passagemath-standard-no-symbolics 10.6.45__cp313-cp313-macosx_13_0_arm64.whl

sage/logic/logic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,856 @@
+r"""
+Symbolic Logic Expressions
+
+An expression is created from a string that consists of the
+operators ``!``, ``&``, ``|``, ``->``, ``<->``, which correspond to the
+logical functions not, and, or, if then, if and only if, respectively.
+Variable names must start with a letter and contain only
+alpha-numerics and the underscore character.
+
+AUTHORS:
+
+- Chris Gorecki (2007): initial version
+
+- William Stein (2007-08-31): integration into Sage 2.8.4
+
+- Paul Scurek (2013-08-03): updated docstring formatting
+"""
+# ****************************************************************************
+#       Copyright (C) 2007 Chris Gorecki <chris.k.gorecki@gmail.com>
+#       Copyright (C) 2007 William Stein <wstein@gmail.com>
+#       Copyright (C) 2013 Paul Scurek <scurek86@gmail.com>
+#
+#  Distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL)
+#  as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of
+#  the License, or (at your option) any later version.
+#                  https://www.gnu.org/licenses/
+# ****************************************************************************
+
+import string
+
+# constants
+tok_list = ['OPAREN', 'CPAREN', 'AND', 'OR', 'NOT', 'IFTHEN', 'IFF']
+bin_list = ['AND', 'OR', 'IFTHEN', 'IFF']
+operators = '()&|!<->'
+# variables
+vars = {}
+vars_order = []
+
+
+class SymbolicLogic:
+    """
+    EXAMPLES:
+
+    This example illustrates how to create a boolean formula and print
+    its table::
+
+        sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+        sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!(c|a)")
+        sage: t = log.truthtable(s)
+        sage: log.print_table(t)
+        a     | b     | c     | value |
+        --------------------------------
+        False | False | False | True  |
+        False | False | True  | False |
+        False | True  | False | True  |
+        False | True  | True  | False |
+        True  | False | False | False |
+        True  | False | True  | False |
+        True  | True  | False | True  |
+        True  | True  | True  | True  |
+    """
+    def statement(self, s):
+        r"""
+        Return a token list to be used by other functions in the class.
+
+        INPUT:
+
+        - ``s`` -- string containing the logic expression to be manipulated
+
+        - ``global vars`` -- dictionary with variable names as keys and the
+          variables' current boolean values as dictionary values
+
+        - ``global vars_order`` -- list of the variables in the order
+          that they are found
+
+        OUTPUT: list of length three containing the following in this order:
+
+        1. a list of tokens
+        2. a dictionary of variable/value pairs
+        3. a list of the variables in the order they were found
+
+        EXAMPLES:
+
+        This example illustrates the creation of a statement::
+
+            sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+            sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!(c|a)")
+            sage: s2 = log.statement("!((!(a&b)))")
+
+        It is an error to use invalid variable names::
+
+            sage: s = log.statement("3fe & @q")
+            Invalid variable name:  3fe
+            Invalid variable name:  @q
+
+        It is also an error to use invalid syntax::
+
+            sage: s = log.statement("a&&b")
+            Malformed Statement
+            sage: s = log.statement("a&((b)")
+            Malformed Statement
+        """
+        global vars, vars_order
+        toks, vars, vars_order = ['OPAREN'], {}, []
+        tokenize(s, toks)
+        statement = [toks, vars, vars_order]
+        try:                # verify the syntax
+            eval(toks)
+        except (KeyError, RuntimeError):
+            print('Malformed Statement')
+            return []
+        return statement
+
+    def truthtable(self, statement, start=0, end=-1):
+        r"""
+        Return a truth table.
+
+        INPUT:
+
+        - ``statement`` -- list; it contains the tokens and the two global
+          variables vars and vars_order
+
+        - ``start`` -- integer (default: 0); this represents the row of
+          the truth table from which to start
+
+        - ``end`` -- integer (default: -1); this represents the last row
+          of the truth table to be created
+
+        OUTPUT:
+
+        The truth table as a 2d array with the creating formula tacked
+        to the front.
+
+        EXAMPLES:
+
+        This example illustrates the creation of a statement::
+
+            sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+            sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!(c|a)")
+            sage: t = log.truthtable(s) #creates the whole truth table
+
+        We can now create truthtable of rows 1 to 5::
+
+            sage: s2 = log.truthtable(s, 1, 5); s2
+            [[['OPAREN',
+               'a',
+               'AND',
+               'b',
+               'OR',
+               'NOT',
+               'OPAREN',
+               'c',
+               'OR',
+               'a',
+               'CPAREN',
+               'CPAREN'],
+              {'a': 'True', 'b': 'False', 'c': 'False'},
+              ['a', 'b', 'c']],
+             ['False', 'False', 'True', 'False'],
+             ['False', 'True', 'False', 'True'],
+             ['False', 'True', 'True', 'False'],
+             ['True', 'False', 'False', 'False']]
+
+        .. NOTE::
+
+            When sent with no start or end parameters this is an
+            exponential time function requiring `O(2^n)` time, where
+            `n` is the number of variables in the logic expression
+
+        TESTS:
+
+        Verify that :issue:`32676` is fixed::
+
+            sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!(c|a)")
+            sage: copy_s2 = copy(s[2])
+            sage: t = log.truthtable(s)
+            sage: s[2] == copy_s2
+            True
+        """
+        global vars, vars_order
+        toks, vars, vars_order = statement
+        if end == -1:
+            end = 2 ** len(vars)
+        table = [statement]
+        keys = vars_order
+        for i in range(start, end):
+            j = 0
+            row = []
+            for key in reversed(keys):
+                bit = get_bit(i, j)
+                vars[key] = bit
+                j += 1
+                row.insert(0, bit)
+            row.append(eval(toks))
+            table.append(row)
+        return table
+
+    def print_table(self, table):
+        r"""
+        Return a truthtable corresponding to the given statement.
+
+        INPUT:
+
+        - ``table`` -- object created by :meth:`truthtable()` method; it
+          contains the variable values and the evaluation of the statement
+
+        OUTPUT: a formatted version of the truth table
+
+        EXAMPLES:
+
+        This example illustrates the creation of a statement and
+        its truth table::
+
+            sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+            sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!(c|a)")
+            sage: t = log.truthtable(s) #creates the whole truth table
+            sage: log.print_table(t)
+            a     | b     | c     | value |
+            --------------------------------
+            False | False | False | True  |
+            False | False | True  | False |
+            False | True  | False | True  |
+            False | True  | True  | False |
+            True  | False | False | False |
+            True  | False | True  | False |
+            True  | True  | False | True  |
+            True  | True  | True  | True  |
+
+        We can also print a shortened table::
+
+            sage: t = log.truthtable(s, 1, 5)
+            sage: log.print_table(t)
+            a     | b     | c     | value |
+            --------------------------------
+            False | False | True  | False |
+            False | True  | False | True  |
+            False | True  | True  | False |
+            True  | False | False | False |
+
+        TESTS:
+
+        Verify that :issue:`32676` is fixed::
+
+            sage: table = log.truthtable(log.statement("A->B"))
+            sage: table_copy = table.copy()
+            sage: log.print_table(table)
+            ...
+            sage: table_copy == table
+            True
+        """
+        statement = table[0]
+        table = table[1:]
+        vars_order = statement[2].copy()
+        vars_len = []
+        line = s = ""
+        vars_order.append('value')
+        for var in vars_order:
+            vars_len.append(len(var))
+            s = var + ' '
+            while len(s) < len('False '):
+                s += ' '
+            s += '| '
+            line += s
+        print(line)
+        print(len(line) * '-')
+        for row in table:
+            line = s = ""
+            i = 0
+            for e in row:
+                j = 2 if e == 'True' else 1
+                s = e + ' ' * j
+                if i < len(vars_len):
+                    while len(s) <= vars_len[i]:
+                        s += ' '
+                s += '| '
+                line += s
+                i += 1
+            print(line)
+        print("")
+
+    def combine(self, statement1, statement2):
+        r"""
+        Return a new statement which contains the
+        two statements or'd together.
+
+        INPUT:
+
+        - ``statement1`` -- the first statement
+        - ``statement2`` -- the second statement
+
+        OUTPUT: a new statement which or'd the given statements together
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+            sage: s1 = log.statement("(a&b)")
+            sage: s2 = log.statement("b")
+            sage: log.combine(s1,s2)
+            [['OPAREN',
+              'OPAREN',
+              'OPAREN',
+              'a',
+              'AND',
+              'b',
+              'CPAREN',
+              'CPAREN',
+              'OR',
+              'OPAREN',
+              'b',
+              'CPAREN',
+              'CPAREN'],
+             {'a': 'False', 'b': 'False'},
+             ['a', 'b', 'b']]
+        """
+        toks = ['OPAREN'] + statement1[0] + ['OR'] + statement2[0] + ['CPAREN']
+        variables = dict(statement1[1])
+        variables.update(statement2[1])
+        var_order = statement1[2] + statement2[2]
+        return [toks, variables, var_order]
+
+    # TODO: implement the simplify function which calls
+    # a c++ implementation of the ESPRESSO algorithm
+    # to simplify the truthtable: probably Minilog
+    def simplify(self, table):
+        """
+        Call a C++ implementation of the ESPRESSO algorithm to simplify the
+        given truth table.
+
+        .. TODO::
+
+            Implement this method.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+            sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!(c|a)")
+            sage: t = log.truthtable(s)
+            sage: log.simplify(t)
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            NotImplementedError
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def prove(self, statement):
+        """
+        A function to test to see if the statement is a tautology or
+        contradiction by calling a C++ library.
+
+        .. TODO::
+
+            Implement this method.
+
+        EXAMPLES::
+
+            sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+            sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!(c|a)")
+            sage: log.prove(s)
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            NotImplementedError
+        """
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+
+def get_bit(x, c):
+    r"""
+    Determine if bit ``c`` of the number ``x`` is 1.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``x`` -- integer; this is the number from which to take the bit
+
+    - ``c`` -- integer; this is the bit number to be taken
+
+    OUTPUT: a boolean value to be determined as follows:
+
+    - ``True`` if bit ``c`` of ``x`` is 1.
+
+    - ``False`` if bit ``c`` of ``x`` is not 1.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    EXAMPLES::
+
+        sage: from sage.logic.logic import get_bit
+        sage: get_bit(int(2), int(1))
+        'True'
+        sage: get_bit(int(8), int(0))
+        'False'
+    """
+    bits = []
+    while x > 0:
+        b = 'False' if x % 2 == 0 else 'True'
+        x = x // 2
+        bits.append(b)
+    if c > len(bits) - 1:
+        return 'False'
+    else:
+        return bits[c]
+
+
+def eval(toks):
+    r"""
+    Evaluate the expression contained in ``toks``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``toks`` -- list of tokens; this represents a boolean expression
+
+    OUTPUT: a boolean value to be determined as follows:
+
+    - ``True`` if expression evaluates to ``True``.
+
+    - ``False`` if expression evaluates to ``False``.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+        The evaluations rely on setting the values of the variables in the
+        global dictionary vars.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+        sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!(c|a)")
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval(s[0])
+        'True'
+    """
+    stack = []
+    for tok in toks:
+        stack.append(tok)
+        if tok == 'CPAREN':
+            lrtoks = []
+            while tok != 'OPAREN':
+                tok = stack.pop()
+                lrtoks.insert(0, tok)
+            stack.append(eval_ltor_toks(lrtoks[1:-1]))
+    if len(stack) > 1:
+        raise RuntimeError
+    return stack[0]
+
+
+def eval_ltor_toks(lrtoks):
+    r"""
+    Evaluates the expression contained in ``lrtoks``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``lrtoks`` -- list of tokens; this represents a part of a boolean
+      formula that contains no inner parentheses
+
+    OUTPUT: a boolean value to be determined as follows:
+
+    - ``True`` if expression evaluates to ``True``.
+
+    - ``False`` if expression evaluates to ``False``.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+        The evaluations rely on setting the values of the variables in the
+        global dictionary vars.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+        sage: s = log.statement("a&b|!c")
+        sage: ltor = s[0][1:-1]; ltor
+        ['a', 'AND', 'b', 'OR', 'NOT', 'c']
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_ltor_toks(ltor)
+        'True'
+    """
+    reduce_monos(lrtoks)        # monotonic ! operators go first
+    reduce_bins(lrtoks)         # then the binary operators
+    if len(lrtoks) > 1:
+        raise RuntimeError
+    return lrtoks[0]
+
+
+def reduce_bins(lrtoks):
+    r"""
+    Evaluate ``lrtoks`` to a single boolean value.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``lrtoks`` -- list of tokens; this represents a part of a boolean
+      formula that contains no inner parentheses or monotonic operators
+
+    OUTPUT:
+
+    ``None``; the pointer to lrtoks is now a list containing
+    ``True`` or ``False``.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+        sage: s = log.statement("a&b|c")
+        sage: lrtoks = s[0][1:-1]; lrtoks
+        ['a', 'AND', 'b', 'OR', 'c']
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.reduce_bins(lrtoks); lrtoks
+        ['False']
+    """
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(lrtoks):
+        if lrtoks[i] in bin_list:
+            args = [lrtoks[i - 1], lrtoks[i], lrtoks[i + 1]]
+            lrtoks[i - 1] = eval_bin_op(args)
+            del lrtoks[i]
+            del lrtoks[i]
+            reduce_bins(lrtoks)
+        i += 1
+
+
+def reduce_monos(lrtoks):
+    r"""
+    Replace monotonic operator/variable pairs with a boolean value.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``lrtoks`` -- list of tokens; this represents a part of a boolean
+      expression that contains now inner parentheses
+
+    OUTPUT:
+
+    ``None``; the pointer to ``lrtoks`` is now a list containing
+    monotonic operators.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+        sage: s = log.statement("!a&!b")
+        sage: lrtoks = s[0][1:-1]; lrtoks
+        ['NOT', 'a', 'AND', 'NOT', 'b']
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.reduce_monos(lrtoks); lrtoks
+        ['True', 'AND', 'True']
+    """
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(lrtoks):
+        if lrtoks[i] == 'NOT':
+            args = [lrtoks[i], lrtoks[i + 1]]
+            lrtoks[i] = eval_mon_op(args)
+            del lrtoks[i + 1]
+        i += 1
+
+
+def eval_mon_op(args):
+    r"""
+    Return a boolean value based on the truth table of the operator
+    in ``args``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``args`` -- list of length 2; this contains the token 'NOT' and
+      then a variable name
+
+    OUTPUT: a boolean value to be determined as follows:
+
+    - ``True`` if the variable in ``args`` is ``False``.
+
+    - ``False`` if the variable in ``args`` is ``True``.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+        sage: s = log.statement("!(a&b)|!a"); s
+        [['OPAREN', 'NOT', 'OPAREN', 'a', 'AND', 'b', 'CPAREN', 'OR',
+         'NOT', 'a', 'CPAREN'],
+         {'a': 'False', 'b': 'False'},
+         ['a', 'b']]
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_mon_op(['NOT', 'a'])
+        'True'
+    """
+    val = vars[args[1]] if args[1] != 'True' and args[1] != 'False' else args[1]
+
+    return 'False' if val == 'True' else 'True'
+
+
+def eval_bin_op(args):
+    r"""
+    Return a boolean value based on the truth table of the operator
+    in ``args``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``args`` -- list of length 3; this contains a variable name,
+      then a binary operator, and then a variable name, in that order
+
+    OUTPUT:
+
+    A boolean value; this is the evaluation of the operator based on the
+    truth values of the variables.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: log = SymbolicLogic()
+        sage: s = log.statement("!(a&b)"); s
+        [['OPAREN', 'NOT', 'OPAREN', 'a', 'AND', 'b', 'CPAREN', 'CPAREN'],
+         {'a': 'False', 'b': 'False'},
+         ['a', 'b']]
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_bin_op(['a', 'AND', 'b'])
+        'False'
+    """
+    if args[0] == 'False':
+        lval = 'False'
+    elif args[0] == 'True':
+        lval = 'True'
+    else:
+        lval = vars[args[0]]
+
+    if args[2] == 'False':
+        rval = 'False'
+    elif args[2] == 'True':
+        rval = 'True'
+    else:
+        rval = vars[args[2]]
+
+    if args[1] == 'AND':
+        return eval_and_op(lval, rval)
+    elif args[1] == 'OR':
+        return eval_or_op(lval, rval)
+    elif args[1] == 'IFTHEN':
+        return eval_ifthen_op(lval, rval)
+    elif args[1] == 'IFF':
+        return eval_iff_op(lval, rval)
+
+
+def eval_and_op(lval, rval):
+    r"""
+    Apply the 'and' operator to ``lval`` and ``rval``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``lval`` -- string; this represents the value of the variable
+      appearing to the left of the 'and' operator
+
+    - ``rval`` -- string; this represents the value of the variable
+      appearing to the right of the 'and' operator
+
+    OUTPUT: the result of applying 'and' to ``lval`` and ``rval`` as a string
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_and_op('False', 'False')
+        'False'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_and_op('False', 'True')
+        'False'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_and_op('True', 'False')
+        'False'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_and_op('True', 'True')
+        'True'
+    """
+    return 'True' if (lval == 'True' == rval) else 'False'
+
+
+def eval_or_op(lval, rval):
+    r"""
+    Apply the 'or' operator to ``lval`` and ``rval``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``lval`` -- string; this represents the value of the variable
+      appearing to the left of the 'or' operator
+
+    - ``rval`` -- string; this represents the value of the variable
+      appearing to the right of the 'or' operator
+
+    OUTPUT: string representing the result of applying 'or' to ``lval`` and ``rval``
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_or_op('False', 'False')
+        'False'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_or_op('False', 'True')
+        'True'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_or_op('True', 'False')
+        'True'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_or_op('True', 'True')
+        'True'
+    """
+    return 'True' if (lval == 'True' or rval == 'True') else 'False'
+
+
+def eval_ifthen_op(lval, rval):
+    r"""
+    Apply the 'if then' operator to ``lval`` and ``rval``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``lval`` -- string; this represents the value of the variable
+      appearing to the left of the 'if then' operator
+
+    - ``rval`` -- string; this represents the value of the variable
+      appearing to the right of the 'if then' operator
+
+    OUTPUT:
+
+    A string representing the result of applying 'if then' to
+    ``lval`` and ``rval``.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_ifthen_op('False', 'False')
+        'True'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_ifthen_op('False', 'True')
+        'True'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_ifthen_op('True', 'False')
+        'False'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_ifthen_op('True', 'True')
+        'True'
+    """
+    return 'False' if (lval == 'True' and rval == 'False') else 'True'
+
+
+def eval_iff_op(lval, rval):
+    r"""
+    Apply the 'if and only if' operator to ``lval`` and ``rval``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``lval`` -- string; this represents the value of the variable
+      appearing to the left of the 'if and only if' operator
+
+    - ``rval`` -- string; this represents the value of the variable
+      appearing to the right of the 'if and only if' operator
+
+    OUTPUT:
+
+    A string representing the result of applying 'if and only if'
+    to ``lval`` and ``rval``.
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    TESTS::
+
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_iff_op('False', 'False')
+        'True'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_iff_op('False', 'True')
+        'False'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_iff_op('True', 'False')
+        'False'
+        sage: sage.logic.logic.eval_iff_op('True', 'True')
+        'True'
+    """
+    return 'True' if (lval == rval) else 'False'
+
+
+def tokenize(s, toks):
+    r"""
+    Tokenize ``s`` and place the tokens of ``s`` in ``toks``.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``s`` -- string; this contains a boolean expression
+
+    - ``toks`` -- list; this will be populated with the tokens of ``s``
+
+    OUTPUT: none; the tokens of ``s`` are placed in ``toks``
+
+    .. NOTE::
+
+        This function is for internal use by the :class:`SymbolicLogic` class.
+
+    EXAMPLES::
+
+        sage: from sage.logic.logic import tokenize
+        sage: toks = []
+        sage: tokenize("(a&b)|c", toks)
+        sage: toks
+        ['OPAREN', 'a', 'AND', 'b', 'CPAREN', 'OR', 'c', 'CPAREN']
+    """
+    i = 0
+    while i < len(s):
+        tok = ""
+        skip = valid = 1
+        if s[i] == '(':
+            tok = tok_list[0]
+        elif s[i] == ')':
+            tok = tok_list[1]
+        elif s[i] == '&':
+            tok = tok_list[2]
+        elif s[i] == '|':
+            tok = tok_list[3]
+        elif s[i] == '!':
+            tok = tok_list[4]
+        elif s[i:i + 2] == '->':
+            tok = tok_list[5]
+            skip = 2
+        elif s[i:i + 3] == '<->':
+            tok = tok_list[6]
+            skip = 3
+
+        if tok:
+            toks.append(tok)
+            i += skip
+            continue
+        else:
+            # token is a variable name
+            if s[i] == ' ':
+                i += 1
+                continue
+
+            while i < len(s) and s[i] not in operators and s[i] != ' ':
+                tok += s[i]
+                i += 1
+
+            if tok:
+                if tok[0] not in string.ascii_letters:
+                    valid = 0
+                for c in tok:
+                    if not (c in string.ascii_letters
+                            or c in string.digits or c == '_'):
+                        valid = 0
+
+            if valid == 1:
+                toks.append(tok)
+                vars[tok] = 'False'
+                if tok not in vars_order:
+                    vars_order.append(tok)
+            else:
+                print('Invalid variable name: ', tok)
+                toks = []
+
+    toks.append('CPAREN')