active_module 0.6.1 → 0.6.2

data/vendor/bundle/ruby/4.0.0/gems/activerecord-8.1.3/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql_adapter.rb

@@ -1,1212 +0,0 @@
-# frozen_string_literal: true
-
-gem "pg", "~> 1.1"
-require "pg"
-
-require "active_support/core_ext/object/try"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/abstract_adapter"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/statement_pool"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/column"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/database_statements"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/explain_pretty_printer"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/oid"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/quoting"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/referential_integrity"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_creation"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_definitions"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_dumper"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/schema_statements"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/type_metadata"
-require "active_record/connection_adapters/postgresql/utils"
-
-module ActiveRecord
-  module ConnectionAdapters
-    # = Active Record PostgreSQL Adapter
-    #
-    # The PostgreSQL adapter works with the native C (https://github.com/ged/ruby-pg) driver.
-    #
-    # ==== Options
-    #
-    # * <tt>:host</tt> - Defaults to a Unix-domain socket in /tmp. On machines without Unix-domain sockets,
-    #   the default is to connect to localhost.
-    # * <tt>:port</tt> - Defaults to 5432.
-    # * <tt>:username</tt> - Defaults to be the same as the operating system name of the user running the application.
-    # * <tt>:password</tt> - Password to be used if the server demands password authentication.
-    # * <tt>:database</tt> - Defaults to be the same as the username.
-    # * <tt>:schema_search_path</tt> - An optional schema search path for the connection given
-    #   as a string of comma-separated schema names. This is backward-compatible with the <tt>:schema_order</tt> option.
-    # * <tt>:encoding</tt> - An optional client encoding that is used in a <tt>SET client_encoding TO
-    #   <encoding></tt> call on the connection.
-    # * <tt>:min_messages</tt> - An optional client min messages that is used in a
-    #   <tt>SET client_min_messages TO <min_messages></tt> call on the connection.
-    # * <tt>:variables</tt> - An optional hash of additional parameters that
-    #   will be used in <tt>SET SESSION key = val</tt> calls on the connection.
-    # * <tt>:insert_returning</tt> - An optional boolean to control the use of <tt>RETURNING</tt> for <tt>INSERT</tt> statements
-    #   defaults to true.
-    #
-    # Any further options are used as connection parameters to libpq. See
-    # https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-connect.html for the
-    # list of parameters.
-    #
-    # In addition, default connection parameters of libpq can be set per environment variables.
-    # See https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/libpq-envars.html .
-    class PostgreSQLAdapter < AbstractAdapter
-      ADAPTER_NAME = "PostgreSQL"
-
-      class << self
-        def new_client(conn_params)
-          PG.connect(**conn_params)
-        rescue ::PG::Error => error
-          if conn_params && conn_params[:dbname] == "postgres"
-            raise ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished, error.message
-          elsif conn_params && conn_params[:dbname] && error.message.include?(conn_params[:dbname])
-            raise ActiveRecord::NoDatabaseError.db_error(conn_params[:dbname])
-          elsif conn_params && conn_params[:user] && error.message.include?(conn_params[:user])
-            raise ActiveRecord::DatabaseConnectionError.username_error(conn_params[:user])
-          elsif conn_params && conn_params[:host] && error.message.include?(conn_params[:host])
-            raise ActiveRecord::DatabaseConnectionError.hostname_error(conn_params[:host])
-          else
-            raise ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished, error.message
-          end
-        end
-
-        def dbconsole(config, options = {})
-          pg_config = config.configuration_hash
-
-          ENV["PGUSER"]         = pg_config[:username] if pg_config[:username]
-          ENV["PGHOST"]         = pg_config[:host] if pg_config[:host]
-          ENV["PGPORT"]         = pg_config[:port].to_s if pg_config[:port]
-          ENV["PGPASSWORD"]     = pg_config[:password].to_s if pg_config[:password] && options[:include_password]
-          ENV["PGSSLMODE"]      = pg_config[:sslmode].to_s if pg_config[:sslmode]
-          ENV["PGSSLCERT"]      = pg_config[:sslcert].to_s if pg_config[:sslcert]
-          ENV["PGSSLKEY"]       = pg_config[:sslkey].to_s if pg_config[:sslkey]
-          ENV["PGSSLROOTCERT"]  = pg_config[:sslrootcert].to_s if pg_config[:sslrootcert]
-          if pg_config[:variables]
-            ENV["PGOPTIONS"] = pg_config[:variables].filter_map do |name, value|
-              "-c #{name}=#{value.to_s.gsub(/[ \\]/, '\\\\\0')}" unless value == ":default" || value == :default
-            end.join(" ")
-          end
-          find_cmd_and_exec(ActiveRecord.database_cli[:postgresql], config.database)
-        end
-      end
-
-      ##
-      # :singleton-method:
-      # PostgreSQL allows the creation of "unlogged" tables, which do not record
-      # data in the PostgreSQL Write-Ahead Log. This can make the tables faster,
-      # but significantly increases the risk of data loss if the database
-      # crashes. As a result, this should not be used in production
-      # environments. If you would like all created tables to be unlogged in
-      # the test environment you can add the following to your test.rb file:
-      #
-      #   ActiveSupport.on_load(:active_record_postgresqladapter) do
-      #     self.create_unlogged_tables = true
-      #   end
-      class_attribute :create_unlogged_tables, default: false
-
-      ##
-      # :singleton-method:
-      # PostgreSQL supports multiple types for DateTimes. By default, if you use +datetime+
-      # in migrations, \Rails will translate this to a PostgreSQL "timestamp without time zone".
-      # Change this in an initializer to use another NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES. For example, to
-      # store DateTimes as "timestamp with time zone":
-      #
-      #   ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.datetime_type = :timestamptz
-      #
-      # Or if you are adding a custom type:
-      #
-      #   ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter::NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES[:my_custom_type] = { name: "my_custom_type_name" }
-      #   ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.datetime_type = :my_custom_type
-      #
-      # If you're using +:ruby+ as your +config.active_record.schema_format+ and you change this
-      # setting, you should immediately run <tt>bin/rails db:migrate</tt> to update the types in your schema.rb.
-      class_attribute :datetime_type, default: :timestamp
-
-      ##
-      # :singleton-method:
-      # Toggles automatic decoding of date columns.
-      #
-      #   ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.select_value("select '2024-01-01'::date").class #=> String
-      #   ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.decode_dates = true
-      #   ActiveRecord::ConnectionAdapters::PostgreSQLAdapter.select_value("select '2024-01-01'::date").class #=> Date
-      class_attribute :decode_dates, default: false
-
-      NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES = {
-        primary_key: "bigserial primary key",
-        string:      { name: "character varying" },
-        text:        { name: "text" },
-        integer:     { name: "integer", limit: 4 },
-        bigint:      { name: "bigint" },
-        float:       { name: "float" },
-        decimal:     { name: "decimal" },
-        datetime:    {}, # set dynamically based on datetime_type
-        timestamp:   { name: "timestamp" },
-        timestamptz: { name: "timestamptz" },
-        time:        { name: "time" },
-        date:        { name: "date" },
-        daterange:   { name: "daterange" },
-        numrange:    { name: "numrange" },
-        tsrange:     { name: "tsrange" },
-        tstzrange:   { name: "tstzrange" },
-        int4range:   { name: "int4range" },
-        int8range:   { name: "int8range" },
-        binary:      { name: "bytea" },
-        boolean:     { name: "boolean" },
-        xml:         { name: "xml" },
-        tsvector:    { name: "tsvector" },
-        hstore:      { name: "hstore" },
-        inet:        { name: "inet" },
-        cidr:        { name: "cidr" },
-        macaddr:     { name: "macaddr" },
-        uuid:        { name: "uuid" },
-        json:        { name: "json" },
-        jsonb:       { name: "jsonb" },
-        ltree:       { name: "ltree" },
-        citext:      { name: "citext" },
-        point:       { name: "point" },
-        line:        { name: "line" },
-        lseg:        { name: "lseg" },
-        box:         { name: "box" },
-        path:        { name: "path" },
-        polygon:     { name: "polygon" },
-        circle:      { name: "circle" },
-        bit:         { name: "bit" },
-        bit_varying: { name: "bit varying" },
-        money:       { name: "money" },
-        interval:    { name: "interval" },
-        oid:         { name: "oid" },
-        enum:        {} # special type https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/datatype-enum.html
-      }
-
-      OID = PostgreSQL::OID # :nodoc:
-
-      include PostgreSQL::Quoting
-      include PostgreSQL::ReferentialIntegrity
-      include PostgreSQL::SchemaStatements
-      include PostgreSQL::DatabaseStatements
-
-      def supports_bulk_alter?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_index_sort_order?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_partitioned_indexes?
-        database_version >= 11_00_00 # >= 11.0
-      end
-
-      def supports_partial_index?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_index_include?
-        database_version >= 11_00_00 # >= 11.0
-      end
-
-      def supports_expression_index?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_transaction_isolation?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_foreign_keys?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_check_constraints?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_exclusion_constraints?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_unique_constraints?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_validate_constraints?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_deferrable_constraints?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_views?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_datetime_with_precision?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_json?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_comments?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_savepoints?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_restart_db_transaction?
-        database_version >= 12_00_00 # >= 12.0
-      end
-
-      def supports_insert_returning?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_insert_on_conflict?
-        database_version >= 9_05_00 # >= 9.5
-      end
-      alias supports_insert_on_duplicate_skip? supports_insert_on_conflict?
-      alias supports_insert_on_duplicate_update? supports_insert_on_conflict?
-      alias supports_insert_conflict_target? supports_insert_on_conflict?
-
-      def supports_virtual_columns?
-        database_version >= 12_00_00 # >= 12.0
-      end
-
-      def supports_identity_columns? # :nodoc:
-        database_version >= 10_00_00 # >= 10.0
-      end
-
-      def supports_nulls_not_distinct?
-        database_version >= 15_00_00 # >= 15.0
-      end
-
-      def supports_native_partitioning? # :nodoc:
-        database_version >= 10_00_00 # >= 10.0
-      end
-
-      if PG::Connection.method_defined?(:close_prepared) # pg 1.6.0 & libpq 17
-        def supports_close_prepared? # :nodoc:
-          database_version >= 17_00_00
-        end
-      else
-        def supports_close_prepared? # :nodoc:
-          false
-        end
-      end
-
-      def index_algorithms
-        { concurrently: "CONCURRENTLY" }
-      end
-
-      class StatementPool < ConnectionAdapters::StatementPool # :nodoc:
-        def initialize(connection, max)
-          super(max)
-          @connection = connection
-          @counter = 0
-        end
-
-        def next_key
-          "a#{@counter += 1}"
-        end
-
-        private
-          def dealloc(key)
-            # This is ugly, but safe: the statement pool is only
-            # accessed while holding the connection's lock. (And we
-            # don't need the complication of with_raw_connection because
-            # a reconnect would invalidate the entire statement pool.)
-            if (conn = @connection.instance_variable_get(:@raw_connection)) && conn.status == PG::CONNECTION_OK
-              if @connection.supports_close_prepared?
-                conn.close_prepared key
-              else
-                conn.query "DEALLOCATE #{key}"
-              end
-            end
-          rescue PG::Error
-          end
-      end
-
-      # Initializes and connects a PostgreSQL adapter.
-      def initialize(...)
-        super
-
-        conn_params = @config.compact
-
-        # Map ActiveRecords param names to PGs.
-        conn_params[:user] = conn_params.delete(:username) if conn_params[:username]
-        conn_params[:dbname] = conn_params.delete(:database) if conn_params[:database]
-
-        # Forward only valid config params to PG::Connection.connect.
-        valid_conn_param_keys = PG::Connection.conndefaults_hash.keys + [:requiressl]
-        conn_params.slice!(*valid_conn_param_keys)
-
-        @connection_parameters = conn_params
-
-        @max_identifier_length = nil
-        @type_map = nil
-        @raw_connection = nil
-        @notice_receiver_sql_warnings = []
-
-        @use_insert_returning = @config.key?(:insert_returning) ? self.class.type_cast_config_to_boolean(@config[:insert_returning]) : true
-      end
-
-      def connected?
-        !(@raw_connection.nil? || @raw_connection.finished?)
-      end
-
-      # Is this connection alive and ready for queries?
-      def active?
-        @lock.synchronize do
-          return false unless @raw_connection
-          @raw_connection.query ";"
-          verified!
-        end
-        true
-      rescue PG::Error
-        false
-      end
-
-      def reload_type_map # :nodoc:
-        @lock.synchronize do
-          if @type_map
-            type_map.clear
-          else
-            @type_map = Type::HashLookupTypeMap.new
-          end
-
-          initialize_type_map
-        end
-      end
-
-      def reset!
-        @lock.synchronize do
-          return connect! unless @raw_connection
-
-          unless @raw_connection.transaction_status == ::PG::PQTRANS_IDLE
-            @raw_connection.query "ROLLBACK"
-          end
-          @raw_connection.query "DISCARD ALL"
-
-          super
-        end
-      end
-
-      def clear_cache!(new_connection: false)
-        super
-        @schema_search_path = nil if new_connection
-      end
-
-      # Disconnects from the database if already connected. Otherwise, this
-      # method does nothing.
-      def disconnect!
-        @lock.synchronize do
-          super
-          @raw_connection&.close rescue nil
-          @raw_connection = nil
-        end
-      end
-
-      def discard! # :nodoc:
-        super
-        @raw_connection&.socket_io&.reopen(IO::NULL) rescue nil
-        @raw_connection = nil
-      end
-
-      def self.native_database_types # :nodoc:
-        @native_database_types ||= begin
-          types = NATIVE_DATABASE_TYPES.dup
-          types[:datetime] = types[datetime_type]
-          types
-        end
-      end
-
-      def set_standard_conforming_strings
-        internal_execute("SET standard_conforming_strings = on", "SCHEMA")
-      end
-
-      def supports_ddl_transactions?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_advisory_locks?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_explain?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_extensions?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_materialized_views?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_foreign_tables?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_pgcrypto_uuid?
-        database_version >= 9_04_00 # >= 9.4
-      end
-
-      def supports_optimizer_hints?
-        unless defined?(@has_pg_hint_plan)
-          @has_pg_hint_plan = extension_available?("pg_hint_plan")
-        end
-        @has_pg_hint_plan
-      end
-
-      def supports_common_table_expressions?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def supports_lazy_transactions?
-        true
-      end
-
-      def get_advisory_lock(lock_id) # :nodoc:
-        unless lock_id.is_a?(Integer) && lock_id.bit_length <= 63
-          raise(ArgumentError, "PostgreSQL requires advisory lock ids to be a signed 64 bit integer")
-        end
-        query_value("SELECT pg_try_advisory_lock(#{lock_id})")
-      end
-
-      def release_advisory_lock(lock_id) # :nodoc:
-        unless lock_id.is_a?(Integer) && lock_id.bit_length <= 63
-          raise(ArgumentError, "PostgreSQL requires advisory lock ids to be a signed 64 bit integer")
-        end
-        query_value("SELECT pg_advisory_unlock(#{lock_id})")
-      end
-
-      def enable_extension(name, **)
-        schema, name = name.to_s.split(".").values_at(-2, -1)
-        sql = +"CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS \"#{name}\""
-        sql << " SCHEMA #{schema}" if schema
-
-        internal_exec_query(sql).tap { reload_type_map }
-      end
-
-      # Removes an extension from the database.
-      #
-      # [<tt>:force</tt>]
-      #   Set to +:cascade+ to drop dependent objects as well.
-      #   Defaults to false.
-      def disable_extension(name, force: false)
-        _schema, name = name.to_s.split(".").values_at(-2, -1)
-        internal_exec_query("DROP EXTENSION IF EXISTS \"#{name}\"#{' CASCADE' if force == :cascade}").tap {
-          reload_type_map
-        }
-      end
-
-      def extension_available?(name)
-        query_value("SELECT true FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = #{quote(name)}", "SCHEMA")
-      end
-
-      def extension_enabled?(name)
-        query_value("SELECT installed_version IS NOT NULL FROM pg_available_extensions WHERE name = #{quote(name)}", "SCHEMA")
-      end
-
-      def extensions
-        query = <<~SQL
-          SELECT
-            pg_extension.extname,
-            n.nspname AS schema
-          FROM pg_extension
-          JOIN pg_namespace n ON pg_extension.extnamespace = n.oid
-        SQL
-
-        internal_exec_query(query, "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false).cast_values.map do |row|
-          name, schema = row[0], row[1]
-          schema = nil if schema == current_schema
-          [schema, name].compact.join(".")
-        end
-      end
-
-      # Returns a list of defined enum types, and their values.
-      def enum_types
-        query = <<~SQL
-          SELECT
-            type.typname AS name,
-            type.OID AS oid,
-            n.nspname AS schema,
-            array_agg(enum.enumlabel ORDER BY enum.enumsortorder) AS value
-          FROM pg_enum AS enum
-          JOIN pg_type AS type ON (type.oid = enum.enumtypid)
-          JOIN pg_namespace n ON type.typnamespace = n.oid
-          WHERE n.nspname = ANY (current_schemas(false))
-          GROUP BY type.OID, n.nspname, type.typname;
-        SQL
-
-        internal_exec_query(query, "SCHEMA", allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false).cast_values.each_with_object({}) do |row, memo|
-          name, schema = row[0], row[2]
-          schema = nil if schema == current_schema
-          full_name = [schema, name].compact.join(".")
-          memo[full_name] = row.last
-        end.to_a
-      end
-
-      # Given a name and an array of values, creates an enum type.
-      def create_enum(name, values, **options)
-        sql_values = values.map { |s| quote(s) }.join(", ")
-        scope = quoted_scope(name)
-        query = <<~SQL
-          DO $$
-          BEGIN
-              IF NOT EXISTS (
-                SELECT 1
-                FROM pg_type t
-                JOIN pg_namespace n ON t.typnamespace = n.oid
-                WHERE t.typname = #{scope[:name]}
-                  AND n.nspname = #{scope[:schema]}
-              ) THEN
-                  CREATE TYPE #{quote_table_name(name)} AS ENUM (#{sql_values});
-              END IF;
-          END
-          $$;
-        SQL
-        internal_exec_query(query).tap { reload_type_map }
-      end
-
-      # Drops an enum type.
-      #
-      # If the <tt>if_exists: true</tt> option is provided, the enum is dropped
-      # only if it exists. Otherwise, if the enum doesn't exist, an error is
-      # raised.
-      #
-      # The +values+ parameter will be ignored if present. It can be helpful
-      # to provide this in a migration's +change+ method so it can be reverted.
-      # In that case, +values+ will be used by #create_enum.
-      def drop_enum(name, values = nil, **options)
-        query = <<~SQL
-          DROP TYPE#{' IF EXISTS' if options[:if_exists]} #{quote_table_name(name)};
-        SQL
-        internal_exec_query(query).tap { reload_type_map }
-      end
-
-      # Rename an existing enum type to something else.
-      def rename_enum(name, new_name = nil, **options)
-        new_name ||= options.fetch(:to) do
-          raise ArgumentError, "rename_enum requires two from/to name positional arguments."
-        end
-
-        exec_query("ALTER TYPE #{quote_table_name(name)} RENAME TO #{quote_table_name(new_name)}").tap { reload_type_map }
-      end
-
-      # Add enum value to an existing enum type.
-      def add_enum_value(type_name, value, **options)
-        before, after = options.values_at(:before, :after)
-        sql = +"ALTER TYPE #{quote_table_name(type_name)} ADD VALUE"
-        sql << " IF NOT EXISTS" if options[:if_not_exists]
-        sql << " #{quote(value)}"
-
-        if before && after
-          raise ArgumentError, "Cannot have both :before and :after at the same time"
-        elsif before
-          sql << " BEFORE #{quote(before)}"
-        elsif after
-          sql << " AFTER #{quote(after)}"
-        end
-
-        execute(sql).tap { reload_type_map }
-      end
-
-      # Rename enum value on an existing enum type.
-      def rename_enum_value(type_name, **options)
-        unless database_version >= 10_00_00 # >= 10.0
-          raise ArgumentError, "Renaming enum values is only supported in PostgreSQL 10 or later"
-        end
-
-        from = options.fetch(:from) { raise ArgumentError, ":from is required" }
-        to = options.fetch(:to) { raise ArgumentError, ":to is required" }
-
-        execute("ALTER TYPE #{quote_table_name(type_name)} RENAME VALUE #{quote(from)} TO #{quote(to)}").tap {
-          reload_type_map
-        }
-      end
-
-      # Returns the configured maximum supported identifier length supported by PostgreSQL
-      def max_identifier_length
-        @max_identifier_length ||= query_value("SHOW max_identifier_length", "SCHEMA").to_i
-      end
-
-      # Set the authorized user for this session
-      def session_auth=(user)
-        clear_cache!
-        internal_execute("SET SESSION AUTHORIZATION #{user}", nil, materialize_transactions: true)
-      end
-
-      def use_insert_returning?
-        @use_insert_returning
-      end
-
-      # Returns the version of the connected PostgreSQL server.
-      def get_database_version # :nodoc:
-        with_raw_connection do |conn|
-          version = conn.server_version
-          if version == 0
-            raise ActiveRecord::ConnectionNotEstablished, "Could not determine PostgreSQL version"
-          end
-          version
-        end
-      end
-      alias :postgresql_version :database_version
-
-      def default_index_type?(index) # :nodoc:
-        index.using == :btree || super
-      end
-
-      def build_insert_sql(insert) # :nodoc:
-        sql = +"INSERT #{insert.into} #{insert.values_list}"
-
-        if insert.skip_duplicates?
-          sql << " ON CONFLICT #{insert.conflict_target} DO NOTHING"
-        elsif insert.update_duplicates?
-          sql << " ON CONFLICT #{insert.conflict_target} DO UPDATE SET "
-          if insert.raw_update_sql?
-            sql << insert.raw_update_sql
-          else
-            sql << insert.touch_model_timestamps_unless { |column| "#{insert.model.quoted_table_name}.#{column} IS NOT DISTINCT FROM excluded.#{column}" }
-            sql << insert.updatable_columns.map { |column| "#{column}=excluded.#{column}" }.join(",")
-          end
-        end
-
-        sql << " RETURNING #{insert.returning}" if insert.returning
-        sql
-      end
-
-      def check_version # :nodoc:
-        if database_version < 9_05_00 # < 9.5
-          raise "Your version of PostgreSQL (#{database_version}) is too old. Active Record supports PostgreSQL >= 9.5."
-        end
-      end
-
-      class << self
-        def initialize_type_map(m) # :nodoc:
-          m.register_type "int2", Type::Integer.new(limit: 2)
-          m.register_type "int4", Type::Integer.new(limit: 4)
-          m.register_type "int8", Type::Integer.new(limit: 8)
-          m.register_type "oid", OID::Oid.new
-          m.register_type "float4", Type::Float.new(limit: 24)
-          m.register_type "float8", Type::Float.new
-          m.register_type "text", Type::Text.new
-          register_class_with_limit m, "varchar", Type::String
-          m.alias_type "char", "varchar"
-          m.alias_type "name", "varchar"
-          m.alias_type "bpchar", "varchar"
-          m.register_type "bool", Type::Boolean.new
-          register_class_with_limit m, "bit", OID::Bit
-          register_class_with_limit m, "varbit", OID::BitVarying
-          m.register_type "date", OID::Date.new
-
-          m.register_type "money", OID::Money.new
-          m.register_type "bytea", OID::Bytea.new
-          m.register_type "point", OID::Point.new
-          m.register_type "hstore", OID::Hstore.new
-          m.register_type "json", Type::Json.new
-          m.register_type "jsonb", OID::Jsonb.new
-          m.register_type "cidr", OID::Cidr.new
-          m.register_type "inet", OID::Inet.new
-          m.register_type "uuid", OID::Uuid.new
-          m.register_type "xml", OID::Xml.new
-          m.register_type "tsvector", OID::SpecializedString.new(:tsvector)
-          m.register_type "macaddr", OID::Macaddr.new
-          m.register_type "citext", OID::SpecializedString.new(:citext)
-          m.register_type "ltree", OID::SpecializedString.new(:ltree)
-          m.register_type "line", OID::SpecializedString.new(:line)
-          m.register_type "lseg", OID::SpecializedString.new(:lseg)
-          m.register_type "box", OID::SpecializedString.new(:box)
-          m.register_type "path", OID::SpecializedString.new(:path)
-          m.register_type "polygon", OID::SpecializedString.new(:polygon)
-          m.register_type "circle", OID::SpecializedString.new(:circle)
-
-          m.register_type "numeric" do |_, fmod, sql_type|
-            precision = extract_precision(sql_type)
-            scale = extract_scale(sql_type)
-
-            # The type for the numeric depends on the width of the field,
-            # so we'll do something special here.
-            #
-            # When dealing with decimal columns:
-            #
-            # places after decimal  = fmod - 4 & 0xffff
-            # places before decimal = (fmod - 4) >> 16 & 0xffff
-            if fmod && (fmod - 4 & 0xffff).zero?
-              # FIXME: Remove this class, and the second argument to
-              # lookups on PG
-              Type::DecimalWithoutScale.new(precision: precision)
-            else
-              OID::Decimal.new(precision: precision, scale: scale)
-            end
-          end
-
-          m.register_type "interval" do |*args, sql_type|
-            precision = extract_precision(sql_type)
-            OID::Interval.new(precision: precision)
-          end
-        end
-      end
-
-      private
-        attr_reader :type_map
-
-        def initialize_type_map(m = type_map)
-          self.class.initialize_type_map(m)
-
-          self.class.register_class_with_precision m, "time", Type::Time, timezone: @default_timezone
-          self.class.register_class_with_precision m, "timestamp", OID::Timestamp, timezone: @default_timezone
-          self.class.register_class_with_precision m, "timestamptz", OID::TimestampWithTimeZone
-
-          load_additional_types
-        end
-
-        # Extracts the value from a PostgreSQL column default definition.
-        def extract_value_from_default(default)
-          case default
-            # Quoted types
-          when /\A[(B]?'(.*)'.*::"?([\w. ]+)"?(?:\[\])?\z/m
-            # The default 'now'::date is CURRENT_DATE
-            if $1 == "now" && $2 == "date"
-              nil
-            else
-              $1.gsub("''", "'")
-            end
-            # Boolean types
-          when "true", "false"
-            default
-            # Numeric types
-          when /\A\(?(-?\d+(\.\d*)?)\)?(::bigint)?\z/
-            $1
-            # Object identifier types
-          when /\A-?\d+\z/
-            $1
-          else
-            # Anything else is blank, some user type, or some function
-            # and we can't know the value of that, so return nil.
-            nil
-          end
-        end
-
-        def extract_default_function(default_value, default)
-          default if has_default_function?(default_value, default)
-        end
-
-        def has_default_function?(default_value, default)
-          !default_value && %r{\w+\(.*\)|\(.*\)::\w+|CURRENT_DATE|CURRENT_TIMESTAMP}.match?(default)
-        end
-
-        # See https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/errcodes-appendix.html
-        VALUE_LIMIT_VIOLATION = "22001"
-        NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE = "22003"
-        NOT_NULL_VIOLATION    = "23502"
-        FOREIGN_KEY_VIOLATION = "23503"
-        UNIQUE_VIOLATION      = "23505"
-        CHECK_VIOLATION       = "23514"
-        EXCLUSION_VIOLATION   = "23P01"
-        SERIALIZATION_FAILURE = "40001"
-        DEADLOCK_DETECTED     = "40P01"
-        DUPLICATE_DATABASE    = "42P04"
-        LOCK_NOT_AVAILABLE    = "55P03"
-        QUERY_CANCELED        = "57014"
-
-        def translate_exception(exception, message:, sql:, binds:)
-          return exception unless exception.respond_to?(:result)
-
-          case exception.result.try(:error_field, PG::PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE)
-          when nil
-            if exception.message.match?(/connection is closed/i) || exception.message.match?(/no connection to the server/i)
-              ConnectionNotEstablished.new(exception, connection_pool: @pool)
-            elsif exception.is_a?(PG::ConnectionBad)
-              # libpq message style always ends with a newline; the pg gem's internal
-              # errors do not. We separate these cases because a pg-internal
-              # ConnectionBad means it failed before it managed to send the query,
-              # whereas a libpq failure could have occurred at any time (meaning the
-              # server may have already executed part or all of the query).
-              if exception.message.end_with?("\n")
-                ConnectionFailed.new(exception, connection_pool: @pool)
-              else
-                ConnectionNotEstablished.new(exception, connection_pool: @pool)
-              end
-            else
-              super
-            end
-          when UNIQUE_VIOLATION
-            RecordNotUnique.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when FOREIGN_KEY_VIOLATION
-            InvalidForeignKey.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when CHECK_VIOLATION
-            CheckViolation.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when EXCLUSION_VIOLATION
-            ExclusionViolation.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when VALUE_LIMIT_VIOLATION
-            ValueTooLong.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when NUMERIC_VALUE_OUT_OF_RANGE
-            RangeError.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when NOT_NULL_VIOLATION
-            NotNullViolation.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when SERIALIZATION_FAILURE
-            SerializationFailure.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when DEADLOCK_DETECTED
-            Deadlocked.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when DUPLICATE_DATABASE
-            DatabaseAlreadyExists.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when LOCK_NOT_AVAILABLE
-            LockWaitTimeout.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          when QUERY_CANCELED
-            QueryCanceled.new(message, sql: sql, binds: binds, connection_pool: @pool)
-          else
-            super
-          end
-        end
-
-        def retryable_query_error?(exception)
-          # We cannot retry anything if we're inside a broken transaction; we need to at
-          # least raise until the innermost savepoint is rolled back
-          @raw_connection&.transaction_status != ::PG::PQTRANS_INERROR &&
-            super
-        end
-
-        def get_oid_type(oid, fmod, column_name, sql_type = "")
-          if !type_map.key?(oid)
-            load_additional_types([oid])
-          end
-
-          type_map.fetch(oid, fmod, sql_type) {
-            warn "unknown OID #{oid}: failed to recognize type of '#{column_name}'. It will be treated as String."
-            Type.default_value.tap do |cast_type|
-              type_map.register_type(oid, cast_type)
-            end
-          }
-        end
-
-        def load_additional_types(oids = nil)
-          initializer = OID::TypeMapInitializer.new(type_map)
-          load_types_queries(initializer, oids) do |query|
-            records = internal_execute(query, "SCHEMA", [], allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false)
-            initializer.run(records)
-          end
-        end
-
-        def load_types_queries(initializer, oids)
-          query = <<~SQL
-            SELECT t.oid, t.typname, t.typelem, t.typdelim, t.typinput, r.rngsubtype, t.typtype, t.typbasetype
-            FROM pg_type as t
-            LEFT JOIN pg_range as r ON oid = rngtypid
-          SQL
-          if oids
-            yield query + "WHERE t.oid IN (%s)" % oids.join(", ")
-          else
-            yield query + initializer.query_conditions_for_known_type_names
-            yield query + initializer.query_conditions_for_known_type_types
-            yield query + initializer.query_conditions_for_array_types
-          end
-        end
-
-        FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED = "0A000" # :nodoc:
-
-        # Annoyingly, the code for prepared statements whose return value may
-        # have changed is FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED.
-        #
-        # This covers various different error types so we need to do additional
-        # work to classify the exception definitively as a
-        # ActiveRecord::PreparedStatementCacheExpired
-        #
-        # Check here for more details:
-        # https://git.postgresql.org/gitweb/?p=postgresql.git;a=blob;f=src/backend/utils/cache/plancache.c#l573
-        def is_cached_plan_failure?(pgerror)
-          pgerror.result.result_error_field(PG::PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE) == FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED &&
-            pgerror.result.result_error_field(PG::PG_DIAG_SOURCE_FUNCTION) == "RevalidateCachedQuery"
-        rescue
-          false
-        end
-
-        def in_transaction?
-          open_transactions > 0
-        end
-
-        # Returns the statement identifier for the client side cache
-        # of statements
-        def sql_key(sql)
-          "#{schema_search_path}-#{sql}"
-        end
-
-        # Prepare the statement if it hasn't been prepared, return
-        # the statement key.
-        def prepare_statement(sql, binds, conn)
-          sql_key = sql_key(sql)
-          unless @statements.key? sql_key
-            nextkey = @statements.next_key
-            begin
-              conn.prepare nextkey, sql
-            rescue => e
-              raise translate_exception_class(e, sql, binds)
-            end
-            # Clear the queue
-            conn.get_last_result
-            @statements[sql_key] = nextkey
-          end
-          @statements[sql_key]
-        end
-
-        # Connects to a PostgreSQL server and sets up the adapter depending on the
-        # connected server's characteristics.
-        def connect
-          @raw_connection = self.class.new_client(@connection_parameters)
-        rescue ConnectionNotEstablished => ex
-          raise ex.set_pool(@pool)
-        end
-
-        def reconnect
-          begin
-            @raw_connection&.reset
-          rescue PG::ConnectionBad
-            @raw_connection = nil
-          end
-
-          connect unless @raw_connection
-        end
-
-        # Configures the encoding, verbosity, schema search path, and time zone of the connection.
-        # This is called by #connect and should not be called manually.
-        def configure_connection
-          super
-
-          if @config[:encoding]
-            @raw_connection.set_client_encoding(@config[:encoding])
-          end
-          self.client_min_messages = @config[:min_messages] || "warning"
-          self.schema_search_path = @config[:schema_search_path] || @config[:schema_order]
-
-          unless ActiveRecord.db_warnings_action.nil?
-            @raw_connection.set_notice_receiver do |result|
-              message = result.error_field(PG::Result::PG_DIAG_MESSAGE_PRIMARY)
-              code = result.error_field(PG::Result::PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE)
-              level = result.error_field(PG::Result::PG_DIAG_SEVERITY)
-              @notice_receiver_sql_warnings << SQLWarning.new(message, code, level, nil, @pool)
-            end
-          end
-
-          # Use standard-conforming strings so we don't have to do the E'...' dance.
-          set_standard_conforming_strings
-
-          variables = @config.fetch(:variables, {}).stringify_keys
-
-          # Set interval output format to ISO 8601 for ease of parsing by ActiveSupport::Duration.parse
-          internal_execute("SET intervalstyle = iso_8601", "SCHEMA")
-
-          # SET statements from :variables config hash
-          # https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/sql-set.html
-          variables.map do |k, v|
-            if v == ":default" || v == :default
-              # Sets the value to the global or compile default
-              internal_execute("SET SESSION #{k} TO DEFAULT", "SCHEMA")
-            elsif !v.nil?
-              internal_execute("SET SESSION #{k} TO #{quote(v)}", "SCHEMA")
-            end
-          end
-
-          add_pg_encoders
-          add_pg_decoders
-
-          schema_search_path # populate cache
-
-          reload_type_map
-        end
-
-        def reconfigure_connection_timezone
-          variables = @config.fetch(:variables, {}).stringify_keys
-
-          # If it's been directly configured as a connection variable, we don't
-          # need to do anything here; it will be set up by configure_connection
-          # and then never changed.
-          return if variables["timezone"]
-
-          # If using Active Record's time zone support configure the connection
-          # to return TIMESTAMP WITH ZONE types in UTC.
-          if default_timezone == :utc
-            raw_execute("SET SESSION timezone TO 'UTC'", "SCHEMA")
-          else
-            raw_execute("SET SESSION timezone TO DEFAULT", "SCHEMA")
-          end
-        end
-
-        # Returns the list of a table's column names, data types, and default values.
-        #
-        # The underlying query is roughly:
-        #  SELECT column.name, column.type, default.value, column.comment
-        #    FROM column LEFT JOIN default
-        #      ON column.table_id = default.table_id
-        #     AND column.num = default.column_num
-        #   WHERE column.table_id = get_table_id('table_name')
-        #     AND column.num > 0
-        #     AND NOT column.is_dropped
-        #   ORDER BY column.num
-        #
-        # If the table name is not prefixed with a schema, the database will
-        # take the first match from the schema search path.
-        #
-        # Query implementation notes:
-        #  - format_type includes the column size constraint, e.g. varchar(50)
-        #  - ::regclass is a function that gives the id for a table name
-        def column_definitions(table_name)
-          query(<<~SQL, "SCHEMA")
-              SELECT a.attname, format_type(a.atttypid, a.atttypmod),
-                     pg_get_expr(d.adbin, d.adrelid), a.attnotnull, a.atttypid, a.atttypmod,
-                     c.collname, col_description(a.attrelid, a.attnum) AS comment,
-                     #{supports_identity_columns? ? 'attidentity' : quote('')} AS identity,
-                     #{supports_virtual_columns? ? 'attgenerated' : quote('')} as attgenerated
-                FROM pg_attribute a
-                LEFT JOIN pg_attrdef d ON a.attrelid = d.adrelid AND a.attnum = d.adnum
-                LEFT JOIN pg_type t ON a.atttypid = t.oid
-                LEFT JOIN pg_collation c ON a.attcollation = c.oid AND a.attcollation <> t.typcollation
-               WHERE a.attrelid = #{quote(quote_table_name(table_name))}::regclass
-                 AND a.attnum > 0 AND NOT a.attisdropped
-               ORDER BY a.attnum
-          SQL
-        end
-
-        def arel_visitor
-          Arel::Visitors::PostgreSQL.new(self)
-        end
-
-        def build_statement_pool
-          StatementPool.new(self, self.class.type_cast_config_to_integer(@config[:statement_limit]))
-        end
-
-        def can_perform_case_insensitive_comparison_for?(column)
-          # NOTE: citext is an exception. It is possible to perform a
-          #       case-insensitive comparison using `LOWER()`, but it is
-          #       unnecessary, as `citext` is case-insensitive by definition.
-          @case_insensitive_cache ||= { "citext" => false }
-          @case_insensitive_cache.fetch(column.sql_type) do
-            @case_insensitive_cache[column.sql_type] = begin
-              sql = <<~SQL
-                SELECT exists(
-                  SELECT * FROM pg_proc
-                  WHERE proname = 'lower'
-                    AND proargtypes = ARRAY[#{quote column.sql_type}::regtype]::oidvector
-                ) OR exists(
-                  SELECT * FROM pg_proc
-                  INNER JOIN pg_cast
-                    ON ARRAY[casttarget]::oidvector = proargtypes
-                  WHERE proname = 'lower'
-                    AND castsource = #{quote column.sql_type}::regtype
-                )
-              SQL
-              result = internal_execute(sql, "SCHEMA", [], allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false)
-              result.getvalue(0, 0)
-            end
-          end
-        end
-
-        def add_pg_encoders
-          map = PG::TypeMapByClass.new
-          map[Integer] = PG::TextEncoder::Integer.new
-          map[TrueClass] = PG::TextEncoder::Boolean.new
-          map[FalseClass] = PG::TextEncoder::Boolean.new
-          @raw_connection.type_map_for_queries = map
-        end
-
-        def update_typemap_for_default_timezone
-          if @raw_connection && @mapped_default_timezone != default_timezone && @timestamp_decoder
-            decoder_class = default_timezone == :utc ?
-              PG::TextDecoder::TimestampUtc :
-              PG::TextDecoder::TimestampWithoutTimeZone
-
-            @timestamp_decoder = decoder_class.new(**@timestamp_decoder.to_h)
-            @raw_connection.type_map_for_results.add_coder(@timestamp_decoder)
-
-            @mapped_default_timezone = default_timezone
-
-            # if default timezone has changed, we need to reconfigure the connection
-            # (specifically, the session time zone)
-            reconfigure_connection_timezone
-
-            true
-          end
-        end
-
-        def add_pg_decoders
-          @mapped_default_timezone = nil
-          @timestamp_decoder = nil
-
-          coders_by_name = {
-            "int2" => PG::TextDecoder::Integer,
-            "int4" => PG::TextDecoder::Integer,
-            "int8" => PG::TextDecoder::Integer,
-            "oid" => PG::TextDecoder::Integer,
-            "float4" => PG::TextDecoder::Float,
-            "float8" => PG::TextDecoder::Float,
-            "numeric" => PG::TextDecoder::Numeric,
-            "bool" => PG::TextDecoder::Boolean,
-            "timestamp" => PG::TextDecoder::TimestampUtc,
-            "timestamptz" => PG::TextDecoder::TimestampWithTimeZone,
-          }
-          coders_by_name["date"] = PG::TextDecoder::Date if decode_dates
-
-          known_coder_types = coders_by_name.keys.map { |n| quote(n) }
-          query = <<~SQL % known_coder_types.join(", ")
-            SELECT t.oid, t.typname
-            FROM pg_type as t
-            WHERE t.typname IN (%s)
-          SQL
-          result = internal_execute(query, "SCHEMA", [], allow_retry: true, materialize_transactions: false)
-          coders = result.filter_map { |row| construct_coder(row, coders_by_name[row["typname"]]) }
-
-          map = PG::TypeMapByOid.new
-          coders.each { |coder| map.add_coder(coder) }
-          @raw_connection.type_map_for_results = map
-
-          @type_map_for_results = PG::TypeMapByOid.new
-          @type_map_for_results.default_type_map = map
-          @type_map_for_results.add_coder(PG::TextDecoder::Bytea.new(oid: 17, name: "bytea"))
-          @type_map_for_results.add_coder(MoneyDecoder.new(oid: 790, name: "money"))
-
-          # extract timestamp decoder for use in update_typemap_for_default_timezone
-          @timestamp_decoder = coders.find { |coder| coder.name == "timestamp" }
-          update_typemap_for_default_timezone
-        end
-
-        def construct_coder(row, coder_class)
-          return unless coder_class
-          coder_class.new(oid: row["oid"].to_i, name: row["typname"])
-        end
-
-        class MoneyDecoder < PG::SimpleDecoder # :nodoc:
-          TYPE = OID::Money.new
-
-          def decode(value, tuple = nil, field = nil)
-            TYPE.deserialize(value)
-          end
-        end
-
-        ActiveRecord::Type.add_modifier({ array: true }, OID::Array, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.add_modifier({ range: true }, OID::Range, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:bit, OID::Bit, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:bit_varying, OID::BitVarying, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:binary, OID::Bytea, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:cidr, OID::Cidr, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:date, OID::Date, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:datetime, OID::DateTime, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:decimal, OID::Decimal, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:enum, OID::Enum, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:hstore, OID::Hstore, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:inet, OID::Inet, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:interval, OID::Interval, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:jsonb, OID::Jsonb, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:money, OID::Money, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:point, OID::Point, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:legacy_point, OID::LegacyPoint, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:uuid, OID::Uuid, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:vector, OID::Vector, adapter: :postgresql)
-        ActiveRecord::Type.register(:xml, OID::Xml, adapter: :postgresql)
-    end
-    ActiveSupport.run_load_hooks(:active_record_postgresqladapter, PostgreSQLAdapter)
-  end
-end