bolt 0.0.1 → 0.5.0

data/vendored/puppet/lib/puppet/pops/evaluator/access_operator.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,706 @@
+module Puppet::Pops
+module Evaluator
+# AccessOperator handles operator []
+# This operator is part of evaluation.
+#
+class AccessOperator
+  # Provides access to the Puppet 3.x runtime (scope, etc.)
+  # This separation has been made to make it easier to later migrate the evaluator to an improved runtime.
+  #
+  include Runtime3Support
+
+  attr_reader :semantic
+
+  # Initialize with AccessExpression to enable reporting issues
+  # @param access_expression [Model::AccessExpression] the semantic object being evaluated
+  # @return [void]
+  #
+  def initialize(access_expression)
+    @@access_visitor ||= Visitor.new(self, "access", 2, nil)
+    @semantic = access_expression
+  end
+
+  def access (o, scope, *keys)
+    @@access_visitor.visit_this_2(self, o, scope, keys)
+  end
+
+  protected
+
+  def access_Object(o, scope, keys)
+    if o.is_a?(Puppet::Pops::Types::PuppetObject)
+      access_func = o._pcore_type.functions(true)['[]']
+      return access_func.invoke(o, scope, keys) unless access_func.nil?
+    end
+    fail(Issues::OPERATOR_NOT_APPLICABLE, @semantic.left_expr, :operator=>'[]', :left_value => o)
+  end
+
+  def access_Binary(o, scope, keys)
+    Puppet::Pops::Types::PBinaryType::Binary.from_binary_string(access_String(o.binary_buffer, scope, keys))
+  end
+
+  def access_String(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    result = case keys.size
+    when 0
+      fail(Issues::BAD_STRING_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic.left_expr, {:actual => keys.size})
+    when 1
+      # Note that Ruby 1.8.7 requires a length of 1 to produce a String
+      k1 = Utils.to_n(keys[0])
+      bad_string_access_key_type(o, 0, k1.nil? ? keys[0] : k1) unless k1.is_a?(Integer)
+      k2 = 1
+      k1 = k1 < 0 ? o.length + k1 : k1           # abs pos
+      # if k1 is outside, a length of 1 always produces an empty string
+      if k1 < 0
+        EMPTY_STRING
+      else
+        o[ k1, k2 ]
+      end
+    when 2
+      k1 = Utils.to_n(keys[0])
+      k2 = Utils.to_n(keys[1])
+      [k1, k2].each_with_index { |k,i| bad_string_access_key_type(o, i, k.nil? ? keys[i] : k) unless k.is_a?(Integer) }
+
+      k1 = k1 < 0 ? o.length + k1 : k1           # abs pos (negative is count from end)
+      k2 = k2 < 0 ? o.length - k1 + k2 + 1 : k2  # abs length (negative k2 is length from pos to end count)
+      # if k1 is outside, adjust to first position, and adjust length
+      if k1 < 0
+        k2 = k2 + k1
+        k1 = 0
+      end
+      o[ k1, k2 ]
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_STRING_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic.left_expr, {:actual => keys.size})
+    end
+    # Specified as: an index outside of range, or empty result == empty string
+    (result.nil? || result.empty?) ? EMPTY_STRING : result
+  end
+
+  # Parameterizes a PRegexp Type with a pattern string or r ruby egexp
+  #
+  def access_PRegexpType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    unless keys.size == 1
+      blamed = keys.size == 0 ? @semantic : @semantic.keys[1]
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, blamed, :base_type => o, :min=>1, :actual => keys.size)
+    end
+    assert_keys(keys, o, 1, 1, String, Regexp)
+    Types::TypeFactory.regexp(*keys)
+  end
+
+  # Evaluates <ary>[] with 1 or 2 arguments. One argument is an index lookup, two arguments is a slice from/to.
+  #
+  def access_Array(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    case keys.size
+    when 0
+      fail(Issues::BAD_ARRAY_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic.left_expr, {:actual => keys.size})
+    when 1
+      key = coerce_numeric(keys[0], @semantic.keys[0], scope)
+      unless key.is_a?(Integer)
+        bad_access_key_type(o, 0, key, Integer)
+      end
+      o[key]
+    when 2
+      # A slice [from, to] with support for -1 to mean start, or end respectively.
+      k1 = coerce_numeric(keys[0], @semantic.keys[0], scope)
+      k2 = coerce_numeric(keys[1], @semantic.keys[1], scope)
+
+      [k1, k2].each_with_index { |k,i| bad_access_key_type(o, i, k, Integer) unless k.is_a?(Integer) }
+
+      # Help confused Ruby do the right thing (it truncates to the right, but negative index + length can never overlap
+      # the available range.
+      k1 = k1 < 0 ? o.length + k1 : k1           # abs pos (negative is count from end)
+      k2 = k2 < 0 ? o.length - k1 + k2 + 1 : k2  # abs length (negative k2 is length from pos to end count)
+      # if k1 is outside, adjust to first position, and adjust length
+      if k1 < 0
+        k2 = k2 + k1
+        k1 = 0
+      end
+      # Help ruby always return empty array when asking for a sub array
+      result = o[ k1, k2 ]
+      result.nil? ? [] : result
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_ARRAY_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic.left_expr, {:actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+
+  # Evaluates <hsh>[] with support for one or more arguments. If more than one argument is used, the result
+  # is an array with each lookup.
+  # @note
+  #   Does not flatten its keys to enable looking up with a structure
+  #
+  def access_Hash(o, scope, keys)
+    # Look up key in hash, if key is nil, try alternate form (:undef) before giving up.
+    # This is done because the hash may have been produced by 3x logic and may thus contain :undef.
+    result = keys.collect do |k|
+      o.fetch(k) { |key| key.nil? ? o[:undef] : nil }
+    end
+    case result.size
+    when 0
+      fail(Issues::BAD_HASH_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic.left_expr, {:actual => keys.size})
+    when 1
+      result.pop
+    else
+      # remove nil elements and return
+      result.compact!
+      result
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PEnumType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    assert_keys(keys, o, 1, Float::INFINITY, String)
+    Types::TypeFactory.enum(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PVariantType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    assert_keys(keys, o, 1, Float::INFINITY, Types::PAnyType)
+    Types::TypeFactory.variant(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PSemVerType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    assert_keys(keys, o, 1, Float::INFINITY, String, SemanticPuppet::VersionRange)
+    Types::TypeFactory.sem_ver(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PTimestampType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, :base_type => o, :min=>0, :max => 2, :actual => keys.size) if keys.size > 2
+    Types::TypeFactory.timestamp(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PTimespanType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, :base_type => o, :min=>0, :max => 2, :actual => keys.size) if keys.size > 2
+    Types::TypeFactory.timespan(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PTupleType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if Types::TypeFactory.is_range_parameter?(keys[-2]) && Types::TypeFactory.is_range_parameter?(keys[-1])
+      size_type = Types::TypeFactory.range(keys[-2], keys[-1])
+      keys = keys[0, keys.size - 2]
+    elsif Types::TypeFactory.is_range_parameter?(keys[-1])
+      size_type = Types::TypeFactory.range(keys[-1], :default)
+      keys = keys[0, keys.size - 1]
+    end
+    assert_keys(keys, o, 1, Float::INFINITY, Types::PAnyType)
+    Types::TypeFactory.tuple(keys, size_type)
+  end
+
+  def access_PCallableType(o, scope, keys)
+    if keys.size > 0 && keys[0].is_a?(Array)
+      unless keys.size == 2
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, :base_type => o, :min=>2, :max => 2, :actual => keys.size)
+      end
+      unless keys[1].is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        bad_type_specialization_key_type(o, 1, k, Types::PAnyType)
+      end
+    end
+    Types::TypeFactory.callable(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PStructType(o, scope, keys)
+    assert_keys(keys, o, 1, 1, Hash)
+    Types::TypeFactory.struct(keys[0])
+  end
+
+  def access_PStringType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    case keys.size
+    when 1
+      size_t = collection_size_t(0, keys[0])
+    when 2
+      size_t = collection_size_t(0, keys[0], keys[1])
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_STRING_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:actual => keys.size})
+    end
+    Types::TypeFactory.string(size_t)
+  end
+
+  # Asserts type of each key and calls fail with BAD_TYPE_SPECIFICATION
+  # @param keys [Array<Object>] the evaluated keys
+  # @param o [Object] evaluated LHS reported as :base_type
+  # @param min [Integer] the minimum number of keys (typically 1)
+  # @param max [Numeric] the maximum number of keys (use same as min, specific number, or Float::INFINITY)
+  # @param allowed_classes [Class] a variable number of classes that each key must be an instance of (any)
+  # @api private
+  #
+  def assert_keys(keys, o, min, max, *allowed_classes)
+    size = keys.size
+    unless size.between?(min, max || Float::INFINITY)
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, :base_type => o, :min=>1, :max => max, :actual => keys.size)
+    end
+    keys.each_with_index do |k, i|
+      unless allowed_classes.any? {|clazz| k.is_a?(clazz) }
+        bad_type_specialization_key_type(o, i, k, *allowed_classes)
+      end
+    end
+  end
+
+  def bad_access_key_type(lhs, key_index, actual, *expected_classes)
+    fail(Issues::BAD_SLICE_KEY_TYPE, @semantic.keys[key_index], {
+      :left_value => lhs,
+      :actual => bad_key_type_name(actual),
+      :expected_classes => expected_classes
+    })
+  end
+
+  def bad_string_access_key_type(lhs, key_index, actual)
+    fail(Issues::BAD_STRING_SLICE_KEY_TYPE, @semantic.keys[key_index], {
+      :left_value => lhs,
+      :actual_type => bad_key_type_name(actual),
+    })
+  end
+
+  def bad_key_type_name(actual)
+    case actual
+    when nil
+      'Undef'
+    when :default
+      'Default'
+    else
+      Types::TypeCalculator.generalize(Types::TypeCalculator.infer(actual)).to_s
+    end
+  end
+
+  def bad_type_specialization_key_type(type, key_index, actual, *expected_classes)
+    label_provider = Model::ModelLabelProvider.new()
+    expected = expected_classes.map {|c| label_provider.label(c) }.join(' or ')
+    fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SPECIALIZATION, @semantic.keys[key_index], {
+      :type => type,
+      :message => _("Cannot use %{key} where %{expected} is expected") % { key: bad_key_type_name(actual), expected: expected }
+    })
+  end
+
+  def access_PPatternType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    assert_keys(keys, o, 1, Float::INFINITY, String, Regexp, Types::PPatternType, Types::PRegexpType)
+    Types::TypeFactory.pattern(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PErrorType(o, scope, keys)
+    # 1 - 2 parameters where both are string, regexp, or type
+    keys.flatten!
+    case keys.size
+    when 1, 2
+      pt = Types::PErrorType::TYPE_ERROR_PARAM
+      keys.each_with_index do |p, i|
+        unless pt.instance?(p)
+          fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[i], {:base_type => 'Error-Type', :actual => p.class})
+        end
+      end
+      Types::TypeFactory.error(*keys)
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'Error-Type', :min => 1, :max => 2, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_POptionalType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if keys.size == 1
+      type = keys[0]
+      unless type.is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        if type.is_a?(String)
+          type = Types::TypeFactory.string(type)
+        else
+          fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'Optional-Type', :actual => type.class})
+        end
+      end
+      Types::POptionalType.new(type)
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'Optional-Type', :min => 1, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PSensitiveType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if keys.size == 1
+      type = keys[0]
+      unless type.is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'Sensitive-Type', :actual => type.class})
+      end
+      Types::PSensitiveType.new(type)
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'Sensitive-Type', :min => 1, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PObjectType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if keys.size == 1
+      Types::TypeFactory.object(keys[0])
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'Object-Type', :min => 1, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PTypeSetType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if keys.size == 1
+      Types::TypeFactory.type_set(keys[0])
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'TypeSet-Type', :min => 1, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PNotUndefType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    case keys.size
+    when 0
+      Types::TypeFactory.not_undef
+    when 1
+      type = keys[0]
+      case type
+      when String
+        type = Types::TypeFactory.string(type)
+      when Types::PAnyType
+        type = nil if type.class == Types::PAnyType
+      else
+        fail(Issues::BAD_NOT_UNDEF_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'NotUndef-Type', :actual => type.class})
+      end
+      Types::TypeFactory.not_undef(type)
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'NotUndef-Type', :min => 0, :max => 1, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PTypeType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if keys.size == 1
+      unless keys[0].is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'Type-Type', :actual => keys[0].class})
+      end
+      Types::PTypeType.new(keys[0])
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'Type-Type', :min => 1, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PInitType(o, scope, keys)
+    unless keys[0].is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'Init-Type', :actual => keys[0].class})
+    end
+    Types::TypeFactory.init(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PIterableType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if keys.size == 1
+      unless keys[0].is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'Iterable-Type', :actual => keys[0].class})
+      end
+      Types::PIterableType.new(keys[0])
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'Iterable-Type', :min => 1, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PIteratorType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if keys.size == 1
+      unless keys[0].is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'Iterator-Type', :actual => keys[0].class})
+      end
+      Types::PIteratorType.new(keys[0])
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:base_type => 'Iterator-Type', :min => 1, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+  end
+
+  def access_PRuntimeType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    assert_keys(keys, o, 2, 2, String, String)
+    # create runtime type based on runtime and name of class, (not inference of key's type)
+    Types::TypeFactory.runtime(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PIntegerType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    unless keys.size.between?(1, 2)
+      fail(Issues::BAD_INTEGER_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:actual => keys.size})
+    end
+    keys.each_with_index do |x, index|
+      fail(Issues::BAD_INTEGER_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[index],
+        {:actual => x.class}) unless (x.is_a?(Integer) || x == :default)
+    end
+    Types::PIntegerType.new(*keys)
+  end
+
+  def access_PFloatType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    unless keys.size.between?(1, 2)
+      fail(Issues::BAD_FLOAT_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {:actual => keys.size})
+    end
+    keys.each_with_index do |x, index|
+      fail(Issues::BAD_FLOAT_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[index],
+        {:actual => x.class}) unless (x.is_a?(Float) || x.is_a?(Integer) || x == :default)
+    end
+    from, to = keys
+    from = from == :default || from.nil? ? nil : Float(from)
+    to = to == :default || to.nil? ? nil : Float(to)
+    Types::PFloatType.new(from, to)
+  end
+
+  # A Hash can create a new Hash type, one arg sets value type, two args sets key and value type in new type.
+  # With 3 or 4 arguments, these are used to create a size constraint.
+  # It is not possible to create a collection of Hash types directly.
+  #
+  def access_PHashType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    if keys.size == 2 && keys[0].is_a?(Integer) && keys[1].is_a?(Integer)
+      return Types::PHashType.new(nil, nil, Types::PIntegerType.new(*keys))
+    end
+
+    keys[0,2].each_with_index do |k, index|
+      unless k.is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[index], {:base_type => 'Hash-Type', :actual => k.class})
+      end
+    end
+    case keys.size
+    when 2
+      size_t = nil
+    when 3
+      size_t = keys[2]
+      size_t = Types::PIntegerType.new(size_t) unless size_t.is_a?(Types::PIntegerType)
+    when 4
+      size_t = collection_size_t(2, keys[2], keys[3])
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic, {
+        :base_type => 'Hash-Type', :min => 2, :max => 4, :actual => keys.size
+      })
+    end
+    Types::PHashType.new(keys[0], keys[1], size_t)
+  end
+
+  # CollectionType is parameterized with a range
+  def access_PCollectionType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    case keys.size
+    when 1
+      size_t = collection_size_t(0, keys[0])
+    when 2
+      size_t = collection_size_t(0, keys[0], keys[1])
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic,
+        {:base_type => 'Collection-Type', :min => 1, :max => 2, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+    Types::PCollectionType.new(size_t)
+  end
+
+  # An Array can create a new Array type. It is not possible to create a collection of Array types.
+  #
+  def access_PArrayType(o, scope, keys)
+    keys.flatten!
+    case keys.size
+    when 1
+      unless keys[0].is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'Array-Type', :actual => keys[0].class})
+      end
+      type = keys[0]
+      size_t = nil
+    when 2
+      if keys[0].is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        size_t = collection_size_t(1, keys[1])
+        type = keys[0]
+      else
+        size_t = collection_size_t(0, keys[0], keys[1])
+        type = nil
+      end
+    when 3
+      if keys[0].is_a?(Types::PAnyType)
+        size_t = collection_size_t(1, keys[1], keys[2])
+        type = keys[0]
+      else
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[0], {:base_type => 'Array-Type', :actual => keys[0].class})
+      end
+    else
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, @semantic,
+        {:base_type => 'Array-Type', :min => 1, :max => 3, :actual => keys.size})
+    end
+    Types::PArrayType.new(type, size_t)
+  end
+
+  # Produces an PIntegerType (range) given one or two keys.
+  def collection_size_t(start_index, *keys)
+    if keys.size == 1 && keys[0].is_a?(Types::PIntegerType)
+      keys[0]
+    else
+      keys.each_with_index do |x, index|
+        fail(Issues::BAD_COLLECTION_SLICE_TYPE, @semantic.keys[start_index + index],
+          {:actual => x.class}) unless (x.is_a?(Integer) || x == :default)
+      end
+      Types::PIntegerType.new(*keys)
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A Puppet::Resource represents either just a type (no title), or is a fully qualified type/title.
+  #
+  def access_Resource(o, scope, keys)
+    # To access a Puppet::Resource as if it was a PResourceType, simply infer it, and take the type of
+    # the parameterized meta type (i.e. Type[Resource[the_resource_type, the_resource_title]])
+    t = Types::TypeCalculator.infer(o).type
+    # must map "undefined title" from resource to nil
+    t.title = nil if t.title == EMPTY_STRING
+    access(t, scope, *keys)
+  end
+
+  # If a type reference is encountered here, it's an error
+  def access_PTypeReferenceType(o, scope, keys)
+    fail(Issues::UNKNOWN_RESOURCE_TYPE, @semantic, {:type_name => o.type_string })
+  end
+
+  # A Resource can create a new more specific Resource type, and/or an array of resource types
+  # If the given type has title set, it can not be specified further.
+  # @example
+  #   Resource[File]               # => File
+  #   Resource[File, 'foo']        # => File[foo]
+  #   Resource[File. 'foo', 'bar'] # => [File[foo], File[bar]]
+  #   File['foo', 'bar']           # => [File[foo], File[bar]]
+  #   File['foo']['bar']           # => Value of the 'bar' parameter in the File['foo'] resource
+  #   Resource[File]['foo', 'bar'] # => [File[Foo], File[bar]]
+  #   Resource[File, 'foo', 'bar'] # => [File[foo], File[bar]]
+  #   Resource[File, 'foo']['bar'] # => Value of the 'bar' parameter in the File['foo'] resource
+  #
+  def access_PResourceType(o, scope, keys)
+    blamed = keys.size == 0 ? @semantic : @semantic.keys[0]
+
+    if keys.size == 0
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, blamed,
+        :base_type => o.to_s, :min => 1, :max => -1, :actual => 0)
+    end
+
+    # Must know which concrete resource type to operate on in all cases.
+    # It is not allowed to specify the type in an array arg - e.g. Resource[[File, 'foo']]
+    # type_name is LHS type_name if set, else the first given arg
+    type_name = o.type_name || Types::TypeFormatter.singleton.capitalize_segments(keys.shift)
+    type_name = case type_name
+    when Types::PResourceType
+      type_name.type_name
+    when String
+      type_name
+    else
+      # blame given left expression if it defined the type, else the first given key expression
+      blame = o.type_name.nil? ? @semantic.keys[0] : @semantic.left_expr
+      fail(Issues::ILLEGAL_RESOURCE_SPECIALIZATION, blame, {:actual => bad_key_type_name(type_name)})
+    end
+
+    # type name must conform
+    if type_name !~ Patterns::CLASSREF_EXT
+      fail(Issues::ILLEGAL_CLASSREF, blamed, {:name=>type_name})
+    end
+
+    # The result is an array if multiple titles are given, or if titles are specified with an array
+    # (possibly multiple arrays, and nested arrays).
+    result_type_array = keys.size > 1 || keys[0].is_a?(Array)
+    keys_orig_size = keys.size
+
+    keys.flatten!
+    keys.compact!
+
+    # If given keys  that were just a mix of empty/nil with empty array as a result.
+    # As opposed to calling the function the wrong way (without any arguments), (configurable issue),
+    # Return an empty array
+    #
+    if keys.empty? && keys_orig_size > 0
+      optionally_fail(Issues::EMPTY_RESOURCE_SPECIALIZATION, blamed)
+      return result_type_array ? [] : nil
+    end
+
+    if !o.title.nil?
+      # lookup resource and return one or more parameter values
+      resource = find_resource(scope, o.type_name, o.title)
+      unless resource
+        fail(Issues::UNKNOWN_RESOURCE, @semantic, {:type_name => o.type_name, :title => o.title})
+      end
+
+      result = keys.map do |k|
+        unless is_parameter_of_resource?(scope, resource, k)
+          fail(Issues::UNKNOWN_RESOURCE_PARAMETER, @semantic,
+            {:type_name => o.type_name, :title => o.title, :param_name=>k})
+        end
+        get_resource_parameter_value(scope, resource, k)
+      end
+      return result_type_array ? result : result.pop
+    end
+
+
+    keys = [:no_title] if keys.size < 1 # if there was only a type_name and it was consumed
+    result = keys.each_with_index.map do |t, i|
+      unless t.is_a?(String) || t == :no_title
+        index = keys_orig_size != keys.size ? i+1 : i
+        fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SPECIALIZATION, @semantic.keys[index], {
+          :type => o,
+          :message => "Cannot use #{bad_key_type_name(t)} where a resource title String is expected"
+        })
+      end
+
+      Types::PResourceType.new(type_name, t == :no_title ? nil : t)
+    end
+    # returns single type if request was for a single entity, else an array of types (possibly empty)
+    return result_type_array ? result : result.pop
+  end
+
+  NS = '::'.freeze
+
+  def access_PClassType(o, scope, keys)
+    blamed = keys.size == 0 ? @semantic : @semantic.keys[0]
+    keys_orig_size = keys.size
+
+    if keys_orig_size == 0
+      fail(Issues::BAD_TYPE_SLICE_ARITY, blamed,
+        :base_type => o.to_s, :min => 1, :max => -1, :actual => 0)
+    end
+
+    # The result is an array if multiple classnames are given, or if classnames are specified with an array
+    # (possibly multiple arrays, and nested arrays).
+    result_type_array = keys.size > 1 || keys[0].is_a?(Array)
+
+    keys.flatten!
+    keys.compact!
+
+    # If given keys  that were just a mix of empty/nil with empty array as a result.
+    # As opposed to calling the function the wrong way (without any arguments), (configurable issue),
+    # Return an empty array
+    #
+    if keys.empty? && keys_orig_size > 0
+      optionally_fail(Issues::EMPTY_RESOURCE_SPECIALIZATION, blamed)
+      return result_type_array ? [] : nil
+    end
+
+    if o.class_name.nil?
+      result = keys.each_with_index.map do |c, i|
+        fail(Issues::ILLEGAL_HOSTCLASS_NAME, @semantic.keys[i], {:name => c}) unless c.is_a?(String)
+        name = c.downcase
+        # Remove leading '::' since all references are global, and 3x runtime does the wrong thing
+        name = name[2..-1] if name[0,2] == NS
+
+        fail(Issues::ILLEGAL_NAME, @semantic.keys[i], {:name=>c}) unless name =~ Patterns::NAME
+        Types::PClassType.new(name)
+      end
+    else
+      # lookup class resource and return one or more parameter values
+      resource = find_resource(scope, 'class', o.class_name)
+      if resource
+        result = keys.map do |k|
+          if is_parameter_of_resource?(scope, resource, k)
+            get_resource_parameter_value(scope, resource, k)
+          else
+            fail(Issues::UNKNOWN_RESOURCE_PARAMETER, @semantic,
+              {:type_name => 'Class', :title => o.class_name, :param_name=>k})
+          end
+        end
+      else
+        fail(Issues::UNKNOWN_RESOURCE, @semantic, {:type_name => 'Class', :title => o.class_name})
+      end
+    end
+
+    # returns single type as type, else an array of types
+    return result_type_array ? result : result.pop
+  end
+end
+end
+end