languages
-
-If you are used to debugging in other languages like C, C++, Perl, Java or even
-Bash (see [bashdb](http://bashdb.sourceforge.net)), there may be a number of things that
-seem or feel a little bit different and may confuse you. A number of these
-things aren't oddities of the debugger per se but differences in how Ruby works
-compared to those other languages. Because Ruby works a little differently from
-those other languages, writing a debugger has to also be a little different as
-well if it is to be useful. In this respect, using Byebug may help you
-understand Ruby better.
-
-We've already seen one such difference: the fact that we stop on method
-definitions or `def`'s and that is because these are in fact executable
-statements. In other compiled languages this would not happen because that's
-already been done when you compile the program (or in Perl when it scans in the
-program). In this section we'll consider some other things that might throw off
-new users to Ruby who are familiar with other languages and debugging in them.
-
-#### Bouncing Around in Blocks (iterators)
-
-When debugging languages with coroutines like Python and Ruby, a method call may
-not necessarily go to the first statement after the method header. It's possible
-that the call will continue after a `yield` statement from a prior call.
-
-```ruby
-#
-# Enumerator for primes
-#
-class SievePrime
-  def initialize
-    @odd_primes = []
-  end
-
-  def next_prime
-    candidate = 2
-    yield candidate
-    not_prime = false
-    candidate += 1
-
-    loop do
-      @odd_primes.each do |p|
-        not_prime = (0 == (candidate % p))
-        break if not_prime
-      end
-
-      unless not_prime
-        @odd_primes << candidate
-        yield candidate
-      end
-
-      candidate += 2
-    end
-  end
-end
-
-SievePrime.new.next_prime do |prime|
-  puts prime
-  break if prime > 10
-end
-```
-
-```bash
-$ byebug primes.rb
-[1, 10] in /path/to/primes.rb
-    1: #
-    2: # Enumerator for primes
-    3: #
-=>  4: class SievePrime
-    5:   def initialize
-    6:     @odd_primes = []
-    7:   end
-    8:
-    9:   def self.next_prime(&block)
-   10:    candidate = 2
-(byebug) set linetrace
-line tracing is on.
-(byebug) set basename
-basename in on.
-(byebug) step 9
-Tracing: primes.rb:5   def initialize
-Tracing: primes.rb:9   def next_prime
-Tracing: primes.rb:31 SievePrime.new.next_prime do |prime|
-Tracing: primes.rb:6     @odd_primes = []
-Tracing: primes.rb:10     candidate = 2
-Tracing: primes.rb:11     yield candidate
-Tracing: primes.rb:32   puts prime
-2
-Tracing: primes.rb:33   break if prime > 10
-Tracing: primes.rb:12     not_prime = false
-
-[7, 16] in /path/to/primes.rb
-    7:   end
-    8:
-    9:   def next_prime
-   10:     candidate = 2
-   11:     yield candidate
-=> 12:     not_prime = false
-   13:     candidate += 1
-   14:
-   15:     loop do
-   16:       @odd_primes.each do |p|
-   17:         not_prime = (0 == (candidate % p))
-(byebug)
-```
-
-The loop between lines 31-34 gets interleaved between those of
-`SievePrime#next_prime`, lines 9-28 above.
-
-#### No Parameter Values in a Call Stack
-
-In traditional debuggers, in a call stack you can generally see the names of the
-parameters and the values that were passed in.
-
-Ruby is a very dynamic language and it tries to be efficient within the confines
-of the language definition. Values generally aren't taken out of a variable or
-expression and pushed onto a stack. Instead a new scope is created and the
-parameters are given initial values. Parameter passing is by _reference_ not by
-_value_ as it is say Algol, C, or Perl. During the execution of a method,
-parameter values can change (and often do). In fact even the _class_ of the
-object can change.
-
-So at present, the name of the parameter is shown. The call-style setting
-([callstyle]()) can be used to set whether the name is shown or the name and the
-_current_ class of the object.
-
-#### Lines You Can Stop At
-
-Consider the following little Ruby program.
-
-```ruby
-"Yes it does" =~ /
-(Yes) \s+
-it  \s+
-does
-/ix
-puts $1
-```
-
-The stopping points that Ruby records are the last two lines, lines 5 and 6.
-
-Inside `byebug` you can get a list of stoppable lines for a file using the `info
-file` command.
-
-### Threading support
-
-Byebug supports debugging Ruby programs making use of multiple threads.
-
-Let's consider the following sample program:
-
-```ruby
-class Company
-  def initialize(task)
-    @tasks, @results = Queue.new, Queue.new
-
-    @tasks.push(task)
-  end
-
-  def run
-    manager = Thread.new { manager_routine }
-    employee = Thread.new { employee_routine }
-
-    sleep 6
-
-    go_home(manager)
-    go_home(employee)
-  end
-
-  #
-  # An employee doing his thing
-  #
-  def employee_routine
-    loop do
-      if @tasks.empty?
-        have_a_break(0.1)
-      else
-        work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  #
-  # A manager doing his thing
-  #
-  def manager_routine
-    loop do
-      if @results.empty?
-        have_a_break(1)
-      else
-        show_off(@results.pop)
-      end
-    end
-  end
-
-  private
-
-  def show_off(result)
-    puts result
-  end
-
-  def work_hard(task)
-    task ** task
-  end
-
-  def have_a_break(amount)
-    sleep amount
-  end
-
-  def go_home(person)
-    person.kill
-  end
-end
-
-Company.new(10).run
-```
-
-The `Company` class simulates a real company. The company has a manager and an
-employee represented by 2 threads: they work concurrently to achieve the
-company's targets.
-
-* The employee looks for tasks to complete. If there are tasks, it works hard to
-  complete them. Otherwise he has a quick break.
-
-```ruby
-#
-# An employee doing his thing
-#
-def employee_routine
-  loop do
-    if @tasks.empty?
-      have_a_break(0.1)
-    else
-      work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-    end
-  end
-end
-```
-
-* The manager, on the other hand, sits there all day and sporadically checks
-  whether there are any results to show off.
-
-```ruby
-#
-# A manager doing his thing
-#
-def manager_routine
-  loop do
-    if @results.empty?
-      have_a_break(1)
-    else
-      show_off(@results.pop)
-    end
-  end
-end
-```
-
-We do some abstractions easily readable in the code. Our tasks are just a
-`Queue` of numbers, so are our results. What our employer does when he works is
-some calculation with those numbers and what the manager does with the results
-is printing them to the screen.
-
-We instantiate a new company with an initial task and after running that
-company we expect the result to be printed in the screen, but it is not.  Lets
-debug our sample program:
-
-```bash
-[1, 10] in /path/to/company.rb
-=>  1: class Company
-    2:   def initialize(task)
-    3:     @tasks, @results = Queue.new, Queue.new
-    4:
-    5:     @tasks.push(task)
-    6:   end
-    7:
-    8:   def run
-    9:     manager = Thread.new { manager_routine }
-   10:     employee = Thread.new { employee_routine }
-(byebug) l
-
-[11, 20] in /path/to/company.rb
-   11:
-   12:     sleep 6
-   13:
-   14:     go_home(manager)
-   15:     go_home(employee)
-   16:   end
-   17:
-   18:   #
-   19:   # An employee doing his thing
-   20:   #
-
-(byebug) c 12
-Stopped by breakpoint 1 at /path/to/company.rb:12
-
-[7, 16] in /path/to/company.rb
-    7:
-    8:   def run
-    9:     manager = Thread.new { manager_routine }
-   10:     employee = Thread.new { employee_routine }
-   11:
-=> 12:     sleep 6
-   13:
-   14:     go_home(manager)
-   15:     go_home(employee)
-   16:   end
-(byebug) th l
-+ 1 #<Thread:0x0000000192f328 run> /path/to/company.rb:12
-  2 #<Thread:0x00000001ff9870@/path/to/company.rb:9 sleep>
-  3 #<Thread:0x00000001ff80d8@/path/to/company.rb:10 sleep>
-```
-
-What we have done here is just start our program and advance to the point
-inmediately after our `employee` and `manager` threads have been created. We
-can then check that the threads are there using the `thread list` command. Now
-we want to debug both of this threads to check what's happening and look for the
-bug.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) th switch 3
-
-[5, 14] in /path/to/company.rb
-    5:     @tasks.push(task)
-    6:   end
-    7:
-    8:   def run
-    9:     manager = Thread.new { manager_routine }
-=> 10:     employee = Thread.new { employee_routine }
-   11:
-   12:     sleep 6
-   13:
-   14:     go_home(manager)
-(byebug) th stop 1; th stop 2
-$ 1 #<Thread:0x00000001307310 sleep> /path/to/company.rb:12
-$ 2 #<Thread:0x000000018bf438 sleep> /path/to/company.rb:9
-(byebug) th l
-$ 1 #<Thread:0x00000001307310 sleep> /path/to/company.rb:12
-$ 2 #<Thread:0x000000018bf438@/path/to/company.rb:9 sleep> /path/to/company.rb:55
-+ 3 #<Thread:0x00000001ff80d8@/path/to/company.rb:10 sleep> /path/to/company.rb:10
-```
-
-We have started by debugging the `employee` thread. To do that, we switch to
-that thread using the `thread switch 3` command. The thread number is the one
-specified by `thread list`, we know this is our worker thread because `thread
-list` specifies where the thread is defined in the file (and its current
-position if the thread is currently running).
-
-After that we stopped the main thread and the worker thread, using the command
-`thread stop`. We do this because we want to focus on the employee thread first
-and don't want the program to finish while we are debugging. Notice that stopped
-threads are marked with the "$" symbol whereas the current thread is marked with
-the "+" symbol.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) s
-
-[17, 26] in /path/to/company.rb
-   17:
-   18:   #
-   19:   # An employee doing his thing
-   20:   #
-   21:   def employee_routine
-=> 22:     loop do
-   23:       if @tasks.empty?
-   24:         have_a_break(0.1)
-   25:       else
-   26:         work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-(byebug) s
-
-[18, 27] in /path/to/company.rb
-   18:   #
-   19:   # An employee doing his thing
-   20:   #
-   21:   def employee_routine
-   22:     loop do
-=> 23:       if @tasks.empty?
-   24:         have_a_break(0.1)
-   25:       else
-   26:         work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-   27:       end
-(byebug) n
-
-[21, 30] in /path/to/company.rb
-   21:   def employee_routine
-   22:     loop do
-   23:       if @tasks.empty?
-   24:         have_a_break(0.1)
-   25:       else
-=> 26:         work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-   27:       end
-   28:     end
-   29:   end
-   30:
-(byebug) s
-
-[49, 58] in /path/to/company.rb
-   49:   def show_off(result)
-   50:     puts result
-   51:   end
-   52:
-   53:   def work_hard(task)
-=> 54:     task ** task
-   55:   end
-   56:
-   57:   def have_a_break(amount)
-   58:     sleep amount
-(byebug) s
-
-[21, 30] in /path/to/company.rb
-   21:   #
-   22:   # An employee doing his thing
-   23:   #
-   24:   def employee_routine
-   25:     loop do
-=> 26:       if @tasks.empty?
-   27:         have_a_break(0.1)
-   28:       else
-   29:         work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-   30:       end
-(byebug) n
-
-[22, 31] in /path/to/company.rb
-   22:   # An employee doing his thing
-   23:   #
-   24:   def employee_routine
-   25:     loop do
-   26:       if @tasks.empty?
-=> 27:         have_a_break(0.1)
-   28:       else
-   29:         work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-   30:       end
-   31:     end
-(byebug) n
-
-[21, 30] in /path/to/company.rb
-   21:   #
-   22:   # An employee doing his thing
-   23:   #
-   24:   def employee_routine
-   25:     loop do
-=> 26:       if @tasks.empty?
-   27:         have_a_break(0.1)
-   28:       else
-   29:         work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-   30:       end
-   31:     end
-(byebug)
-```
-
-Everything seems fine in this thread. The first iteration the employee will do
-his job, and after that it will just check for new tasks and sleep. Let's debug
-the manager task now:
-
-```bash
-(byebug) th resume 2
-  2 #<Thread:0x000000019892d8@/path/to/company.rb:12 run> /path/to/company.rb:12
-(byebug) th switch 2
-  2 #<Thread:0x000000019892d8@/path/to/company.rb:12 sleep> /path/to/company.rb:12
-
-[7, 16] in /path/to/company.rb
-    7:
-    8:   #
-    9:   # A CEO running his company
-   10:   #
-   11:   def run
-=> 12:     manager = Thread.new { manager_routine }
-   13:     employee = Thread.new { employee_routine }
-   14:
-   15:     sleep 6
-   16:
-(byebug)
-```
-
-We used the command `thread resume` to restart the manager's thread and then
-switch to it using `thread switch`. It's important to resume the thread's
-execution before switching to it, otherwise we'll get a hang because we cannot
-run a sleeping thread.
-
-Now we can investigate the problem in the employer's side:
-
-```bash
-(byebug) s
-[30, 39] in /path/to/company.rb
-   30:
-   31:   #
-   32:   # A manager doing his thing
-   33:   #
-   34:   def manager_routine
-=> 35:     loop do
-   36:       if @results.empty?
-   37:         have_a_break(1)
-   38:       else
-   39:         show_off(@results.pop)
-(byebug) s
-
-[31, 40] in /path/to/company.rb
-   31:   #
-   32:   # A manager doing his thing
-   33:   #
-   34:   def manager_routine
-   35:     loop do
-=> 36:       if @results.empty?
-   37:         have_a_break(1)
-   38:       else
-   39:         show_off(@results.pop)
-   40:       end
-(byebug) n
-
-[32, 41] in /path/to/company.rb
-   32:   # A manager doing his thing
-   33:   #
-   34:   def manager_routine
-   35:     loop do
-   36:       if @results.empty?
-=> 37:         have_a_break(1)
-   38:       else
-   39:         show_off(@results.pop)
-   40:       end
-   41:     end
-(byebug) n
-
-[31, 40] in /path/to/company.rb
-   31:   #
-   32:   # A manager doing his thing
-   33:   #
-   34:   def manager_routine
-   35:     loop do
-=> 36:       if @results.empty?
-   37:         have_a_break(1)
-   38:       else
-   39:         show_off(@results.pop)
-   40:       end
-(byebug)
-```
-
-Now we can see the problem, the `@results` variable is always empty! The
-employee forgot to leave the results in his manager's deck. We fix it by
-changing the line
-
-```ruby
-work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-```
-
-in the `employee_routine` method with the line
-
-```ruby
-@results << work_hard(@tasks.pop)
-```
-
-To be continued...
-
-* More complex examples with objects, pretty printing and irb.
-* Line tracing and non-interactive tracing.
-* Post-mortem debugging.
-
-## Getting in & out
-
-### Starting byebug
-
-There is a wrapper script called `byebug` which basically `require`'s the gem
-then loads `byebug` before its argument (the program to be debugged) is started.
-If you don't need to pass dash options to your program, which might be confused
-with byebug options, then you don't need to add the `--`. To get a brief list of
-options and descriptions, use the `--help` option.
-
-```bash
-$ byebug --help
-
-  byebug 3.5.1
-
-  Usage: byebug [options] <script.rb> -- <script.rb parameters>
-
-    -d, --debug               Set $DEBUG=true
-    -I, --include list        Add to paths to $LOAD_PATH
-    -m, --[no-]post-mortem    Use post-mortem mode
-    -q, --[no-]quit           Quit when script finishes
-    -x, --[no-]rc             Run byebug initialization file
-    -s, --[no-]stop           Stop when script is loaded
-    -r, --require file        Require library before script
-    -R, --remote [host:]port  Remote debug [host:]port
-    -t, --[no-]trace          Turn on line tracing
-    -v, --version             Print program version
-    -h, --help                Display this message
-
-```
-
-Many options appear as a long option name, such as `--help` and a short one
-letter option name, such as `-h`. The list of options is detailed below:
-
-#### -h | --help
-
-It causes `byebug` to print some basic help and exit.
-
-#### -v | --version
-
-It causes `byebug` to print its version number and exit.
-
-#### -d | --debug
-
-Sets `$DEBUG` to `true`. Compatible with Ruby's flag.
-
-#### -I | --include path
-
-Adds `path` to load path. `path` can be a single path or a colon separated path
-list.
-
-#### -m | --post-mortem
-
-If your program raises an exception that isn't caught you can enter byebug for
-inspection of what went wrong. You may also want to use this option in
-conjunction with `--no-stop`. See also [Post-Mortem Debugging]().
-
-#### --no-quit
-
-Keep inside `byebug` after your program terminates normally.
-
-#### --no-stop
-
-Normally `byebug` stops before executing the first statement. If instead you
-want it to start running initially and perhaps break it later in the execution,
-use this option.
-
-#### -r | --require lib
-
-Requires the library before executing the script.  This option is compatible
-with Ruby's.
-
-#### -t | --trace
-
-Turns on line tracing. Running `byebug --trace <rubyscript>.rb` is pretty much
-like running `ruby -rtracer <rubyscript>.rb`. If all you want to do however is
-get a line trace, `tracer` is most likely faster than `byebug`.
-
-```bash
-$ time byebug --trace --no-stop hanoi.rb > /dev/null
-
-real 0m0.743s
-user 0m0.668s
-sys  0m0.068s
-$ time ruby -rtracer hanoi.rb > /dev/null
-
-real 0m0.077s
-user 0m0.072s
-sys  0m0.004s
-```
-
-### Byebug default options
-
-Byebug has many command-line options,; it seems that some people want to set
-them differently from the defaults. For example, some people may want
-`--no-quit` to be the default behavior. One could write a wrapper script or set
-a shell alias to handle this.
-
-### Command Files
-
-A command file is a file of lines that are `byebug` commands. Comments (lines
-starting with `#`) may also be included. An empty line in a command file does
-nothing; it does not mean to repeat the last command, as it would from the
-terminal.
-
-When you start `byebug`, it automatically executes commands from its
-_init file_, called `.byebugrc`. During startup, `byebug` does the following:
-
-* __Processes command line options and operands.__ Reads the init file in your
-  current directory, if any, and then checks your home directory. The home
-  directory is the directory named in the `$HOME` or `$HOMEPATH` environment
-  variable. Thus, you can have more than one init file, one generic in your home
-  directory, and another, specific to the program you are debugging, in the
-  directory where you invoke `byebug`.
-
-You can also request the execution of a command file with the `source` command
-(see [Source]()).
-
-### Quitting byebug
-
-To exit `byebug`, use the `quit` command (abbreviated to `q`). Normally, if you
-are in an interactive session, this command will prompt to ask if you really
-want to quit. If you want to quit without being prompted, enter `quit
-unconditionally` (abbreviated to `q!`).
-
-Another way to terminate byebug is to use the `kill` command. This does the
-more forceful `kill -9`. It can be used in cases where `quit` doesn't work (I
-haven't seen those yet).
-
-### Calling byebug from inside your program
-
-Running a program from byebug adds a bit of overhead and slows it down a little.
-Furthermore, by necessity, debuggers change the operation of the program they
-are debugging. And this can lead to unexpected and unwanted differences. It has
-happened so often that the term
-[Heisenbugs](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heisenbug) was coined to describe the
-situation where using a debugger (among other possibilities) changes the
-behavior of the program so that the bug doesn't manifest itself anymore.
-
-There is another way to get into byebug which adds no overhead or slowdown until
-you reach the point at which you want to start debugging. However here you must
-change the script and make an explicit call to byebug. Because byebug isn't
-involved before the first call, there is no overhead and the script will run
-at the same speed as if there were no byebug.
-
-To enter byebug this way, just drop `byebug` in whichever line you want to start
-debugging at. You also have to require byebug somehow. If using bundler, it will
-take care of that for you, otherwise you can use the ruby `-r` flag or add
-`require "byebug"` in the line previous to the `byebug` call.
-
-If speed is crucial, you may want to start and stop this around certain sections
-of code, using `Byebug.start` and `Byebug.stop`. Alternatively, instead of
-issuing an explicit `Byebug.stop` you can add a block to the `Byebug.start` and
-debugging is turned on for that block. If the block of code raises an uncaught
-exception that would cause the block to terminate, the `stop` will occur.  See
-[Byebug.start with a block]().
-
-When `byebug`is run, `.byebugrc` is read.
-
-You may want to enter byebug at several points in the program where there is a
-problem you want to investigate. And since `byebug` is just a method call it's
-possible to enclose it in a conditional expression, for example
-
-```ruby
-byebug if "bar" == foo and 20 == iter_count
-```
-
-### Restarting Byebug
-
-You can restart the program using `restart [program args]`. This is a re-exec -
-all byebug state is lost. If command arguments are passed, those are used.
-Otherwise program arguments from the last invocation are used.
-
-You won't be able to restart your program in all cases. First, the program
-should have been invoked at the outset rather than having been called from
-inside your program or invoked as a result of post-mortem handling.
-
-Also, since this relies on the OS `exec` call, this command is available only if
-your OS supports `exec`.
-
-## Debugging remote programs
-
-It is possible to set up debugging so that you can issue byebug commands from
-outside the process running the Ruby code. In fact, you might even be on a
-different computer than the one running the Ruby program.
-
-To setup remote debugging, drop the following somewhere before the point in the
-program that you want to debug (In Rails, the
-`config/environments/development.rb` could be a good candidate).
-
-```ruby
-  require "byebug/core"
-  Byebug.wait_connection = true
-  Byebug.start_server("localhost", <port>)
-```
-
-Once this piece gets executed, you can connect to the remote debugger from your
-local machine, by running: `byebug -R localhost:<port>`.
-
-Next, at a place of program execution which gets run just before the code you
-want to debug, add a call to `byebug` as was done without remote execution:
-
-```ruby
-   # work, work, work...
-   byebug
-   some ruby code  # byebug will stop before this line is run
-```
-
-## Byebug Command Reference
-
-### Command Syntax
-
-Usually a command is put on a single line. There is no limit on how long it can
-be. It starts with a command name, which is followed by arguments whose meaning
-depends on the command name. For example, the command `step` accepts an
-argument which is the number of times to step, as in `step 5`. You can also use
-the `step` command with no arguments. Some commands do not allow any arguments.
-
-Multiple commands can be put on a line by separating each with a semicolon `;`.
-You can disable the meaning of a semicolon to separate commands by escaping it
-with a backslash.
-
-For example, you might want to enter the following code to compute the 5th
-Fibonacci number.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) fib1=0; fib2=1; 5.times {|temp| temp=fib1; fib1=fib2; fib2 += temp }
-0
-1
-SyntaxError Exception: /home/davidr/Proyectos/sample_app/trace.rb:1: syntax
-error, unexpected end-of-input, expecting '}'
- 5.times { |temp| temp=fib1
-                           ^
-nil
-1
-SyntaxError Exception: /home/davidr/Proyectos/sample_app/trace.rb:1: syntax
-error, unexpected tSTRING_DEND, expecting end-of-input
- fib2 += temp }
-               ^
-nil
-(byebug) fib1=0\; fib2=1\; 5.times {|temp| temp=fib1\; fib1=fib2\; fib2 += temp }
-5
-(byebug) fib2
-8
-```
-
-You might also consider using the [irb]() or [pry]() commands and then you
-won't have to escape semicolons.
-
-A blank line as input (typing just `<RET>`) means to repeat the previous
-command.
-
-Byebug uses readline, which handles line editing and retrieval of previous
-commands. Up arrow, for example, moves to the previous byebug command; down
-arrow moves to the next more recent command (provided you are not already at
-the last command). Command history is saved in file `.byebug_history`. A limit
-is put on the history size. You can see this with the `show history size`
-command. See [history]() for history parameters.
-
-### Command Output
-
-In the command-line interface, when `byebug` is waiting for input it presents a
-prompt of the form `(byebug)`. If the program has terminated normally the prompt
-will be `(byebug:ctrl)` and in post-mortem debugging it will be
-`(byebug:post-mortem)`.
-
-Whenever `byebug` gives an error message such as for an invalid command or an
-invalid location position, it will generally preface the message with `***`.
-
-### Command Help
-
-Once inside `byebug` you can always ask it for information on its commands using
-the `help` command. You can use `help` (abbreviated `h`) with no arguments to
-display a short list of named classes of commands
-
-```bash
-(byebug) help
-
-  break      -- Sets breakpoints in the source code
-  catch      -- Handles exception catchpoints
-  condition  -- Sets conditions on breakpoints
-  continue   -- Runs until program ends, hits a breakpoint or reaches a line
-  delete     -- Deletes breakpoints
-  disable    -- Disables breakpoints or displays
-  display    -- Evaluates expressions every time the debugger stops
-  down       -- Moves to a lower frame in the stack trace
-  edit       -- Edits source files
-  enable     -- Enables breakpoints or displays
-  finish     -- Runs the program until frame returns
-  frame      -- Moves to a frame in the call stack
-  help       -- Helps you using byebug
-  history    -- Shows byebug's history of commands
-  info       -- Shows several informations about the program being debugged
-  interrupt  -- Interrupts the program
-  irb        -- Starts an IRB session
-  kill       -- Sends a signal to the current process
-  list       -- Lists lines of source code
-  method     -- Shows methods of an object, class or module
-  next       -- Runs one or more lines of code
-  pry        -- Starts a Pry session
-  quit       -- Exits byebug
-  restart    -- Restarts the debugged program
-  save       -- Saves current byebug session to a file
-  set        -- Modifies byebug settings
-  show       -- Shows byebug settings
-  skip       -- Runs until the next breakpoint as long as it is different from the current one
-  source     -- Restores a previously saved byebug session
-  step       -- Steps into blocks or methods one or more times
-  thread     -- Commands to manipulate threads
-  tracevar   -- Enables tracing of a global variable
-  undisplay  -- Stops displaying all or some expressions when program stops
-  untracevar -- Stops tracing a global variable
-  up         -- Moves to a higher frame in the stack trace
-  var        -- Shows variables and its values
-  where      -- Displays the backtrace
-
-```
-
-With a command name, `help` displays information on how to use the command.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) help list
-
-  l[ist][[-=]][ nn-mm]
-
-  Lists lines of source code
-
-  Lists lines forward from current line or from the place where code was
-  last listed. If "list-" is specified, lists backwards instead. If
-  "list=" is specified, lists from current line regardless of where code
-  was last listed. A line range can also be specified to list specific
-  sections of code.
-(byebug)
-```
-
-A number of commands, namely `info`, `set`, `show`, `enable` and `disable`, have
-many sub-parameters or _subcommands_. When you ask for help for one of these
-commands, you will get help for all of the subcommands that command offers.
-Sometimes you may want help only on a subcommand and to do this just follow the
-command with its subcommand name. For example, `help info breakpoints`will just
-give help about the `info breakpoints` command. Furthermore it will give longer
-help than the summary information that appears when you ask for help. You don't
-need to list the full subcommand name, just enough of the letters to make that
-subcommand distinct from others will do. For example, `help info b` is the same
-as `help info breakpoints`.
-
-Some examples follow.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) help info
-info[ subcommand]
-
-Generic command for showing things about the program being debugged.
-
---
-List of "info" subcommands:
---
-info args        -- Argument variables of current stack frame
-info breakpoints -- Status of user-settable breakpoints
-info catch       -- Exceptions that can be caught in the current stack frame
-info display     -- Expressions to display when program stops
-info file        -- Info about a particular file read in
-info files       -- File names and timestamps of files read in
-info line        -- Line number and filename of current position in source file
-info program     -- Execution status of the program
-```
-
-```bash
-(byebug) help info breakpoints
-Status of user-settable breakpoints.
-Without argument, list info about all breakpoints.
-With an integer argument, list info on that breakpoint.
-```
-
-```bash
-(byebug) help info b
-Status of user-settable breakpoints.
-Without argument, list info about all breakpoints.
-With an integer argument, list info on that breakpoint.
-```
-
-### Control Commands: quit, restart, source
-
-#### Quit
-
-To exit `byebug`, type `quit` (abbreviated to `q`). Normally, if you are in an
-interactive session, this command will prompt you to confirm you really want to
-quit. If you want to quit without being prompted, enter `quit unconditionally`
-(abbreviated to `q!`).
-
-#### Restart
-
-To restart the program, use the `restart|r` command. This is a re-exec - all
-`byebug` state is lost. If command arguments are passed, those are used.
-Otherwise program arguments from the last invocation are used.
-
-You won't be able to restart your program in all cases. First, the program
-should have been invoked at the outset rather than having been called from
-inside your program or invoked as a result of post-mortem handling.
-
-#### Source
-
-You can run `byebug` commands inside a file, using the command `source <file>`.
-The lines in a command file are executed sequentially. They are not printed as
-they are executed. If there is an error, execution proceeds to the next command
-in the file. For information about command files that get run automatically on
-startup see [Command Files]().
-
-### Display Commands: display, undisplay
-
-#### Display
-
-If you find that you want to print the value of an expression frequently (to see
-how it changes), you might want to add it to the *automatic display list** so
-that `byebug` evaluates it each time your program stops or after a line is
-printed if line tracing is enabled. Each expression added to the list is given a
-number to identify it; to remove an expression from the list, you specify that
-number. The automatic display looks like this:
-
-```bash
-(byebug) display n
-1: n = 3
-```
-
-This display shows item numbers, expressions and their current values. If the
-expression is undefined or illegal the expression will be printed but no value
-will appear.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) display undefined_variable
-2: undefined_variable =
-(byebug) display 1/0
-3: 1/0 =
-```
-
-If you use `display` with no argument, `byebug` will display the current values
-of the expressions in the list, just as it is done when your program stops.
-Using `info display` has the same effect.
-
-#### Undisplay
-
-To remove an item from the list, use `undisplay` followed by the number
-identifying the expression you want to remove. `undisplay` does not repeat if
-you press `<RET>`after using it (otherwise you would just get the error _No
-display number n_)
-
-You can also temporarily disable or enable display expressions, so that the will
-not be printed but they won't be forgotten either, so you can toggle them again
-later. To do that, use `disable display` or `enable display` followed by the
-expression number.
-
-### Evaluation of expressions: irb, pry
-
-To examine and change data in your script you can just evaluate any Ruby code
-from `byebug`'s prompt. Any input that is not recognized as a command will be
-evaluated, so `byebug` essentially works as a REPL. If you want to evaluate
-something that conflicts with a `byebug` command, just use Ruby's `eval`. For
-example, if you want to print a variable called `n`, type `eval n` because
-typing just `n` will execute `byebug`'s command `next`.
-
-Finally, if you need more advanced functionality from REPL's, you can enter
-`irb` or `pry` using `irb` or `pry` commands. The binding's environment will be
-set to the current state in the program.  When you leave the repl and go back to
-`byebug`'s command prompt we show the file, line and text position of the
-program. If you issue a `list` without location information, the default
-location used is the current line rather than the current position that may have
-got updated via a prior `list` command.
-
-```
-$ byebug triangle.rb
-[1, 10] in /path/to/triangle.rb
-    1: # Compute the n'th triangle number, the hard way: triangle(n) == (n*(n+1))/2
-=>  2: def triangle(n)
-    3:   tri = 0
-    4:   0.upto(n) do |i|
-    5:     tri += i
-    6:   end
-    7:   tri
-    8: end
-    9:
-   10: if __FILE__ == $0
-(byebug) irb
-irb(main):001:0> (0..6).inject { |sum, i| sum += i }
- => 21
-irb(main):002:0> exit
-(byebug)
-```
-
-### Printing variables: var
-
-Byebug can print many different information about variables. Such as
-
-* `var const <object>`. Show the constants of `<object>`. This is basically
-  listing variables and their values in `<object>.constant`.
-* `var instance <object>`. Show the instance variables of `<object>`. This is
-  basically listing `<object>.instance_variables`.
-* `var instance`. Show instance_variables of `self`.
-* `var local`. Show local variables.
-* `var global`. Show global variables.
-* `var all`. Show local, global and instance and class variables of `self`.
-* `method instance <object>`. Show methods of `<object>`. Basically this is the
-  same as running `<object>.instance_methods(false)`.
-* `method <class-or-module>`. Show methods of the class or module
-  `<class-or-module>`. Basically this is the same as running
-  `<class-or-module>.methods`.
-
-### Examining Program Source Files: list
-
-`byebug` can print parts of your script's source.  When your script stops,
-`byebug` spontaneously lists the source code around the line where it stopped
-that line. It does that when you change the current stack frame as well.
-Implicitly there is a default line location. Each time a list command is run
-that implicit location is updated, so that running several list commands in
-succession shows a contiguous block of program text.
-
-If you don't need code context displayed every time, you can issue the `set
-noautolist` command. Now whenever you want code listed, you can explicitly issue
-the `list` command or its abbreviation `l`. Notice that when a second listing is
-displayed, we continue listing from the place we last left off. When the
-beginning or end of the file is reached, the line range to be shown is adjusted
-so "it doesn't overflow". You can set the `noautolist` option by default by
-dropping `set noautolist` in byebug's startup file `.byebugrc`.
-
-If you want to set how many lines to be printed by default rather than use the
-initial number of lines, 10, use the `set listsize` command ([listsize()). To
-see the entire program in one shot, give an explicit starting and ending line
-number. You can print other portions of source files by giving explicit position
-as a parameter to the list command.
-
-There are several ways to specify what part of the file you want to print. `list
-nnn` prints lines centered around line number `nnn` in the current source file.
-`l` prints more lines, following the last lines printed. `list -` prints lines
-just before the lines last printed. `list nnn-mmm` prints lines between `nnn`
-and `mmm` inclusive. `list =` prints lines centered around where the script is
-stopped. Repeating a `list` command with `RET` discards the argument, so it is
-equivalent to typing just `list`.  This is more useful than listing the same
-lines again. An exception is made for an argument of `-`: that argument is
-preserved in repetition so that each repetition moves up in the source file.
-
-### Editing Source files: edit
-
-To edit a source file, use the `edit` command.  The editor of your choice is invoked
-with the current line set to the active line in the program. Alternatively, you can
-give a line specification to specify what part of the file you want to edit.
-
-You can customize `byebug` to use any editor you want by using the `EDITOR`
-environment variable. The only restriction is that your editor (say `ex`) recognizes
-the following command-line syntax:
-
-```
-ex +nnn file
-```
-
-The optional numeric value `+nnn` specifies the line number in the file where
-you want to start editing. For example, to configure `byebug` to use the `vi` editor,
-you could use these commands with the `sh` shell:
-
-```bash
-EDITOR=/usr/bin/vi
-export EDITOR
-byebug ...
-```
-
-or in the `csh` shell,
-
-```bash
-setenv EDITOR /usr/bin/vi
-byebug ...
-```
-
-### The stack trace
-
-When your script has stopped, one thing you'll probably want to know is where
-it stopped and some idea of how it got there.
-
-Each time your script calls a method or enters a block, information about this
-action is saved. This information is what we call a _stack frame_ or just a
-_frame_. The set of all frames at a certain point in the program's execution is
-called the _stack trace_ or just the _stack_. Each frame contains a line number
-and the source-file name that the line refers to. If the frame is the beginning
-of a method it also contains the method name.
-
-When your script is started, the stack has only one frame, that of the `main`
-method. This is called the _initial frame_ or the _outermost frame_. Each time
-a method is called, a new frame is added to the stack trace. Each time a method
-returns, the frame for that method invocation is removed. If a method is
-recursive, there can be many frames for the same method. The frame for the
-method in which execution is actually occurring is called the _innermost
-frame_. This is the most recently created of all the stack frames that still
-exist.
-
-Every time the debugger stops, one entry in the stack is selected as the
-current frame. Many byebug commands refer implicitly to the selected block. In
-particular, whenever you ask Byebug to list lines without giving a line number
-or location the value is found in the selected frame. There are special
-commands to select whichever frame you're interested in, such as `up`, `down`
-and `frame`.
-
-After switching frames, when you issue a `list` command without any position
-information, the position used is the location in the frame that you just
-switched between, rather than a location that got updated via a prior `list`
-command.
-
-Byebug assigns numbers to all existing stack frames, starting with zero for the
-_innermost frame_, one for the frame that called it, and so on upward. These
-numbers do not really exist in your script, they are assigned by Byebug to give
-you a way of designating stack frames in commands.
-
-### Printing the Stack: `where` command
-
-The command `where`, aliased to `bt` or `backtrace` prints the call stack., It
-shows one line per frame, for many frames, starting with the place that you are
-stopped at (frame zero), followed by its caller (frame one), and on up the
-stack. Each frame is numbered and can be referred to in the `frame` command.
-The position of the current frame is marked with `-->`.
-
-The are some special frames generated for methods that are implemented in C.
-One such method is `each`. They are marked differently in the call stack to
-indicate that we cannot switch to those frames. This is because they have no
-source code in Ruby, so we can not debug them using Byebug.
-
-```bash
-(byebug) where
---> #0 Object.gcd(a#Fixnum, b#Fixnum) at line gcd.rb:6
-    #1 at line gcd.rb:19
-```
-
-### Selecting a frame: `up`, `down` and `frame` commands
-
-* `up <n>`: Move `n` frames up the stack, towards the outermost frame (higher
-  frame numbers, frames that have existed longer). `n` defaults to one.
-
-* `down <n>`: Move `n` frames down the stack, towards the _innermost frame_
-  (lower frame numbers, frames that were created more recently). `n` defaults to
-  one.
-
-* `frame <n>`: Allows you to move to an arbitrary frame. `n` is the stack frame
-  number or 0 if no frame number is given. `frame 0` will show the current and
-  most recent stack frame. If a negative number is given, counting is from the
-  other end of the stack frame, so `frame -1` shows the least-recent, outermost
-  stack frame. Without an argument, `frame` prints the current stack frame.