chef 12.7.2 → 12.8.1

data/lib/chef/provider/package.rb

@@ -1,565 +1,565 @@
-#
-# Author:: Adam Jacob (<adam@chef.io>)
-# Copyright:: Copyright 2008-2016, Chef Software, Inc.
-# License:: Apache License, Version 2.0
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-#
-
-require "chef/mixin/shell_out"
-require "chef/mixin/command"
-require "chef/mixin/subclass_directive"
-require "chef/log"
-require "chef/file_cache"
-require "chef/platform"
-
-class Chef
-  class Provider
-    class Package < Chef::Provider
-      include Chef::Mixin::Command
-      include Chef::Mixin::ShellOut
-      extend Chef::Mixin::SubclassDirective
-
-      # subclasses declare this if they want all their arguments as arrays of packages and names
-      subclass_directive :use_multipackage_api
-      # subclasses declare this if they want sources (filenames) pulled from their package names
-      subclass_directive :use_package_name_for_source
-
-      #
-      # Hook that subclasses use to populate the candidate_version(s)
-      #
-      # @return [Array, String] candidate_version(s) may be a string or array
-      attr_accessor :candidate_version
-
-      def initialize(new_resource, run_context)
-        super
-        @candidate_version = nil
-      end
-
-      def whyrun_supported?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def check_resource_semantics!
-        # FIXME: this is not universally true and subclasses are needing to override this and no-ops it.  It should be turned into
-        # another "subclass_directive" and the apt and yum providers should declare that they need this behavior.
-        if new_resource.package_name.is_a?(Array) && new_resource.source != nil
-          raise Chef::Exceptions::InvalidResourceSpecification, "You may not specify both multipackage and source"
-        end
-      end
-
-      def load_current_resource
-      end
-
-      def define_resource_requirements
-        # XXX: upgrade with a specific version doesn't make a whole lot of sense, but why don't we throw this anyway if it happens?
-        # if not, shouldn't we raise to tell the user to use install instead of upgrade if they want to pin a version?
-        requirements.assert(:install) do |a|
-          a.assertion { candidates_exist_for_all_forced_changes? }
-          a.failure_message(Chef::Exceptions::Package, "No version specified, and no candidate version available for #{forced_packages_missing_candidates.join(", ")}")
-          a.whyrun("Assuming a repository that offers #{forced_packages_missing_candidates.join(", ")} would have been configured")
-        end
-
-        # XXX: Does it make sense to pass in a source with :upgrade? Probably
-        # not, but as with the above comment, we don't yet enforce such a thing,
-        # so we'll just leave things as-is for now.
-        requirements.assert(:upgrade, :install) do |a|
-          a.assertion { candidates_exist_for_all_uninstalled? || new_resource.source }
-          a.failure_message(Chef::Exceptions::Package, "No candidate version available for #{packages_missing_candidates.join(", ")}")
-          a.whyrun("Assuming a repository that offers #{packages_missing_candidates.join(", ")} would have been configured")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def action_install
-        unless target_version_array.any?
-          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} is already installed - nothing to do")
-          return
-        end
-
-        # @todo: move the preseed code out of the base class (and complete the fix for Array of preseeds? ugh...)
-        if @new_resource.response_file
-          if preseed_file = get_preseed_file(package_names_for_targets, versions_for_targets)
-            converge_by("preseed package #{package_names_for_targets}") do
-              preseed_package(preseed_file)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        converge_by(install_description) do
-          multipackage_api_adapter(package_names_for_targets, versions_for_targets) do |name, version|
-            install_package(name, version)
-          end
-          Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} installed #{package_names_for_targets} at #{versions_for_targets}")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def install_description
-        description = []
-        target_version_array.each_with_index do |target_version, i|
-          next if target_version.nil?
-          package_name = package_name_array[i]
-          description << "install version #{target_version} of package #{package_name}"
-        end
-        description
-      end
-
-      private :install_description
-
-      def action_upgrade
-        if !target_version_array.any?
-          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} no versions to upgrade - nothing to do")
-          return
-        end
-
-        converge_by(upgrade_description) do
-          multipackage_api_adapter(package_names_for_targets, versions_for_targets) do |name, version|
-            upgrade_package(name, version)
-          end
-          log_allow_downgrade = allow_downgrade ? "(allow_downgrade)" : ""
-          Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} upgraded#{log_allow_downgrade} #{package_names_for_targets} to #{versions_for_targets}")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def upgrade_description
-        log_allow_downgrade = allow_downgrade ? "(allow_downgrade)" : ""
-        description = []
-        target_version_array.each_with_index do |target_version, i|
-          next if target_version.nil?
-          package_name = package_name_array[i]
-          candidate_version = candidate_version_array[i]
-          current_version = current_version_array[i] || "uninstalled"
-          description << "upgrade#{log_allow_downgrade} package #{package_name} from #{current_version} to #{candidate_version}"
-        end
-        description
-      end
-
-      private :upgrade_description
-
-      def action_remove
-        if removing_package?
-          description = @new_resource.version ? "version #{@new_resource.version} of " : ""
-          converge_by("remove #{description}package #{@current_resource.package_name}") do
-            multipackage_api_adapter(@current_resource.package_name, @new_resource.version) do |name, version|
-              remove_package(name, version)
-            end
-            Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} removed")
-          end
-        else
-          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} package does not exist - nothing to do")
-        end
-      end
-
-      def have_any_matching_version?
-        f = []
-        new_version_array.each_with_index do |item, index|
-          f << (item == current_version_array[index])
-        end
-        f.any?
-      end
-
-      def removing_package?
-        if !current_version_array.any?
-          # ! any? means it's all nil's, which means nothing is installed
-          false
-        elsif !new_version_array.any?
-          true # remove any version of all packages
-        elsif have_any_matching_version?
-          true # remove the version we have
-        else
-          false # we don't have the version we want to remove
-        end
-      end
-
-      def action_purge
-        if removing_package?
-          description = @new_resource.version ? "version #{@new_resource.version} of" : ""
-          converge_by("purge #{description} package #{@current_resource.package_name}") do
-            multipackage_api_adapter(@current_resource.package_name, @new_resource.version) do |name, version|
-              purge_package(name, version)
-            end
-            Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} purged")
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      def action_reconfig
-        if @current_resource.version == nil then
-          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} is NOT installed - nothing to do")
-          return
-        end
-
-        unless @new_resource.response_file then
-          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} no response_file provided - nothing to do")
-          return
-        end
-
-        if preseed_file = get_preseed_file(@new_resource.package_name, @current_resource.version)
-          converge_by("reconfigure package #{@new_resource.package_name}") do
-            preseed_package(preseed_file)
-            multipackage_api_adapter(@new_resource.package_name, @current_resource.version) do |name, version|
-              reconfig_package(name, version)
-
-            end
-            Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} reconfigured")
-          end
-        else
-          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} preseeding has not changed - nothing to do")
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @todo use composition rather than inheritance
-
-      def multipackage_api_adapter(name, version)
-        if use_multipackage_api?
-          yield [name].flatten, [version].flatten
-        else
-          yield name, version
-        end
-      end
-
-      def install_package(name, version)
-        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :install"
-      end
-
-      def upgrade_package(name, version)
-        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :upgrade"
-      end
-
-      def remove_package(name, version)
-        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :remove"
-      end
-
-      def purge_package(name, version)
-        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :purge"
-      end
-
-      def preseed_package(file)
-        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support pre-seeding package install/upgrade instructions"
-      end
-
-      def reconfig_package(name, version)
-        raise( Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :reconfig" )
-      end
-
-      # used by subclasses.  deprecated.  use #a_to_s instead.
-      def expand_options(options)
-        options ? " #{options}" : ""
-      end
-
-      # this is public and overridden by subclasses (rubygems package implements '>=' and '~>' operators)
-      def target_version_already_installed?(current_version, new_version)
-        new_version == current_version
-      end
-
-      # @todo: extract apt/dpkg specific preseeding to a helper class
-      def get_preseed_file(name, version)
-        resource = preseed_resource(name, version)
-        resource.run_action(:create)
-        Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} fetched preseed file to #{resource.path}")
-
-        if resource.updated_by_last_action?
-          resource.path
-        else
-          false
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @todo: extract apt/dpkg specific preseeding to a helper class
-      def preseed_resource(name, version)
-        # A directory in our cache to store this cookbook's preseed files in
-        file_cache_dir = Chef::FileCache.create_cache_path("preseed/#{@new_resource.cookbook_name}")
-        # The full path where the preseed file will be stored
-        cache_seed_to = "#{file_cache_dir}/#{name}-#{version}.seed"
-
-        Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} fetching preseed file to #{cache_seed_to}")
-
-        if template_available?(@new_resource.response_file)
-          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} fetching preseed file via Template")
-          remote_file = Chef::Resource::Template.new(cache_seed_to, run_context)
-          remote_file.variables(@new_resource.response_file_variables)
-        elsif cookbook_file_available?(@new_resource.response_file)
-          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} fetching preseed file via cookbook_file")
-          remote_file = Chef::Resource::CookbookFile.new(cache_seed_to, run_context)
-        else
-          message = "No template or cookbook file found for response file #{@new_resource.response_file}"
-          raise Chef::Exceptions::FileNotFound, message
-        end
-
-        remote_file.cookbook_name = @new_resource.cookbook_name
-        remote_file.source(@new_resource.response_file)
-        remote_file.backup(false)
-        remote_file
-      end
-
-      # helper method used by subclasses
-      #
-      def as_array(thing)
-        [ thing ].flatten
-      end
-
-      private
-
-      # Returns the package names which need to be modified.  If the resource was called with an array of packages
-      # then this will return an array of packages to update (may have 0 or 1 entries).  If the resource was called
-      # with a non-array package_name to manage then this will return a string rather than an Array.  The output
-      # of this is meant to be fed into subclass interfaces to install/upgrade packages and not all of them are
-      # Array-aware.
-      #
-      # @return [String, Array<String>] package_name(s) to actually update/install
-      def package_names_for_targets
-        package_names_for_targets = []
-        target_version_array.each_with_index do |target_version, i|
-          next if target_version.nil?
-          package_name = package_name_array[i]
-          package_names_for_targets.push(package_name)
-        end
-        multipackage? ? package_names_for_targets : package_names_for_targets[0]
-      end
-
-      # Returns the package versions which need to be modified.  If the resource was called with an array of packages
-      # then this will return an array of versions to update (may have 0 or 1 entries).  If the resource was called
-      # with a non-array package_name to manage then this will return a string rather than an Array.  The output
-      # of this is meant to be fed into subclass interfaces to install/upgrade packages and not all of them are
-      # Array-aware.
-      #
-      # @return [String, Array<String>] package version(s) to actually update/install
-      def versions_for_targets
-        versions_for_targets = []
-        target_version_array.each_with_index do |target_version, i|
-          next if target_version.nil?
-          versions_for_targets.push(target_version)
-        end
-        multipackage? ? versions_for_targets : versions_for_targets[0]
-      end
-
-      # Return an array indexed the same as *_version_array which contains either the target version to install/upgrade to
-      # or else nil if the package is not being modified.
-      #
-      # @return [Array<String,NilClass>] array of package versions which need to be upgraded (nil = not being upgraded)
-      def target_version_array
-        @target_version_array ||=
-          begin
-            target_version_array = []
-
-            each_package do |package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version|
-              case action
-              when :upgrade
-
-                if !candidate_version
-                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} has no candidate_version to upgrade to")
-                  target_version_array.push(nil)
-                elsif current_version == candidate_version
-                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} the #{candidate_version} is already installed")
-                  target_version_array.push(nil)
-                else
-                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} is out of date, will upgrade to #{candidate_version}")
-                  target_version_array.push(candidate_version)
-                end
-
-              when :install
-
-                if new_version
-                  if target_version_already_installed?(current_version, new_version)
-                    Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} #{current_version} satisifies #{new_version} requirement")
-                    target_version_array.push(nil)
-                  else
-                    Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} #{current_version} needs updating to #{new_version}")
-                    target_version_array.push(new_version)
-                  end
-                elsif current_version.nil?
-                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} not installed, installing #{candidate_version}")
-                  target_version_array.push(candidate_version)
-                else
-                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} #{current_version} already installed")
-                  target_version_array.push(nil)
-                end
-
-              else
-                # in specs please test the public interface provider.run_action(:install) instead of provider.action_install
-                raise "internal error - target_version_array in package provider does not understand this action"
-              end
-            end
-
-            target_version_array
-          end
-      end
-
-      # Check the list of current_version_array and candidate_version_array. For any of the
-      # packages if both versions are missing (uninstalled and no candidate) this will be an
-      # unsolvable error.
-      #
-      # @return [Boolean] valid candidates exist for all uninstalled packages
-      def candidates_exist_for_all_uninstalled?
-        packages_missing_candidates.empty?
-      end
-
-      # Returns array of all packages which are missing candidate versions.
-      #
-      # @return [Array<String>] names of packages missing candidates
-      def packages_missing_candidates
-        @packages_missing_candidates ||=
-          begin
-            missing = []
-            each_package do |package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version|
-              missing.push(package_name) if candidate_version.nil? && current_version.nil?
-            end
-            missing
-          end
-      end
-
-      # This looks for packages which have a new_version and a current_version, and they are
-      # different (a "forced change") and for which there is no candidate.  This is an edge
-      # condition that candidates_exist_for_all_uninstalled? does not catch since in this case
-      # it is not uninstalled but must be installed anyway and no version exists.
-      #
-      # @return [Boolean] valid candidates exist for all uninstalled packages
-      def candidates_exist_for_all_forced_changes?
-        forced_packages_missing_candidates.empty?
-      end
-
-      # Returns an array of all forced packages which are missing candidate versions
-      #
-      # @return [Array] names of packages missing candidates
-      def forced_packages_missing_candidates
-        @forced_packages_missing_candidates ||=
-          begin
-            missing = []
-            each_package do |package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version|
-              next if new_version.nil? || current_version.nil?
-              if candidate_version.nil? && !target_version_already_installed?(current_version, new_version)
-                missing.push(package_name)
-              end
-            end
-            missing
-          end
-      end
-
-      # Helper to iterate over all the indexed *_array's in sync
-      #
-      # @yield [package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version] Description of block
-      def each_package
-        package_name_array.each_with_index do |package_name, i|
-          candidate_version = candidate_version_array[i]
-          current_version = current_version_array[i]
-          new_version = new_version_array[i]
-          yield package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version
-        end
-      end
-
-      # @return [Boolean] if we're doing a multipackage install or not
-      def multipackage?
-        new_resource.package_name.is_a?(Array)
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array] package_name(s) as an array
-      def package_name_array
-        [ new_resource.package_name ].flatten
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array] candidate_version(s) as an array
-      def candidate_version_array
-        [ candidate_version ].flatten
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array] current_version(s) as an array
-      def current_version_array
-        [ current_resource.version ].flatten
-      end
-
-      # @return [Array] new_version(s) as an array
-      def new_version_array
-        [ new_resource.version ].flatten.map { |v| v.to_s.empty? ? nil : v }
-      end
-
-      # TIP: less error prone to simply always call resolved_source_array, even if you
-      # don't think that you need to.
-      #
-      # @return [Array] new_resource.source as an array
-      def source_array
-        if new_resource.source.nil?
-          package_name_array.map { nil }
-        else
-          [ new_resource.source ].flatten
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Helper to handle use_package_name_for_source to convert names into local packages to install.
-      #
-      # @return [Array] Array of sources with package_names converted to sources
-      def resolved_source_array
-        @resolved_source_array ||=
-          begin
-            source_array.each_with_index.map do |source, i|
-              package_name = package_name_array[i]
-              # we require at least one '/' in the package_name to avoid [XXX_]package 'foo' breaking due to a random 'foo' file in cwd
-              if use_package_name_for_source? && source.nil? && package_name.match(/#{::File::SEPARATOR}/) && ::File.exist?(package_name)
-                Chef::Log.debug("No package source specified, but #{package_name} exists on filesystem, using #{package_name} as source.")
-                package_name
-              else
-                source
-              end
-            end
-          end
-      end
-
-      # @todo: extract apt/dpkg specific preseeding to a helper class
-      def template_available?(path)
-        run_context.has_template_in_cookbook?(new_resource.cookbook_name, path)
-      end
-
-      # @todo: extract apt/dpkg specific preseeding to a helper class
-      def cookbook_file_available?(path)
-        run_context.has_cookbook_file_in_cookbook?(new_resource.cookbook_name, path)
-      end
-
-      def allow_downgrade
-        if @new_resource.respond_to?("allow_downgrade")
-          @new_resource.allow_downgrade
-        else
-          false
-        end
-      end
-
-      def shell_out_with_timeout(*command_args)
-        shell_out(*add_timeout_option(command_args))
-      end
-
-      def shell_out_with_timeout!(*command_args)
-        shell_out!(*add_timeout_option(command_args))
-      end
-
-      def add_timeout_option(command_args)
-        args = command_args.dup
-        if args.last.is_a?(Hash)
-          options = args.pop.dup
-          options[:timeout] = new_resource.timeout if new_resource.timeout
-          options[:timeout] = 900 unless options.has_key?(:timeout)
-          args << options
-        else
-          args << { :timeout => new_resource.timeout ? new_resource.timeout : 900 }
-        end
-        args
-      end
-
-      # Helper for sublcasses to convert an array of string args into a string.  It
-      # will compact nil or empty strings in the array and will join the array elements
-      # with spaces, without introducing any double spaces for nil/empty elements.
-      #
-      # @param args [String] variable number of string arguments
-      # @return [String] nicely concatenated string or empty string
-      def a_to_s(*args)
-        args.reject { |i| i.nil? || i == "" }.join(" ")
-      end
-    end
-  end
-end
+#
+# Author:: Adam Jacob (<adam@chef.io>)
+# Copyright:: Copyright 2008-2016, Chef Software, Inc.
+# License:: Apache License, Version 2.0
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+
+require "chef/mixin/shell_out"
+require "chef/mixin/command"
+require "chef/mixin/subclass_directive"
+require "chef/log"
+require "chef/file_cache"
+require "chef/platform"
+
+class Chef
+  class Provider
+    class Package < Chef::Provider
+      include Chef::Mixin::Command
+      include Chef::Mixin::ShellOut
+      extend Chef::Mixin::SubclassDirective
+
+      # subclasses declare this if they want all their arguments as arrays of packages and names
+      subclass_directive :use_multipackage_api
+      # subclasses declare this if they want sources (filenames) pulled from their package names
+      subclass_directive :use_package_name_for_source
+
+      #
+      # Hook that subclasses use to populate the candidate_version(s)
+      #
+      # @return [Array, String] candidate_version(s) may be a string or array
+      attr_accessor :candidate_version
+
+      def initialize(new_resource, run_context)
+        super
+        @candidate_version = nil
+      end
+
+      def whyrun_supported?
+        true
+      end
+
+      def check_resource_semantics!
+        # FIXME: this is not universally true and subclasses are needing to override this and no-ops it.  It should be turned into
+        # another "subclass_directive" and the apt and yum providers should declare that they need this behavior.
+        if new_resource.package_name.is_a?(Array) && new_resource.source != nil
+          raise Chef::Exceptions::InvalidResourceSpecification, "You may not specify both multipackage and source"
+        end
+      end
+
+      def load_current_resource
+      end
+
+      def define_resource_requirements
+        # XXX: upgrade with a specific version doesn't make a whole lot of sense, but why don't we throw this anyway if it happens?
+        # if not, shouldn't we raise to tell the user to use install instead of upgrade if they want to pin a version?
+        requirements.assert(:install) do |a|
+          a.assertion { candidates_exist_for_all_forced_changes? }
+          a.failure_message(Chef::Exceptions::Package, "No version specified, and no candidate version available for #{forced_packages_missing_candidates.join(", ")}")
+          a.whyrun("Assuming a repository that offers #{forced_packages_missing_candidates.join(", ")} would have been configured")
+        end
+
+        # XXX: Does it make sense to pass in a source with :upgrade? Probably
+        # not, but as with the above comment, we don't yet enforce such a thing,
+        # so we'll just leave things as-is for now.
+        requirements.assert(:upgrade, :install) do |a|
+          a.assertion { candidates_exist_for_all_uninstalled? || new_resource.source }
+          a.failure_message(Chef::Exceptions::Package, "No candidate version available for #{packages_missing_candidates.join(", ")}")
+          a.whyrun("Assuming a repository that offers #{packages_missing_candidates.join(", ")} would have been configured")
+        end
+      end
+
+      def action_install
+        unless target_version_array.any?
+          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} is already installed - nothing to do")
+          return
+        end
+
+        # @todo: move the preseed code out of the base class (and complete the fix for Array of preseeds? ugh...)
+        if @new_resource.response_file
+          if preseed_file = get_preseed_file(package_names_for_targets, versions_for_targets)
+            converge_by("preseed package #{package_names_for_targets}") do
+              preseed_package(preseed_file)
+            end
+          end
+        end
+
+        converge_by(install_description) do
+          multipackage_api_adapter(package_names_for_targets, versions_for_targets) do |name, version|
+            install_package(name, version)
+          end
+          Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} installed #{package_names_for_targets} at #{versions_for_targets}")
+        end
+      end
+
+      def install_description
+        description = []
+        target_version_array.each_with_index do |target_version, i|
+          next if target_version.nil?
+          package_name = package_name_array[i]
+          description << "install version #{target_version} of package #{package_name}"
+        end
+        description
+      end
+
+      private :install_description
+
+      def action_upgrade
+        if !target_version_array.any?
+          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} no versions to upgrade - nothing to do")
+          return
+        end
+
+        converge_by(upgrade_description) do
+          multipackage_api_adapter(package_names_for_targets, versions_for_targets) do |name, version|
+            upgrade_package(name, version)
+          end
+          log_allow_downgrade = allow_downgrade ? "(allow_downgrade)" : ""
+          Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} upgraded#{log_allow_downgrade} #{package_names_for_targets} to #{versions_for_targets}")
+        end
+      end
+
+      def upgrade_description
+        log_allow_downgrade = allow_downgrade ? "(allow_downgrade)" : ""
+        description = []
+        target_version_array.each_with_index do |target_version, i|
+          next if target_version.nil?
+          package_name = package_name_array[i]
+          candidate_version = candidate_version_array[i]
+          current_version = current_version_array[i] || "uninstalled"
+          description << "upgrade#{log_allow_downgrade} package #{package_name} from #{current_version} to #{candidate_version}"
+        end
+        description
+      end
+
+      private :upgrade_description
+
+      def action_remove
+        if removing_package?
+          description = @new_resource.version ? "version #{@new_resource.version} of " : ""
+          converge_by("remove #{description}package #{@current_resource.package_name}") do
+            multipackage_api_adapter(@current_resource.package_name, @new_resource.version) do |name, version|
+              remove_package(name, version)
+            end
+            Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} removed")
+          end
+        else
+          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} package does not exist - nothing to do")
+        end
+      end
+
+      def have_any_matching_version?
+        f = []
+        new_version_array.each_with_index do |item, index|
+          f << (item == current_version_array[index])
+        end
+        f.any?
+      end
+
+      def removing_package?
+        if !current_version_array.any?
+          # ! any? means it's all nil's, which means nothing is installed
+          false
+        elsif !new_version_array.any?
+          true # remove any version of all packages
+        elsif have_any_matching_version?
+          true # remove the version we have
+        else
+          false # we don't have the version we want to remove
+        end
+      end
+
+      def action_purge
+        if removing_package?
+          description = @new_resource.version ? "version #{@new_resource.version} of" : ""
+          converge_by("purge #{description} package #{@current_resource.package_name}") do
+            multipackage_api_adapter(@current_resource.package_name, @new_resource.version) do |name, version|
+              purge_package(name, version)
+            end
+            Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} purged")
+          end
+        end
+      end
+
+      def action_reconfig
+        if @current_resource.version == nil then
+          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} is NOT installed - nothing to do")
+          return
+        end
+
+        unless @new_resource.response_file then
+          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} no response_file provided - nothing to do")
+          return
+        end
+
+        if preseed_file = get_preseed_file(@new_resource.package_name, @current_resource.version)
+          converge_by("reconfigure package #{@new_resource.package_name}") do
+            preseed_package(preseed_file)
+            multipackage_api_adapter(@new_resource.package_name, @current_resource.version) do |name, version|
+              reconfig_package(name, version)
+
+            end
+            Chef::Log.info("#{@new_resource} reconfigured")
+          end
+        else
+          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} preseeding has not changed - nothing to do")
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @todo use composition rather than inheritance
+
+      def multipackage_api_adapter(name, version)
+        if use_multipackage_api?
+          yield [name].flatten, [version].flatten
+        else
+          yield name, version
+        end
+      end
+
+      def install_package(name, version)
+        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :install"
+      end
+
+      def upgrade_package(name, version)
+        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :upgrade"
+      end
+
+      def remove_package(name, version)
+        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :remove"
+      end
+
+      def purge_package(name, version)
+        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :purge"
+      end
+
+      def preseed_package(file)
+        raise Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support pre-seeding package install/upgrade instructions"
+      end
+
+      def reconfig_package(name, version)
+        raise( Chef::Exceptions::UnsupportedAction, "#{self} does not support :reconfig" )
+      end
+
+      # used by subclasses.  deprecated.  use #a_to_s instead.
+      def expand_options(options)
+        options ? " #{options}" : ""
+      end
+
+      # this is public and overridden by subclasses (rubygems package implements '>=' and '~>' operators)
+      def target_version_already_installed?(current_version, new_version)
+        new_version == current_version
+      end
+
+      # @todo: extract apt/dpkg specific preseeding to a helper class
+      def get_preseed_file(name, version)
+        resource = preseed_resource(name, version)
+        resource.run_action(:create)
+        Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} fetched preseed file to #{resource.path}")
+
+        if resource.updated_by_last_action?
+          resource.path
+        else
+          false
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @todo: extract apt/dpkg specific preseeding to a helper class
+      def preseed_resource(name, version)
+        # A directory in our cache to store this cookbook's preseed files in
+        file_cache_dir = Chef::FileCache.create_cache_path("preseed/#{@new_resource.cookbook_name}")
+        # The full path where the preseed file will be stored
+        cache_seed_to = "#{file_cache_dir}/#{name}-#{version}.seed"
+
+        Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} fetching preseed file to #{cache_seed_to}")
+
+        if template_available?(@new_resource.response_file)
+          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} fetching preseed file via Template")
+          remote_file = Chef::Resource::Template.new(cache_seed_to, run_context)
+          remote_file.variables(@new_resource.response_file_variables)
+        elsif cookbook_file_available?(@new_resource.response_file)
+          Chef::Log.debug("#{@new_resource} fetching preseed file via cookbook_file")
+          remote_file = Chef::Resource::CookbookFile.new(cache_seed_to, run_context)
+        else
+          message = "No template or cookbook file found for response file #{@new_resource.response_file}"
+          raise Chef::Exceptions::FileNotFound, message
+        end
+
+        remote_file.cookbook_name = @new_resource.cookbook_name
+        remote_file.source(@new_resource.response_file)
+        remote_file.backup(false)
+        remote_file
+      end
+
+      # helper method used by subclasses
+      #
+      def as_array(thing)
+        [ thing ].flatten
+      end
+
+      private
+
+      # Returns the package names which need to be modified.  If the resource was called with an array of packages
+      # then this will return an array of packages to update (may have 0 or 1 entries).  If the resource was called
+      # with a non-array package_name to manage then this will return a string rather than an Array.  The output
+      # of this is meant to be fed into subclass interfaces to install/upgrade packages and not all of them are
+      # Array-aware.
+      #
+      # @return [String, Array<String>] package_name(s) to actually update/install
+      def package_names_for_targets
+        package_names_for_targets = []
+        target_version_array.each_with_index do |target_version, i|
+          next if target_version.nil?
+          package_name = package_name_array[i]
+          package_names_for_targets.push(package_name)
+        end
+        multipackage? ? package_names_for_targets : package_names_for_targets[0]
+      end
+
+      # Returns the package versions which need to be modified.  If the resource was called with an array of packages
+      # then this will return an array of versions to update (may have 0 or 1 entries).  If the resource was called
+      # with a non-array package_name to manage then this will return a string rather than an Array.  The output
+      # of this is meant to be fed into subclass interfaces to install/upgrade packages and not all of them are
+      # Array-aware.
+      #
+      # @return [String, Array<String>] package version(s) to actually update/install
+      def versions_for_targets
+        versions_for_targets = []
+        target_version_array.each_with_index do |target_version, i|
+          next if target_version.nil?
+          versions_for_targets.push(target_version)
+        end
+        multipackage? ? versions_for_targets : versions_for_targets[0]
+      end
+
+      # Return an array indexed the same as *_version_array which contains either the target version to install/upgrade to
+      # or else nil if the package is not being modified.
+      #
+      # @return [Array<String,NilClass>] array of package versions which need to be upgraded (nil = not being upgraded)
+      def target_version_array
+        @target_version_array ||=
+          begin
+            target_version_array = []
+
+            each_package do |package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version|
+              case action
+              when :upgrade
+
+                if !candidate_version
+                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} has no candidate_version to upgrade to")
+                  target_version_array.push(nil)
+                elsif current_version == candidate_version
+                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} the #{candidate_version} is already installed")
+                  target_version_array.push(nil)
+                else
+                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} is out of date, will upgrade to #{candidate_version}")
+                  target_version_array.push(candidate_version)
+                end
+
+              when :install
+
+                if new_version
+                  if target_version_already_installed?(current_version, new_version)
+                    Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} #{current_version} satisifies #{new_version} requirement")
+                    target_version_array.push(nil)
+                  else
+                    Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} #{current_version} needs updating to #{new_version}")
+                    target_version_array.push(new_version)
+                  end
+                elsif current_version.nil?
+                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} not installed, installing #{candidate_version}")
+                  target_version_array.push(candidate_version)
+                else
+                  Chef::Log.debug("#{new_resource} #{package_name} #{current_version} already installed")
+                  target_version_array.push(nil)
+                end
+
+              else
+                # in specs please test the public interface provider.run_action(:install) instead of provider.action_install
+                raise "internal error - target_version_array in package provider does not understand this action"
+              end
+            end
+
+            target_version_array
+          end
+      end
+
+      # Check the list of current_version_array and candidate_version_array. For any of the
+      # packages if both versions are missing (uninstalled and no candidate) this will be an
+      # unsolvable error.
+      #
+      # @return [Boolean] valid candidates exist for all uninstalled packages
+      def candidates_exist_for_all_uninstalled?
+        packages_missing_candidates.empty?
+      end
+
+      # Returns array of all packages which are missing candidate versions.
+      #
+      # @return [Array<String>] names of packages missing candidates
+      def packages_missing_candidates
+        @packages_missing_candidates ||=
+          begin
+            missing = []
+            each_package do |package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version|
+              missing.push(package_name) if candidate_version.nil? && current_version.nil?
+            end
+            missing
+          end
+      end
+
+      # This looks for packages which have a new_version and a current_version, and they are
+      # different (a "forced change") and for which there is no candidate.  This is an edge
+      # condition that candidates_exist_for_all_uninstalled? does not catch since in this case
+      # it is not uninstalled but must be installed anyway and no version exists.
+      #
+      # @return [Boolean] valid candidates exist for all uninstalled packages
+      def candidates_exist_for_all_forced_changes?
+        forced_packages_missing_candidates.empty?
+      end
+
+      # Returns an array of all forced packages which are missing candidate versions
+      #
+      # @return [Array] names of packages missing candidates
+      def forced_packages_missing_candidates
+        @forced_packages_missing_candidates ||=
+          begin
+            missing = []
+            each_package do |package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version|
+              next if new_version.nil? || current_version.nil?
+              if candidate_version.nil? && !target_version_already_installed?(current_version, new_version)
+                missing.push(package_name)
+              end
+            end
+            missing
+          end
+      end
+
+      # Helper to iterate over all the indexed *_array's in sync
+      #
+      # @yield [package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version] Description of block
+      def each_package
+        package_name_array.each_with_index do |package_name, i|
+          candidate_version = candidate_version_array[i]
+          current_version = current_version_array[i]
+          new_version = new_version_array[i]
+          yield package_name, new_version, current_version, candidate_version
+        end
+      end
+
+      # @return [Boolean] if we're doing a multipackage install or not
+      def multipackage?
+        new_resource.package_name.is_a?(Array)
+      end
+
+      # @return [Array] package_name(s) as an array
+      def package_name_array
+        [ new_resource.package_name ].flatten
+      end
+
+      # @return [Array] candidate_version(s) as an array
+      def candidate_version_array
+        [ candidate_version ].flatten
+      end
+
+      # @return [Array] current_version(s) as an array
+      def current_version_array
+        [ current_resource.version ].flatten
+      end
+
+      # @return [Array] new_version(s) as an array
+      def new_version_array
+        [ new_resource.version ].flatten.map { |v| v.to_s.empty? ? nil : v }
+      end
+
+      # TIP: less error prone to simply always call resolved_source_array, even if you
+      # don't think that you need to.
+      #
+      # @return [Array] new_resource.source as an array
+      def source_array
+        if new_resource.source.nil?
+          package_name_array.map { nil }
+        else
+          [ new_resource.source ].flatten
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Helper to handle use_package_name_for_source to convert names into local packages to install.
+      #
+      # @return [Array] Array of sources with package_names converted to sources
+      def resolved_source_array
+        @resolved_source_array ||=
+          begin
+            source_array.each_with_index.map do |source, i|
+              package_name = package_name_array[i]
+              # we require at least one '/' in the package_name to avoid [XXX_]package 'foo' breaking due to a random 'foo' file in cwd
+              if use_package_name_for_source? && source.nil? && package_name.match(/#{::File::SEPARATOR}/) && ::File.exist?(package_name)
+                Chef::Log.debug("No package source specified, but #{package_name} exists on filesystem, using #{package_name} as source.")
+                package_name
+              else
+                source
+              end
+            end
+          end
+      end
+
+      # @todo: extract apt/dpkg specific preseeding to a helper class
+      def template_available?(path)
+        run_context.has_template_in_cookbook?(new_resource.cookbook_name, path)
+      end
+
+      # @todo: extract apt/dpkg specific preseeding to a helper class
+      def cookbook_file_available?(path)
+        run_context.has_cookbook_file_in_cookbook?(new_resource.cookbook_name, path)
+      end
+
+      def allow_downgrade
+        if @new_resource.respond_to?("allow_downgrade")
+          @new_resource.allow_downgrade
+        else
+          false
+        end
+      end
+
+      def shell_out_with_timeout(*command_args)
+        shell_out(*add_timeout_option(command_args))
+      end
+
+      def shell_out_with_timeout!(*command_args)
+        shell_out!(*add_timeout_option(command_args))
+      end
+
+      def add_timeout_option(command_args)
+        args = command_args.dup
+        if args.last.is_a?(Hash)
+          options = args.pop.dup
+          options[:timeout] = new_resource.timeout if new_resource.timeout
+          options[:timeout] = 900 unless options.has_key?(:timeout)
+          args << options
+        else
+          args << { :timeout => new_resource.timeout ? new_resource.timeout : 900 }
+        end
+        args
+      end
+
+      # Helper for sublcasses to convert an array of string args into a string.  It
+      # will compact nil or empty strings in the array and will join the array elements
+      # with spaces, without introducing any double spaces for nil/empty elements.
+      #
+      # @param args [String] variable number of string arguments
+      # @return [String] nicely concatenated string or empty string
+      def a_to_s(*args)
+        args.reject { |i| i.nil? || i == "" }.join(" ")
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end