activerecord 2.3.18 → 3.2.22

data/lib/active_record/relation.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  # = Active Record Relation
+  class Relation
+    JoinOperation = Struct.new(:relation, :join_class, :on)
+    ASSOCIATION_METHODS = [:includes, :eager_load, :preload]
+    MULTI_VALUE_METHODS = [:select, :group, :order, :joins, :where, :having, :bind]
+    SINGLE_VALUE_METHODS = [:limit, :offset, :lock, :readonly, :from, :reordering, :reverse_order, :uniq]
+
+    include FinderMethods, Calculations, SpawnMethods, QueryMethods, Batches, Explain, Delegation
+
+    attr_reader :table, :klass, :loaded
+    attr_accessor :extensions, :default_scoped
+    alias :loaded? :loaded
+    alias :default_scoped? :default_scoped
+
+    def initialize(klass, table)
+      @klass, @table = klass, table
+
+      @implicit_readonly = nil
+      @loaded            = false
+      @default_scoped    = false
+
+      SINGLE_VALUE_METHODS.each {|v| instance_variable_set(:"@#{v}_value", nil)}
+      (ASSOCIATION_METHODS + MULTI_VALUE_METHODS).each {|v| instance_variable_set(:"@#{v}_values", [])}
+      @extensions = []
+      @create_with_value = {}
+    end
+
+    def insert(values)
+      primary_key_value = nil
+
+      if primary_key && Hash === values
+        primary_key_value = values[values.keys.find { |k|
+          k.name == primary_key
+        }]
+
+        if !primary_key_value && connection.prefetch_primary_key?(klass.table_name)
+          primary_key_value = connection.next_sequence_value(klass.sequence_name)
+          values[klass.arel_table[klass.primary_key]] = primary_key_value
+        end
+      end
+
+      im = arel.create_insert
+      im.into @table
+
+      conn = @klass.connection
+
+      substitutes = values.sort_by { |arel_attr,_| arel_attr.name }
+      binds       = substitutes.map do |arel_attr, value|
+        [@klass.columns_hash[arel_attr.name], value]
+      end
+
+      substitutes.each_with_index do |tuple, i|
+        tuple[1] = conn.substitute_at(binds[i][0], i)
+      end
+
+      if values.empty? # empty insert
+        im.values = Arel.sql(connection.empty_insert_statement_value)
+      else
+        im.insert substitutes
+      end
+
+      conn.insert(
+        im,
+        'SQL',
+        primary_key,
+        primary_key_value,
+        nil,
+        binds)
+    end
+
+    def new(*args, &block)
+      scoping { @klass.new(*args, &block) }
+    end
+
+    def initialize_copy(other)
+      @bind_values = @bind_values.dup
+      reset
+    end
+
+    alias build new
+
+    def create(*args, &block)
+      scoping { @klass.create(*args, &block) }
+    end
+
+    def create!(*args, &block)
+      scoping { @klass.create!(*args, &block) }
+    end
+
+    # Tries to load the first record; if it fails, then <tt>create</tt> is called with the same arguments as this method.
+    #
+    # Expects arguments in the same format as <tt>Base.create</tt>.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #   # Find the first user named Penélope or create a new one.
+    #   User.where(:first_name => 'Penélope').first_or_create
+    #   # => <User id: 1, first_name: 'Penélope', last_name: nil>
+    #
+    #   # Find the first user named Penélope or create a new one.
+    #   # We already have one so the existing record will be returned.
+    #   User.where(:first_name => 'Penélope').first_or_create
+    #   # => <User id: 1, first_name: 'Penélope', last_name: nil>
+    #
+    #   # Find the first user named Scarlett or create a new one with a particular last name.
+    #   User.where(:first_name => 'Scarlett').first_or_create(:last_name => 'Johansson')
+    #   # => <User id: 2, first_name: 'Scarlett', last_name: 'Johansson'>
+    #
+    #   # Find the first user named Scarlett or create a new one with a different last name.
+    #   # We already have one so the existing record will be returned.
+    #   User.where(:first_name => 'Scarlett').first_or_create do |user|
+    #     user.last_name = "O'Hara"
+    #   end
+    #   # => <User id: 2, first_name: 'Scarlett', last_name: 'Johansson'>
+    def first_or_create(attributes = nil, options = {}, &block)
+      first || create(attributes, options, &block)
+    end
+
+    # Like <tt>first_or_create</tt> but calls <tt>create!</tt> so an exception is raised if the created record is invalid.
+    #
+    # Expects arguments in the same format as <tt>Base.create!</tt>.
+    def first_or_create!(attributes = nil, options = {}, &block)
+      first || create!(attributes, options, &block)
+    end
+
+    # Like <tt>first_or_create</tt> but calls <tt>new</tt> instead of <tt>create</tt>.
+    #
+    # Expects arguments in the same format as <tt>Base.new</tt>.
+    def first_or_initialize(attributes = nil, options = {}, &block)
+      first || new(attributes, options, &block)
+    end
+
+    # Runs EXPLAIN on the query or queries triggered by this relation and
+    # returns the result as a string. The string is formatted imitating the
+    # ones printed by the database shell.
+    #
+    # Note that this method actually runs the queries, since the results of some
+    # are needed by the next ones when eager loading is going on.
+    #
+    # Please see further details in the
+    # {Active Record Query Interface guide}[http://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/active_record_querying.html#running-explain].
+    def explain
+      _, queries = collecting_queries_for_explain { exec_queries }
+      exec_explain(queries)
+    end
+
+    def to_a
+      # We monitor here the entire execution rather than individual SELECTs
+      # because from the point of view of the user fetching the records of a
+      # relation is a single unit of work. You want to know if this call takes
+      # too long, not if the individual queries take too long.
+      #
+      # It could be the case that none of the queries involved surpass the
+      # threshold, and at the same time the sum of them all does. The user
+      # should get a query plan logged in that case.
+      logging_query_plan do
+        exec_queries
+      end
+    end
+
+    def exec_queries
+      return @records if loaded?
+
+      default_scoped = with_default_scope
+
+      if default_scoped.equal?(self)
+        @records = if @readonly_value.nil? && !@klass.locking_enabled?
+          eager_loading? ? find_with_associations : @klass.find_by_sql(arel, @bind_values)
+        else
+          IdentityMap.without do
+            eager_loading? ? find_with_associations : @klass.find_by_sql(arel, @bind_values)
+          end
+        end
+
+        preload = @preload_values
+        preload +=  @includes_values unless eager_loading?
+        preload.each do |associations|
+          ActiveRecord::Associations::Preloader.new(@records, associations).run
+        end
+
+        # @readonly_value is true only if set explicitly. @implicit_readonly is true if there
+        # are JOINS and no explicit SELECT.
+        readonly = @readonly_value.nil? ? @implicit_readonly : @readonly_value
+        @records.each { |record| record.readonly! } if readonly
+      else
+        @records = default_scoped.to_a
+      end
+
+      @loaded = true
+      @records
+    end
+    private :exec_queries
+
+    def as_json(options = nil) #:nodoc:
+      to_a.as_json(options)
+    end
+
+    # Returns size of the records.
+    def size
+      loaded? ? @records.length : count
+    end
+
+    # Returns true if there are no records.
+    def empty?
+      return @records.empty? if loaded?
+
+      c = count
+      c.respond_to?(:zero?) ? c.zero? : c.empty?
+    end
+
+    def any?
+      if block_given?
+        to_a.any? { |*block_args| yield(*block_args) }
+      else
+        !empty?
+      end
+    end
+
+    def many?
+      if block_given?
+        to_a.many? { |*block_args| yield(*block_args) }
+      else
+        @limit_value ? to_a.many? : size > 1
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Scope all queries to the current scope.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    #   Comment.where(:post_id => 1).scoping do
+    #     Comment.first # SELECT * FROM comments WHERE post_id = 1
+    #   end
+    #
+    # Please check unscoped if you want to remove all previous scopes (including
+    # the default_scope) during the execution of a block.
+    def scoping
+      @klass.with_scope(self, :overwrite) { yield }
+    end
+
+    # Updates all records with details given if they match a set of conditions supplied, limits and order can
+    # also be supplied. This method constructs a single SQL UPDATE statement and sends it straight to the
+    # database. It does not instantiate the involved models and it does not trigger Active Record callbacks
+    # or validations.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    #
+    # * +updates+ - A string, array, or hash representing the SET part of an SQL statement.
+    # * +conditions+ - A string, array, or hash representing the WHERE part of an SQL statement.
+    #   See conditions in the intro.
+    # * +options+ - Additional options are <tt>:limit</tt> and <tt>:order</tt>, see the examples for usage.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   # Update all customers with the given attributes
+    #   Customer.update_all :wants_email => true
+    #
+    #   # Update all books with 'Rails' in their title
+    #   Book.update_all "author = 'David'", "title LIKE '%Rails%'"
+    #
+    #   # Update all avatars migrated more than a week ago
+    #   Avatar.update_all ['migrated_at = ?', Time.now.utc], ['migrated_at > ?', 1.week.ago]
+    #
+    #   # Update all books that match conditions, but limit it to 5 ordered by date
+    #   Book.update_all "author = 'David'", "title LIKE '%Rails%'", :order => 'created_at', :limit => 5
+    #
+    #   # Conditions from the current relation also works
+    #   Book.where('title LIKE ?', '%Rails%').update_all(:author => 'David')
+    #
+    #   # The same idea applies to limit and order
+    #   Book.where('title LIKE ?', '%Rails%').order(:created_at).limit(5).update_all(:author => 'David')
+    def update_all(updates, conditions = nil, options = {})
+      IdentityMap.repository[symbolized_base_class].clear if IdentityMap.enabled?
+      if conditions || options.present?
+        where(conditions).apply_finder_options(options.slice(:limit, :order)).update_all(updates)
+      else
+        stmt = Arel::UpdateManager.new(arel.engine)
+
+        stmt.set Arel.sql(@klass.send(:sanitize_sql_for_assignment, updates))
+        stmt.table(table)
+        stmt.key = table[primary_key]
+
+        if joins_values.any?
+          @klass.connection.join_to_update(stmt, arel)
+        else
+          stmt.take(arel.limit)
+          stmt.order(*arel.orders)
+          stmt.wheres = arel.constraints
+        end
+
+        @klass.connection.update stmt, 'SQL', bind_values
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Updates an object (or multiple objects) and saves it to the database, if validations pass.
+    # The resulting object is returned whether the object was saved successfully to the database or not.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    #
+    # * +id+ - This should be the id or an array of ids to be updated.
+    # * +attributes+ - This should be a hash of attributes or an array of hashes.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   # Updates one record
+    #   Person.update(15, :user_name => 'Samuel', :group => 'expert')
+    #
+    #   # Updates multiple records
+    #   people = { 1 => { "first_name" => "David" }, 2 => { "first_name" => "Jeremy" } }
+    #   Person.update(people.keys, people.values)
+    def update(id, attributes)
+      if id.is_a?(Array)
+        id.each.with_index.map {|one_id, idx| update(one_id, attributes[idx])}
+      else
+        object = find(id)
+        object.update_attributes(attributes)
+        object
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Destroys the records matching +conditions+ by instantiating each
+    # record and calling its +destroy+ method. Each object's callbacks are
+    # executed (including <tt>:dependent</tt> association options and
+    # +before_destroy+/+after_destroy+ Observer methods). Returns the
+    # collection of objects that were destroyed; each will be frozen, to
+    # reflect that no changes should be made (since they can't be
+    # persisted).
+    #
+    # Note: Instantiation, callback execution, and deletion of each
+    # record can be time consuming when you're removing many records at
+    # once. It generates at least one SQL +DELETE+ query per record (or
+    # possibly more, to enforce your callbacks). If you want to delete many
+    # rows quickly, without concern for their associations or callbacks, use
+    # +delete_all+ instead.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    #
+    # * +conditions+ - A string, array, or hash that specifies which records
+    #   to destroy. If omitted, all records are destroyed. See the
+    #   Conditions section in the introduction to ActiveRecord::Base for
+    #   more information.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   Person.destroy_all("last_login < '2004-04-04'")
+    #   Person.destroy_all(:status => "inactive")
+    #   Person.where(:age => 0..18).destroy_all
+    def destroy_all(conditions = nil)
+      if conditions
+        where(conditions).destroy_all
+      else
+        to_a.each {|object| object.destroy }.tap { reset }
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Destroy an object (or multiple objects) that has the given id, the object is instantiated first,
+    # therefore all callbacks and filters are fired off before the object is deleted. This method is
+    # less efficient than ActiveRecord#delete but allows cleanup methods and other actions to be run.
+    #
+    # This essentially finds the object (or multiple objects) with the given id, creates a new object
+    # from the attributes, and then calls destroy on it.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    #
+    # * +id+ - Can be either an Integer or an Array of Integers.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   # Destroy a single object
+    #   Todo.destroy(1)
+    #
+    #   # Destroy multiple objects
+    #   todos = [1,2,3]
+    #   Todo.destroy(todos)
+    def destroy(id)
+      if id.is_a?(Array)
+        id.map { |one_id| destroy(one_id) }
+      else
+        find(id).destroy
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Deletes the records matching +conditions+ without instantiating the records first, and hence not
+    # calling the +destroy+ method nor invoking callbacks. This is a single SQL DELETE statement that
+    # goes straight to the database, much more efficient than +destroy_all+. Be careful with relations
+    # though, in particular <tt>:dependent</tt> rules defined on associations are not honored. Returns
+    # the number of rows affected.
+    #
+    # ==== Parameters
+    #
+    # * +conditions+ - Conditions are specified the same way as with +find+ method.
+    #
+    # ==== Example
+    #
+    #   Post.delete_all("person_id = 5 AND (category = 'Something' OR category = 'Else')")
+    #   Post.delete_all(["person_id = ? AND (category = ? OR category = ?)", 5, 'Something', 'Else'])
+    #   Post.where(:person_id => 5).where(:category => ['Something', 'Else']).delete_all
+    #
+    # Both calls delete the affected posts all at once with a single DELETE statement.
+    # If you need to destroy dependent associations or call your <tt>before_*</tt> or
+    # +after_destroy+ callbacks, use the +destroy_all+ method instead.
+    def delete_all(conditions = nil)
+      raise ActiveRecordError.new("delete_all doesn't support limit scope") if self.limit_value
+
+      IdentityMap.repository[symbolized_base_class] = {} if IdentityMap.enabled?
+      if conditions
+        where(conditions).delete_all
+      else
+        statement = arel.compile_delete
+        affected = @klass.connection.delete(statement, 'SQL', bind_values)
+
+        reset
+        affected
+      end
+    end
+
+    # Deletes the row with a primary key matching the +id+ argument, using a
+    # SQL +DELETE+ statement, and returns the number of rows deleted. Active
+    # Record objects are not instantiated, so the object's callbacks are not
+    # executed, including any <tt>:dependent</tt> association options or
+    # Observer methods.
+    #
+    # You can delete multiple rows at once by passing an Array of <tt>id</tt>s.
+    #
+    # Note: Although it is often much faster than the alternative,
+    # <tt>#destroy</tt>, skipping callbacks might bypass business logic in
+    # your application that ensures referential integrity or performs other
+    # essential jobs.
+    #
+    # ==== Examples
+    #
+    #   # Delete a single row
+    #   Todo.delete(1)
+    #
+    #   # Delete multiple rows
+    #   Todo.delete([2,3,4])
+    def delete(id_or_array)
+      IdentityMap.remove_by_id(self.symbolized_base_class, id_or_array) if IdentityMap.enabled?
+      where(primary_key => id_or_array).delete_all
+    end
+
+    def reload
+      reset
+      to_a # force reload
+      self
+    end
+
+    def reset
+      @first = @last = @to_sql = @order_clause = @scope_for_create = @arel = @loaded = nil
+      @should_eager_load = @join_dependency = nil
+      @records = []
+      self
+    end
+
+    def to_sql
+      @to_sql ||= klass.connection.to_sql(arel, @bind_values.dup)
+    end
+
+    def where_values_hash
+      equalities = with_default_scope.where_values.grep(Arel::Nodes::Equality).find_all { |node|
+        node.left.relation.name == table_name
+      }
+
+      Hash[equalities.map { |where| [where.left.name, where.right] }].with_indifferent_access
+    end
+
+    def scope_for_create
+      @scope_for_create ||= where_values_hash.merge(create_with_value)
+    end
+
+    def eager_loading?
+      @should_eager_load ||=
+        @eager_load_values.any? ||
+        @includes_values.any? && (joined_includes_values.any? || references_eager_loaded_tables?)
+    end
+
+    # Joins that are also marked for preloading. In which case we should just eager load them.
+    # Note that this is a naive implementation because we could have strings and symbols which
+    # represent the same association, but that aren't matched by this. Also, we could have
+    # nested hashes which partially match, e.g. { :a => :b } & { :a => [:b, :c] }
+    def joined_includes_values
+      @includes_values & @joins_values
+    end
+
+    def ==(other)
+      case other
+      when Relation
+        other.to_sql == to_sql
+      when Array
+        to_a == other
+      end
+    end
+
+    def inspect
+      to_a.inspect
+    end
+
+    def with_default_scope #:nodoc:
+      if default_scoped? && default_scope = klass.send(:build_default_scope)
+        default_scope = default_scope.merge(self)
+        default_scope.default_scoped = false
+        default_scope
+      else
+        self
+      end
+    end
+
+    private
+
+    def references_eager_loaded_tables?
+      joined_tables = arel.join_sources.map do |join|
+        if join.is_a?(Arel::Nodes::StringJoin)
+          tables_in_string(join.left)
+        else
+          [join.left.table_name, join.left.table_alias]
+        end
+      end
+
+      joined_tables += [table.name, table.table_alias]
+
+      # always convert table names to downcase as in Oracle quoted table names are in uppercase
+      joined_tables = joined_tables.flatten.compact.map { |t| t.downcase }.uniq
+
+      (tables_in_string(to_sql) - joined_tables).any?
+    end
+
+    def tables_in_string(string)
+      return [] if string.blank?
+      # always convert table names to downcase as in Oracle quoted table names are in uppercase
+      # ignore raw_sql_ that is used by Oracle adapter as alias for limit/offset subqueries
+      string.scan(/([a-zA-Z_][.\w]+).?\./).flatten.map{ |s| s.downcase }.uniq - ['raw_sql_']
+    end
+  end
+end

data/lib/active_record/result.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+module ActiveRecord
+  ###
+  # This class encapsulates a Result returned from calling +exec_query+ on any
+  # database connection adapter. For example:
+  #
+  #   x = ActiveRecord::Base.connection.exec_query('SELECT * FROM foo')
+  #   x # => #<ActiveRecord::Result:0xdeadbeef>
+  class Result
+    include Enumerable
+
+    attr_reader :columns, :rows
+
+    def initialize(columns, rows)
+      @columns   = columns
+      @rows      = rows
+      @hash_rows = nil
+    end
+
+    def each
+      hash_rows.each { |row| yield row }
+    end
+
+    def to_hash
+      hash_rows
+    end
+
+    private
+    def hash_rows
+      @hash_rows ||=
+        begin
+          # We freeze the strings to prevent them getting duped when
+          # used as keys in ActiveRecord::Model's @attributes hash
+          columns = @columns.map { |c| c.dup.freeze }
+          @rows.map { |row|
+            Hash[columns.zip(row)]
+          }
+        end
+    end
+  end
+end