active_model_serializers 0.10.9 → 0.10.10
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- checksums.yaml +4 -4
- data/CHANGELOG.md +18 -2
- data/lib/action_controller/serialization.rb +9 -1
- data/lib/active_model/serializer.rb +10 -2
- data/lib/active_model/serializer/version.rb +1 -1
- data/lib/active_model_serializers/adapter/attributes.rb +21 -0
- data/lib/active_model_serializers/adapter/json_api/resource_identifier.rb +1 -1
- metadata +12 -259
- data/.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE.md +0 -29
- data/.github/PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md +0 -15
- data/.gitignore +0 -35
- data/.rubocop.yml +0 -109
- data/.simplecov +0 -110
- data/.travis.yml +0 -63
- data/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md +0 -74
- data/CONTRIBUTING.md +0 -105
- data/Gemfile +0 -74
- data/Rakefile +0 -76
- data/active_model_serializers.gemspec +0 -64
- data/appveyor.yml +0 -28
- data/bin/bench +0 -171
- data/bin/bench_regression +0 -316
- data/bin/rubocop +0 -38
- data/bin/serve_benchmark +0 -39
- data/docs/README.md +0 -41
- data/docs/STYLE.md +0 -58
- data/docs/general/adapters.md +0 -269
- data/docs/general/caching.md +0 -58
- data/docs/general/configuration_options.md +0 -185
- data/docs/general/deserialization.md +0 -100
- data/docs/general/fields.md +0 -31
- data/docs/general/getting_started.md +0 -133
- data/docs/general/instrumentation.md +0 -40
- data/docs/general/key_transforms.md +0 -40
- data/docs/general/logging.md +0 -21
- data/docs/general/rendering.md +0 -293
- data/docs/general/serializers.md +0 -495
- data/docs/how-open-source-maintained.jpg +0 -0
- data/docs/howto/add_pagination_links.md +0 -138
- data/docs/howto/add_relationship_links.md +0 -140
- data/docs/howto/add_root_key.md +0 -62
- data/docs/howto/grape_integration.md +0 -42
- data/docs/howto/outside_controller_use.md +0 -66
- data/docs/howto/passing_arbitrary_options.md +0 -27
- data/docs/howto/serialize_poro.md +0 -73
- data/docs/howto/test.md +0 -154
- data/docs/howto/upgrade_from_0_8_to_0_10.md +0 -265
- data/docs/integrations/ember-and-json-api.md +0 -147
- data/docs/integrations/grape.md +0 -19
- data/docs/jsonapi/errors.md +0 -56
- data/docs/jsonapi/schema.md +0 -151
- data/docs/jsonapi/schema/schema.json +0 -366
- data/docs/rfcs/0000-namespace.md +0 -106
- data/docs/rfcs/template.md +0 -15
- data/test/action_controller/adapter_selector_test.rb +0 -64
- data/test/action_controller/explicit_serializer_test.rb +0 -137
- data/test/action_controller/json/include_test.rb +0 -248
- data/test/action_controller/json_api/deserialization_test.rb +0 -114
- data/test/action_controller/json_api/errors_test.rb +0 -42
- data/test/action_controller/json_api/fields_test.rb +0 -68
- data/test/action_controller/json_api/linked_test.rb +0 -204
- data/test/action_controller/json_api/pagination_test.rb +0 -126
- data/test/action_controller/json_api/transform_test.rb +0 -191
- data/test/action_controller/lookup_proc_test.rb +0 -51
- data/test/action_controller/namespace_lookup_test.rb +0 -234
- data/test/action_controller/serialization_scope_name_test.rb +0 -237
- data/test/action_controller/serialization_test.rb +0 -480
- data/test/active_model_serializers/adapter_for_test.rb +0 -210
- data/test/active_model_serializers/json_pointer_test.rb +0 -24
- data/test/active_model_serializers/logging_test.rb +0 -79
- data/test/active_model_serializers/model_test.rb +0 -144
- data/test/active_model_serializers/railtie_test_isolated.rb +0 -70
- data/test/active_model_serializers/register_jsonapi_renderer_test_isolated.rb +0 -163
- data/test/active_model_serializers/serialization_context_test_isolated.rb +0 -73
- data/test/active_model_serializers/test/schema_test.rb +0 -133
- data/test/active_model_serializers/test/serializer_test.rb +0 -64
- data/test/active_record_test.rb +0 -11
- data/test/adapter/attributes_test.rb +0 -42
- data/test/adapter/deprecation_test.rb +0 -102
- data/test/adapter/json/belongs_to_test.rb +0 -47
- data/test/adapter/json/collection_test.rb +0 -106
- data/test/adapter/json/has_many_test.rb +0 -55
- data/test/adapter/json/transform_test.rb +0 -95
- data/test/adapter/json_api/belongs_to_test.rb +0 -157
- data/test/adapter/json_api/collection_test.rb +0 -98
- data/test/adapter/json_api/errors_test.rb +0 -78
- data/test/adapter/json_api/fields_test.rb +0 -98
- data/test/adapter/json_api/has_many_explicit_serializer_test.rb +0 -98
- data/test/adapter/json_api/has_many_test.rb +0 -175
- data/test/adapter/json_api/has_one_test.rb +0 -82
- data/test/adapter/json_api/include_data_if_sideloaded_test.rb +0 -215
- data/test/adapter/json_api/json_api_test.rb +0 -35
- data/test/adapter/json_api/linked_test.rb +0 -415
- data/test/adapter/json_api/links_test.rb +0 -112
- data/test/adapter/json_api/pagination_links_test.rb +0 -208
- data/test/adapter/json_api/parse_test.rb +0 -139
- data/test/adapter/json_api/relationship_test.rb +0 -399
- data/test/adapter/json_api/resource_meta_test.rb +0 -102
- data/test/adapter/json_api/toplevel_jsonapi_test.rb +0 -84
- data/test/adapter/json_api/transform_test.rb +0 -514
- data/test/adapter/json_api/type_test.rb +0 -195
- data/test/adapter/json_test.rb +0 -48
- data/test/adapter/null_test.rb +0 -24
- data/test/adapter/polymorphic_test.rb +0 -220
- data/test/adapter_test.rb +0 -69
- data/test/array_serializer_test.rb +0 -24
- data/test/benchmark/app.rb +0 -67
- data/test/benchmark/benchmarking_support.rb +0 -69
- data/test/benchmark/bm_active_record.rb +0 -83
- data/test/benchmark/bm_adapter.rb +0 -40
- data/test/benchmark/bm_caching.rb +0 -121
- data/test/benchmark/bm_lookup_chain.rb +0 -85
- data/test/benchmark/bm_transform.rb +0 -47
- data/test/benchmark/config.ru +0 -3
- data/test/benchmark/controllers.rb +0 -85
- data/test/benchmark/fixtures.rb +0 -221
- data/test/cache_test.rb +0 -717
- data/test/collection_serializer_test.rb +0 -129
- data/test/fixtures/active_record.rb +0 -115
- data/test/fixtures/poro.rb +0 -227
- data/test/generators/scaffold_controller_generator_test.rb +0 -26
- data/test/generators/serializer_generator_test.rb +0 -77
- data/test/grape_test.rb +0 -198
- data/test/lint_test.rb +0 -51
- data/test/logger_test.rb +0 -22
- data/test/poro_test.rb +0 -11
- data/test/serializable_resource_test.rb +0 -81
- data/test/serializers/association_macros_test.rb +0 -39
- data/test/serializers/associations_test.rb +0 -520
- data/test/serializers/attribute_test.rb +0 -155
- data/test/serializers/attributes_test.rb +0 -54
- data/test/serializers/caching_configuration_test_isolated.rb +0 -172
- data/test/serializers/configuration_test.rb +0 -34
- data/test/serializers/fieldset_test.rb +0 -16
- data/test/serializers/meta_test.rb +0 -204
- data/test/serializers/options_test.rb +0 -34
- data/test/serializers/read_attribute_for_serialization_test.rb +0 -81
- data/test/serializers/reflection_test.rb +0 -481
- data/test/serializers/root_test.rb +0 -23
- data/test/serializers/serialization_test.rb +0 -57
- data/test/serializers/serializer_for_test.rb +0 -138
- data/test/serializers/serializer_for_with_namespace_test.rb +0 -90
- data/test/support/custom_schemas/active_model_serializers/test/schema_test/my/index.json +0 -6
- data/test/support/isolated_unit.rb +0 -86
- data/test/support/rails5_shims.rb +0 -55
- data/test/support/rails_app.rb +0 -40
- data/test/support/schemas/active_model_serializers/test/schema_test/my/index.json +0 -6
- data/test/support/schemas/active_model_serializers/test/schema_test/my/show.json +0 -6
- data/test/support/schemas/custom/show.json +0 -7
- data/test/support/schemas/hyper_schema.json +0 -93
- data/test/support/schemas/render_using_json_api.json +0 -43
- data/test/support/schemas/simple_json_pointers.json +0 -10
- data/test/support/serialization_testing.rb +0 -81
- data/test/test_helper.rb +0 -72
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[Back to Guides](../README.md)
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# Instrumentation
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ActiveModelSerializers uses the
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[ActiveSupport::Notification API](http://guides.rubyonrails.org/active_support_instrumentation.html#subscribing-to-an-event),
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which allows for subscribing to events, such as for logging.
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## Events
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Name:
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`render.active_model_serializers`
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Payload (example):
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```ruby
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{
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serializer: PostSerializer,
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adapter: ActiveModelSerializers::Adapter::Attributes
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}
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```
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Subscribing:
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```ruby
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ActiveSupport::Notifications.subscribe 'render.active_model_serializers' do |name, started, finished, unique_id, data|
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# whatever
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end
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ActiveSupport::Notifications.subscribe 'render.active_model_serializers' do |*args|
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event = ActiveSupport::Notifications::Event.new(*args)
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# event.payload
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# whatever
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end
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```
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## [LogSubscriber](http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActiveSupport/LogSubscriber.html)
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ActiveModelSerializers includes an `ActiveModelSerializers::LogSubscriber` that attaches to
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`render.active_model_serializers`.
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[Back to Guides](../README.md)
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# Key Transforms
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Key Transforms modify the casing of keys and keys referenced in values in
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serialized responses.
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Provided key transforms:
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| Option | Result |
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|----|----|
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| `:camel` | ExampleKey |
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| `:camel_lower` | exampleKey |
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| `:dash` | example-key |
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| `:unaltered` | the original, unaltered key |
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| `:underscore` | example_key |
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| `nil` | use the adapter default |
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##### Adapter option
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`key_transform` is provided as an option via render.
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```render json: posts, each_serializer: PostSerializer, key_transform: :camel_lower```
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##### Configuration option
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`key_transform` is set in `ActiveModelSerializers.config.key_transform`.
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```ActiveModelSerializers.config.key_transform = :camel_lower```
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##### Adapter default
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|----|----|
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| `Json` | `:unaltered` |
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| `JsonApi` | `:dash` |
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[Back to Guides](../README.md)
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# Logging
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`ActiveSupport::TaggedLogging` logging to STDOUT.
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You may customize the logger in an initializer, for example:
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ActiveModelSerializers.logger = Logger.new(STDOUT)
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```
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require 'active_model_serializers'
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```
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# Rendering
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### Implicit Serializer
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```ruby
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class PostsController < ApplicationController
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render json: @post
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end
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```
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In this case, Rails will look for a serializer named `PostSerializer`, and if
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it exists, use it to serialize the `Post`.
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### Explicit Serializer
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#### 1. For a resource:
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render json: @post, serializer: PostPreviewSerializer
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```
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#### 2. For a resource collection:
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Specify the serializer for each resource with `each_serializer`
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```ruby
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render json: @posts, each_serializer: PostPreviewSerializer
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```
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The default serializer for collections is `CollectionSerializer`.
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Specify the collection serializer with the `serializer` option.
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```ruby
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render json: @posts, serializer: CollectionSerializer, each_serializer: PostPreviewSerializer
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```
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## Serializing non-ActiveRecord objects
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See [README](../../README.md#what-does-a-serializable-resource-look-like)
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## SerializableResource options
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See [README](../../README.md#activemodelserializersserializableresource)
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### adapter_opts
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#### fields
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If you are using `json` or `attributes` adapter
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```ruby
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render json: @user, fields: [:access_token]
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```
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See [Fields](fields.md) for more information.
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#### adapter
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This option lets you explicitly set the adapter to be used by passing a registered adapter. Your options are `:attributes`, `:json`, and `:json_api`.
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```
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ActiveModel::Serializer.config.adapter = :json_api
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```
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#### key_transform
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```render json: posts, each_serializer: PostSerializer, key_transform: :camel_lower```
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See [Key Transforms](key_transforms.md) for more information.
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#### meta
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A `meta` member can be used to include non-standard meta-information. `meta` can
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be utilized in several levels in a response.
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##### Top-level
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To set top-level `meta` in a response, specify it in the `render` call.
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```ruby
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render json: @post, meta: { total: 10 }
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```
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The key can be customized using `meta_key` option.
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```ruby
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render json: @post, meta: { total: 10 }, meta_key: "custom_meta"
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```
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`meta` will only be included in your response if you are using an Adapter that
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supports `root`, e.g., `JsonApi` and `Json` adapters. The default adapter,
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`Attributes` does not have `root`.
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##### Resource-level
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of the following methods:
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As a single, static string.
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```ruby
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meta stuff: 'value'
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```
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As a block containing a Hash.
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```ruby
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meta do
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{
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rating: 4,
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comments_count: object.comments.count
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}
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end
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```
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#### links
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If you wish to use Rails url helpers for link generation, e.g., `link(:resources) { resources_url }`, ensure your application sets
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`Rails.application.routes.default_url_options`.
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##### Top-level
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JsonApi supports a [links object](http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-links) to be specified at top-level, that you can specify in the `render`:
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```ruby
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links_object = {
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href: "http://example.com/api/posts",
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meta: {
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count: 10
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}
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}
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render json: @posts, links: links_object
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```
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That's the result:
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```json
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{
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"data": [
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{
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"type": "posts",
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"id": "1",
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"title": "JSON API is awesome!",
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"body": "You should be using JSON API",
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"links": {
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This feature is specific to JsonApi, so you have to use the use the [JsonApi Adapter](adapters.md#jsonapi)
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##### Resource-level
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In your serializer, define each link in one of the following methods:
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As a static string
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Ensure your application sets `Rails.application.routes.default_url_options`.
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link :link_name_ do
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"https://example.com/resource/#{object.id}"
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end
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link(:link_name) { "https://example.com/resource/#{object.id}" }
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link(:link_name) { resource_url(object) }
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### serializer_opts
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#### include
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See [Adapters: Include Option](/docs/general/adapters.md#include-option).
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#### Overriding the root key
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Overriding the resource root only applies when using the JSON adapter.
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Normally, the resource root is derived from the class name of the resource being serialized.
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e.g. `UserPostSerializer.new(UserPost.new)` will be serialized with the root `user_post` or `user_posts` according the adapter collection pluralization rules.
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When using the JSON adapter in your initializer (ActiveModelSerializers.config.adapter = :json), or passing in the adapter in your render call, you can specify the root by passing it as an argument to `render`. For example:
|
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|
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```ruby
|
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render json: @user_post, root: "admin_post", adapter: :json
|
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```
|
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This will be rendered as:
|
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```json
|
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{
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"admin_post": {
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"title": "how to do open source"
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}
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}
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```
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Note: the `Attributes` adapter (default) does not include a resource root. You also will not be able to create a single top-level root if you are using the :json_api adapter.
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#### namespace
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The namespace for serializer lookup is based on the controller.
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|
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To configure the implicit namespace, in your controller, create a before filter
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```ruby
|
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before_action do
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self.namespace_for_serializer = Api::V2
|
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end
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```
|
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`namespace` can also be passed in as a render option:
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```ruby
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@post = Post.first
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render json: @post, namespace: Api::V2
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```
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This tells the serializer lookup to check for the existence of `Api::V2::PostSerializer`, and if any relations are rendered with `@post`, they will also utilize the `Api::V2` namespace.
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The `namespace` can be any object whose namespace can be represented by string interpolation (i.e. by calling to_s)
|
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- Module `Api::V2`
|
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- String `'Api::V2'`
|
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- Symbol `:'Api::V2'`
|
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Note that by using a string and symbol, Ruby will assume the namespace is defined at the top level.
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|
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#### serializer
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|
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Specify which serializer to use if you want to use a serializer other than the default.
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For a single resource:
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```ruby
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@post = Post.first
|
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render json: @post, serializer: SpecialPostSerializer
|
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```
|
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|
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To specify which serializer to use on individual items in a collection (i.e., an `index` action), use `each_serializer`:
|
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|
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```ruby
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@posts = Post.all
|
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render json: @posts, each_serializer: SpecialPostSerializer
|
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```
|
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|
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|
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#### scope
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|
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See [Serializers: Scope](/docs/general/serializers.md#scope).
|
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|
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#### scope_name
|
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|
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See [Serializers: Scope](/docs/general/serializers.md#scope).
|
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|
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## Using a serializer without `render`
|
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|
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See [Usage outside of a controller](../howto/outside_controller_use.md#serializing-before-controller-render).
|
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|
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## Pagination
|
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|
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See [How to add pagination links](../howto/add_pagination_links.md).
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data/docs/general/serializers.md
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[Back to Guides](../README.md)
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# Serializers
|
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Given a serializer class:
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|
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```ruby
|
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class SomeSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
9
|
-
end
|
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```
|
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|
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|
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The following methods may be defined in it:
|
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|
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### Attributes
|
15
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|
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#### ::attributes
|
17
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-
|
18
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Serialization of the resource `title` and `body`
|
19
|
-
|
20
|
-
| In Serializer | #attributes |
|
21
|
-
|---------------------------- |-------------|
|
22
|
-
| `attributes :title, :body` | `{ title: 'Some Title', body: 'Some Body' }`
|
23
|
-
| `attributes :title, :body`<br>`def body "Special #{object.body}" end` | `{ title: 'Some Title', body: 'Special Some Body' }`
|
24
|
-
|
25
|
-
|
26
|
-
#### ::attribute
|
27
|
-
|
28
|
-
Serialization of the resource `title`
|
29
|
-
|
30
|
-
| In Serializer | #attributes |
|
31
|
-
|---------------------------- |-------------|
|
32
|
-
| `attribute :title` | `{ title: 'Some Title' } `
|
33
|
-
| `attribute :title, key: :name` | `{ name: 'Some Title' } `
|
34
|
-
| `attribute(:title) { 'A Different Title'}` | `{ title: 'A Different Title' } `
|
35
|
-
| `attribute :title`<br>`def title 'A Different Title' end` | `{ title: 'A Different Title' }`
|
36
|
-
|
37
|
-
An `if` or `unless` option can make an attribute conditional. It takes a symbol of a method name on the serializer, or a lambda literal.
|
38
|
-
|
39
|
-
e.g.
|
40
|
-
|
41
|
-
```ruby
|
42
|
-
attribute :private_data, if: :is_current_user?
|
43
|
-
attribute :another_private_data, if: -> { scope.admin? }
|
44
|
-
|
45
|
-
def is_current_user?
|
46
|
-
object.id == current_user.id
|
47
|
-
end
|
48
|
-
```
|
49
|
-
|
50
|
-
### Associations
|
51
|
-
|
52
|
-
The interface for associations is, generically:
|
53
|
-
|
54
|
-
> `association_type(association_name, options, &block)`
|
55
|
-
|
56
|
-
Where:
|
57
|
-
|
58
|
-
- `association_type` may be `has_one`, `has_many`, `belongs_to`.
|
59
|
-
- `association_name` is a method name the serializer calls.
|
60
|
-
- optional: `options` may be:
|
61
|
-
- `key:` The name used for the serialized association.
|
62
|
-
- `serializer:`
|
63
|
-
- `if:`
|
64
|
-
- `unless:`
|
65
|
-
- `virtual_value:`
|
66
|
-
- `polymorphic:` defines if polymorphic relation type should be nested in serialized association.
|
67
|
-
- `type:` the resource type as used by JSON:API, especially on a `belongs_to` relationship.
|
68
|
-
- `class_name:` the (String) model name used to determine `type`, when `type` is not given. e.g. `class_name: "Comment"` would imply the type `comments`
|
69
|
-
- `foreign_key:` used by JSON:API on a `belongs_to` relationship to avoid unnecessarily loading the association object.
|
70
|
-
- `namespace:` used when looking up the serializer and `serializer` is not given. Falls back to the parent serializer's `:namespace` instance options, which, when present, comes from the render options. See [Rendering#namespace](rendering.md#namespace] for more details.
|
71
|
-
- optional: `&block` is a context that returns the association's attributes.
|
72
|
-
- prevents `association_name` method from being called.
|
73
|
-
- return value of block is used as the association value.
|
74
|
-
- yields the `serializer` to the block.
|
75
|
-
- `include_data false` prevents the `data` key from being rendered in the JSON API relationship.
|
76
|
-
|
77
|
-
#### ::has_one
|
78
|
-
|
79
|
-
e.g.
|
80
|
-
|
81
|
-
```ruby
|
82
|
-
has_one :bio
|
83
|
-
has_one :blog, key: :site
|
84
|
-
has_one :blog, class_name: "Blog"
|
85
|
-
has_one :maker, virtual_value: { id: 1 }
|
86
|
-
|
87
|
-
has_one :blog do |serializer|
|
88
|
-
serializer.cached_blog
|
89
|
-
end
|
90
|
-
|
91
|
-
def cached_blog
|
92
|
-
cache_store.fetch("cached_blog:#{object.updated_at}") do
|
93
|
-
Blog.find(object.blog_id)
|
94
|
-
end
|
95
|
-
end
|
96
|
-
```
|
97
|
-
|
98
|
-
```ruby
|
99
|
-
has_one :blog, if: :show_blog?
|
100
|
-
# you can also use a string or lambda
|
101
|
-
# has_one :blog, if: 'scope.admin?'
|
102
|
-
# has_one :blog, if: -> (serializer) { serializer.scope.admin? }
|
103
|
-
# has_one :blog, if: -> { scope.admin? }
|
104
|
-
|
105
|
-
def show_blog?
|
106
|
-
scope.admin?
|
107
|
-
end
|
108
|
-
```
|
109
|
-
|
110
|
-
#### ::has_many
|
111
|
-
|
112
|
-
e.g.
|
113
|
-
|
114
|
-
```ruby
|
115
|
-
has_many :comments
|
116
|
-
has_many :comments, key: :reviews
|
117
|
-
has_many :comments, serializer: CommentPreviewSerializer
|
118
|
-
has_many :comments, class_name: "Comment"
|
119
|
-
has_many :reviews, virtual_value: [{ id: 1 }, { id: 2 }]
|
120
|
-
has_many :comments, key: :last_comments do
|
121
|
-
last(1)
|
122
|
-
end
|
123
|
-
```
|
124
|
-
|
125
|
-
#### ::belongs_to
|
126
|
-
|
127
|
-
e.g.
|
128
|
-
|
129
|
-
```ruby
|
130
|
-
belongs_to :author, serializer: AuthorPreviewSerializer
|
131
|
-
belongs_to :author, key: :writer
|
132
|
-
belongs_to :author, class_name: "Author"
|
133
|
-
belongs_to :post
|
134
|
-
belongs_to :blog
|
135
|
-
def blog
|
136
|
-
Blog.new(id: 999, name: 'Custom blog')
|
137
|
-
end
|
138
|
-
```
|
139
|
-
|
140
|
-
### Polymorphic Relationships
|
141
|
-
|
142
|
-
Polymorphic relationships are serialized by specifying the relationship, like any other association. For example:
|
143
|
-
|
144
|
-
```ruby
|
145
|
-
class PictureSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
146
|
-
has_one :imageable
|
147
|
-
end
|
148
|
-
```
|
149
|
-
|
150
|
-
You can specify the serializers by [overriding serializer_for](serializers.md#overriding-association-serializer-lookup). For more context about polymorphic relationships, see the [tests](../../test/adapter/polymorphic_test.rb) for each adapter.
|
151
|
-
|
152
|
-
### Caching
|
153
|
-
|
154
|
-
#### ::cache
|
155
|
-
|
156
|
-
e.g.
|
157
|
-
|
158
|
-
```ruby
|
159
|
-
cache key: 'post', expires_in: 0.1, skip_digest: true
|
160
|
-
cache expires_in: 1.day, skip_digest: true
|
161
|
-
cache key: 'writer', skip_digest: true
|
162
|
-
cache only: [:name], skip_digest: true
|
163
|
-
cache except: [:content], skip_digest: true
|
164
|
-
cache key: 'blog'
|
165
|
-
cache only: [:id]
|
166
|
-
```
|
167
|
-
|
168
|
-
#### #cache_key
|
169
|
-
|
170
|
-
e.g.
|
171
|
-
|
172
|
-
```ruby
|
173
|
-
# Uses a custom non-time-based cache key
|
174
|
-
def cache_key
|
175
|
-
"#{self.class.name.downcase}/#{self.id}"
|
176
|
-
end
|
177
|
-
```
|
178
|
-
|
179
|
-
### Other
|
180
|
-
|
181
|
-
#### ::type
|
182
|
-
|
183
|
-
When using the `:json_api` adapter, the `::type` method defines the JSONAPI [type](http://jsonapi.org/format/#document-resource-object-identification) that will be rendered for this serializer.
|
184
|
-
|
185
|
-
When using the `:json` adapter, the `::type` method defines the name of the root element.
|
186
|
-
|
187
|
-
It either takes a `String` or `Symbol` as parameter.
|
188
|
-
|
189
|
-
Note: This method is useful only when using the `:json_api` or `:json` adapter.
|
190
|
-
|
191
|
-
Examples:
|
192
|
-
```ruby
|
193
|
-
class UserProfileSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
194
|
-
type 'profile'
|
195
|
-
|
196
|
-
attribute :name
|
197
|
-
end
|
198
|
-
class AuthorProfileSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
199
|
-
type :profile
|
200
|
-
|
201
|
-
attribute :name
|
202
|
-
end
|
203
|
-
```
|
204
|
-
|
205
|
-
With the `:json_api` adapter, the previous serializers would be rendered as:
|
206
|
-
|
207
|
-
``` json
|
208
|
-
{
|
209
|
-
"data": {
|
210
|
-
"id": "1",
|
211
|
-
"type": "profile",
|
212
|
-
"attributes": {
|
213
|
-
"name": "Julia"
|
214
|
-
}
|
215
|
-
}
|
216
|
-
}
|
217
|
-
```
|
218
|
-
|
219
|
-
With the `:json` adapter, the previous serializer would be rendered as:
|
220
|
-
|
221
|
-
``` json
|
222
|
-
{
|
223
|
-
"profile": {
|
224
|
-
"name": "Julia"
|
225
|
-
}
|
226
|
-
}
|
227
|
-
```
|
228
|
-
|
229
|
-
#### ::link
|
230
|
-
|
231
|
-
```ruby
|
232
|
-
link :self do
|
233
|
-
href "https://example.com/link_author/#{object.id}"
|
234
|
-
end
|
235
|
-
link(:author) { link_author_url(object) }
|
236
|
-
link(:link_authors) { link_authors_url }
|
237
|
-
link :other, 'https://example.com/resource'
|
238
|
-
link(:posts) { link_author_posts_url(object) }
|
239
|
-
```
|
240
|
-
|
241
|
-
Just like attributes, links also support conditions in options
|
242
|
-
```ruby
|
243
|
-
link(:secret, if: :internal?) { object.secret_link }
|
244
|
-
|
245
|
-
def internal?
|
246
|
-
instance_options[:context] == :internal
|
247
|
-
end
|
248
|
-
```
|
249
|
-
|
250
|
-
#### #object
|
251
|
-
|
252
|
-
The object being serialized.
|
253
|
-
|
254
|
-
#### #root
|
255
|
-
|
256
|
-
Resource root which is included in `JSON` adapter. As you can see at [Adapters Document](adapters.md), `Attribute` adapter (default) and `JSON API` adapter does not include root at top level.
|
257
|
-
By default, the resource root comes from the `model_name` of the serialized object's class.
|
258
|
-
|
259
|
-
There are several ways to specify root:
|
260
|
-
* [Overriding the root key](rendering.md#overriding-the-root-key)
|
261
|
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* [Setting `type`](serializers.md#type)
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* Specifying the `root` option, e.g. `root: 'specific_name'`, during the serializer's initialization:
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```ruby
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ActiveModelSerializers::SerializableResource.new(foo, root: 'bar')
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```
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#### #scope
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Allows you to include in the serializer access to an external method.
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It's intended to provide an authorization context to the serializer, so that
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you may e.g. show an admin all comments on a post, else only published comments.
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- `scope` is a method on the serializer instance that comes from `options[:scope]`. It may be nil.
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- `scope_name` is an option passed to the new serializer (`options[:scope_name]`). The serializer
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defines a method with that name that calls the `scope`, e.g. `def current_user; scope; end`.
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Note: it does not define the method if the serializer instance responds to it.
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That's a lot of words, so here's some examples:
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First, let's assume the serializer is instantiated in the controller, since that's the usual scenario.
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We'll refer to the serialization context as `controller`.
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| options | `Serializer#scope` | method definition |
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|-------- | ------------------|--------------------|
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| `scope: current_user, scope_name: :current_user` | `current_user` | `Serializer#current_user` calls `controller.current_user`
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| `scope: view_context, scope_name: :view_context` | `view_context` | `Serializer#view_context` calls `controller.view_context`
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We can take advantage of the scope to customize the objects returned based
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on the current user (scope).
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For example, we can limit the posts the current user sees to those they created:
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```ruby
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class PostSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
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attributes :id, :title, :body
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# scope comments to those created_by the current user
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has_many :comments do
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object.comments.where(created_by: current_user)
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end
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end
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```
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Whether you write the method as above or as `object.comments.where(created_by: scope)`
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is a matter of preference (assuming `scope_name` has been set).
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Keep in mind that the scope can be set to any available controller reference. This can be utilized to provide access to any other data scopes or presentation helpers.
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##### Controller Authorization Context
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In the controller, the scope/scope_name options are equal to
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the [`serialization_scope`method](https://github.com/rails-api/active_model_serializers/blob/d02cd30fe55a3ea85e1d351b6e039620903c1871/lib/action_controller/serialization.rb#L13-L20),
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which is `:current_user`, by default.
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Specifically, the `scope_name` is defaulted to `:current_user`, and may be set as
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`serialization_scope :view_context`. The `scope` is set to `send(scope_name)` when `scope_name` is
|
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present and the controller responds to `scope_name`.
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Thus, in a serializer, the controller provides `current_user` as the
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current authorization scope when you call `render :json`.
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**IMPORTANT**: Since the scope is set at render, you may want to customize it so that `current_user` isn't
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called on every request. This was [also a problem](https://github.com/rails-api/active_model_serializers/pull/1252#issuecomment-159810477)
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in [`0.9`](https://github.com/rails-api/active_model_serializers/tree/0-9-stable#customizing-scope).
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We can change the scope from `current_user` to `view_context`, which is included in subclasses of `ActionController::Base`.
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```diff
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class SomeController < ActionController::Base
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+ serialization_scope :view_context
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def current_user
|
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User.new(id: 2, name: 'Bob', admin: true)
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end
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def edit
|
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user = User.new(id: 1, name: 'Pete')
|
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render json: user, serializer: AdminUserSerializer, adapter: :json_api
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end
|
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end
|
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```
|
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|
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|
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We could then use the controller method `view_context` in our serializer, like so:
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-
|
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|
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```diff
|
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class AdminUserSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
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|
-
attributes :id, :name, :can_edit
|
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|
-
|
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|
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def can_edit?
|
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|
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+ view_context.current_user.admin?
|
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|
-
end
|
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|
-
end
|
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|
-
```
|
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|
-
|
357
|
-
So that when we render the `#edit` action, we'll get
|
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|
-
|
359
|
-
```json
|
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|
-
{"data":{"id":"1","type":"users","attributes":{"name":"Pete","can_edit":true}}}
|
361
|
-
```
|
362
|
-
|
363
|
-
Where `can_edit` is `view_context.current_user.admin?` (true).
|
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|
-
|
365
|
-
You can also tell what to set as `serialization_scope` for specific actions.
|
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|
-
|
367
|
-
For example, use `admin_user` only for `Admin::PostSerializer` and `current_user` for rest.
|
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|
-
|
369
|
-
```ruby
|
370
|
-
class PostsController < ActionController::Base
|
371
|
-
|
372
|
-
before_action only: :edit do
|
373
|
-
self.class.serialization_scope :admin_user
|
374
|
-
end
|
375
|
-
|
376
|
-
def show
|
377
|
-
render json: @post, serializer: PostSerializer
|
378
|
-
end
|
379
|
-
|
380
|
-
def edit
|
381
|
-
@post.save
|
382
|
-
render json: @post, serializer: Admin::PostSerializer
|
383
|
-
end
|
384
|
-
|
385
|
-
private
|
386
|
-
|
387
|
-
def admin_user
|
388
|
-
User.new(id: 2, name: 'Bob', admin: true)
|
389
|
-
end
|
390
|
-
|
391
|
-
def current_user
|
392
|
-
User.new(id: 2, name: 'Bob', admin: false)
|
393
|
-
end
|
394
|
-
end
|
395
|
-
```
|
396
|
-
Note that any controller reference which provides the desired scope is acceptable, such as another controller method for loading a different resource or reference to helpers. For example, `ActionController::API` does not include `ActionView::ViewContext`, and would need a different reference for passing any helpers into a serializer via `serialization_scope`.
|
397
|
-
|
398
|
-
#### #read_attribute_for_serialization(key)
|
399
|
-
|
400
|
-
The serialized value for a given key. e.g. `read_attribute_for_serialization(:title) #=> 'Hello World'`
|
401
|
-
|
402
|
-
#### #links
|
403
|
-
|
404
|
-
Allows you to modify the `links` node. By default, this node will be populated with the attributes set using the [::link](#link) method. Using `links: nil` will remove the `links` node.
|
405
|
-
|
406
|
-
```ruby
|
407
|
-
ActiveModelSerializers::SerializableResource.new(
|
408
|
-
@post,
|
409
|
-
adapter: :json_api,
|
410
|
-
links: {
|
411
|
-
self: {
|
412
|
-
href: 'http://example.com/posts',
|
413
|
-
meta: {
|
414
|
-
stuff: 'value'
|
415
|
-
}
|
416
|
-
}
|
417
|
-
}
|
418
|
-
)
|
419
|
-
```
|
420
|
-
|
421
|
-
#### #json_key
|
422
|
-
|
423
|
-
Returns the key used by the adapter as the resource root. See [root](#root) for more information.
|
424
|
-
|
425
|
-
## Examples
|
426
|
-
|
427
|
-
Given two models, a `Post(title: string, body: text)` and a
|
428
|
-
`Comment(name: string, body: text, post_id: integer)`, you will have two
|
429
|
-
serializers:
|
430
|
-
|
431
|
-
```ruby
|
432
|
-
class PostSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
433
|
-
cache key: 'posts', expires_in: 3.hours
|
434
|
-
attributes :title, :body
|
435
|
-
|
436
|
-
has_many :comments
|
437
|
-
end
|
438
|
-
```
|
439
|
-
|
440
|
-
and
|
441
|
-
|
442
|
-
```ruby
|
443
|
-
class CommentSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
444
|
-
attributes :name, :body
|
445
|
-
|
446
|
-
belongs_to :post
|
447
|
-
end
|
448
|
-
```
|
449
|
-
|
450
|
-
Generally speaking, you, as a user of ActiveModelSerializers, will write (or generate) these
|
451
|
-
serializer classes.
|
452
|
-
|
453
|
-
## More Info
|
454
|
-
|
455
|
-
For more information, see [the Serializer class on GitHub](https://github.com/rails-api/active_model_serializers/blob/master/lib/active_model/serializer.rb)
|
456
|
-
|
457
|
-
## Overriding association methods
|
458
|
-
|
459
|
-
To override an association, call `has_many`, `has_one` or `belongs_to` with a block:
|
460
|
-
|
461
|
-
```ruby
|
462
|
-
class PostSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
463
|
-
has_many :comments do
|
464
|
-
object.comments.active
|
465
|
-
end
|
466
|
-
end
|
467
|
-
```
|
468
|
-
|
469
|
-
## Overriding attribute methods
|
470
|
-
|
471
|
-
To override an attribute, call `attribute` with a block:
|
472
|
-
|
473
|
-
```ruby
|
474
|
-
class PostSerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
475
|
-
attribute :body do
|
476
|
-
object.body.downcase
|
477
|
-
end
|
478
|
-
end
|
479
|
-
```
|
480
|
-
|
481
|
-
## Overriding association serializer lookup
|
482
|
-
|
483
|
-
If you want to define a specific serializer lookup for your associations, you can override
|
484
|
-
the `ActiveModel::Serializer.serializer_for` method to return a serializer class based on defined conditions.
|
485
|
-
|
486
|
-
```ruby
|
487
|
-
class MySerializer < ActiveModel::Serializer
|
488
|
-
def self.serializer_for(model, options)
|
489
|
-
return SparseAdminSerializer if model.class.name == 'Admin'
|
490
|
-
super
|
491
|
-
end
|
492
|
-
|
493
|
-
# the rest of the serializer
|
494
|
-
end
|
495
|
-
```
|