activerecord 6.1.7 → 7.2.0

data/CHANGELOG.md

@@ -1,1767 +1,902 @@
-## Rails 6.1.7 (September 09, 2022) ##
+## Rails 7.2.0 (August 09, 2024) ##
 
-*   Symbol is allowed by default for YAML columns
+*   Handle commas in Sqlite3 default function definitions.
 
-    *Étienne Barrié*
+    *Stephen Margheim*
 
-*   Fix `ActiveRecord::Store` to serialize as a regular Hash
+*   Fixes `validates_associated` raising an exception when configured with a
+    singular association and having `index_nested_attribute_errors` enabled.
 
-    Previously it would serialize as an `ActiveSupport::HashWithIndifferentAccess`
-    which is wasteful and cause problem with YAML safe_load.
+    *Martin Spickermann*
 
-    *Jean Boussier*
-
-*   Fix PG.connect keyword arguments deprecation warning on ruby 2.7
-
-    Fixes #44307.
-
-    *Nikita Vasilevsky*
-
-## Rails 6.1.6.1 (July 12, 2022) ##
-
-*   Change ActiveRecord::Coders::YAMLColumn default to safe_load
-
-    This adds two new configuration options The configuration options are as
-    follows:
-    
-    * `config.active_storage.use_yaml_unsafe_load`
-    
-    When set to true, this configuration option tells Rails to use the old
-    "unsafe" YAML loading strategy, maintaining the existing behavior but leaving
-    the possible escalation vulnerability in place.  Setting this option to true
-    is *not* recommended, but can aid in upgrading.
-    
-    * `config.active_record.yaml_column_permitted_classes`
-    
-    The "safe YAML" loading method does not allow all classes to be deserialized
-    by default.  This option allows you to specify classes deemed "safe" in your
-    application.  For example, if your application uses Symbol and Time in
-    serialized data, you can add Symbol and Time to the allowed list as follows:
-    
-    ```
-    config.active_record.yaml_column_permitted_classes = [Symbol, Date, Time]
-    ```
-
-    [CVE-2022-32224]
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.6 (May 09, 2022) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.5.1 (April 26, 2022) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.5 (March 09, 2022) ##
-
-*   Fix `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::SchemaCache#deep_deduplicate` for Ruby 2.6.
-
-    Ruby 2.6 and 2.7 have slightly different implementations of the `String#-@` method.
-    In Ruby 2.6, the receiver of the `String#-@` method is modified under certain circumstances.
-    This was later identified as a bug (https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/15926) and only
-    fixed in Ruby 2.7.
-
-    Before the changes in this commit, the
-    `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::SchemaCache#deep_deduplicate` method, which internally
-    calls the `String#-@` method, could also modify an input string argument in Ruby 2.6 --
-    changing a tainted, unfrozen string into a tainted, frozen string.
-
-    Fixes #43056
-
-    *Eric O'Hanlon*
-
-*   Fix migration compatibility to create SQLite references/belongs_to column as integer when
-    migration version is 6.0.
-
-    `reference`/`belongs_to` in migrations with version 6.0 were creating columns as
-    bigint instead of integer for the SQLite Adapter.
-
-    *Marcelo Lauxen*
-
-*   Fix dbconsole for 3-tier config.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
-
-*   Better handle SQL queries with invalid encoding.
-
-    ```ruby
-    Post.create(name: "broken \xC8 UTF-8")
-    ```
-
-    Would cause all adapters to fail in a non controlled way in the code
-    responsible to detect write queries.
-
-    The query is now properly passed to the database connection, which might or might
-    not be able to handle it, but will either succeed or failed in a more correct way.
-
-    *Jean Boussier*
-
-*   Ignore persisted in-memory records when merging target lists.
-
-    *Kevin Sjöberg*
-
-*   Fix regression bug that caused ignoring additional conditions for preloading
-    `has_many` through relations.
-
-    Fixes #43132
-
-    *Alexander Pauly*
-
-*   Fix `ActiveRecord::InternalMetadata` to not be broken by
-    `config.active_record.record_timestamps = false`
-
-    Since the model always create the timestamp columns, it has to set them, otherwise it breaks
-    various DB management tasks.
-
-    Fixes #42983
-
-    *Jean Boussier*
-
-*   Fix duplicate active record objects on `inverse_of`.
-
-    *Justin Carvalho*
-
-*   Fix duplicate objects stored in has many association after save.
-
-    Fixes #42549.
-
-    *Alex Ghiculescu*
-
-*   Fix performance regression in `CollectionAssocation#build`.
-
-    *Alex Ghiculescu*
-
-*   Fix retrieving default value for text column for MariaDB.
-
-    *fatkodima*
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.4.7 (March 08, 2022) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.4.6 (February 11, 2022) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.4.5 (February 11, 2022) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.4.4 (December 15, 2021) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.4.3 (December 14, 2021) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.4.2 (December 14, 2021) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.4.1 (August 19, 2021) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.4 (June 24, 2021) ##
-
-*   Do not try to rollback transactions that failed due to a `ActiveRecord::TransactionRollbackError`.
-
-    *Jamie McCarthy*
-
-*   Raise an error if `pool_config` is `nil` in `set_pool_config`.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
-
-*   Fix compatibility with `psych >= 4`.
-
-    Starting in Psych 4.0.0 `YAML.load` behaves like `YAML.safe_load`. To preserve compatibility
-    Active Record's schema cache loader and `YAMLColumn` now uses `YAML.unsafe_load` if available.
-
-    *Jean Boussier*
-
-*   Support using replicas when using `rails dbconsole`.
-
-    *Christopher Thornton*
-
-*   Restore connection pools after transactional tests.
-
-    *Eugene Kenny*
-
-*   Change `upsert_all` to fails cleanly for MySQL when `:unique_by` is used.
-
-    *Bastian Bartmann*
-
-*   Fix user-defined `self.default_scope` to respect table alias.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Clear `@cache_keys` cache after `update_all`, `delete_all`, `destroy_all`.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Changed Arel predications `contains` and `overlaps` to use
-    `quoted_node` so that PostgreSQL arrays are quoted properly.
-
-    *Bradley Priest*
-
-*   Fix `merge` when the `where` clauses have string contents.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Fix rollback of parent destruction with nested `dependent: :destroy`.
-
-    *Jacopo Beschi*
-
-*   Fix binds logging for `"WHERE ... IN ..."` statements.
-
-    *Ricardo Díaz*
-
-*   Handle `false` in relation strict loading checks.
-
-    Previously when a model had strict loading set to true and then had a
-    relation set `strict_loading` to false the false wasn't considered when
-    deciding whether to raise/warn about strict loading.
-
-    ```
-    class Dog < ActiveRecord::Base
-      self.strict_loading_by_default = true
-
-      has_many :treats, strict_loading: false
-    end
-    ```
-
-    In the example, `dog.treats` would still raise even though
-    `strict_loading` was set to false. This is a bug affecting more than
-    Active Storage which is why I made this PR superseding #41461. We need
-    to fix this for all applications since the behavior is a little
-    surprising. I took the test from #41461 and the code suggestion from #41453
-    with some additions.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Radamés Roriz*
-
-*   Fix numericality validator without precision.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Fix aggregate attribute on Enum types.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Fix `CREATE INDEX` statement generation for PostgreSQL.
-
-    *eltongo*
-
-*   Fix where clause on enum attribute when providing array of strings.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Fix `unprepared_statement` to work it when nesting.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.3.2 (May 05, 2021) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.3.1 (March 26, 2021) ##
-
-*   No changes.
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.3 (February 17, 2021) ##
-
-*   Fix the MySQL adapter to always set the right collation and charset
-    to the connection session.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Fix MySQL adapter handling of time objects when prepared statements
-    are enabled.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Fix scoping in enum fields using conditions that would generate
-    an `IN` clause.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Skip optimised #exist? query when #include? is called on a relation
-    with a having clause
-
-    Relations that have aliased select values AND a having clause that
-    references an aliased select value would generate an error when
-    #include? was called, due to an optimisation that would generate
-    call #exists? on the relation instead, which effectively alters
-    the select values of the query (and thus removes the aliased select
-    values), but leaves the having clause intact. Because the having
-    clause is then referencing an aliased column that is no longer
-    present in the simplified query, an ActiveRecord::InvalidStatement
-    error was raised.
-
-    An sample query affected by this problem:
-
-    ```ruby
-    Author.select('COUNT(*) as total_posts', 'authors.*')
-          .joins(:posts)
-          .group(:id)
-          .having('total_posts > 2')
-          .include?(Author.first)
-    ```
-
-    This change adds an addition check to the condition that skips the
-    simplified #exists? query, which simply checks for the presence of
-    a having clause.
-
-    Fixes #41417
-
-    *Michael Smart*
-
-*   Increment postgres prepared statement counter before making a prepared statement, so if the statement is aborted
-    without Rails knowledge (e.g., if app gets kill -9d during long-running query or due to Rack::Timeout), app won't end
-    up in perpetual crash state for being inconsistent with Postgres.
-
-    *wbharding*, *Martin Tepper*
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.2.1 (February 10, 2021) ##
-
-*   Fix possible DoS vector in PostgreSQL money type
-
-    Carefully crafted input can cause a DoS via the regular expressions used
-    for validating the money format in the PostgreSQL adapter.  This patch
-    fixes the regexp.
-
-    Thanks to @dee-see from Hackerone for this patch!
-
-    [CVE-2021-22880]
-
-    *Aaron Patterson*
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.2 (February 09, 2021) ##
-
-*   Fix timestamp type for sqlite3.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
-
-*   Make destroy async transactional.
-
-    An active record rollback could occur while enqueuing a job. In this
-    case the job would enqueue even though the database deletion
-    rolledback putting things in a funky state.
-
-    Now the jobs are only enqueued until after the db transaction has been committed.
-
-    *Cory Gwin*
-
-*   Fix malformed packet error in MySQL statement for connection configuration.
-
-    *robinroestenburg*
-
-*   Connection specification now passes the "url" key as a configuration for the
-    adapter if the "url" protocol is "jdbc", "http", or "https". Previously only
-    urls with the "jdbc" prefix were passed to the Active Record Adapter, others
-    are assumed to be adapter specification urls.
-
-    Fixes #41137.
-
-    *Jonathan Bracy*
-
-*   Fix granular connection swapping when there are multiple abstract classes.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
-
-*   Fix `find_by` with custom primary key for belongs_to association.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Add support for `rails console --sandbox` for multiple database applications.
-
-    *alpaca-tc*
-
-*   Fix `where` on polymorphic association with empty array.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Fix preventing writes for `ApplicationRecord`.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.1 (January 07, 2021) ##
-
-*   Fix fixtures loading when strict loading is enabled for the association.
-
-    *Alex Ghiculescu*
-
-*   Fix `where` with custom primary key for belongs_to association.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Fix `where` with aliased associations.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Fix `composed_of` with symbol mapping.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Don't skip money's type cast for pluck and calculations.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Fix `where` on polymorphic association with non Active Record object.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Make sure `db:prepare` works even the schema file doesn't exist.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Fix complicated `has_many :through` with nested where condition.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Handle STI models for `has_many dependent: :destroy_async`.
-
-    *Muhammad Usman*
-
-*   Restore possibility of passing `false` to :polymorphic option of `belongs_to`.
-
-    Previously, passing `false` would trigger the option validation logic
-    to throw an error saying :polymorphic would not be a valid option.
-
-    *glaszig*
-
-*   Allow adding nonnamed expression indexes to be revertible.
-
-    Fixes #40732.
-
-    Previously, the following code would raise an error, when executed while rolling back,
-    and the index name should be specified explicitly. Now, the index name is inferred
-    automatically.
-
-    ```ruby
-    add_index(:items, "to_tsvector('english', description)")
-    ```
-
-    *fatkodima*
-
-
-## Rails 6.1.0 (December 09, 2020) ##
-
-*   Only warn about negative enums if a positive form that would cause conflicts exists.
-
-    Fixes #39065.
-
-    *Alex Ghiculescu*
-
-*   Change `attribute_for_inspect` to take `filter_attributes` in consideration.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Fix odd behavior of inverse_of with multiple belongs_to to same class.
-
-    Fixes #35204.
-
-    *Tomoyuki Kai*
-
-*   Build predicate conditions with objects that delegate `#id` and primary key:
-
-    ```ruby
-    class AdminAuthor
-      delegate_missing_to :@author
-
-      def initialize(author)
-        @author = author
-      end
-    end
-
-    Post.where(author: AdminAuthor.new(author))
-    ```
-
-    *Sean Doyle*
-
-*   Add `connected_to_many` API.
-
-    This API allows applications to connect to multiple databases at once without switching all of them or implementing a deeply nested stack.
-
-    Before:
-
-        AnimalsRecord.connected_to(role: :reading) do
-          MealsRecord.connected_to(role: :reading) do
-            Dog.first # read from animals replica
-            Dinner.first # read from meals replica
-            Person.first # read from primary writer
-          end
-        end
-
-    After:
-
-        ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to_many([AnimalsRecord, MealsRecord], role: :reading) do
-          Dog.first # read from animals replica
-          Dinner.first # read from meals replica
-          Person.first # read from primary writer
-        end
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
-
-*   Add option to raise or log for `ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError`.
-
-    Some applications may not want to raise an error in production if using `strict_loading`. This would allow an application to set strict loading to log for the production environment while still raising in development and test environments.
-
-    Set `config.active_record.action_on_strict_loading_violation` to `:log` errors instead of raising.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
-
-*   Allow the inverse of a `has_one` association that was previously autosaved to be loaded.
-
-    Fixes #34255.
-
-    *Steven Weber*
-
-*   Optimise the length of index names for polymorphic references by using the reference name rather than the type and id column names.
-
-    Because the default behaviour when adding an index with multiple columns is to use all column names in the index name, this could frequently lead to overly long index names for polymorphic references which would fail the migration if it exceeded the database limit.
-
-    This change reduces the chance of that happening by using the reference name, e.g. `index_my_table_on_my_reference`.
-
-    Fixes #38655.
-
-    *Luke Redpath*
-
-*   MySQL: Uniqueness validator now respects default database collation,
-    no longer enforce case sensitive comparison by default.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Remove deprecated methods from `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::DatabaseLimits`.
-
-    `column_name_length`
-    `table_name_length`
-    `columns_per_table`
-    `indexes_per_table`
-    `columns_per_multicolumn_index`
-    `sql_query_length`
-    `joins_per_query`
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::AbstractAdapter#supports_multi_insert?`.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::AbstractAdapter#supports_foreign_keys_in_create?`.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter#supports_ranges?`.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Base#update_attributes` and `ActiveRecord::Base#update_attributes!`.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Remove deprecated `migrations_path` argument in `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapter::SchemaStatements#assume_migrated_upto_version`.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Remove deprecated `config.active_record.sqlite3.represent_boolean_as_integer`.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   `relation.create` does no longer leak scope to class level querying methods
-    in initialization block and callbacks.
-
-    Before:
-
-        User.where(name: "John").create do |john|
-          User.find_by(name: "David") # => nil
-        end
-
-    After:
-
-        User.where(name: "John").create do |john|
-          User.find_by(name: "David") # => #<User name: "David", ...>
-        end
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Named scope chain does no longer leak scope to class level querying methods.
-
-        class User < ActiveRecord::Base
-          scope :david, -> { User.where(name: "David") }
-        end
-
-    Before:
-
-        User.where(name: "John").david
-        # SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = 'John' AND name = 'David'
-
-    After:
-
-        User.where(name: "John").david
-        # SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = 'David'
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Remove deprecated methods from `ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations`.
-
-    `fetch`
-    `each`
-    `first`
-    `values`
-    `[]=`
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   `where.not` now generates NAND predicates instead of NOR.
-
-     Before:
-
-        User.where.not(name: "Jon", role: "admin")
-        # SELECT * FROM users WHERE name != 'Jon' AND role != 'admin'
-
-     After:
-
-        User.where.not(name: "Jon", role: "admin")
-        # SELECT * FROM users WHERE NOT (name == 'Jon' AND role == 'admin')
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Result#to_hash` method.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Deprecate `ActiveRecord::Base.allow_unsafe_raw_sql`.
-
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Remove deprecated support for using unsafe raw SQL in `ActiveRecord::Relation` methods.
+*   The constant `ActiveRecord::ImmutableRelation` has been deprecated because
+    we want to reserve that name for a stronger sense of "immutable relation".
+    Please use `ActiveRecord::UnmodifiableRelation` instead.
 
-    *Rafael Mendonça França*
-
-*   Allow users to silence the "Rails couldn't infer whether you are using multiple databases..."
-    message using `config.active_record.suppress_multiple_database_warning`.
-
-    *Omri Gabay*
-
-*   Connections can be granularly switched for abstract classes when `connected_to` is called.
+    *Xavier Noria*
 
-    This change allows `connected_to` to switch a `role` and/or `shard` for a single abstract class instead of all classes globally. Applications that want to use the new feature need to set `config.active_record.legacy_connection_handling` to `false` in their application configuration.
+*   Add condensed `#inspect` for `ConnectionPool`, `AbstractAdapter`, and
+    `DatabaseConfig`.
 
-    Example usage:
+    *Hartley McGuire*
 
-    Given an application we have a `User` model that inherits from `ApplicationRecord` and a `Dog` model that inherits from `AnimalsRecord`. `AnimalsRecord` and `ApplicationRecord` have writing and reading connections as well as shard `default`, `one`, and `two`.
+*   Fixed a memory performance issue in Active Record attribute methods definition.
 
-    ```ruby
-    ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(role: :reading) do
-      User.first # reads from default replica
-      Dog.first # reads from default replica
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-      AnimalsRecord.connected_to(role: :writing, shard: :one) do
-        User.first # reads from default replica
-        Dog.first # reads from shard one primary
-      end
+*   Define the new Active Support notification event `start_transaction.active_record`.
 
-      User.first # reads from default replica
-      Dog.first # reads from default replica
+    This event is fired when database transactions or savepoints start, and
+    complements `transaction.active_record`, which is emitted when they finish.
 
-      ApplicationRecord.connected_to(role: :writing, shard: :two) do
-        User.first # reads from shard two primary
-        Dog.first # reads from default replica
-      end
-    end
-    ```
+    The payload has the transaction (`:transaction`) and the connection (`:connection`).
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+    *Xavier Noria*
 
-*   Allow double-dash comment syntax when querying read-only databases
+*   Fix an issue where the IDs reader method did not return expected results
+    for preloaded associations in models using composite primary keys.
 
-    *James Adam*
+    *Jay Ang*
 
-*   Add `values_at` method.
+*   The payload of `sql.active_record` Active Support notifications now has the current transaction in the `:transaction` key.
 
-    Returns an array containing the values associated with the given methods.
+    *Xavier Noria*
 
-    ```ruby
-    topic = Topic.first
-    topic.values_at(:title, :author_name)
-    # => ["Budget", "Jason"]
-    ```
+*   The payload of `transaction.active_record` Active Support notifications now has the transaction the event is related to in the `:transaction` key.
 
-    Similar to `Hash#values_at` but on an Active Record instance.
+    *Xavier Noria*
 
-    *Guillaume Briday*
+*   Define `ActiveRecord::Transaction#uuid`, which returns a UUID for the database transaction. This may be helpful when tracing database activity. These UUIDs are generated only on demand.
 
-*   Fix `read_attribute_before_type_cast` to consider attribute aliases.
+    *Xavier Noria*
 
-    *Marcelo Lauxen*
+*   Fix inference of association model on nested models with the same demodularized name.
 
-*   Support passing record to uniqueness validator `:conditions` callable:
+    E.g. with the following setup:
 
     ```ruby
-    class Article < ApplicationRecord
-      validates_uniqueness_of :title, conditions: ->(article) {
-        published_at = article.published_at
-        where(published_at: published_at.beginning_of_year..published_at.end_of_year)
-      }
+    class Nested::Post < ApplicationRecord
+      has_one :post, through: :other
     end
     ```
 
-    *Eliot Sykes*
-
-*   `BatchEnumerator#update_all` and `BatchEnumerator#delete_all` now return the
-    total number of rows affected, just like their non-batched counterparts.
-
-    ```ruby
-    Person.in_batches.update_all("first_name = 'Eugene'") # => 42
-    Person.in_batches.delete_all # => 42
-    ```
-
-    Fixes #40287.
-
-    *Eugene Kenny*
-
-*   Add support for PostgreSQL `interval` data type with conversion to
-    `ActiveSupport::Duration` when loading records from database and
-    serialization to ISO 8601 formatted duration string on save.
-    Add support to define a column in migrations and get it in a schema dump.
-    Optional column precision is supported.
-
-    To use this in 6.1, you need to place the next string to your model file:
+    Before, `#post` would infer the model as `Nested::Post`, but now it correctly infers `Post`.
 
-        attribute :duration, :interval
+    *Joshua Young*
 
-    To keep old behavior until 7.0 is released:
+*   PostgreSQL `Cidr#change?` detects the address prefix change.
 
-        attribute :duration, :string
-
-    Example:
-
-        create_table :events do |t|
-          t.string   :name
-          t.interval :duration
-        end
+    *Taketo Takashima*
 
-        class Event < ApplicationRecord
-          attribute :duration, :interval
-        end
+*   Change `BatchEnumerator#destroy_all` to return the total number of affected rows.
 
-        Event.create!(name: 'Rock Fest', duration: 2.days)
-        Event.last.duration # => 2 days
-        Event.last.duration.iso8601 # => "P2D"
-        Event.new(duration: 'P1DT12H3S').duration # => 1 day, 12 hours, and 3 seconds
-        Event.new(duration: '1 day') # Unknown value will be ignored and NULL will be written to database
+    Previously, it always returned `nil`.
 
-    *Andrey Novikov*
+    *fatkodima*
 
-*   Allow associations supporting the `dependent:` key to take `dependent: :destroy_async`.
+*   Support `touch_all` in batches.
 
     ```ruby
-    class Account < ActiveRecord::Base
-        belongs_to :supplier, dependent: :destroy_async
-    end
+    Post.in_batches.touch_all
     ```
 
-    `:destroy_async` will enqueue a job to destroy associated records in the background.
-
-    *DHH*, *George Claghorn*, *Cory Gwin*, *Rafael Mendonça França*, *Adrianna Chang*
+    *fatkodima*
 
-*   Add `SKIP_TEST_DATABASE` environment variable to disable modifying the test database when `rails db:create` and `rails db:drop` are called.
+*   Add support for `:if_not_exists` and `:force` options to `create_schema`.
 
-    *Jason Schweier*
+    *fatkodima*
 
-*   `connects_to` can only be called on `ActiveRecord::Base` or abstract classes.
+*   Fix `index_errors` having incorrect index in association validation errors.
 
-    Ensure that `connects_to` can only be called from `ActiveRecord::Base` or abstract classes. This protects the application from opening duplicate or too many connections.
+    *lulalala*
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+*   Add `index_errors: :nested_attributes_order` mode.
 
-*   All connection adapters `execute` now raises `ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished` rather than
-    `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` when they encounter a connection error.
+    This indexes the association validation errors based on the order received by nested attributes setter, and respects the `reject_if` configuration. This enables API to provide enough information to the frontend to map the validation errors back to their respective form fields.
 
-    *Jean Boussier*
+    *lulalala*
 
-*   `Mysql2Adapter#quote_string` now raises `ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished` rather than
-    `ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid` when it can't connect to the MySQL server.
+*   Add `Rails.application.config.active_record.postgresql_adapter_decode_dates` to opt out of decoding dates automatically with the postgresql adapter. Defaults to true.
 
-    *Jean Boussier*
+    *Joé Dupuis*
 
-*   Add support for check constraints that are `NOT VALID` via `validate: false` (PostgreSQL-only).
+*   Association option `query_constraints` is deprecated in favor of `foreign_key`.
 
-    *Alex Robbin*
+    *Nikita Vasilevsky*
 
-*   Ensure the default configuration is considered primary or first for an environment
+*   Add `ENV["SKIP_TEST_DATABASE_TRUNCATE"]` flag to speed up multi-process test runs on large DBs when all tests run within default transaction.
 
-    If a multiple database application provides a configuration named primary, that will be treated as default. In applications that do not have a primary entry, the default database configuration will be the first configuration for an environment.
+    This cuts ~10s from the test run of HEY when run by 24 processes against the 178 tables, since ~4,000 table truncates can then be skipped.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+    *DHH*
 
-*   Allow `where` references association names as joined table name aliases.
+*   Added support for recursive common table expressions.
 
     ```ruby
-    class Comment < ActiveRecord::Base
-      enum label: [:default, :child]
-      has_many :children, class_name: "Comment", foreign_key: :parent_id
-    end
-
-    # ... FROM comments LEFT OUTER JOIN comments children ON ... WHERE children.label = 1
-    Comment.includes(:children).where("children.label": "child")
+    Post.with_recursive(
+      post_and_replies: [
+        Post.where(id: 42),
+        Post.joins('JOIN post_and_replies ON posts.in_reply_to_id = post_and_replies.id'),
+      ]
+    )
     ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Support storing demodulized class name for polymorphic type.
-
-    Before Rails 6.1, storing demodulized class name is supported only for STI type
-    by `store_full_sti_class` class attribute.
-
-    Now `store_full_class_name` class attribute can handle both STI and polymorphic types.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    Generates the following SQL:
 
-*   Deprecate `rails db:structure:{load, dump}` tasks and extend
-    `rails db:schema:{load, dump}` tasks to work with either `:ruby` or `:sql` format,
-    depending on `config.active_record.schema_format` configuration value.
-
-    *fatkodima*
-
-*   Respect the `select` values for eager loading.
-
-    ```ruby
-    post = Post.select("UPPER(title) AS title").first
-    post.title # => "WELCOME TO THE WEBLOG"
-    post.body  # => ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError
-
-    # Rails 6.0 (ignore the `select` values)
-    post = Post.select("UPPER(title) AS title").eager_load(:comments).first
-    post.title # => "Welcome to the weblog"
-    post.body  # => "Such a lovely day"
-
-    # Rails 6.1 (respect the `select` values)
-    post = Post.select("UPPER(title) AS title").eager_load(:comments).first
-    post.title # => "WELCOME TO THE WEBLOG"
-    post.body  # => ActiveModel::MissingAttributeError
+    ```sql
+    WITH RECURSIVE "post_and_replies" AS (
+      (SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" WHERE "posts"."id" = 42)
+      UNION ALL
+      (SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts" JOIN post_and_replies ON posts.in_reply_to_id = post_and_replies.id)
+    )
+    SELECT "posts".* FROM "posts"
     ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *ClearlyClaire*
 
-*   Allow attribute's default to be configured but keeping its own type.
+*   `validate_constraint` can be called in a `change_table` block.
 
+    ex:
     ```ruby
-    class Post < ActiveRecord::Base
-      attribute :written_at, default: -> { Time.now.utc }
+    change_table :products do |t|
+      t.check_constraint "price > discounted_price", name: "price_check", validate: false
+      t.validate_check_constraint "price_check"
     end
-
-    # Rails 6.0
-    Post.type_for_attribute(:written_at) # => #<Type::Value ... precision: nil, ...>
-
-    # Rails 6.1
-    Post.type_for_attribute(:written_at) # => #<Type::DateTime ... precision: 6, ...>
     ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Cody Cutrer*
 
-*   Allow default to be configured for Enum.
+*   `PostgreSQLAdapter` now decodes columns of type date to `Date` instead of string.
 
+    Ex:
     ```ruby
-    class Book < ActiveRecord::Base
-      enum status: [:proposed, :written, :published], _default: :published
-    end
-
-    Book.new.status # => "published"
+    ActiveRecord::Base.connection
+         .select_value("select '2024-01-01'::date").class #=> Date
     ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Deprecate YAML loading from legacy format older than Rails 5.0.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Added the setting `ActiveRecord::Base.immutable_strings_by_default`, which
-    allows you to specify that all string columns should be frozen unless
-    otherwise specified. This will reduce memory pressure for applications which
-    do not generally mutate string properties of Active Record objects.
+    *Joé Dupuis*
 
-    *Sean Griffin*, *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   Strict loading using `:n_plus_one_only` does not eagerly load child associations.
 
-*   Deprecate `map!` and `collect!` on `ActiveRecord::Result`.
+    With this change, child associations are no longer eagerly loaded, to
+    match intended behavior and to prevent non-deterministic order issues caused
+    by calling methods like `first` or `last`. As `first` and `last` don't cause
+    an N+1 by themselves, calling child associations will no longer raise.
+    Fixes #49473.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Support `relation.and` for intersection as Set theory.
+    Before:
 
     ```ruby
-    david_and_mary = Author.where(id: [david, mary])
-    mary_and_bob   = Author.where(id: [mary, bob])
-
-    david_and_mary.merge(mary_and_bob) # => [mary, bob]
-
-    david_and_mary.and(mary_and_bob) # => [mary]
-    david_and_mary.or(mary_and_bob)  # => [david, mary, bob]
+    person = Person.find(1)
+    person.strict_loading!(mode: :n_plus_one_only)
+    person.posts.first
+    # SELECT * FROM posts WHERE person_id = 1; -- non-deterministic order
+    person.posts.first.firm # raises ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError
     ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Merging conditions on the same column no longer maintain both conditions,
-    and will be consistently replaced by the latter condition in Rails 7.0.
-    To migrate to Rails 7.0's behavior, use `relation.merge(other, rewhere: true)`.
+    After:
 
     ```ruby
-    # Rails 6.1 (IN clause is replaced by merger side equality condition)
-    Author.where(id: [david.id, mary.id]).merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => [bob]
-
-    # Rails 6.1 (both conflict conditions exists, deprecated)
-    Author.where(id: david.id..mary.id).merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => []
-
-    # Rails 6.1 with rewhere to migrate to Rails 7.0's behavior
-    Author.where(id: david.id..mary.id).merge(Author.where(id: bob), rewhere: true) # => [bob]
-
-    # Rails 7.0 (same behavior with IN clause, mergee side condition is consistently replaced)
-    Author.where(id: [david.id, mary.id]).merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => [bob]
-    Author.where(id: david.id..mary.id).merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => [bob]
+    person = Person.find(1)
+    person.strict_loading!(mode: :n_plus_one_only)
+    person.posts.first # this is 1+1, not N+1
+    # SELECT * FROM posts WHERE person_id = 1 ORDER BY id LIMIT 1;
+    person.posts.first.firm # no longer raises
     ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
-
-*   Do not mark Postgresql MAC address and UUID attributes as changed when the assigned value only varies by case.
+    *Reid Lynch*
 
-    *Peter Fry*
+*   Allow `Sqlite3Adapter` to use `sqlite3` gem version `2.x`.
 
-*   Resolve issue with insert_all unique_by option when used with expression index.
+    *Mike Dalessio*
 
-    When the `:unique_by` option of `ActiveRecord::Persistence.insert_all` and
-    `ActiveRecord::Persistence.upsert_all` was used with the name of an expression index, an error
-    was raised. Adding a guard around the formatting behavior for the `:unique_by` corrects this.
-
-    Usage:
+*   Allow `ActiveRecord::Base#pluck` to accept hash values.
 
     ```ruby
-    create_table :books, id: :integer, force: true do |t|
-      t.column :name, :string
-      t.index "lower(name)", unique: true
-    end
+    # Before
+    Post.joins(:comments).pluck("posts.id", "comments.id", "comments.body")
 
-    Book.insert_all [{ name: "MyTest" }], unique_by: :index_books_on_lower_name
+    # After
+    Post.joins(:comments).pluck(posts: [:id], comments: [:id, :body])
     ```
 
-    Fixes #39516.
+    *fatkodima*
+
+*   Raise an `ActiveRecord::ActiveRecordError` error when the MySQL database returns an invalid version string.
 
-    *Austen Madden*
+    *Kevin McPhillips*
 
-*   Add basic support for CHECK constraints to database migrations.
+*   `ActiveRecord::Base.transaction` now yields an `ActiveRecord::Transaction` object.
 
-    Usage:
+    This allows to register callbacks on it.
 
     ```ruby
-    add_check_constraint :products, "price > 0", name: "price_check"
-    remove_check_constraint :products, name: "price_check"
+    Article.transaction do |transaction|
+      article.update(published: true)
+      transaction.after_commit do
+        PublishNotificationMailer.with(article: article).deliver_later
+      end
+    end
     ```
 
-    *fatkodima*
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base.strict_loading_by_default` and `ActiveRecord::Base.strict_loading_by_default=`
-    to enable/disable strict_loading mode by default for a model. The configuration's value is
-    inheritable by subclasses, but they can override that value and it will not impact parent class.
+*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base.current_transaction`.
 
-    Usage:
+    Returns the current transaction, to allow registering callbacks on it.
 
     ```ruby
-    class Developer < ApplicationRecord
-      self.strict_loading_by_default = true
-
-      has_many :projects
+    Article.current_transaction.after_commit do
+      PublishNotificationMailer.with(article: article).deliver_later
     end
-
-    dev = Developer.first
-    dev.projects.first
-    # => ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError Exception: Developer is marked as strict_loading and Project cannot be lazily loaded.
     ```
 
-    *bogdanvlviv*
-
-*   Deprecate passing an Active Record object to `quote`/`type_cast` directly.
-
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-*   Default engine `ENGINE=InnoDB` is no longer dumped to make schema more agnostic.
+*   Add `ActiveRecord.after_all_transactions_commit` callback.
 
-    Before:
+    Useful for code that may run either inside or outside a transaction and needs
+    to perform work after the state changes have been properly persisted.
 
     ```ruby
-    create_table "accounts", options: "ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
+    def publish_article(article)
+      article.update(published: true)
+      ActiveRecord.after_all_transactions_commit do
+        PublishNotificationMailer.with(article: article).deliver_later
+      end
     end
     ```
 
-    After:
-
-    ```ruby
-    create_table "accounts", charset: "utf8mb4", collation: "utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci", force: :cascade do |t|
-    end
-    ```
+    In the above example, the block is either executed immediately if called outside
+    of a transaction, or called after the open transaction is committed.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    If the transaction is rolled back, the block isn't called.
 
-*   Added delegated type as an alternative to single-table inheritance for representing class hierarchies.
-    See ActiveRecord::DelegatedType for the full description.
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-    *DHH*
+*   Add the ability to ignore counter cache columns until they are backfilled.
 
-*   Deprecate aggregations with group by duplicated fields.
+    Starting to use counter caches on existing large tables can be troublesome, because the column
+    values must be backfilled separately of the column addition (to not lock the table for too long)
+    and before the use of `:counter_cache` (otherwise methods like `size`/`any?`/etc, which use
+    counter caches internally, can produce incorrect results). People usually use database triggers
+    or callbacks on child associations while backfilling before introducing a counter cache
+    configuration to the association.
 
-    To migrate to Rails 7.0's behavior, use `uniq!(:group)` to deduplicate group fields.
+    Now, to safely backfill the column, while keeping the column updated with child records added/removed, use:
 
     ```ruby
-    accounts = Account.group(:firm_id)
-
-    # duplicated group fields, deprecated.
-    accounts.merge(accounts.where.not(credit_limit: nil)).sum(:credit_limit)
-    # => {
-    #   [1, 1] => 50,
-    #   [2, 2] => 60
-    # }
-
-    # use `uniq!(:group)` to deduplicate group fields.
-    accounts.merge(accounts.where.not(credit_limit: nil)).uniq!(:group).sum(:credit_limit)
-    # => {
-    #   1 => 50,
-    #   2 => 60
-    # }
+    class Comment < ApplicationRecord
+      belongs_to :post, counter_cache: { active: false }
+    end
     ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    While the counter cache is not "active", the methods like `size`/`any?`/etc will not use it,
+    but get the results directly from the database. After the counter cache column is backfilled, simply
+    remove the `{ active: false }` part from the counter cache definition, and it will now be used by the
+    mentioned methods.
 
-*   Deprecate duplicated query annotations.
+    *fatkodima*
 
-    To migrate to Rails 7.0's behavior, use `uniq!(:annotate)` to deduplicate query annotations.
+*   Retry known idempotent SELECT queries on connection-related exceptions.
 
-    ```ruby
-    accounts = Account.where(id: [1, 2]).annotate("david and mary")
+    SELECT queries we construct by walking the Arel tree and / or with known model attributes
+    are idempotent and can safely be retried in the case of a connection error. Previously,
+    adapters such as `TrilogyAdapter` would raise `ActiveRecord::ConnectionFailed: Trilogy::EOFError`
+    when encountering a connection error mid-request.
 
-    # duplicated annotations, deprecated.
-    accounts.merge(accounts.rewhere(id: 3))
-    # SELECT accounts.* FROM accounts WHERE accounts.id = 3 /* david and mary */ /* david and mary */
+    *Adrianna Chang*
 
-    # use `uniq!(:annotate)` to deduplicate annotations.
-    accounts.merge(accounts.rewhere(id: 3)).uniq!(:annotate)
-    # SELECT accounts.* FROM accounts WHERE accounts.id = 3 /* david and mary */
-    ```
+*   Allow association's `foreign_key` to be composite.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    `query_constraints` option was the only way to configure a composite foreign key by passing an `Array`.
+    Now it's possible to pass an Array value as `foreign_key` to achieve the same behavior of an association.
 
-*   Resolve conflict between counter cache and optimistic locking.
+    *Nikita Vasilevsky*
 
-    Bump an Active Record instance's lock version after updating its counter
-    cache. This avoids raising an unnecessary `ActiveRecord::StaleObjectError`
-    upon subsequent transactions by maintaining parity with the corresponding
-    database record's `lock_version` column.
+*   Allow association's `primary_key` to be composite.
 
-    Fixes #16449.
+    Association's `primary_key` can be composite when derived from associated model `primary_key` or `query_constraints`.
+    Now it's possible to explicitly set it as composite on the association.
 
-    *Aaron Lipman*
+    *Nikita Vasilevsky*
 
-*   Support merging option `:rewhere` to allow mergee side condition to be replaced exactly.
+*   Add `config.active_record.permanent_connection_checkout` setting.
 
-    ```ruby
-    david_and_mary = Author.where(id: david.id..mary.id)
+    Controls whether `ActiveRecord::Base.connection` raises an error, emits a deprecation warning, or neither.
 
-    # both conflict conditions exists
-    david_and_mary.merge(Author.where(id: bob)) # => []
+    `ActiveRecord::Base.connection` checkouts a database connection from the pool and keeps it leased until the end of
+    the request or job. This behavior can be undesirable in environments that use many more threads or fibers than there
+    is available connections.
 
-    # mergee side condition is replaced by rewhere
-    david_and_mary.merge(Author.rewhere(id: bob)) # => [bob]
+    This configuration can be used to track down and eliminate code that calls `ActiveRecord::Base.connection` and
+    migrate it to use `ActiveRecord::Base.with_connection` instead.
 
-    # mergee side condition is replaced by rewhere option
-    david_and_mary.merge(Author.where(id: bob), rewhere: true) # => [bob]
-    ```
+    The default behavior remains unchanged, and there is currently no plans to change the default.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-*   Add support for finding records based on signed ids, which are tamper-proof, verified ids that can be
-    set to expire and scoped with a purpose. This is particularly useful for things like password reset
-    or email verification, where you want the bearer of the signed id to be able to interact with the
-    underlying record, but usually only within a certain time period.
+*   Add dirties option to uncached.
 
-    ```ruby
-    signed_id = User.first.signed_id expires_in: 15.minutes, purpose: :password_reset
+    This adds a `dirties` option to `ActiveRecord::Base.uncached` and
+    `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionPool#uncached`.
 
-    User.find_signed signed_id # => nil, since the purpose does not match
+    When set to `true` (the default), writes will clear all query caches belonging to the current thread.
+    When set to `false`, writes to the affected connection pool will not clear any query cache.
 
-    travel 16.minutes
-    User.find_signed signed_id, purpose: :password_reset # => nil, since the signed id has expired
+    This is needed by Solid Cache so that cache writes do not clear query caches.
 
-    travel_back
-    User.find_signed signed_id, purpose: :password_reset # => User.first
+    *Donal McBreen*
 
-    User.find_signed! "bad data" # => ActiveSupport::MessageVerifier::InvalidSignature
-    ```
+*   Deprecate `ActiveRecord::Base.connection` in favor of `.lease_connection`.
 
-    *DHH*
+    The method has been renamed as `lease_connection` to better reflect that the returned
+    connection will be held for the duration of the request or job.
 
-*   Support `ALGORITHM = INSTANT` DDL option for index operations on MySQL.
+    This deprecation is a soft deprecation, no warnings will be issued and there is no
+    current plan to remove the method.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-*   Fix index creation to preserve index comment in bulk change table on MySQL.
+*   Deprecate `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionPool#connection`.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    The method has been renamed as `lease_connection` to better reflect that the returned
+    connection will be held for the duration of the request or job.
 
-*   Allow `unscope` to be aware of table name qualified values.
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-    It is possible to unscope only the column in the specified table.
+*   Expose a generic fixture accessor for fixture names that may conflict with Minitest.
 
     ```ruby
-    posts = Post.joins(:comments).group(:"posts.hidden")
-    posts = posts.where("posts.hidden": false, "comments.hidden": false)
-
-    posts.count
-    # => { false => 10 }
-
-    # unscope both hidden columns
-    posts.unscope(where: :hidden).count
-    # => { false => 11, true => 1 }
-
-    # unscope only comments.hidden column
-    posts.unscope(where: :"comments.hidden").count
-    # => { false => 11 }
+    assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", web_sites(:rubyonrails).name
+    assert_equal "Ruby on Rails", fixture(:web_sites, :rubyonrails).name
     ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*, *Slava Korolev*
-
-*   Fix `rewhere` to truly overwrite collided where clause by new where clause.
-
-    ```ruby
-    steve = Person.find_by(name: "Steve")
-    david = Author.find_by(name: "David")
-
-    relation = Essay.where(writer: steve)
-
-    # Before
-    relation.rewhere(writer: david).to_a # => []
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-    # After
-    relation.rewhere(writer: david).to_a # => [david]
-    ```
+*   Using `Model.query_constraints` with a single non-primary-key column used to raise as expected, but with an
+    incorrect error message.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    This has been fixed to raise with a more appropriate error message.
 
-*   Inspect time attributes with subsec and time zone offset.
+    *Joshua Young*
 
-    ```ruby
-    p Knot.create
-    => #<Knot id: 1, created_at: "2016-05-05 01:29:47.116928000 +0000">
-    ```
+*   Fix `has_one` association autosave setting the foreign key attribute when it is unchanged.
 
-    *akinomaeni*, *Jonathan Hefner*
+    This behavior is also inconsistent with autosaving `belongs_to` and can have unintended side effects like raising
+    an `ActiveRecord::ReadonlyAttributeError` when the foreign key attribute is marked as read-only.
 
-*   Deprecate passing a column to `type_cast`.
+    *Joshua Young*
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   Remove deprecated behavior that would rollback a transaction block when exited using `return`, `break` or `throw`.
 
-*   Deprecate `in_clause_length` and `allowed_index_name_length` in `DatabaseLimits`.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   Deprecate `Rails.application.config.active_record.commit_transaction_on_non_local_return`.
 
-*   Support bulk insert/upsert on relation to preserve scope values.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Josef Šimánek*, *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   Remove deprecated support to pass `rewhere` to `ActiveRecord::Relation#merge`.
 
-*   Preserve column comment value on changing column name on MySQL.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Islam Taha*
+*   Remove deprecated support to pass `deferrable: true` to `add_foreign_key`.
 
-*   Add support for `if_exists` option for removing an index.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    The `remove_index` method can take an `if_exists` option. If this is set to true an error won't be raised if the index doesn't exist.
+*   Remove deprecated support to quote `ActiveSupport::Duration`.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Remove ibm_db, informix, mssql, oracle, and oracle12 Arel visitors which are not used in the code base.
+*   Remove deprecated `#quote_bound_value`.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Prevent `build_association` from `touching` a parent record if the record isn't persisted for `has_one` associations.
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::ConnectionPool#connection_klass`.
 
-    Fixes #38219.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Josh Brody*
+*   Remove deprecated support to apply `#connection_pool_list`, `#active_connections?`, `#clear_active_connections!`,
+    `#clear_reloadable_connections!`, `#clear_all_connections!` and `#flush_idle_connections!` to the connections pools
+    for the current role when the `role` argument isn't provided.
 
-*   Add support for `if_not_exists` option for adding index.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    The `add_index` method respects `if_not_exists` option. If it is set to true
-    index won't be added.
+*   Remove deprecated `#all_connection_pools`.
 
-    Usage:
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    ```ruby
-      add_index :users, :account_id, if_not_exists: true
-    ```
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::SchemaCache#data_sources`.
 
-    The `if_not_exists` option passed to `create_table` also gets propagated to indexes
-    created within that migration so that if table and its indexes exist then there is no
-    attempt to create them again.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Prathamesh Sonpatki*
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::SchemaCache.load_from`.
 
-*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base#previously_new_record?` to show if a record was new before the last save.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Tom Ward*
+*   Remove deprecated `#all_foreign_keys_valid?` from database adapters.
 
-*   Support descending order for `find_each`, `find_in_batches`, and `in_batches`.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Batch processing methods allow you to work with the records in batches, greatly reducing memory consumption, but records are always batched from oldest id to newest.
+*   Remove deprecated support to passing coder and class as second argument to `serialize`.
 
-    This change allows reversing the order, batching from newest to oldest. This is useful when you need to process newer batches of records first.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Pass `order: :desc` to yield batches in descending order. The default remains `order: :asc`.
+*   Remove deprecated support to `ActiveRecord::Base#read_attribute(:id)` to return the custom primary key value.
 
-    ```ruby
-    Person.find_each(order: :desc) do |person|
-      person.party_all_night!
-    end
-    ```
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Alexey Vasiliev*
+*   Remove deprecated `TestFixtures.fixture_path`.
 
-*   Fix `insert_all` with enum values.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Fixes #38716.
+*   Remove deprecated behavior to support referring to a singular association by its plural name.
 
-    *Joel Blum*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Add support for `db:rollback:name` for multiple database applications.
+*   Deprecate `Rails.application.config.active_record.allow_deprecated_singular_associations_name`.
 
-    Multiple database applications will now raise if `db:rollback` is call and recommend using the `db:rollback:[NAME]` to rollback migrations.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+*   Remove deprecated support to passing `SchemaMigration` and `InternalMetadata` classes as arguments to
+    `ActiveRecord::MigrationContext`.
 
-*   `Relation#pick` now uses already loaded results instead of making another query.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Eugene Kenny*
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Migration.check_pending!` method.
 
-*   Deprecate using `return`, `break` or `throw` to exit a transaction block after writes.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Dylan Thacker-Smith*
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::LogSubscriber.runtime` method.
 
-*   Dump the schema or structure of a database when calling `db:migrate:name`.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    In previous versions of Rails, `rails db:migrate` would dump the schema of the database. In Rails 6, that holds true (`rails db:migrate` dumps all databases' schemas), but `rails db:migrate:name` does not share that behavior.
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::LogSubscriber.runtime=` method.
 
-    Going forward, calls to `rails db:migrate:name` will dump the schema (or structure) of the database being migrated.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Kyle Thompson*
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::LogSubscriber.reset_runtime` method.
 
-*   Reset the `ActiveRecord::Base` connection after `rails db:migrate:name`.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    When `rails db:migrate` has finished, it ensures the `ActiveRecord::Base` connection is reset to its original configuration. Going forward, `rails db:migrate:name` will have the same behavior.
+*   Remove deprecated support to define `explain` in the connection adapter with 2 arguments.
 
-    *Kyle Thompson*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Disallow calling `connected_to` on subclasses of `ActiveRecord::Base`.
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::ActiveJobRequiredError`.
 
-    Behavior has not changed here but the previous API could be misleading to people who thought it would switch connections for only that class. `connected_to` switches the context from which we are getting connections, not the connections themselves.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Base.clear_active_connections!`.
 
-*   Add support for horizontal sharding to `connects_to` and `connected_to`.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Applications can now connect to multiple shards and switch between their shards in an application. Note that the shard swapping is still a manual process as this change does not include an API for automatic shard swapping.
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Base.clear_reloadable_connections!`.
 
-    Usage:
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Given the following configuration:
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Base.clear_all_connections!`.
 
-    ```yaml
-    # config/database.yml
-    production:
-      primary:
-        database: my_database
-      primary_shard_one:
-        database: my_database_shard_one
-    ```
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    Connect to multiple shards:
+*   Remove deprecated `ActiveRecord::Base.flush_idle_connections!`.
 
-    ```ruby
-    class ApplicationRecord < ActiveRecord::Base
-      self.abstract_class = true
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-      connects_to shards: {
-        default: { writing: :primary },
-        shard_one: { writing: :primary_shard_one }
-      }
-    ```
+*   Remove deprecated `name` argument from `ActiveRecord::Base.remove_connection`.
 
-    Swap between shards in your controller / model code:
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    ```ruby
-    ActiveRecord::Base.connected_to(shard: :shard_one) do
-      # Read from shard one
-    end
-    ```
+*   Remove deprecated support to call `alias_attribute` with non-existent attribute names.
 
-    The horizontal sharding API also supports read replicas. See guides for more details.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+*   Remove deprecated `Rails.application.config.active_record.suppress_multiple_database_warning`.
 
-*   Deprecate `spec_name` in favor of `name` on database configurations.
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    The accessors for `spec_name` on `configs_for` and `DatabaseConfig` are deprecated. Please use `name` instead.
+*   Add `ActiveRecord::Encryption::MessagePackMessageSerializer`.
 
-    Deprecated behavior:
+    Serialize data to the MessagePack format, for efficient storage in binary columns.
 
-    ```ruby
-    db_config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for(env_name: "development", spec_name: "primary")
-    db_config.spec_name
-    ```
+    The binary encoding requires around 30% less space than the base64 encoding
+    used by the default serializer.
 
-    New behavior:
+    *Donal McBreen*
 
-    ```ruby
-    db_config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for(env_name: "development", name: "primary")
-    db_config.name
-    ```
+*   Add support for encrypting binary columns.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+    Ensure encryption and decryption pass `Type::Binary::Data` around for binary data.
 
-*   Add additional database-specific rake tasks for multi-database users.
+    Previously encrypting binary columns with the `ActiveRecord::Encryption::MessageSerializer`
+    incidentally worked for MySQL and SQLite, but not PostgreSQL.
 
-    Previously, `rails db:create`, `rails db:drop`, and `rails db:migrate` were the only rails tasks that could operate on a single
-    database. For example:
+    *Donal McBreen*
 
-    ```
-    rails db:create
-    rails db:create:primary
-    rails db:create:animals
-    rails db:drop
-    rails db:drop:primary
-    rails db:drop:animals
-    rails db:migrate
-    rails db:migrate:primary
-    rails db:migrate:animals
-    ```
+*   Deprecated `ENV["SCHEMA_CACHE"]` in favor of `schema_cache_path` in the database configuration.
 
-    With these changes, `rails db:schema:dump`, `rails db:schema:load`, `rails db:structure:dump`, `rails db:structure:load` and
-    `rails db:test:prepare` can additionally operate on a single database. For example:
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-    ```
-    rails db:schema:dump
-    rails db:schema:dump:primary
-    rails db:schema:dump:animals
-    rails db:schema:load
-    rails db:schema:load:primary
-    rails db:schema:load:animals
-    rails db:structure:dump
-    rails db:structure:dump:primary
-    rails db:structure:dump:animals
-    rails db:structure:load
-    rails db:structure:load:primary
-    rails db:structure:load:animals
-    rails db:test:prepare
-    rails db:test:prepare:primary
-    rails db:test:prepare:animals
-    ```
+*   Add `ActiveRecord::Base.with_connection` as a shortcut for leasing a connection for a short duration.
 
-    *Kyle Thompson*
+    The leased connection is yielded, and for the duration of the block, any call to `ActiveRecord::Base.connection`
+    will yield that same connection.
 
-*   Add support for `strict_loading` mode on association declarations.
+    This is useful to perform a few database operations without causing a connection to be leased for the
+    entire duration of the request or job.
 
-    Raise an error if attempting to load a record from an association that has been marked as `strict_loading` unless it was explicitly eager loaded.
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-    Usage:
+*   Deprecate `config.active_record.warn_on_records_fetched_greater_than` now that `sql.active_record`
+    notification includes `:row_count` field.
 
-    ```ruby
-    class Developer < ApplicationRecord
-      has_many :projects, strict_loading: true
-    end
+    *Jason Nochlin*
 
-    dev = Developer.first
-    dev.projects.first
-    # => ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError: The projects association is marked as strict_loading and cannot be lazily loaded.
-    ```
+*   The fix ensures that the association is joined using the appropriate join type
+    (either inner join or left outer join) based on the existing joins in the scope.
 
-    *Kevin Deisz*
+    This prevents unintentional overrides of existing join types and ensures consistency in the generated SQL queries.
 
-*   Add support for `strict_loading` mode to prevent lazy loading of records.
+    Example:
 
-    Raise an error if a parent record is marked as `strict_loading` and attempts to lazily load its associations. This is useful for finding places you may want to preload an association and avoid additional queries.
 
-    Usage:
 
     ```ruby
-    dev = Developer.strict_loading.first
-    dev.audit_logs.to_a
-    # => ActiveRecord::StrictLoadingViolationError: Developer is marked as strict_loading and AuditLog cannot be lazily loaded.
+    # `associated` will use `LEFT JOIN` instead of using `JOIN`
+    Post.left_joins(:author).where.associated(:author)
     ```
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *Aaron Patterson*
-
-*   Add support for PostgreSQL 11+ partitioned indexes when using `upsert_all`.
+    *Saleh Alhaddad*
 
-    *Sebastián Palma*
+*   Fix an issue where `ActiveRecord::Encryption` configurations are not ready before the loading
+    of Active Record models, when an application is eager loaded. As a result, encrypted attributes
+    could be misconfigured in some cases.
 
-*   Adds support for `if_not_exists` to `add_column` and `if_exists` to `remove_column`.
+    *Maxime Réty*
 
-    Applications can set their migrations to ignore exceptions raised when adding a column that already exists or when removing a column that does not exist.
-
-    Example Usage:
+*   Deprecate defining an `enum` with keyword arguments.
 
     ```ruby
-    class AddColumnTitle < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]
-      def change
-        add_column :posts, :title, :string, if_not_exists: true
-      end
-    end
-    ```
+    class Function > ApplicationRecord
+      # BAD
+      enum color: [:red, :blue],
+           type: [:instance, :class]
 
-    ```ruby
-    class RemoveColumnTitle < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.1]
-      def change
-        remove_column :posts, :title, if_exists: true
-      end
+      # GOOD
+      enum :color, [:red, :blue]
+      enum :type, [:instance, :class]
     end
     ```
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+    *Hartley McGuire*
 
-*   Regexp-escape table name for MS SQL Server.
+*   Add `config.active_record.validate_migration_timestamps` option for validating migration timestamps.
 
-    Add `Regexp.escape` to one method in ActiveRecord, so that table names with regular expression characters in them work as expected. Since MS SQL Server uses "[" and "]" to quote table and column names, and those characters are regular expression characters, methods like `pluck` and `select` fail in certain cases when used with the MS SQL Server adapter.
+    When set, validates that the timestamp prefix for a migration is no more than a day ahead of
+    the timestamp associated with the current time. This is designed to prevent migrations prefixes
+    from being hand-edited to future timestamps, which impacts migration generation and other
+    migration commands.
 
-    *Larry Reid*
+    *Adrianna Chang*
 
-*   Store advisory locks on their own named connection.
+*   Properly synchronize `Mysql2Adapter#active?` and `TrilogyAdapter#active?`.
 
-    Previously advisory locks were taken out against a connection when a migration started. This works fine in single database applications but doesn't work well when migrations need to open new connections which results in the lock getting dropped.
+    As well as `disconnect!` and `verify!`.
 
-    In order to fix this we are storing the advisory lock on a new connection with the connection specification name `AdvisoryLockBase`. The caveat is that we need to maintain at least 2 connections to a database while migrations are running in order to do this.
+    This generally isn't a big problem as connections must not be shared between
+    threads, but is required when running transactional tests or system tests
+    and could lead to a SEGV.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
-
-*   Allow schema cache path to be defined in the database configuration file.
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-    For example:
+*   Support `:source_location` tag option for query log tags.
 
-    ```yaml
-    development:
-      adapter: postgresql
-      database: blog_development
-      pool: 5
-      schema_cache_path: tmp/schema/main.yml
+    ```ruby
+    config.active_record.query_log_tags << :source_location
     ```
 
-    *Katrina Owen*
-
-*   Deprecate `#remove_connection` in favor of `#remove_connection_pool` when called on the handler.
-
-    `#remove_connection` is deprecated in order to support returning a `DatabaseConfig` object instead of a `Hash`. Use `#remove_connection_pool`, `#remove_connection` will be removed in Rails 7.0.
+    Calculating the caller location is a costly operation and should be used primarily in development
+    (note, there is also a `config.active_record.verbose_query_logs` that serves the same purpose)
+    or occasionally on production for debugging purposes.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
-
-*   Deprecate `#default_hash` and it's alias `#[]` on database configurations.
-
-    Applications should use `configs_for`. `#default_hash` and `#[]` will be removed in Rails 7.0.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
-
-*   Add scale support to `ActiveRecord::Validations::NumericalityValidator`.
-
-    *Gannon McGibbon*
-
-*   Find orphans by looking for missing relations through chaining `where.missing`:
-
-    Before:
+    *fatkodima*
 
-    ```ruby
-    Post.left_joins(:author).where(authors: { id: nil })
-    ```
+*   Add an option to `ActiveRecord::Encryption::Encryptor` to disable compression.
 
-    After:
+    Allow compression to be disabled by setting `compress: false`
 
     ```ruby
-    Post.where.missing(:author)
+      class User
+        encrypts :name, encryptor: ActiveRecord::Encryption::Encryptor.new(compress: false)
+      end
     ```
 
-    *Tom Rossi*
-
-*   Ensure `:reading` connections always raise if a write is attempted.
-
-    Now Rails will raise an `ActiveRecord::ReadOnlyError` if any connection on the reading handler attempts to make a write. If your reading role needs to write you should name the role something other than `:reading`.
-
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+    *Donal McBreen*
 
-*   Deprecate `"primary"` as the `connection_specification_name` for `ActiveRecord::Base`.
+*   Deprecate passing strings to `ActiveRecord::Tasks::DatabaseTasks.cache_dump_filename`.
 
-    `"primary"` has been deprecated as the `connection_specification_name` for `ActiveRecord::Base` in favor of using `"ActiveRecord::Base"`. This change affects calls to `ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handler.retrieve_connection` and `ActiveRecord::Base.connection_handler.remove_connection`. If you're calling these methods with `"primary"`, please switch to `"ActiveRecord::Base"`.
+    A `ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations::DatabaseConfig` object should be passed instead.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+    *Rafael Mendonça França*
 
-*   Add `ActiveRecord::Validations::NumericalityValidator` with
-    support for casting floats using a database columns' precision value.
+*   Add `row_count` field to `sql.active_record` notification.
 
-    *Gannon McGibbon*
+    This field returns the amount of rows returned by the query that emitted the notification.
 
-*   Enforce fresh ETag header after a collection's contents change by adding
-    ActiveRecord::Relation#cache_key_with_version. This method will be used by
-    ActionController::ConditionalGet to ensure that when collection cache versioning
-    is enabled, requests using ConditionalGet don't return the same ETag header
-    after a collection is modified.
+    This metric is useful in cases where one wants to detect queries with big result sets.
 
-    Fixes #38078.
+    *Marvin Bitterlich*
 
-    *Aaron Lipman*
+*   Consistently raise an `ArgumentError` when passing an invalid argument to a nested attributes association writer.
 
-*   Skip test database when running `db:create` or `db:drop` in development
-    with `DATABASE_URL` set.
+    Previously, this would only raise on collection associations and produce a generic error on singular associations.
 
-    *Brian Buchalter*
+    Now, it will raise on both collection and singular associations.
 
-*   Don't allow mutations on the database configurations hash.
+    *Joshua Young*
 
-    Freeze the configurations hash to disallow directly changing it. If applications need to change the hash, for example to create databases for parallelization, they should use the `DatabaseConfig` object directly.
+*   Fix single quote escapes on default generated MySQL columns.
 
-    Before:
+    MySQL 5.7.5+ supports generated columns, which can be used to create a column that is computed from an expression.
 
-    ```ruby
-    @db_config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for(env_name: "test", spec_name: "primary")
-    @db_config.configuration_hash.merge!(idle_timeout: "0.02")
-    ```
+    Previously, the schema dump would output a string with double escapes for generated columns with single quotes in the default expression.
 
-    After:
+    This would result in issues when importing the schema on a fresh instance of a MySQL database.
 
-    ```ruby
-    @db_config = ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for(env_name: "test", spec_name: "primary")
-    config = @db_config.configuration_hash.merge(idle_timeout: "0.02")
-    db_config = ActiveRecord::DatabaseConfigurations::HashConfig.new(@db_config.env_name, @db_config.spec_name, config)
-    ```
+    Now, the string will not be escaped and will be valid Ruby upon importing of the schema.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+    *Yash Kapadia*
 
-*   Remove `:connection_id` from the `sql.active_record` notification.
+*   Fix Migrations with versions older than 7.1 validating options given to
+    `add_reference` and `t.references`.
 
-    *Aaron Patterson*, *Rafael Mendonça França*
+    *Hartley McGuire*
 
-*   The `:name` key will no longer be returned as part of `DatabaseConfig#configuration_hash`. Please use `DatabaseConfig#owner_name` instead.
+*   Add `<role>_types` class method to `ActiveRecord::DelegatedType` so that the delegated types can be introspected.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+    *JP Rosevear*
 
-*   ActiveRecord's `belongs_to_required_by_default` flag can now be set per model.
+*   Make `schema_dump`, `query_cache`, `replica` and `database_tasks` configurable via `DATABASE_URL`.
 
-    You can now opt-out/opt-in specific models from having their associations required
-    by default.
+    This wouldn't always work previously because boolean values would be interpreted as strings.
 
-    This change is meant to ease the process of migrating all your models to have
-    their association required.
+    e.g. `DATABASE_URL=postgres://localhost/foo?schema_dump=false` now properly disable dumping the schema
+    cache.
 
-    *Edouard Chin*
+    *Mike Coutermarsh*, *Jean Boussier*
 
-*   The `connection_config` method has been deprecated, please use `connection_db_config` instead which will return a `DatabaseConfigurations::DatabaseConfig` instead of a `Hash`.
+*   Introduce `ActiveRecord::Transactions::ClassMethods#set_callback`.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+     It is identical to `ActiveSupport::Callbacks::ClassMethods#set_callback`
+     but with support for `after_commit` and `after_rollback` callback options.
 
-*   Retain explicit selections on the base model after applying `includes` and `joins`.
+    *Joshua Young*
 
-    Resolves #34889.
+*   Make `ActiveRecord::Encryption::Encryptor` agnostic of the serialization format used for encrypted data.
 
-    *Patrick Rebsch*
+    Previously, the encryptor instance only allowed an encrypted value serialized as a `String` to be passed to the message serializer.
 
-*   The `database` kwarg is deprecated without replacement because it can't be used for sharding and creates an issue if it's used during a request. Applications that need to create new connections should use `connects_to` instead.
+    Now, the encryptor lets the configured `message_serializer` decide which types of serialized encrypted values are supported. A custom serialiser is therefore allowed to serialize `ActiveRecord::Encryption::Message` objects using a type other than `String`.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
+    The default `ActiveRecord::Encryption::MessageSerializer` already ensures that only `String` objects are passed for deserialization.
 
-*   Allow attributes to be fetched from Arel node groupings.
+    *Maxime Réty*
 
-    *Jeff Emminger*, *Gannon McGibbon*
+*   Fix `encrypted_attribute?` to take into account context properties passed to `encrypts`.
 
-*   A database URL can now contain a querystring value that contains an equal sign. This is needed to support passing PostgreSQL `options`.
+    *Maxime Réty*
 
-    *Joshua Flanagan*
+*   The object returned by `explain` now responds to `pluck`, `first`,
+    `last`, `average`, `count`, `maximum`, `minimum`, and `sum`. Those
+    new methods run `EXPLAIN` on the corresponding queries:
 
-*   Calling methods like `establish_connection` with a `Hash` which is invalid (eg: no `adapter`) will now raise an error the same way as connections defined in `config/database.yml`.
+    ```ruby
+    User.all.explain.count
+    # EXPLAIN SELECT COUNT(*) FROM `users`
+    # ...
 
-    *John Crepezzi*
+    User.all.explain.maximum(:id)
+    # EXPLAIN SELECT MAX(`users`.`id`) FROM `users`
+    # ...
+    ```
 
-*   Specifying `implicit_order_column` now subsorts the records by primary key if available to ensure deterministic results.
+    *Petrik de Heus*
 
-    *Paweł Urbanek*
+*   Fixes an issue where `validates_associated` `:on`  option wasn't respected
+    when validating associated records.
 
-*   `where(attr => [])` now loads an empty result without making a query.
+    *Austen Madden*, *Alex Ghiculescu*, *Rafał Brize*
 
-    *John Hawthorn*
+*   Allow overriding SQLite defaults from `database.yml`.
 
-*   Fixed the performance regression for `primary_keys` introduced MySQL 8.0.
+    Any PRAGMA configuration set under the `pragmas` key in the configuration
+    file takes precedence over Rails' defaults, and additional PRAGMAs can be
+    set as well.
 
-    *Hiroyuki Ishii*
+    ```yaml
+    database: storage/development.sqlite3
+    timeout: 5000
+    pragmas:
+      journal_mode: off
+      temp_store: memory
+    ```
 
-*   Add support for `belongs_to` to `has_many` inversing.
+    *Stephen Margheim*
 
-    *Gannon McGibbon*
+*   Remove warning message when running SQLite in production, but leave it unconfigured.
 
-*   Allow length configuration for `has_secure_token` method. The minimum length
-    is set at 24 characters.
+    There are valid use cases for running SQLite in production. However, it must be done
+    with care, so instead of a warning most users won't see anyway, it's preferable to
+    leave the configuration commented out to force them to think about having the database
+    on a persistent volume etc.
 
-    Before:
+    *Jacopo Beschi*, *Jean Boussier*
 
-    ```ruby
-    has_secure_token :auth_token
-    ```
+*   Add support for generated columns to the SQLite3 adapter.
 
-    After:
+    Generated columns (both stored and dynamic) are supported since version 3.31.0 of SQLite.
+    This adds support for those to the SQLite3 adapter.
 
     ```ruby
-    has_secure_token :default_token             # 24 characters
-    has_secure_token :auth_token, length: 36    # 36 characters
-    has_secure_token :invalid_token, length: 12 # => ActiveRecord::SecureToken::MinimumLengthError
+    create_table :users do |t|
+      t.string :name
+      t.virtual :name_upper, type: :string, as: 'UPPER(name)'
+      t.virtual :name_lower, type: :string, as: 'LOWER(name)', stored: true
+    end
     ```
 
-    *Bernardo de Araujo*
-
-*   Deprecate `DatabaseConfigurations#to_h`. These connection hashes are still available via `ActiveRecord::Base.configurations.configs_for`.
-
-    *Eileen Uchitelle*, *John Crepezzi*
-
-*   Add `DatabaseConfig#configuration_hash` to return database configuration hashes with symbol keys, and use all symbol-key configuration hashes internally. Deprecate `DatabaseConfig#config` which returns a String-keyed `Hash` with the same values.
-
-    *John Crepezzi*, *Eileen Uchitelle*
-
-*   Allow column names to be passed to `remove_index` positionally along with other options.
-
-    Passing other options can be necessary to make `remove_index` correctly reversible.
-
-    Before:
-
-        add_index    :reports, :report_id               # => works
-        add_index    :reports, :report_id, unique: true # => works
-        remove_index :reports, :report_id               # => works
-        remove_index :reports, :report_id, unique: true # => ArgumentError
-
-    After:
-
-        remove_index :reports, :report_id, unique: true # => works
+    *Stephen Margheim*
 
-    *Eugene Kenny*
+*   TrilogyAdapter: ignore `host` if `socket` parameter is set.
 
-*   Allow bulk `ALTER` statements to drop and recreate indexes with the same name.
+    This allows to configure a connection on a UNIX socket via `DATABASE_URL`:
 
-    *Eugene Kenny*
-
-*   `insert`, `insert_all`, `upsert`, and `upsert_all` now clear the query cache.
-
-    *Eugene Kenny*
+    ```
+    DATABASE_URL=trilogy://does-not-matter/my_db_production?socket=/var/run/mysql.sock
+    ```
 
-*   Call `while_preventing_writes` directly from `connected_to`.
+    *Jean Boussier*
 
-    In some cases application authors want to use the database switching middleware and make explicit calls with `connected_to`. It's possible for an app to turn off writes and not turn them back on by the time we call `connected_to(role: :writing)`.
+*   Make `assert_queries_count`, `assert_no_queries`, `assert_queries_match`, and
+    `assert_no_queries_match` assertions public.
 
-    This change allows apps to fix this by assuming if a role is writing we want to allow writes, except in the case it's explicitly turned off.
+    To assert the expected number of queries are made, Rails internally uses `assert_queries_count` and
+    `assert_no_queries`. To assert that specific SQL queries are made, `assert_queries_match` and
+    `assert_no_queries_match` are used. These assertions can now be used in applications as well.
 
-    *Eileen M. Uchitelle*
+    ```ruby
+    class ArticleTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+      test "queries are made" do
+        assert_queries_count(1) { Article.first }
+      end
 
-*   Improve detection of ActiveRecord::StatementTimeout with mysql2 adapter in the edge case when the query is terminated during filesort.
+      test "creates a foreign key" do
+        assert_queries_match(/ADD FOREIGN KEY/i, include_schema: true) do
+          @connection.add_foreign_key(:comments, :posts)
+        end
+      end
+    end
+    ```
 
-    *Kir Shatrov*
+    *Petrik de Heus*, *fatkodima*
 
-*   Stop trying to read yaml file fixtures when loading Active Record fixtures.
+*   Fix `has_secure_token` calls the setter method on initialize.
 
-    *Gannon McGibbon*
+    *Abeid Ahmed*
 
-*   Deprecate `.reorder(nil)` with `.first` / `.first!` taking non-deterministic result.
+*   When using a `DATABASE_URL`, allow for a configuration to map the protocol in the URL to a specific database
+    adapter. This allows decoupling the adapter the application chooses to use from the database connection details
+    set in the deployment environment.
 
-    To continue taking non-deterministic result, use `.take` / `.take!` instead.
+    ```ruby
+    # ENV['DATABASE_URL'] = "mysql://localhost/example_database"
+    config.active_record.protocol_adapters.mysql = "trilogy"
+    # will connect to MySQL using the trilogy adapter
+    ```
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    *Jean Boussier*, *Kevin McPhillips*
 
-*   Preserve user supplied joins order as much as possible.
+*   In cases where MySQL returns `warning_count` greater than zero, but returns no warnings when
+    the `SHOW WARNINGS` query is executed, `ActiveRecord.db_warnings_action` proc will still be
+    called with a generic warning message rather than silently ignoring the warning(s).
 
-    Fixes #36761, #34328, #24281, #12953.
+    *Kevin McPhillips*
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+*   `DatabaseConfigurations#configs_for` accepts a symbol in the `name` parameter.
 
-*   Allow `matches_regex` and `does_not_match_regexp` on the MySQL Arel visitor.
+    *Andrew Novoselac*
 
-    *James Pearson*
+*   Fix `where(field: values)` queries when `field` is a serialized attribute
+    (for example, when `field` uses `ActiveRecord::Base.serialize` or is a JSON
+    column).
 
-*   Allow specifying fixtures to be ignored by setting `ignore` in YAML file's '_fixture' section.
+    *João Alves*
 
-    *Tongfei Gao*
+*   Make the output of `ActiveRecord::Core#inspect` configurable.
 
-*   Make the DATABASE_URL env variable only affect the primary connection. Add new env variables for multiple databases.
+    By default, calling `inspect` on a record will yield a formatted string including just the `id`.
 
-    *John Crepezzi*, *Eileen Uchitelle*
+    ```ruby
+    Post.first.inspect #=> "#<Post id: 1>"
+    ```
 
-*   Add a warning for enum elements with 'not_' prefix.
+    The attributes to be included in the output of `inspect` can be configured with
+    `ActiveRecord::Core#attributes_for_inspect`.
 
-        class Foo
-          enum status: [:sent, :not_sent]
-        end
+    ```ruby
+    Post.attributes_for_inspect = [:id, :title]
+    Post.first.inspect #=> "#<Post id: 1, title: "Hello, World!">"
+    ```
 
-    *Edu Depetris*
+    With `attributes_for_inspect` set to `:all`, `inspect` will list all the record's attributes.
 
-*   Make currency symbols optional for money column type in PostgreSQL.
+    ```ruby
+    Post.attributes_for_inspect = :all
+    Post.first.inspect #=> "#<Post id: 1, title: "Hello, World!", published_at: "2023-10-23 14:28:11 +0000">"
+    ```
 
-    *Joel Schneider*
+    In `development` and `test` mode, `attributes_for_inspect` will be set to `:all` by default.
 
-*   Add support for beginless ranges, introduced in Ruby 2.7.
+    You can also call `full_inspect` to get an inspection with all the attributes.
 
-    *Josh Goodall*
+    The attributes in `attribute_for_inspect` will also be used for `pretty_print`.
 
-*   Add `database_exists?` method to connection adapters to check if a database exists.
+    *Andrew Novoselac*
 
-    *Guilherme Mansur*
+*   Don't mark attributes as changed when reassigned to `Float::INFINITY` or
+    `-Float::INFINITY`.
 
-*   Loading the schema for a model that has no `table_name` raises a `TableNotSpecified` error.
+    *Maicol Bentancor*
 
-    *Guilherme Mansur*, *Eugene Kenny*
+*   Support the `RETURNING` clause for MariaDB.
 
-*   PostgreSQL: Fix GROUP BY with ORDER BY virtual count attribute.
+    *fatkodima*, *Nikolay Kondratyev*
 
-    Fixes #36022.
+*   The SQLite3 adapter now implements the `supports_deferrable_constraints?` contract.
 
-    *Ryuta Kamizono*
+    Allows foreign keys to be deferred by adding the `:deferrable` key to the `foreign_key` options.
 
-*   Make ActiveRecord `ConnectionPool.connections` method thread-safe.
+    ```ruby
+    add_reference :person, :alias, foreign_key: { deferrable: :deferred }
+    add_reference :alias, :person, foreign_key: { deferrable: :deferred }
+    ```
 
-    Fixes #36465.
+    *Stephen Margheim*
 
-    *Jeff Doering*
+*   Add the `set_constraints` helper to PostgreSQL connections.
 
-*   Add support for multiple databases to `rails db:abort_if_pending_migrations`.
+    ```ruby
+    Post.create!(user_id: -1) # => ActiveRecord::InvalidForeignKey
 
-    *Mark Lee*
+    Post.transaction do
+      Post.connection.set_constraints(:deferred)
+      p = Post.create!(user_id: -1)
+      u = User.create!
+      p.user = u
+      p.save!
+    end
+    ```
 
-*   Fix sqlite3 collation parsing when using decimal columns.
+    *Cody Cutrer*
 
-    *Martin R. Schuster*
+*   Include `ActiveModel::API` in `ActiveRecord::Base`.
 
-*   Fix invalid schema when primary key column has a comment.
+    *Sean Doyle*
 
-    Fixes #29966.
+*   Ensure `#signed_id` outputs `url_safe` strings.
 
-    *Guilherme Goettems Schneider*
+    *Jason Meller*
 
-*   Fix table comment also being applied to the primary key column.
+*   Add `nulls_last` and working `desc.nulls_first` for MySQL.
 
-    *Guilherme Goettems Schneider*
+    *Tristan Fellows*
 
-*   Allow generated `create_table` migrations to include or skip timestamps.
+*   Allow for more complex hash arguments for `order` which mimics `where` in `ActiveRecord::Relation`.
 
-    *Michael Duchemin*
+    ```ruby
+    Topic.includes(:posts).order(posts: { created_at: :desc })
+    ```
 
+    *Myles Boone*
 
-Please check [6-0-stable](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/6-0-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md) for previous changes.
+Please check [7-1-stable](https://github.com/rails/rails/blob/7-1-stable/activerecord/CHANGELOG.md) for previous changes.