carray 1.3.6 → 1.5.3

data/{carray_access.c → ext/carray_access.c}

@@ -3,10 +3,8 @@
   carray_access.c
 
   This file is part of Ruby/CArray extension library.
-  You can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of
-  the Ruby Licence.
 
-  Copyright (C) 2005 Hiroki Motoyoshi
+  Copyright (C) 2005-2020 Hiroki Motoyoshi
 
 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
@@ -208,7 +206,7 @@ rb_ca_fetch_addr (VALUE self, ca_size_t addr)
   return out;
 }
 
-/* rdoc:
+/* yard:
   class CArray
     def fill
     end
@@ -293,7 +291,7 @@ ary_guess_shape (VALUE ary, int level, int *max_level, ca_size_t *dim)
   }
 }
 
-/* rdoc:
+/* yard:
   def CArray.guess_array_shape (arg)
   end
 */  
@@ -380,11 +378,11 @@ rb_ary_flatten_for_elements (VALUE ary, ca_size_t elements, void *ap)
   }
   else {
     same_shape = 1;
-    if ( max_level+1 < ca->rank ) {
+    if ( max_level+1 < ca->ndim ) {
       same_shape = 0;
     }
     else {
-      for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+      for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
         if ( ca->dim[i] != dim[i] ) {
           same_shape = 0;
           break;
@@ -395,7 +393,7 @@ rb_ary_flatten_for_elements (VALUE ary, ca_size_t elements, void *ap)
     if ( same_shape ) {
       VALUE out = rb_ary_new2(0);
       int len = 0;
-      ary_flatten_upto_level(ary, ca->rank-1, 0, out, &len);
+      ary_flatten_upto_level(ary, ca->ndim-1, 0, out, &len);
 
       if ( len != elements ) {
         return Qnil;
@@ -443,12 +441,12 @@ rb_ary_flatten_for_elements (VALUE ary, ca_size_t elements, void *ap)
   }
 
 void
-rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
+rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_ndim, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
                   long argc, VALUE *argv, CAIndexInfo *info)
 {
   int32_t i;
 
-  info->rank   = 0;
+  info->ndim   = 0;
   info->select = NULL;
 
   if ( argc == 0 ) { /* ca[] -> CA_REG_ALL */
@@ -481,7 +479,7 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
       Data_Get_Struct(arg, CArray, cs);
       if ( ca_is_integer_type(cs) ) { 
         #if 0
-        if ( ca_rank == 1 && cs->rank == 1 ) { /* ca[g] -> CA_REG_GRID (1d) */
+        if ( ca_ndim == 1 && cs->ndim == 1 ) { /* ca[g] -> CA_REG_GRID (1d) */
           info->type = CA_REG_GRID;
         }
         else {                             /* ca[m] -> CA_REG_MAPPER (2d...) */
@@ -510,9 +508,15 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
       }
     }
 
-    if ( TYPE(arg) == T_STRING ) {  /* ca["field"] -> CA_REG_MEMBER */
-      info->type   = CA_REG_MEMBER;
-      info->symbol = ID2SYM(rb_intern(StringValuePtr(arg)));
+    if ( TYPE(arg) == T_STRING ) {  
+      if ( StringValuePtr(arg)[0] == '@' ) { /* ca["@name"] -> CA_REG_ATTRIBUTE */
+        info->type   = CA_REG_ATTRIBUTE;
+        info->symbol = rb_str_new2(StringValuePtr(arg)+1);
+      }
+      else {                                 /* ca["field"] -> CA_REG_MEMBER */
+        info->type   = CA_REG_MEMBER;
+        info->symbol = ID2SYM(rb_intern(StringValuePtr(arg)));
+      }
       return;
     }
 
@@ -521,13 +525,15 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
       return;
     }
 
-    if ( ca_rank > 1 ) { /* ca.rank > 1 */
+    if ( ca_ndim > 1 ) { /* ca.ndim > 1 */
       if ( rb_obj_is_kind_of(arg, rb_cInteger) ) { /* ca[n] -> CA_REG_ADDRESS */
         ca_size_t addr;
         info->type = CA_REG_ADDRESS;
-        info->rank = 1;
+        info->ndim = 1;
         addr = NUM2SIZE(arg);
-        CA_CHECK_INDEX(addr, ca_elements);
+        if ( info->range_check ) {
+          CA_CHECK_INDEX(addr, ca_elements);
+        }
         info->index[0].scalar = addr;
         return;
       }
@@ -563,21 +569,21 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
 
       if ( argv[i] == Qfalse ) { /* ca[--,false,--] (rubber dimension) */
         has_rubber = 1;
-        if ( argc > ca_rank + 1 ) {
+        if ( argc > ca_ndim + 1 ) {
           rb_raise(rb_eIndexError,
-                   "index specification exceeds the rank of carray (%i)", 
-                   ca_rank);
+                   "index specification exceeds the ndim of carray (%i)", 
+                   ca_ndim);
         }
       }
     }
 
-    if ( ! has_rubber && ca_rank != argc ) {
+    if ( ! has_rubber && ca_ndim != argc ) {
       rb_raise(rb_eIndexError,
-               "number of indices exceeds the rank of carray (%i > %i)",
-               (int) argc, ca_rank);
+               "number of indices exceeds the ndim of carray (%i > %i)",
+               (int) argc, ca_ndim);
     }
 
-    info->rank = argc;
+    info->ndim = argc;
 
     for (i=0; i<argc; i++) {
       volatile VALUE arg = argv[i];
@@ -588,22 +594,24 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
         ca_size_t scalar;
         index_type[i] = CA_IDX_SCALAR;
         scalar = NUM2SIZE(arg);
-        CA_CHECK_INDEX_AT(scalar, ca_dim[i], i);
+        if ( info->range_check ) {
+          CA_CHECK_INDEX_AT(scalar, ca_dim[i], i);
+        }
         index[i].scalar = scalar;
       }
       else if ( NIL_P(arg) ) { /* ca[--,nil,--] */
         index_type[i] = CA_IDX_ALL;
       }
       else if ( arg == Qfalse ) { /* ca[--,false,--] */
-        int8_t rrank = ca_rank - argc + 1;
+        int8_t rndim = ca_ndim - argc + 1;
         int8_t j;
-        for (j=0; j<rrank; j++) {
+        for (j=0; j<rndim; j++) {
           index_type[i+j] = CA_IDX_ALL;
         }
-        i += rrank-1;
-        argv -= rrank-1;
-        argc  = ca_rank;
-        info->rank = ca_rank;
+        i += rndim-1;
+        argv -= rndim-1;
+        argc  = ca_ndim;
+        info->ndim = ca_ndim;
       }
       else if ( rb_obj_is_kind_of(arg, rb_cRange) ) { /* ca[--,i..j,--] */
         ca_size_t first, last, excl, count, step;
@@ -612,10 +620,23 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
         iv_end  = RANGE_END(arg);
         iv_excl = RANGE_EXCL(arg);
         index_type[i] = CA_IDX_BLOCK; /* convert to block */
-        first = NUM2SIZE(iv_beg);
-        last  = NUM2SIZE(iv_end);
+        if ( NIL_P(iv_beg) ) {
+          first = 0;                    
+        }
+        else {
+          first = NUM2SIZE(iv_beg);          
+        }
+        if ( NIL_P(iv_end) ) {
+          last  = -1;
+        }
+        else {
+          last  = NUM2SIZE(iv_end);          
+        }
         excl  = RTEST(iv_excl);
-        CA_CHECK_INDEX_AT(first, ca_dim[i], i);
+
+        if ( info->range_check ) {
+          CA_CHECK_INDEX_AT(first, ca_dim[i], i);
+        }
 
         if ( last < 0 ) { /* don't use CA_CHECK_INDEX for excl */
           last += ca_dim[i];
@@ -629,10 +650,12 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
           if ( excl ) {
             last += ( (last>=first) ? -1 : 1 );
           }
-          if ( last < 0 || last >= ca_dim[i] ) {
-            rb_raise(rb_eIndexError,
-                     "index %lld is out of range (0..%lld) at %i-dim",
-                     (ca_size_t) last, (ca_size_t) (ca_dim[i]-1), i);
+          if ( info->range_check ) {
+            if ( last < 0 || last >= ca_dim[i] ) {
+              rb_raise(rb_eIndexError,
+                       "index %lld is out of range (0..%lld) at %i-dim",
+                       (ca_size_t) last, (ca_size_t) (ca_dim[i]-1), i);
+            }
           }
           index[i].block.start = first;
           index[i].block.count = count = llabs(last - first) + 1;
@@ -687,9 +710,23 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
           }
           else if ( rb_obj_is_kind_of(arg0, rb_cRange) ) { /* ca[--,[i..j,k],--]*/
             ca_size_t start, last, excl, count, step, bound;
-            start = NUM2SIZE(RANGE_BEG(arg0));
-            last  = NUM2SIZE(RANGE_END(arg0));
-            excl  = RTEST(RANGE_EXCL(arg0));
+            volatile VALUE iv_beg, iv_end, iv_excl;
+            iv_beg  = RANGE_BEG(arg0);
+            iv_end  = RANGE_END(arg0);
+            iv_excl = RANGE_EXCL(arg0);
+            if ( NIL_P(iv_beg) ) {
+              start = 0;                    
+            }
+            else {
+              start = NUM2SIZE(iv_beg);          
+            }
+            if ( NIL_P(iv_end) ) {
+              last  = -1;
+            }
+            else {
+              last  = NUM2SIZE(iv_end);          
+            }
+            excl  = RTEST(iv_excl);
             step  = NUM2SIZE(arg1);
             if ( step == 0 ) {
               rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, 
@@ -797,10 +834,10 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
       }
     }
 
-    if ( ca_rank != info->rank ) {
+    if ( ca_ndim != info->ndim ) {
       rb_raise(rb_eIndexError,
-               "number of indices does not equal to the rank (%i != %i)",
-               info->rank, ca_rank);
+               "number of indices does not equal to the ndim (%i != %i)",
+               info->ndim, ca_ndim);
     }
 
     is_point     = 1;
@@ -808,7 +845,7 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
     is_iterator  = 0;
     is_grid      = 0;
 
-    for (i=0; i<info->rank; i++) {
+    for (i=0; i<info->ndim; i++) {
       switch ( info->index_type[i] ) {
       case CA_IDX_SCALAR:
         is_all   = 0;
@@ -850,7 +887,7 @@ rb_ca_scan_index (int ca_rank, ca_size_t *ca_dim, ca_size_t ca_elements,
     }
 
     if ( info->type == CA_REG_ITERATOR ) {
-      for (i=0; i<info->rank; i++) {
+      for (i=0; i<info->ndim; i++) {
         if ( info->index_type[i] == CA_IDX_SCALAR ) {
           ca_size_t start = info->index[i].scalar;
           info->index_type[i] = CA_IDX_BLOCK;
@@ -898,7 +935,7 @@ rb_ca_ref_point (VALUE self, CAIndexInfo *info)
   ca_size_t idx[CA_RANK_MAX];
   int8_t i;
   Data_Get_Struct(self, CArray, ca);
-  for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
     idx[i] = info->index[i].scalar;
   }
   return rb_ca_fetch_index(self, idx);
@@ -911,7 +948,7 @@ rb_ca_store_point (VALUE self, CAIndexInfo *info, volatile VALUE val)
   ca_size_t idx[CA_RANK_MAX];
   int8_t i;
   Data_Get_Struct(self, CArray, ca);
-  for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
     idx[i] = info->index[i].scalar;
   }
   if ( rb_obj_is_cscalar(val) ) {
@@ -1041,7 +1078,7 @@ rb_ca_store_all (VALUE self, VALUE rval)
 }
 
 static void
-rb_ca_index_restruct_block (int16_t *rankp, ca_size_t *shrink, ca_size_t *dim,
+rb_ca_index_restruct_block (int16_t *ndimp, ca_size_t *shrink, ca_size_t *dim,
                             ca_size_t *start, ca_size_t *step, ca_size_t *count,
                             ca_size_t *offsetp)
 {
@@ -1050,31 +1087,31 @@ rb_ca_index_restruct_block (int16_t *rankp, ca_size_t *shrink, ca_size_t *dim,
   ca_size_t step0[CA_RANK_MAX];
   ca_size_t count0[CA_RANK_MAX];
   ca_size_t idx[CA_RANK_MAX];
-  int16_t rank0, rank;
+  int16_t ndim0, ndim;
   ca_size_t offset0, offset, length;
   ca_size_t k, n;
   ca_size_t i, j, m;
 
-  rank0   = *rankp;
+  ndim0   = *ndimp;
   offset0 = *offsetp;
 
   /* store original start, step, count to start0, step0, count0 */
-  memcpy(dim0,   dim,   sizeof(ca_size_t) * rank0);
-  memcpy(start0, start, sizeof(ca_size_t) * rank0);
-  memcpy(step0,  step,  sizeof(ca_size_t) * rank0);
-  memcpy(count0, count, sizeof(ca_size_t) * rank0);
+  memcpy(dim0,   dim,   sizeof(ca_size_t) * ndim0);
+  memcpy(start0, start, sizeof(ca_size_t) * ndim0);
+  memcpy(step0,  step,  sizeof(ca_size_t) * ndim0);
+  memcpy(count0, count, sizeof(ca_size_t) * ndim0);
 
-  /* classify and calc rank */
+  /* classify and calc ndim */
   n = -1;
-  for (i=0; i<rank0; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ndim0; i++) {
     if ( ! shrink[i] ) {
       n += 1;
     }
     idx[i] = n;
   }
-  rank = n + 1;
+  ndim = n + 1;
 
-  *rankp = rank;
+  *ndimp = ndim;
 
   /* calc offset */
 
@@ -1092,7 +1129,7 @@ rb_ca_index_restruct_block (int16_t *rankp, ca_size_t *shrink, ca_size_t *dim,
     }
 
     length = 1;
-    for (i=j; i<rank0; i++) {
+    for (i=j; i<ndim0; i++) {
       length *= dim0[i];
     }
 
@@ -1103,13 +1140,13 @@ rb_ca_index_restruct_block (int16_t *rankp, ca_size_t *shrink, ca_size_t *dim,
 
   /* calc dim, start, step, count */
 
-  for (i=0; i<rank0; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ndim0; i++) {
     n = idx[i];
     if ( n == -1) {
       continue;
     }
 
-    for (j=i+1, m=i; j<rank0 && (idx[j] == n); j++) {
+    for (j=i+1, m=i; j<ndim0 && (idx[j] == n); j++) {
       ;
     }
 
@@ -1142,7 +1179,7 @@ rb_ca_ref_block (VALUE self, CAIndexInfo *info)
   ca_size_t step[CA_RANK_MAX];
   ca_size_t count[CA_RANK_MAX];
   ca_size_t shrink[CA_RANK_MAX];
-  int16_t rank = 0;
+  int16_t ndim = 0;
   ca_size_t offset = 0;
   ca_size_t flag = 0;
   ca_size_t elements;
@@ -1150,10 +1187,10 @@ rb_ca_ref_block (VALUE self, CAIndexInfo *info)
 
   Data_Get_Struct(self, CArray, ca);
 
-  rank = info->rank;
+  ndim = info->ndim;
 
   elements = 1;
-  for (i=0; i<info->rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<info->ndim; i++) {
     dim[i] = ca->dim[i];
     switch ( info->index_type[i] ) {
     case CA_IDX_SCALAR:
@@ -1170,7 +1207,7 @@ rb_ca_ref_block (VALUE self, CAIndexInfo *info)
     }
   }
 
-  for (i=0; i<info->rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<info->ndim; i++) {
     switch ( info->index_type[i] ) {
     case CA_IDX_SCALAR:
       start[i]  = info->index[i].scalar;
@@ -1193,7 +1230,7 @@ rb_ca_ref_block (VALUE self, CAIndexInfo *info)
     }
   }
 
-  for (i=0; i<rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ndim; i++) {
     if ( shrink[i] ) {
       flag = 1;
       break;
@@ -1201,16 +1238,16 @@ rb_ca_ref_block (VALUE self, CAIndexInfo *info)
   }
 
   refer = self;
-  rank  = ca->rank;
+  ndim  = ca->ndim;
 
   offset = 0;
 
   if ( flag ) {
-    rb_ca_index_restruct_block(&rank, shrink,
+    rb_ca_index_restruct_block(&ndim, shrink,
                               dim, start, step, count, &offset);
   }
 
-  return rb_ca_block_new(refer, rank, dim, start, step, count, offset);
+  return rb_ca_block_new(refer, ndim, dim, start, step, count, offset);
 }
 
 static VALUE
@@ -1224,7 +1261,7 @@ rb_ca_refer_new_flatten (VALUE self)
   return rb_ca_refer_new(self, ca->data_type, 1, &dim0, ca->bytes, 0);
 }
 
-/* rdoc:
+/* yard:
   class CArray
     def [] (*spec)
     end
@@ -1241,7 +1278,9 @@ rb_ca_fetch_method (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
  retry:
 
   Data_Get_Struct(self, CArray, ca);
-  rb_ca_scan_index(ca->rank, ca->dim, ca->elements, argc, argv, &info);
+
+  info.range_check = 1;
+  rb_ca_scan_index(ca->ndim, ca->dim, ca->elements, argc, argv, &info);
 
   switch ( info.type ) {
   case CA_REG_ADDRESS_COMPLEX:
@@ -1298,6 +1337,90 @@ rb_ca_fetch_method (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     }
     break;
   }
+  case CA_REG_ATTRIBUTE: {
+    obj = rb_funcall(self, rb_intern("attribute"), 0);
+    obj = rb_hash_aref(obj, info.symbol);
+    break;
+  }
+  default:
+    rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "invalid index specified");
+  }
+
+  return obj;
+}
+
+static VALUE
+rb_cs_fetch_method (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
+{
+  volatile VALUE obj = Qnil;
+  CArray *ca;
+  CAIndexInfo info;
+
+  Data_Get_Struct(self, CArray, ca);
+
+  info.range_check = 0;
+  rb_ca_scan_index(ca->ndim, ca->dim, ca->elements, argc, argv, &info);
+
+  switch ( info.type ) {
+  case CA_REG_ADDRESS_COMPLEX:
+    obj = rb_ca_fetch_addr(self, 0);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_ADDRESS:
+    obj = rb_ca_fetch_addr(self, 0);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_FLATTEN:
+    obj = self; /* rb_funcall(self, rb_intern("refer"), 0); */
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_POINT:
+    obj = rb_ca_fetch_addr(self, 0);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_ALL:
+    obj = self; /* rb_funcall(self, rb_intern("refer"), 0); */
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_BLOCK:
+    obj = self; /* rb_funcall(self, rb_intern("refer"), 0); */
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_SELECT:
+    obj = rb_ca_select_new(self, argv[0]);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_ITERATOR:
+    obj = rb_dim_iter_new(self, &info);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_REPEAT:
+    obj = rb_ca_repeat(argc, argv, self);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_UNBOUND_REPEAT:
+    obj = rb_funcall2(self, rb_intern("unbound_repeat"), (int) argc, argv);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_MAPPING:
+    obj = rb_ca_mapping(argc, argv, self);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_GRID:
+    obj = rb_ca_grid(argc, argv, self);
+    break;
+  case CA_REG_METHOD_CALL: {
+    volatile VALUE idx;
+    idx = rb_funcall2(self, SYM2ID(info.symbol), argc-1, argv+1);
+    obj = rb_ca_fetch(self, idx);
+    break;
+  }
+  case CA_REG_MEMBER: {
+    volatile VALUE data_class = rb_ca_data_class(self);
+    if ( ! NIL_P(data_class) ) {
+      obj = rb_ca_field_as_member(self, info.symbol);
+      break;
+    }
+    else {
+      rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, 
+               "can't refer member of carray doesn't have data_class");
+    }
+    break;
+  }
+  case CA_REG_ATTRIBUTE: {
+    obj = rb_funcall(self, rb_intern("attribute"), 0);
+    obj = rb_hash_aref(obj, info.symbol);
+    break;
+  }
   default:
     rb_raise(rb_eIndexError, "invalid index specified");
   }
@@ -1305,7 +1428,7 @@ rb_ca_fetch_method (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
   return obj;
 }
 
-/* rdoc:
+/* yard:
   class CArray
     def []= (*spec)
     end
@@ -1328,7 +1451,8 @@ rb_ca_store_method (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
   Data_Get_Struct(self, CArray, ca);
 
-  rb_ca_scan_index(ca->rank, ca->dim, ca->elements, argc, argv, &info);
+  info.range_check = 1;
+  rb_ca_scan_index(ca->ndim, ca->dim, ca->elements, argc, argv, &info);
 
   switch ( info.type ) {
   case CA_REG_ADDRESS_COMPLEX:
@@ -1403,6 +1527,11 @@ rb_ca_store_method (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     }
     break;
   }
+  case CA_REG_ATTRIBUTE: {
+    obj = rb_funcall(self, rb_intern("attribute"), 0);
+    obj = rb_hash_aset(obj, info.symbol, rval);
+    break;
+  }
   }
   return obj;
 }
@@ -1447,7 +1576,7 @@ rb_ca_store2 (VALUE self, int n, VALUE *rindex, VALUE rval)
   return rb_ca_store_method((int)RARRAY_LEN(index), RARRAY_PTR(index), self);
 }
 
-/* rdoc:
+/* yard:
   def CArray.scan_index(dim, idx)
   end
 */
@@ -1455,9 +1584,9 @@ rb_ca_store2 (VALUE self, int n, VALUE *rindex, VALUE rval)
 static VALUE
 rb_ca_s_scan_index (VALUE self, VALUE rdim, VALUE ridx)
 {
-  volatile VALUE rtype, rrank, rindex;
+  volatile VALUE rtype, rndim, rindex;
   CAIndexInfo info;
-  int     rank;
+  int     ndim;
   ca_size_t dim[CA_RANK_MAX];
   ca_size_t elements;
   int i;
@@ -1466,21 +1595,22 @@ rb_ca_s_scan_index (VALUE self, VALUE rdim, VALUE ridx)
   Check_Type(ridx, T_ARRAY);
 
   elements = 1;
-  rank = (int) RARRAY_LEN(rdim);
-  for (i=0; i<rank; i++) {
+  ndim = (int) RARRAY_LEN(rdim);
+  for (i=0; i<ndim; i++) {
     dim[i] = NUM2SIZE(rb_ary_entry(rdim, i));
     elements *= dim[i];
   }
 
-  CA_CHECK_RANK(rank);
-  CA_CHECK_DIM(rank, dim);
+  CA_CHECK_RANK(ndim);
+  CA_CHECK_DIM(ndim, dim);
 
-  rb_ca_scan_index(rank, dim, elements,
+  info.range_check = 1;
+  rb_ca_scan_index(ndim, dim, elements,
                    RARRAY_LEN(ridx), RARRAY_PTR(ridx), &info);
 
   rtype  = INT2NUM(info.type);
-  rrank  = INT2NUM(info.rank);
-  rindex = rb_ary_new2(info.rank);
+  rndim  = INT2NUM(info.ndim);
+  rindex = rb_ary_new2(info.ndim);
 
   switch ( info.type ) {
   case CA_REG_NONE:
@@ -1494,7 +1624,7 @@ rb_ca_s_scan_index (VALUE self, VALUE rdim, VALUE ridx)
   case CA_REG_ADDRESS_COMPLEX: {
     volatile VALUE rinfo;
     ca_size_t elements = 1;
-    for (i=0; i<rank; i++) {
+    for (i=0; i<ndim; i++) {
       elements *= dim[i];
     }
     rinfo = rb_ca_s_scan_index(self, rb_ary_new3(1, SIZE2NUM(elements)), ridx);
@@ -1503,7 +1633,7 @@ rb_ca_s_scan_index (VALUE self, VALUE rdim, VALUE ridx)
     break;
   }
   case CA_REG_POINT:
-    for (i=0; i<rank; i++) {
+    for (i=0; i<ndim; i++) {
       rb_ary_store(rindex, i, SIZE2NUM(info.index[i].scalar));
     }
     break;
@@ -1511,7 +1641,7 @@ rb_ca_s_scan_index (VALUE self, VALUE rdim, VALUE ridx)
     break;
   case CA_REG_BLOCK:
   case CA_REG_ITERATOR:
-    for (i=0; i<rank; i++) {
+    for (i=0; i<ndim; i++) {
       switch ( info.index_type[i] ) {
       case CA_IDX_SCALAR:
         rb_ary_store(rindex, i, SIZE2NUM(info.index[i].scalar));
@@ -1547,6 +1677,7 @@ rb_ca_s_scan_index (VALUE self, VALUE rdim, VALUE ridx)
   case CA_REG_METHOD_CALL:
   case CA_REG_UNBOUND_REPEAT:
   case CA_REG_MEMBER:  
+  case CA_REG_ATTRIBUTE:  
     break;
   default:
     rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "unknown index specification");
@@ -1555,7 +1686,7 @@ rb_ca_s_scan_index (VALUE self, VALUE rdim, VALUE ridx)
   return rb_struct_new(S_CAInfo, rtype, rindex);
 }
 
-/* rdoc:
+/* yard:
   class CArray
     def normalize_index (idx)
     end
@@ -1573,26 +1704,27 @@ rb_ca_normalize_index (VALUE self, VALUE ridx)
   Data_Get_Struct(self, CArray, ca);
   Check_Type(ridx, T_ARRAY);
 
-  rb_ca_scan_index(ca->rank, ca->dim, ca->elements,
+  info.range_check = 1;
+  rb_ca_scan_index(ca->ndim, ca->dim, ca->elements,
                    RARRAY_LEN(ridx), RARRAY_PTR(ridx), &info);
 
   switch ( info.type ) {
   case CA_REG_ALL:
   case CA_REG_SELECT:
   case CA_REG_ADDRESS:
-    rindex = rb_ary_new2(info.rank);
+    rindex = rb_ary_new2(info.ndim);
     rb_ary_store(rindex, 0, SIZE2NUM(info.index[0].scalar));
     return rindex;
   case CA_REG_POINT:
-    rindex = rb_ary_new2(info.rank);
-    for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+    rindex = rb_ary_new2(info.ndim);
+    for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
       rb_ary_store(rindex, i, SIZE2NUM(info.index[i].scalar));
     }
     return rindex;
   case CA_REG_BLOCK:
   case CA_REG_ITERATOR:
-    rindex = rb_ary_new2(info.rank);
-    for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+    rindex = rb_ary_new2(info.ndim);
+    for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
       switch ( info.index_type[i] ) {
       case CA_IDX_SCALAR:
         rb_ary_store(rindex, i, SIZE2NUM(info.index[i].scalar));
@@ -1627,7 +1759,7 @@ rb_ca_normalize_index (VALUE self, VALUE ridx)
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
-/* rdoc:
+/* yard:
   class CArray
     # converts addr to index
     def addr2index (addr)
@@ -1653,8 +1785,8 @@ rb_ca_addr2index (VALUE self, VALUE raddr)
              (ca_size_t) addr, (ca_size_t) (ca->elements-1));
   }
   dim = ca->dim;
-  out = rb_ary_new2(ca->rank);
-  for (i=ca->rank-1; i>=0; i--) { /* in descending order */
+  out = rb_ary_new2(ca->ndim);
+  for (i=ca->ndim-1; i>=0; i--) { /* in descending order */
     rb_ary_store(out, i, SIZE2NUM(addr % dim[i]));
     addr /= dim[i];
   }
@@ -1662,7 +1794,7 @@ rb_ca_addr2index (VALUE self, VALUE raddr)
   return out;
 }
 
-/* rdoc:
+/* yard:
   class CArray
     def index2addr (*index)
     end
@@ -1684,11 +1816,11 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
   Data_Get_Struct(self, CArray, ca);
 
-  if ( argc != ca->rank ) {
-    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "invalid rank of index");
+  if ( argc != ca->ndim ) {
+    rb_raise(rb_eRuntimeError, "invalid ndim of index");
   }
 
-  for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
     if ( ! rb_obj_is_kind_of(argv[i], rb_cInteger) ) {
       all_number = 0;
       break;
@@ -1698,7 +1830,7 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
   if ( all_number ) {
     dim = ca->dim;
     addr = 0;
-    for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+    for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
       k = NUM2SIZE(argv[i]);
       CA_CHECK_INDEX(k, dim[i]);
       addr = dim[i] * addr + k;
@@ -1707,7 +1839,7 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
   }
 
   elements = 1;
-  for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
     cidx[i] = ca_wrap_readonly(argv[i], CA_SIZE);
     if ( ! ca_is_scalar(cidx[i]) ) {
       if ( elements == 1 ) {
@@ -1719,7 +1851,7 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     }
   }
 
-  for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
     ca_attach(cidx[i]);
     ca_set_iterator(1, cidx[i], &p[i], &s[i]);
   }
@@ -1729,7 +1861,7 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
 
   q = (ca_size_t *) co->ptr;
 
-  ca_copy_mask_overwrite_n(co, elements, ca->rank, cidx);
+  ca_copy_mask_overwrite_n(co, elements, ca->ndim, cidx);
   m = ( co->mask ) ? (boolean8_t *) co->mask->ptr : NULL;
 
   dim = ca->dim;
@@ -1739,7 +1871,7 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     while ( n-- ) {
       if ( !*m ) {
         addr = 0;
-        for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+        for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
           k = *(p[i]);
           p[i]+=s[i];
           CA_CHECK_INDEX(k, dim[i]);
@@ -1748,7 +1880,7 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
         *q = addr;
       }
       else {
-        for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+        for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
           p[i]+=s[i];
         }
       }
@@ -1759,7 +1891,7 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     n = elements;  
     while ( n-- ) {
       addr = 0;
-      for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+      for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
         k = *(p[i]);
         p[i]+=s[i];
         CA_CHECK_INDEX(k, dim[i]);
@@ -1770,7 +1902,7 @@ rb_ca_index2addr (int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE self)
     }
   }
 
-  for (i=0; i<ca->rank; i++) {
+  for (i=0; i<ca->ndim; i++) {
     ca_detach(cidx[i]);
   }
 
@@ -1797,6 +1929,8 @@ Init_carray_access ()
   rb_define_method(rb_cCArray, "[]", rb_ca_fetch_method, -1);
   rb_define_method(rb_cCArray, "[]=", rb_ca_store_method, -1);
 
+  rb_define_method(rb_cCScalar, "[]", rb_cs_fetch_method, -1);
+
   rb_define_method(rb_cCArray, "fill", rb_ca_fill, 1);
   rb_define_method(rb_cCArray, "fill_copy", rb_ca_fill_copy, 1);
 
@@ -1828,6 +1962,7 @@ Init_carray_access ()
   rb_define_const(rb_cObject, "CA_REG_UNBOUND_REPEAT",
                                                  INT2NUM(CA_REG_UNBOUND_REPEAT));
   rb_define_const(rb_cObject, "CA_REG_MEMBER",   INT2NUM(CA_REG_MEMBER));
+  rb_define_const(rb_cObject, "CA_REG_ATTRIBUTE",   INT2NUM(CA_REG_ATTRIBUTE));
 
 }