snappy 3.1.1__cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl → 3.2__cp312-cp312-win_amd64.whl

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Files changed (471) hide show
  1. snappy/CyOpenGL.cp312-win_amd64.pyd +0 -0
  2. snappy/SnapPy.cp312-win_amd64.pyd +0 -0
  3. snappy/SnapPyHP.cp312-win_amd64.pyd +0 -0
  4. snappy/__init__.py +271 -401
  5. snappy/app.py +70 -20
  6. snappy/browser.py +18 -17
  7. snappy/canonical.py +249 -0
  8. snappy/{verify/cusp_shapes.py → cusps/__init__.py} +8 -18
  9. snappy/cusps/cusp_area_matrix.py +101 -0
  10. snappy/{verify/cusp_areas.py → cusps/cusp_areas_from_matrix.py} +23 -39
  11. snappy/cusps/maximal_cusp_area_matrix.py +136 -0
  12. snappy/cusps/test.py +21 -0
  13. snappy/cusps/trig_cusp_area_matrix.py +63 -0
  14. snappy/database.py +10 -9
  15. snappy/decorated_isosig.py +337 -114
  16. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/complexVolumesClosed.py +40 -7
  17. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/extended.py +3 -3
  18. snappy/dev/extended_ptolemy/phc_wrapper.py +10 -10
  19. snappy/dev/vericlosed/oneVertexTruncatedComplex.py +1 -1
  20. snappy/doc/_images/m004_paper_plane_on_systole.jpg +0 -0
  21. snappy/doc/_images/m125_paper_plane.jpg +0 -0
  22. snappy/doc/_images/o9_00000_systole_paper_plane.jpg +0 -0
  23. snappy/doc/_images/o9_00000_systole_paper_plane_closer.jpg +0 -0
  24. snappy/doc/_sources/additional_classes.rst.txt +40 -40
  25. snappy/doc/_sources/bugs.rst.txt +14 -14
  26. snappy/doc/_sources/censuses.rst.txt +51 -51
  27. snappy/doc/_sources/credits.rst.txt +75 -75
  28. snappy/doc/_sources/development.rst.txt +259 -239
  29. snappy/doc/_sources/index.rst.txt +182 -115
  30. snappy/doc/_sources/installing.rst.txt +247 -264
  31. snappy/doc/_sources/manifold.rst.txt +6 -6
  32. snappy/doc/_sources/manifoldhp.rst.txt +46 -46
  33. snappy/doc/_sources/news.rst.txt +355 -283
  34. snappy/doc/_sources/other.rst.txt +25 -25
  35. snappy/doc/_sources/platonic_census.rst.txt +20 -20
  36. snappy/doc/_sources/plink.rst.txt +102 -102
  37. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy.rst.txt +66 -66
  38. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_classes.rst.txt +42 -42
  39. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples1.rst.txt +298 -297
  40. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples2.rst.txt +363 -363
  41. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples3.rst.txt +301 -301
  42. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_examples4.rst.txt +61 -61
  43. snappy/doc/_sources/ptolemy_prelim.rst.txt +105 -105
  44. snappy/doc/_sources/screenshots.rst.txt +21 -21
  45. snappy/doc/_sources/snap.rst.txt +87 -87
  46. snappy/doc/_sources/snappy.rst.txt +28 -28
  47. snappy/doc/_sources/spherogram.rst.txt +103 -103
  48. snappy/doc/_sources/todo.rst.txt +47 -47
  49. snappy/doc/_sources/triangulation.rst.txt +11 -11
  50. snappy/doc/_sources/tutorial.rst.txt +49 -49
  51. snappy/doc/_sources/verify.rst.txt +210 -150
  52. snappy/doc/_sources/verify_internals.rst.txt +79 -90
  53. snappy/doc/_static/basic.css +924 -924
  54. snappy/doc/_static/css/badge_only.css +1 -1
  55. snappy/doc/_static/css/theme.css +1 -1
  56. snappy/doc/_static/doctools.js +1 -1
  57. snappy/doc/_static/documentation_options.js +12 -12
  58. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-bold.eot +0 -0
  59. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-bold.ttf +0 -0
  60. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-bold.woff +0 -0
  61. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-bold.woff2 +0 -0
  62. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-bolditalic.eot +0 -0
  63. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-bolditalic.ttf +0 -0
  64. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-bolditalic.woff +0 -0
  65. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-bolditalic.woff2 +0 -0
  66. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-italic.eot +0 -0
  67. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-italic.ttf +0 -0
  68. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-italic.woff +0 -0
  69. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-italic.woff2 +0 -0
  70. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-regular.eot +0 -0
  71. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-regular.ttf +0 -0
  72. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-regular.woff +0 -0
  73. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/Lato/lato-regular.woff2 +0 -0
  74. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/RobotoSlab/roboto-slab-v7-bold.eot +0 -0
  75. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/RobotoSlab/roboto-slab-v7-bold.ttf +0 -0
  76. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/RobotoSlab/roboto-slab-v7-bold.woff +0 -0
  77. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/RobotoSlab/roboto-slab-v7-bold.woff2 +0 -0
  78. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/RobotoSlab/roboto-slab-v7-regular.eot +0 -0
  79. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/RobotoSlab/roboto-slab-v7-regular.ttf +0 -0
  80. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/RobotoSlab/roboto-slab-v7-regular.woff +0 -0
  81. snappy/doc/_static/fonts/RobotoSlab/roboto-slab-v7-regular.woff2 +0 -0
  82. snappy/doc/_static/js/versions.js +228 -0
  83. snappy/doc/_static/language_data.js +199 -199
  84. snappy/doc/_static/pygments.css +74 -74
  85. snappy/doc/_static/searchtools.js +108 -62
  86. snappy/doc/_static/snappy_furo.css +33 -33
  87. snappy/doc/_static/snappy_sphinx_rtd_theme.css +42 -42
  88. snappy/doc/additional_classes.html +1499 -1330
  89. snappy/doc/bugs.html +131 -134
  90. snappy/doc/censuses.html +426 -445
  91. snappy/doc/credits.html +180 -183
  92. snappy/doc/development.html +383 -363
  93. snappy/doc/genindex.html +1330 -1409
  94. snappy/doc/index.html +261 -206
  95. snappy/doc/installing.html +345 -363
  96. snappy/doc/manifold.html +3451 -2839
  97. snappy/doc/manifoldhp.html +179 -182
  98. snappy/doc/news.html +387 -329
  99. snappy/doc/objects.inv +0 -0
  100. snappy/doc/other.html +160 -162
  101. snappy/doc/platonic_census.html +374 -377
  102. snappy/doc/plink.html +209 -212
  103. snappy/doc/ptolemy.html +253 -255
  104. snappy/doc/ptolemy_classes.html +1143 -1146
  105. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples1.html +408 -410
  106. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples2.html +470 -473
  107. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples3.html +413 -416
  108. snappy/doc/ptolemy_examples4.html +194 -197
  109. snappy/doc/ptolemy_prelim.html +247 -250
  110. snappy/doc/py-modindex.html +164 -167
  111. snappy/doc/screenshots.html +140 -142
  112. snappy/doc/search.html +134 -137
  113. snappy/doc/searchindex.js +1 -1
  114. snappy/doc/snap.html +201 -204
  115. snappy/doc/snappy.html +180 -182
  116. snappy/doc/spherogram.html +1210 -1213
  117. snappy/doc/todo.html +165 -168
  118. snappy/doc/triangulation.html +1583 -1474
  119. snappy/doc/tutorial.html +158 -161
  120. snappy/doc/verify.html +329 -275
  121. snappy/doc/verify_internals.html +1234 -1691
  122. snappy/drilling/__init__.py +153 -235
  123. snappy/drilling/barycentric.py +103 -0
  124. snappy/drilling/constants.py +0 -2
  125. snappy/drilling/crush.py +56 -130
  126. snappy/drilling/cusps.py +12 -6
  127. snappy/drilling/debug.py +2 -1
  128. snappy/drilling/exceptions.py +7 -40
  129. snappy/drilling/moves.py +302 -243
  130. snappy/drilling/perturb.py +63 -37
  131. snappy/drilling/shorten.py +36 -0
  132. snappy/drilling/subdivide.py +0 -5
  133. snappy/drilling/test.py +23 -0
  134. snappy/drilling/test_cases.py +126 -0
  135. snappy/drilling/tracing.py +9 -37
  136. snappy/exceptions.py +18 -5
  137. snappy/exterior_to_link/barycentric_geometry.py +2 -4
  138. snappy/exterior_to_link/main.py +8 -7
  139. snappy/exterior_to_link/mcomplex_with_link.py +2 -2
  140. snappy/exterior_to_link/rational_linear_algebra.py +1 -1
  141. snappy/exterior_to_link/rational_linear_algebra_wrapped.py +1 -1
  142. snappy/exterior_to_link/test.py +21 -33
  143. snappy/geometric_structure/__init__.py +212 -0
  144. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/__init__.py +3 -0
  145. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/complex_cusp_cross_section.py +697 -0
  146. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/cusp_cross_section_base.py +484 -0
  147. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/exceptions.py +42 -0
  148. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/real_cusp_cross_section.py +298 -0
  149. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/tiles_for_cusp_neighborhood.py +159 -0
  150. snappy/geometric_structure/cusp_neighborhood/vertices.py +32 -0
  151. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/__init__.py +0 -0
  152. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/add_core_curves.py +152 -0
  153. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/avoid_core_curves.py +369 -0
  154. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/canonical_keys.py +52 -0
  155. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/check_away_from_core_curve.py +60 -0
  156. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/constants.py +6 -0
  157. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/exceptions.py +22 -0
  158. snappy/{drilling → geometric_structure/geodesic}/fixed_points.py +34 -9
  159. snappy/{drilling/geodesic_info.py → geometric_structure/geodesic/geodesic_start_point_info.py} +139 -180
  160. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/graph_trace_helper.py +67 -0
  161. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/line.py +30 -0
  162. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/multiplicity.py +127 -0
  163. snappy/geometric_structure/geodesic/tiles_for_geodesic.py +101 -0
  164. snappy/geometric_structure/test.py +22 -0
  165. snappy/gui.py +23 -13
  166. snappy/horoviewer.py +7 -7
  167. snappy/hyperboloid/__init__.py +96 -31
  168. snappy/hyperboloid/distances.py +245 -0
  169. snappy/hyperboloid/horoball.py +19 -0
  170. snappy/hyperboloid/line.py +35 -0
  171. snappy/hyperboloid/point.py +9 -0
  172. snappy/hyperboloid/triangle.py +29 -0
  173. snappy/isometry_signature.py +382 -0
  174. snappy/len_spec/__init__.py +596 -0
  175. snappy/len_spec/geodesic_info.py +110 -0
  176. snappy/len_spec/geodesic_key_info_dict.py +117 -0
  177. snappy/len_spec/geodesic_piece.py +143 -0
  178. snappy/len_spec/geometric_structure.py +182 -0
  179. snappy/len_spec/geometry.py +80 -0
  180. snappy/len_spec/length_spectrum_geodesic_info.py +170 -0
  181. snappy/len_spec/spine.py +206 -0
  182. snappy/len_spec/test.py +24 -0
  183. snappy/len_spec/test_cases.py +69 -0
  184. snappy/len_spec/tile.py +275 -0
  185. snappy/len_spec/word.py +86 -0
  186. snappy/math_basics.py +39 -13
  187. snappy/matrix.py +52 -9
  188. snappy/number.py +12 -6
  189. snappy/numeric_output_checker.py +2 -3
  190. snappy/pari.py +6 -3
  191. snappy/polyviewer.py +8 -8
  192. snappy/ptolemy/__init__.py +1 -1
  193. snappy/ptolemy/component.py +2 -2
  194. snappy/ptolemy/coordinates.py +25 -25
  195. snappy/ptolemy/findLoops.py +9 -9
  196. snappy/ptolemy/manifoldMethods.py +27 -29
  197. snappy/ptolemy/polynomial.py +50 -57
  198. snappy/ptolemy/processFileBase.py +60 -0
  199. snappy/ptolemy/ptolemyVariety.py +109 -41
  200. snappy/ptolemy/reginaWrapper.py +4 -4
  201. snappy/ptolemy/rur.py +1 -1
  202. snappy/ptolemy/solutionsToPrimeIdealGroebnerBasis.py +9 -9
  203. snappy/ptolemy/test.py +99 -54
  204. snappy/ptolemy/utilities.py +1 -1
  205. snappy/raytracing/__init__.py +64 -0
  206. snappy/raytracing/additional_horospheres.py +64 -0
  207. snappy/raytracing/additional_len_spec_choices.py +63 -0
  208. snappy/raytracing/cohomology_fractal.py +0 -3
  209. snappy/raytracing/eyeball.py +123 -0
  210. snappy/raytracing/finite_raytracing_data.py +17 -17
  211. snappy/raytracing/finite_viewer.py +15 -15
  212. snappy/raytracing/geodesic_tube_info.py +93 -63
  213. snappy/raytracing/geodesics.py +94 -64
  214. snappy/raytracing/geodesics_window.py +56 -34
  215. snappy/raytracing/gui_utilities.py +21 -6
  216. snappy/raytracing/hyperboloid_navigation.py +29 -4
  217. snappy/raytracing/hyperboloid_utilities.py +73 -73
  218. snappy/raytracing/ideal_raytracing_data.py +121 -91
  219. snappy/raytracing/inside_viewer.py +199 -66
  220. snappy/raytracing/pack.py +22 -0
  221. snappy/raytracing/raytracing_data.py +37 -25
  222. snappy/raytracing/raytracing_view.py +70 -65
  223. snappy/raytracing/shaders/Eye.png +0 -0
  224. snappy/raytracing/shaders/NonGeometric.png +0 -0
  225. snappy/raytracing/shaders/__init__.py +39 -3
  226. snappy/raytracing/shaders/fragment.glsl +451 -133
  227. snappy/raytracing/test.py +29 -0
  228. snappy/raytracing/tooltip.py +146 -0
  229. snappy/raytracing/upper_halfspace_utilities.py +42 -9
  230. snappy/sage_helper.py +67 -134
  231. snappy/settings.py +90 -77
  232. snappy/shell.py +2 -0
  233. snappy/snap/character_varieties.py +2 -2
  234. snappy/snap/find_field.py +4 -3
  235. snappy/snap/fundamental_polyhedron.py +2 -2
  236. snappy/snap/kernel_structures.py +5 -1
  237. snappy/snap/nsagetools.py +9 -8
  238. snappy/snap/peripheral/dual_cellulation.py +4 -3
  239. snappy/snap/peripheral/peripheral.py +2 -2
  240. snappy/snap/peripheral/surface.py +5 -5
  241. snappy/snap/peripheral/test.py +1 -1
  242. snappy/snap/polished_reps.py +8 -8
  243. snappy/snap/slice_obs_HKL.py +16 -14
  244. snappy/snap/t3mlite/arrow.py +3 -3
  245. snappy/snap/t3mlite/edge.py +3 -3
  246. snappy/snap/t3mlite/homology.py +2 -2
  247. snappy/snap/t3mlite/mcomplex.py +3 -3
  248. snappy/snap/t3mlite/simplex.py +12 -0
  249. snappy/snap/t3mlite/spun.py +18 -17
  250. snappy/snap/t3mlite/test_vs_regina.py +4 -4
  251. snappy/snap/test.py +37 -53
  252. snappy/snap/utilities.py +4 -5
  253. snappy/test.py +121 -138
  254. snappy/test_cases.py +263 -0
  255. snappy/testing.py +131 -0
  256. snappy/tiling/__init__.py +2 -0
  257. snappy/tiling/canonical_key_dict.py +59 -0
  258. snappy/tiling/dict_based_set.py +79 -0
  259. snappy/tiling/floor.py +49 -0
  260. snappy/tiling/hyperboloid_dict.py +54 -0
  261. snappy/tiling/iter_utils.py +78 -0
  262. snappy/tiling/lifted_tetrahedron.py +22 -0
  263. snappy/tiling/lifted_tetrahedron_set.py +54 -0
  264. snappy/tiling/real_hash_dict.py +164 -0
  265. snappy/tiling/test.py +23 -0
  266. snappy/tiling/tile.py +215 -0
  267. snappy/tiling/triangle.py +33 -0
  268. snappy/tkterminal.py +113 -84
  269. snappy/twister/main.py +1 -7
  270. snappy/twister/twister_core.cp312-win_amd64.pyd +0 -0
  271. snappy/upper_halfspace/__init__.py +78 -17
  272. snappy/verify/__init__.py +3 -7
  273. snappy/verify/{verifyCanonical.py → canonical.py} +78 -70
  274. snappy/verify/complex_volume/adjust_torsion.py +1 -2
  275. snappy/verify/complex_volume/closed.py +13 -13
  276. snappy/verify/complex_volume/cusped.py +6 -6
  277. snappy/verify/complex_volume/extended_bloch.py +5 -8
  278. snappy/verify/{cuspTranslations.py → cusp_translations.py} +1 -1
  279. snappy/verify/edge_equations.py +80 -0
  280. snappy/verify/exceptions.py +0 -55
  281. snappy/verify/{verifyHyperbolicity.py → hyperbolicity.py} +3 -3
  282. snappy/verify/interval_newton_shapes_engine.py +7 -5
  283. snappy/verify/interval_tree.py +5 -5
  284. snappy/verify/krawczyk_shapes_engine.py +17 -18
  285. snappy/verify/maximal_cusp_area_matrix/__init__.py +7 -74
  286. snappy/verify/maximal_cusp_area_matrix/cusp_tiling_engine.py +3 -4
  287. snappy/verify/maximal_cusp_area_matrix/cusp_translate_engine.py +1 -1
  288. snappy/verify/{realAlgebra.py → real_algebra.py} +1 -1
  289. snappy/verify/shapes.py +5 -3
  290. snappy/verify/short_slopes.py +39 -41
  291. snappy/verify/{squareExtensions.py → square_extensions.py} +14 -11
  292. snappy/verify/test.py +57 -60
  293. snappy/verify/upper_halfspace/extended_matrix.py +1 -1
  294. snappy/verify/upper_halfspace/finite_point.py +3 -4
  295. snappy/verify/upper_halfspace/ideal_point.py +9 -9
  296. snappy/verify/volume.py +2 -2
  297. snappy/version.py +2 -2
  298. {snappy-3.1.1.dist-info → snappy-3.2.dist-info}/METADATA +25 -11
  299. snappy-3.2.dist-info/RECORD +503 -0
  300. {snappy-3.1.1.dist-info → snappy-3.2.dist-info}/WHEEL +1 -1
  301. {snappy-3.1.1.dist-info → snappy-3.2.dist-info}/top_level.txt +6 -1
  302. snappy/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  303. snappy/__pycache__/browser.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  304. snappy/__pycache__/cache.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  305. snappy/__pycache__/database.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  306. snappy/__pycache__/db_utilities.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  307. snappy/__pycache__/decorated_isosig.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  308. snappy/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  309. snappy/__pycache__/export_stl.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  310. snappy/__pycache__/filedialog.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  311. snappy/__pycache__/gui.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  312. snappy/__pycache__/horoviewer.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  313. snappy/__pycache__/math_basics.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  314. snappy/__pycache__/matrix.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  315. snappy/__pycache__/number.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  316. snappy/__pycache__/numeric_output_checker.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  317. snappy/__pycache__/pari.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  318. snappy/__pycache__/polyviewer.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  319. snappy/__pycache__/sage_helper.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  320. snappy/__pycache__/version.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  321. snappy/doc/_sources/verify_canon.rst.txt +0 -90
  322. snappy/doc/_static/js/html5shiv-printshiv.min.js +0 -4
  323. snappy/doc/_static/js/html5shiv.min.js +0 -4
  324. snappy/doc/verify_canon.html +0 -304
  325. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  326. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/constants.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  327. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/crush.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  328. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/cusps.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  329. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/debug.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  330. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/epsilons.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  331. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/exceptions.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  332. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/fixed_points.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  333. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/geodesic_info.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  334. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/geodesic_tube.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  335. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/geometric_structure.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  336. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/line.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  337. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/moves.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  338. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/peripheral_curves.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  339. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/perturb.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  340. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/quotient_space.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  341. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/spatial_dict.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  342. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/subdivide.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  343. snappy/drilling/__pycache__/tracing.cpython-312.pyc +0 -0
  344. snappy/drilling/geodesic_tube.py +0 -441
  345. snappy/drilling/geometric_structure.py +0 -366
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- <h1>Mathematical preliminaries<a class="headerlink" href="#mathematical-preliminaries" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
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- <p>Given a triangulation, the ptolemy module will produce a system of equation that is equivalent to
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- the reduced Ptolemy variety (see <a class="reference internal" href="#gtz2011" id="id1"><span>[GTZ2011]</span></a>, Section 5 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2012" id="id2"><span>[GGZ2012]</span></a>, and Proposition 4.7 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2014" id="id3"><span>[GGZ2014]</span></a>).</p>
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- <p>A solution
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- to this system of equations where no Ptolemy coordinate is zero yields a <a class="reference internal" href="#ptolemy-boundary-unipotent"><span class="std std-ref">boundary-unipotent</span></a>
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- SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation, respectively, PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation (see <a class="reference internal" href="#obstruction-class"><span class="std std-ref">Obstruction class</span></a>).</p>
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- to recover the representation - thus the ptolemy module discards those and thus might miss some
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- boundary-unipotent representations for the chosen triangulation (see <a class="reference internal" href="#ptolemy-generically-decorated"><span class="std std-ref">Generically decorated representations</span></a>).
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- This is the same problem that the
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- gluing equations for finding PGL(2, <strong>C</strong>)-representations suffer from where simplices in the developing
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- map can be degenerate and yielding cross ratios that are 0, 1, or <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\infty\)</span>.</p>
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- <section id="boundary-unipotent">
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- <span id="ptolemy-boundary-unipotent"></span><h2>Boundary-unipotent<a class="headerlink" href="#boundary-unipotent" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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- <p>We call a SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation <em>boundary-unipotent</em> if each peripheral subgroup is taken to
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- a conjugate of the unipotent group <em>P</em> of upper unit-triangular matrices. Similarly, we call
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- a PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation <em>boundary-unipotent</em> if each peripheral subgroup is taken to a conjugate
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- of the unipotent group of PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>), i.e., the image of <em>P</em> under the projection SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\rightarrow\)</span>PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>).</p>
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- <p>Note that even when boundary-unipotent PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation can be lifted to an
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- SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation, the lift might no longer be boundary-unipotent, i.e., there might be
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- a peripheral curve whose image now is conjugate to an upper triangular matrix with an <em>N</em>-th root
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- of unity on the diagonal. For example, if the manifold is hyperbolic and has one cusp,
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- any lift of the geometric representation will take the longitude
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- to a matrix with trace -2 and is thus not boundary-unipotent as SL(2, <strong>C</strong>)-representation.</p>
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- </section>
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- <section id="obstruction-class">
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- <span id="id4"></span><h2>Obstruction class<a class="headerlink" href="#obstruction-class" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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- <p>Given a boundary-unipotent PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation, we obtain an <em>obstruction class</em> in H<sup>2</sup>(M,<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\partial\)</span>M; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)
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- that is trivial if and only if the representations lifts to a boundary-unipotent SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation (see Section 9.1 of <a class="reference internal" href="#gtz2011" id="id5"><span>[GTZ2011]</span></a> and Section 1.3 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2014" id="id6"><span>[GGZ2014]</span></a>).
143
- Given a triangulation and an element in H<sup>2</sup>(M,<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\partial\)</span>M; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>), the Ptolemy variety can be modified to find
144
- the boundary-unipotent
145
- PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representations with that obstruction class (for <em>N</em> &gt; 2 this is implemented here but has not been published yet).</p>
146
- <p>Note that two elements in H<sup>2</sup>(M,<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\partial\)</span>M; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)
147
- related by multiplication by an element in (<strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)<sup>*</sup> yield Ptolemy
148
- varieties corresponding to picking different Galois conjugates for the <em>N</em>-th root of unity. Thus, it is enough
149
- to consider a representative for each element in the quotient H<sup>2</sup>(M,<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\partial\)</span>M; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)/(<strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)<sup>*</sup>.</p>
150
- </section>
151
- <section id="sl-n-c-vs-psl-n-c">
152
- <span id="ptolemy-psl-multiplicity"></span><h2>SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>) vs PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)<a class="headerlink" href="#sl-n-c-vs-psl-n-c" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
153
- <p>The reduced Ptolemy variety for the trivial obstruction class can have several points (say <em>d</em>) giving different SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representations that are the same as PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representations. Similarly, for the non-trivial obstruction class we can have <em>d</em> points in the reduced Ptolemy variety yielding the same PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation.</p>
154
- <p>The degree <em>d</em> of this correspondence is the size of H<sup>1</sup>(<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\hat{M}\)</span>; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>) where <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\hat{M}\)</span> is the cell complex obtained from collapsing each cusp to a point.</p>
155
- </section>
156
- <section id="generically-decorated-representations">
157
- <span id="ptolemy-generically-decorated"></span><h2>Generically decorated representations<a class="headerlink" href="#generically-decorated-representations" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
158
- <p>We want to point out two important facts when using the reduced Ptolemy variety to find boundary-unipotent representations:</p>
159
- <ul class="simple">
160
- <li><p>We miss representations that are not generically decorated (as mentioned above). This happens but rarely.</p></li>
161
- <li><dl class="simple">
162
- <dt>A positively dimensional component in the reduced Ptolemy variety might mean two things (which we can distinguish by looking at the images of the peripheral groups):</dt><dd><ul>
163
- <li><p>a positively dimensional family of boundary-unipotent representations or</p></li>
164
- <li><p>a family of decorations of the same representation.</p></li>
165
- </ul>
166
- </dd>
167
- </dl>
168
- </li>
169
- </ul>
170
- <p>The reason for this is that the reduced Ptolmey variety does not parametrize representations but generically decorated representations (which can also be thought of as development maps). We just list the facts about decorations important to us here and refer the reader for details to Section 4 of <a class="reference internal" href="#gtz2011" id="id7"><span>[GTZ2011]</span></a> and Section 8 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2012" id="id8"><span>[GGZ2012]</span></a> (where decoration would be called <em>B</em>-decoration or (SL(<em>N</em>), <strong>C</strong>), <em>B</em>)-decoration with <em>B</em> the Borel group of upper triangular matrices):</p>
171
- <ul class="simple">
172
- <li><p>Every boundary-unipotent representation of a cusped manifold admits a decoration. The set of decorations of a representation is intrinsic to the representation and independent of the triangulation.</p></li>
173
- <li><p>The representation determines the decoration uniquely if and only if the representation is boundary-non-degenerate (which most representations are).</p></li>
174
- <li><p>Given a decorated representation and an ideal triangulation of a cusped manifold, we obtain Ptolemy coordinates.</p></li>
175
- <li><p>If all the resulting Ptolemy coordinates are non-zero, we call the representation <em>generically decorated</em> - a notion that depends on the chosen triangulation.</p></li>
176
- <li><p>The reduced Ptolemy variety parametrizes generically decorated and boundary-unipotent representations.</p></li>
177
- </ul>
178
- </section>
179
- <section id="reduced-ptolemy-variety">
180
- <span id="ptolemy-reduced-variety"></span><h2>Reduced Ptolemy variety<a class="headerlink" href="#reduced-ptolemy-variety" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
181
- <p>We will actually always use the reduced Ptolemy variety, i.e., the system of equation that consists of the Ptolemy relations (always of the form
182
- <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\pm\)</span> c<sub>…</sub> c<sub>…</sub> <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\pm\)</span> c<sub>…</sub> c<sub>…</sub> <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\pm\)</span> c<sub>…</sub> c<sub>…</sub>) and extra equations fixing an appropriate set of (N-1) Ptolemy coordinates per cusp as described in Proposition 4.7 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2014" id="id9"><span>[GGZ2014]</span></a>. This is because the Ptolemy relations alone admit an action by (<strong>C</strong><sup>*</sup>)<sup>(N-1)</sup> for each cusp that does not change the representation it yields.</p>
183
- <p>In other words, the Ptolemy variety parametrizes <em>P</em>-decorations and the reduced Ptolemy variety parametrizes <em>B</em>-decorations.</p>
184
- </section>
185
- <section id="future-work">
186
- <h2>Future work<a class="headerlink" href="#future-work" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
187
- <p>In unpublished work, we developed an algorithm that takes some triangulation of a manifold and constructs a set of triangulations and corresponding Ptolemy varieties (with extra edge relations) such that we can guarantee that all boundary-unipotent PSL(2,C)-representations are found - not just the ones that are generically decorated with respect to the chosen triangulation. This is inspired by <a class="reference internal" href="#s2009" id="id10"><span>[S2009]</span></a>. The ptolemy module might support this in the future.</p>
188
- <p>In <a class="reference internal" href="#z2014" id="id11"><span>[Z2014]</span></a>, the Ptolemy variety was extended to detect non boundary-unipotent representations as well. The ptolemy module might produce these varieties in the future. This might offer another way of computing A-polynomials - that when combined with the above algorithm is guaranteed to be the full A-polynomial and not just a factor of it.</p>
189
- </section>
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- <section id="references">
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- <h2>References<a class="headerlink" href="#references" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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- <div role="list" class="citation-list">
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- <div class="citation" id="s2009" role="doc-biblioentry">
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- <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span><a role="doc-backlink" href="#id10">S2009</a><span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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- <p>Henry Segerman: A generalisation of the deformation variety, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/0904.1893">http://arxiv.org/abs/0904.1893</a></p>
196
- </div>
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- <div class="citation" id="gtz2011" role="doc-biblioentry">
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- <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span>GTZ2011<span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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- <span class="backrefs">(<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id1">1</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id5">2</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id7">3</a>)</span>
200
- <p>Stavros Garoufalidis, Dylan P. Thurston, and Christian K. Zickert: The Complex Volume of SL(n,C)-Representations of 3-Manifolds, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.2828">http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.2828</a></p>
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- </div>
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- <div class="citation" id="ggz2012" role="doc-biblioentry">
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- <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span>GGZ2012<span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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- <span class="backrefs">(<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id2">1</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id8">2</a>)</span>
205
- <p>Stavros Garoufalidis, Matthias Goerner, and Christian K. Zickert: Gluing Equations for PGL(n,C)-Representations of 3-Manifolds, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.6711">http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.6711</a></p>
206
- </div>
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- <div class="citation" id="ggz2014" role="doc-biblioentry">
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- <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span>GGZ2014<span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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- <span class="backrefs">(<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id3">1</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id6">2</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id9">3</a>)</span>
210
- <p>Stavros Garoufalidis, Matthias Goerner, and Christian K. Zickert: The Ptolemy Field of 3-Manifold Representations, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.5542">http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.5542</a></p>
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- </div>
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- <div class="citation" id="z2014" role="doc-biblioentry">
213
- <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span><a role="doc-backlink" href="#id11">Z2014</a><span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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- <p>Christian K. Zickert: Ptolemy coordinates, Dehn invariant, and the A-polynomial, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.0025">http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.0025</a></p>
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+ <section id="mathematical-preliminaries">
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+ <h1>Mathematical preliminaries<a class="headerlink" href="#mathematical-preliminaries" title="Link to this heading"></a></h1>
112
+ <p>Given a triangulation, the ptolemy module will produce a system of equation that is equivalent to
113
+ the reduced Ptolemy variety (see <a class="reference internal" href="#gtz2011" id="id1"><span>[GTZ2011]</span></a>, Section 5 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2012" id="id2"><span>[GGZ2012]</span></a>, and Proposition 4.7 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2014" id="id3"><span>[GGZ2014]</span></a>).</p>
114
+ <p>A solution
115
+ to this system of equations where no Ptolemy coordinate is zero yields a <a class="reference internal" href="#ptolemy-boundary-unipotent"><span class="std std-ref">boundary-unipotent</span></a>
116
+ SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation, respectively, PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation (see <a class="reference internal" href="#obstruction-class"><span class="std std-ref">Obstruction class</span></a>).</p>
117
+ <p>Note that a solution where some Ptolemy coordinates are zero might not have enough information
118
+ to recover the representation - thus the ptolemy module discards those and thus might miss some
119
+ boundary-unipotent representations for the chosen triangulation (see <a class="reference internal" href="#ptolemy-generically-decorated"><span class="std std-ref">Generically decorated representations</span></a>).
120
+ This is the same problem that the
121
+ gluing equations for finding PGL(2, <strong>C</strong>)-representations suffer from where simplices in the developing
122
+ map can be degenerate and yielding cross ratios that are 0, 1, or <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\infty\)</span>.</p>
123
+ <section id="boundary-unipotent">
124
+ <span id="ptolemy-boundary-unipotent"></span><h2>Boundary-unipotent<a class="headerlink" href="#boundary-unipotent" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
125
+ <p>We call a SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation <em>boundary-unipotent</em> if each peripheral subgroup is taken to
126
+ a conjugate of the unipotent group <em>P</em> of upper unit-triangular matrices. Similarly, we call
127
+ a PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation <em>boundary-unipotent</em> if each peripheral subgroup is taken to a conjugate
128
+ of the unipotent group of PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>), i.e., the image of <em>P</em> under the projection SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\rightarrow\)</span>PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>).</p>
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+ <p>Note that even when boundary-unipotent PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation can be lifted to an
130
+ SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation, the lift might no longer be boundary-unipotent, i.e., there might be
131
+ a peripheral curve whose image now is conjugate to an upper triangular matrix with an <em>N</em>-th root
132
+ of unity on the diagonal. For example, if the manifold is hyperbolic and has one cusp,
133
+ any lift of the geometric representation will take the longitude
134
+ to a matrix with trace -2 and is thus not boundary-unipotent as SL(2, <strong>C</strong>)-representation.</p>
135
+ </section>
136
+ <section id="obstruction-class">
137
+ <span id="id4"></span><h2>Obstruction class<a class="headerlink" href="#obstruction-class" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
138
+ <p>Given a boundary-unipotent PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation, we obtain an <em>obstruction class</em> in H<sup>2</sup>(M,<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\partial\)</span>M; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)
139
+ that is trivial if and only if the representations lifts to a boundary-unipotent SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation (see Section 9.1 of <a class="reference internal" href="#gtz2011" id="id5"><span>[GTZ2011]</span></a> and Section 1.3 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2014" id="id6"><span>[GGZ2014]</span></a>).
140
+ Given a triangulation and an element in H<sup>2</sup>(M,<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\partial\)</span>M; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>), the Ptolemy variety can be modified to find
141
+ the boundary-unipotent
142
+ PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representations with that obstruction class (for <em>N</em> &gt; 2 this is implemented here but has not been published yet).</p>
143
+ <p>Note that two elements in H<sup>2</sup>(M,<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\partial\)</span>M; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)
144
+ related by multiplication by an element in (<strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)<sup>*</sup> yield Ptolemy
145
+ varieties corresponding to picking different Galois conjugates for the <em>N</em>-th root of unity. Thus, it is enough
146
+ to consider a representative for each element in the quotient H<sup>2</sup>(M,<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\partial\)</span>M; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)/(<strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>)<sup>*</sup>.</p>
147
+ </section>
148
+ <section id="sl-n-c-vs-psl-n-c">
149
+ <span id="ptolemy-psl-multiplicity"></span><h2>SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>) vs PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)<a class="headerlink" href="#sl-n-c-vs-psl-n-c" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
150
+ <p>The reduced Ptolemy variety for the trivial obstruction class can have several points (say <em>d</em>) giving different SL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representations that are the same as PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representations. Similarly, for the non-trivial obstruction class we can have <em>d</em> points in the reduced Ptolemy variety yielding the same PSL(<em>N</em>, <strong>C</strong>)-representation.</p>
151
+ <p>The degree <em>d</em> of this correspondence is the size of H<sup>1</sup>(<span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\hat{M}\)</span>; <strong>Z</strong>/<em>N</em>) where <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\hat{M}\)</span> is the cell complex obtained from collapsing each cusp to a point.</p>
152
+ </section>
153
+ <section id="generically-decorated-representations">
154
+ <span id="ptolemy-generically-decorated"></span><h2>Generically decorated representations<a class="headerlink" href="#generically-decorated-representations" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
155
+ <p>We want to point out two important facts when using the reduced Ptolemy variety to find boundary-unipotent representations:</p>
156
+ <ul class="simple">
157
+ <li><p>We miss representations that are not generically decorated (as mentioned above). This happens but rarely.</p></li>
158
+ <li><dl class="simple">
159
+ <dt>A positively dimensional component in the reduced Ptolemy variety might mean two things (which we can distinguish by looking at the images of the peripheral groups):</dt><dd><ul>
160
+ <li><p>a positively dimensional family of boundary-unipotent representations or</p></li>
161
+ <li><p>a family of decorations of the same representation.</p></li>
162
+ </ul>
163
+ </dd>
164
+ </dl>
165
+ </li>
166
+ </ul>
167
+ <p>The reason for this is that the reduced Ptolmey variety does not parametrize representations but generically decorated representations (which can also be thought of as development maps). We just list the facts about decorations important to us here and refer the reader for details to Section 4 of <a class="reference internal" href="#gtz2011" id="id7"><span>[GTZ2011]</span></a> and Section 8 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2012" id="id8"><span>[GGZ2012]</span></a> (where decoration would be called <em>B</em>-decoration or (SL(<em>N</em>), <strong>C</strong>), <em>B</em>)-decoration with <em>B</em> the Borel group of upper triangular matrices):</p>
168
+ <ul class="simple">
169
+ <li><p>Every boundary-unipotent representation of a cusped manifold admits a decoration. The set of decorations of a representation is intrinsic to the representation and independent of the triangulation.</p></li>
170
+ <li><p>The representation determines the decoration uniquely if and only if the representation is boundary-non-degenerate (which most representations are).</p></li>
171
+ <li><p>Given a decorated representation and an ideal triangulation of a cusped manifold, we obtain Ptolemy coordinates.</p></li>
172
+ <li><p>If all the resulting Ptolemy coordinates are non-zero, we call the representation <em>generically decorated</em> - a notion that depends on the chosen triangulation.</p></li>
173
+ <li><p>The reduced Ptolemy variety parametrizes generically decorated and boundary-unipotent representations.</p></li>
174
+ </ul>
175
+ </section>
176
+ <section id="reduced-ptolemy-variety">
177
+ <span id="ptolemy-reduced-variety"></span><h2>Reduced Ptolemy variety<a class="headerlink" href="#reduced-ptolemy-variety" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
178
+ <p>We will actually always use the reduced Ptolemy variety, i.e., the system of equation that consists of the Ptolemy relations (always of the form
179
+ <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\pm\)</span> c<sub>…</sub> c<sub>…</sub> <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\pm\)</span> c<sub>…</sub> c<sub>…</sub> <span class="math notranslate nohighlight">\(\pm\)</span> c<sub>…</sub> c<sub>…</sub>) and extra equations fixing an appropriate set of (N-1) Ptolemy coordinates per cusp as described in Proposition 4.7 of <a class="reference internal" href="#ggz2014" id="id9"><span>[GGZ2014]</span></a>. This is because the Ptolemy relations alone admit an action by (<strong>C</strong><sup>*</sup>)<sup>(N-1)</sup> for each cusp that does not change the representation it yields.</p>
180
+ <p>In other words, the Ptolemy variety parametrizes <em>P</em>-decorations and the reduced Ptolemy variety parametrizes <em>B</em>-decorations.</p>
181
+ </section>
182
+ <section id="future-work">
183
+ <h2>Future work<a class="headerlink" href="#future-work" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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+ <p>In unpublished work, we developed an algorithm that takes some triangulation of a manifold and constructs a set of triangulations and corresponding Ptolemy varieties (with extra edge relations) such that we can guarantee that all boundary-unipotent PSL(2,C)-representations are found - not just the ones that are generically decorated with respect to the chosen triangulation. This is inspired by <a class="reference internal" href="#s2009" id="id10"><span>[S2009]</span></a>. The ptolemy module might support this in the future.</p>
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+ <p>In <a class="reference internal" href="#z2014" id="id11"><span>[Z2014]</span></a>, the Ptolemy variety was extended to detect non boundary-unipotent representations as well. The ptolemy module might produce these varieties in the future. This might offer another way of computing A-polynomials - that when combined with the above algorithm is guaranteed to be the full A-polynomial and not just a factor of it.</p>
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+ </section>
187
+ <section id="references">
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+ <h2>References<a class="headerlink" href="#references" title="Link to this heading"></a></h2>
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+ <div role="list" class="citation-list">
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+ <div class="citation" id="s2009" role="doc-biblioentry">
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+ <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span><a role="doc-backlink" href="#id10">S2009</a><span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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+ <p>Henry Segerman: A generalisation of the deformation variety, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/0904.1893">http://arxiv.org/abs/0904.1893</a></p>
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+ </div>
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+ <div class="citation" id="gtz2011" role="doc-biblioentry">
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+ <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span>GTZ2011<span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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+ <span class="backrefs">(<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id1">1</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id5">2</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id7">3</a>)</span>
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+ <p>Stavros Garoufalidis, Dylan P. Thurston, and Christian K. Zickert: The Complex Volume of SL(n,C)-Representations of 3-Manifolds, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.2828">http://arxiv.org/abs/1111.2828</a></p>
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+ </div>
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+ <div class="citation" id="ggz2012" role="doc-biblioentry">
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+ <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span>GGZ2012<span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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+ <span class="backrefs">(<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id2">1</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id8">2</a>)</span>
202
+ <p>Stavros Garoufalidis, Matthias Goerner, and Christian K. Zickert: Gluing Equations for PGL(n,C)-Representations of 3-Manifolds, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.6711">http://arxiv.org/abs/1207.6711</a></p>
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+ </div>
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+ <div class="citation" id="ggz2014" role="doc-biblioentry">
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+ <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span>GGZ2014<span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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+ <span class="backrefs">(<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id3">1</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id6">2</a>,<a role="doc-backlink" href="#id9">3</a>)</span>
207
+ <p>Stavros Garoufalidis, Matthias Goerner, and Christian K. Zickert: The Ptolemy Field of 3-Manifold Representations, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.5542">http://arxiv.org/abs/1401.5542</a></p>
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+ </div>
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+ <div class="citation" id="z2014" role="doc-biblioentry">
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+ <span class="label"><span class="fn-bracket">[</span><a role="doc-backlink" href="#id11">Z2014</a><span class="fn-bracket">]</span></span>
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+ <p>Christian K. Zickert: Ptolemy coordinates, Dehn invariant, and the A-polynomial, <a class="reference external" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.0025">http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.0025</a></p>
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