activerecord 5.2.3 → 6.1.0

data/lib/active_record/model_schema.rb

@@ -102,6 +102,30 @@ module ActiveRecord
     # If true, the default table name for a Product class will be "products". If false, it would just be "product".
     # See table_name for the full rules on table/class naming. This is true, by default.
 
+    ##
+    # :singleton-method: implicit_order_column
+    # :call-seq: implicit_order_column
+    #
+    # The name of the column records are ordered by if no explicit order clause
+    # is used during an ordered finder call. If not set the primary key is used.
+
+    ##
+    # :singleton-method: implicit_order_column=
+    # :call-seq: implicit_order_column=(column_name)
+    #
+    # Sets the column to sort records by when no explicit order clause is used
+    # during an ordered finder call. Useful when the primary key is not an
+    # auto-incrementing integer, for example when it's a UUID. Records are subsorted
+    # by the primary key if it exists to ensure deterministic results.
+
+    ##
+    # :singleton-method: immutable_strings_by_default=
+    # :call-seq: immutable_strings_by_default=(bool)
+    #
+    # Determines whether columns should infer their type as `:string` or
+    # `:immutable_string`. This setting does not affect the behavior of
+    # `attribute :foo, :string`. Defaults to false.
+
     included do
       mattr_accessor :primary_key_prefix_type, instance_writer: false
 
@@ -110,12 +134,14 @@ module ActiveRecord
       class_attribute :schema_migrations_table_name, instance_accessor: false, default: "schema_migrations"
       class_attribute :internal_metadata_table_name, instance_accessor: false, default: "ar_internal_metadata"
       class_attribute :pluralize_table_names, instance_writer: false, default: true
+      class_attribute :implicit_order_column, instance_accessor: false
+      class_attribute :immutable_strings_by_default, instance_accessor: false
 
       self.protected_environments = ["production"]
       self.inheritance_column = "type"
       self.ignored_columns = [].freeze
 
-      delegate :type_for_attribute, to: :class
+      delegate :type_for_attribute, :column_for_attribute, to: :class
 
       initialize_load_schema_monitor
     end
@@ -218,11 +244,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       def full_table_name_prefix #:nodoc:
-        (parents.detect { |p| p.respond_to?(:table_name_prefix) } || self).table_name_prefix
+        (module_parents.detect { |p| p.respond_to?(:table_name_prefix) } || self).table_name_prefix
       end
 
       def full_table_name_suffix #:nodoc:
-        (parents.detect { |p| p.respond_to?(:table_name_suffix) } || self).table_name_suffix
+        (module_parents.detect { |p| p.respond_to?(:table_name_suffix) } || self).table_name_suffix
       end
 
       # The array of names of environments where destructive actions should be prohibited. By default,
@@ -271,12 +297,42 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       # Sets the columns names the model should ignore. Ignored columns won't have attribute
       # accessors defined, and won't be referenced in SQL queries.
+      #
+      # A common usage pattern for this method is to ensure all references to an attribute
+      # have been removed and deployed, before a migration to drop the column from the database
+      # has been deployed and run. Using this two step approach to dropping columns ensures there
+      # is no code that raises errors due to having a cached schema in memory at the time the
+      # schema migration is run.
+      #
+      # For example, given a model where you want to drop the "category" attribute, first mark it
+      # as ignored:
+      #
+      #   class Project < ActiveRecord::Base
+      #     # schema:
+      #     #   id         :bigint
+      #     #   name       :string, limit: 255
+      #     #   category   :string, limit: 255
+      #
+      #     self.ignored_columns = [:category]
+      #   end
+      #
+      # The schema still contains `category`, but now the model omits it, so any meta-driven code or
+      # schema caching will not attempt to use the column:
+      #
+      #   Project.columns_hash["category"] => nil
+      #
+      # You will get an error if accessing that attribute directly, so ensure all usages of the
+      # column are removed (automated tests can help you find any usages).
+      #
+      #   user = Project.create!(name: "First Project")
+      #   user.category # => raises NoMethodError
       def ignored_columns=(columns)
-        @ignored_columns = columns.map(&:to_s)
+        reload_schema_from_cache
+        @ignored_columns = columns.map(&:to_s).freeze
       end
 
       def sequence_name
-        if base_class == self
+        if base_class?
           @sequence_name ||= reset_sequence_name
         else
           (@sequence_name ||= nil) || base_class.sequence_name
@@ -339,7 +395,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       def columns
         load_schema
-        @columns ||= columns_hash.values
+        @columns ||= columns_hash.values.freeze
       end
 
       def attribute_types # :nodoc:
@@ -364,6 +420,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # a string or a symbol.
       def type_for_attribute(attr_name, &block)
         attr_name = attr_name.to_s
+        attr_name = attribute_aliases[attr_name] || attr_name
+
         if block
           attribute_types.fetch(attr_name, &block)
         else
@@ -371,11 +429,31 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
       end
 
+      # Returns the column object for the named attribute.
+      # Returns an +ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::NullColumn+ if the
+      # named attribute does not exist.
+      #
+      #   class Person < ActiveRecord::Base
+      #   end
+      #
+      #   person = Person.new
+      #   person.column_for_attribute(:name) # the result depends on the ConnectionAdapter
+      #   # => #<ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::Column:0x007ff4ab083980 @name="name", @sql_type="varchar(255)", @null=true, ...>
+      #
+      #   person.column_for_attribute(:nothing)
+      #   # => #<ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::NullColumn:0xXXX @name=nil, @sql_type=nil, @cast_type=#<Type::Value>, ...>
+      def column_for_attribute(name)
+        name = name.to_s
+        columns_hash.fetch(name) do
+          ConnectionAdapters::NullColumn.new(name)
+        end
+      end
+
       # Returns a hash where the keys are column names and the values are
       # default values when instantiating the Active Record object for this table.
       def column_defaults
         load_schema
-        @column_defaults ||= _default_attributes.deep_dup.to_hash
+        @column_defaults ||= _default_attributes.deep_dup.to_hash.freeze
       end
 
       def _default_attributes # :nodoc:
@@ -385,7 +463,12 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
       # Returns an array of column names as strings.
       def column_names
-        @column_names ||= columns.map(&:name)
+        @column_names ||= columns.map(&:name).freeze
+      end
+
+      def symbol_column_to_string(name_symbol) # :nodoc:
+        @symbol_column_to_string_name_hash ||= column_names.index_by(&:to_sym)
+        @symbol_column_to_string_name_hash[name_symbol]
       end
 
       # Returns an array of column objects where the primary id, all columns ending in "_id" or "_count",
@@ -394,9 +477,8 @@ module ActiveRecord
         @content_columns ||= columns.reject do |c|
           c.name == primary_key ||
           c.name == inheritance_column ||
-          c.name.end_with?("_id") ||
-          c.name.end_with?("_count")
-        end
+          c.name.end_with?("_id", "_count")
+        end.freeze
       end
 
       # Resets all the cached information about columns, which will cause them
@@ -406,7 +488,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # when just after creating a table you want to populate it with some default
       # values, eg:
       #
-      #  class CreateJobLevels < ActiveRecord::Migration[5.0]
+      #  class CreateJobLevels < ActiveRecord::Migration[6.0]
       #    def up
       #      create_table :job_levels do |t|
       #        t.integer :id
@@ -435,13 +517,11 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       protected
-
         def initialize_load_schema_monitor
           @load_schema_monitor = Monitor.new
         end
 
       private
-
         def inherited(child_class)
           super
           child_class.initialize_load_schema_monitor
@@ -459,15 +539,27 @@ module ActiveRecord
             load_schema!
 
             @schema_loaded = true
+          rescue
+            reload_schema_from_cache # If the schema loading failed half way through, we must reset the state.
+            raise
           end
         end
 
         def load_schema!
-          @columns_hash = connection.schema_cache.columns_hash(table_name).except(*ignored_columns)
+          unless table_name
+            raise ActiveRecord::TableNotSpecified, "#{self} has no table configured. Set one with #{self}.table_name="
+          end
+
+          columns_hash = connection.schema_cache.columns_hash(table_name)
+          columns_hash = columns_hash.except(*ignored_columns) unless ignored_columns.empty?
+          @columns_hash = columns_hash.freeze
           @columns_hash.each do |name, column|
+            type = connection.lookup_cast_type_from_column(column)
+            type = _convert_type_from_options(type)
+            warn_if_deprecated_type(column)
             define_attribute(
               name,
-              connection.lookup_cast_type_from_column(column),
+              type,
               default: column.default,
               user_provided_default: false
             )
@@ -477,6 +569,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
         def reload_schema_from_cache
           @arel_table = nil
           @column_names = nil
+          @symbol_column_to_string_name_hash = nil
           @attribute_types = nil
           @content_columns = nil
           @default_attributes = nil
@@ -501,19 +594,52 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
         # Computes and returns a table name according to default conventions.
         def compute_table_name
-          base = base_class
-          if self == base
+          if base_class?
             # Nested classes are prefixed with singular parent table name.
-            if parent < Base && !parent.abstract_class?
-              contained = parent.table_name
-              contained = contained.singularize if parent.pluralize_table_names
+            if module_parent < Base && !module_parent.abstract_class?
+              contained = module_parent.table_name
+              contained = contained.singularize if module_parent.pluralize_table_names
               contained += "_"
             end
 
             "#{full_table_name_prefix}#{contained}#{undecorated_table_name(name)}#{full_table_name_suffix}"
           else
             # STI subclasses always use their superclass' table.
-            base.table_name
+            base_class.table_name
+          end
+        end
+
+        def _convert_type_from_options(type)
+          if immutable_strings_by_default && type.respond_to?(:to_immutable_string)
+            type.to_immutable_string
+          else
+            type
+          end
+        end
+
+        def warn_if_deprecated_type(column)
+          return if attributes_to_define_after_schema_loads.key?(column.name)
+          return unless column.respond_to?(:oid)
+
+          if column.array?
+            array_arguments = ", array: true"
+          else
+            array_arguments = ""
+          end
+
+          if column.sql_type.start_with?("interval")
+            precision_arguments = column.precision.presence && ", precision: #{column.precision}"
+            ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(<<~WARNING)
+              The behavior of the `:interval` type will be changing in Rails 6.2
+              to return an `ActiveSupport::Duration` object. If you'd like to keep
+              the old behavior, you can add this line to #{self.name} model:
+
+                attribute :#{column.name}, :string#{precision_arguments}#{array_arguments}
+
+              If you'd like the new behavior today, you can add this line:
+
+                attribute :#{column.name}, :interval#{precision_arguments}#{array_arguments}
+            WARNING
           end
         end
     end

data/lib/active_record/nested_attributes.rb

@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
 
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/except"
 require "active_support/core_ext/module/redefine_method"
-require "active_support/core_ext/object/try"
 require "active_support/core_ext/hash/indifferent_access"
 
 module ActiveRecord
@@ -289,7 +288,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       # [:allow_destroy]
       #   If true, destroys any members from the attributes hash with a
       #   <tt>_destroy</tt> key and a value that evaluates to +true+
-      #   (eg. 1, '1', true, or 'true'). This option is off by default.
+      #   (e.g. 1, '1', true, or 'true'). This option is off by default.
       # [:reject_if]
       #   Allows you to specify a Proc or a Symbol pointing to a method
       #   that checks whether a record should be built for a certain attribute
@@ -354,7 +353,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
       end
 
       private
-
         # Generates a writer method for this association. Serves as a point for
         # accessing the objects in the association. For example, this method
         # could generate the following:
@@ -386,7 +384,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     private
-
       # Attribute hash keys that should not be assigned as normal attributes.
       # These hash keys are nested attributes implementation details.
       UNASSIGNABLE_KEYS = %w( id _destroy )
@@ -426,7 +423,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
             existing_record.assign_attributes(assignable_attributes)
             association(association_name).initialize_attributes(existing_record)
           else
-            method = "build_#{association_name}"
+            method = :"build_#{association_name}"
             if respond_to?(method)
               send(method, assignable_attributes)
             else
@@ -501,7 +498,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
 
           if attributes["id"].blank?
             unless reject_new_record?(association_name, attributes)
-              association.build(attributes.except(*UNASSIGNABLE_KEYS))
+              association.reader.build(attributes.except(*UNASSIGNABLE_KEYS))
             end
           elsif existing_record = existing_records.detect { |record| record.id.to_s == attributes["id"].to_s }
             unless call_reject_if(association_name, attributes)
@@ -512,7 +509,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
               if target_record
                 existing_record = target_record
               else
-                association.add_to_target(existing_record, :skip_callbacks)
+                association.add_to_target(existing_record, skip_callbacks: true)
               end
 
               assign_to_or_mark_for_destruction(existing_record, attributes, options[:allow_destroy])

data/lib/active_record/no_touching.rb

@@ -43,6 +43,13 @@ module ActiveRecord
         end
     end
 
+    # Returns +true+ if the class has +no_touching+ set, +false+ otherwise.
+    #
+    #   Project.no_touching do
+    #     Project.first.no_touching? # true
+    #     Message.first.no_touching? # false
+    #   end
+    #
     def no_touching?
       NoTouching.applied_to?(self.class)
     end
@@ -51,7 +58,7 @@ module ActiveRecord
       super unless no_touching?
     end
 
-    def touch(*) # :nodoc:
+    def touch(*, **) # :nodoc:
       super unless no_touching?
     end
   end

data/lib/active_record/null_relation.rb

@@ -60,7 +60,6 @@ module ActiveRecord
     end
 
     private
-
       def exec_queries
         @records = [].freeze
       end