activerecord 1.0.0 → 3.0.0

data/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/schema_definitions.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,739 @@
+require 'active_support/core_ext/object/blank'
+require 'date'
+require 'set'
+require 'bigdecimal'
+require 'bigdecimal/util'
+
+module ActiveRecord
+  module ConnectionAdapters #:nodoc:
+    # An abstract definition of a column in a table.
+    class Column
+      TRUE_VALUES = [true, 1, '1', 't', 'T', 'true', 'TRUE'].to_set
+      FALSE_VALUES = [false, 0, '0', 'f', 'F', 'false', 'FALSE'].to_set
+
+      module Format
+        ISO_DATE = /\A(\d{4})-(\d\d)-(\d\d)\z/
+        ISO_DATETIME = /\A(\d{4})-(\d\d)-(\d\d) (\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)(\.\d+)?\z/
+      end
+
+      attr_reader :name, :default, :type, :limit, :null, :sql_type, :precision, :scale
+      attr_accessor :primary
+
+      # Instantiates a new column in the table.
+      #
+      # +name+ is the column's name, such as <tt>supplier_id</tt> in <tt>supplier_id int(11)</tt>.
+      # +default+ is the type-casted default value, such as +new+ in <tt>sales_stage varchar(20) default 'new'</tt>.
+      # +sql_type+ is used to extract the column's length, if necessary. For example +60+ in
+      # <tt>company_name varchar(60)</tt>.
+      # It will be mapped to one of the standard Rails SQL types in the <tt>type</tt> attribute.
+      # +null+ determines if this column allows +NULL+ values.
+      def initialize(name, default, sql_type = nil, null = true)
+        @name, @sql_type, @null = name, sql_type, null
+        @limit, @precision, @scale = extract_limit(sql_type), extract_precision(sql_type), extract_scale(sql_type)
+        @type = simplified_type(sql_type)
+        @default = extract_default(default)
+
+        @primary = nil
+      end
+
+      # Returns +true+ if the column is either of type string or text.
+      def text?
+        type == :string || type == :text
+      end
+
+      # Returns +true+ if the column is either of type integer, float or decimal.
+      def number?
+        type == :integer || type == :float || type == :decimal
+      end
+
+      def has_default?
+        !default.nil?
+      end
+
+      # Returns the Ruby class that corresponds to the abstract data type.
+      def klass
+        case type
+          when :integer       then Fixnum
+          when :float         then Float
+          when :decimal       then BigDecimal
+          when :datetime      then Time
+          when :date          then Date
+          when :timestamp     then Time
+          when :time          then Time
+          when :text, :string then String
+          when :binary        then String
+          when :boolean       then Object
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Casts value (which is a String) to an appropriate instance.
+      def type_cast(value)
+        return nil if value.nil?
+        case type
+          when :string    then value
+          when :text      then value
+          when :integer   then value.to_i rescue value ? 1 : 0
+          when :float     then value.to_f
+          when :decimal   then self.class.value_to_decimal(value)
+          when :datetime  then self.class.string_to_time(value)
+          when :timestamp then self.class.string_to_time(value)
+          when :time      then self.class.string_to_dummy_time(value)
+          when :date      then self.class.string_to_date(value)
+          when :binary    then self.class.binary_to_string(value)
+          when :boolean   then self.class.value_to_boolean(value)
+          else value
+        end
+      end
+
+      def type_cast_code(var_name)
+        case type
+          when :string    then nil
+          when :text      then nil
+          when :integer   then "(#{var_name}.to_i rescue #{var_name} ? 1 : 0)"
+          when :float     then "#{var_name}.to_f"
+          when :decimal   then "#{self.class.name}.value_to_decimal(#{var_name})"
+          when :datetime  then "#{self.class.name}.string_to_time(#{var_name})"
+          when :timestamp then "#{self.class.name}.string_to_time(#{var_name})"
+          when :time      then "#{self.class.name}.string_to_dummy_time(#{var_name})"
+          when :date      then "#{self.class.name}.string_to_date(#{var_name})"
+          when :binary    then "#{self.class.name}.binary_to_string(#{var_name})"
+          when :boolean   then "#{self.class.name}.value_to_boolean(#{var_name})"
+          else nil
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Returns the human name of the column name.
+      #
+      # ===== Examples
+      #  Column.new('sales_stage', ...).human_name # => 'Sales stage'
+      def human_name
+        Base.human_attribute_name(@name)
+      end
+
+      def extract_default(default)
+        type_cast(default)
+      end
+
+      class << self
+        # Used to convert from Strings to BLOBs
+        def string_to_binary(value)
+          value
+        end
+
+        # Used to convert from BLOBs to Strings
+        def binary_to_string(value)
+          value
+        end
+
+        def string_to_date(string)
+          return string unless string.is_a?(String)
+          return nil if string.empty?
+
+          fast_string_to_date(string) || fallback_string_to_date(string)
+        end
+
+        def string_to_time(string)
+          return string unless string.is_a?(String)
+          return nil if string.empty?
+
+          fast_string_to_time(string) || fallback_string_to_time(string)
+        end
+
+        def string_to_dummy_time(string)
+          return string unless string.is_a?(String)
+          return nil if string.empty?
+
+          string_to_time "2000-01-01 #{string}"
+        end
+
+        # convert something to a boolean
+        def value_to_boolean(value)
+          if value.is_a?(String) && value.blank?
+            nil
+          else
+            TRUE_VALUES.include?(value)
+          end
+        end
+
+        # convert something to a BigDecimal
+        def value_to_decimal(value)
+          # Using .class is faster than .is_a? and
+          # subclasses of BigDecimal will be handled
+          # in the else clause
+          if value.class == BigDecimal
+            value
+          elsif value.respond_to?(:to_d)
+            value.to_d
+          else
+            value.to_s.to_d
+          end
+        end
+
+        protected
+          # '0.123456' -> 123456
+          # '1.123456' -> 123456
+          def microseconds(time)
+            ((time[:sec_fraction].to_f % 1) * 1_000_000).to_i
+          end
+
+          def new_date(year, mon, mday)
+            if year && year != 0
+              Date.new(year, mon, mday) rescue nil
+            end
+          end
+
+          def new_time(year, mon, mday, hour, min, sec, microsec)
+            # Treat 0000-00-00 00:00:00 as nil.
+            return nil if year.nil? || year == 0
+
+            Time.time_with_datetime_fallback(Base.default_timezone, year, mon, mday, hour, min, sec, microsec) rescue nil
+          end
+
+          def fast_string_to_date(string)
+            if string =~ Format::ISO_DATE
+              new_date $1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i
+            end
+          end
+
+          # Doesn't handle time zones.
+          def fast_string_to_time(string)
+            if string =~ Format::ISO_DATETIME
+              microsec = ($7.to_f * 1_000_000).to_i
+              new_time $1.to_i, $2.to_i, $3.to_i, $4.to_i, $5.to_i, $6.to_i, microsec
+            end
+          end
+
+          def fallback_string_to_date(string)
+            new_date(*::Date._parse(string, false).values_at(:year, :mon, :mday))
+          end
+
+          def fallback_string_to_time(string)
+            time_hash = Date._parse(string)
+            time_hash[:sec_fraction] = microseconds(time_hash)
+
+            new_time(*time_hash.values_at(:year, :mon, :mday, :hour, :min, :sec, :sec_fraction))
+          end
+      end
+
+      private
+        def extract_limit(sql_type)
+          $1.to_i if sql_type =~ /\((.*)\)/
+        end
+
+        def extract_precision(sql_type)
+          $2.to_i if sql_type =~ /^(numeric|decimal|number)\((\d+)(,\d+)?\)/i
+        end
+
+        def extract_scale(sql_type)
+          case sql_type
+            when /^(numeric|decimal|number)\((\d+)\)/i then 0
+            when /^(numeric|decimal|number)\((\d+)(,(\d+))\)/i then $4.to_i
+          end
+        end
+
+        def simplified_type(field_type)
+          case field_type
+            when /int/i
+              :integer
+            when /float|double/i
+              :float
+            when /decimal|numeric|number/i
+              extract_scale(field_type) == 0 ? :integer : :decimal
+            when /datetime/i
+              :datetime
+            when /timestamp/i
+              :timestamp
+            when /time/i
+              :time
+            when /date/i
+              :date
+            when /clob/i, /text/i
+              :text
+            when /blob/i, /binary/i
+              :binary
+            when /char/i, /string/i
+              :string
+            when /boolean/i
+              :boolean
+          end
+        end
+    end
+
+    class IndexDefinition < Struct.new(:table, :name, :unique, :columns, :lengths) #:nodoc:
+    end
+
+    # Abstract representation of a column definition. Instances of this type
+    # are typically created by methods in TableDefinition, and added to the
+    # +columns+ attribute of said TableDefinition object, in order to be used
+    # for generating a number of table creation or table changing SQL statements.
+    class ColumnDefinition < Struct.new(:base, :name, :type, :limit, :precision, :scale, :default, :null) #:nodoc:
+
+      def sql_type
+        base.type_to_sql(type.to_sym, limit, precision, scale) rescue type
+      end
+
+      def to_sql
+        column_sql = "#{base.quote_column_name(name)} #{sql_type}"
+        column_options = {}
+        column_options[:null] = null unless null.nil?
+        column_options[:default] = default unless default.nil?
+        add_column_options!(column_sql, column_options) unless type.to_sym == :primary_key
+        column_sql
+      end
+
+      private
+
+        def add_column_options!(sql, options)
+          base.add_column_options!(sql, options.merge(:column => self))
+        end
+    end
+
+    # Represents the schema of an SQL table in an abstract way. This class
+    # provides methods for manipulating the schema representation.
+    #
+    # Inside migration files, the +t+ object in +create_table+ and
+    # +change_table+ is actually of this type:
+    #
+    #   class SomeMigration < ActiveRecord::Migration
+    #     def self.up
+    #       create_table :foo do |t|
+    #         puts t.class  # => "ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::TableDefinition"
+    #       end
+    #     end
+    #
+    #     def self.down
+    #       ...
+    #     end
+    #   end
+    #
+    # The table definitions
+    # The Columns are stored as a ColumnDefinition in the +columns+ attribute.
+    class TableDefinition
+      # An array of ColumnDefinition objects, representing the column changes
+      # that have been defined.
+      attr_accessor :columns
+
+      def initialize(base)
+        @columns = []
+        @base = base
+      end
+
+      #Handles non supported datatypes - e.g. XML
+      def method_missing(symbol, *args)
+        if symbol.to_s == 'xml'
+          xml_column_fallback(args)
+        else
+          super
+        end
+      end
+
+      def xml_column_fallback(*args)
+        case @base.adapter_name.downcase
+        when 'sqlite', 'mysql'
+          options = args.extract_options!
+          column(args[0], :text, options)
+        end
+      end
+
+      # Appends a primary key definition to the table definition.
+      # Can be called multiple times, but this is probably not a good idea.
+      def primary_key(name)
+        column(name, :primary_key)
+      end
+
+      # Returns a ColumnDefinition for the column with name +name+.
+      def [](name)
+        @columns.find {|column| column.name.to_s == name.to_s}
+      end
+
+      # Instantiates a new column for the table.
+      # The +type+ parameter is normally one of the migrations native types,
+      # which is one of the following:
+      # <tt>:primary_key</tt>, <tt>:string</tt>, <tt>:text</tt>,
+      # <tt>:integer</tt>, <tt>:float</tt>, <tt>:decimal</tt>,
+      # <tt>:datetime</tt>, <tt>:timestamp</tt>, <tt>:time</tt>,
+      # <tt>:date</tt>, <tt>:binary</tt>, <tt>:boolean</tt>.
+      #
+      # You may use a type not in this list as long as it is supported by your
+      # database (for example, "polygon" in MySQL), but this will not be database
+      # agnostic and should usually be avoided.
+      #
+      # Available options are (none of these exists by default):
+      # * <tt>:limit</tt> -
+      #   Requests a maximum column length. This is number of characters for <tt>:string</tt> and
+      #   <tt>:text</tt> columns and number of bytes for :binary and :integer columns.
+      # * <tt>:default</tt> -
+      #   The column's default value. Use nil for NULL.
+      # * <tt>:null</tt> -
+      #   Allows or disallows +NULL+ values in the column. This option could
+      #   have been named <tt>:null_allowed</tt>.
+      # * <tt>:precision</tt> -
+      #   Specifies the precision for a <tt>:decimal</tt> column.
+      # * <tt>:scale</tt> -
+      #   Specifies the scale for a <tt>:decimal</tt> column.
+      #
+      # For clarity's sake: the precision is the number of significant digits,
+      # while the scale is the number of digits that can be stored following
+      # the decimal point. For example, the number 123.45 has a precision of 5
+      # and a scale of 2. A decimal with a precision of 5 and a scale of 2 can
+      # range from -999.99 to 999.99.
+      #
+      # Please be aware of different RDBMS implementations behavior with
+      # <tt>:decimal</tt> columns:
+      # * The SQL standard says the default scale should be 0, <tt>:scale</tt> <=
+      #   <tt>:precision</tt>, and makes no comments about the requirements of
+      #   <tt>:precision</tt>.
+      # * MySQL: <tt>:precision</tt> [1..63], <tt>:scale</tt> [0..30].
+      #   Default is (10,0).
+      # * PostgreSQL: <tt>:precision</tt> [1..infinity],
+      #   <tt>:scale</tt> [0..infinity]. No default.
+      # * SQLite2: Any <tt>:precision</tt> and <tt>:scale</tt> may be used.
+      #   Internal storage as strings. No default.
+      # * SQLite3: No restrictions on <tt>:precision</tt> and <tt>:scale</tt>,
+      #   but the maximum supported <tt>:precision</tt> is 16. No default.
+      # * Oracle: <tt>:precision</tt> [1..38], <tt>:scale</tt> [-84..127].
+      #   Default is (38,0).
+      # * DB2: <tt>:precision</tt> [1..63], <tt>:scale</tt> [0..62].
+      #   Default unknown.
+      # * Firebird: <tt>:precision</tt> [1..18], <tt>:scale</tt> [0..18].
+      #   Default (9,0). Internal types NUMERIC and DECIMAL have different
+      #   storage rules, decimal being better.
+      # * FrontBase?: <tt>:precision</tt> [1..38], <tt>:scale</tt> [0..38].
+      #   Default (38,0). WARNING Max <tt>:precision</tt>/<tt>:scale</tt> for
+      #   NUMERIC is 19, and DECIMAL is 38.
+      # * SqlServer?: <tt>:precision</tt> [1..38], <tt>:scale</tt> [0..38].
+      #   Default (38,0).
+      # * Sybase: <tt>:precision</tt> [1..38], <tt>:scale</tt> [0..38].
+      #   Default (38,0).
+      # * OpenBase?: Documentation unclear. Claims storage in <tt>double</tt>.
+      #
+      # This method returns <tt>self</tt>.
+      #
+      # == Examples
+      #  # Assuming td is an instance of TableDefinition
+      #  td.column(:granted, :boolean)
+      #  # granted BOOLEAN
+      #
+      #  td.column(:picture, :binary, :limit => 2.megabytes)
+      #  # => picture BLOB(2097152)
+      #
+      #  td.column(:sales_stage, :string, :limit => 20, :default => 'new', :null => false)
+      #  # => sales_stage VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'new' NOT NULL
+      #
+      #  td.column(:bill_gates_money, :decimal, :precision => 15, :scale => 2)
+      #  # => bill_gates_money DECIMAL(15,2)
+      #
+      #  td.column(:sensor_reading, :decimal, :precision => 30, :scale => 20)
+      #  # => sensor_reading DECIMAL(30,20)
+      #
+      #  # While <tt>:scale</tt> defaults to zero on most databases, it
+      #  # probably wouldn't hurt to include it.
+      #  td.column(:huge_integer, :decimal, :precision => 30)
+      #  # => huge_integer DECIMAL(30)
+      #
+      #  # Defines a column with a database-specific type.
+      #  td.column(:foo, 'polygon')
+      #  # => foo polygon
+      #
+      # == Short-hand examples
+      #
+      # Instead of calling +column+ directly, you can also work with the short-hand definitions for the default types.
+      # They use the type as the method name instead of as a parameter and allow for multiple columns to be defined
+      # in a single statement.
+      #
+      # What can be written like this with the regular calls to column:
+      #
+      #   create_table "products", :force => true do |t|
+      #     t.column "shop_id",    :integer
+      #     t.column "creator_id", :integer
+      #     t.column "name",       :string,   :default => "Untitled"
+      #     t.column "value",      :string,   :default => "Untitled"
+      #     t.column "created_at", :datetime
+      #     t.column "updated_at", :datetime
+      #   end
+      #
+      # Can also be written as follows using the short-hand:
+      #
+      #   create_table :products do |t|
+      #     t.integer :shop_id, :creator_id
+      #     t.string  :name, :value, :default => "Untitled"
+      #     t.timestamps
+      #   end
+      #
+      # There's a short-hand method for each of the type values declared at the top. And then there's
+      # TableDefinition#timestamps that'll add created_at and +updated_at+ as datetimes.
+      #
+      # TableDefinition#references will add an appropriately-named _id column, plus a corresponding _type
+      # column if the <tt>:polymorphic</tt> option is supplied. If <tt>:polymorphic</tt> is a hash of
+      # options, these will be used when creating the <tt>_type</tt> column. So what can be written like this:
+      #
+      #   create_table :taggings do |t|
+      #     t.integer :tag_id, :tagger_id, :taggable_id
+      #     t.string  :tagger_type
+      #     t.string  :taggable_type, :default => 'Photo'
+      #   end
+      #
+      # Can also be written as follows using references:
+      #
+      #   create_table :taggings do |t|
+      #     t.references :tag
+      #     t.references :tagger, :polymorphic => true
+      #     t.references :taggable, :polymorphic => { :default => 'Photo' }
+      #   end
+      def column(name, type, options = {})
+        column = self[name] || ColumnDefinition.new(@base, name, type)
+        if options[:limit]
+          column.limit = options[:limit]
+        elsif native[type.to_sym].is_a?(Hash)
+          column.limit = native[type.to_sym][:limit]
+        end
+        column.precision = options[:precision]
+        column.scale = options[:scale]
+        column.default = options[:default]
+        column.null = options[:null]
+        @columns << column unless @columns.include? column
+        self
+      end
+
+      %w( string text integer float decimal datetime timestamp time date binary boolean ).each do |column_type|
+        class_eval <<-EOV, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+          def #{column_type}(*args)                                               # def string(*args)
+            options = args.extract_options!                                       #   options = args.extract_options!
+            column_names = args                                                   #   column_names = args
+                                                                                  #
+            column_names.each { |name| column(name, '#{column_type}', options) }  #   column_names.each { |name| column(name, 'string', options) }
+          end                                                                     # end
+        EOV
+      end
+
+      # Appends <tt>:datetime</tt> columns <tt>:created_at</tt> and
+      # <tt>:updated_at</tt> to the table.
+      def timestamps(*args)
+        options = args.extract_options!
+        column(:created_at, :datetime, options)
+        column(:updated_at, :datetime, options)
+      end
+
+      def references(*args)
+        options = args.extract_options!
+        polymorphic = options.delete(:polymorphic)
+        args.each do |col|
+          column("#{col}_id", :integer, options)
+          column("#{col}_type", :string, polymorphic.is_a?(Hash) ? polymorphic : options) unless polymorphic.nil?
+        end
+      end
+      alias :belongs_to :references
+
+      # Returns a String whose contents are the column definitions
+      # concatenated together. This string can then be prepended and appended to
+      # to generate the final SQL to create the table.
+      def to_sql
+        @columns.map { |c| c.to_sql } * ', '
+      end
+
+      private
+        def native
+          @base.native_database_types
+        end
+    end
+
+    # Represents an SQL table in an abstract way for updating a table.
+    # Also see TableDefinition and SchemaStatements#create_table
+    #
+    # Available transformations are:
+    #
+    #   change_table :table do |t|
+    #     t.column
+    #     t.index
+    #     t.timestamps
+    #     t.change
+    #     t.change_default
+    #     t.rename
+    #     t.references
+    #     t.belongs_to
+    #     t.string
+    #     t.text
+    #     t.integer
+    #     t.float
+    #     t.decimal
+    #     t.datetime
+    #     t.timestamp
+    #     t.time
+    #     t.date
+    #     t.binary
+    #     t.boolean
+    #     t.remove
+    #     t.remove_references
+    #     t.remove_belongs_to
+    #     t.remove_index
+    #     t.remove_timestamps
+    #   end
+    #
+    class Table
+      def initialize(table_name, base)
+        @table_name = table_name
+        @base = base
+      end
+
+      # Adds a new column to the named table.
+      # See TableDefinition#column for details of the options you can use.
+      # ===== Example
+      # ====== Creating a simple column
+      #  t.column(:name, :string)
+      def column(column_name, type, options = {})
+        @base.add_column(@table_name, column_name, type, options)
+      end
+
+      # Checks to see if a column exists. See SchemaStatements#column_exists?
+      def column_exists?(column_name, type = nil, options = nil)
+        @base.column_exists?(@table_name, column_name, type, options)
+      end
+
+      # Adds a new index to the table. +column_name+ can be a single Symbol, or
+      # an Array of Symbols. See SchemaStatements#add_index
+      #
+      # ===== Examples
+      # ====== Creating a simple index
+      #  t.index(:name)
+      # ====== Creating a unique index
+      #  t.index([:branch_id, :party_id], :unique => true)
+      # ====== Creating a named index
+      #  t.index([:branch_id, :party_id], :unique => true, :name => 'by_branch_party')
+      def index(column_name, options = {})
+        @base.add_index(@table_name, column_name, options)
+      end
+
+      # Checks to see if an index exists. See SchemaStatements#index_exists?
+      def index_exists?(column_name, options = {})
+        @base.index_exists?(@table_name, column_name, options)
+      end
+
+      # Adds timestamps (created_at and updated_at) columns to the table. See SchemaStatements#add_timestamps
+      # ===== Example
+      #  t.timestamps
+      def timestamps
+        @base.add_timestamps(@table_name)
+      end
+
+      # Changes the column's definition according to the new options.
+      # See TableDefinition#column for details of the options you can use.
+      # ===== Examples
+      #  t.change(:name, :string, :limit => 80)
+      #  t.change(:description, :text)
+      def change(column_name, type, options = {})
+        @base.change_column(@table_name, column_name, type, options)
+      end
+
+      # Sets a new default value for a column. See SchemaStatements#change_column_default
+      # ===== Examples
+      #  t.change_default(:qualification, 'new')
+      #  t.change_default(:authorized, 1)
+      def change_default(column_name, default)
+        @base.change_column_default(@table_name, column_name, default)
+      end
+
+      # Removes the column(s) from the table definition.
+      # ===== Examples
+      #  t.remove(:qualification)
+      #  t.remove(:qualification, :experience)
+      def remove(*column_names)
+        @base.remove_column(@table_name, column_names)
+      end
+
+      # Removes the given index from the table.
+      #
+      # ===== Examples
+      # ====== Remove the suppliers_name_index in the suppliers table
+      #   t.remove_index :name
+      # ====== Remove the index named accounts_branch_id_index in the accounts table
+      #   t.remove_index :column => :branch_id
+      # ====== Remove the index named accounts_branch_id_party_id_index in the accounts table
+      #   t.remove_index :column => [:branch_id, :party_id]
+      # ====== Remove the index named by_branch_party in the accounts table
+      #   t.remove_index :name => :by_branch_party
+      def remove_index(options = {})
+        @base.remove_index(@table_name, options)
+      end
+
+      # Removes the timestamp columns (created_at and updated_at) from the table.
+      # ===== Example
+      #  t.remove_timestamps
+      def remove_timestamps
+        @base.remove_timestamps(@table_name)
+      end
+
+      # Renames a column.
+      # ===== Example
+      #  t.rename(:description, :name)
+      def rename(column_name, new_column_name)
+        @base.rename_column(@table_name, column_name, new_column_name)
+      end
+
+      # Adds a reference. Optionally adds a +type+ column.
+      # <tt>references</tt> and <tt>belongs_to</tt> are acceptable.
+      # ===== Examples
+      #  t.references(:goat)
+      #  t.references(:goat, :polymorphic => true)
+      #  t.belongs_to(:goat)
+      def references(*args)
+        options = args.extract_options!
+        polymorphic = options.delete(:polymorphic)
+        args.each do |col|
+          @base.add_column(@table_name, "#{col}_id", :integer, options)
+          @base.add_column(@table_name, "#{col}_type", :string, polymorphic.is_a?(Hash) ? polymorphic : options) unless polymorphic.nil?
+        end
+      end
+      alias :belongs_to :references
+
+      # Removes a reference. Optionally removes a +type+ column.
+      # <tt>remove_references</tt> and <tt>remove_belongs_to</tt> are acceptable.
+      # ===== Examples
+      #  t.remove_references(:goat)
+      #  t.remove_references(:goat, :polymorphic => true)
+      #  t.remove_belongs_to(:goat)
+      def remove_references(*args)
+        options = args.extract_options!
+        polymorphic = options.delete(:polymorphic)
+        args.each do |col|
+          @base.remove_column(@table_name, "#{col}_id")
+          @base.remove_column(@table_name, "#{col}_type") unless polymorphic.nil?
+        end
+      end
+      alias :remove_belongs_to  :remove_references
+
+      # Adds a column or columns of a specified type
+      # ===== Examples
+      #  t.string(:goat)
+      #  t.string(:goat, :sheep)
+      %w( string text integer float decimal datetime timestamp time date binary boolean ).each do |column_type|
+        class_eval <<-EOV, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1
+          def #{column_type}(*args)                                          # def string(*args)
+            options = args.extract_options!                                  #   options = args.extract_options!
+            column_names = args                                              #   column_names = args
+                                                                             #
+            column_names.each do |name|                                      #   column_names.each do |name|
+              column = ColumnDefinition.new(@base, name, '#{column_type}')   #     column = ColumnDefinition.new(@base, name, 'string')
+              if options[:limit]                                             #     if options[:limit]
+                column.limit = options[:limit]                               #       column.limit = options[:limit]
+              elsif native['#{column_type}'.to_sym].is_a?(Hash)              #     elsif native['string'.to_sym].is_a?(Hash)
+                column.limit = native['#{column_type}'.to_sym][:limit]       #       column.limit = native['string'.to_sym][:limit]
+              end                                                            #     end
+              column.precision = options[:precision]                         #     column.precision = options[:precision]
+              column.scale = options[:scale]                                 #     column.scale = options[:scale]
+              column.default = options[:default]                             #     column.default = options[:default]
+              column.null = options[:null]                                   #     column.null = options[:null]
+              @base.add_column(@table_name, name, column.sql_type, options)  #     @base.add_column(@table_name, name, column.sql_type, options)
+            end                                                              #   end
+          end                                                                # end
+        EOV
+      end
+
+      private
+        def native
+          @base.native_database_types
+        end
+    end
+
+  end
+end
+