ngio 0.5.0__py3-none-any.whl → 0.5.0a1__py3-none-any.whl

ngio/ome_zarr_meta/_meta_handlers.py

@@ -1,38 +1,33 @@
 """Base class for handling OME-NGFF metadata in Zarr groups."""
 
-from collections.abc import Callable
-from typing import TypeVar
+from typing import Generic, Protocol, TypeVar
+
+from pydantic import ValidationError
 
 from ngio.ome_zarr_meta.ngio_specs import (
     AxesSetup,
     NgioImageMeta,
     NgioLabelMeta,
-    NgioLabelsGroupMeta,
     NgioPlateMeta,
     NgioWellMeta,
 )
-from ngio.ome_zarr_meta.ngio_specs._ngio_image import NgffVersions
 from ngio.ome_zarr_meta.v04 import (
     ngio_to_v04_image_meta,
     ngio_to_v04_label_meta,
-    ngio_to_v04_labels_group_meta,
     ngio_to_v04_plate_meta,
     ngio_to_v04_well_meta,
     v04_to_ngio_image_meta,
     v04_to_ngio_label_meta,
-    v04_to_ngio_labels_group_meta,
     v04_to_ngio_plate_meta,
     v04_to_ngio_well_meta,
 )
 from ngio.ome_zarr_meta.v05 import (
     ngio_to_v05_image_meta,
     ngio_to_v05_label_meta,
-    ngio_to_v05_labels_group_meta,
     ngio_to_v05_plate_meta,
     ngio_to_v05_well_meta,
     v05_to_ngio_image_meta,
     v05_to_ngio_label_meta,
-    v05_to_ngio_labels_group_meta,
     v05_to_ngio_plate_meta,
     v05_to_ngio_well_meta,
 )
@@ -42,471 +37,792 @@ from ngio.utils import (
     ZarrGroupHandler,
 )
 
-# This could be replaced with a more dynamic registry if needed in the future
-_image_encoder_registry = {"0.4": ngio_to_v04_image_meta, "0.5": ngio_to_v05_image_meta}
-_image_decoder_registry = {"0.4": v04_to_ngio_image_meta, "0.5": v05_to_ngio_image_meta}
-_label_encoder_registry = {"0.4": ngio_to_v04_label_meta, "0.5": ngio_to_v05_label_meta}
-_label_decoder_registry = {"0.4": v04_to_ngio_label_meta, "0.5": v05_to_ngio_label_meta}
-_plate_encoder_registry = {"0.4": ngio_to_v04_plate_meta, "0.5": ngio_to_v05_plate_meta}
-_plate_decoder_registry = {"0.4": v04_to_ngio_plate_meta, "0.5": v05_to_ngio_plate_meta}
-_well_encoder_registry = {"0.4": ngio_to_v04_well_meta, "0.5": ngio_to_v05_well_meta}
-_well_decoder_registry = {"0.4": v04_to_ngio_well_meta, "0.5": v05_to_ngio_well_meta}
-_labels_group_encoder_registry = {
-    "0.4": ngio_to_v04_labels_group_meta,
-    "0.5": ngio_to_v05_labels_group_meta,
-}
-_labels_group_decoder_registry = {
-    "0.4": v04_to_ngio_labels_group_meta,
-    "0.5": v05_to_ngio_labels_group_meta,
-}
-
-_meta_type = TypeVar(
-    "_meta_type",
-    NgioImageMeta,
-    NgioLabelMeta,
-    NgioLabelsGroupMeta,
-    NgioPlateMeta,
-    NgioWellMeta,
-)
+ConverterError = ValidationError | Exception | None
 
+###########################################################################
+#
+# The code below implements a generic class for handling OME-Zarr metadata
+# in Zarr groups.
+#
+###########################################################################
 
-def _find_encoder_registry(
-    ngio_meta: _meta_type,
-) -> dict[str, Callable]:
-    if isinstance(ngio_meta, NgioImageMeta):
-        return _image_encoder_registry
-    elif isinstance(ngio_meta, NgioLabelMeta):
-        return _label_encoder_registry
-    elif isinstance(ngio_meta, NgioPlateMeta):
-        return _plate_encoder_registry
-    elif isinstance(ngio_meta, NgioWellMeta):
-        return _well_encoder_registry
-    elif isinstance(ngio_meta, NgioLabelsGroupMeta):
-        return _labels_group_encoder_registry
-    else:
-        raise NgioValueError(f"Unsupported NGIO metadata type: {type(ngio_meta)}")
-
-
-def update_ngio_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    ngio_meta: _meta_type,
-) -> None:
-    """Update the metadata in the Zarr group.
-
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        ngio_meta (_meta_type): The new NGIO metadata.
-
-    """
-    registry = _find_encoder_registry(ngio_meta)
-    exporter = registry.get(ngio_meta.version)
-    if exporter is None:
-        raise NgioValueError(f"Unsupported NGFF version: {ngio_meta.version}")
-
-    zarr_meta = exporter(ngio_meta)
-    group_handler.write_attrs(zarr_meta)
-
-
-def _find_decoder_registry(
-    meta_type: type[_meta_type],
-) -> dict[str, Callable]:
-    if meta_type is NgioImageMeta:
-        return _image_decoder_registry
-    elif meta_type is NgioLabelMeta:
-        return _label_decoder_registry
-    elif meta_type is NgioPlateMeta:
-        return _plate_decoder_registry
-    elif meta_type is NgioWellMeta:
-        return _well_decoder_registry
-    elif meta_type is NgioLabelsGroupMeta:
-        return _labels_group_decoder_registry
-    else:
-        raise NgioValueError(f"Unsupported NGIO metadata type: {meta_type}")
-
-
-def get_ngio_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    meta_type: type[_meta_type],
-    version: str | None = None,
-    **kwargs,
-) -> _meta_type:
-    """Retrieve the NGIO metadata from the Zarr group.
-
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        meta_type (type[_meta_type]): The type of NGIO metadata to retrieve.
-        version (str | None): Optional NGFF version to use for decoding.
-        **kwargs: Additional arguments to pass to the decoder.
-
-    Returns:
-        _meta_type: The NGIO metadata.
-    """
-    registry = _find_decoder_registry(meta_type)
-    if version is not None:
-        decoder = registry.get(version)
-        if decoder is None:
-            raise NgioValueError(f"Unsupported NGFF version: {version}")
-        versions_to_try = {version: decoder}
-    else:
-        versions_to_try = registry
-
-    attrs = group_handler.load_attrs()
-    all_errors = []
-    for version, decoder in versions_to_try.items():
-        try:
-            ngio_meta = decoder(attrs, **kwargs)
-            return ngio_meta
-        except Exception as e:
-            all_errors.append(f"Version {version}: {e}")
-    error_message = (
-        f"Failed to decode NGIO {meta_type.__name__} metadata:\n"
-        + "\n".join(all_errors)
-    )
-    raise NgioValidationError(error_message)
 
+class ImageMetaImporter(Protocol):
+    @staticmethod
+    def __call__(
+        metadata: dict,
+        axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+        strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+    ) -> tuple[bool, NgioImageMeta | ConverterError]:
+        """Convert the metadata to a NgioImageMeta object.
 
-##################################################
-#
-# Concrete implementations for NGIO metadata types
-#
-##################################################
+        Args:
+            metadata (dict): The metadata (typically from a Zarr group .attrs).
+            axes_setup (AxesSetup, optional): The axes setup.
+                This is used to map axes with non-canonical names.
+            allow_non_canonical_axes (bool, optional): Whether to allow non-canonical
+                axes.
+            strict_canonical_order (bool, optional): Whether to enforce a strict
+                canonical order.
 
+        Returns:
+            tuple[bool, NgioImageMeta | ConverterError]: A tuple with a boolean
+                indicating whether the conversion was successful and the
+                NgioImageMeta object or an error.
 
-def get_ngio_image_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    version: str | None = None,
-    axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
-) -> NgioImageMeta:
-    """Retrieve the NGIO image metadata from the Zarr group.
-
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        version (str | None): Optional NGFF version to use for decoding.
-        axes_setup (AxesSetup | None): Optional axes setup for validation.
-
-    Returns:
-        NgioImageMeta: The NGIO image metadata.
-    """
-    # axes_setup = axes_setup or AxesSetup(x="XX")
-    return get_ngio_meta(
-        group_handler=group_handler,
-        meta_type=NgioImageMeta,
-        version=version,
-        axes_setup=axes_setup,
-    )
+        """
+        ...
 
 
-def update_ngio_image_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    ngio_meta: NgioImageMeta,
-) -> None:
-    """Update the NGIO image metadata in the Zarr group.
+class ImageMetaExporter(Protocol):
+    def __call__(self, metadata: NgioImageMeta) -> dict: ...
 
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        ngio_meta (NgioImageMeta): The new NGIO image metadata.
 
-    """
-    update_ngio_meta(
-        group_handler=group_handler,
-        ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
-    )
+class LabelMetaImporter(Protocol):
+    @staticmethod
+    def __call__(
+        metadata: dict,
+        axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+        strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+    ) -> tuple[bool, NgioLabelMeta | ConverterError]:
+        """Convert the metadata to a NgioLabelMeta object.
+
+        Args:
+            metadata (dict): The metadata (typically from a Zarr group .attrs).
+            axes_setup (AxesSetup, optional): The axes setup.
+                This is used to map axes with non-canonical names.
+            allow_non_canonical_axes (bool, optional): Whether to allow non-canonical
+                axes.
+            strict_canonical_order (bool, optional): Whether to enforce a strict
+                canonical order.
+
+        Returns:
+            tuple[bool, NgioLabelMeta | ConverterError]: A tuple with a boolean
+                indicating whether the conversion was successful and the
+                NgioLabelMeta object or an error.
+
+        """
+        ...
 
 
-class ImageMetaHandler:
+class LabelMetaExporter(Protocol):
+    def __call__(self, metadata: NgioLabelMeta) -> dict: ...
+
+
+class WellMetaImporter(Protocol):
+    def __call__(
+        self, metadata: dict
+    ) -> tuple[bool, NgioWellMeta | ConverterError]: ...
+
+
+class WellMetaExporter(Protocol):
+    def __call__(self, metadata: NgioWellMeta) -> dict: ...
+
+
+class PlateMetaImporter(Protocol):
+    def __call__(
+        self, metadata: dict
+    ) -> tuple[bool, NgioPlateMeta | ConverterError]: ...
+
+
+class PlateMetaExporter(Protocol):
+    def __call__(self, metadata: NgioPlateMeta) -> dict: ...
+
+
+###########################################################################
+#
+# Image and label metadata handlers
+#
+###########################################################################
+
+_image_meta = TypeVar("_image_meta", NgioImageMeta, NgioLabelMeta)
+_image_meta_importer = TypeVar(
+    "_image_meta_importer", ImageMetaImporter, LabelMetaImporter
+)
+_image_meta_exporter = TypeVar(
+    "_image_meta_exporter", ImageMetaExporter, LabelMetaExporter
+)
+
+
+class GenericMetaHandler(
+    Generic[_image_meta, _image_meta_importer, _image_meta_exporter]
+):
+    """Generic class for handling OME-Zarr metadata in Zarr groups."""
+
     def __init__(
         self,
+        meta_importer: _image_meta_importer,
+        meta_exporter: _image_meta_exporter,
         group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-        version: str | None = None,
         axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+        strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
     ):
+        """Initialize the handler.
+
+        Args:
+            meta_importer (MetaImporter): The metadata importer.
+            meta_exporter (MetaExporter): The metadata exporter.
+            group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
+            axes_setup (AxesSetup, optional): The axes setup.
+                This is used to map axes with non-canonical names.
+            allow_non_canonical_axes (bool, optional): Whether to allow non-canonical
+                axes.
+            strict_canonical_order (bool, optional): Whether to enforce a strict
+                canonical order.
+        """
         self._group_handler = group_handler
-        self._version = version
+        self._meta_importer = meta_importer
+        self._meta_exporter = meta_exporter
         self._axes_setup = axes_setup
-        # Validate metadata
-        meta = self.get_meta()
-        # Store the resolved version
-        self._version = meta.version
-
-    def get_meta(self) -> NgioImageMeta:
-        """Retrieve the NGIO image metadata."""
-        return get_ngio_image_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            version=self._version,
+        self._allow_non_canonical_axes = allow_non_canonical_axes
+        self._strict_canonical_order = strict_canonical_order
+
+    def _load_meta(self, return_error: bool = False):
+        """Load the metadata from the store."""
+        attrs = self._group_handler.load_attrs()
+        is_valid, meta_or_error = self._meta_importer(
+            metadata=attrs,
             axes_setup=self._axes_setup,
+            allow_non_canonical_axes=self._allow_non_canonical_axes,
+            strict_canonical_order=self._strict_canonical_order,
         )
+        if is_valid:
+            return meta_or_error
 
-    def update_meta(self, ngio_meta: NgioImageMeta) -> None:
-        """Update the NGIO image metadata."""
-        update_ngio_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
-        )
+        if return_error:
+            return meta_or_error
 
+        raise NgioValueError(f"Could not load metadata: {meta_or_error}")
 
-def get_ngio_label_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    version: str | None = None,
-    axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
-) -> NgioLabelMeta:
-    """Retrieve the NGIO label metadata from the Zarr group.
-
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        version (str | None): Optional NGFF version to use for decoding.
-        axes_setup (AxesSetup | None): Optional axes setup for validation.
-
-    Returns:
-        NgioLabelMeta: The NGIO label metadata.
-    """
-    return get_ngio_meta(
-        group_handler=group_handler,
-        meta_type=NgioLabelMeta,
-        version=version,
-        axes_setup=axes_setup,
-    )
+    def _write_meta(self, meta) -> None:
+        """Write the metadata to the store."""
+        _meta = self._meta_exporter(metadata=meta)
+        self._group_handler.write_attrs(_meta)
 
+    def write_meta(self, meta: _image_meta) -> None:
+        self._write_meta(meta)
 
-def update_ngio_label_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    ngio_meta: NgioLabelMeta,
-) -> None:
-    """Update the NGIO label metadata in the Zarr group.
+    @property
+    def meta(self) -> _image_meta:
+        """Return the metadata."""
+        raise NotImplementedError("This method should be implemented in a subclass.")
 
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        ngio_meta (NgioLabelMeta): The new NGIO label metadata.
 
-    """
-    update_ngio_meta(
-        group_handler=group_handler,
-        ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
-    )
+class ImageMetaHandler(
+    GenericMetaHandler[NgioImageMeta, ImageMetaImporter, ImageMetaExporter]
+):
+    """Generic class for handling OME-Zarr metadata in Zarr groups."""
+
+    @property
+    def meta(self) -> NgioImageMeta:
+        meta = self._load_meta()
+        if isinstance(meta, NgioImageMeta):
+            return meta
+        raise NgioValueError(f"Could not load metadata: {meta}")
+
+    def safe_load_meta(self) -> NgioImageMeta | ConverterError:
+        """Load the metadata from the store."""
+        return self._load_meta(return_error=True)
+
+
+class LabelMetaHandler(
+    GenericMetaHandler[NgioLabelMeta, LabelMetaImporter, LabelMetaExporter]
+):
+    """Generic class for handling OME-Zarr metadata in Zarr groups."""
+
+    @property
+    def meta(self) -> NgioLabelMeta:
+        meta = self._load_meta()
+        if isinstance(meta, NgioLabelMeta):
+            return meta
+        raise NgioValueError(f"Could not load metadata: {meta}")
+
+    def safe_load_meta(self) -> NgioLabelMeta | ConverterError:
+        """Load the metadata from the store."""
+        return self._load_meta(return_error=True)
+
+
+###########################################################################
+#
+# Well and plate metadata handlers
+#
+###########################################################################
+
+_hcs_meta = TypeVar("_hcs_meta", NgioWellMeta, NgioPlateMeta)
+_hcs_meta_importer = TypeVar("_hcs_meta_importer", WellMetaImporter, PlateMetaImporter)
+_hcs_meta_exporter = TypeVar("_hcs_meta_exporter", WellMetaExporter, PlateMetaExporter)
+
 
+class GenericHCSMetaHandler(Generic[_hcs_meta, _hcs_meta_importer, _hcs_meta_exporter]):
+    """Generic class for handling OME-Zarr metadata in Zarr groups."""
 
-class LabelMetaHandler:
     def __init__(
         self,
+        meta_importer: _hcs_meta_importer,
+        meta_exporter: _hcs_meta_exporter,
         group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-        axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
-        version: str | None = None,
     ):
         self._group_handler = group_handler
-        self._version = version
-        self._axes_setup = axes_setup
+        self._meta_importer = meta_importer
+        self._meta_exporter = meta_exporter
 
-        # Validate metadata
-        meta = self.get_meta()
-        # Store the resolved version
-        self._version = meta.version
+    def _load_meta(self, return_error: bool = False):
+        """Load the metadata from the store."""
+        attrs = self._group_handler.load_attrs()
+        is_valid, meta_or_error = self._meta_importer(metadata=attrs)
+        if is_valid:
+            return meta_or_error
 
-    def get_meta(self) -> NgioLabelMeta:
-        """Retrieve the NGIO label metadata."""
-        return get_ngio_label_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            version=self._version,
-            axes_setup=self._axes_setup,
-        )
+        if return_error:
+            return meta_or_error
 
-    def update_meta(self, ngio_meta: NgioLabelMeta) -> None:
-        """Update the NGIO label metadata."""
-        update_ngio_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
-        )
+        raise NgioValueError(f"Could not load metadata: {meta_or_error}")
 
+    def _write_meta(self, meta) -> None:
+        _meta = self._meta_exporter(metadata=meta)
+        self._group_handler.write_attrs(_meta)
 
-def get_ngio_plate_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    version: str | None = None,
-) -> NgioPlateMeta:
-    """Retrieve the NGIO plate metadata from the Zarr group.
-
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        version (str | None): Optional NGFF version to use for decoding.
-
-    Returns:
-        NgioPlateMeta: The NGIO plate metadata.
-    """
-    return get_ngio_meta(
-        group_handler=group_handler,
-        meta_type=NgioPlateMeta,
-        version=version,
-    )
+    def write_meta(self, meta: _hcs_meta) -> None:
+        self._write_meta(meta)
 
+    @property
+    def meta(self) -> _hcs_meta:
+        raise NotImplementedError("This method should be implemented in a subclass.")
 
-def update_ngio_plate_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    ngio_meta: NgioPlateMeta,
-) -> None:
-    """Update the NGIO plate metadata in the Zarr group.
 
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        ngio_meta (NgioPlateMeta): The new NGIO plate metadata.
+class WellMetaHandler(
+    GenericHCSMetaHandler[NgioWellMeta, WellMetaImporter, WellMetaExporter]
+):
+    """Generic class for handling OME-Zarr metadata in Zarr groups."""
 
-    """
-    update_ngio_meta(
-        group_handler=group_handler,
-        ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
-    )
+    @property
+    def meta(self) -> NgioWellMeta:
+        meta = self._load_meta()
+        if isinstance(meta, NgioWellMeta):
+            return meta
+        raise NgioValueError(f"Could not load metadata: {meta}")
+
+    def safe_load_meta(self) -> NgioWellMeta | ConverterError:
+        """Load the metadata from the store."""
+        return self._load_meta(return_error=True)
 
 
-class PlateMetaHandler:
+class PlateMetaHandler(
+    GenericHCSMetaHandler[NgioPlateMeta, PlateMetaImporter, PlateMetaExporter]
+):
+    """Generic class for handling OME-Zarr metadata in Zarr groups."""
+
+    @property
+    def meta(self) -> NgioPlateMeta:
+        meta = self._load_meta()
+        if isinstance(meta, NgioPlateMeta):
+            return meta
+        raise NgioValueError(f"Could not load metadata: {meta}")
+
+    def safe_load_meta(self) -> NgioPlateMeta | ConverterError:
+        """Load the metadata from the store."""
+        return self._load_meta(return_error=True)
+
+
+###########################################################################
+#
+# Metadata importer/exporter registration & builder classes
+#
+###########################################################################
+
+
+_meta_exporter = TypeVar(
+    "_meta_exporter",
+    ImageMetaExporter,
+    LabelMetaExporter,
+    WellMetaExporter,
+    PlateMetaExporter,
+)
+_meta_importer = TypeVar(
+    "_meta_importer",
+    ImageMetaImporter,
+    LabelMetaImporter,
+    WellMetaImporter,
+    PlateMetaImporter,
+)
+
+
+class _ImporterExporter(Generic[_meta_importer, _meta_exporter]):
     def __init__(
         self,
-        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-        version: str | None = None,
+        version: str,
+        importer: _meta_importer,
+        exporter: _meta_exporter,
     ):
-        self._group_handler = group_handler
-        self._version = version
-
-        # Validate metadata
-        _ = self.get_meta()
-        # Store the resolved version
-        # self._version = meta.version
-
-    def get_meta(self) -> NgioPlateMeta:
-        """Retrieve the NGIO plate metadata."""
-        return get_ngio_plate_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            version=self._version,
+        self.importer = importer
+        self.exporter = exporter
+        self.version = version
+
+
+ImageImporterExporter = _ImporterExporter[ImageMetaImporter, ImageMetaExporter]
+LabelImporterExporter = _ImporterExporter[LabelMetaImporter, LabelMetaExporter]
+WellImporterExporter = _ImporterExporter[WellMetaImporter, WellMetaExporter]
+PlateImporterExporter = _ImporterExporter[PlateMetaImporter, PlateMetaExporter]
+
+_importer_exporter = TypeVar(
+    "_importer_exporter",
+    ImageImporterExporter,
+    LabelImporterExporter,
+    WellImporterExporter,
+    PlateImporterExporter,
+)
+_image_handler = TypeVar("_image_handler", ImageMetaHandler, LabelMetaHandler)
+_hcs_handler = TypeVar("_hcs_handler", WellMetaHandler, PlateMetaHandler)
+
+
+class ImplementedMetaImporterExporter:
+    _instance = None
+    _image_ie: dict[str, ImageImporterExporter]
+    _label_ie: dict[str, LabelImporterExporter]
+    _well_ie: dict[str, WellImporterExporter]
+    _plate_ie: dict[str, PlateImporterExporter]
+
+    def __new__(cls):
+        """Create a new instance of the class if it does not exist."""
+        if cls._instance is None:
+            cls._instance = super().__new__(cls)
+            cls._image_ie = {}
+            cls._label_ie = {}
+            cls._well_ie = {}
+            cls._plate_ie = {}
+        return cls._instance
+
+    def _find_image_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+        axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+        strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+        _ie_name: str = "_image_ie",
+        _handler: type[_image_handler] = ImageMetaHandler,
+    ) -> _image_handler:
+        """Get an image metadata handler."""
+        _errors = {}
+
+        dict_ie = self.__getattribute__(_ie_name)
+
+        for ie in reversed(dict_ie.values()):
+            handler = _handler(
+                meta_importer=ie.importer,
+                meta_exporter=ie.exporter,
+                group_handler=group_handler,
+                axes_setup=axes_setup,
+                allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+                strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
+            )
+            meta = handler.safe_load_meta()
+            if isinstance(meta, ValidationError):
+                _errors[ie.version] = meta
+                continue
+            return handler
+
+        raise NgioValidationError(
+            f"Could not load metadata from any known version. Errors: {_errors}"
         )
 
-    def update_meta(self, ngio_meta: NgioPlateMeta) -> None:
-        """Update the NGIO plate metadata."""
-        update_ngio_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
+    def find_image_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+        axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+        strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+    ) -> ImageMetaHandler:
+        """Get an image metadata handler."""
+        return self._find_image_handler(
+            group_handler=group_handler,
+            axes_setup=axes_setup,
+            allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+            strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
+            _ie_name="_image_ie",
+            _handler=ImageMetaHandler,
         )
 
+    def get_image_meta_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+        version: str,
+        axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+        strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+    ) -> ImageMetaHandler:
+        """Get an image metadata handler."""
+        if version not in self._image_ie:
+            raise NgioValueError(f"Image handler for version {version} does not exist.")
+
+        image_ie = self._image_ie[version]
+        return ImageMetaHandler(
+            meta_importer=image_ie.importer,
+            meta_exporter=image_ie.exporter,
+            group_handler=group_handler,
+            axes_setup=axes_setup,
+            allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+            strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
+        )
 
-def get_ngio_well_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    version: str | None = None,
-) -> NgioWellMeta:
-    """Retrieve the NGIO well metadata from the Zarr group.
-
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        version (str | None): Optional NGFF version to use for decoding.
-
-    Returns:
-        NgioWellMeta: The NGIO well metadata.
-    """
-    return get_ngio_meta(
-        group_handler=group_handler,
-        meta_type=NgioWellMeta,
-        version=version,
-    )
+    def _register(
+        self,
+        version: str,
+        importer: _importer_exporter,
+        overwrite: bool = False,
+        _ie_name: str = "_image_ie",
+    ):
+        """Register an importer/exporter."""
+        ie_dict = self.__getattribute__(_ie_name)
+        if version in ie_dict and not overwrite:
+            raise NgioValueError(
+                f"Importer/exporter for version {version} already exists. "
+                "Use 'overwrite=True' to overwrite."
+            )
+        ie_dict[version] = importer
+
+    def register_image_ie(
+        self,
+        version: str,
+        importer: ImageMetaImporter,
+        exporter: ImageMetaExporter,
+        overwrite: bool = False,
+    ):
+        """Register an importer/exporter."""
+        importer_exporter = ImageImporterExporter(
+            version=version, importer=importer, exporter=exporter
+        )
+        self._register(
+            version=version,
+            importer=importer_exporter,
+            overwrite=overwrite,
+            _ie_name="_image_ie",
+        )
 
+    def find_label_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+        axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+        strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+    ) -> LabelMetaHandler:
+        """Get a label metadata handler."""
+        return self._find_image_handler(
+            group_handler=group_handler,
+            axes_setup=axes_setup,
+            allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+            strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
+            _ie_name="_label_ie",
+            _handler=LabelMetaHandler,
+        )
 
-def update_ngio_well_meta(
-    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    ngio_meta: NgioWellMeta,
-) -> None:
-    """Update the NGIO well metadata in the Zarr group.
+    def get_label_meta_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+        version: str,
+        axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+        strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+    ) -> LabelMetaHandler:
+        """Get a label metadata handler."""
+        if version not in self._label_ie:
+            raise NgioValueError(f"Label handler for version {version} does not exist.")
+
+        label_ie = self._label_ie[version]
+        return LabelMetaHandler(
+            meta_importer=label_ie.importer,
+            meta_exporter=label_ie.exporter,
+            group_handler=group_handler,
+            axes_setup=axes_setup,
+            allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+            strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
+        )
 
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        ngio_meta (NgioWellMeta): The new NGIO well metadata.
+    def register_label_ie(
+        self,
+        version: str,
+        importer: LabelMetaImporter,
+        exporter: LabelMetaExporter,
+        overwrite: bool = False,
+    ):
+        """Register an importer/exporter."""
+        importer_exporter = LabelImporterExporter(
+            version=version, importer=importer, exporter=exporter
+        )
+        self._register(
+            version=version,
+            importer=importer_exporter,
+            overwrite=overwrite,
+            _ie_name="_label_ie",
+        )
 
-    """
-    update_ngio_meta(
-        group_handler=group_handler,
-        ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
-    )
+    def _find_hcs_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+        _ie_name: str = "_well_ie",
+        _handler: type[_hcs_handler] = WellMetaHandler,
+    ) -> _hcs_handler:
+        """Get a handler for a HCS metadata."""
+        _errors = {}
+
+        dict_ie = self.__getattribute__(_ie_name)
+
+        for ie in reversed(dict_ie.values()):
+            handler = _handler(
+                meta_importer=ie.importer,
+                meta_exporter=ie.exporter,
+                group_handler=group_handler,
+            )
+            meta = handler.safe_load_meta()
+            if isinstance(meta, ValidationError):
+                _errors[ie.version] = meta
+                continue
+            return handler
+
+        raise NgioValidationError(
+            f"Could not load metadata from any known version. Errors: {_errors}"
+        )
 
+    def find_well_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+    ) -> WellMetaHandler:
+        """Get a well metadata handler."""
+        return self._find_hcs_handler(
+            group_handler=group_handler,
+            _ie_name="_well_ie",
+            _handler=WellMetaHandler,
+        )
 
-class WellMetaHandler:
-    def __init__(
+    def get_well_meta_handler(
         self,
         group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-        version: str | None = None,
+        version: str,
+    ) -> WellMetaHandler:
+        """Get a well metadata handler."""
+        if version not in self._well_ie:
+            raise NgioValueError(f"Well handler for version {version} does not exist.")
+
+        well_ie = self._well_ie[version]
+        return WellMetaHandler(
+            meta_importer=well_ie.importer,
+            meta_exporter=well_ie.exporter,
+            group_handler=group_handler,
+        )
+
+    def register_well_ie(
+        self,
+        version: str,
+        importer: WellMetaImporter,
+        exporter: WellMetaExporter,
+        overwrite: bool = False,
     ):
-        self._group_handler = group_handler
-        self._version = version
-
-        # Validate metadata
-        _ = self.get_meta()
-        # Store the resolved version
-        # self._version = meta.version
-
-    def get_meta(self) -> NgioWellMeta:
-        """Retrieve the NGIO well metadata."""
-        return get_ngio_well_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            version=self._version,
+        """Register an importer/exporter."""
+        importer_exporter = WellImporterExporter(
+            version=version, importer=importer, exporter=exporter
+        )
+        self._register(
+            version=version,
+            importer=importer_exporter,
+            overwrite=overwrite,
+            _ie_name="_well_ie",
+        )
+
+    def find_plate_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+    ) -> PlateMetaHandler:
+        """Get a plate metadata handler."""
+        return self._find_hcs_handler(
+            group_handler=group_handler,
+            _ie_name="_plate_ie",
+            _handler=PlateMetaHandler,
         )
 
-    def update_meta(self, ngio_meta: NgioWellMeta) -> None:
-        """Update the NGIO well metadata."""
-        update_ngio_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
+    def get_plate_meta_handler(
+        self,
+        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+        version: str,
+    ) -> PlateMetaHandler:
+        """Get a plate metadata handler."""
+        if version not in self._plate_ie:
+            raise NgioValueError(f"Plate handler for version {version} does not exist.")
+
+        plate_ie = self._plate_ie[version]
+        return PlateMetaHandler(
+            meta_importer=plate_ie.importer,
+            meta_exporter=plate_ie.exporter,
+            group_handler=group_handler,
+        )
+
+    def register_plate_ie(
+        self,
+        version: str,
+        importer: PlateMetaImporter,
+        exporter: PlateMetaExporter,
+        overwrite: bool = False,
+    ):
+        """Register an importer/exporter."""
+        importer_exporter = PlateImporterExporter(
+            version=version, importer=importer, exporter=exporter
+        )
+        self._register(
+            version=version,
+            importer=importer_exporter,
+            overwrite=overwrite,
+            _ie_name="_plate_ie",
         )
 
 
-def get_ngio_labels_group_meta(
+###########################################################################
+#
+# Register metadata importers/exporters
+#
+###########################################################################
+
+
+ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().register_image_ie(
+    version="0.4",
+    importer=v04_to_ngio_image_meta,
+    exporter=ngio_to_v04_image_meta,
+)
+
+ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().register_label_ie(
+    version="0.5",
+    importer=v05_to_ngio_label_meta,
+    exporter=ngio_to_v05_label_meta,
+)
+
+ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().register_label_ie(
+    version="0.4",
+    importer=v04_to_ngio_label_meta,
+    exporter=ngio_to_v04_label_meta,
+)
+ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().register_image_ie(
+    version="0.5",
+    importer=v05_to_ngio_image_meta,
+    exporter=ngio_to_v05_image_meta,
+)
+
+ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().register_well_ie(
+    version="0.4", importer=v04_to_ngio_well_meta, exporter=ngio_to_v04_well_meta
+)
+ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().register_well_ie(
+    version="0.5", importer=v05_to_ngio_well_meta, exporter=ngio_to_v05_well_meta
+)
+ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().register_plate_ie(
+    version="0.4", importer=v04_to_ngio_plate_meta, exporter=ngio_to_v04_plate_meta
+)
+ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().register_plate_ie(
+    version="0.5", importer=v05_to_ngio_plate_meta, exporter=ngio_to_v05_plate_meta
+)
+
+
+###########################################################################
+#
+# Public functions to avoid direct access to the importer/exporter
+# registration methods
+#
+###########################################################################
+
+
+def find_image_meta_handler(
     group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    version: str | None = None,
-) -> NgioLabelsGroupMeta:
-    """Retrieve the NGIO labels group metadata from the Zarr group.
-
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        version (str | None): Optional NGFF version to use for decoding.
-
-    Returns:
-        NgioLabelsGroupMeta: The NGIO labels group metadata.
-    """
-    return get_ngio_meta(
+    axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+    allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+    strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+) -> ImageMetaHandler:
+    """Open an image metadata handler."""
+    return ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().find_image_handler(
+        group_handler=group_handler,
+        axes_setup=axes_setup,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+        strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
+    )
+
+
+def get_image_meta_handler(
+    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+    version: str,
+    axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+    allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+    strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+) -> ImageMetaHandler:
+    """Open an image metadata handler."""
+    return ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().get_image_meta_handler(
         group_handler=group_handler,
-        meta_type=NgioLabelsGroupMeta,
         version=version,
+        axes_setup=axes_setup,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+        strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
     )
 
 
-def update_ngio_labels_group_meta(
+def find_label_meta_handler(
     group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-    ngio_meta: NgioLabelsGroupMeta,
-) -> None:
-    """Update the NGIO labels group metadata in the Zarr group.
+    axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+    allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+    strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+) -> LabelMetaHandler:
+    """Open a label metadata handler."""
+    return ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().find_label_handler(
+        group_handler=group_handler,
+        axes_setup=axes_setup,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+        strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
+    )
 
-    Args:
-        group_handler (ZarrGroupHandler): The Zarr group handler.
-        ngio_meta (NgioLabelsGroupMeta): The new NGIO labels group metadata.
 
-    """
-    update_ngio_meta(
+def get_label_meta_handler(
+    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+    version: str,
+    axes_setup: AxesSetup | None = None,
+    allow_non_canonical_axes: bool = False,
+    strict_canonical_order: bool = True,
+) -> LabelMetaHandler:
+    """Open a label metadata handler."""
+    return ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().get_label_meta_handler(
         group_handler=group_handler,
-        ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
+        version=version,
+        axes_setup=axes_setup,
+        allow_non_canonical_axes=allow_non_canonical_axes,
+        strict_canonical_order=strict_canonical_order,
     )
 
 
-class LabelsGroupMetaHandler:
-    def __init__(
-        self,
-        group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
-        version: NgffVersions | None = None,
-    ):
-        self._group_handler = group_handler
-        self._version = version
+def find_well_meta_handler(group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler) -> WellMetaHandler:
+    """Open a well metadata handler."""
+    return ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().find_well_handler(
+        group_handler=group_handler,
+    )
 
-        meta = self.get_meta()
-        self._version = meta.version
 
-    def get_meta(self) -> NgioLabelsGroupMeta:
-        """Retrieve the NGIO labels group metadata."""
-        return get_ngio_labels_group_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            version=self._version,
-        )
+def get_well_meta_handler(
+    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+    version: str,
+) -> WellMetaHandler:
+    """Open a well metadata handler."""
+    return ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().get_well_meta_handler(
+        group_handler=group_handler,
+        version=version,
+    )
 
-    def update_meta(self, ngio_meta: NgioLabelsGroupMeta) -> None:
-        """Update the NGIO labels group metadata."""
-        update_ngio_labels_group_meta(
-            group_handler=self._group_handler,
-            ngio_meta=ngio_meta,
-        )
+
+def find_plate_meta_handler(group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler) -> PlateMetaHandler:
+    """Open a plate metadata handler."""
+    return ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().find_plate_handler(
+        group_handler=group_handler
+    )
+
+
+def get_plate_meta_handler(
+    group_handler: ZarrGroupHandler,
+    version: str,
+) -> PlateMetaHandler:
+    """Open a plate metadata handler."""
+    return ImplementedMetaImporterExporter().get_plate_meta_handler(
+        group_handler=group_handler,
+        version=version,
+    )