ngsolve 6.2.2506.post216.dev0__cp314-cp314-manylinux_2_28_x86_64.whl

ngsolve-6.2.2506.post216.dev0.data/data/include/netgen/recursive_pol.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,4896 @@
+#ifndef FILE_RECURSIVE_POL
+#define FILE_RECURSIVE_POL
+
+/*********************************************************************/
+/* File:   recursive_pol.hpp                                         */
+/* Author: Start                                                     */
+/* Date:   6. Feb. 2003                                              */
+/*********************************************************************/
+
+
+#include <bla.hpp>
+
+
+namespace ngfem
+{
+  using namespace ngbla;
+
+  
+  /*
+    Recursive Polynomials
+  */
+
+
+  // Use Lambda function with square-bracket assignment
+  template <typename TI, typename FUNC>
+  class SBLambdaElement
+  {
+    FUNC f;
+    TI i;
+  public:
+    INLINE SBLambdaElement (const SBLambdaElement & e2) = default; 
+    INLINE SBLambdaElement (FUNC af, TI hi) : f(af), i(hi) { ; }
+    template <typename VAL>
+    INLINE VAL operator= (VAL v) { f(i, v); return v; }
+  };
+
+  template <typename TI, typename FUNC>
+  class Class_SBLambda
+  {
+    FUNC func;
+    TI offset;
+  public:
+    INLINE Class_SBLambda (const Class_SBLambda & l2) = default; 
+    INLINE Class_SBLambda (FUNC f, TI ao) : func(f), offset(ao) { ; }
+
+    template <typename TI2>    
+    INLINE auto operator[] (TI2 i) const -> SBLambdaElement<decltype(offset+i),FUNC> 
+    { 
+      return SBLambdaElement<decltype(offset+i),FUNC> (func, offset+i); 
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI2>
+    INLINE auto operator+ (TI2 i) const -> Class_SBLambda<decltype(offset+i),FUNC>
+    { return Class_SBLambda<decltype(offset+i),FUNC> (func, offset+i); }
+
+    template <typename TI2>
+    INLINE auto Addr (TI2 i) const -> Class_SBLambda<decltype(offset+i),FUNC>
+    {return Class_SBLambda<decltype(offset+i),FUNC> (func, offset+i); }
+  };
+
+  template <typename FUNC> 
+  INLINE const Class_SBLambda<IC<0>,FUNC> SBLambda (FUNC f)
+  {
+    return Class_SBLambda<IC<0>,FUNC> (f, IC<0>());
+  }
+
+
+
+
+  template <typename FUNC, typename FUNC2>
+  class Class_SBLambdaDuo
+  {
+    FUNC func;
+    FUNC2 func2;
+    int offset;
+  public:
+    INLINE Class_SBLambdaDuo (const Class_SBLambdaDuo & l2) : func(l2.func), func2(l2.func2), offset(l2.offset) { ; }
+    INLINE Class_SBLambdaDuo (FUNC f, FUNC2 f2, int ao = 0) : func(f), func2(f2), offset(ao) { ; }
+    INLINE SBLambdaElement<int,FUNC> operator[] (int i) const { return SBLambdaElement<int,FUNC> (func, offset+i); }
+    INLINE Class_SBLambdaDuo<FUNC, FUNC2> operator+ (int i) const { return Class_SBLambdaDuo<FUNC,FUNC2> (func, func2, offset+i); }
+    INLINE Class_SBLambdaDuo<FUNC, FUNC2> Addr (int i) const { return Class_SBLambdaDuo<FUNC,FUNC2> (func, func2, offset+i); }
+    template <typename VAL1, typename VAL2>
+    void operator() (int i1, VAL1 v1, int i2, VAL2 v2) const { func2(i1, v1, i2, v2); }
+  };
+
+  template <typename FUNC, typename FUNC2> 
+  INLINE const Class_SBLambdaDuo<FUNC, FUNC2> SBLambdaDuo (FUNC f, FUNC2 f2)
+  {
+    return Class_SBLambdaDuo<FUNC,FUNC2> (f, f2);
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+  /// a helper class for fixed order evaluation
+  template <class REC, int N>
+  class CEvalFO
+  {
+  public:
+    template <class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval (S x, T && values, S & p1, S & p2) 
+    {
+      S p3;
+      CEvalFO<REC,N-1>::Eval (x, values, p2, p3);
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+	values[N] = p1 = ( REC::CalcA(N) * x ) * p2 + REC::CalcC(N) * p3;
+      else
+	values[N] = p1 = ( REC::CalcA(N) * x + REC::CalcB(N)) * p2 + REC::CalcC(N) * p3;
+    }
+
+
+    template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (S x, Sc c, T && values, S & p1, S & p2) 
+    {
+      S p3;
+      CEvalFO<REC,N-1>::EvalMult (x, c, values, p2, p3);
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+	values[N] = p1 = ( REC::CalcA(N) * x ) * p2 + REC::CalcC(N) * p3;
+      else
+	values[N] = p1 = ( REC::CalcA(N) * x + REC::CalcB(N)) * p2 + REC::CalcC(N) * p3;
+    }
+    
+
+    template <class S, class Sy, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaled (S x, Sy y, T && values, S & p1, S & p2) 
+    {
+      S p3;
+      CEvalFO<REC,N-1>::EvalScaled (x, y, values, p2, p3);
+      values[N] = p1 = ( REC::CalcA(N) * x + REC::CalcB(N) * y) * p2 + REC::CalcC(N)*(y*y) * p3;
+    }
+
+
+    template <class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledMult (S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values, S & p1, S & p2) 
+    {
+      S p3;
+      CEvalFO<REC,N-1>::EvalScaledMult (x, y, c, values, p2, p3);
+      values[N] = p1 = ( REC::CalcA(N) * x + REC::CalcB(N) * y) * p2 + REC::CalcC(N)*(y*y) * p3;
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  template <class REC>
+  class CEvalFO<REC, -1>
+    {
+    public:
+      template <class S, class T>
+      INLINE static void Eval (S x, T && values, S & /* p1 */, S & /* p2 */) 
+      { ; }
+
+      template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+      INLINE static void EvalMult (S x, Sc c, T && values, S & /* p1 */, S & /* p2 */) 
+      { ; }
+
+
+      template <class S, class Sy, class T>
+      INLINE static void EvalScaled (S x, Sy y, T && values, S & /* p1 */, S & /* p2 */) 
+      { ; }
+
+      template <class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+      INLINE static void EvalScaledMult (S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values, S & /* p1 */, S & /* p2 */) 
+      { ; }
+
+    };
+
+
+  template <class REC>
+  class CEvalFO<REC, 0>
+    {
+    public:
+      template <class S, class T>
+      INLINE static void Eval (S x, T && values, S & p1, S & /* p2 */) 
+      {
+	values[0] = p1 = REC::P0(x);
+      }
+
+      template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+      INLINE static void EvalMult (S x, Sc c, T && values, S & p1, S & /* p2 */) 
+      {
+	values[0] = p1 = c * REC::P0(x);
+      }
+
+
+      template <class S, class Sy, class T>
+      INLINE static void EvalScaled (S x, Sy y, T && values, S & p1, S & /* p2 */) 
+      {
+	values[0] = p1 = REC::P0(x);
+      }
+
+      template <class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+      INLINE static void EvalScaledMult (S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values, S & p1, S & /* p2 */) 
+      {
+	values[0] = p1 = c * REC::P0(x);
+      }
+
+    };
+
+  template <class REC>
+  class CEvalFO<REC, 1>
+  {
+  public:
+    template <class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval (S x, T && values, S & p1, S & p2) 
+    {
+      values[0] = p2 = REC::P0(x);
+      values[1] = p1 = REC::P1(x);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (S x, Sc c, T && values, S & p1, S & p2) 
+    {
+      values[0] = p2 = c * REC::P0(x);
+      values[1] = p1 = c * REC::P1(x);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sy, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaled (S x, Sy y, T && values, S & p1, S & p2) 
+    {
+      values[0] = p2 = REC::P0(x);
+      values[1] = p1 = REC::P1(x,y);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledMult (S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values, S & p1, S & p2) 
+    {
+      values[0] = p2 = c * REC::P0(x);
+      values[1] = p1 = c * REC::P1(x,y);
+    }
+  };
+  
+
+
+
+
+  // P_i = (a_i x + b_i) P_{i-1} + c_i P_{i-2}
+  template<class REC>
+  class RecursivePolynomial
+  {
+  public:
+    template <typename TINT, class S>
+    INLINE static S EvalNext2 (TINT i, S x, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+        {
+          // S pnew = REC::A(i) * x * p1 + REC::C(i) * p2; // maybe ?
+          // S pnew = FMA(REC::C(i), p2, REC::A(i) * x * p1);  // bad
+          S pnew = FMA(REC::A(i) * x, p1, REC::C(i) * p2);  // good
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          S pnew = (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i)) * p1 + REC::C(i) * p2;
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      return p1;
+    }
+
+#ifdef OLD
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE static S EvalNext (int i, S x, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      if (i == 0) 
+        {
+          p1 = REC::P0(x);
+          return p1;
+        }
+      if (i == 1) 
+        {
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = REC::P1(x);
+          return p1;
+        }
+      return EvalNext2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+      /*
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+        {
+          S pnew = REC::A(i) * x * p1 + REC::C(i) * p2;
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          S pnew = (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i)) * p1 + REC::C(i) * p2;
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      return p1;
+      */
+    }
+#endif
+
+
+
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE static S EvalNextTicTac (int i, S x, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      switch (i)
+        {
+        case 0: return p1 = REC::P0(x);
+        case 1: return p1 = REC::P1(x);
+        default:
+          {
+            if (REC::ZERO_B)
+              {
+                p1 *= REC::C(i);
+                p1 += REC::A(i) * x * p2;
+                return p1;
+              }
+            else
+              {
+                p1 *= REC::C(i);
+                p1 += (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i)) * p2;
+                return p1;
+              }
+          }
+        }
+    }
+    
+    template <typename TI, class S>
+    INLINE static S EvalNextTicTac2 (TI i, S x, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+	{
+          /*
+	  p1 *= REC::C(i);
+	  p1 += REC::A(i) * x * p2;
+	  return p1;
+          */
+          p1 = FMA (REC::A(i)*x, p2, REC::C(i)*p1);
+          return p1;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  p1 *= REC::C(i);
+	  p1 += (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i)) * p2;
+	  return p1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE static S EvalScaledNextTicTac2 (TI i, S x, Sy y, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      // p1 = (y*y) * REC::C(i) * p1;
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+        {
+          // p1 = (y*y) * REC::C(i) * p1;
+          // p1 += REC::A(i) * x * p2;
+          double a = REC::A(i);
+          double c = REC::C(i);
+          p1 = FMA(a*x, p2, c*(y*y)*p1);
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          p1 = (y*y) * REC::C(i) * p1;
+          p1 += (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i) * y) * p2;
+        }
+      return p1;
+    }
+
+    /*
+    template <class S, class Sc>
+    INLINE static S EvalNextMultTicTac (int i, S x, Sc c, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      switch (i)
+        {
+        case 0: return p1 = c * REC::P0(x);
+        case 1: return p1 = c * REC::P1(x);
+        default: return EvalNextTicTac2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+        }
+    }
+    */
+
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledNext (int i, S x, Sy y, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      if (i == 0) 
+        {
+          p1 = REC::P0(x);
+          return;
+        }
+      if (i == 1) 
+        {
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = REC::P1(x,y);
+          return;
+        }
+
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+        {
+          S pnew = REC::A(i) * x * p1 + REC::C(i) * (y*y)*p2;
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          S pnew = (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i) * y) * p1 + REC::C(i) * (y*y)*p2;
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+    }
+
+    template <typename TINT, class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE static S EvalScaledNext2 (TINT i, S x, Sy y, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+        {
+          // S pnew = REC::A(i) * x * p1 + REC::C(i) * (y*y)*p2;
+          S pnew = FMA( REC::A(i)*x, p1, REC::C(i)*(y*y)*p2);
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          S pnew = (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i) * y) * p1 + REC::C(i) * (y*y)*p2;
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      return p1;
+      /*
+      // switch (i)
+        {
+          // case 0: return p1 = REC::P0(x);
+          // case 1: return p1 = REC::P1(x);
+          // default:
+          {
+            if (REC::ZERO_B)
+              {
+                p1 *= REC::C(i) *(y*y);
+                p1 += REC::A(i) * x * p2;
+                return p1;
+              }
+            else
+              {
+                p1 *= REC::C(i) *(y*y);
+                p1 += (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i) * y) * p2;
+                return p1;
+              }
+          }
+        }
+      */
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y)  { return REC::P1(x); }
+
+  public:
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval (TI n, S x, T && values) 
+    {
+      // if (n < 0) return;
+      EvalMult (n, x, 1.0, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (TI n, S x, Sc c, T && values) 
+    {
+      /*
+      S p1, p2;
+      if (n < 0) return;
+
+      values[0] = EvalNextMultTicTac(0, x, c, p1, p2);
+      if (n < 1) return;
+
+      values[1] = EvalNextMultTicTac(1, x, c, p2, p1);
+      if (n < 2) return;
+
+      for (int i = 2; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+	  values[i] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+	  values[i+1] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i+1, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      if ( (n&1) == 0 )
+        values[n] = EvalNextTicTac2 (n, x, p1, p2);
+      */
+
+
+
+      S p1(c * REC::P0(x));
+      S p2 = c * REC::P1(x);
+
+      TI i = 0;
+      for ( ; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+          values[i] = p1;
+          values[i+1] = p2;
+          
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+3, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      if (i == n)
+        values[n] = p1;
+    }
+
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T1, class T2>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (TI n, S x, Sc c, const Class_SBLambdaDuo<T1,T2> & values) 
+    {
+      /*
+      S p1, p2;
+      if (n < 0) return;
+      values[0] = EvalNextMultTicTac(0, x, c, p1, p2);
+      if (n < 1) return;
+      values[1] = EvalNextMultTicTac(1, x, c, p2, p1);
+      if (n < 2) return;
+      */
+      
+      S p1(c * REC::P0(x));
+      S p2 = c * REC::P1(x);
+
+      if (n < 0) return;
+      if (n == 0) { values [0] = p1; return; }
+      values (0, p1, 1, p2);
+      TI i = 2;
+      for ( ; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+	  S v1  = EvalNextTicTac2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+	  S v2 = EvalNextTicTac2 (i+1, x, p2, p1);
+	  values (i, v1, i+1, v2);
+	}
+      if (i <= n)
+        values[i] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+    }
+
+
+    template <int N, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (IC<N> n, S x, Sc c, T && values) 
+    {
+      S p1(c * REC::P0(x));
+      S p2 = c * REC::P1(x);
+
+      int i = 0;
+      for ( ; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+          values[i] = p1;
+          values[i+1] = p2;
+          
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+3, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      if (i == n)
+        values[n] = p1;
+
+      /*
+        // needs checking, code looks the same
+      S p2(c * REC::P0(x));
+      S p1(c * REC::P1(x));
+      
+      Iterate<N+1> ([&] (auto i)
+                  {
+                    values[i] = p2;
+                    EvalNext2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+                  });
+      */
+    }
+
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval1Assign (TI n, S x, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalMult1Assign (n, x, 1.0, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult1Assign (TI n, S x, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      S p1 = c*REC::P1(x), p2(c * REC::P0(x));
+      for (TI i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+        {
+	  values[i] = p2;
+          EvalNext2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+        }
+    }
+
+
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaled (TI n, S x, Sy y, T && values)
+    {
+      if (n < 0) return;
+      EvalScaledMult (n, x, y, 1.0, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledMult (TI n, S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      /*
+      S p1, p2;
+      
+      // if (n < 0) return;
+
+      values[0] = p2 = c * REC::P0(x);
+
+      if (n < 1) return;
+      values[1] = p1 = c * REC::P1(x);
+
+      for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++)
+	{	
+	  EvalScaledNext2 (i, x, y, p1, p2);
+	  values[i] = p1;
+	}
+      */
+
+
+      S p1(c * REC::P0(x));
+      S p2(c * REC::P1(x,y));
+
+      TI i = 0;
+      for ( ; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+          values[i] = p1;
+          values[i+1] = p2;
+          
+	  EvalScaledNextTicTac2 (i+2, x, y, p1, p2);
+	  EvalScaledNextTicTac2 (i+3, x, y, p2, p1);
+	}
+      if (i == n)
+        values[n] = p1;
+
+
+      // EvalScaledMult1Assign (n, x, y, c, values);
+    }
+
+
+    template <int N, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    HD INLINE static void EvalScaledMult (IC<N> n, S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      S p1(c*REC::P1(x,y)), p2(c * REC::P0(x));
+      Iterate<N+1> ([&] (auto i) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                  {
+                    values[i] = p2;
+                    EvalScaledNext2 (i+2, x, y, p1, p2);
+                  });
+    }  
+
+    
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaled1Assign (TI n, S x, Sy y, T && values)
+    {
+      // if (n  < 0) return;
+      EvalScaledMult1Assign (n, x, y, 1.0, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledMult1Assign (TI n, S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      S p1(c*REC::P1(x,y)), p2(c * REC::P0(x));
+      if (n < 0) return;
+
+      TI i = 0;
+      while (true)
+        {
+	  values[i] = p2;
+          if (i == n) break;
+          EvalScaledNext2 (i+2, x, y, p1, p2);
+          i++;
+        }
+
+      /*
+      TI i = 0;
+      goto lab1;
+      while (i <= n)
+        {
+          EvalScaledNext2 (i+1, x, y, p1, p2);
+        lab1:
+	  values[i] = p2;
+          i++;
+        }
+      */
+      
+    }
+
+
+// C++14 only
+#if __cplusplus > 201103L
+    template <int N, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval (IC<N> n, S x, T && values) 
+    {
+      // S p1, p2;
+      // CEvalFO<REC, N>::Eval (x, values, p1, p2);
+      
+      S p1 = REC::P1(x), p2 = REC::P0(x);
+      Iterate<n+1> ( [&] (auto i) LAMBDA_INLINE
+        {
+	  values[i] = p2;
+          RecursivePolynomial<REC>::EvalNext2 (IC<i+2>(), x, p1, p2);
+        } );
+    }
+    
+    template <int N, class S, class Sy, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaled (IC<N> n,
+                                   S x, Sy y, T && values) 
+    {
+      S p1(REC::P1(x,y)), p2(REC::P0(x));
+      Iterate<n+1> ( [&] (auto i) LAMBDA_INLINE
+        {
+          // cout << "eval scaled, type(i) = " << typeid(i).name() << endl;
+	  values[i] = p2;
+          RecursivePolynomial<REC>::EvalScaledNext2 (i+IC<2>(), x, y, p1, p2);
+        });
+    }
+#endif
+
+    template <int N, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalFO (S x, T && values) 
+    {
+      S p1, p2;
+      CEvalFO<REC, N>::Eval (x, values, p1, p2);
+    }
+
+    template <int N, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMultFO (S x, Sc c, T && values) 
+    {
+      S p1, p2;
+      CEvalFO<REC, N>::EvalMult (x, c, values, p1, p2);
+    }
+
+    template <int N, class S, class Sy, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledFO (S x, Sy y, T && values) 
+    {
+      S p1, p2;
+      CEvalFO<REC, N>::EvalScaled (x, y, values, p1, p2);
+    }
+
+    template <int N, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledMultFO (S x, Sy y, Sc c,T && values) 
+    {
+      S p1, p2;
+      CEvalFO<REC, N>::EvalScaledMult (x, y, c, values, p1, p2);
+    }
+
+    enum { ZERO_B = 0 };
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  // P_i = ( (a_i x + b_i) P_{i-1} + c_i P_{i-2} ) / d_i
+  template<class REC>
+  class RecursivePolynomialNonStatic
+  {
+  public:
+
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE void ABC (TI i, double & a, double & b, double & c) const   
+    {
+      a = static_cast<const REC&>(*this).A(i);
+      b = static_cast<const REC&>(*this).B(i);
+      c = static_cast<const REC&>(*this).C(i); 
+      double d = 1.0 / static_cast<const REC&>(*this).D(i);
+      a *= d; b *= d; c *= d;
+    }
+
+    INLINE const REC & Cast() const { return static_cast<const REC &> (*this); }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S>
+    INLINE S EvalNext2 (TI i, S x, S & p1, S & p2) const
+    {
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+	{
+	  S pnew = Cast().A(i) * x * p1 + Cast().C(i)*p2;
+	  p2 = p1;
+	  p1 = pnew;
+	  return p1;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+          // S pnew = (Cast().A(i) * x + Cast().B(i)) * p1 + Cast().C(i)*p2;
+          // S pnew = FMA(Cast().C(i), p2, (Cast().A(i) * x + Cast().B(i)) * p1); // bad
+          S pnew = FMA( FMA(Cast().A(i), x, S(Cast().B(i))), p1, Cast().C(i) * p2);  // good          
+          /*
+          S axpb = (Cast().A(i) * x + Cast().B(i));
+          S hv = Cast().C(i)*p2;
+          S pnew = hv + axpb * p1;
+          */
+	  p2 = p1;
+	  p1 = pnew;
+	  return p1;
+	}
+    }
+
+
+    /*
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S EvalNext (int i, S x, S & p1, S & p2) const
+    {
+      switch (i)
+        {
+        case 0: return p1 = Cast().P0(x);
+        case 1: p2 = p1; return p1 = Cast().P1(x);
+        default:
+          {
+            if (REC::ZERO_B)
+              {
+                S pnew = Cast().A(i) * x * p1 + Cast().C(i)*p2;
+                p2 = p1;
+                p1 = pnew;
+                return p1;
+              }
+            else
+              {
+                S pnew = (Cast().A(i) * x + Cast().B(i)) * p1 + Cast().C(i)*p2;
+                p2 = p1;
+                p1 = pnew;
+                return p1;
+              }
+          }
+        }
+    }
+    */
+
+
+    template <class S, class Sc>
+    INLINE S EvalNextMult (int i, S x, Sc c, S & p1, S & p2)
+    {
+      switch (i)
+        {
+        case 0: return p1 = c * Cast().P0(x);
+        case 1: p2 = p1; return p1 = c * Cast().P1(x);
+        default:
+          {
+            S pnew = REC::ZERO_B ?
+              Cast().A(i) * x * p1 + Cast().C(i)*p2 :
+              (Cast().A(i) * x + Cast().B(i)) * p1 + Cast().C(i)*p2;
+            p2 = p1; p1 = pnew;
+            return p1;
+          }
+        }
+    }
+
+
+    template <typename TI, class S>
+    INLINE S EvalNextTicTac2 (TI i, S x, S & p1, S & p2) const
+    {
+      double a,b,c;
+      static_cast<const REC&> (*this).ABC (i, a, b, c);
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+	{
+	  p1 *= c;
+	  p1 += a*x*p2;
+	  return p1;
+	}
+      else
+	{
+          /*
+	  p1 *= c;
+	  p1 += (a * x + b) * p2;
+          */
+          p1 = FMA(FMA(a,x,S(b)), p2, c*p1);
+	  return p1;
+	}
+    }
+
+    /*
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S EvalNextTicTac (int i, S x, S & p1, S & p2) const
+    {
+      switch (i)
+        {
+        case 0: return p1 = static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x);
+        case 1: return p1 = static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x);
+        default:
+          {
+            double a,b,c;
+            static_cast<const REC&> (*this).ABC (i, a, b, c);
+            
+            if (REC::ZERO_B)
+              {
+                p1 *= c;
+                p1 += a*x*p2;
+                return p1;
+              }
+            else
+              {
+                p1 *= c;
+                p1 += (a * x + b) * p2;
+                return p1;
+              }
+          }
+        }
+    }
+    */
+
+    /*
+    template <class S, class Sc>
+    INLINE S EvalNextMultTicTac (int i, S x, Sc c, S & p1, S & p2) const
+    {
+      switch (i)
+        {
+        case 0: return p1 = c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x);
+        case 1: return p1 = c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x);
+        default: return EvalNextTicTac2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+        }
+    }
+    */
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE S EvalScaledNext2 (TI i, S x, Sy y, S & p1, S & p2) const
+    {
+      if (REC::ZERO_B)
+        {
+          S pnew = Cast().A(i) * x * p1 + Cast().C(i) * (y*y)*p2;
+          // pnew *= 1.0 / Cast().D(i);
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          S pnew = (Cast().A(i) * x + Cast().B(i) * y) * p1 + Cast().C(i) * (y*y)*p2;
+          // pnew *= 1.0 / static_cast<const REC&>(*this).D(i);
+          p2 = p1;
+          p1 = pnew;
+        }
+      return p1;
+    }
+
+    /*
+    // new
+    template <class S, class Sy, class Tc>
+    INLINE S EvalScaledMultNext (int i, S x, Sy y, Tc c, S & p1, S & p2) const
+    {
+      switch (i)
+        {
+        case 0: 
+          return p1 = c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x);
+        case 1: 
+          p2 = p1; return p1 = c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x,y);
+        default:
+          {
+            if (REC::ZERO_B)
+              {
+                S pnew = Cast().A(i) * x * p1 + Cast().C(i) * (y*y)*p2;
+                pnew *= 1.0 / Cast().D(i);
+                p2 = p1;
+                p1 = pnew;
+              }
+            else
+              {
+                S pnew = (Cast().A(i) * x + Cast().B(i) * y) * p1 + Cast().C(i) * (y*y)*p2;
+                pnew *= 1.0 / static_cast<const REC&>(*this).D(i);
+                p2 = p1;
+                p1 = pnew;
+              }
+            return p1;
+          }
+        }
+    }
+    */
+
+
+  public:
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE void Eval (TI n, S x, T && values) const
+    {
+      if (n < 0) return;
+      EvalMult (n, x, 1.0, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE void Eval1Assign (TI n, S x, T && values) const
+    {
+      // if (n < 0) return;
+      EvalMult1Assign (n, x, 1.0, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE void EvalMult (TI n, S x, Sc c, T && values) const
+    {
+      /*
+      S p1, p2;
+
+      if (n < 0) return;
+
+      values[0] = EvalNextMultTicTac(0, x, c, p1, p2);
+      if (n < 1) return;
+
+      values[1] = EvalNextMultTicTac(1, x, c, p2, p1);
+      if (n < 2) return;
+
+      // for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++)
+      // values[i] = EvalNext2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+
+      for (int i = 2; i <= n; i+=2)
+	{	
+	  values[i] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+          if (i == n) break;
+	  values[i+1] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i+1, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      */
+
+      /*
+      // leading !!!!
+      // if (n < 0) return;
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      values[0] = p1;
+      if (n < 1) return;
+
+      S p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x));
+      values[1] = p2;
+
+      for (int i = 2; i <= n; i+=2)
+	{	
+	  values[i] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+          if (i == n) break;
+	  values[i+1] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i+1, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      */
+
+
+      // if (n < 0) return;
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      values[0] = p1;
+      if (n < 1) return;
+
+      S p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x));
+      values[1] = p2;
+
+      TI i = 2;
+      if ( (n&1) == 0)
+        {
+          values[i] = EvalNext2 (i, x, p2, p1);
+          i++;
+        }
+      for ( ; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+	  values[i] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i, x, p1, p2);
+	  values[i+1] = EvalNextTicTac2 (i+1, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+
+
+      
+      /*
+      // if (n < 0) return;
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      values[0] = p1;
+      if (n < 1) return;
+
+      S p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x));
+      values[1] = p2;
+      // if (n < 2) return;
+
+      for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++)
+        values[i] = EvalNext2 (i, x, p2, p1);
+      */
+      
+      /*
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      S p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x));
+      TI i = 0;
+      for ( ; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+          values[i] = p1;
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+          values[i+1] = p2;
+          EvalNextTicTac2 (i+3, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      if (i == n)
+        values[n] = p1;
+      */
+
+      
+      /*
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      S p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x));
+      TI i = 0;
+      for ( ; i <= n; i+=2)
+	{	
+          values[i] = p1;
+          if (i == n) break;
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+          values[i+1] = p2;
+          EvalNextTicTac2 (i+3, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      */
+    }
+
+    template <int N, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE void EvalMult (IC<N> n, S x, Sc c, T && values) const
+    {
+      // S p1(c*REC::P1(x)), p2(c * REC::P0(x));
+
+      S p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x));
+      
+      Iterate<N+1> ([&] (auto i)
+                  {
+                    values[i] = p2;
+                    this->EvalNext2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+                  });
+    }
+
+    template <int N, class S, class Sc, class T1, class T2>
+    INLINE void EvalMult (IC<N> n, S x, Sc c, Class_SBLambdaDuo<T1,T2> && values) const
+    {
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      S p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x));
+
+      size_t i = 0;
+      for ( ; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+          values (i, p1, i+1, p2);
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+3, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      if (i == n)
+        values[n] = p1;
+    }
+    
+
+
+    
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE void EvalMult1Assign (TI n, S x, Sc c, T && values) const
+    {
+      /*
+      S p1(0.0), p2(0.0); // initialize for suppressing warning
+      for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+        values[i] = EvalNextMult (i, x, c, p1, p2);
+      */
+
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x)), 
+        p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      for (TI i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+        {
+	  values[i] = p2;
+          EvalNext2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+        }
+
+    }
+    
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T1, class T2>
+    INLINE void EvalMult (TI n, S x, Sc c, Class_SBLambdaDuo<T1,T2> && values) const
+    {
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      S p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x));
+
+      TI i = 0;
+      for ( ; i < n; i+=2)
+	{	
+          values (i, p1, i+1, p2);
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+	  EvalNextTicTac2 (i+3, x, p2, p1);
+	}
+      if (i == n)
+        values[n] = p1;
+    }
+
+      
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy, class T>
+    INLINE void EvalScaled (TI n, S x, Sy y, T && values) const
+    {
+      EvalScaledMult (n, x, y, 1.0, values);
+    }
+    
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y) const 
+    { 
+      return static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE void EvalScaledMult (TI n, S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values) const
+    {
+      S p1, p2;
+
+      if (n < 0) return;
+
+      values[0] = p2 = c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x);
+      if (n < 1) return;
+
+      values[1] = p1 = c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x,y);
+
+      for (TI i = 2; i <= n; i++)
+        values[i] = EvalScaledNext2 (i, x, y, p1, p2);
+    }
+
+    template <int N, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE void EvalScaledMult (IC<N> n, S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values) const
+    {
+      S p1(c*Cast().P1(x,y)), p2(c * Cast().P0(x));
+      Iterate<N+1> ([&] (auto i) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                  {
+                    values[i] = p2;
+                    this->EvalScaledNext2 (i+2, x, y, p1, p2);
+                  });
+    }  
+    
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE void EvalScaledMult1Assign (TI n, S x, Sy y, Sc c, T && values) const
+    {
+      /*
+      S p1(0.0), p2(0.0);
+      for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+        values[i] = EvalScaledMultNext (i, x, y, c, p1, p2);
+      */
+
+
+      S p1 = c*static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x,y), 
+        p2 = c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x);
+      for (TI i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+        {
+	  values[i] = p2;
+          EvalScaledNext2 (i+2, x, y, p1, p2);
+        }
+      
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S>
+    INLINE S CalcHighestOrder (TI n, S x) const
+    {
+      return CalcHighestOrderMult (n, x, 1.0);
+    }
+    
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc>
+    INLINE S CalcHighestOrderMult (TI n, S x, Sc c) const
+    {
+      S p1(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P1(x)), 
+        p2(c * static_cast<const REC&>(*this).P0(x));
+      for (TI i = 0; i < n; i++)
+        EvalNext2 (i+2, x, p1, p2);
+      return p2;
+    }    
+    
+    enum { ZERO_B = 0 };
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  /* ******************** Legendre Polynomial ****************** */
+
+  class LegendrePolynomial_CalcCoefficient : public RecursivePolynomial<LegendrePolynomial_CalcCoefficient>
+  {
+  public:
+    INLINE LegendrePolynomial_CalcCoefficient () { ; }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    INLINE LegendrePolynomial_CalcCoefficient (int n, S x, T && values)
+    {
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE S P0(S x)  { return S(1.0); }
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x)  { return x; }
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y)  { return P1(x); }
+
+    static INLINE double A (int i) { return 2.0-1.0/i; }
+    static INLINE double B (int i) { return 0; }
+    static INLINE double C (int i) { return 1.0/i-1.0; }
+    enum { ZERO_B = 1 };
+  };
+
+
+
+  class NGS_DLL_HEADER LegendrePolynomial : public RecursivePolynomial<LegendrePolynomial>
+  {
+    static Array< Vec<2> > coefs;
+    
+  public:
+    INLINE LegendrePolynomial () { ; }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    INLINE LegendrePolynomial (int n, S x, T && values)
+    { 
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    static void Calc (int n);
+    static FlatArray<Vec<2>> GetCoefs() { return coefs; }
+
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE double P0(S x)  { return 1.0; }
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x)  { return x; }
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y)  { return P1(x); }
+
+
+    static INLINE double CalcA (int i) { return 2.0-1.0/i; }
+    static INLINE double CalcB (int i) { return 0; }
+    static INLINE double CalcC (int i) { return 1.0/i-1.0; }
+
+    template <typename TI>
+      static INLINE double A (TI i) { return coefs[i][0]; } 
+    template <typename TI>
+      static INLINE double B (TI i) { return 0; }
+    template <typename TI>    
+      static INLINE double C (TI i) { return coefs[i][1]; } 
+    
+    template <int I>
+    static INLINE double A (IC<I> i) { return 2.0-1.0/i; }
+    template <int I>
+    static INLINE double B (IC<I> i) { return 0; }
+    template <int I>
+    static INLINE double C (IC<I> i) { return 1.0/i-1.0; }
+
+    
+    enum { ZERO_B = 1 };
+  };
+
+
+  class LegendrePolynomialNonStatic : public RecursivePolynomialNonStatic<LegendrePolynomialNonStatic>
+  {
+    FlatArray<Vec<2>> coefs;
+  public:
+    LegendrePolynomialNonStatic ()
+      : coefs(LegendrePolynomial::GetCoefs()) { ; }
+
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE double P0(S x) const { return 1.0; }
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x) const { return x; }
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y) const { return P1(x); }
+    
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE double A (TI i) const { return coefs[i][0]; } 
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE double B (TI i) const { return 0; }
+    template <typename TI>    
+    INLINE double C (TI i) const { return coefs[i][1]; } 
+  };
+  
+
+#ifdef __CUDACC__    
+  extern __device__ Vec<2> * intlegnobubble_coefs;
+#endif
+
+  class IntLegNoBubble : public RecursivePolynomial<IntLegNoBubble>
+  {
+    static Array< Vec<2> > coefs;
+
+  public:
+    IntLegNoBubble () { ; }
+    
+    template <class S, class T>
+    inline IntLegNoBubble (int n, S x, T && values)
+    {
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+    
+    static void Calc (int n);
+
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE double P0(S x)  { return -0.5; }
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x)  { return -0.5*x; }
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y)  { return P1(x); }
+
+    static INLINE double A (int i) { return coefs[i][0]; } 
+    static INLINE double B (int i) { return 0; }
+    static INLINE double C (int i) { return coefs[i][1]; } 
+    
+    static INLINE double CalcA (int i) { i+=2; return (2*i-3)/double(i); }
+    static INLINE double CalcB (int i) { return 0; }
+    static INLINE double CalcC (int i) { i+=2; return -(i-3.0)/i; }
+    enum { ZERO_B = 1 };
+  };
+    
+
+
+  
+  class IntegratedLegendrePolynomial : public RecursivePolynomial<IntegratedLegendrePolynomial>
+  {
+    // static Array< double[2] > coefs;
+    
+  public:
+    IntegratedLegendrePolynomial () { ; }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    inline IntegratedLegendrePolynomial (int n, S x, T && values)
+    { 
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    static void Calc (int n);
+
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE S P0(S x)  { return S(-1.0); }
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x)  { return x; }
+    
+    static INLINE double A (int i) { return (2*i-3)/double(i); }
+    static INLINE double B (int i) { return 0; }
+    static INLINE double C (int i) { return -(i-3.0)/i; }
+    enum { ZERO_B = 1 };
+  };
+
+
+
+  class ChebyPolynomial : public RecursivePolynomial<ChebyPolynomial>
+  {
+  public:
+    ChebyPolynomial () { ; }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    inline ChebyPolynomial (int n, S x, T && values)
+    { 
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE double P0(S x)  { return 1.0; }
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x)  { return x; }
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    static INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y)  { return P1(x); }
+
+    static INLINE double A (int i) { return 2; } 
+    static INLINE double B (int i) { return 0; }
+    static INLINE double C (int i) { return -1; }
+
+    static INLINE double CalcA (int i) { return 2; } 
+    static INLINE double CalcB (int i) { return 0; }
+    static INLINE double CalcC (int i) { return -1; }
+
+    enum { ZERO_B = 1 };
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+  /*
+    LegendreFunctions(m).Eval(n, x, values)
+    evaluates the first (n+1) non-zero associated Legendre functions of order m,
+    which are P_m^m(x) ... P_{m+n}^m
+  */
+  class LegendreFunctions : public RecursivePolynomialNonStatic<LegendreFunctions>
+  {
+    int  m;
+  public:
+    LegendreFunctions (size_t _m) : m(_m) { }
+
+    template <typename T, typename S>
+    LegendreFunctions (size_t mmax, size_t n, T x, S && values)
+    {
+      values.Rows(m+1).Cols(n+1) = 0.0;
+      for (size_t i = 0; i <= mmax; i++)
+        {
+          LegendreFunctions l2(i);
+          l2.Eval(n-i, x, values.Row(i).Range(i,n-i+1));
+        }
+    }
+    
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE double P0(S x) const
+    {
+      S prod = 1.0;
+      double factor = 1;
+      S somx2 = sqrt(1.0-x*x);
+      for (size_t i = 1; i <= m; i++)
+        {
+          prod *= -factor * somx2;
+          factor += 2;
+        }
+      return prod;
+    }
+    
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x) const 
+    { 
+      return (2*m+1)*x * P0(x);
+    }
+    
+    template <typename TI>
+    // INLINE const double A (TI i) const { return (2*(i+m)-1)/double(i); }
+    INLINE const double A (TI i) const
+    {
+      int ii = i; int im = m;
+      double a = (2*(ii+im)-1)/double(i); return a;
+    } 
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE const double B (TI i) const { return 0; } 
+    template <typename TI>
+    // INLINE const double C (TI i) const { return (-i-2*m+1)/double(i); }
+    INLINE const double C (TI i) const
+    {
+      int ii = i; int im = m;
+      double c = (-ii-2*im+1)/double(ii); return c;
+    } 
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE const double D (TI i) const { return 1; } 
+  };
+  
+
+
+  /*
+    sqrt( (2n+1) * (n-m)! / (n+m)! ) * P^m_n
+  */
+  class NormalizedLegendreFunctions : public RecursivePolynomialNonStatic<NormalizedLegendreFunctions>
+  {
+    int  m;
+    static Matrix<double,ColMajor> matA, matB;
+  public:
+    NormalizedLegendreFunctions (size_t _m) : m(_m) { }
+    
+
+    static void Calc(int mmax)
+    {
+      if (matA.Height() >= mmax+1) return;
+      matA.SetSize(mmax+1, mmax+1);
+      matB.SetSize(mmax+1, mmax+1);
+      for (int m = 0; m <= mmax; m++)
+        for (int n = m+2; n <= mmax; n++)
+          {
+            matA(n,m) = (2*n-1) / sqrt((n-m+0.0)*(n+m));
+            matB(n,m) = sqrt((n+m-1.0)*(n-m-1.0)) / sqrt((n-m+0.0)*(n+m));
+          }
+    }
+    
+    template <typename T, typename S>
+    NormalizedLegendreFunctions (size_t mmax, size_t nmax, T x, S && values)
+    {
+      /*
+      values.Rows(mmax+1).Cols(nmax+1) = 0.0;
+      for (size_t i = 0; i <= mmax; i++)
+        NormalizedLegendreFunctions(i).Eval(nmax-i, x, values.Row(i).Range(i,nmax+1));
+      */
+
+      // better stability for m > 1000
+
+      auto y = Trans(values);
+      
+      y = 0.0;
+      T u = -sqrt((1-x)*(1+x));
+      y(0,0)=1;
+
+      if (mmax+1 > matA.Height() || nmax > matA.Width())
+        {
+          for (int m = 0; m <= mmax; m++)
+            {
+              if (m > 0)
+                y(m,m)=y(m-1,m-1)*u*sqrt((2*m-1.0)/(2*m));
+              if (m < nmax)
+                y(m+1,m)=x*y(m,m)*sqrt(2*m+1.0);
+              for (int n = m+2; n <= nmax; n++)
+                y(n,m)=((2*n-1)*x*y(n-1,m) - 
+                        sqrt((n+m-1.0)*(n-m-1.0))*y(n-2,m))
+                  /sqrt((n-m+0.0)*(n+m));
+            }
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          for (int m = 0; m <= mmax; m++)
+            {
+              if (m > 0)
+                y(m,m)=y(m-1,m-1)*u*sqrt((2*m-1.0)/(2*m));
+              if (m < nmax)
+                {
+                  T valold = y(m,m);
+                  
+                  T val = x*valold*sqrt(2*m+1.0);
+                  y(m+1,m)=val;
+                  
+                  auto coefsA = matA.Col(m);
+                  auto coefsB = matB.Col(m);
+                  
+                  for (int n = m+2; n <= nmax; n++)
+                    {
+                      T valnew = coefsA(n) * x * val - coefsB(n) * valold;
+                      y(n,m) = valnew;
+                      valold = val;
+                      val = valnew;
+                    }
+                }
+              /*
+              for (int n = m+2; n <= nmax; n++)
+                y(n,m) = matA(n,m) * x * y(n-1,m) - matB(n,m) * y(n-2,m);
+              */
+            }
+        }
+      
+      for (int n = 0; n <= nmax; n++)
+        y.Row(n).Range(0,n+1) *= sqrt(2*n+1.0);
+        /*
+        for (int m = 0; m <= n; m++)
+          y(n,m)=y(n,m)*sqrt(2*n+1.0);
+        */
+    }
+    
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE double P0(S x) const
+    {
+      S prod = 2*m+1;
+      for (size_t i = 1; i <= m; i++)
+        prod *= (1-x*x) * (1 - 1.0/(2*i));
+      return sqrt(prod) * ( (m%2) ? -1 : 1 );
+    }
+    
+    template <class S>
+  INLINE S P1(S x) const 
+    { 
+      return sqrt(2*m+3.0)*x * P0(x);
+    }
+    
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE const double A (TI i) const
+    {
+      int ii = i, im = m;
+      return sqrt( (2*ii+2*im-1.0)*(2*ii+2*im+1.0) / (ii*(ii+2*im)) );
+    } 
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE double B (TI i) const { return 0; } 
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE const double C (TI i) const
+    {
+      int ii = i, im = m;      
+      return -sqrt( (ii-1)*(ii+2*im-1.0)*(2*ii+2*im+1.0) / (ii*(ii+2*im)*(2*ii+2*im-3.0)) );
+    }
+    
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE const double D (TI i) const { return 1; } 
+  };
+
+
+
+  
+  
+    
+
+  /* ******************** Jacobi Polynomial  (with fixed alpha, beta)  ************ */
+
+  template <int al, int be>
+  class JacobiPolynomialFix : public RecursivePolynomial<JacobiPolynomialFix<al,be> >
+  {
+  public:
+    JacobiPolynomialFix () { ; }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    inline JacobiPolynomialFix (int n, S x, T && values)
+    {
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    // typedef RecursivePolynomial<JacobiPolynomialFix<al,be> > BASE;
+    // using BASE::EvalFO;
+    
+    template <class S>
+    static INLINE S P0(S x) { return S(1.0); }
+    template <class S>
+    // static INLINE S P1(S x) { return 0.5 * (2*(al+1)+(al+be+2)*(x-1)); }
+    static INLINE S P1(S x) { return 0.5*(2*(al+1)-(al+be+2)) + 0.5*(al+be+2)*x; }
+    
+    template <class S>
+    // static INLINE S P1(S x, S y) { return 0.5 * (2*(al+1)*y+(al+be+2)*(x-y)); }
+    static INLINE S P1(S x, S y) { return 0.5*(al+be+2)*x+0.5*(al-be)*y; }
+      
+    static INLINE double CalcA (int i) 
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be)*(2*i+al+be+1)*(2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    static INLINE double CalcB (int i)
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be+1)*(al*al-be*be) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    static INLINE double CalcC (int i) 
+    { i--; return -2.0*(i+al)*(i+be) * (2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+
+    static INLINE double A (int i) { return CalcA (i); }
+    static INLINE double B (int i) { return CalcB (i); }
+    static INLINE double C (int i) { return CalcC (i); }
+  };
+
+
+
+  class JacobiPolynomial2 : public RecursivePolynomialNonStatic<JacobiPolynomial2>
+  {
+    double al, be;
+  public:
+    JacobiPolynomial2 (double a, double b) : al(a), be(b) { ; }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    inline JacobiPolynomial2 (int n, S x, double alpha, double beta, T && values)
+      : al(alpha), be(beta)
+    {
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P0(S x) const { return S(1.0); }
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x) const { return 0.5 * (2*(al+1)+(al+be+2)*(x-1)); }
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x, S y) const { return 0.5 * (2*(al+1)*y+(al+be+2)*(x-y)); }
+      
+    INLINE double A (int i) const
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be)*(2*i+al+be+1)*(2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    INLINE double B (int i) const
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be+1)*(al*al-be*be) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    INLINE double C (int i) const
+    { i--; return -2.0*(i+al)*(i+be) * (2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    INLINE double D (int i) const { return 1; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+#ifdef __CUDACC__    
+  // __device__ Vec<3> * jacobialpha_coefs;
+  extern __device__ double jacobialpha_coefs[100][100][4];
+  extern __device__ int jacobialpha_maxn;
+#endif
+
+  
+  class JacobiPolynomialAlpha : public RecursivePolynomialNonStatic<JacobiPolynomialAlpha>
+  {
+  public:
+    /*
+    static Array< Vec<4> > coefs;
+    static int maxnp;
+    */
+    static constexpr size_t maxnp = 128;
+    static constexpr size_t maxalpha = 128;
+    static Vec<4> coefs[maxnp*maxalpha];
+    size_t n2;
+    Vec<4> * coefsal;
+  public:
+    INLINE JacobiPolynomialAlpha (size_t a) 
+    { 
+      // offset = alpha*maxnp;
+      coefsal = &coefs[a*maxnp];
+      n2 = 2*maxnp;
+      // coefsal = &jacobialpha_coefs[alpha*(jacobialpha_maxn+1)];      
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    INLINE JacobiPolynomialAlpha (int n, S x, int a, T && values)
+    { 
+      // offset = alpha*(maxn+1);
+      coefsal = &coefs[a*maxnp];
+      n2 = 2*maxnp;
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    void IncAlpha2 () { coefsal += n2; }
+    static void Calc (int n, int maxalpha);
+
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE double P0(S x) const { return 1.0; }
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x) const 
+    { 
+      return FMA (coefsal[1][0],x,S(coefsal[1][1])); 
+    }
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y) const 
+    { 
+      return FMA(coefsal[1][0],x,coefsal[1][1]*y);
+    }
+
+
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE const double & A (TI i) const { return coefsal[i][0]; } 
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE const double & B (TI i) const { return coefsal[i][1]; } 
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE const double & C (TI i) const { return coefsal[i][2]; } 
+
+    template <typename TI>
+    INLINE void ABC (TI i, double & a, double & b, double & c) const   
+    {
+      a = A(i);
+      b = B(i);
+      c = C(i);
+    }
+
+    enum { ZERO_B = 0 };
+
+
+    static INLINE double CalcA (int i, double al, double be) 
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be)*(2*i+al+be+1)*(2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    static INLINE double CalcB (int i, double al, double be)
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be+1)*(al*al-be*be) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    static INLINE double CalcC (int i, double al, double be)
+    { i--; return -2.0*(i+al)*(i+be) * (2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+
+    static INLINE double D (int i) { return 1; }
+  };
+
+
+
+  /*
+// see Beuchler+Schoeberl : New shape functions for trigs, formula (2.11)
+class IntJacobiPolynomialAlpha : public RecursivePolynomialNonStatic<IntJacobiPolynomialAlpha>
+  {
+  public:
+    int alpha;
+
+  public:
+    IntJacobiPolynomialAlpha (int a) : alpha(a) 
+    { 
+      ;
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    inline IntJacobiPolynomialAlpha (int n, S x, int a, T && values)
+      : alpha(a)
+    { 
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE double P0(S x) const { return 1.0; }
+
+    // d/dx  ( (x+1) P1) =  0.5*(alpha+2) x + 0.5 * alpha;
+    // (x+1) P1 = 0.25*(alpha+2) x^2 + 0.5 * alpha * x  - 0.25*(alpha+2) (-1)^2 - 0.5*alpha*(-1)
+    // = 0.25*(alpha+2) (x-1)*(x+1)  + 0.5 * alpha (x+1)
+    // P1 = 0.25*(alpha+2)(x-1) + 0.5 * alpha
+    
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x) const 
+    { 
+      return 0.25 * (alpha+2)*x + 0.25*(alpha-2);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y) const 
+    { 
+      return 0.25 * (alpha+2)*x + 0.25*(alpha-2) * y;
+    }
+
+    INLINE double A (int i) const { return CalcA (i, alpha, 0); }
+    INLINE double B (int i) const { return CalcB (i, alpha, 0); }
+    INLINE double C (int i) const { return CalcC (i, alpha, 0); }
+
+    enum { ZERO_B = 0 };
+
+    static double CalcA (int n, double al, double be) 
+    { return (2.0*n+al-1)*(2*n+al-2)*(2*n+al) / ( (2*n+2) * (n+al) * (2*n+al-2) ); }
+    static double CalcB (int n, double al, double be)
+    { return (2.0*n+al-1)*al * (al-2) / ( (2*n+2) * (n+al) * (2*n+al-2) ); }
+    static double CalcC (int n, double al, double be)
+    { return - 2*(n-1)*(n+al-2)*(2*n+al) / ( (2*n+2) * (n+al) * (2*n+al-2) ); }
+
+    INLINE double D (int i) const { return 1; }
+  };
+  */
+
+
+
+
+// see Beuchler+Schoeberl : New shape functions for trigs, formula (2.11)
+// \int_(-1)^x P^(alpha,0)(s) ds   /  (1-s)
+class IntegratedJacobiPolynomialAlpha : public RecursivePolynomialNonStatic<IntegratedJacobiPolynomialAlpha>
+  {
+  public:
+    static Array< Vec<4> > coefs;
+    int alpha;
+    static int maxn;
+    Vec<4> * coefsal;
+
+  public:
+    IntegratedJacobiPolynomialAlpha (int a) : alpha(a) 
+    { 
+      coefsal = &coefs[alpha*(maxn+1)];
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class T>
+    inline IntegratedJacobiPolynomialAlpha (int n, S x, int a, T && values)
+      : alpha(a)
+    { 
+      coefsal = &coefs[alpha*(maxn+1)];
+      Eval (n, x, values);
+    }
+
+    static void Calc (int n, int maxalpha);
+
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE double P0(S x) const { return 1.0; }
+
+    // d/dx  ( (x+1) P1) =  0.5*(alpha+2) x + 0.5 * alpha;
+    // (x+1) P1 = 0.25*(alpha+2) x^2 + 0.5 * alpha * x  - 0.25*(alpha+2) (-1)^2 - 0.5*alpha*(-1)
+    // = 0.25*(alpha+2) (x-1)*(x+1)  + 0.5 * alpha (x+1)
+    // P1 = 0.25*(alpha+2)(x-1) + 0.5 * alpha
+    
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x) const 
+    { 
+      return coefsal[1][0]*x+coefsal[1][1]; 
+      // return 0.25 * (alpha+2)*x + 0.25*(alpha-2);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sy>
+    INLINE S P1(S x, Sy y) const 
+    { 
+      return coefsal[1][0]*x+coefsal[1][1]*y; 
+      // return 0.25 * (alpha+2)*x + 0.25*(alpha-2) * y;
+    }
+
+
+    INLINE double A (int i) const { return coefsal[i][0]; } 
+    INLINE double B (int i) const { return coefsal[i][1]; } 
+    INLINE double C (int i) const { return coefsal[i][2]; } 
+    /*
+    INLINE double A (int i) const { return CalcA (i, alpha, 0); }
+    INLINE double B (int i) const { return CalcB (i, alpha, 0); }
+    INLINE double C (int i) const { return CalcC (i, alpha, 0); }
+    */
+    enum { ZERO_B = 0 };
+
+    static double CalcA (int n, double al, double be) 
+    { return (2.0*n+al-1)*(2*n+al-2)*(2*n+al) / ( (2*n+2) * (n+al) * (2*n+al-2) ); }
+    static double CalcB (int n, double al, double be)
+    { return (2.0*n+al-1)*al * (al-2) / ( (2*n+2) * (n+al) * (2*n+al-2) ); }
+    static double CalcC (int n, double al, double be)
+    { return - 2*(n-1)*(n+al-2)*(2*n+al) / ( (2*n+2) * (n+al) * (2*n+al-2) ); }
+
+    INLINE double D (int i) const { return 1; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  class JacobiPolynomialNew : public RecursivePolynomialNonStatic<JacobiPolynomialNew>
+  {
+  protected:
+    double al, be;
+
+  public:
+    INLINE JacobiPolynomialNew (double alpha, double beta) : al(alpha), be(beta) { ; }
+
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE double P0(S x) const { return 1.0; }
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x) const 
+    { 
+      return 0.5 * (2*(al+1)+(al+be+2)*(x-1));
+    }
+    template <class S>
+    INLINE S P1(S x, S y) const 
+    { 
+      return 0.5 * (2*(al+1)*y+(al+be+2)*(x-y));
+    }
+
+    enum { ZERO_B = 0 };
+
+    INLINE double A (int i) const
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be)*(2*i+al+be+1)*(2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    INLINE double B (int i) const
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be+1)*(al*al-be*be) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    INLINE double C (int i) const
+    { i--; return -2.0*(i+al)*(i+be) * (2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+
+    INLINE double D (int i) const { return 1; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  /*
+  class JacobiPolynomial2 : public RecursivePolynomial<JacobiPolynomial2>
+  {
+    double al, be;
+  public:
+    JacobiPolynomial2 (double aal, double abe) : al(aal), be(abe) { ; }
+
+    template <class S>
+    S P0(S x) const { return S(1.0); }
+    template <class S>
+    S P1(S x) const { return 0.5 * (2*(al+1)+(al+be+2)*(x-1)); }
+      
+    double A (int i) const 
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be)*(2*i+al+be+1)*(2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    double B (int i) const
+    { i--; return (2.0*i+al+be+1)*(al*al-be*be) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+    double C (int i) const 
+    { i--; return -2.0*(i+al)*(i+be) * (2*i+al+be+2) / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be)); }
+  };
+  */
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+  INLINE void LegendrePolynomialMult (int n, S x, Sc c , T && values)
+  {
+    LegendrePolynomial leg;
+    leg.EvalMult (n, x, c, values);
+  }
+
+
+
+
+  template <class S, class T>
+  inline void JacobiPolynomial (int n, S x, double alpha, double beta, T && values)
+  {
+    S p1(1.0), p2(0.0), p3;
+
+    if (n >= 0) 
+      values[0] = p2 = 1.0;
+    if (n >= 1) 
+      values[1] = p1 = 0.5 * (2*(alpha+1)+(alpha+beta+2)*(x-1));
+
+    for (int i  = 1; i < n; i++)
+      {
+	p3 = p2; p2=p1;
+	p1 =
+	  1.0 / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+alpha+beta+1) * (2*i+alpha+beta) ) *
+	  ( 
+	   ( (2*i+alpha+beta+1)*(alpha*alpha-beta*beta) + 
+	     (2*i+alpha+beta)*(2*i+alpha+beta+1)*(2*i+alpha+beta+2) * x) 
+	   * p2
+	   - 2*(i+alpha)*(i+beta) * (2*i+alpha+beta+2) * p3
+	   );
+	values[i+1] = p1;
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+  inline void JacobiPolynomialMult (int n, S x, double alpha, double beta, Sc c, T && values)
+  {
+    S p1 = c, p2(0.0), p3;
+
+    if (n >= 0) 
+      p2 = values[0] = c;
+    if (n >= 1) 
+      p1 = values[1] = 0.5 * c * (2*(alpha+1)+(alpha+beta+2)*(x-1));
+
+    for (int i  = 1; i < n; i++)
+      {
+	p3 = p2; p2=p1;
+	p1 =
+	  1.0 / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+alpha+beta+1) * (2*i+alpha+beta) ) *
+	  ( 
+	   ( (2*i+alpha+beta+1)*(alpha*alpha-beta*beta) + 
+	     (2*i+alpha+beta)*(2*i+alpha+beta+1)*(2*i+alpha+beta+2) * x) 
+	   * p2
+	   - 2*(i+alpha)*(i+beta) * (2*i+alpha+beta+2) * p3
+	   );
+	values[i+1] = p1;
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <class S, class St, class T>
+  inline void ScaledJacobiPolynomial (int n, S x, St t, double alpha, double beta, T && values)
+  {
+    /*
+      S p1 = 1.0, p2 = 0.0, p3;
+
+      if (n >= 0) values[0] = 1.0;
+    */
+
+    S p1(1.0), p2(0.0), p3;
+
+    if (n >= 0) 
+      p2 = values[0] = 1.0;
+    if (n >= 1) 
+      p1 = values[1] = 0.5 * (2*(alpha+1)*t+(alpha+beta+2)*(x-t));
+
+    for (int i=1; i < n; i++)
+      {
+	p3 = p2; p2=p1;
+	p1 =
+	  1.0 / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+alpha+beta+1) * (2*i+alpha+beta) ) *
+	  ( 
+	   ( (2*i+alpha+beta+1)*(alpha*alpha-beta*beta) * t + 
+	     (2*i+alpha+beta)*(2*i+alpha+beta+1)*(2*i+alpha+beta+2) * x) 
+	   * p2
+	   - 2*(i+alpha)*(i+beta) * (2*i+alpha+beta+2) * t * t * p3
+	   );
+	values[i+1] = p1;
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <class S, class St, class Sc, class T>
+  inline void ScaledJacobiPolynomialMult (int n, S x, St t, double alpha, double beta, Sc c, T && values)
+  {
+    /*
+      S p1 = 1.0, p2 = 0.0, p3;
+      if (n >= 0) values[0] = 1.0;
+    */
+
+    S p1 = c, p2(0.0), p3;
+
+    if (n >= 0) 
+      p2 = values[0] = c;
+    if (n >= 1) 
+      p1 = values[1] = 0.5 * c * (2*(alpha+1)*t+(alpha+beta+2)*(x-t));
+
+    for (int i=1; i < n; i++)
+      {
+	p3 = p2; p2=p1;
+	p1 =
+	  1.0 / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+alpha+beta+1) * (2*i+alpha+beta) ) *
+	  ( 
+	   ( (2*i+alpha+beta+1)*(alpha*alpha-beta*beta) * t + 
+	     (2*i+alpha+beta)*(2*i+alpha+beta+1)*(2*i+alpha+beta+2) * x) 
+	   * p2
+	   - 2*(i+alpha)*(i+beta) * (2*i+alpha+beta+2) * t * t * p3
+	   );
+	values[i+1] = p1;
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <int n, int i, int alpha0, int beta>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO
+  {
+  public:
+    template <class S, class T>
+    static void Eval (S x, T && values)
+    {
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<n, i-1, alpha0, beta>::Eval (x, values);
+
+      S p1, p2;
+      CEvalFO<JacobiPolynomialFix<alpha0+2*i, beta>, n-i>::Eval (x, values.Row(i), p1, p2);
+
+      // why not ???
+      // JacobiPolynomialFix<alpha0+2*i, beta>::EvalFO<n-i> (x, values.Row(i));
+
+
+      // typedef JacobiPolynomialFix<alpha0+2*i, beta> JAC;
+      // JAC::EvalFO<n-i> (x, values.Row(i));
+      // JacobiPolynomialFix<1,2>::EvalFO<n-i> (hx, hmat.Row(i));
+    }
+
+
+    template <class S, class St, class T>
+    static void EvalScaled (S x, St t, T && values)
+    {
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<n, i-1, alpha0, beta>::EvalScaled (x, t, values);
+      // JacobiPolynomialFO<n-i, alpha0+2*i, beta>::Eval (x, values.Row(i));
+
+      JacobiPolynomialFix<alpha0+2*i, beta> jac;
+      S p1, p2;
+      CEvalFO<JacobiPolynomialFix<alpha0+2*i, beta>, n-i>::EvalScaled (x, t, values.Row(i), p1, p2);
+    }    
+  };
+  
+  template <int n, int alpha0, int beta>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<n, -1, alpha0, beta>
+  {
+  public:
+    template <class S, class T>
+    static void Eval (S x, T && values)
+    { ; }
+    template <class S, class St, class T>
+    static void EvalScaled (S x, St t, T && values)
+    { ; }
+  };
+  
+  
+
+
+  template <int n, int i, int alpha0, int beta>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsPowFO
+  {
+  public:
+    template <class S, class T>
+    static S Eval (S x, T && values)
+    {
+      S power = DubinerJacobiPolynomialsPowFO<n, i-1, alpha0, beta>::Eval (x, values);
+      S p1, p2;
+      CEvalFO<JacobiPolynomialFix<alpha0+2*i, beta>, n-i>::EvalMult (x, power, values.Row(i), p1, p2);
+      return power * (1.0-x)*0.5;
+    }
+
+
+    template <class S, class St, class T>
+    static S EvalScaled (S x, St t, T && values)
+    {
+      S power = DubinerJacobiPolynomialsPowFO<n, i-1, alpha0, beta>::EvalScaled (x, t, values);
+      S p1, p2;
+      CEvalFO<JacobiPolynomialFix<alpha0+2*i, beta>, n-i>::EvalScaledMult (x, t, power, values.Row(i), p1, p2);
+      return power * (1.0-x)*0.5;
+    }
+  };
+  
+  template <int n, int alpha0, int beta>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsPowFO<n, -1, alpha0, beta>
+  {
+  public:
+    template <class S, class T>
+    static S Eval (S x, T && values)
+    { return 1.0; }
+    template <class S, class St, class T>
+    static S EvalScaled (S x, St t, T && values)
+    { return 1.0; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+#ifdef OLD
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, class S, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomials2 (int n, S x, T && values)
+  {
+    switch (n)
+      {
+      case 0: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<0, 0, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 1: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<1, 1, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 2: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<2, 2, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 3: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<3, 3, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 4: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<4, 4, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 5: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<5, 5, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 6: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<6, 6, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 7: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<7, 7, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 8: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<8, 8, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 9: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<9, 9, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      case 10: DubinerJacobiPolynomialsFO<10, 10, ALPHA0, BETA>::Eval (x, values); break;
+      default: DubinerJacobiPolynomials1 (n, x, ALPHA0, BETA, values);
+      }
+  }
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+
+  // compute J_j^{2i+alpha0, beta} (x),  for i+j <= n
+
+  template <class S, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomials1 (int n, S x, int alpha0, int beta, T && values)
+  {
+    for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+      JacobiPolynomial (n-i, x, alpha0+2*i, beta, values.Row(i));
+  }
+
+
+  template <class S, class St, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaled1 (int n, S x, St t, int alpha0, int beta, T && values)
+  {
+    for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+      ScaledJacobiPolynomial (n-i, x, t, alpha0+2*i, beta, values.Row(i));
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, int DIAG, int ORDER = DIAG>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag
+  {
+  public:
+    template<class S, class Thelp, class T>
+    INLINE static void Step (S x, Thelp & help, T & values)
+    {
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, DIAG, ORDER-1>::Step (x, help, values);
+      typedef JacobiPolynomialFix<ALPHA0+2*(DIAG-ORDER), BETA> REC;
+      
+      if (ORDER == 0)
+	help[DIAG-ORDER][0] = REC::P0(x);
+      else if (ORDER == 1)
+	{
+	  help[DIAG-ORDER][0] = REC::P1(x);
+	  help[DIAG-ORDER][1] = REC::P0(x);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+          Swap (help[DIAG-ORDER][0], help[DIAG-ORDER][1]);
+	  REC::EvalNextTicTac (ORDER, x, help[DIAG-ORDER][0], help[DIAG-ORDER][1]);
+	}
+      values(DIAG-ORDER, ORDER) = help[DIAG-ORDER][0];
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, int DIAG>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, DIAG, -1>
+  {
+  public:
+    template<class S, class Thelp, class T>
+    INLINE static void Step (S x, Thelp & help, T & values) {;}
+  };
+
+  
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, class S, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomials (int n, S x, T && values)
+  {
+    S help[20][2];
+    if (n < 0) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 0>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 1) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 1>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 2) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 2>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 3) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 3>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 4) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 4>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 5) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 5>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 6) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 6>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 7) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 7>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 8) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 8>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 9) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 9>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 10) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 10>::Step (x, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 11) return;
+
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomials1 (n, x, ALPHA0, BETA, values);
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, int DIAG, int ORDER = DIAG>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag
+  {
+  public:
+    template<class S, class St, class Thelp, class T>
+    INLINE static void Step (S x, St t, Thelp & help, T & values)
+    {
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, DIAG, ORDER-1>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+      typedef JacobiPolynomialFix<ALPHA0+2*(DIAG-ORDER), BETA> REC;
+      
+      if (ORDER == 0)
+	help[DIAG-ORDER][0] = REC::P0(x);
+      else if (ORDER == 1)
+	{
+	  help[DIAG-ORDER][0] = REC::P1(x,t);
+	  help[DIAG-ORDER][1] = REC::P0(x);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  REC::EvalScaledNext (ORDER, x, t, help[DIAG-ORDER][0], help[DIAG-ORDER][1]);
+	}
+      values(DIAG-ORDER, ORDER) = help[DIAG-ORDER][0];
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, int DIAG>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, DIAG, -1>
+  {
+  public:
+    template<class S, class St, class Thelp, class T>
+    INLINE static void Step (S x, St t, Thelp & help, T & values) {;}
+  };
+
+  
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, class S, class St, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaled (int n, S x, St t, T && values)
+  {
+    S help[20][2];
+    if (n < 0) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 0>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 1) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 1>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 2) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 2>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 3) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 3>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 4) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 4>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 5) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 5>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 6) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 6>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 7) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 7>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 8) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 8>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 9) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 9>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 10) return;
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag<ALPHA0, BETA, 10>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    if (n < 11) return;
+
+    DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaled1 (n, x, t, ALPHA0, BETA, values);
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  inline int TrigIndex(int i, int j, int n)
+  {
+    return j + i*(2*n+3-i)/2;
+  }
+
+
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, int DIAG, int ORDER = DIAG>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear
+  {
+  public:
+    template<class S, class Thelp, class T>
+    INLINE static void Step (S x, Thelp & help, T & values)
+    {
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, DIAG, ORDER-1>::Step (x, help, values);
+      typedef JacobiPolynomialFix<ALPHA0+2*(DIAG-ORDER), BETA> REC;
+      
+
+      if (ORDER == 0)
+	help(DIAG-ORDER,0) *= REC::P0(x);
+      else if (ORDER == 1)
+	{
+	  help(DIAG-ORDER,1) = help(DIAG-ORDER,0);
+	  help(DIAG-ORDER,0) *= REC::P1(x) / REC::P0(x);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+          Swap (help(DIAG-ORDER,0), help(DIAG-ORDER,1));
+	  REC::EvalNextTicTac (ORDER, x, help(DIAG-ORDER,0), help(DIAG-ORDER,1));
+	}
+      values[TrigIndex(ORDER,DIAG-ORDER,help.Height()-1)] = help(DIAG-ORDER,0);
+
+
+      /*
+	 .// hat aber nichts gebracht ...
+      if (ORDER == 0)
+	help(DIAG-ORDER,0) *= REC::P0(x);
+      else if (ORDER == 1)
+	{
+	  // help(DIAG-ORDER,1) = help(DIAG-ORDER,0);
+	  help(DIAG-ORDER,1) = REC::P1(x) / REC::P0(x) * help(DIAG-ORDER,0);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+          // Swap (help(DIAG-ORDER,0), help(DIAG-ORDER,1));
+	  if ( ((DIAG-ORDER) % 2) == 0 )
+	    REC::EvalNext (ORDER, x, help(DIAG-ORDER,0), help(DIAG-ORDER,1));
+	  else
+	    REC::EvalNext (ORDER, x, help(DIAG-ORDER,1), help(DIAG-ORDER,0));
+	}
+      if ( (DIAG-ORDER) % 2 )
+	values[TrigIndex(ORDER,DIAG-ORDER,help.Height()-1)] = help(DIAG-ORDER,1);
+      else
+	values[TrigIndex(ORDER,DIAG-ORDER,help.Height()-1)] = help(DIAG-ORDER,0);
+      */
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, int DIAG>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, DIAG, -1>
+  {
+  public:
+    template<class S, class Thelp, class T>
+    INLINE static void Step (S x, Thelp & help, T & values) {;}
+  };
+
+  
+  template<class S, class Thelp, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear1 (double alpha0, double beta0, 
+					     int diag, S x, Thelp & help, T & values)
+  {
+    for (int order = 0; order <= diag; order++)
+      {
+	double al = alpha0 + 2*(diag-order);
+	double be = beta0;
+
+	if (order == 0)
+	  help(diag-order,0) *= 1; // REC::P0(x);
+	else if (order == 1)
+	  {
+	    help(diag-order,1) = help(diag-order,0);
+	    help(diag-order,0) *= 0.5 * (2*(al+1)+(al+be+2)*(x-1));
+	  }
+	else
+	  {
+	    // REC::EvalNext (ORDER, x, help(DIAG-ORDER,0), help(DIAG-ORDER,1));
+	    // S pnew = (REC::A(i) * x + REC::B(i)) * p1 + REC::C(i) * p2;
+
+	    S p1 = help(diag-order,0);
+	    S p2 = help(diag-order,1);
+	    
+	    int i = order-1;
+	    S pnew =
+	      1.0 / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be) ) *
+	      ( 
+	       ( (2*i+al+be+1)*(al*al-be*be) + 
+		 (2*i+al+be)*(2*i+al+be+1)*(2*i+al+be+2) * x) 
+	       * p1
+	       - 2*(i+al)*(i+be) * (2*i+al+be+2) * p2
+	       );
+
+	    help(diag-order,0) = pnew;
+	    help(diag-order,1) = p1;
+	  }
+	values[TrigIndex(order,diag-order,help.Height()-1)] = help(diag-order,0);
+      
+      }
+  }
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomials_Linear (int n, S x, Sy y, Sc c, T & values)
+  {
+    ArrayMem<S,40> hmem(2*(n+1));
+    FlatMatrixFixWidth<2,S> help(n+1, &hmem[0]);
+
+    LegendrePolynomial leg;
+    leg.EvalScaledMult (n, 2*y+x-1, 1-x, c, help.Col(0));
+
+    x = 2*x-1;
+    if (n >= 0) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 0>::Step (x, help, values);
+    if (n >= 1) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 1>::Step (x, help, values);
+    if (n >= 2) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 2>::Step (x, help, values);
+    if (n >= 3) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 3>::Step (x, help, values);
+    if (n >= 4) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 4>::Step (x, help, values);
+    if (n >= 5) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 5>::Step (x, help, values);
+    if (n >= 6) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 6>::Step (x, help, values);
+    if (n >= 7) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 7>::Step (x, help, values);
+    if (n >= 8) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 8>::Step (x, help, values);
+    
+    for (int i = 9; i <= n; i++)
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsDiag_Linear1 (ALPHA0, BETA, i, x, help, values);
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, int DIAG, int ORDER = DIAG>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear
+  {
+  public:
+    template<class S, class St, class Thelp, class T>
+    INLINE static void Step (S x, St t, Thelp & help, T & values)
+    {
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, DIAG, ORDER-1>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+      typedef JacobiPolynomialFix<ALPHA0+2*(DIAG-ORDER), BETA> REC;
+      
+      if (ORDER == 0)
+	help(DIAG-ORDER,0) *= REC::P0(x);
+      else if (ORDER == 1)
+	{
+	  help(DIAG-ORDER,1) = help(DIAG-ORDER,0);
+	  help(DIAG-ORDER,0) *= REC::P1(x,t) / REC::P0(x);
+	}
+      else
+	{
+	  REC::EvalScaledNext (ORDER, x, t, help(DIAG-ORDER,0), help(DIAG-ORDER,1));
+	}
+      values[TrigIndex(ORDER,DIAG-ORDER,help.Height()-1)] = help(DIAG-ORDER,0);
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, int DIAG>
+  class DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, DIAG, -1>
+  {
+  public:
+    template<class S, class St, class Thelp, class T>
+    INLINE static void Step (S x, St t, Thelp & help, T & values) {;}
+  };
+
+  
+  template<class S, class St, class Thelp, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear1 (double alpha0, double beta0, 
+						   int diag, S x, St t, Thelp & help, T & values)
+  {
+    for (int order = 0; order <= diag; order++)
+      {
+	double al = alpha0 + 2*(diag-order);
+	double be = beta0;
+
+	if (order == 0)
+	  help(diag-order,0) *= 1; // REC::P0(x);
+	else if (order == 1)
+	  {
+	    help(diag-order,1) = help(diag-order,0);
+	    help(diag-order,0) *= 0.5 * (2*(al+1)+(al+be+2)*(x-1));
+	  }
+	else
+	  {
+	    S p1 = help(diag-order,0);
+	    S p2 = help(diag-order,1);
+	    
+	    int i = order-1;
+	    S pnew =
+	      1.0 / ( 2 * (i+1) * (i+al+be+1) * (2*i+al+be) ) *
+	      ( 
+	       ( (2*i+al+be+1)*(al*al-be*be) * t + 
+		 (2*i+al+be)*(2*i+al+be+1)*(2*i+al+be+2) * x) 
+	       * p1
+	       - 2*(i+al)*(i+be) * (2*i+al+be+2) * t*t*p2
+	       );
+
+	    help(diag-order,0) = pnew;
+	    help(diag-order,1) = p1;
+	  }
+	values[TrigIndex(order,diag-order,help.Height()-1)] = help(diag-order,0);
+      
+      }
+  }
+
+  template <int ALPHA0, int BETA, class S, class Sy, class Sc, class St, class T>
+  void DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaled_Linear (int n, S x, Sy y, St t, Sc c, T & values)
+  {
+    ArrayMem<S,40> hmem(2*(n+1));
+    FlatMatrixFixWidth<2,S> help(n+1, &hmem[0]);
+
+    LegendrePolynomial leg;
+    leg.EvalScaledMult (n, 2*y+x-1, t-x, c, help.Col(0));
+
+    x = 2*x-1;
+    if (n >= 0) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 0>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+    if (n >= 1) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 1>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+    if (n >= 2) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 2>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+    if (n >= 3) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 3>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+    if (n >= 4) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 4>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+    if (n >= 5) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 5>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+    if (n >= 6) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 6>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+    if (n >= 7) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 7>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+    if (n >= 8) DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear<ALPHA0, BETA, 8>::Step (x, t, help, values);
+
+    for (int i = 9; i <= n; i++)
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaledDiag_Linear1 (ALPHA0, BETA, i, x, t, help, values);
+  }
+
+
+
+  /*
+  class DubinerBasis
+  {
+  public:
+    template <class S, class T>
+    static void Eval (int n, S x, S y, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalMult (n, x, y, 1.0, values);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+    static void EvalMult (int n, S x, S y, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomials_Linear<1,0> (n, x, y, c, values);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class St, class Sc, class T>
+    static void EvalScaledMult (int n, S x, S y, St t, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      DubinerJacobiPolynomialsScaled_Linear<1,0> (n, x, y, t, c, values);
+    }
+  };
+  */
+
+
+
+
+  class DubinerBasis
+  {
+  public:
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval (TI n, S x, S y, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalMult (n, x, y, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (TI n, S x, S y, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      LegendrePolynomial leg;
+      TI ii = 0;
+      JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac(1);      
+      leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign (n, y-(1-x-y), 1-x, c,
+            SBLambda ([&] (TI i, S val) LAMBDA_INLINE 
+                   {
+                     jac.EvalMult (n-i, 2*x-1, val, values+ii);
+                     ii += n-i+1;
+                     jac.IncAlpha2();
+                   }));
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaled (int n, S x, S y, Sc t, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalScaledMult (n, x, y, t, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class St, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledMult (int n, S x, S y, St t, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      LegendrePolynomial leg;
+      int ii = 0;
+      leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign (n, y-(t-x-y), t-x, c,
+          SBLambda ([&] (int i, S val) LAMBDA_INLINE  // clang
+                   {
+                     JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac(1+2*i);
+                     jac.EvalScaledMult1Assign (n-i, 2*x-t, t, val, values+ii);
+                     ii += n-i+1;
+                   }));
+    }
+
+
+    // evaluate basis functions of hightest order only
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalHighestOrder (TI n, S x, S y, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalHighestOrderMult (n, x, y, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalHighestOrderMult (TI n, S x, S y, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      LegendrePolynomial leg;
+      TI ii = 0;
+      JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac(1);      
+      leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign (n, y-(1-x-y), 1-x, c,
+            SBLambda ([&] (TI i, S val) LAMBDA_INLINE 
+                   {
+                     values[ii++] = jac.CalcHighestOrderMult(n-i, 2*x-1, val);
+                     jac.IncAlpha2();
+                   }));
+    }
+
+  };
+
+
+  // orthogonal w.r.t. cubic bubble
+  class DubinerBasisOrthoBub
+  {
+  public:
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval (TI n, S x, S y, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalMult (n, x, y, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (TI n, S x, S y, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      JacobiPolynomialFix<1,1> leg;
+      TI ii = 0;
+      leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign (n, y-(1-x-y), 1-x, c,
+            SBLambda ([&] (TI i, S val) LAMBDA_INLINE 
+                   {
+                     IntegratedJacobiPolynomialAlpha jac(4+2*i);                     
+                     jac.EvalMult (n-i, 2*x-1, val, values+ii);
+                     ii += n-i+1;
+                   }));
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaled (int n, S x, S y, Sc t, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalScaledMult (n, x, y, t, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <class S, class St, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalScaledMult (int n, S x, S y, St t, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      JacobiPolynomialFix<1,1> leg;
+      int ii = 0;
+      leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign (n, y-(t-x-y), t-x, c,
+          SBLambda ([&] (int i, S val) LAMBDA_INLINE  // clang
+                   {
+                     IntegratedJacobiPolynomialAlpha jac(4+2*i);
+                     jac.EvalScaledMult1Assign (n-i, 2*x-t, t, val, values+ii);
+                     ii += n-i+1;
+                   }));
+    }
+
+    
+    template <class T>
+    static size_t CalcNormInv (size_t n, T && norminv)
+    {
+      size_t ii = 0;
+      for (size_t i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+	for (size_t j = 0; j <= n-i; j++)
+	  norminv[ii++] =
+	    0.5 * (5+2*i+2*j)*(4+2*i+j)*(j+1) * (2*i+3)*(2*i+4) / (i+1);
+      return ii;
+    }
+
+
+    /*
+    // evaluate basis functions of hightest order only
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalHighestOrder (TI n, S x, S y, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalHighestOrderMult (n, x, y, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalHighestOrderMult (TI n, S x, S y, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+      LegendrePolynomial leg;
+      TI ii = 0;
+      JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac(1);      
+      leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign (n, y-(1-x-y), 1-x, c,
+            SBLambda ([&] (TI i, S val) LAMBDA_INLINE 
+                   {
+                     values[ii++] = jac.CalcHighestOrderMult(n-i, 2*x-1, val);
+                     jac.IncAlpha2();
+                   }));
+    }
+    */
+  };
+
+
+
+  class DubinerBasis3D
+  {
+  public:
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval (TI n, S x, S y, S z, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalMult (n, x, y, z, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (TI n, S x, S y, S z, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+    size_t ii = 0;
+    S lam4 = 1.0 - x-y-z;
+    LegendrePolynomial leg;
+    JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac1(1);    
+    leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign 
+      (n, z-lam4, z+lam4, c,
+       SBLambda ([&](size_t k, S polz) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                 {
+                   // JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac(2*k+1);
+                   JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac2(2*k+2);
+ 
+                   jac1.EvalScaledMult1Assign
+                     (n-k, y-z-lam4, 1-x, polz, 
+                      SBLambda ([&] (size_t j, S polsy) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                                {
+                                  jac2.EvalMult1Assign(n-k-j, 2*x - 1, polsy, values+ii);
+                                  ii += n-k-j+1;
+                                  jac2.IncAlpha2();
+                                }));
+                   jac1.IncAlpha2();
+                 }));
+    }
+
+
+    // evaluate basis functions of hightest order only
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalHighestOrder (TI n, S x, S y, S z, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalHighestOrderMult (n, x, y, z, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalHighestOrderMult (TI n, S x, S y, S z, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+    size_t ii = 0;
+    S lam4 = 1.0 - x-y-z;
+    LegendrePolynomial leg;
+    JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac1(1);    
+    leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign 
+      (n, z-lam4, z+lam4, c,
+       SBLambda ([&](size_t k, S polz) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                 {
+                   JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac2(2*k+2);
+ 
+                   jac1.EvalScaledMult1Assign
+                     (n-k, y-z-lam4, 1-x, polz, 
+                      SBLambda ([&] (size_t j, S polsy) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                                {
+                                  values[ii++] =
+                                    jac2.CalcHighestOrderMult(n-k-j, 2*x - 1, polsy);
+                                  jac2.IncAlpha2();
+                                }));
+                   jac1.IncAlpha2();
+                 }));
+    }
+    
+  };
+
+
+
+  class DubinerBasis3DOrthoBub
+  {
+  public:
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void Eval (TI n, S x, S y, S z, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalMult (n, x, y, z, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalMult (TI n, S x, S y, S z, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+    size_t ii = 0;
+    S lam4 = 1.0 - x-y-z;
+    // JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac1(1);
+    JacobiPolynomialFix<1,1> leg;
+    leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign 
+      (n, z-lam4, z+lam4, c,
+       SBLambda ([&](size_t k, S polz) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                 {
+                   // JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac(2*k+1);
+                   // JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac2(2*k+2);
+		   
+		   IntegratedJacobiPolynomialAlpha jac1(4+2*k);                     
+                   jac1.EvalScaledMult1Assign
+                     (n-k, y-z-lam4, 1-x, polz, 
+                      SBLambda ([&] (size_t j, S polsy) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                                {
+				  IntegratedJacobiPolynomialAlpha jac2(6+2*k+2*j);                     
+                                  jac2.EvalMult1Assign(n-k-j, 2*x - 1, polsy, values+ii);
+                                  ii += n-k-j+1;
+                                }));
+                 }));
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static size_t CalcNormInv (size_t n, T && norminv)
+    {
+      size_t ii = 0;
+      for (size_t i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+	for (size_t j = 0; j <= n-i; j++)
+	  for (size_t k = 0; k <= n-i-j; k++)
+	    norminv[ii++] =
+	      0.5 * (7+2*i+2*j+2*k)*(6+2*i+2*j+k)*(k+1) *
+	      (5+2*i+2*j)*(4+2*i+j)*(j+1) *
+	      (2*i+3)*(2*i+4) / (i+1);
+      return ii;
+    }
+    /*
+    // evaluate basis functions of hightest order only
+    template <typename TI, class S, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalHighestOrder (TI n, S x, S y, S z, T && values)
+    {
+      EvalHighestOrderMult (n, x, y, z, 1, values);
+    }
+
+    template <typename TI, class S, class Sc, class T>
+    INLINE static void EvalHighestOrderMult (TI n, S x, S y, S z, Sc c, T && values)
+    {
+    size_t ii = 0;
+    S lam4 = 1.0 - x-y-z;
+    LegendrePolynomial leg;
+    JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac1(1);    
+    leg.EvalScaledMult1Assign 
+      (n, z-lam4, z+lam4, c,
+       SBLambda ([&](size_t k, S polz) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                 {
+                   JacobiPolynomialAlpha jac2(2*k+2);
+ 
+                   jac1.EvalScaledMult1Assign
+                     (n-k, y-z-lam4, 1-x, polz, 
+                      SBLambda ([&] (size_t j, S polsy) LAMBDA_INLINE
+                                {
+                                  values[ii++] =
+                                    jac2.CalcHighestOrderMult(n-k-j, 2*x - 1, polsy);
+                                  jac2.IncAlpha2();
+                                }));
+                   jac1.IncAlpha2();
+                 }));
+    }
+    */
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <class S, class T>
+  inline void GegenbauerPolynomial (int n, S x, double lam, T && values)
+  {
+    S p1 = 1.0, p2 = 0.0, p3;
+
+    if (n >= 0)
+      values[0] = 1.0;
+
+    for (int j=1; j<=n; j++)
+      {
+	p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	p1=( 2.0*(j+lam-1.0) * x * p2 - (j+2*lam-2.0) * p3) / j;
+	values[j] = p1;
+      }  
+  }
+
+
+  /**
+     Integrated Legendre polynomials on (-1,1)
+
+     value[0] = -1
+     value[1] = x
+     value[i] (x) = \int_{-1}^x P_{i-1} (s) ds  for i >= 2
+
+     WARNING: is not \int P_i
+  */
+  template <class S, class T>
+  INLINE void IntegratedLegendrePolynomial_Old (int n, S x, T && values)
+  {
+    S p1 = -1.0;
+    S p2 = 0.0; 
+    S p3;
+
+    if (n >= 0)
+      values[0] = (S)-1.0;
+
+    for (int j=1; j<=n; j++)
+      {
+	p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	p1=( (2*j-3) * x * p2 - (j-3) * p3) / j;
+	values[j] = p1;
+    
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  /**
+     Hermite polynomials H_i, orthogonal w.r.t. \int_R exp(-x*x)
+     up to order n --> n+1 values
+   
+     H_l =  2 x H_{l-1} - 2 (l-1)  H_{l-2}
+
+     P_0 = 1
+     P_1 = 2*x
+     P_2 = 4*x*x - 2
+     P_2 = 8*x*x*x - 12 x
+  */
+
+  template <class S, class T>
+  inline void HermitePolynomial (int n, S x, T && values)
+  {
+    S p1, p2, p3;
+  
+    p2 = 0;
+    if (n >= 0)
+      p1 = values[0] = 1.0;
+    for (int j=1; j<=n; j++)
+      {
+	p3 = p2; p2 = p1;
+	p1 = 2*x*p2 - 2*(j-1)*p3;
+	values[j] = p1;
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  /**
+     Compute triangle edge-shape functions
+
+     functions vanish on upper two edges
+
+     x,y: coordinates in triangle (-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)
+
+     f_i (x, 0) = IntegratedLegendrePol_i (x)
+
+     f_i ... pol of order i
+
+
+     Monomial extension:
+  */
+  template <class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+  inline void TriangleExtensionMonomial (int n, Sx x, Sy y, T & values)
+  {
+    Sx p1 = -1.0, p2 = 0.0, p3;
+    values[0] = -1.0;
+    Sy fy = (1-y)*(1-y);
+    for (int j=1; j<=n; j++)
+      {
+	p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	p1=( (2*j-3) * x * p2 - (j-3) * fy * p3) / j;
+	values[j] = p1;
+      }    
+  }
+
+  template <class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+  inline void DiffTriangleExtensionMonomial (int n, Sx x, Sy y, T & values)
+  {
+    Array<AutoDiff<2> > ad_values(n+1);
+    AutoDiff<2> ad_x(x, 0);
+    AutoDiff<2> ad_y(y, 1);
+
+    TriangleExtensionMonomial (n, ad_x, ad_y, ad_values);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+      for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
+	values(i,j) = ad_values[i].DValue(j);
+  }
+
+
+
+  /**
+     Extension is the optimal averaging extension:
+  */
+  template <class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+  inline void TriangleExtensionJacobi (int n, Sx x, Sy y, T & values)
+  {
+    if ( (1-y) != 0.0)
+      {
+	int j;
+
+	JacobiPolynomial (n-2, x / (1-y), 2, 2, values);
+	Sy fac = (1.-x-y) * (1.+x-y);
+	for (j = 0; j <= n-2; j++)
+	  {
+	    values[j] *= fac;
+	    fac *= 1-y;
+	  }
+	for (j = n; j >= 2; j--)
+	  values[j] = values[j-2];
+	if (n >= 0) values[0] = 0;
+	if (n >= 1) values[1] = 0;
+      }
+    else
+      {
+	for (int j = 0; j <= n; j++)
+	  values[j] = 0;
+      }
+  }
+
+  template <class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+  inline void DiffTriangleExtensionJacobi (int n, Sx x, Sy y, T & values)
+  {
+    Array<AutoDiff<2> > ad_values(n+1);
+    AutoDiff<2> ad_x(x, 0);
+    AutoDiff<2> ad_y(y, 1);
+
+    TriangleExtensionJacobi (n, ad_x, ad_y, ad_values);
+    for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+      for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
+	values(i,j) = ad_values[i].DValue(j);
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  /**
+     Extension is the optimal averaging extension:
+  */
+  template <class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+  inline void TriangleExtensionOpt (int n, Sx x, Sy y, T & values)
+  {
+    if (y < 1e-10)
+      {
+	IntegratedLegendrePolynomial (n, x, values);
+      }
+    else
+      {
+	Array<Sx> ge1(n+2);
+	Array<Sx> ge2(n+2);
+	Array<Sx> ge3(n+2);
+	Array<Sx> ge4(n+2);
+
+	GegenbauerPolynomial (n+1, Sx(-1.0), -1.5, ge1);
+	GegenbauerPolynomial (n+1, x-y, -1.5, ge2);
+	GegenbauerPolynomial (n+1, x+y, -1.5, ge3);
+	GegenbauerPolynomial (n+1, Sx(1.0), -1.5, ge4);
+ 
+	for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+	  values[i] = 1.0/3.0 *
+	    (  (2*y/(1+x+y)/(1+x+y) - y/2) * ge1[i+1]  +
+	       (-1/(2*y) + 2*y/(1-x+y)/(1-x+y)) * ge2[i+1] +
+	       (1/(2*y) - 2*y/(1+x+y)/(1+x+y) ) * ge3[i+1] +
+	       (-2*y/(1-x+y)/(1-x+y) + y/2 ) * ge4[i+1] );
+      }
+  }
+
+  template <class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+  inline void DiffTriangleExtensionOpt (int n, Sx x, Sy y, T & values)
+  {
+    Array<AutoDiff<2> > ad_values(n+1);
+    AutoDiff<2> ad_x(x, 0);
+    AutoDiff<2> ad_y(y, 1);
+
+    if (y < 1e-10)
+      {
+	values = 0.;
+      }
+    else
+      {
+	TriangleExtensionOpt (n, ad_x, ad_y, ad_values);
+
+	for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+	  for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
+	    values(i,j) = ad_values[i].DValue(j);
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+  template <class S1, class S2, class S3>
+  inline void StdOp (S1 & v1, const S2 & tt, const S3 & v2, double fac)
+  {
+    v1 = fac * (v1*tt - v2) + v2;
+    // v1 = fac * (v1*tt) + (1-fac) * v2;
+  }
+
+  template <int D>
+  inline void StdOp (AutoDiff<D> & v1, const AutoDiff<D> & tt, const AutoDiff<D> & v2, double fac)
+  {
+    for (int j = 0; j < D; j++)
+      v1.DValue(j) = fac * (v1.DValue(j) * tt.Value() + v1.Value() * tt.DValue(j) - v2.DValue(j)) + v2.DValue(j);
+    v1.Value() = fac * (v1.Value()*tt.Value()-v2.Value()) + v2.Value();
+  }
+
+
+  /* 
+     E_i(x,y) = P_i(x/t) * t^i 
+  */ 
+  template <class Sx, class St, class T>
+  inline void ScaledLegendrePolynomial (int n, Sx x, St t, T && values)
+  {
+    // St tt = t*t;
+    St tt = sqr(t);
+
+    Sx p1, p2;
+
+    if (n < 0) return;
+    values[0] = p2 = 1.0;
+    if (n < 1) return;
+    values[1] = p1 = x;
+    if (n < 2) return;
+
+    for (int j=2; j < n; j+=2)
+      {
+	/*
+	  double invj = 1.0/j; 
+	  p2 *= (invj-1) * tt;
+	  p2 += (2-invj) * x * p1;
+	  values[j]   = p2; 
+
+	  double invj2 = 1.0/(j+1);
+	  p1 *= (invj2-1) * tt;
+	  p1 += (2-invj2) * x * p2;
+	  values[j+1] = p1; 
+	*/
+
+	StdOp (p2, tt, x*p1, 1.0/j-1);
+	values[j]   = p2; 
+	StdOp (p1, tt, x*p2, 1.0/(j+1)-1);
+	values[j+1] = p1; 
+      }
+
+    if (n % 2 == 0)
+      {
+	double invn = 1.0/n;
+	values[n] = (2-invn)*x*p1 - (1-invn) * tt*p2;
+      }
+
+
+    /*
+      if (n < 0) return;
+      values[0] = 1.0;
+      if (n < 1) return;
+      values[1] = x;
+      if (n < 2) return;
+      values[2] = p2 = 1.5 * x * x - 0.5 * tt;
+      if (n < 3) return;
+      values[3] = p1 =  (5.0/3.0) * p2 * x - (2.0/3.0) * tt * x;
+      if (n < 4) return;
+
+      for (int j=4; j < n; j+=2)
+      {
+      double invj = 1.0/j;
+      p2 *= (invj-1) * tt;
+      p2 += (2-invj) * x * p1;
+      values[j]   = p2; 
+
+      invj = 1.0/(j+1);
+      p1 *= (invj-1) * tt;
+      p1 += (2-invj) * x * p2;
+      values[j+1] = p1; 
+      }
+
+      if (n % 2 == 0)
+      {
+      double invn = 1.0/n;
+      values[n] = (2-invn)*x*p1 - (invn-1) * tt*p2;
+      }
+    */
+
+
+
+
+
+    /*
+      Sx p1 = 1.0, p2 = 0.0, p3;
+  
+      if (n>=0) values[0] = 1.0;
+
+      for (int j=1; j<=n; j++)
+      {
+      p3=p2; p2=p1;
+      p1=((2.0*j-1.0) * x*p2 - tt*(j-1.0)*p3)/j;
+      values[j] = p1;
+      }
+    */
+  }
+
+
+
+  /* 
+     E_i(x,y) = c * P_i(x/t) * t^i 
+  */ 
+  template <class Sx, class St, class Sc, class T>
+  inline void ScaledLegendrePolynomialMult (int n, Sx x, St t, Sc c, T && values)
+  {
+    St tt = sqr(t);
+    Sx p1, p2;
+
+    if (n < 0) return;
+    values[0] = p2 = c;
+    if (n < 1) return;
+    values[1] = p1 = c * x;
+    if (n < 2) return;
+
+    for (int j=2; j < n; j+=2)
+      {
+	StdOp (p2, tt, x*p1, 1.0/j-1);
+	values[j] = p2;
+	StdOp (p1, tt, x*p2, 1.0/(j+1)-1);
+	values[j+1] = p1;
+	/*
+	  double invj = 1.0/j;
+	  p2 *= (invj-1) * tt;
+	  p2 += (2-invj) * x * p1;
+	  values[j]   = p2; 
+
+	  invj = 1.0/(j+1);
+	  p1 *= (invj-1) * tt;
+	  p1 += (2-invj) * x * p2;
+	  values[j+1] = p1; 
+	*/
+      }
+
+    if (n % 2 == 0)
+      {
+	StdOp (p2, tt, x*p1, 1.0/n-1);
+	values[n] = p2;
+
+	//      double invn = 1.0/n;
+	//      values[n] = (2-invn)*x*p1 - (1-invn) * tt*p2;
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <class T> 
+  inline void DiffScaledLegendrePolynomial (int n, double x, double t, T && values)
+  {
+    ArrayMem<AutoDiff<2>,10> ad_values(n+1);
+    AutoDiff<2> ad_x(x, 0);
+    AutoDiff<2> ad_t(t, 1);
+
+    ScaledLegendrePolynomial(n, ad_x, ad_t, ad_values);
+
+    for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+      for (int j = 0; j < 2; j++)
+	values(i,j) = ad_values[i].DValue(j);
+  }
+
+
+  template <class Sx, class St, class T>
+  inline void ScaledIntegratedLegendrePolynomial (int n, Sx x, St t, T & values)
+  {
+    Sx p1 = -1.0;
+    Sx p2 = 0.0; 
+    Sx p3;
+    St tt = t*t;
+    if (n >= 0)
+      values[0] = -1.0;
+
+    for (int j=1; j<=n; j++)
+      {
+	p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	p1=((2.0*j-3.0) * x*p2 - tt*(j-3.0)*p3)/j;
+	values[j] = p1;
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <class T> 
+  inline void ScaledLegendrePolynomialandDiff(int n, double x, double t, T & P, T & Px, T & Pt)  
+  {
+    /*
+      ArrayMem<AutoDiff<2>,10> ad_values(n+1);
+      AutoDiff<2> ad_x(x, 0);
+      AutoDiff<2> ad_t(t, 1);
+
+      ScaledLegendrePolynomial(n, ad_x, ad_t, ad_values);
+
+      for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+      {
+      P[i] = ad_values[i].Value();
+      Px[i] = ad_values[i].DValue(0);
+      Pt[i] = ad_values[i].DValue(1);
+      }
+    */
+    if(n>=0) 
+      {
+	P[0] = 1.; 
+	Px[0] = 0.; 
+	Pt[0] = 0.; 
+	if(n>=1) 
+	  {
+	    P[1] = x;
+	    Px[1] = 1.; 
+	    Pt[1] = 0.; 
+	  } 
+
+	double px0 = 0., px1 = 0., px2 =1.;
+	double sqt = t*t; 
+	for(int l = 2; l<=n; l++) 
+	  { 
+	    px0=px1; 
+	    px1=px2;  
+	    px2=  ( (2*l-1)*x*px1 - l*sqt*px0)/(l-1); 
+	    Px[l] = px2; 
+	    Pt[l] = -t*px1;
+	    P[l] = (x*px2-sqt*px1)/l;
+	  }
+      }
+
+  }
+	  
+  template <class T> 
+  INLINE void LegendrePolynomialandDiff(int n, double x,  T & P, T & Px) 
+  {
+    /*
+      ArrayMem<AutoDiff<1>,10> ad_values(n+1);
+      AutoDiff<1> ad_x(x, 0);
+      LegendrePolynomial(n, ad_x, ad_values);
+
+      for (int i = 0; i <= n; i++)
+      {
+      P[i] = ad_values[i].Value();
+      Px[i] = ad_values[i].DValue(0);
+      }
+ 
+      (*testout) << "P = " << endl << P << endl
+      << "Px = " << endl << Px << endl;
+    */
+    if(n>=0) 
+      {
+	P[0] = 1.; 
+	Px[0] = 0.;  
+	if(n>=1) 
+	  {
+	    P[1] = x;
+	    Px[1] = 1.;  
+	  }       
+	double px0 = 0., px1 = 0., px2 =1.;
+	for(int l = 2; l<=n; l++) 
+	  { 
+	    px0=px1; 
+	    px1=px2;  
+
+	    px2=  ( (2*l-1)*x*px1 - l*px0)/(l-1); 
+	    Px[l] = px2; 
+	    P[l] = (x*px2 - px1)/l;
+	  }
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+#ifdef OLD
+
+
+  /*
+    u(0) = 0, u(1) = 1,
+    min \int_0^1 (1-x)^{DIM-1} (u')^2 dx
+
+    representation as
+    \sum c_i P_i(2x-1)
+  */
+
+  template <int DIM>
+  class VertexExtensionOptimal
+  {
+    enum { SIZE = 50 };
+    static double coefs[SIZE][SIZE];
+    static bool initialized;
+  public:
+
+    VertexExtensionOptimal ();
+
+    template <typename Tx>
+    inline static Tx Calc (int p, Tx x)
+    {
+      Tx p1 = 1.0, p2 = 0.0, p3;
+      Tx sum = 0;
+
+      x = 2*x-1;
+
+      if (p >= 0)
+	sum += coefs[0][p];
+
+      for (int j=1; j<=p; j++)
+	{
+	  p3 = p2; p2 = p1;
+	  p1 = ((2.0*j-1.0)*x*p2 - (j-1.0)*p3) / j;
+	  sum += coefs[j][p] * p1;
+	}
+
+      return sum;
+    }
+
+    inline static double CalcDeriv (int p, double x)
+    {
+      AutoDiff<1> p1 = 1.0, p2 = 0.0, p3;
+      AutoDiff<1> sum = 0;
+      AutoDiff<1> adx (x, 0);  // \nabla adx = e_0
+
+      adx = 2.0*adx-1;
+
+      if (p >= 0)
+	sum += coefs[0][p];
+
+      for (int j=1; j<=p; j++)
+	{
+	  p3 = p2; p2 = p1;
+	  p1 = ((2.0*j-1.0)*adx*p2 - (j-1.0)*p3) / j;
+	  sum += coefs[j][p] * p1;
+	}
+
+      return sum.DValue(0);
+    }
+
+
+    /*
+    // Based on Jacobi pols, 3D only
+    template <typename Tx>
+    inline static Tx Calc (int p, Tx x)
+    {
+    ArrayMem<Tx,20> jacpol(p+1);
+
+    JacobiPolynomial (p, 2*x-1, 1, -1, jacpol);
+    
+    Tx sum = 0;
+    for (int j = 0; j <= p; j++)
+    sum += coefs[j][p] * jacpol[j];
+
+    return sum;
+    }
+
+    inline static double CalcDeriv (int p, double x)
+    {
+    ArrayMem<double,20> jacpol(p+1);
+
+    JacobiPolynomial (p, 2*x-1, 2, 0, jacpol);
+    
+    double sum = 0;
+    for (int j = 1; j <= p; j++)
+    sum += coefs[j][p] * 0.5 * (j+1) * jacpol[j-1];
+
+    return sum;
+    }
+    */
+  };
+
+
+
+
+  /*
+    u(-1) = 0, u(1) = 1,
+    min \int_-1^1 (1-x)^{DIM-1} (u')^2 dx
+  */
+
+  template <class Tx, class T>
+  inline void LowEnergyVertexPolynomials2D  (int n, Tx x, T & values)
+  {
+    JacobiPolynomial (n, x, 0, -1, values);
+    Tx sum1 = 0.0, sum2 = 0.0;
+    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+      {
+	sum1 += 1.0/i;
+	sum2 += values[i] / i;
+	values[i] = sum2/sum1;
+      }
+    values[0] = 1;
+  }
+
+  template <class Tx, class T>
+  inline void LowEnergyVertexPolynomials3D  (int n, Tx x, T & values)
+  {
+    JacobiPolynomial (n, x, 1, -1, values);
+    Tx sum = 0.0;
+    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+      {
+	sum += (2.0*i+1)/(i+1) * values[i];
+	values[i] = 1.0/(i*(i+2)) * sum;
+      }
+    values[0] = 1;
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+  class VertexStandard
+  {
+  public:
+    template <typename Tx>
+    inline static Tx Calc (int p, Tx x)
+    {
+      return x;
+    }
+
+    inline static double CalcDeriv (int p, double x)
+    {
+      return 1;
+    }
+  };
+
+#endif
+
+
+  /**
+     Compute triangle edge-shape functions
+
+     functions vanish on upper two edges
+
+     x,y: coordinates in triangle (-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, 1)
+
+     f_i-2 (x, 0) = IntegratedLegendrePol_i (x)
+
+     f_i-2 ... pol of order i, max order = n
+
+     Monomial extension:
+  */
+
+  class IntegratedLegendreMonomialExt
+  {
+    enum { SIZE = 1000 };
+    static double coefs[SIZE][2];
+  
+  public:
+
+    static void CalcCoeffs ()
+    {
+      for (int j = 1; j < SIZE; j++)
+	{
+	  coefs[j][0] = double(2*j-3)/j;
+	  coefs[j][1] = double(j-3)/j;
+	}
+    }
+
+    template <class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+    inline static int CalcScaled (int n, Sx x, Sy y, T && values)
+    {
+      Sy fy = y*y;
+      Sx p3 = 0;
+      Sx p2 = -1;
+      Sx p1 = x;
+
+      for (int j=2; j<=n; j++)
+	{
+	  p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	  p1 = double(2*j-3)/j  * x * p2 - double(j-3)/j * fy * p3;
+	  values[j-2] = p1;
+	}     
+
+      return n-1;
+    }
+
+
+    template <int n, class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+    inline static int CalcScaled (Sx x, Sy y, T && values)
+    {
+      Sy fy = y*y;
+      Sx p3 = 0;
+      Sx p2 = -1;
+      Sx p1 = x;
+
+      for (int j=2; j<=n; j++)
+	{
+	  p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	  p1 = double(2*j-3)/j  * x * p2 - double(j-3)/j * fy * p3;
+	  values[j-2] = p1;
+	}     
+
+      return n-1;
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+    template <class Sx, class Sy, class T>
+    inline static int CalcTrigExt (int n, Sx x, Sy y, T && values)
+    {
+      Sy fy = (1-y)*(1-y);
+      Sx p3(0);
+      Sx p2(-1);
+      Sx p1 = x;
+
+      for (int j=2; j<=n; j++)
+	{
+	  p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	  p1 = double(2*j-3)/j  * x * p2 - double(j-3)/j * fy * p3;
+	  values[j-2] = p1;
+	}     
+
+      return n-1;
+    }
+
+    template <class Sx, class Sy, class Sf, class T>
+    inline static int CalcTrigExtMult (int n, Sx x, Sy y, Sf fac, T && values)
+    {
+      Sy fy = (1-y)*(1-y);
+      Sx p3 = 0;
+      Sx p2 = -fac;
+      Sx p1 = x * fac;
+
+      for (int j=2; j<=n; j++)
+	{
+	  p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	  // p1=( (2*j-3) * x * p2 - (j-3) * fy * p3) / j;
+	  p1 = double(2*j-3)/j  * x * p2 - double(j-3)/j * fy * p3;
+	  // p1= coefs[j][0] * x * p2 - coefs[j][1] * fy * p3;
+	  values[j-2] = p1;
+	}     
+
+      return n-1;
+    }
+
+
+
+
+    template <class T>
+    inline static int CalcTrigExtDeriv (int n, double x, double y, T && values)
+    {
+      double fy = (1-y)*(1-y);
+      double p3 = 0, p3x = 0, p3y = 0;
+      double p2 = -1, p2x = 0, p2y = 0;
+      double p1 = x, p1x = 1, p1y = 0;
+
+      for (int j=2; j<=n; j++)
+	{
+	  p3=p2; p3x = p2x; p3y = p2y;
+	  p2=p1; p2x = p1x; p2y = p1y;
+	  double c1 = (2.0*j-3) / j;
+	  double c2 = (j-3.0) / j;
+	
+	  p1  = c1 * x * p2 - c2 * fy * p3;
+	  p1x = c1 * p2 + c1 * x * p2x - c2 * fy * p3x;
+	  p1y = c1 * x * p2y - (c2 * 2 * (y-1) * p3 + c2 * fy * p3y);
+	  values (j-2, 0) = p1x;
+	  values (j-2, 1) = p1y;
+	}    
+      return n-1;
+    }
+
+
+    template <class Sx, class T>
+    inline static int Calc (int n, Sx x, T & values)
+    {
+      Sx p3(0.0);
+      Sx p2(-1.0);
+      Sx p1 = x;
+
+      for (int j=2; j<=n; j++)
+	{
+	  p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	  p1=( (2*j-3)/double(j) * x * p2 - (j-3)/double(j) * p3); //  / double(j);
+	  values[j-2] = p1;
+	}
+      return n-1;
+    }
+
+    template <class Sx, class Sf, class T>
+    inline static int CalcMult (int n, Sx x, Sf fac, T & values)
+    {
+      Sx p3 = 0;
+      Sx p2 = -fac;
+      Sx p1 = x*fac;
+
+      for (int j=2; j<=n; j++)
+	{
+	  p3=p2; p2=p1;
+	  p1=( (2*j-3) * x * p2 - (j-3) * p3) / j;
+	  values[j-2] = p1;
+	}
+      return n-1;
+    }
+
+
+
+    template <class T>
+    inline static int CalcDeriv (int n, double x, T && values)
+    {
+      double p1 = 1.0, p2 = 0.0, p3;
+
+      for (int j=1; j<=n-1; j++)
+	{
+	  p3 = p2; p2 = p1;
+	  p1 = ((2.0*j-1.0)*x*p2 - (j-1.0)*p3) / j;
+	  values[j-1] = p1;
+	}
+      return n-1;
+    }
+
+
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  /*   Conversion of orthogonal polynomials */
+
+  // given: \sum u_i P^{al,0}
+  // find:  \sum v_i P^{al-1, 0}
+  template <class T>
+  void ConvertJacobiReduceAlpha (int n, int alpha, T & inout)
+  {
+    for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+      {
+	double val = inout(i) / (i+alpha);
+	inout(i) = (2*i+alpha) * val;
+	inout(i-1) += i * val;
+      }
+  }
+
+  // given: \sum u_i (1-x) P^{al+1,0}   0 <= i <  n
+  // find:  \sum v_i P^{al, 0}          0 <= i <= n
+  template <class T>
+  void ConvertJacobiReduceAlphaFactor (int n, double alpha, T & inout) 
+  {
+    inout(n) = 0;
+    for (int i = n; i > 0; i--)
+      {
+	double val = inout(i-1) / (i+alpha/2);
+	inout(i-1) = (i+alpha) * val;
+	inout(i) -= i * val;
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+  // Differentiate Jacobi
+  // (P_i^alpha)' 
+
+  template <class T>
+  void DifferentiateJacobi (int n, double alpha, T & inout)
+  {
+    for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+      {
+	double val = inout(i);
+	inout(i-1) -= alpha*(2*i+alpha-1) / ( (i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-2)) * val;
+	if (i > 1)
+	  inout(i-2) += (i-1)*(2*i+alpha) / ( (i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-2))  * val;
+
+	inout(i) *= (2*i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-1) / ( 2 * (i+alpha) );
+      }
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+      inout(i) = inout(i+1);
+    inout(n) = 0;
+  }
+
+
+  template <class T>
+  void DifferentiateJacobiTrans (int n, double alpha, T & inout)
+  {
+    for (int i = n-1; i >= 0; i--)
+      inout(i+1) = inout(i);
+    inout(0) = 0;
+
+    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+      {
+	inout(i) *= (2*i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-1) / ( 2 * (i+alpha) );
+
+	inout(i) -= alpha*(2*i+alpha-1) / ( (i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-2)) * inout(i-1);
+	if (i > 1)
+	  inout(i) += (i-1)*(2*i+alpha) / ( (i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-2))  * inout(i-2);
+      }
+  }
+
+
+  template <class T>
+  void DifferentiateLegendre (int n, T & inout)
+  {
+    for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+      {
+	if (i > 1) inout(i-2) += inout(i);
+	inout(i) *= 2*i-1;
+      }
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+      inout(i) = inout(i+1);
+    inout(n) = 0;
+  }
+
+  template <class T>
+  void DifferentiateLegendreTrans (int n, T & inout)
+  {
+    for (int i = n-1; i >= 0; i--)
+      inout(i+1) = inout(i);
+    inout(0) = 0;
+
+    for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+      {
+	inout(i) *= (2*i-1);
+	if (i > 1)
+	  inout(i) += inout(i-2);
+      }
+  }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  class ConvertJacobi
+  {
+    typedef double d2[2];
+    NGS_DLL_HEADER static Array<d2*> coefs_increasealpha;
+    NGS_DLL_HEADER static Array<d2*> coefs_reducealpha;
+    NGS_DLL_HEADER static Array<d2*> coefs_reducealphafac;
+
+  public:
+    ConvertJacobi ();
+    ~ConvertJacobi ();
+
+    template <class T>
+    static void ReduceAlpha (int n, int alpha, T & inout)  // alpha of input
+    {
+      d2 * c = coefs_reducealpha[alpha];
+
+      double val = inout[n];
+      for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+	{
+	  inout[i] = c[i][1] * val;
+	  val = c[i][0] * val + inout[i-1];
+	}
+      inout[0] = val;
+
+      /*
+	for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+	{
+	inout[i-1] += c[i][0] * inout[i];
+	inout[i] *= c[i][1];
+	}    
+      */
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static void ReduceAlphaFactor (int n, int alpha, T & inout) // alpha of output
+    {
+      d2 * c = coefs_reducealphafac[alpha];
+
+      inout(n) = c[n][0] * inout[n-1];
+      for (int i = n-1; i >= 1; i--)
+	inout[i] = c[i+1][1] * inout[i] + c[i][0] * inout[i-1];
+      inout[0] = c[1][1] * inout[0];
+
+      /*
+	for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+	{
+	inout[i] += c[i][0] * inout[i-1];
+	inout[i-1] *= c[i][1];
+	}    
+      */
+    }
+
+
+    template <class T>
+    static void ReduceAlphaTrans (int n, int alpha, T & inout)  // alpha of input
+    {
+      d2 * c = coefs_reducealpha[alpha];
+
+      /*
+	for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+	{
+	inout[i-1] += c[i][0] * inout[i];
+	inout[i] *= c[i][1];
+	}    
+      */
+      for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+	{
+	  inout[i] *= c[i][1];
+	  inout[i] += c[i][0] * inout[i-1];
+	}    
+
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static void ReduceAlphaFactorTrans (int n, int alpha, T & inout) // alpha of output
+    {
+      d2 * c = coefs_reducealphafac[alpha];
+      /*
+	for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+	{
+	inout[i] += c[i][0] * inout[i-1];
+	inout[i-1] *= c[i][1];
+	}    
+      */
+      for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
+	{
+	  inout[i-1] *= c[i][1];
+	  inout[i-1] += c[i][0] * inout[i];
+	}    
+      inout[n] = 0;
+    }
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+    // reduce, fac
+    // P_i^alpha(x) (1-x)/2 = c_i^{alpha} P_i^{\alpha-1} + hatc_i^{alpha} P_{i+1}^{\alpha-1}
+    static double c (int i, int alpha) { return double(i+alpha)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+    static double hatc (int i, int alpha) { return -double(i+1)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+
+    // increase alpha
+    // P_i^alpha(x)  = d_i^{alpha} P_i^{\alpha+1} + hatd_i^{alpha} P_{i-1}^{\alpha+1}
+    static double d (int i, int alpha) { return double(i+alpha+1)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+    static double hatd (int i, int alpha) { return -double(i)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+
+    // decrease alpha
+    // P_i^alpha(x)  = e_i^{alpha} P_i^{\alpha-1} + hate_i^{alpha} P_{i-1}^{\alpha}
+    static double e (int i, int alpha) { return double(2*i+alpha)/double(i+alpha); }
+    static double hate (int i, int alpha) { return double(i)/double(i+alpha); }
+
+  
+    static Array<d2*> coefs_c, coefs_d, coefs_e;
+
+    // alpha,beta of input,
+    // order of input
+    // reduce alpha, reduce beta, reduce factor (1-x)/2 (1-y)/2
+    template <class T>
+    static void TriangularReduceFactor (int order, int alpha, int beta, T & inout)
+    {
+      for (int i = 0; i <= order+1; i++)
+	inout(i, order+1-i) = 0;
+
+      for (int j = order; j >= 0; j--)
+	{
+	  d2 * calpha = coefs_c[alpha+2*j];
+	  d2 * cbeta = coefs_c[beta];
+	  d2 * dalpha = coefs_d[alpha+2*j];
+
+	  for (int i = order-j; i >= 0; i--)
+	    {
+	      double val = inout(i,j);
+	      inout(i,j)    = val * calpha[i][0] * cbeta[j][0];
+	      inout(i+1,j) += val * calpha[i][1] * cbeta[j][0];
+	      inout(i,j+1) += val * dalpha[i][0] * cbeta[j][1];
+	      if (i > 0)
+		inout(i-1,j+1) += val * dalpha[i][1] * cbeta[j][1];
+	    }
+
+	  /*
+	    for (int i = order-j; i >= 0; i--)
+	    {
+	    double val = inout(i,j);
+	    inout(i,j)   = val * c(i,alpha+2*j) * c(j,beta);
+	    inout(i+1,j) += val * hatc(i, alpha+2*j) * c(j, beta);
+	    inout(i,j+1) += val * d(i, alpha+2*j) * hatc (j,beta);
+	    if (i > 0)
+	    inout(i-1,j+1) += val * hatd(i, alpha+2*j) * hatc(j,beta);
+	    }
+	  */
+	}
+    }
+
+    // alpha,beta of input,
+    // const alpha, dec beta
+    // order is constant
+    template <class T, class S>
+    static void TriangularReduceBeta (int order, int alpha, int beta, T & inout, S & hv)
+    {
+      d2 * ebeta  = coefs_e[beta];
+
+      for (int j = order; j > 0; j--)
+	{
+	  d2 * calpha = coefs_c[alpha+2*j];
+
+	  hv = 0.0;
+	  for (int i = 0; i <= order-j; i++)
+	    {
+	      double val = inout(i,j);
+	      inout(i,j)  = val * ebeta[j][0]; 
+
+	      hv(i)   += val * calpha[i][0] * ebeta[j][1];
+	      hv(i+1) += val * calpha[i][1] * ebeta[j][1];
+	    }
+
+	  ReduceAlpha (order-j+1, alpha+2*j-1, hv);
+	  inout.Col(j-1) += hv;
+	}
+    }  
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  // template meta-programming
+
+  template <int N, int AL>
+  class TReduceAlpha
+  { 
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = TReduceAlpha<N-1,AL>::FLOP + 2 };
+
+    template <class T>
+    static INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+    {
+      inout[N-1] += double(N)/double(N+AL) * inout[N];
+      inout[N] *= double(2*N+AL)/double(N+AL);
+      TReduceAlpha<N-1,AL>::Do(inout);
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+    {
+      TReduceAlpha<N-1,AL>::Trans(inout);
+      inout[N] *= double(2*N+AL)/double(N+AL);
+      inout[N] += double(N)/double(N+AL) * inout[N-1];
+    }  
+  };
+
+  template <int AL>
+  class TReduceAlpha<0,AL> 
+  { 
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = 0 };
+    template <class T>
+    static void Do (T & inout) { ; }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static void Trans (T & inout) { ; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <int N, int AL, int HIGHEST = 1>
+  class TReduceAlphaFactor
+  { 
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = TReduceAlphaFactor<N-1,AL>::FLOP + 2 };
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+    {
+      if (HIGHEST)
+	inout[N] = double(-N)/double(2*N+AL) * inout[N-1];
+      else
+	inout[N] += double(-N)/double(2*N+AL) * inout[N-1];
+      inout[N-1] *= double(N+AL)/double(2*N+AL);
+      TReduceAlphaFactor<N-1,AL,0>::Do(inout);
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+    {
+      TReduceAlphaFactor<N-1,AL,0>::Trans(inout);
+      inout[N-1] *= double(N+AL)/double(2*N+AL);
+      inout[N-1] += double(-N)/double(2*N+AL) * inout[N];
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <int AL, int HIGHEST>
+  class TReduceAlphaFactor<0,AL,HIGHEST> 
+  { 
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = 0 };
+
+    template <class T>
+    static inline void Do (T & inout)
+    { 
+      if (HIGHEST) inout[0] = 0.0;
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static inline void Trans (T & inout) { ; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  /*
+    template <class T>
+    void DifferentiateJacobi (int n, double alpha, T & inout)
+    {
+    for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--)
+    {
+    double val = inout(i);
+    inout(i-1) -= alpha*(2*i+alpha-1) / ( (i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-2)) * val;
+    if (i > 1)
+    inout(i-2) += (i-1)*(2*i+alpha) / ( (i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-2))  * val;
+
+    inout(i) *= (2*i+alpha)*(2*i+alpha-1) / ( 2 * (i+alpha) );
+    }
+    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
+    inout(i) = inout(i+1);
+    inout(n) = 0;
+    }
+  */
+
+
+
+  template <int N, int AL>
+  class TDifferentiateJacobi
+  { 
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = TDifferentiateJacobi<N-1,AL>::FLOP + 3 };
+
+    // (P_i^Al)' = c1 P_i^AL + c2 (P_{i-1}^AL)' + c3 (P_{i-2}^AL)' 
+
+    static double c1() { return double ( (2*N+AL)*(2*N+AL-1) ) / double( 2 * (N+AL) ); }
+    static double c2() { return -double (AL*(2*N+AL-1)) / double( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2)); }
+    static double c3() { return double((N-1)*(2*N+AL)) / double( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2)); }
+    /*
+      enum { c2 = -double (AL*(2*N+AL-1)) / double( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2)) };
+      enum { c3 = double((N-1)*(2*N+AL)) / double( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2)) };
+    */
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+    {
+      double val = inout(N);
+      inout(N-1) += c2() * val;
+      if (N > 1)
+	inout(N-2) += c3() * val;
+
+      inout(N) *= c1();
+      /*
+	double val = inout(N);
+	inout(N-1) -= double (AL*(2*N+AL-1)) / double( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2)) * val;
+	if (N > 1)
+	inout(N-2) += double((N-1)*(2*N+AL)) / double( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2))  * val;
+
+	inout(N) *= double ( (2*N+AL)*(2*N+AL-1) ) / double( 2 * (N+AL) );
+      */
+      TDifferentiateJacobi<N-1,AL>::Do(inout);
+
+      inout(N-1) = inout(N);
+      inout(N) = 0;
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+    {
+      inout(N) = inout(N-1);
+      inout(N-1) = 0;
+
+      TDifferentiateJacobi<N-1,AL>::Trans(inout);
+
+      inout(N) *= double ((2*N+AL)*(2*N+AL-1)) / ( 2 * (N+AL) );
+
+      inout(N) -= double (AL*(2*N+AL-1)) / ( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2)) * inout(N-1);
+      if (N > 1)
+	inout(N) += double ((N-1)*(2*N+AL)) / ( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2))  * inout(N-2);
+
+      /*      
+	      double val = inout(N);
+	      inout(N-1) -= double (AL*(2*N+AL-1)) / double( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2)) * val;
+	      if (N > 1)
+	      inout(N-2) += double((N-1)*(2*N+AL)) / double( (N+AL)*(2*N+AL-2))  * val;
+
+	      inout(N) *= double ( (2*N+AL)*(2*N+AL-1) ) / double( 2 * (N+AL) );
+      */
+
+    }
+
+
+  };
+
+  template <int AL>
+  class TDifferentiateJacobi<0,AL> 
+  { 
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = 0 };
+
+    template <class T>
+    static inline void Do (T & inout) { ; }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static inline void Trans (T & inout) { ; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <int N>
+  class TDifferentiateLegendre
+  { 
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = TDifferentiateLegendre<N-1>::FLOP + 3 };
+
+    // (P_i^Al)' = c1 P_i^AL + c2 (P_{i-1}^AL)' + c3 (P_{i-2}^AL)' 
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+    {
+      double val = inout(N);
+      if (N > 1) inout(N-2) += val;
+    
+      inout(N) *= double (2*N-1);
+      TDifferentiateLegendre<N-1>::Do(inout);
+
+      inout(N-1) = inout(N);
+      inout(N) = 0;
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+    {
+      inout(N) = inout(N-1);
+      inout(N-1) = 0;
+
+      TDifferentiateLegendre<N-1>::Trans(inout);
+
+      inout(N) *= double (2*N-1);
+      if (N > 1) inout(N) += inout(N-2);
+    }
+
+  };
+
+  template <>
+  class TDifferentiateLegendre<0> 
+  { 
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = 0 };
+
+    template <class T>
+    static inline void Do (T & inout) { ; }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static inline void Trans (T & inout) { ; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <int N, int J, int I, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceFactorCol
+  {
+    // reduce, fac
+    // P_i^alpha(x) (1-x)/2 = c_i^{alpha} P_i^{\alpha-1} + hatc_i^{alpha} P_{i+1}^{\alpha-1}
+    static double c (int i, int alpha) { return double(i+alpha)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+    static double hatc (int i, int alpha) { return -double(i+1)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+
+    // increase alpha
+    // P_i^alpha(x)  = d_i^{alpha} P_i^{\alpha+1} + hatd_i^{alpha} P_{i-1}^{\alpha+1}
+    static double d (int i, int alpha) { return double(i+alpha+1)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+    static double hatd (int i, int alpha) { return -double(i)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = TTriangleReduceFactorCol<N,J,I-1,AL,BE>::FLOP + 4 };
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+    {
+      double val    = inout(I,J);
+
+      inout(I,J)    = val * c(I,AL+2*J) * c(J,BE);
+      inout(I+1,J) += val * hatc(I, AL+2*J) * c(J, BE);
+      inout(I,J+1) += val * d(I, AL+2*J) * hatc (J, BE);
+      if (I > 0)
+	inout(I-1,J+1) += val * hatd(I, AL+2*J) * hatc(J,BE);
+
+      TTriangleReduceFactorCol<N,J,I-1,AL,BE> ::Do(inout);
+    }
+
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+    {
+      TTriangleReduceFactorCol<N,J,I-1,AL,BE> ::Trans(inout);
+
+      double val = 
+	c(I,AL+2*J) * c(J,BE) * inout(I,J)
+	+ hatc(I, AL+2*J) * c(J, BE) * inout(I+1,J)
+	+ d(I, AL+2*J) * hatc (J, BE) * inout(I,J+1);
+
+      if (I > 0)
+	val += hatd(I, AL+2*J) * hatc(J,BE) * inout(I-1,J+1);
+
+      inout(I,J) = val;
+    }
+
+  };
+
+
+  template <int N, int J, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceFactorCol<N,J,-1,AL,BE>
+  {
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = 0 };
+    template <class T>
+    static void Do (T & inout) { ; }
+    template <class T>
+    static void Trans (T & inout) { ; }
+  };
+
+
+  template <int N, int J, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceFactor
+  {
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = TTriangleReduceFactor<N,J-1,AL,BE>::FLOP + 
+	   TTriangleReduceFactorCol<N,J,N-J,AL,BE>::FLOP };
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+    {
+      if (J == N)
+	for (int i = 0; i <= N+1; i++)
+	  inout(i, N+1-i) = 0;
+      
+      TTriangleReduceFactorCol<N,J,N-J,AL,BE> ::Do(inout);
+      TTriangleReduceFactor<N,J-1,AL,BE>  ::Do(inout);
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+    {
+      /*
+	if (J == N)
+	for (int i = 0; i <= N+1; i++)
+	inout(i, N+1-i) = 0;
+      */
+      TTriangleReduceFactor<N,J-1,AL,BE>  ::Trans(inout);
+      TTriangleReduceFactorCol<N,J,N-J,AL,BE> ::Trans(inout);
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  template <int N, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceFactor<N,-1,AL,BE>
+  {
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = 0 };
+    template <class T>
+    static void Do (T & inout) { ; }
+    template <class T>
+    static void Trans (T & inout) { ; }
+  };
+
+ 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  /*
+
+
+  template <int N, int J, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduce
+  {
+  // reduce, fac
+  // P_i^alpha(x) (1-x)/2 = c_i^{alpha} P_i^{\alpha-1} + hatc_i^{alpha} P_{i+1}^{\alpha-1}
+  static double c (int i, int alpha) { return double(i+alpha)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+  static double hatc (int i, int alpha) { return -double(i+1)/double(2*i+alpha+1); }
+
+  // decrease alpha
+  // P_i^alpha(x)  = e_i^{alpha} P_i^{\alpha-1} + hate_i^{alpha} P_{i-1}^{\alpha}
+  static double e (int i, int alpha) { return double(2*i+alpha)/double(i+alpha); }
+  static double hate (int i, int alpha) { return double(i)/double(i+alpha); }
+
+
+  public:
+  enum { FLOP = TTriangleReduce<N,J-1,AL,BE>::FLOP + 3*(N-J+1) +
+  TReduceAlpha<N-J+1, AL+2*J-1>::FLOP
+  };
+
+
+  template <class T>
+  static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+  {
+  Vec<N-J+2> hv;
+  hv(0) = 0.0;
+
+  for (int i = 0; i <= N-J; i++)
+  {
+  double val = inout(i,J);
+  inout(i,J)  = val * e(J,BE);
+  hv(i)   += val * c(i, AL+2*J) * hate(J, BE);
+  hv(i+1)  = val * hatc(i, AL+2*J) * hate(J, BE);
+  }
+      
+  TReduceAlpha<N-J+1, AL+2*J-1>::Do(hv);
+      
+  for (int i = 0; i <= N-J+1; i++)
+  inout(i,J-1) += hv(i);
+
+  TTriangleReduce<N,J-1,AL,BE>  ::Do(inout);
+
+  TReduceAlpha<N-J, AL+2*J>::Do(inout.Col(J));
+  }
+
+
+
+
+  template <class T>
+  static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+  {
+  Vec<N-J+2> hv;
+    
+  TReduceAlpha<N-J, AL+2*J>::Trans(inout.Col(J));
+
+  TTriangleReduce<N,J-1,AL,BE>::Trans(inout);
+
+  for (int i = 0; i <= N-J+1; i++)
+  hv(i) = inout(i,J-1);
+
+  TReduceAlpha<N-J+1, AL+2*J-1>::Trans(hv);    
+
+  for (int i = 0; i <= N-J; i++)
+  {
+  inout(i,J) = 
+  e(J,BE) * inout(i,J) 
+  + c(i, AL+2*J) * hate(J, BE) * hv(i)
+  + hatc(i, AL+2*J) * hate(J, BE) * hv(i+1);
+  } 
+  }
+  };
+
+
+  template <int N, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduce<N,0,AL,BE>
+  {
+  public:
+  enum { FLOP = 0 };
+  template <class T>
+  static void Do (T & inout) 
+  { 
+  TReduceAlpha<N, AL>::Do(inout.Col(0));
+  }
+  
+  template <class T>
+  static void Trans (T & inout) 
+  {
+  TReduceAlpha<N, AL>::Trans(inout.Col(0));
+  }
+  };
+  */
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  template <int N, int I, int J, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceLoop2New
+  {
+  public:
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+    {
+      if (BE+I == 0) cout << "is 0" << endl;
+      double fac = 1.0 / ( (BE + I)*(4 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + J-1) );
+      double val = inout(J,I);
+      inout(J,I) = fac * (BE + 2*I)*(5 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + 2*J-2) * val;
+      if (I >= 1)
+	{
+	  inout(J,I-1) += fac * I*(3 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + J-1) * val;
+	  inout(1+J,I-1) -= fac * I*(2 + J-1) * val;
+	}
+      if (J >= 1)
+	inout(J-1, I) += fac * (BE + I)*(1 + J-1) * val;
+
+      TTriangleReduceLoop2New<N,I,J-1,AL,BE>::Do(inout);
+    }
+
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+    {
+      TTriangleReduceLoop2New<N,I,J-1,AL,BE>::Trans(inout);
+
+      double fac = 1.0 / ( (BE + I)*(4 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + J-1) );
+      double val = inout(J,I) * ( fac * (BE + 2*I)*(5 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + 2*J-2) );
+      if (I >= 1)
+	{
+	  val += inout(J,I-1) * ( fac * I*(3 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + J-1) );
+	  val -= inout(1+J,I-1) * ( fac * I*(2 + J-1));
+	}
+      if (J >= 1)
+	val += inout(J-1, I) * (fac * (BE + I)*(1 + J-1));
+      
+      inout(J,I) = val;
+    }
+
+  };
+
+  template <int N, int AL, int I, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceLoop2New<N,I,-1,AL,BE>
+  {
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = 0 };
+    template <class T>
+    static void Do (T & inout) { ; }
+  
+    template <class T>
+    static void Trans (T & inout) { ; }
+  };
+
+
+
+  template <int N, int I, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceNew
+  {
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = TTriangleReduceNew<N,I-1,AL,BE>::FLOP + 4*(N-I+1) };
+
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+    {
+      TTriangleReduceLoop2New<N,I,N-I,AL,BE>::Do(inout);
+      TTriangleReduceNew<N,I-1,AL,BE>::Do(inout);
+    }
+
+    template <class T>
+    static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+    {
+      TTriangleReduceNew<N,I-1,AL,BE>::Trans(inout);
+      TTriangleReduceLoop2New<N,I,N-I,AL,BE>::Trans(inout);
+    }
+  };
+
+  template <int N, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceNew<N,-1,AL,BE>
+  {
+  public:
+    enum { FLOP = 0 };
+
+    template <class T>
+    static void Do (T & inout) { ; }
+  
+    template <class T>
+    static void Trans (T & inout) { ; }
+  };
+
+
+
+
+
+  /*
+
+  template <int N, int I, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceNew
+  {
+  public:
+
+  template <class T>
+  static  INLINE void Do (T & inout)
+  {
+  for (int J = N-I; J >= 0; J--)
+  {
+  double fac = 1.0 / ( (2 + BE-1 + I-1)*(4 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + J-1) );
+  double val = inout(J,I);
+  inout(J,I) = fac * (3 + BE-1 + 2*I-2)*(5 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + 2*J-2) * val;
+  if (I >= 1)
+  {
+  inout(1+J,I-1) += -fac * I*(2 + J-1) * val;
+  inout(J,I-1) += fac * I*(3 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + J-1) * val;
+  }
+  if (J >= 1)
+  inout(J-1, I) += fac * (2 + BE-1 + I-1)*(1 + J-1) * val;
+  }
+
+  TTriangleReduceNew<N,I-1,AL,BE>::Do(inout);
+  }
+
+
+  template <class T>
+  static  INLINE void Trans (T & inout)
+  {
+  TTriangleReduceNew<N,I-1,AL,BE>::Trans(inout);
+
+  for (int J = 0; J <= N-I; J++)
+  {
+  double fac = 1.0 / ( (2 + BE-1 + I-1)*(4 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + J-1) );
+  double val = inout(J,I) * ( fac * (3 + BE-1 + 2*I-2)*(5 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + 2*J-2) );
+  if (I >= 1)
+  {
+  val += inout(J,I-1) * ( fac * I*(3 + AL-1 + 2*I-2 + J-1) );
+  val -= inout(1+J,I-1) * ( fac * I*(2 + J-1));
+  }
+          
+  if (J >= 1)
+  val += inout(J-1, I) * (fac * (2 + BE-1 + I-1)*(1 + J-1));
+          
+  inout(J,I) = val;
+  }
+  }
+
+  };
+
+  template <int N, int AL, int BE>
+  class TTriangleReduceNew<N,-1,AL,BE>
+  {
+  public:
+  enum { FLOP = 0 };
+  template <class T>
+  static void Do (T & inout) 
+  { ; }
+  
+  template <class T>
+  static void Trans (T & inout) 
+  { ; }
+  };
+  */
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+}
+
+
+#include "recursive_pol_trig.hpp"
+#include "recursive_pol_tet.hpp"
+
+#endif