rasa-pro 3.9.18__py3-none-any.whl

rasa/core/processor.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1422 @@
+import inspect
+import copy
+import logging
+import structlog
+import os
+from pathlib import Path
+import tarfile
+import time
+from types import LambdaType
+from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional, TYPE_CHECKING, Text, Tuple, Union
+
+from rasa.core.actions.action_exceptions import ActionExecutionRejection
+from rasa.core.actions.forms import FormAction
+from rasa.core.http_interpreter import RasaNLUHttpInterpreter
+from rasa.dialogue_understanding.commands import (
+    Command,
+    NoopCommand,
+    SetSlotCommand,
+    CannotHandleCommand,
+)
+from rasa.engine import loader
+from rasa.engine.constants import (
+    PLACEHOLDER_MESSAGE,
+    PLACEHOLDER_TRACKER,
+    PLACEHOLDER_ENDPOINTS,
+)
+from rasa.engine.runner.dask import DaskGraphRunner
+from rasa.engine.storage.local_model_storage import LocalModelStorage
+from rasa.engine.storage.storage import ModelMetadata
+from rasa.model import get_latest_model
+from rasa.plugin import plugin_manager
+from rasa.shared.core.flows import FlowsList
+from rasa.shared.data import TrainingType, create_regex_pattern_reader
+import rasa.shared.utils.io
+import rasa.core.actions.action
+from rasa.core import jobs
+from rasa.core.actions.action import Action
+from rasa.core.channels.channel import (
+    CollectingOutputChannel,
+    OutputChannel,
+    UserMessage,
+)
+import rasa.core.utils
+from rasa.core.policies.policy import PolicyPrediction
+from rasa.engine.runner.interface import GraphRunner
+from rasa.exceptions import ActionLimitReached, ModelNotFound
+from rasa.shared.core.constants import (
+    ACTION_CORRECT_FLOW_SLOT,
+    USER_INTENT_RESTART,
+    ACTION_LISTEN_NAME,
+    ACTION_SESSION_START_NAME,
+    FOLLOWUP_ACTION,
+    SESSION_START_METADATA_SLOT,
+    ACTION_EXTRACT_SLOTS,
+)
+from rasa.shared.core.events import (
+    ActionExecutionRejected,
+    BotUttered,
+    Event,
+    ReminderCancelled,
+    ReminderScheduled,
+    SlotSet,
+    UserUttered,
+    ActionExecuted,
+)
+from rasa.shared.constants import (
+    ASSISTANT_ID_KEY,
+    DOCS_URL_DOMAINS,
+    DEFAULT_SENDER_ID,
+    ROUTE_TO_CALM_SLOT,
+    DOCS_URL_NLU_BASED_POLICIES,
+    UTTER_PREFIX,
+    RASA_PATTERN_CANNOT_HANDLE_INVALID_INTENT,
+)
+from rasa.core.nlg import NaturalLanguageGenerator
+from rasa.core.lock_store import LockStore
+from rasa.utils.common import TempDirectoryPath, get_temp_dir_name
+import rasa.core.tracker_store
+import rasa.core.actions.action
+import rasa.shared.core.trackers
+from rasa.shared.core.trackers import DialogueStateTracker, EventVerbosity
+from rasa.shared.nlu.constants import (
+    COMMANDS,
+    ENTITIES,
+    INTENT,
+    INTENT_NAME_KEY,
+    INTENT_RESPONSE_KEY,
+    PREDICTED_CONFIDENCE_KEY,
+    FULL_RETRIEVAL_INTENT_NAME_KEY,
+    RESPONSE_SELECTOR,
+    RESPONSE,
+    TEXT,
+)
+from rasa.shared.nlu.training_data.message import Message
+from rasa.utils.endpoints import EndpointConfig
+
+if TYPE_CHECKING:
+    from rasa.core.utils import AvailableEndpoints
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+structlogger = structlog.get_logger()
+
+MAX_NUMBER_OF_PREDICTIONS = int(os.environ.get("MAX_NUMBER_OF_PREDICTIONS", "10"))
+
+
+class MessageProcessor:
+    """The message processor is interface for communicating with a bot model."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        model_path: Union[Text, Path],
+        tracker_store: rasa.core.tracker_store.TrackerStore,
+        lock_store: LockStore,
+        generator: NaturalLanguageGenerator,
+        action_endpoint: Optional[EndpointConfig] = None,
+        max_number_of_predictions: int = MAX_NUMBER_OF_PREDICTIONS,
+        on_circuit_break: Optional[LambdaType] = None,
+        http_interpreter: Optional[RasaNLUHttpInterpreter] = None,
+        endpoints: Optional["AvailableEndpoints"] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Initializes a `MessageProcessor`."""
+        self.nlg = generator
+        self.tracker_store = tracker_store
+        self.lock_store = lock_store
+        self.max_number_of_predictions = max_number_of_predictions
+        self.on_circuit_break = on_circuit_break
+        self.action_endpoint = action_endpoint
+        self.model_filename, self.model_metadata, self.graph_runner = self._load_model(
+            model_path
+        )
+        self.endpoints = endpoints
+
+        if self.model_metadata.assistant_id is None:
+            rasa.shared.utils.io.raise_warning(
+                f"The model metadata does not contain a value for the "
+                f"'{ASSISTANT_ID_KEY}' attribute. Check that 'config.yml' "
+                f"file contains a value for the '{ASSISTANT_ID_KEY}' key "
+                f"and re-train the model. Failure to do so will result in "
+                f"streaming events without a unique assistant identifier.",
+                UserWarning,
+            )
+
+        self.model_path = Path(model_path)
+        self.domain = self.model_metadata.domain
+        self.http_interpreter = http_interpreter
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _load_model(
+        model_path: Union[Text, Path],
+    ) -> Tuple[Text, ModelMetadata, GraphRunner]:
+        """Unpacks a model from a given path using the graph model loader."""
+        try:
+            if os.path.isfile(model_path):
+                model_tar = model_path
+            else:
+                model_file_path = get_latest_model(model_path)
+                if not model_file_path:
+                    raise ModelNotFound(f"No model found at path '{model_path}'.")
+                model_tar = model_file_path
+        except TypeError:
+            raise ModelNotFound(f"Model {model_path} can not be loaded.")
+
+        logger.info(f"Loading model {model_tar}...")
+        with TempDirectoryPath(get_temp_dir_name()) as temporary_directory:
+            try:
+                metadata, runner = loader.load_predict_graph_runner(
+                    Path(temporary_directory),
+                    Path(model_tar),
+                    LocalModelStorage,
+                    DaskGraphRunner,
+                )
+                return os.path.basename(model_tar), metadata, runner
+            except tarfile.ReadError:
+                raise ModelNotFound(f"Model {model_path} can not be loaded.")
+
+    async def handle_message(
+        self, message: UserMessage
+    ) -> Optional[List[Dict[Text, Any]]]:
+        """Handle a single message with this processor."""
+        # preprocess message if necessary
+        tracker = await self.log_message(message, should_save_tracker=False)
+
+        if self.model_metadata.training_type == TrainingType.NLU:
+            await self.save_tracker(tracker)
+            rasa.shared.utils.io.raise_warning(
+                "No core model. Skipping action prediction and execution.",
+                docs=DOCS_URL_NLU_BASED_POLICIES,
+            )
+            return None
+
+        if not self.message_contains_commands(tracker.latest_message):
+            tracker = await self.run_action_extract_slots(
+                message.output_channel, tracker
+            )
+
+        await self._run_prediction_loop(message.output_channel, tracker)
+
+        await self.run_anonymization_pipeline(tracker)
+
+        await self.save_tracker(tracker)
+
+        if isinstance(message.output_channel, CollectingOutputChannel):
+            return message.output_channel.messages
+
+        return None
+
+    async def run_action_extract_slots(
+        self, output_channel: OutputChannel, tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> DialogueStateTracker:
+        """Run action to extract slots and update the tracker accordingly.
+
+        Args:
+            output_channel: Output channel associated with the incoming user message.
+            tracker: A tracker representing a conversation state.
+
+        Returns:
+            the given (updated) tracker
+        """
+        action_extract_slots = rasa.core.actions.action.action_for_name_or_text(
+            ACTION_EXTRACT_SLOTS, self.domain, self.action_endpoint
+        )
+        metadata = await self._add_flows_to_metadata()
+
+        extraction_events = await action_extract_slots.run(
+            output_channel, self.nlg, tracker, self.domain, metadata
+        )
+
+        await self._send_bot_messages(extraction_events, tracker, output_channel)
+
+        tracker.update_with_events(extraction_events)
+
+        structlogger.debug(
+            "processor.extract.slots",
+            action_extract_slot=ACTION_EXTRACT_SLOTS,
+            len_extraction_events=len(extraction_events),
+            rasa_events=copy.deepcopy(extraction_events),
+        )
+
+        return tracker
+
+    async def run_anonymization_pipeline(self, tracker: DialogueStateTracker) -> None:
+        """Run the anonymization pipeline on the new tracker events.
+
+        Args:
+            tracker: A tracker representing a conversation state.
+        """
+        anonymization_pipeline = plugin_manager().hook.get_anonymization_pipeline()
+        if anonymization_pipeline is None:
+            return None
+
+        old_tracker = await self.tracker_store.retrieve(tracker.sender_id)
+        new_events = rasa.shared.core.trackers.TrackerEventDiffEngine.event_difference(
+            old_tracker, tracker
+        )
+
+        for event in new_events:
+            body = {"sender_id": tracker.sender_id}
+            body.update(event.as_dict())
+            anonymization_pipeline.run(body)
+
+    async def predict_next_for_sender_id(
+        self, sender_id: Text
+    ) -> Optional[Dict[Text, Any]]:
+        """Predict the next action for the given sender_id.
+
+        Args:
+            sender_id: Conversation ID.
+
+        Returns:
+            The prediction for the next action. `None` if no domain or policies loaded.
+        """
+        tracker = await self.fetch_tracker_and_update_session(sender_id)
+        result = await self.predict_next_with_tracker(tracker)
+
+        # save tracker state to continue conversation from this state
+        await self.save_tracker(tracker)
+
+        return result
+
+    async def predict_next_with_tracker(
+        self,
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker,
+        verbosity: EventVerbosity = EventVerbosity.AFTER_RESTART,
+    ) -> Optional[Dict[Text, Any]]:
+        """Predict the next action for a given conversation state.
+
+        Args:
+            tracker: A tracker representing a conversation state.
+            verbosity: Verbosity for the returned conversation state.
+
+        Returns:
+            The prediction for the next action. `None` if no domain or policies loaded.
+        """
+        if self.model_metadata.training_type == TrainingType.NLU:
+            rasa.shared.utils.io.raise_warning(
+                "No core model. Skipping action prediction and execution.",
+                docs=DOCS_URL_NLU_BASED_POLICIES,
+            )
+            return None
+
+        prediction = await self._predict_next_with_tracker(tracker)
+
+        scores = [
+            {"action": a, "score": p}
+            for a, p in zip(self.domain.action_names_or_texts, prediction.probabilities)
+        ]
+        return {
+            "scores": scores,
+            "policy": prediction.policy_name,
+            "confidence": prediction.max_confidence,
+            "tracker": tracker.current_state(verbosity),
+        }
+
+    async def _update_tracker_session(
+        self,
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker,
+        output_channel: OutputChannel,
+        metadata: Optional[Dict] = None,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Check the current session in `tracker` and update it if expired.
+
+        An 'action_session_start' is run if the latest tracker session has expired,
+        or if the tracker does not yet contain any events (only those after the last
+        restart are considered).
+
+        Args:
+            metadata: Data sent from client associated with the incoming user message.
+            tracker: Tracker to inspect.
+            output_channel: Output channel for potential utterances in a custom
+                `ActionSessionStart`.
+        """
+        if not tracker.applied_events() or self._has_session_expired(tracker):
+            logger.debug(
+                f"Starting a new session for conversation ID '{tracker.sender_id}'."
+            )
+
+            action_session_start = self._get_action(ACTION_SESSION_START_NAME)
+
+            if metadata:
+                tracker.update(
+                    SlotSet(SESSION_START_METADATA_SLOT, metadata), self.domain
+                )
+
+            await self._run_action(
+                action=action_session_start,
+                tracker=tracker,
+                output_channel=output_channel,
+                nlg=self.nlg,
+                prediction=PolicyPrediction.for_action_name(
+                    self.domain, ACTION_SESSION_START_NAME
+                ),
+            )
+
+    async def fetch_tracker_and_update_session(
+        self,
+        sender_id: Text,
+        output_channel: Optional[OutputChannel] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[Dict] = None,
+    ) -> DialogueStateTracker:
+        """Fetches tracker for `sender_id` and updates its conversation session.
+
+        If a new tracker is created, `action_session_start` is run.
+
+        Args:
+            metadata: Data sent from client associated with the incoming user message.
+            output_channel: Output channel associated with the incoming user message.
+            sender_id: Conversation ID for which to fetch the tracker.
+
+        Returns:
+              Tracker for `sender_id`.
+        """
+        tracker = await self.get_tracker(sender_id)
+
+        await self._update_tracker_session(tracker, output_channel, metadata)
+
+        return tracker
+
+    async def fetch_tracker_with_initial_session(
+        self,
+        sender_id: Text,
+        output_channel: Optional[OutputChannel] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[Dict] = None,
+    ) -> DialogueStateTracker:
+        """Fetches tracker for `sender_id` and runs a session start on a new one.
+
+        Args:
+            metadata: Data sent from client associated with the incoming user message.
+            output_channel: Output channel associated with the incoming user message.
+            sender_id: Conversation ID for which to fetch the tracker.
+
+        Returns:
+              Tracker for `sender_id`.
+        """
+        tracker = await self.get_tracker(sender_id)
+
+        # run session start only if the tracker is empty
+        if not tracker.events:
+            await self._update_tracker_session(tracker, output_channel, metadata)
+
+        return tracker
+
+    async def get_tracker(self, conversation_id: Text) -> DialogueStateTracker:
+        """Get the tracker for a conversation.
+
+        In contrast to `fetch_tracker_and_update_session` this does not add any
+        `action_session_start` or `session_start` events at the beginning of a
+        conversation.
+
+        Args:
+            conversation_id: The ID of the conversation for which the history should be
+                retrieved.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tracker for the conversation. Creates an empty tracker in case it's a new
+            conversation.
+        """
+        conversation_id = conversation_id or DEFAULT_SENDER_ID
+
+        tracker = await self.tracker_store.get_or_create_tracker(
+            conversation_id, append_action_listen=False
+        )
+        tracker.model_id = self.model_metadata.model_id
+        if tracker.assistant_id is None:
+            tracker.assistant_id = self.model_metadata.assistant_id
+        return tracker
+
+    async def fetch_full_tracker_with_initial_session(
+        self,
+        conversation_id: Text,
+        output_channel: Optional[OutputChannel] = None,
+        metadata: Optional[Dict] = None,
+    ) -> DialogueStateTracker:
+        """Get the full tracker for a conversation, including events after a restart.
+
+        Args:
+            conversation_id: The ID of the conversation for which the history should be
+                retrieved.
+            output_channel: Output channel associated with the incoming user message.
+            metadata: Data sent from client associated with the incoming user message.
+
+        Returns:
+            Tracker for the conversation. Creates an empty tracker with a new session
+            initialized in case it's a new conversation.
+        """
+        conversation_id = conversation_id or DEFAULT_SENDER_ID
+
+        tracker = await self.tracker_store.get_or_create_full_tracker(
+            conversation_id, False
+        )
+        tracker.model_id = self.model_metadata.model_id
+
+        if tracker.assistant_id is None:
+            tracker.assistant_id = self.model_metadata.assistant_id
+
+        if not tracker.events:
+            await self._update_tracker_session(tracker, output_channel, metadata)
+
+        return tracker
+
+    async def get_trackers_for_all_conversation_sessions(
+        self, conversation_id: Text
+    ) -> List[DialogueStateTracker]:
+        """Fetches all trackers for a conversation.
+
+        Individual trackers are returned for each conversation session found
+        for `conversation_id`.
+
+        Args:
+            conversation_id: The ID of the conversation for which the trackers should
+                be retrieved.
+
+        Returns:
+            Trackers for the conversation.
+        """
+        conversation_id = conversation_id or DEFAULT_SENDER_ID
+
+        tracker = await self.tracker_store.retrieve_full_tracker(conversation_id)
+
+        return rasa.shared.core.trackers.get_trackers_for_conversation_sessions(tracker)
+
+    async def log_message(
+        self, message: UserMessage, should_save_tracker: bool = True
+    ) -> DialogueStateTracker:
+        """Log `message` on tracker belonging to the message's conversation_id.
+
+        Optionally save the tracker if `should_save_tracker` is `True`. Tracker saving
+        can be skipped if the tracker returned by this method is used for further
+        processing and saved at a later stage.
+        """
+        tracker = await self.fetch_tracker_and_update_session(
+            message.sender_id, message.output_channel, message.metadata
+        )
+
+        await self._handle_message_with_tracker(message, tracker)
+
+        if should_save_tracker:
+            await self.save_tracker(tracker)
+
+        return tracker
+
+    async def execute_action(
+        self,
+        sender_id: Text,
+        action_name: Text,
+        output_channel: OutputChannel,
+        nlg: NaturalLanguageGenerator,
+        prediction: PolicyPrediction,
+    ) -> Optional[DialogueStateTracker]:
+        """Execute an action for a conversation.
+
+        Note that this might lead to unexpected bot behavior. Rather use an intent
+        to execute certain behavior within a conversation (e.g. by using
+        `trigger_external_user_uttered`).
+
+        Args:
+            sender_id: The ID of the conversation.
+            action_name: The name of the action which should be executed.
+            output_channel: The output channel which should be used for bot responses.
+            nlg: The response generator.
+            prediction: The prediction for the action.
+
+        Returns:
+            The new conversation state. Note that the new state is also persisted.
+        """
+        # we have a Tracker instance for each user
+        # which maintains conversation state
+        tracker = await self.fetch_tracker_and_update_session(sender_id, output_channel)
+
+        action = self._get_action(action_name)
+        await self._run_action(action, tracker, output_channel, nlg, prediction)
+
+        # save tracker state to continue conversation from this state
+        await self.save_tracker(tracker)
+
+        return tracker
+
+    async def predict_next_with_tracker_if_should(
+        self, tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> Tuple[rasa.core.actions.action.Action, PolicyPrediction]:
+        """Predicts the next action the bot should take after seeing x.
+
+        This should be overwritten by more advanced policies to use
+        ML to predict the action.
+
+        Returns:
+             The index of the next action and prediction of the policy.
+
+        Raises:
+            ActionLimitReached if the limit of actions to predict has been reached.
+        """
+        should_predict_another_action = self.should_predict_another_action(
+            tracker.latest_action_name
+        )
+
+        if self.is_action_limit_reached(tracker, should_predict_another_action):
+            raise ActionLimitReached(
+                "The limit of actions to predict has been reached."
+            )
+
+        prediction = await self._predict_next_with_tracker(tracker)
+
+        action = rasa.core.actions.action.action_for_index(
+            prediction.max_confidence_index, self.domain, self.action_endpoint
+        )
+
+        logger.debug(
+            f"Predicted next action '{action.name()}' with confidence "
+            f"{prediction.max_confidence:.2f}."
+        )
+
+        return action, prediction
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _is_reminder(e: Event, name: Text) -> bool:
+        return isinstance(e, ReminderScheduled) and e.name == name
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _is_reminder_still_valid(
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker, reminder_event: ReminderScheduled
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Check if the conversation has been restarted after reminder."""
+        for e in reversed(tracker.applied_events()):
+            if MessageProcessor._is_reminder(e, reminder_event.name):
+                return True
+        return False  # not found in applied events --> has been restarted
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _has_message_after_reminder(
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker, reminder_event: ReminderScheduled
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Check if the user sent a message after the reminder."""
+        for e in reversed(tracker.events):
+            if MessageProcessor._is_reminder(e, reminder_event.name):
+                return False
+
+            if isinstance(e, UserUttered) and e.text:
+                return True
+
+        return True  # tracker has probably been restarted
+
+    async def handle_reminder(
+        self,
+        reminder_event: ReminderScheduled,
+        sender_id: Text,
+        output_channel: OutputChannel,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Handle a reminder that is triggered asynchronously."""
+        async with self.lock_store.lock(sender_id):
+            tracker = await self.fetch_tracker_and_update_session(
+                sender_id, output_channel
+            )
+
+            if (
+                reminder_event.kill_on_user_message
+                and self._has_message_after_reminder(tracker, reminder_event)
+                or not self._is_reminder_still_valid(tracker, reminder_event)
+            ):
+                logger.debug(
+                    f"Canceled reminder because it is outdated ({reminder_event})."
+                )
+            else:
+                intent = reminder_event.intent
+                entities: Union[List[Dict], Dict] = reminder_event.entities or {}
+                await self.trigger_external_user_uttered(
+                    intent, entities, tracker, output_channel
+                )
+
+    async def trigger_external_user_uttered(
+        self,
+        intent_name: Text,
+        entities: Optional[Union[List[Dict[Text, Any]], Dict[Text, Text]]],
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker,
+        output_channel: OutputChannel,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Triggers an external message.
+
+        Triggers an external message (like a user message, but invisible;
+        used, e.g., by a reminder or the trigger_intent endpoint).
+
+        Args:
+            intent_name: Name of the intent to be triggered.
+            entities: Entities to be passed on.
+            tracker: The tracker to which the event should be added.
+            output_channel: The output channel.
+        """
+        if isinstance(entities, list):
+            entity_list = entities
+        elif isinstance(entities, dict):
+            # Allow for a short-hand notation {"ent1": "val1", "ent2": "val2", ...}.
+            # Useful if properties like 'start', 'end', or 'extractor' are not given,
+            # e.g. for external events.
+            entity_list = [
+                {"entity": ent, "value": val} for ent, val in entities.items()
+            ]
+        elif not entities:
+            entity_list = []
+        else:
+            rasa.shared.utils.io.raise_warning(
+                f"Invalid entity specification: {entities}. Assuming no entities."
+            )
+            entity_list = []
+
+        # Set the new event's input channel to the latest input channel, so
+        # that we don't lose this property.
+        input_channel = tracker.get_latest_input_channel()
+
+        tracker.update(
+            UserUttered.create_external(intent_name, entity_list, input_channel),
+            self.domain,
+        )
+
+        tracker = await self.run_action_extract_slots(output_channel, tracker)
+
+        await self._run_prediction_loop(output_channel, tracker)
+        # save tracker state to continue conversation from this state
+        await self.save_tracker(tracker)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _log_slots(tracker: DialogueStateTracker) -> None:
+        # Log currently set slots
+        slots = {s.name: s.value for s in tracker.slots.values() if s.value is not None}
+
+        structlogger.debug("processor.slots.log", slots=slots)
+
+    def _check_for_unseen_features(self, parse_data: Dict[Text, Any]) -> None:
+        """Warns the user if the NLU parse data contains unrecognized features.
+
+        Checks intents and entities picked up by the NLU parsing
+        against the domain and warns the user of those that don't match.
+        Also considers a list of default intents that are valid but don't
+        need to be listed in the domain.
+
+        Args:
+            parse_data: Message parse data to check against the domain.
+        """
+        if not self.domain or self.domain.is_empty():
+            return
+
+        intent = parse_data["intent"][INTENT_NAME_KEY]
+        if intent and intent not in self.domain.intents:
+            rasa.shared.utils.io.raise_warning(
+                f"Parsed an intent '{intent}' "
+                f"which is not defined in the domain. "
+                f"Please make sure all intents are listed in the domain.",
+                docs=DOCS_URL_DOMAINS,
+            )
+
+        entities = parse_data["entities"] or []
+        for element in entities:
+            entity = element["entity"]
+            if entity and entity not in self.domain.entities:
+                rasa.shared.utils.io.raise_warning(
+                    f"Parsed an entity '{entity}' "
+                    f"which is not defined in the domain. "
+                    f"Please make sure all entities are listed in the domain.",
+                    docs=DOCS_URL_DOMAINS,
+                )
+
+    def _get_action(
+        self, action_name: Text
+    ) -> Optional[rasa.core.actions.action.Action]:
+        return rasa.core.actions.action.action_for_name_or_text(
+            action_name, self.domain, self.action_endpoint
+        )
+
+    async def parse_message(
+        self,
+        message: UserMessage,
+        tracker: Optional[DialogueStateTracker] = None,
+        only_output_properties: bool = True,
+    ) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+        """Interprets the passed message.
+
+        Args:
+            message: Message to handle.
+            tracker: Tracker to use.
+            only_output_properties: If `True`, restrict the output to
+                Message.only_output_properties.
+
+        Returns:
+            Parsed data extracted from the message.
+        """
+        if self.http_interpreter:
+            parse_data = await self.http_interpreter.parse(message)
+        else:
+            regex_reader = create_regex_pattern_reader(message, self.domain)
+
+            processed_message = Message({TEXT: message.text})
+            if regex_reader:
+                processed_message = regex_reader.unpack_regex_message(
+                    message=processed_message, domain=self.domain
+                )
+
+            # Invalid use of slash syntax
+            if (
+                processed_message.starts_with_slash_syntax()
+                and not processed_message.has_intent()
+                and not processed_message.has_commands()
+            ):
+                parse_data = self._parse_invalid_use_of_slash_syntax(
+                    processed_message, tracker, only_output_properties
+                )
+
+            # Intent or commands are not explicitly present. Pass message to graph.
+            elif not (
+                processed_message.has_intent() or processed_message.has_commands()
+            ):
+                parse_data = await self._parse_message_with_graph(
+                    message, tracker, only_output_properties
+                )
+
+            # Intents or commands are presents. Bypasses the standard parsing
+            # pipeline.
+            else:
+                parse_data = await self._parse_message_with_commands_and_intents(
+                    processed_message, tracker, only_output_properties
+                )
+
+        self._update_full_retrieval_intent(parse_data)
+        structlogger.debug(
+            "processor.message.parse",
+            parse_data_text=copy.deepcopy(parse_data["text"]),
+            parse_data_intent=parse_data["intent"],
+            parse_data_entities=copy.deepcopy(parse_data["entities"]),
+        )
+
+        self._check_for_unseen_features(parse_data)
+
+        return parse_data
+
+    def _parse_invalid_use_of_slash_syntax(
+        self,
+        message: Message,
+        tracker: Optional[DialogueStateTracker] = None,
+        only_output_properties: bool = True,
+    ) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+        structlogger.warning(
+            "processor.message.parse.invalid_use_of_slash_syntax",
+            event_info=(
+                "Message starts with '/', but no intents or commands are"
+                "passed. Returning CannotHandleCommand() as a fallback."
+            ),
+            message=message.get(TEXT),
+        )
+        parse_data: Dict[Text, Any] = {
+            TEXT: "",
+            INTENT: {INTENT_NAME_KEY: None, PREDICTED_CONFIDENCE_KEY: 0.0},
+            ENTITIES: [],
+        }
+        parse_data.update(
+            message.as_dict(only_output_properties=only_output_properties)
+        )
+        commands = parse_data.get(COMMANDS, [])
+        commands += [
+            CannotHandleCommand(RASA_PATTERN_CANNOT_HANDLE_INVALID_INTENT).as_dict()
+        ]
+
+        if (
+            tracker is not None
+            and tracker.has_coexistence_routing_slot
+            and tracker.get_slot(ROUTE_TO_CALM_SLOT) is None
+        ):
+            # if we are currently not routing to either CALM or dm1
+            # we make a sticky routing to CALM
+            commands += [SetSlotCommand(ROUTE_TO_CALM_SLOT, True).as_dict()]
+
+        parse_data[COMMANDS] = commands
+        return parse_data
+
+    async def _parse_message_with_commands_and_intents(
+        self,
+        message: Message,
+        tracker: Optional[DialogueStateTracker] = None,
+        only_output_properties: bool = True,
+    ) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+        """Parses the message to handle commands or intent trigger."""
+        parse_data: Dict[Text, Any] = {
+            TEXT: "",
+            INTENT: {INTENT_NAME_KEY: None, PREDICTED_CONFIDENCE_KEY: 0.0},
+            ENTITIES: [],
+        }
+        parse_data.update(
+            message.as_dict(only_output_properties=only_output_properties)
+        )
+
+        commands = parse_data.get(COMMANDS, [])
+
+        # add commands from intent payloads
+        if tracker and not commands:
+            nlu_adapted_commands = await self._nlu_to_commands(parse_data, tracker)
+            commands += nlu_adapted_commands
+
+            if (
+                tracker.has_coexistence_routing_slot
+                and tracker.get_slot(ROUTE_TO_CALM_SLOT) is None
+            ):
+                # if we are currently not routing to either CALM or dm1
+                # we make a sticky routing to CALM if there are any commands
+                # from the trigger intent parsing
+                # or a sticky routing to dm1 if there are no commands
+                commands += [
+                    SetSlotCommand(
+                        ROUTE_TO_CALM_SLOT, len(nlu_adapted_commands) > 0
+                    ).as_dict()
+                ]
+
+        parse_data[COMMANDS] = commands
+        return parse_data
+
+    def _update_full_retrieval_intent(self, parse_data: Dict[Text, Any]) -> None:
+        """Update the parse data with the full retrieval intent.
+
+        Args:
+            parse_data: Message parse data to update.
+        """
+        intent_name = parse_data.get(INTENT, {}).get(INTENT_NAME_KEY)
+        response_selector = parse_data.get(RESPONSE_SELECTOR, {})
+        all_retrieval_intents = response_selector.get("all_retrieval_intents", [])
+        if intent_name and intent_name in all_retrieval_intents:
+            retrieval_intent = (
+                response_selector.get(intent_name, {})
+                .get(RESPONSE, {})
+                .get(INTENT_RESPONSE_KEY)
+            )
+            parse_data[INTENT][FULL_RETRIEVAL_INTENT_NAME_KEY] = retrieval_intent
+
+    async def _nlu_to_commands(
+        self, parse_data: Dict[str, Any], tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> List[Dict[str, Any]]:
+        """Converts the NLU parse data to commands using the adaptor.
+
+        This is used if we receive intents/entities directly using `/intent{...}`
+        syntax. In this case, the nlu graph is not run. Therefore, we need to
+        convert the parse data to commands outside the graph.
+        """
+        from rasa.dialogue_understanding.generator.nlu_command_adapter import (
+            NLUCommandAdapter,
+        )
+
+        commands = NLUCommandAdapter.convert_nlu_to_commands(
+            Message(parse_data), tracker, await self.get_flows(), self.domain
+        )
+
+        # if there are no converted commands and parsed data contains invalid intent
+        # add CannotHandleCommand as fallback
+        if len(commands) == 0 and self._contains_undefined_intent(Message(parse_data)):
+            structlogger.warning(
+                "processor.message.nlu_to_commands.invalid_intent",
+                event_info=(
+                    f"No NLU commands converted and parsed data contains"
+                    f"invalid intent: {parse_data[INTENT]['name']}. "
+                    f"Returning CannotHandleCommand() as a fallback."
+                ),
+                invalid_intent=parse_data[INTENT]["name"],
+            )
+            commands.append(
+                CannotHandleCommand(RASA_PATTERN_CANNOT_HANDLE_INVALID_INTENT)
+            )
+
+        return [command.as_dict() for command in commands]
+
+    def _contains_undefined_intent(self, message: Message) -> bool:
+        """Checks if the message contains an intent that is undefined
+        in the domain.
+        """
+        intent_name = message.get(INTENT, {}).get("name")
+        return intent_name is not None and intent_name not in self.domain.intents
+
+    async def _parse_message_with_graph(
+        self,
+        message: UserMessage,
+        tracker: Optional[DialogueStateTracker] = None,
+        only_output_properties: bool = True,
+    ) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+        """Interprets the passed message.
+
+        Arguments:
+            message: Message to handle
+            tracker: Tracker to use
+            only_output_properties: If `True`, restrict the output to
+                Message.only_output_properties.
+
+        Returns:
+            Parsed data extracted from the message.
+        """
+        results = await self.graph_runner.run(
+            inputs={PLACEHOLDER_MESSAGE: [message], PLACEHOLDER_TRACKER: tracker},
+            targets=[self.model_metadata.nlu_target],
+        )
+        parsed_messages = results[self.model_metadata.nlu_target]
+        parsed_message = parsed_messages[0]
+        parse_data = {
+            TEXT: "",
+            INTENT: {INTENT_NAME_KEY: None, PREDICTED_CONFIDENCE_KEY: 0.0},
+            ENTITIES: [],
+            COMMANDS: [],
+        }
+        parse_data.update(
+            parsed_message.as_dict(only_output_properties=only_output_properties)
+        )
+        return parse_data
+
+    async def _handle_message_with_tracker(
+        self, message: UserMessage, tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> None:
+        if message.parse_data:
+            parse_data = message.parse_data
+        else:
+            parse_data = await self.parse_message(message, tracker)
+
+        # don't ever directly mutate the tracker
+        # - instead pass its events to log
+        tracker.update(
+            UserUttered(
+                message.text,
+                parse_data["intent"],
+                parse_data["entities"],
+                parse_data,
+                input_channel=message.input_channel,
+                message_id=message.message_id,
+                metadata=message.metadata,
+            ),
+            self.domain,
+        )
+
+        if parse_data["entities"]:
+            self._log_slots(tracker)
+
+        logger.debug(
+            f"Logged UserUtterance - tracker now has {len(tracker.events)} events."
+        )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _should_handle_message(tracker: DialogueStateTracker) -> bool:
+        return not tracker.is_paused() or (
+            tracker.latest_message is not None
+            and tracker.latest_message.intent.get(INTENT_NAME_KEY)
+            == USER_INTENT_RESTART
+        )
+
+    def _tracker_state_specific_action_limit(
+        self, tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> int:
+        """Select the action limit based on the tracker state.
+
+        Usually, we want to limit the number of predictions to the number of actions
+        that have been executed in the conversation so far. However, if the
+        conversation is currently in a state where the user is correcting the flow
+        we want to allow for more predictions to be made as we might be traversing
+        through a long flow.
+
+        Args:
+            tracker: instance of DialogueStateTracker.
+
+        Returns:
+        The maximum number of predictions to make.
+        """
+        reversed_events = list(tracker.events)[::-1]
+        is_conversation_in_flow_correction = False
+        for e in reversed_events:
+            if isinstance(e, ActionExecuted):
+                if e.action_name in (ACTION_LISTEN_NAME, ACTION_SESSION_START_NAME):
+                    break
+                elif e.action_name == ACTION_CORRECT_FLOW_SLOT:
+                    is_conversation_in_flow_correction = True
+                    break
+
+        if is_conversation_in_flow_correction:
+            # allow for more predictions to be made as we might be traversing through
+            # a long flow. We multiply the number of predictions by 10 to allow for
+            # more predictions to be made - the factor is a best guess.
+            return self.max_number_of_predictions * 5
+        return self.max_number_of_predictions
+
+    def is_action_limit_reached(
+        self, tracker: DialogueStateTracker, should_predict_another_action: bool
+    ) -> bool:
+        """Check whether the maximum number of predictions has been met.
+
+        Args:
+            tracker: instance of DialogueStateTracker.
+            should_predict_another_action: Whether the last executed action allows
+            for more actions to be predicted or not.
+
+        Returns:
+            `True` if the limit of actions to predict has been reached.
+        """
+        reversed_events = list(tracker.events)[::-1]
+        num_predicted_actions = 0
+        state_specific_action_limit = self._tracker_state_specific_action_limit(tracker)
+
+        for e in reversed_events:
+            if isinstance(e, ActionExecuted):
+                if e.action_name in (ACTION_LISTEN_NAME, ACTION_SESSION_START_NAME):
+                    break
+                num_predicted_actions += 1
+
+        return (
+            num_predicted_actions >= state_specific_action_limit
+            and should_predict_another_action
+        )
+
+    async def _run_prediction_loop(
+        self, output_channel: OutputChannel, tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> None:
+        # keep taking actions decided by the policy until it chooses to 'listen'
+        should_predict_another_action = True
+
+        tracker = await self.run_command_processor(tracker)
+
+        # action loop. predicts actions until we hit action listen
+        while should_predict_another_action and self._should_handle_message(tracker):
+            # this actually just calls the policy's method by the same name
+            try:
+                action, prediction = await self.predict_next_with_tracker_if_should(
+                    tracker
+                )
+            except ActionLimitReached:
+                logger.warning(
+                    "Circuit breaker tripped. Stopped predicting "
+                    f"more actions for sender '{tracker.sender_id}'."
+                )
+                if self.on_circuit_break:
+                    # call a registered callback
+                    self.on_circuit_break(tracker, output_channel, self.nlg)
+                break
+
+            if prediction.is_end_to_end_prediction:
+                logger.debug(
+                    f"An end-to-end prediction was made which has triggered the 2nd "
+                    f"execution of the default action '{ACTION_EXTRACT_SLOTS}'."
+                )
+                tracker = await self.run_action_extract_slots(output_channel, tracker)
+
+            should_predict_another_action = await self._run_action(
+                action, tracker, output_channel, self.nlg, prediction
+            )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def should_predict_another_action(action_name: Text) -> bool:
+        """Determine whether the processor should predict another action.
+
+        Args:
+            action_name: Name of the latest executed action.
+
+        Returns:
+            `False` if `action_name` is `ACTION_LISTEN_NAME` or
+            `ACTION_SESSION_START_NAME`, otherwise `True`.
+        """
+        return action_name not in (ACTION_LISTEN_NAME, ACTION_SESSION_START_NAME)
+
+    async def execute_side_effects(
+        self,
+        events: List[Event],
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker,
+        output_channel: Optional[OutputChannel],
+    ) -> None:
+        """Attach tracker, send bot messages, schedule and cancel reminders."""
+        if output_channel:
+            output_channel.attach_tracker_state(tracker)
+        await self._send_bot_messages(events, tracker, output_channel)
+        await self._schedule_reminders(events, tracker, output_channel)
+        await self._cancel_reminders(events, tracker)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def _send_bot_messages(
+        events: List[Event],
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker,
+        output_channel: OutputChannel,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Send all the bot messages that are logged in the events array."""
+        for e in events:
+            if not isinstance(e, BotUttered):
+                continue
+
+            await output_channel.send_response(tracker.sender_id, e.message())
+
+    async def _schedule_reminders(
+        self,
+        events: List[Event],
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker,
+        output_channel: OutputChannel,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Uses the scheduler to time a job to trigger the passed reminder.
+
+        Reminders with the same `id` property will overwrite one another
+        (i.e. only one of them will eventually run).
+        """
+        for e in events:
+            if not isinstance(e, ReminderScheduled):
+                continue
+
+            (await jobs.scheduler()).add_job(
+                self.handle_reminder,
+                "date",
+                run_date=e.trigger_date_time,
+                args=[e, tracker.sender_id, output_channel],
+                id=e.name,
+                replace_existing=True,
+                name=e.scheduled_job_name(tracker.sender_id),
+            )
+
+    @staticmethod
+    async def _cancel_reminders(
+        events: List[Event], tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> None:
+        """Cancel reminders that match the `ReminderCancelled` event."""
+        # All Reminders specified by ReminderCancelled events will be cancelled
+        for event in events:
+            if isinstance(event, ReminderCancelled):
+                scheduler = await jobs.scheduler()
+                for scheduled_job in scheduler.get_jobs():
+                    if event.cancels_job_with_name(
+                        scheduled_job.name, tracker.sender_id
+                    ):
+                        scheduler.remove_job(scheduled_job.id)
+
+    async def run_command_processor(
+        self, tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> DialogueStateTracker:
+        """Run the command processor to apply commands to the stack.
+
+        The command processor applies all the commands from the NLU pipeline to the
+        dialogue stack. The dialogue stack then acts as base for decision making for
+        the policies that can use it.
+
+        Args:
+            tracker: the dialogue state tracker
+
+        Returns:
+        An updated tracker after commands have been applied
+        """
+        target = "command_processor"
+        results = await self.graph_runner.run(
+            inputs={PLACEHOLDER_TRACKER: tracker.copy()}, targets=[target]
+        )
+        events = results[target]
+        tracker.update_with_events(events)
+        return tracker
+
+    async def get_flows(self) -> FlowsList:
+        """Get the list of flows from the graph."""
+        target = "flows_provider"
+        results = await self.graph_runner.run(inputs={}, targets=[target])
+        return results[target]
+
+    async def _add_flows_to_metadata(self) -> Dict[Text, Any]:
+        """Convert the flows to metadata."""
+        flows = await self.get_flows()
+        flows_metadata = {}
+        for flow in flows.underlying_flows:
+            flow_as_json = flow.as_json()
+            flow_as_json.pop("id")
+            flows_metadata[flow.id] = flow_as_json
+
+        return {"all_flows": flows_metadata}
+
+    async def _run_action(
+        self,
+        action: rasa.core.actions.action.Action,
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker,
+        output_channel: OutputChannel,
+        nlg: NaturalLanguageGenerator,
+        prediction: PolicyPrediction,
+    ) -> bool:
+        # events and return values are used to update
+        # the tracker state after an action has been taken
+        try:
+            # Use temporary tracker as we might need to discard the policy events in
+            # case of a rejection.
+            temporary_tracker = tracker.copy()
+            temporary_tracker.update_with_events(prediction.events)
+
+            run_args = inspect.getfullargspec(action.run).args
+            if "metadata" in run_args:
+                metadata: Optional[Dict] = prediction.action_metadata
+
+                if isinstance(action, FormAction):
+                    flows_metadata = await self._add_flows_to_metadata()
+                    metadata = prediction.action_metadata or {}
+                    metadata.update(flows_metadata)
+
+                events = await action.run(
+                    output_channel,
+                    nlg,
+                    temporary_tracker,
+                    self.domain,
+                    metadata=metadata,
+                )
+            else:
+                events = await action.run(
+                    output_channel, nlg, temporary_tracker, self.domain
+                )
+        except ActionExecutionRejection:
+            events = [
+                ActionExecutionRejected(
+                    action.name(), prediction.policy_name, prediction.max_confidence
+                )
+            ]
+            tracker.update(events[0])
+            return self.should_predict_another_action(action.name())
+        except Exception:
+            structlogger.exception(
+                "rasa.core.processor.run_action.exception",
+                event_info=f"Encountered an exception while "
+                f"running action '{action.name()}'."
+                f"Bot will continue, but the actions events are lost. "
+                f"Please check the logs of your action server for "
+                f"more information.",
+            )
+            events = []
+
+        self._log_action_on_tracker(tracker, action, events, prediction)
+
+        if any(isinstance(e, UserUttered) for e in events):
+            logger.debug(
+                f"A `UserUttered` event was returned by executing "
+                f"action '{action.name()}'. This will run the default action "
+                f"'{ACTION_EXTRACT_SLOTS}'."
+            )
+            tracker = await self.run_action_extract_slots(output_channel, tracker)
+
+        if action.name() != ACTION_LISTEN_NAME and not action.name().startswith(
+            UTTER_PREFIX
+        ):
+            self._log_slots(tracker)
+
+        await self.execute_side_effects(events, tracker, output_channel)
+
+        return self.should_predict_another_action(action.name())
+
+    def _log_action_on_tracker(
+        self,
+        tracker: DialogueStateTracker,
+        action: Action,
+        events: Optional[List[Event]],
+        prediction: PolicyPrediction,
+    ) -> None:
+        # Ensures that the code still works even if a lazy programmer missed
+        # to type `return []` at the end of an action or the run method
+        # returns `None` for some other reason.
+        if events is None:
+            events = []
+
+        action_was_rejected_manually = any(
+            isinstance(event, ActionExecutionRejected) for event in events
+        )
+        if not action_was_rejected_manually:
+            structlogger.debug(
+                "processor.actions.policy_prediction",
+                prediction_events=copy.deepcopy(prediction.events),
+                policy_name=prediction.policy_name,
+                action_name=action.name(),
+            )
+            tracker.update_with_events(prediction.events)
+
+            # log the action and its produced events
+            tracker.update(action.event_for_successful_execution(prediction))
+
+        structlogger.debug(
+            "processor.actions.log",
+            action_name=action.name(),
+            rasa_events=copy.deepcopy(events),
+        )
+        tracker.update_with_events(events)
+
+    def _has_session_expired(self, tracker: DialogueStateTracker) -> bool:
+        """Determine whether the latest session in `tracker` has expired.
+
+        Args:
+            tracker: Tracker to inspect.
+
+        Returns:
+            `True` if the session in `tracker` has expired, `False` otherwise.
+        """
+        if not self.domain.session_config.are_sessions_enabled():
+            # tracker has never expired if sessions are disabled
+            return False
+
+        user_uttered_event: Optional[UserUttered] = tracker.get_last_event_for(
+            UserUttered
+        )
+
+        if not user_uttered_event:
+            # there is no user event so far so the session should not be considered
+            # expired
+            return False
+
+        time_delta_in_seconds = time.time() - user_uttered_event.timestamp
+        has_expired = (
+            time_delta_in_seconds / 60
+            > self.domain.session_config.session_expiration_time
+        )
+        if has_expired:
+            logger.debug(
+                f"The latest session for conversation ID '{tracker.sender_id}' has "
+                f"expired."
+            )
+
+        return has_expired
+
+    async def save_tracker(self, tracker: DialogueStateTracker) -> None:
+        """Save the given tracker to the tracker store.
+
+        Args:
+            tracker: Tracker to be saved.
+        """
+        await self.tracker_store.save(tracker)
+
+    async def _predict_next_with_tracker(
+        self, tracker: DialogueStateTracker
+    ) -> PolicyPrediction:
+        """Collect predictions from ensemble and return action and predictions."""
+        followup_action = tracker.followup_action
+        if followup_action:
+            tracker.clear_followup_action()
+            if followup_action in self.domain.action_names_or_texts:
+                prediction = PolicyPrediction.for_action_name(
+                    self.domain, followup_action, FOLLOWUP_ACTION
+                )
+                return prediction
+
+            logger.error(
+                f"Trying to run unknown follow-up action '{followup_action}'. "
+                "Instead of running that, Rasa Pro will ignore the action "
+                "and predict the next action."
+            )
+
+        target = self.model_metadata.core_target
+        if not target:
+            raise ValueError("Cannot predict next action if there is no core target.")
+
+        results = await self.graph_runner.run(
+            inputs={
+                PLACEHOLDER_TRACKER: tracker,
+                PLACEHOLDER_ENDPOINTS: self.endpoints,
+            },
+            targets=[target],
+        )
+        policy_prediction = results[target]
+        return policy_prediction
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def message_contains_commands(latest_message: Optional[UserUttered]) -> bool:
+        """Check if the latest message contains commands."""
+        if latest_message is None:
+            return False
+
+        commands = [
+            Command.command_from_json(command) for command in latest_message.commands
+        ]
+        filtered_commands = [
+            command
+            for command in commands
+            if not (
+                isinstance(command, SetSlotCommand)
+                and command.name == ROUTE_TO_CALM_SLOT
+            )
+            and not isinstance(command, NoopCommand)
+        ]
+
+        return len(filtered_commands) > 0