rock-physics-open 0.3.2__py3-none-any.whl

rock_physics_open/sandstone_models/constant_cement_optimisation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from rock_physics_open.equinor_utilities import gen_utilities
+from rock_physics_open.equinor_utilities.optimisation_utilities import (
+    gen_opt_routine,
+    save_opt_params,
+)
+
+from .curvefit_sandstone_models import curvefit_constant_cement
+
+
+def constant_cement_model_optimisation(
+    k_min: np.ndarray,
+    mu_min: np.ndarray,
+    rho_min: np.ndarray,
+    k_cem: np.ndarray,
+    mu_cem: np.ndarray,
+    rho_cem: np.ndarray,
+    k_fl: np.ndarray,
+    rho_fl: np.ndarray,
+    por: np.ndarray,
+    vp: np.ndarray,
+    vs: np.ndarray,
+    rhob: np.ndarray,
+    file_out_str: str = "constant_cement_optimal_params.pkl",
+    display_results: bool = False,
+    well_name: str = "Unknown well",
+):
+    """Patchy cement model with optimisation for a selection of parameters.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    k_min :
+        Cement bulk modulus [Pa].
+    mu_min :
+        Cement shear modulus [Pa].
+    rho_min :
+        Cement density [kg/m^3].
+    k_cem :
+        Cement bulk modulus [Pa].
+    mu_cem :
+        Cement shear modulus [Pa].
+    rho_cem :
+        Cement density [kg/m^3].
+    k_fl :
+        Fluid bulk modulus [Pa].
+    rho_fl :
+        Fluid density [kg/m^3].
+    por :
+        Inclusion porosity [ratio].
+    vp :
+        Compressional velocity log [m/s].
+    vs :
+        Shear velocity log [m/s].
+    rhob :
+        Bulk density log [kg/m^3].
+    file_out_str :
+        Output file name (string) to store optimal parameters (pickle format).
+    display_results :
+        Display optimal parameters in a window after run.
+    well_name :
+        Name of well to be displayed in info box title.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    tuple
+        vp_mod, vs_mod - modelled logs, vp_res, vs_res - residual logs.
+    """
+
+    # Skip hardcoded Vp/Vs ratio
+    def_vpvs = np.mean(vp / vs)
+    # Set weight to vs to give vp and vs similar influence on optimisation
+    y_data = np.stack([vp, vs * def_vpvs], axis=1)
+    # Optimisation function for selected parameters
+    opt_fun = curvefit_constant_cement
+    # expand single value parameters to match logs length
+    por, def_vpvs = gen_utilities.dim_check_vector((por, def_vpvs))
+    x_data = np.stack(
+        (k_min, mu_min, rho_min, k_cem, mu_cem, rho_cem, k_fl, rho_fl, por, def_vpvs),
+        axis=1,
+    )
+
+    # Params: weight_k, weight_mu, shear_red, frac_cem
+    lower_bound = np.array(
+        [
+            0.35,  # phi_c
+            0.0,  # shear_red
+            0.01,  # frac_cem
+        ],
+        dtype=float,
+    )
+    upper_bound = np.array(
+        [
+            0.45,  # phi_c
+            1.0,  # shear_red
+            0.1,  # frac_cem
+        ],
+        dtype=float,
+    )
+
+    x0 = (upper_bound + lower_bound) / 2.0
+    # Optimisation step without fluid substitution
+    vel_mod, vel_res, opt_params = gen_opt_routine(
+        opt_fun, x_data, y_data, x0, lower_bound, upper_bound
+    )
+    frac_cem = opt_params[2]
+
+    # Reshape outputs and remove weight from vs
+    vp_mod, vs_mod = [arr.flatten() for arr in np.split(vel_mod, 2, axis=1)]
+    vp_res, vs_res = [arr.flatten() for arr in np.split(vel_res, 2, axis=1)]
+    vs_mod = vs_mod / def_vpvs
+    vs_res = vs_res / def_vpvs
+    vpvs_mod = vp_mod / vs_mod
+    # Calculate the modelled density
+    rhob_mod = rho_min * (1.0 - por - frac_cem) + frac_cem * rho_cem + por * rho_fl
+    ai_mod = vp_mod * rhob_mod
+    rhob_res = rhob_mod - rhob
+    # Save the optimal parameters
+    save_opt_params("const_cem", opt_params, file_out_str, well_name=well_name)
+    if display_results:
+        from rock_physics_open.t_matrix_models import opt_param_to_ascii
+
+        opt_param_to_ascii(file_out_str, well_name=well_name)
+
+    return vp_mod, vs_mod, rhob_mod, ai_mod, vpvs_mod, vp_res, vs_res, rhob_res

rock_physics_open/sandstone_models/contact_cement_model.py

@@ -0,0 +1,138 @@
+from rock_physics_open.equinor_utilities import gen_utilities, std_functions
+
+
+def contact_cement_model(
+    k_min,
+    mu_min,
+    rho_min,
+    k_cem,
+    mu_cem,
+    rho_cem,
+    k_fl,
+    rho_fl,
+    phi,
+    frac_cem,
+    phi_c,
+    n,
+    shear_red,
+):
+    """
+    Contact cement model is a sandstone model where all variation in porosity is explained by variation in grain contact
+    cement. This is leads to the stiffest transition from critical porosity to the mineral point.
+
+    Mineral properties k_min, muMin, rho_min are effective properties. For mixtures of minerals, effective properties
+    are calculated by Hashin-Shtrikman or similar.
+
+    Cement properties kCem, muCem, rhoCem and cement fraction, the latter as a part of the whole volume.
+
+    Fluid properties k_fl, rho_fl are in situ properties calculated by fluid models using reservoir properties.
+
+    Critical porosity phiC is input to Dvorkin-Nur function. Coordination number n is normally set to a fixed value
+    (default 9) but it is possible to  override this. Porosity phi is used in Hashin-Shtrikman mixing (together with
+    phiC) and Gassmann saturation.
+
+    Shear reduction parameter shearRed is used to account for tangential frictionless grain contacts.
+
+    All inputs are assumed to be vectors of the same length.
+
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    k_min : np.ndarray
+        Mineral bulk modulus [Pa].
+    mu_min : np.ndarray
+        Mineral shear modulus [Pa].
+    rho_min : np.ndarray
+        Mineral bulk density [kg/m^3].
+    k_cem : np.ndarray
+        Cement bulk modulus [Pa].
+    mu_cem : np.ndarray
+        Cement shear modulus [Pa].
+    rho_cem : np.ndarray
+        Cement bulk density [kg/m^3].
+    k_fl : np.ndarray
+        Fluid bulk modulus [Pa].
+    rho_fl : np.ndarray
+        Fluid bulk density [kg/m^3].
+    phi : np.ndarray
+        Porosity [fraction].
+    frac_cem : float
+        Cement fraction [fraction].
+    phi_c : float
+        Critical porosity [fraction].
+    n : float
+        Coordination number [unitless].
+    shear_red : float
+        Shear reduction factor [fraction].
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    tuple
+        vp, vs, rho, ai, vpvs  : (np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray)
+        vp [m/s] and vs [m/s], bulk density [kg/m^3], ai [m/s x kg/m^3], vpvs [ratio] of saturated rock.
+    """
+
+    # Identify porosity values that are above (phi_c - frac_cem), for which the model is not defined
+    (
+        idx_phi,
+        (k_min, mu_min, rho_min, k_cem, mu_cem, rho_cem, k_fl, rho_fl, phi, _),
+    ) = gen_utilities.filter_input_log(
+        (
+            k_min,
+            mu_min,
+            rho_min,
+            k_cem,
+            mu_cem,
+            rho_cem,
+            k_fl,
+            rho_fl,
+            phi,
+            phi_c - frac_cem - phi,
+        )
+    )
+
+    # Expand input parameters to arrays
+    phi, frac_cem, phi_c, n, shear_red = gen_utilities.dim_check_vector(
+        (phi, frac_cem, phi_c, n, shear_red)
+    )
+
+    # At the zero-porosity point, all original porosity (critical porosity) is
+    # filled with cement. The cement surrounds the original grains, so they
+    # will be fraction 1 according to the geometrical interpretation of
+    # Hashin-Shtrikman
+    k_zero, mu_zero = std_functions.hashin_shtrikman_walpole(
+        k_cem, mu_cem, k_min, mu_min, phi_c, bound="lower"
+    )
+
+    # Dry rock properties of high-porosity end member calculated with
+    # Dvorkin-Nur equation. Cement is assumed to be evenly distributed on the
+    # grains (scheme 2 in Dvorkin and Nur's original paper)
+
+    k_cc, mu_cc = std_functions.dvorkin_contact_cement(
+        frac_cem, phi_c, mu_zero, k_zero, mu_cem, k_cem, shear_red, n
+    )
+
+    # Hashin-Shtrikman upper bound describes the dry rock property mixing from
+    # mineral properties to high-end porosity.
+
+    # Fraction of zero-porosity end member
+    f1 = 1 - phi / (phi_c - frac_cem)
+
+    k_dry, mu = std_functions.hashin_shtrikman_walpole(
+        k_zero, mu_zero, k_cc, mu_cc, f1, bound="upper"
+    )
+
+    # Saturated rock incompressibility is calculated with Gassmann
+    k = std_functions.gassmann(k_dry, phi, k_fl, k_zero)
+
+    # Bulk density
+    rho = phi * rho_fl + (1 - phi_c) * rho_min + (phi_c - phi) * rho_cem
+
+    vp, vs, ai, vpvs = std_functions.velocity(k, mu, rho)
+
+    # Restore original array length
+    vp, vs, rho, ai, vpvs = gen_utilities.filter_output(
+        idx_phi, (vp, vs, rho, ai, vpvs)
+    )
+
+    return vp, vs, rho, ai, vpvs

rock_physics_open/sandstone_models/curvefit_sandstone_models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from .constant_cement_models import constant_cement_model
+from .friable_models import friable_model
+from .patchy_cement_model import patchy_cement_model_weight
+
+
+def curvefit_patchy_cement(x_data, weight_k, weight_mu, shear_red, frac_cem):
+    """Run patchy_cement_model_weight with parameter optimisation for closest possible fit to observations
+
+    Inputs: vp, vs, rho, por, k_fl, rho_fl, p_eff, k_min, mu_min, rho_min, k_cem, mu_cem, rho_cem, phi_c
+    Parameters to optimise for: frac_cem, shear_red, weight_k, weight_mu
+    Optimise for vp, vs
+    """
+    # Unpack x inputs
+    # In calling function:
+    k_min = x_data[:, 0]
+    mu_min = x_data[:, 1]
+    rho_min = x_data[:, 2]
+    k_cem = x_data[:, 3]
+    mu_cem = x_data[:, 4]
+    rho_cem = x_data[:, 5]
+    k_fl = x_data[:, 6]
+    rho_fl = x_data[:, 7]
+    phi = x_data[:, 8]
+    p_eff = x_data[:, 9]
+    def_vp_vs_ratio = x_data[0, 10]
+    phi_c = x_data[0, 11]
+
+    # Catch phi values that are above phi_c - frac_cem, reduce silently to phi_c - frac_cem
+    phi = np.minimum(phi, phi_c - frac_cem)
+
+    try:
+        vp, vs = patchy_cement_model_weight(
+            k_min,
+            mu_min,
+            rho_min,
+            k_cem,
+            mu_cem,
+            rho_cem,
+            k_fl,
+            rho_fl,
+            phi,
+            p_eff,
+            frac_cem,
+            phi_c,
+            "por_based",
+            9.0,
+            shear_red,
+            weight_k,
+            weight_mu,
+        )[0:2]
+    except ValueError:
+        vp = np.zeros(k_min.shape)
+        vs = np.zeros(k_min.shape)
+
+    return np.stack((vp, def_vp_vs_ratio * vs), axis=1).flatten("F")
+
+
+def curvefit_friable(x_data, phi_c, shear_red):
+    """Run friable sand model with parameter optimisation for closest possible fit to observations
+
+    Inputs: vp, vs, por, k_fl, rho_fl, p_eff, k_min, mu_min, rho_min
+    Parameters to optimise for: phi_c, shear_red
+    Optimise for vp, vs
+    """
+    # Unpack x inputs
+    k_min = x_data[:, 0]
+    mu_min = x_data[:, 1]
+    rho_min = x_data[:, 2]
+    k_fl = x_data[:, 3]
+    rho_fl = x_data[:, 4]
+    phi = x_data[:, 5]
+    p_eff = x_data[:, 6]
+    def_vp_vs_ratio = x_data[0, 7]
+
+    # Catch phi values that are above phi_c, reduce silently to phi_c
+    phi = np.minimum(phi, phi_c)
+
+    try:
+        vp, vs = friable_model(
+            k_min,
+            mu_min,
+            rho_min,
+            k_fl,
+            rho_fl,
+            phi,
+            p_eff,
+            phi_c,
+            "por_based",
+            1.0,
+            shear_red,
+        )[0:2]
+    except ValueError:
+        vp = np.zeros(k_min.shape)
+        vs = np.zeros(k_min.shape)
+
+    return np.stack((vp, def_vp_vs_ratio * vs), axis=1).flatten("F")
+
+
+def curvefit_constant_cement(x_data, phi_c, shear_red, frac_cem):
+    """Run constant_cement_model with parameter optimisation for closest possible fit to observations
+
+    Inputs: vp, vs, por, k_min, mu_min, rho_min, k_cem, mu_cem, rho_cem, k_fl, rho_fl
+    Parameters to optimise for: phi_c, shear_red, frac_cem
+    Optimise for vp, vs
+    """
+    # Unpack x inputs
+    k_min = x_data[:, 0]
+    mu_min = x_data[:, 1]
+    rho_min = x_data[:, 2]
+    k_cem = x_data[:, 3]
+    mu_cem = x_data[:, 4]
+    rho_cem = x_data[:, 5]
+    k_fl = x_data[:, 6]
+    rho_fl = x_data[:, 7]
+    phi = x_data[:, 8]
+    def_vp_vs_ratio = x_data[0, 9]
+
+    # Catch phi values that are above phi_c - frac_cem, reduce silently to phi_c - frac_cem
+    phi = np.minimum(phi, phi_c - frac_cem)
+
+    try:
+        vp, vs = constant_cement_model(
+            k_min,
+            mu_min,
+            rho_min,
+            k_cem,
+            mu_cem,
+            rho_cem,
+            k_fl,
+            rho_fl,
+            phi,
+            frac_cem,
+            phi_c,
+            9.0,
+            shear_red,
+        )[0:2]
+    except ValueError:
+        vp = np.zeros(k_min.shape)
+        vs = np.zeros(k_min.shape)
+
+    return np.stack((vp, def_vp_vs_ratio * vs), axis=1).flatten("F")

rock_physics_open/sandstone_models/friable_models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+from rock_physics_open.equinor_utilities import gen_utilities, std_functions
+
+
+def friable_model(
+    k_min,
+    mu_min,
+    rho_min,
+    k_fl,
+    rho_fl,
+    phi,
+    p_eff,
+    phi_c,
+    coord_num_func,
+    n,
+    shear_red,
+):
+    """
+    Friable (non-cemented) sandstone model. All porosity variation is due to sorting, i.e. porosity filled with
+    smaller grains. This model is pressure sensitive, but without asymptotic behaviour, which could be expected.
+
+    The same model is also used for shale, with different set of parameters.
+
+    Mineral properties k_min, mu_min, rho_min are effective properties. For
+    mixtures of minerals, effective properties are calculated by
+    Hashin-Shtrikman or similar.
+
+    Fluid properties k_fl, rho_fl are in situ properties calculated by a fluid model using reservoir properties.
+
+    Effective pressure p_eff is normally calculated as differential
+    pressure, i.e. overburden pressure minus pore pressure.
+
+    Critical porosity phi_c is input to Hertz-Mindlin function. Coordination
+    number n is normally calculated from critical porosity, but it is
+    possible to  override this through coord_num_func and parameter n.
+    Porosity phi is used in Hashin-Shtrikman mixing (together with phi_c)
+    and Gassmann saturation. Porosity values above the critical porosity are undefined and NaN is returned.
+
+    Shear reduction parameter shearRed is used to account for tangential
+    frictionless grain contacts.
+
+    All inputs are assumed to be vectors of the same length. Single parameters
+    are expanded to column vectors matching other inputs.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    k_min : np.ndarray
+        Mineral bulk modulus [Pa].
+    mu_min : np.ndarray
+        Mineral shear modulus [Pa].
+    rho_min : np.ndarray
+        Mineral bulk density [kg/m^3].
+    k_fl : np.ndarray
+        Fluid bulk modulus [Pa].
+    rho_fl : np.ndarray
+        Fluid bulk density [kg/m^3].
+    phi : np.ndarray
+        Porosity [fraction].
+    p_eff : np.ndarray
+        Effective pressure [Pa].
+    phi_c : float
+        Critical porosity [fraction].
+    coord_num_func : str
+        Indication if coordination number should be calculated from porosity or kept constant.
+    n : float
+        Coordination number [unitless].
+    shear_red : float
+        Shear reduction factor [fraction].
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    tuple
+        vp, vs, rho, ai, vpvs  : (np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray)
+        vp [m/s] and vs [m/s], bulk density [kg/m^3], ai [m/s x kg/m^3], vpvs [ratio] of saturated rock.
+    """
+    k_dry, mu = friable_model_dry(
+        k_min, mu_min, phi, p_eff, phi_c, coord_num_func, n, shear_red
+    )
+
+    # Saturated rock incompressibility is calculated with Gassmann
+    k = std_functions.gassmann(k_dry, phi, k_fl, k_min)
+
+    # Bulk density
+    rhob = std_functions.rho_b(phi, rho_fl, rho_min)
+
+    vp, vs, ai, vpvs = std_functions.velocity(k, mu, rhob)
+
+    return vp, vs, rhob, ai, vpvs
+
+
+def friable_model_dry(k_min, mu_min, phi, p_eff, phi_c, coord_num_func, n, shear_red):
+    """
+    Dry rock version of friable sandstone model.
+
+    Mineral properties k_min, mu_min, are effective properties. For
+    mixtures of minerals, effective properties are calculated by
+    Hashin-Shtrikman or similar.
+
+    Effective pressure p_eff is normally calculated as differential
+    pressure, i.e. overburden pressure minus pore pressure.
+
+    Critical porosity phi_c is input to Hertz-Mindlin function. Coordination
+    number n is normally calculated from critical porosity, but it is
+    possible to  override this through coordNumFunc and parameter n.
+    Porosity phi is used in Hashin-Shtrikman mixing (together with phi_c).
+    Porosity values above the critical porosity are undefined and NaN is returned.
+
+    Shear reduction parameter shearRed is used to account for tangential
+    frictionless grain contacts.
+
+    All inputs are assumed to be vectors of the same length. Single parameters
+    are expanded to column vectors matching other inputs.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    k_min : np.ndarray
+        Mineral bulk modulus [Pa].
+    mu_min : np.ndarray
+        Mineral shear modulus [Pa].
+    phi : np.ndarray
+        Porosity [fraction].
+    p_eff : np.ndarray
+        Effective pressure [Pa].
+    phi_c : float
+        Critical porosity [fraction].
+    coord_num_func : str
+        Indication if coordination number should be calculated from porosity or kept constant.
+    n : float | None
+        Coordination number [unitless].
+    shear_red : float
+        Shear reduction factor [fraction].
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    tuple
+        k, mu : (np.ndarray, np.ndarray).
+        Bulk modulus k [Pa], shear modulus mu [Pa] of dry rock.
+    """
+    # Expand floats to arrays, check for equal length
+    phi, phi_c, shear_red, k_min, mu_min, p_eff = gen_utilities.dim_check_vector(
+        (phi, phi_c, shear_red, k_min, mu_min, p_eff)
+    )
+    # Valid porosity values are less or equal to the critical porosity
+    # Use filter_input_log to remove values that do not comply with this
+    (
+        idx_phi,
+        (phi, phi_c, shear_red, k_min, mu_min, p_eff, _),
+    ) = gen_utilities.filter_input_log(
+        (phi, phi_c, shear_red, k_min, mu_min, p_eff, phi_c - phi)
+    )
+
+    # Dry rock properties of high-porosity end member calculated with
+    # Hertz-Mindlin equation
+
+    # Override coordination number calculation based on porosity
+    if coord_num_func == "ConstVal":
+        k_hm, mu_hm = std_functions.hertz_mindlin(
+            k_min, mu_min, phi_c, p_eff, shear_red, n
+        )
+    else:
+        # Porosity based coordination number
+        k_hm, mu_hm = std_functions.hertz_mindlin(
+            k_min, mu_min, phi_c, p_eff, shear_red
+        )
+
+    # Hashin-Shtrikman lower bound describes the dry rock property mixing from
+    # mineral properties to high-end porosity.
+
+    # Fraction of solid
+    f1 = 1 - phi / phi_c
+
+    k_dry, mu = std_functions.hashin_shtrikman_walpole(
+        k_min, mu_min, k_hm, mu_hm, f1, bound="lower"
+    )
+
+    k_dry, mu = gen_utilities.filter_output(idx_phi, (k_dry, mu))
+
+    return k_dry, mu

rock_physics_open/sandstone_models/friable_optimisation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+import numpy as np
+
+from rock_physics_open.equinor_utilities import gen_utilities
+from rock_physics_open.equinor_utilities.optimisation_utilities import (
+    gen_opt_routine,
+    save_opt_params,
+)
+
+from .curvefit_sandstone_models import curvefit_friable
+
+
+def friable_model_optimisation(
+    k_min: np.ndarray,
+    mu_min: np.ndarray,
+    rho_min: np.ndarray,
+    k_fl: np.ndarray,
+    rho_fl: np.ndarray,
+    por: np.ndarray,
+    p_eff: np.ndarray,
+    vp: np.ndarray,
+    vs: np.ndarray,
+    rhob: np.ndarray,
+    file_out_str: str = "friable_model_optimal_params.pkl",
+    display_results: bool = False,
+    well_name: str = "Unknown well",
+):
+    """Patchy cement model with optimisation for a selection of parameters.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    k_min :
+        Cement bulk modulus [Pa].
+    mu_min :
+        Cement shear modulus [Pa].
+    rho_min :
+        Cement density [kg/m^3].
+    k_fl :
+        Fluid bulk modulus [Pa].
+    rho_fl :
+        Fluid density [kg/m^3].
+    por :
+        Inclusion porosity [ratio].
+    vp :
+        Compressional velocity log [m/s].
+    vs :
+        Shear velocity log [m/s].
+    rhob :
+        Bulk density log [kg/m^3].
+    p_eff :
+        Effective pressure log [Pa].
+    file_out_str :
+        Output file name (string) to store optimal parameters (pickle format).
+    display_results :
+        D isplay optimal parameters in a window after run.
+    well_name :
+        Name of well to be displayed in info box title.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    tuple
+        vp_mod, vs_mod, rho_mod, ai_mod, vpvs_mod - modelled logs, vp_res, vs_res, rho_res - residual logs.
+    """
+
+    # Skip hardcoded Vp/Vs ratio
+    def_vpvs = np.mean(vp / vs)
+    # Set weight to vs to give vp and vs similar influence on optimisation
+    y_data = np.stack([vp, vs * def_vpvs], axis=1)
+    # Optimisation function for selected parameters
+    opt_fun = curvefit_friable
+    # expand single value parameters to match logs length
+    por, def_vpvs = gen_utilities.dim_check_vector((por, def_vpvs))
+    x_data = np.stack(
+        (k_min, mu_min, rho_min, k_fl, rho_fl, por, p_eff, def_vpvs), axis=1
+    )
+
+    # Params: weight_k, weight_mu, shear_red, frac_cem
+    lower_bound = np.array(
+        [
+            0.35,  # phi_c
+            0.0,  # shear_red
+        ],
+        dtype=float,
+    )
+    upper_bound = np.array(
+        [
+            0.45,  # phi_c
+            1.0,  # shear_red
+        ],
+        dtype=float,
+    )
+
+    x0 = (upper_bound + lower_bound) / 2.0
+    # Optimisation step without fluid substitution
+    vel_mod, vel_res, opt_params = gen_opt_routine(
+        opt_fun, x_data, y_data, x0, lower_bound, upper_bound
+    )
+
+    # Reshape outputs and remove weight from vs
+    vp_mod, vs_mod = [arr.flatten() for arr in np.split(vel_mod, 2, axis=1)]
+    vp_res, vs_res = [arr.flatten() for arr in np.split(vel_res, 2, axis=1)]
+    vs_mod = vs_mod / def_vpvs
+    vs_res = vs_res / def_vpvs
+    vpvs_mod = vp_mod / vs_mod
+    # Calculate the modelled density
+    rhob_mod = rho_min * (1.0 - por) + por * rho_fl
+    ai_mod = vp_mod * rhob_mod
+    rhob_res = rhob_mod - rhob
+    # Save the optimal parameters
+    save_opt_params("friable", opt_params, file_out_str, well_name=well_name)
+    if display_results:
+        from rock_physics_open.t_matrix_models import opt_param_to_ascii
+
+        opt_param_to_ascii(file_out_str, well_name=well_name)
+
+    return vp_mod, vs_mod, rhob_mod, ai_mod, vpvs_mod, vp_res, vs_res, rhob_res