passagemath-repl 10.5.1__py3-none-any.whl

sage/tests/cmdline.py

@@ -0,0 +1,796 @@
+# sage_setup: distribution = sagemath-repl
+r"""
+This file contains some tests that Sage command line options actually
+do something.
+
+We test the following command line options:
+
+test.py
+/path/to/test.py
+test.sage
+/path/to/test.sage
+test.spyx
+/path/to/test.spyx
+--advanced
+-c
+--cython
+--dev
+--ecl
+--experimental
+--fixdoctests
+--gap
+--gdb
+--gp
+-h
+--help
+--info
+--ipython
+--lisp
+--maxima
+--min
+--mwrank
+--optional
+--preparse
+--python
+--python3
+-q
+--R
+--root
+--rst2ipynb
+--ipynb2rst
+--sh
+--singular
+--sqlite3
+--standard
+--startuptime
+-t
+-v
+--zzfoobar (illegal option)
+
+
+AUTHORS:
+
+- Jeroen Demeyer (2010-11-20): initial version (:issue:`10300`)
+"""
+from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
+import os
+import sys
+import select
+
+
+def test_executable(args, input='', timeout=100.0, pydebug_ignore_warnings=False, **kwds):
+    r"""
+    Run the program defined by ``args`` using the string ``input`` on
+    the standard input.
+
+    INPUT:
+
+    - ``args`` -- list of program arguments, the first being the
+      executable
+
+    - ``input`` -- string serving as standard input; usually, this
+      should end with a newline
+
+    - ``timeout`` -- if the program produces no output for ``timeout``
+      seconds, a :exc:`RuntimeError` is raised
+
+    - ``pydebug_ignore_warnings`` -- boolean. Set the PYTHONWARNINGS environment variable to ignore
+      Python warnings when on a Python debug build (`--with-pydebug`, e.g. from building with
+      `SAGE_DEBUG=yes`). Debug builds do not install the default warning filters, which can break
+      some doctests. Unfortunately the environment variable does not support regex message filters,
+      so the filter will catch a bit more than the default filters. Hence we only enable it on debug
+      builds.
+
+    - ``**kwds`` -- additional keyword arguments passed to the
+      :class:`Popen` constructor
+
+    OUTPUT: a tuple ``(out, err, ret)`` with the standard output,
+    standard error and exitcode of the program run.
+
+    EXAMPLES::
+
+        sage: from sage.tests.cmdline import test_executable
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["cat"], "Hello World!")
+        sage: out
+        'Hello World!'
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+    We test the timeout option::
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sleep", "1"], timeout=0.1)
+        Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+        RuntimeError: timeout in test_executable()
+
+    TESTS:
+
+    Run Sage itself with various options::
+
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage"], pydebug_ignore_warnings=True)
+        sage: out.find(version()) >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage"], "3^33\n", pydebug_ignore_warnings=True)
+        sage: out.find(version()) >= 0
+        True
+        sage: out.find("5559060566555523") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage", "-q"], "3^33\n", pydebug_ignore_warnings=True)
+        sage: out.find(version()) >= 0
+        False
+        sage: out.find("5559060566555523") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage", "-c", "print(3^33)"])
+        sage: print(out)
+        5559060566555523
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage", "--min", "-c", "print(3^33)"])
+        sage: print(out)
+        5559060566555523
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage", "--startuptime"])
+        sage: out.find("Slowest module import") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+    Test help::
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "-h"])
+        sage: out.find("evaluate cmd as sage") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--help"])
+        sage: out.find("evaluate cmd as sage") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--advanced"])
+        sage: out.find("run the Sage cleaner.") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+        sage: out.find("print the Sage root directory") >= 0 # optional - sage_spkg
+        True
+        sage: out.find("regular expression search through the Sage") >= 0 # optional - sage_spkg
+        True
+
+    Basic information about the Sage installation::
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "-v"])
+        sage: out.find(version()) >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # optional - sage_spkg
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--root"])
+        sage: len(out) >= 2
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+    Test ``sage --info [packages]``::
+
+        sage: # optional - sage_spkg
+        sage: out, err, ret = test_executable(["sage", "--info", "sqlite"])
+        sage: print(out)
+        sqlite...
+        SQLite is a software library that implements a self-contained,
+        serverless, zero-configuration, transactional SQL database engine.
+        ...
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+    Test ``sage-run`` on a Python file, both with an absolute and with a relative path::
+
+        sage: import tempfile
+        sage: with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as dir:
+        ....:     name = 'python_test_file.py'
+        ....:     fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
+        ....:     with open(fullname, 'w') as F:
+        ....:         _ = F.write("print(3^33)\n")
+        ....:     test_executable(["sage", fullname])
+        ....:     test_executable(["sage", name], cwd=dir)
+        ('34\n', '', 0)
+        ('34\n', '', 0)
+
+    The same as above, but now with a ``.sage`` file.  This indirectly
+    also tests the preparser::
+
+        sage: import tempfile
+        sage: with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as dir:  # long time
+        ....:     name = 'sage_test_file.sage'
+        ....:     fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
+        ....:     with open(fullname, 'w') as F:
+        ....:         _ = F.write("k.<a> = GF(5^3); print(a^124)\n")
+        ....:     test_executable(["sage", fullname])
+        ....:     test_executable(["sage", name], cwd=dir)
+        ('1\n', '', 0)
+        ('1\n', '', 0)
+
+    Test running a ``.spyx`` file::
+
+        sage: import tempfile
+        sage: with tempfile.TemporaryDirectory() as dir:  # long time
+        ....:     name = 'sage_test_file.spyx'
+        ....:     fullname = os.path.join(dir, name)
+        ....:     with open(fullname, 'w') as F:
+        ....:         _ = F.write("from cysignals.signals cimport *\n")
+        ....:         _ = F.write("from sage.rings.integer cimport Integer\n")
+        ....:         _ = F.write("cdef long i, s = 0\n")
+        ....:         _ = F.write("sig_on()\n")
+        ....:         _ = F.write("for i in range(5): s += i\n")
+        ....:         _ = F.write("sig_off()\n")
+        ....:         _ = F.write("print(Integer(s))")
+        ....:     test_executable(["sage", fullname], pydebug_ignore_warnings=True)
+        ....:     test_executable(["sage", name], cwd=dir, pydebug_ignore_warnings=True)
+        ('10\n', 'Compiling .../sage_test_file.spyx...\n', 0)
+        ('10\n', 'Compiling sage_test_file.spyx...\n', 0)
+
+    Testing ``sage --preparse FILE`` and ``sage -t FILE``.  First create
+    a file and preparse it::
+
+        sage: s = "# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-\n'''This is a test file.\nAnd I am its doctest'''\ndef my_add(a):\n    '''\n    Add 2 to a.\n\n        EXAMPLES::\n\n            sage: my_add(2)\n            4\n        '''\n    return a + 2\n"
+        sage: script = os.path.join(tmp_dir(), 'my_script.sage')
+        sage: script_py = script + '.py'
+        sage: F = open(script, 'w')
+        sage: _ = F.write(s)
+        sage: F.close()
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--preparse", script])
+        sage: ret
+        0
+        sage: os.path.isfile(script_py)
+        True
+
+    Now test my_script.sage and the preparsed version my_script.sage.py::
+
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage", "-t", "--optional=sage", script])
+        sage: ret
+        0
+        sage: out.find("All tests passed!") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage", "-t", "--optional=sage", script_py])
+        sage: ret
+        0
+        sage: out.find("All tests passed!") >= 0
+        True
+
+    Test that the coding line and doctest are preserved::
+
+        sage: Fpy = open(script_py, "r")
+        sage: Fpy.readline()
+        '# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-\n'
+        sage: Fpy.readline()
+        "'''This is a test file.\n"
+        sage: Fpy.readline()
+        "And I am its doctest'''\n"
+
+    Now for a file which should fail tests::
+
+        sage: s = s.replace('4', '5') # (2+2 != 5)
+        sage: F = open(script, 'w')
+        sage: _ = F.write(s)
+        sage: F.close()
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([           # long time
+        ....:     "sage", "-t", "--optional=sage", script])
+        sage: ret                                           # long time
+        1
+        sage: out.find("1 item had failures:") >= 0         # long time
+        True
+
+    Test ``sage -t --debug -p 2`` on a ReST file, the ``-p 2`` should
+    be ignored. In Pdb, we run the ``help`` command::
+
+        sage: s = "::\n\n    sage: assert True is False\n    sage: 2 + 2\n    5"
+        sage: script = tmp_filename(ext='.rst')
+        sage: F = open(script, 'w')
+        sage: _ = F.write(s)
+        sage: F.close()
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([           # long time
+        ....:     "sage", "-t", "--optional=sage", "--debug",
+        ....:     "-p", "2", "--warn-long", "0", script], "help")
+        sage: print(out)                                    # long time
+        Debugging requires single-threaded operation, setting number of threads to 1.
+        Running doctests with ID...
+        Doctesting 1 file.
+        sage -t ...
+        **********************************************************************
+        File "...", line 3, in ...
+        Failed example:
+            assert True is False
+        Exception raised:
+            Traceback (most recent call last):
+            ...
+            AssertionError
+        > <doctest ...>(1)<module>()
+        -> assert True is False
+        (Pdb)
+        Documented commands (type help <topic>):
+        ========================================
+        ...
+        **********************************************************************
+        File "...", line 4, in ...
+        Failed example:
+            2 + 2
+        Expected:
+            5
+        Got:
+            4
+        **********************************************************************
+        Previously executed commands:
+            s...: assert True is False
+        sage:
+        <BLANKLINE>
+        Returning to doctests...
+        **********************************************************************
+        1 item had failures:
+           2 of   3 in ...
+            [2 tests, 2 failures, ...]
+        ...
+        sage: ret                                           # long time
+        1
+
+    Now run a test for the fixdoctests script and, in particular, check that the
+    issues raised in :issue:`10589` are fixed. We have to go to slightly silly
+    lengths to doctest the output.::
+
+        sage: test='r\"\"\"Add a doc-test for the fixdoctest command line option and, in particular, check that\n:issue:`10589` is fixed.\n\nEXAMPLES::\n\n    sage: 1+1              # incorrect output\n    3\n    sage: m=matrix(ZZ,3)   # output when none is expected\n    [0 0 0]\n    [0 0 0]\n    [1 0 0]\n    sage: (2/3)*m          # no output when it is expected\n    sage: mu=PartitionTuple([[4,4],[3,3,2,1],[1,1]])   # output when none is expected\n    [4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 1, 1]\n    sage: mu.pp()          # uneven indentation\n    ****\n    ****\n    sage: PartitionTuples.options(convention="French")\n    sage: mu.pp()         # fix doctest with uneven indentation\n    sage: PartitionTuples.options._reset()\n\"\"\"\n'
+        sage: test_file = os.path.join(tmp_dir(), 'test_file.py')
+        sage: F = open(test_file, 'w')
+        sage: _ = F.write(test)
+        sage: F.close()
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--fixdoctests", test_file])       # long time
+        sage: with open(test_file, 'r') as f:                                               # long time
+        ....:     fixed_test = f.read()
+        sage: import difflib                                                                # long time
+        sage: list(difflib.unified_diff(test.splitlines(), fixed_test.splitlines()))[2:-1]  # long time
+        ['@@ -4,18 +4,23 @@\n',
+         ' EXAMPLES::',
+         ' ',
+         '     sage: 1+1              # incorrect output',
+         '-    3',
+         '+    2',
+         '     sage: m=matrix(ZZ,3)   # output when none is expected',
+         '+    sage: (2/3)*m          # no output when it is expected',
+         '     [0 0 0]',
+         '     [0 0 0]',
+         '-    [1 0 0]',
+         '-    sage: (2/3)*m          # no output when it is expected',
+         '+    [0 0 0]',
+         '     sage: mu=PartitionTuple([[4,4],[3,3,2,1],[1,1]])   # output when none is expected',
+         '-    [4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 1, 1]',
+         '     sage: mu.pp()          # uneven indentation',
+         '-    ****',
+         '-    ****',
+         '+       ****   ***   *',
+         '+       ****   ***   *',
+         '+              **',
+         '+              *',
+         '     sage: PartitionTuples.options(convention="French")',
+         '     sage: mu.pp()         # fix doctest with uneven indentation',
+         '+    *',
+         '+    **',
+         '+    ****   ***   *',
+         '+    ****   ***   *',
+         '     sage: PartitionTuples.options._reset()']
+
+    Test external programs being called by Sage::
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--sh"], "echo Hello World\nexit 42\n")
+        sage: out.find("Hello World\n") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: ret
+        42
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--sh", "-c", "echo Hello World; exit 42"])
+        sage: out.find("Hello World\n") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: ret
+        42
+
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage", "--ipython"], "\n3**33\n", pydebug_ignore_warnings=True)
+        sage: out.find("5559060566555523") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--python"], "print(3^33)\n")
+        sage: out
+        '34\n'
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--python3"], "print(3^33)\n")
+        sage: out
+        '34\n'
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--cython"])
+        sage: print(err)
+        ...
+        cython: error: cython: Need at least one source file
+
+        sage: # needs sage.symbolic
+        sage: def has_tty():
+        ....:     try:
+        ....:         os.open(os.ctermid(), os.O_RDONLY)
+        ....:         return True
+        ....:     except OSError:
+        ....:         return False
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--ecl"], "(* 12345 54321)\n")
+        sage: out.find("Embeddable Common-Lisp") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: out.find("670592745") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # needs sage.symbolic
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--lisp"], "(* 12345 54321)\n")
+        sage: out.find("Embeddable Common-Lisp") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: out.find("670592745") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # needs sage.libs.gap
+        sage: # long time
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([
+        ....:     "sage", "--gap", "-q"], "Size(SymmetricGroup(5));\n")
+        sage: out
+        '120\n'
+        sage: err.replace('gap: halving pool size.', '').strip()
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable([                   # long time  # optional - gdb
+        ....:     "sage", "--gdb"], 'quit\n')
+        sage: out.find('(gdb) ') >= 0                               # long time  # optional - gdb
+        True
+        sage: ret                                                   # long time  # optional - gdb
+        0
+
+        sage: # needs sage.libs.eclib
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--mwrank", "-v0", "-q"], "0 0 0 0 1\n")
+        sage: out
+        'Curve [0,0,0,0,1] :\tRank = 0\n\n'
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # needs sage.libs.singular
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--singular"], "12345*54321;\n")
+        sage: out.find("A Computer Algebra System for Polynomial Computations") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: out.find("670592745") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+    Test GP using the ``-f`` option which prevents the reading of a ``.gprc``
+    configuration file::
+
+        sage: # needs sage.libs.pari
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--gp", "-f"], "3^33\nquit(42)\n")
+        sage: out.find("PARI/GP") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: out.find("5559060566555523") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        42
+
+    Some programs of which we check functionality using only ``--version``::
+
+        sage: # needs sage.symbolic
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--maxima", "--version"])
+        sage: out.find("Maxima ") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # optional - r
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--R", "--version"])
+        sage: out.find("R version ") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--sqlite3", "--version"])
+        sage: out.startswith("3.")
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+    Check some things requiring an internet connection::
+
+        sage: # optional - internet
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--standard"])
+        sage: out.find("cython") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # optional - internet
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--optional"])
+        sage: out.find("database_cremona_ellcurve") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+        sage: # optional - internet
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--experimental"])
+        sage: out.find("valgrind") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: err
+        ''
+        sage: ret
+        0
+
+    Check an illegal command line option.  This outputs an error to stdout,
+    but we allow stderr in case this changes in the future::
+
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(["sage", "--zzfoobar"])
+        sage: (out+err).find("unknown option: --zzfoobar") >= 0
+        True
+        sage: ret > 0
+        True
+
+    Test ``sage --rst2ipynb file.rst`` on a ReST file::
+
+        sage: s = "::\n\n    sage: 2^10\n    1024\n    sage: 2 + 2\n    4"
+        sage: input = tmp_filename(ext='.rst')
+        sage: with open(input, 'w') as F:
+        ....:     _ = F.write(s)
+        sage: L = ["sage", "--rst2ipynb", input]
+        sage: (out, err, ret) = test_executable(L)           # optional - rst2ipynb
+        sage: err                                            # optional - rst2ipynb
+        ''
+        sage: ret                                            # optional - rst2ipynb
+        0
+        sage: from json import loads                         # optional - rst2ipynb
+        sage: d = loads(out)                                 # optional - rst2ipynb
+        sage: sorted(d.keys())                               # optional - rst2ipynb
+        ['cells', 'metadata', 'nbformat', 'nbformat_minor']
+        sage: d['cells'][1]['source']                        # optional - rst2ipynb
+        ['2^10']
+        sage: d['cells'][2]['source']                        # optional - rst2ipynb
+        ['2 + 2']
+
+    Test ``sage --rst2ipynb file.rst file.ipynb`` on a ReST file::
+
+        sage: s = "::\n\n    sage: 2^10\n    1024\n    sage: 2 + 2\n    4"
+        sage: input = tmp_filename(ext='.rst')
+        sage: output = tmp_filename(ext='.ipynb')
+        sage: with open(input, 'w') as F:
+        ....:     _ = F.write(s)
+        sage: L = ["sage", "--rst2ipynb", input, output]
+        sage: test_executable(L)                              # optional - rst2ipynb
+        ('', '', 0)
+        sage: import json                                     # optional - rst2ipynb
+        sage: d = json.load(open(output,'r'))                 # optional - rst2ipynb
+        sage: type(d)                                         # optional - rst2ipynb
+        <class 'dict'>
+        sage: sorted(d.keys())                                # optional - rst2ipynb
+        ['cells', 'metadata', 'nbformat', 'nbformat_minor']
+        sage: d['metadata']                                   # optional - rst2ipynb
+        {'kernelspec': {'display_name': 'sagemath', 'name': 'sagemath'}}
+        sage: d['cells'][1]['cell_type']                      # optional - rst2ipynb
+        'code'
+
+    Test ``sage --ipynb2rst file.ipynb file.rst`` on a ipynb file::
+
+        sage: s = r'''{
+        ....:  "cells": [
+        ....:   {
+        ....:    "cell_type": "code",
+        ....:    "execution_count": 1,
+        ....:    "metadata": {},
+        ....:    "outputs": [
+        ....:     {
+        ....:      "data": {
+        ....:       "text/plain": [
+        ....:        "2"
+        ....:       ]
+        ....:      },
+        ....:      "execution_count": 1,
+        ....:      "metadata": {},
+        ....:      "output_type": "execute_result"
+        ....:     }
+        ....:    ],
+        ....:    "source": [
+        ....:     "1+1"
+        ....:    ]
+        ....:   },
+        ....:   {
+        ....:    "cell_type": "code",
+        ....:    "execution_count": null,
+        ....:    "metadata": {},
+        ....:    "outputs": [],
+        ....:    "source": []
+        ....:   }
+        ....:  ],
+        ....:  "metadata": {
+        ....:   "kernelspec": {
+        ....:    "display_name": "SageMath 8.3.beta4",
+        ....:    "language": "",
+        ....:    "name": "sagemath"
+        ....:   },
+        ....:   "language_info": {
+        ....:    "codemirror_mode": {
+        ....:     "name": "ipython",
+        ....:     "version": 2
+        ....:    },
+        ....:    "file_extension": ".py",
+        ....:    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
+        ....:    "name": "python",
+        ....:    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
+        ....:    "pygments_lexer": "ipython2",
+        ....:    "version": "2.7.15"
+        ....:   }
+        ....:  },
+        ....:  "nbformat": 4,
+        ....:  "nbformat_minor": 2
+        ....: }
+        ....: '''
+        sage: t = '.. escape-backslashes\n.. default-role:: math\n\n\n::\n\n    sage: 1+1\n    2\n\n\n\n\n'
+        sage: input = tmp_filename(ext='.ipynb')
+        sage: output = tmp_filename(ext='.rst')
+        sage: with open(input, 'w') as F:
+        ....:     _ = F.write(s)
+        sage: L = ["sage", "--ipynb2rst", input, output]
+        sage: _ = test_executable(L)                # long time  # optional - pandoc
+        sage: print(open(output, 'r').read() == t)  # long time  # optional - pandoc  # known bug #32697
+        True
+    """
+    pexpect_env = dict(os.environ)
+    try:
+        del pexpect_env["TERM"]
+    except KeyError:
+        pass
+
+    __with_pydebug = hasattr(sys, 'gettotalrefcount')   # This is a Python debug build (--with-pydebug)
+    if __with_pydebug and pydebug_ignore_warnings:
+        pexpect_env['PYTHONWARNINGS'] = ','.join([
+            'ignore::DeprecationWarning',
+        ])
+
+    kwds['encoding'] = kwds.pop('encoding', 'utf-8')
+
+    p = Popen(args, stdin=PIPE, stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, env=pexpect_env,
+              **kwds)
+    if input:
+        p.stdin.write(input)
+
+    p.stdin.close()
+    fdout = p.stdout.fileno()
+    fderr = p.stderr.fileno()
+    out = []
+    err = []
+
+    while True:
+        # Try reading from fdout and fderr
+        rfd = []
+        if fdout:
+            rfd.append(fdout)
+        if fderr:
+            rfd.append(fderr)
+        if len(rfd) == 0:
+            break
+        timeout = float(timeout)
+        rlist = select.select(rfd, [], [], timeout)[0]
+
+        if len(rlist) == 0:
+            # Timeout!
+            p.terminate()
+            raise RuntimeError("timeout in test_executable()")
+        if fdout in rlist:
+            s = p.stdout.read(1024)
+            if not s:
+                fdout = None   # EOF
+                p.stdout.close()
+            out.append(s)
+        if fderr in rlist:
+            s = p.stderr.read(1024)
+            if not s:
+                fderr = None   # EOF
+                p.stderr.close()
+            err.append(s)
+
+    # In case out or err contains a quoted string, force the use of
+    # double quotes so that the output is enclosed in single
+    # quotes. This avoids some doctest failures with some versions of
+    # OS X and Xcode.
+    out = ''.join(out)
+    out = out.replace("'", '"')
+    err = ''.join(err)
+    err = err.replace("'", '"')
+
+    return (out, err, p.wait())